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Park M, Hoang GM, Nguyen T, Lee E, Jung HJ, Choe Y, Lee MH, Hwang JY, Kim JG, Kim T. Effects of transcranial ultrasound stimulation pulsed at 40 Hz on Aβ plaques and brain rhythms in 5×FAD mice. Transl Neurodegener 2021; 10:48. [PMID: 34872618 PMCID: PMC8650290 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-021-00274-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia, and is characterized by amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques and tauopathy. Reducing Aβ has been considered a major AD treatment strategy in pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches. Impairment of gamma oscillations, which play an important role in perception and cognitive function, has been shown in mouse AD models and human patients. Recently, the therapeutic effect of gamma entrainment in AD mouse models has been reported. Given that ultrasound is an emerging neuromodulation modality, we investigated the effect of ultrasound stimulation pulsed at gamma frequency (40 Hz) in an AD mouse model. METHODS We implanted electroencephalogram (EEG) electrodes and a piezo-ceramic disc ultrasound transducer on the skull surface of 6-month-old 5×FAD and wild-type control mice (n = 12 and 6, respectively). Six 5×FAD mice were treated with two-hour ultrasound stimulation at 40 Hz daily for two weeks, and the other six mice received sham treatment. Soluble and insoluble Aβ levels in the brain were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Spontaneous EEG gamma power was computed by wavelet analysis, and the brain connectivity was examined with phase-locking value and cross-frequency phase-amplitude coupling. RESULTS We found that the total Aβ42 levels, especially insoluble Aβ42, in the treatment group decreased in pre- and infra-limbic cortex (PIL) compared to that of the sham treatment group. A reduction in the number of Aβ plaques was also observed in the hippocampus. There was no increase in microbleeding in the transcranial ultrasound stimulation (tUS) group. In addition, the length and number of microglial processes decreased in PIL and hippocampus. Encelphalographic spontaneous gamma power was increased, and cross-frequency coupling was normalized, implying functional improvement after tUS stimulation. CONCLUSION These results suggest that the transcranial ultrasound-based gamma-band entrainment technique can be an effective therapy for AD by reducing the Aβ load and improving brain connectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mincheol Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Gia Minh Hoang
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Thien Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunkyung Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Jung
- Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, 41062, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngshik Choe
- Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, 41062, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Hwan Lee
- Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Youn Hwang
- Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Gwan Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea.
| | - Tae Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea.
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Lu H, Zhang W, Long Q, Zhang C, Shang L, Liu S, Sun W. A semiological marker of emotional insulo-cingulate network activation in epileptic human brain. Epilepsy Behav 2021; 120:107970. [PMID: 33964542 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2021.107970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
There are limited reports on the "chapeau de gendarme" (CDG) sign, which is considered reliable evidence for the verification of frontal epilepsy. However, several recent reports of scattered cases of extra-frontal epilepsy suggest the complexity of the cortical networks underlying CDG generation. The present study aimed to investigate the anatomo-electro-clinical correlations and explore the cortical mechanisms of the generation of CDG via video-stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG). Patients with focal epilepsy who underwent SEEG and epilepsy surgery in our center from March 2017 to December 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Ten patients with epilepsy with habitual seizures presenting with CDG were included. Most CDG signs were discerned visually into two chronological components referred to as the "prodromal component" and the "major component." The CDG signs occurred at 2.4-26.1 s after electrical onset and lasted for 2.2-16.6 s. The two sequential components were visually discerned in 64 included seizures of the six patients. The epileptogenic zones were diverse in distribution. Cluster analysis was performed based on the neurophysiological features of distinct cortical areas, and the agranulo-dysgranular insular and cingulate cortices were emphasized. Pearson correlation and linear regression showed a linear relationship between the latencies of CDG onset and the latencies of co-activation of agranulo-dysgranular cingulate and insular cortex in gamma bands. Our results suggest that (1) the CDG sign should be interpreted as a type of facial behavior with social-emotional features and considered a semiological marker of emotional insulo-cingulate cortex involvement in focal epilepsy, and (2) epileptic discharges arising directly from or propagating indirectly into this anterior limbic network have a high likelihood of evoking the CDG sign.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjuan Lu
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China; Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China; Epilepsy Center, Shanghai Deji Hospital, Qingdao University, Shanghai 200126, China
| | - Qiting Long
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China; Epilepsy Center, Shanghai Deji Hospital, Qingdao University, Shanghai 200126, China
| | - Cuirong Zhang
- Epilepsy Center, Shanghai Deji Hospital, Qingdao University, Shanghai 200126, China
| | - Li Shang
- Epilepsy Center, Shanghai Deji Hospital, Qingdao University, Shanghai 200126, China
| | - Sinclair Liu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China.
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China.
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Qi R, Li J, Wu X, Geng X, Chen N, Yu H. Effects of Ketamine on Basal Gamma Band Oscillation and Sensory Gating in Prefrontal Cortex of Awake Rats. Neurosci Bull 2018; 34:457-464. [PMID: 29380249 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-018-0208-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Gamma band oscillation (GBO) and sensory gating (SG) are associated with many cognitive functions. Ketamine induces deficits of GBO and SG in the prefrontal cortex (PFC). However, the time-courses of the effects of different doses of ketamine on GBO power and SG are poorly understood. Studies have indicated that GBO power and SG have a common substrate for their generation and abnormalities. In this study, we found that (1) ketamine administration increased GBO power in the PFC in rats differently in the low- and high-dose groups; (2) auditory SG was significantly lower than baseline in the 30 mg/kg and 60 mg/kg groups, but not in the 15 mg/kg and 120 mg/kg groups; and (3) changes in SG and basal GBO power were significantly correlated in awake rats. These results indicate a relationship between mechanisms underlying auditory SG and GBO power.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renli Qi
- Second Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Jinghui Li
- Second Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Xujun Wu
- The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xin Geng
- Second Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Nanhui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China.
| | - Hualin Yu
- Second Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, China.
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Hiyoshi T, Kambe D, Karasawa J, Chaki S. Differential effects of NMDA receptor antagonists at lower and higher doses on basal gamma band oscillation power in rat cortical electroencephalograms. Neuropharmacology 2014; 85:384-96. [PMID: 24907590 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2014.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2014] [Revised: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenic patients have been shown to exhibit abnormal cortical gamma band oscillation (GBO), which is thought to be related to the symptoms of schizophrenia, including cognitive impairment. Recently, non-competitive NMDA receptor (NMDAr) antagonists such as MK-801 and ketamine have been reported to increase the basal GBO power in rat cortical electroencephalograms. However, the mechanisms underlying the increase in basal GBO power induced by non-competitive NMDAr antagonists remain unclear. In the present study, we characterized the non-competitive NMDAr antagonists-increased GBO (30-80 Hz) power. MK-801 (0.05-0.2 mg/kg) increased the GBO power, exhibiting an inverted U-shape dose-response curve; at higher doses (0.3-1 mg/kg), the increase in GBO was reversed. The GBO power was closely correlated with the high-frequency oscillation (130-180 Hz) power following MK-801 administration, while the GBO power was inversely correlated with the increase in delta oscillation (0.5-4 Hz) power at higher doses. PCP (1.25-10 mg/kg) and ketamine (2.5-30 mg/kg) also exhibited the inverted U-shape dose-responses for the basal GBO power similar to MK-801. Interestingly, memantine (10-30 mg/kg) dose-dependently and potently increased the GBO power without remarkably affecting the other frequency band. In contrast, other psychotomimetics, such as methamphetamine (1-10 mg/kg) and DOI (0.5-2 mg/kg), did not induce noticeable changes in the basal GBO power even at doses that induce abnormal behaviors, indicating that the increase in GBO power induced by NMDAr antagonists is not necessarily attributed to psychotomimetic effects. In conclusion, the basal GBO power increase in response to non-competitive NMDAr antagonists may reflect the cortical hyperglutamatergic state through GABAergic disinhibition.
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Kongthong N, Minami T, Nakauchi S. Gamma oscillations distinguish mere exposure from other likability effects. Neuropsychologia 2014; 54:129-38. [PMID: 24389505 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2013.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Revised: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 12/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Repeated exposure to neutral stimuli enhances liking for those, which is called mere exposure effect (MEE) (Zajonc, 1968). Its behavioral effects have been extensively investigated. However, the mechanism by which it is generated remains unclear. To elucidate the neural mechanism of the MEE, we recorded electroencephalograms while subjects indicated their preferences for face stimuli with and without MEE induction. According to behavioral data, participants were divided into two groups, one with, and one without MEE tendency. In participants with an MEE tendency, gamma activity (40-60 [Hz]) in the parieto-occipital area was significantly weaker for exposed faces than unexposed ones, indicating a repetition-suppression effect. Gamma activity from sites exhibiting peak repetition-suppression effects was significantly weaker in theoretically genuine MEE trials than non-MEE trials, indicating that emotion processing might influence the MEE. These results suggest that existing theories regarding mechanisms underlying the MEE, namely, fluency misattribution and apprehensiveness reduction might not be mutually exclusive. Moreover, gamma activity might be a potential indicator to distinguish the MEE from other likability effects, at least in the case of human face stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nutchakan Kongthong
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka Tempaku, Toyohashi, Aichi 441-8580, Japan
| | - Tetsuto Minami
- Electronics-Inspired Interdisciplinary Research Institute (EIIRIS), Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka Tempaku, Toyohashi, Aichi 441-8580, Japan.
| | - Shigeki Nakauchi
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka Tempaku, Toyohashi, Aichi 441-8580, Japan
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