1
|
Kostecki MX, Chan YL, Honda JR. Shower dehumidification to reduce nontuberculous mycobacteria aerosolization. BMC Res Notes 2024; 17:91. [PMID: 38549125 PMCID: PMC10976743 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-024-06751-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are environmentally acquired opportunistic pathogens that can cause recalcitrant lung disease. Prior reports have demonstrated links between shower use and infections, yet the aerosolization of NTM from showerheads, as well as the humidity levels that may modulate NTM aerosolization from showerheads is less studied. The objective of the current study was to investigate the role of humidity in NTM aerosolization among showers in homes located in a geographic area with high lung disease incidence, Hawai'i, and test whether deployment of a dehumidifier in well-ventilated bathrooms reduce NTM exposure. RESULTS Across two sampling events and five showers, existing NTM showerhead biofilms along with shower air were sampled at three points: pre-shower, post-shower, and post-dehumidification. In each of the sampling events, respiratory relevant NTM species were identified from shower biofilms, which were also detected in aerosolized shower air after showering events, but not after the shower was dehumidified and bathrooms vented. While sample size was small, these data suggest running a shower is a possible source of NTM aerosolization and using a commercial household dehumidifier in conjunction with opening bathroom doors and windows may be simple, cost-effective interventions to reduce environmental NTM exposures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yvonne L Chan
- 'Iolani School, 563 Kamoku St, 96826, Honolulu, Hawai'i, USA
| | - Jennifer R Honda
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, 11937 US Hwy 271 BMR Building, 75708, Tyler, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Parsa AA, Azama KA, Vawer M, Ona MA, Seto TB. Prevalence Study of MASLD in Adolescent and Young Adult Pacific Islanders and Asians Living in Hawai'i. J Endocr Soc 2024; 8:bvad165. [PMID: 38249431 PMCID: PMC10797323 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvad165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Context Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, renamed metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), is the most common cause of chronic liver disease with an estimated worldwide prevalence of 30.1% while clinical practice observations reflect a disproportionately lower prevalence of 1.9%, indicating a condition that is underrecognized in clinical care settings. Screening for MASLD is rarely performed, and little is known about the prevalence in Hawai'i. Objective This pilot aims to develop an understanding of the prevalence and factors associated with MASLD in Hawai'i's adolescent and young adult (AYA) population. Design/Methods Cross-sectional observational pilot study: We used Fibroscan®-liver ultrasonographic vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE) to identify MASLD based on controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) scores ≥238 (dB/m) and collected biometric, anthropometric, and Beverage Intake Questionnaire (sugar-sweetened beverage) survey data. Setting The study took place at community clinics in Hawai'i on the island of O'ahu. Participants One hundred individuals were evaluated, age 14 to 34 years. Main Outcome Measures We used VCTE Fibroscan® with CAP scoring to identify the presence of hepatocyte steatosis (fatty liver). Results Overall MASLD prevalence in the sample was 44% (95% confidence interval: 34.1%-54.3%). In participants with MASLD, obese Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islanders (62%) and nonobese Asians (43%) had the highest rates of MASLD. Conclusion This pilot evaluation of the AYA NHOPI and Asian MASLD population in Hawai'i shows a higher rate of MASLD than those reported in other parts of the United States. Larger population health studies are indicated to expand our knowledge of MASLD in the Hawaiian Islands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alan A Parsa
- John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai’i, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
- Diabetes Research and Education Center of the Pacific, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
- Department of Medicine, The Queen's Medical Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Katie A Azama
- Department of Medicine, The Queen's Medical Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
- Nancy Atmospera-Walch School of Nursing, University of Hawai’i, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - May Vawer
- Diabetes Research and Education Center of the Pacific, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
- Department of Medicine, The Queen's Medical Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Mel A Ona
- John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai’i, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Todd B Seto
- John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai’i, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
- Department of Medicine, The Queen's Medical Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tan CG, Oberlag NM, McGowan AE, Dawrs SN, Chan YL, Strong M, Hasan NA, Honda JR. Genomic and microbiological analyses of iron acquisition pathways among respiratory and environmental nontuberculous mycobacteria from Hawai'i. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1268963. [PMID: 38029173 PMCID: PMC10667711 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1268963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
As environmental opportunistic pathogens, nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) can cause severe and difficult to treat pulmonary disease. In the United States, Hawai'i has the highest prevalence of infection. Rapid growing mycobacteria (RGM) such as Mycobacterium abscessus and M. porcinum and the slow growing mycobacteria (SGM) including M. intracellulare subspecies chimaera are common environmental NTM species and subspecies in Hawai'i. Although iron acquisition is an essential process of many microorganisms, iron acquisition via siderophores among the NTM is not well-characterized. In this study, we apply genomic and microbiological methodologies to better understand iron acquisition via siderophores for environmental and respiratory isolates of M. abscessus, M. porcinum, and M. intracellulare subspecies chimaera from Hawai'i. Siderophore synthesis and transport genes, including mycobactin (mbt), mmpL/S, and esx-3 were compared among 47 reference isolates, 29 respiratory isolates, and 23 environmental Hawai'i isolates. Among all reference isolates examined, respiratory isolates showed significantly more siderophore pertinent genes compared to environmental isolates. Among the Hawai'i isolates, RGM M. abscessus and M. porcinum had significantly less esx-3 and mbt genes compared to SGM M. chimaera when stratified by growth classification. However, no significant differences were observed between the species when grown on low iron culture agar or siderophore production by the chrome azurol S (CAS) assay in vitro. These results indicate the complex mechanisms involved in iron sequestration and siderophore activity among diverse NTM species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicole M. Oberlag
- Center for Genes, Environment and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, United States
| | | | - Stephanie N. Dawrs
- Center for Genes, Environment and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, United States
| | | | - Michael Strong
- Center for Genes, Environment and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, United States
| | - Nabeeh A. Hasan
- Center for Genes, Environment and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, United States
| | - Jennifer R. Honda
- Center for Genes, Environment and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, United States
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Balaraman PK, Ng K, Perry K, Hayashi MS. Homemade Dart Attacks in Hawai'i. Am Surg 2023; 89:5005-5007. [PMID: 37306691 DOI: 10.1177/00031348231183124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Over a 4.5-year period (September 2014 to March 2019), 7 patients presented to the State's only Level I Trauma Center with penetrating injuries inflicted by homemade metallic darts. Previously described in Micronesia, these are the first domestic cases of assaults utilizing this type of weaponry. Retrospective chart review was conducted for all patients who presented to our institution with a dart injury within the study period. Details regarding demographics, imaging, and patient management were collected and described herein. All 7 patients were male with a median age of 24.6 years impaled with darts that penetrated through the deep muscle and tissue layers of the neck, torso, or extremity. Three patients required operative intervention and no mortalities were observed. The depth of penetration and proximity to vital structures highlight the potential for life-threatening injuries from these homemade darts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Karen Ng
- The Queen's Medical Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Kyle Perry
- The Queen's Medical Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Michael S Hayashi
- The Queen's Medical Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
- Department of Surgery, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Adhikari M, Kantar MB, Longman RJ, Lee CN, Oshiro M, Caires K, He Y. Genome-wide association study for carcass weight in pasture-finished beef cattle in Hawai'i. Front Genet 2023; 14:1168150. [PMID: 37229195 PMCID: PMC10203587 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1168150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified genetic markers for cattle production and reproduction traits. Several publications have reported Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) for carcass-related traits in cattle, but these studies were rarely conducted in pasture-finished beef cattle. Hawai'i, however, has a diverse climate, and 100% of its beef cattle are pasture-fed. Methods: Blood samples were collected from 400 cattle raised in Hawai'i islands at the commercial harvest facility. Genomic DNA was isolated, and 352 high-quality samples were genotyped using the Neogen GGP Bovine 100 K BeadChip. SNPs that did not meet the quality control standards were removed using PLINK 1.9, and 85 k high-quality SNPs from 351 cattle were used for association mapping with carcass weight using GAPIT (Version 3.0) in R 4.2. Four models were used for the GWAS analysis: General Linear Model (GLM), the Mixed Linear Model (MLM), the Fixed and Random Model Circulating Probability Unification (FarmCPU), the Bayesian-Information and Linkage-Disequilibrium Iteratively Nested Keyway (BLINK). Results and Discussion: Our results indicated that the two multi-locus models, FarmCPU and BLINK, outperformed single-locus models, GLM and MLM, in beef herds in this study. Specifically, five significant SNPs were identified using FarmCPU, while BLINK and GLM each identified the other three. Also, three of these eleven SNPs ("BTA-40510-no-rs", "BovineHD1400006853", and "BovineHD2100020346") were shared by multiple models. The significant SNPs were mapped to genes such as EIF5, RGS20, TCEA1, LYPLA1, and MRPL15, which were previously reported to be associated with carcass-related traits, growth, and feed intake in several tropical cattle breeds. This confirms that the genes identified in this study could be candidate genes for carcass weight in pasture-fed beef cattle and can be selected for further breeding programs to improve the carcass yield and productivity of pasture-finished beef cattle in Hawai'i and beyond.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mandeep Adhikari
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawai’i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Michael B. Kantar
- Department of Tropical Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Hawai’i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Ryan J. Longman
- East West Center, Honolulu, HI, United States
- Department of Geography and Environment, University of Hawai’i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - C. N. Lee
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food, and Animal Sciences, University of Hawai’i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Melelani Oshiro
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food, and Animal Sciences, University of Hawai’i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Kyle Caires
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food, and Animal Sciences, University of Hawai’i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Yanghua He
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawai’i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food, and Animal Sciences, University of Hawai’i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Brisco KK, Jacobsen CM, Seok S, Wang X, Lee Y, Akbari OS, Cornel AJ. Field Evaluation of In2Care Mosquito Traps to Control Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) in Hawai'i Island. J Med Entomol 2023; 60:364-372. [PMID: 36656078 PMCID: PMC9989837 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjad005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Aedes aegypti Linnaeus and Aedes albopictus Skuse are vectors of dengue virus and responsible for multiple autochthonous dengue outbreaks in Big Island, Hawai'i. Control of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus has been achieved in In2Care trap trials, which motivated us to investigate this potential control approach in the Big Island. Our In2Care trial was performed in the coastal settlement of Miloli'i in the southwest of Big Island where both Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus are found. This trial starting in the second week of July and ending in the last week of October 2019 fell within the traditional wet season in Miloli'i. No significant reduction in egg or adult counts in our treatment areas following 12 wk of two In2Care trap placements per participating household were observed. In fact, an increase in numbers of adults during the trial reached levels that required the local mosquito abatement program to stop the In2Care trap trial and institute a thorough source reduction and treatment campaign. The source reduction campaign revealed a large variety and quantity of water sources competed with the oviposition cups we had placed, which likely lowered the chances of our oviposition cups being visited by pyriproxyfen-contaminated Aedes adults exiting the In2Care traps.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine K Brisco
- Mosquito Control Research Laboratory, Kearney Agricultural and Natural Resources Extension, Vector Genetics Laboratory, University of California, Davis, 9240 S. Riverbend Avenue, Parlier, CA, 93648, USA
| | - Christopher M Jacobsen
- Hawai’i Department of Health, Environmental Health, 1582 Kamehameha Avenue, Hilo, HI, 96720, USA
| | - Sangwoo Seok
- Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, Department of Entomology and Nematology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, 200 9th Street SE, Vero Beach, FL, 32962, USA
| | - Xiaodi Wang
- Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, Department of Entomology and Nematology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, 200 9th Street SE, Vero Beach, FL, 32962, USA
| | - Yoosook Lee
- Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, Department of Entomology and Nematology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, 200 9th Street SE, Vero Beach, FL, 32962, USA
| | - Omar S Akbari
- School of Biological Sciences, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Anthony J Cornel
- Mosquito Control Research Laboratory, Kearney Agricultural and Natural Resources Extension, Vector Genetics Laboratory, University of California, Davis, 9240 S. Riverbend Avenue, Parlier, CA, 93648, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kurashima CK, Ng PK, Kendal-Wright CE. RAGE against the Machine: Can Increasing Our Understanding of RAGE Help Us to Battle SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Pregnancy? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:6359. [PMID: 35742804 PMCID: PMC9224312 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The receptor of advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is a receptor that is thought to be a key driver of inflammation in pregnancy, SARS-CoV-2, and also in the comorbidities that are known to aggravate these afflictions. In addition to this, vulnerable populations are particularly susceptible to the negative health outcomes when these afflictions are experienced in concert. RAGE binds a number of ligands produced by tissue damage and cellular stress, and its activation triggers the proinflammatory transcription factor Nuclear Factor Kappa B (NF-κB), with the subsequent generation of key proinflammatory cytokines. While this is important for fetal membrane weakening, RAGE is also activated at the end of pregnancy in the uterus, placenta, and cervix. The comorbidities of hypertension, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and obesity are known to lead to poor pregnancy outcomes, and particularly in populations such as Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders. They have also been linked to RAGE activation when individuals are infected with SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, we propose that increasing our understanding of this receptor system will help us to understand how these various afflictions converge, how forms of RAGE could be used as a biomarker, and if its manipulation could be used to develop future therapeutic targets to help those at risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Courtney K. Kurashima
- School of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Chaminade University of Honolulu, Honolulu, HI 96816, USA; (C.K.K.); (P.K.N.)
| | - Po’okela K. Ng
- School of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Chaminade University of Honolulu, Honolulu, HI 96816, USA; (C.K.K.); (P.K.N.)
| | - Claire E. Kendal-Wright
- School of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Chaminade University of Honolulu, Honolulu, HI 96816, USA; (C.K.K.); (P.K.N.)
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women’s Health, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai’i, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
- Department of Anatomy, Biochemistry and Physiology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai’i, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Parsons AW, Dawrs SN, Nelson ST, Norton GJ, Virdi R, Hasan NA, Epperson LE, Holst B, Chan ED, Leos-Barajas V, Reich BJ, Crooks JL, Strong M, Pacifici K, Honda JR. Soil Properties and Moisture Synergistically Influence Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Prevalence in Natural Environments of Hawai'i. Appl Environ Microbiol 2022;:e0001822. [PMID: 35435715 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00018-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are opportunistic pathogens that cause chronic pulmonary disease (PD). NTM infections are thought to be acquired from the environment; however, the basal environmental factors that drive and sustain NTM prevalence are not well understood. The highest prevalence of NTM PD cases in the United States is reported from Hawai'i, which is unique in its climate and soil composition, providing an opportunity to investigate the environmental drivers of NTM prevalence. We used microbiological sampling and spatial logistic regression complemented with fine-scale soil mineralogy to model the probability of NTM presence across the natural landscape of Hawai'i. Over 7 years, we collected and microbiologically cultured 771 samples from 422 geographic sites in natural areas across the Hawaiian Islands for the presence of NTM. NTM were detected in 210 of these samples (27%), with Mycobacterium abscessus being the most frequently isolated species. The probability of NTM presence was highest in expansive soils (those that swell with water) with a high water balance (>1-m difference between rainfall and evapotranspiration) and rich in Fe-oxides/hydroxides. We observed a positive association between NTM presence and iron in wet soils, supporting past studies, but no such association in dry soils. High soil-water balance may facilitate underground movement of NTM into the aquifer system, potentially compounded by expansive capabilities allowing crack formation under drought conditions, representing further possible avenues for aquifer infiltration. These results suggest both precipitation and soil properties are mechanisms by which surface NTM may reach the human water supply. IMPORTANCE Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are ubiquitous in the environment, being found commonly in soils and natural bodies of freshwater. However, little is known about the environmental niches of NTM and how they relate to NTM prevalence in homes and other human-dominated areas. To characterize NTM environmental associations, we collected and cultured 771 samples from 422 geographic sites in natural areas across Hawai'i, the U.S. state with the highest prevalence of NTM pulmonary disease. We show that the environmental niches of NTM are most associated with highly expansive, moist soils containing high levels of iron oxides/hydroxides. Understanding the factors associated with NTM presence in the natural environment will be crucial for identifying potential mechanisms and risk factors associated with NTM infiltration into water supplies, which are ultimately piped into homes where most exposure risk is thought to occur.
Collapse
|
9
|
Maison DP, Cleveland SB, Nerurkar VR. Genomic Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern Circulating in Hawai'i to Facilitate Public-Health Policies. Res Sq 2021:rs.3.rs-378702. [PMID: 33821261 PMCID: PMC8020990 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-378702/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Using genomics, bioinformatics and statistics, herein we demonstrate the effect of statewide and nationwide quarantine on the introduction of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOC) in Hawai'i. To define the origins of introduced VOC, we analyzed 260 VOC sequences from Hawai'i, and 301,646 VOC sequences worldwide, deposited in the GenBank and global initiative on sharing all influenza data (GISAID), and constructed phylogenetic trees. The trees define the most recent common ancestor as the origin. Further, the multiple sequence alignment used to generate the phylogenetic trees identified the consensus single nucleotide polymorphisms in the VOC genomes. These consensus sequences allow for VOC comparison and identification of mutations of interest in relation to viral immune evasion and host immune activation. Of note is the P71L substitution within the E protein, the protein sensed by TLR2 to produce cytokines, found in the B.1.351 VOC may diminish the efficacy of some vaccines. Based on the phylogenetic trees, the B.1.1.7, B.1.351, B.1.427, and B.1.429 VOC have been introduced in Hawai'i multiple times since December 2020 from several definable geographic regions. From the first worldwide report of VOC in GenBank and GISAID, to the first arrival of VOC in Hawai'i, averages 320 days with quarantine, and 132 days without quarantine. As such, the effect of quarantine is shown to significantly affect the time to arrival of VOC in Hawai'i, both during and following quarantine. Further, the collective 2020 quarantine of 43-states in the United States demonstrates a profound impact in delaying the arrival of VOC in states that did not practice quarantine, such as Utah. Our data demonstrates that at least 76% of all definable SARS-CoV-2 VOC have entered Hawai'i from California, with the B.1.351 variant in Hawai'i originating exclusively from the United Kingdom. These data provide a foundation for policy-makers and public-health officials to apply precision public health genomics to real-world policies such as mandatory screening and quarantine.
Collapse
|
10
|
Hyrenbach KD, McGinnis Z, Page K, Rapp D, Horgen FD, Lynch JM. Assessment of plastic ingestion by pole-caught pelagic predatory fish from O'ahu, Hawai'i. Aquat Conserv 2021; 31:408-419. [PMID: 34334992 PMCID: PMC8323999 DOI: 10.1002/aqc.3507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Although the frequency of occurrence of plastic ingestion in the large-sized dolphinfish and tunas taken by the Hawai'i longline fishery is very low (frequency of occurrence < 5% of sampled individuals), the ingestion of plastic in smaller-sized specimens caught with pole-and-line gear by commercial and recreational fishers has not been investigated.This study examined ingestion of >0.25 mm marine plastic debris (MPD) by four predatory fish species caught by commercial fishers around the Main Hawaiian Islands, and documented ingestion in three species: 85.7% of albacore tuna (n = 7), 40.0% of skipjack tuna (n = 10) and 12.5% of dolphinfish (n = 8).Yellowfin tuna (n = 10) did not contain any MPD, probably owing to the high proportion of empty stomachs (60%).For skipjack tuna, the frequency of occurrence of MPD ingestion was significantly higher for the smaller-sized specimens caught with pole-and-line (40%), compared with the larger-sized specimens caught with longlines (0%).For dolphinfish, the frequency of occurrence of MPD ingestion was similar for the similar-sized specimens caught with pole-and-line and with longlines.The ingested MPD items were micro-meso plastics, between 1 and 25 mm. While most ingested items were fragments, albacore also ingested line and skipjack also ingested sheets.The predatory fishes ingested light MPD items that float in sea water, but there were species-specific differences in their polymer composition: albacore contained more polypropylene and polyethylene, and skipjack contained more elastomers, characterized by a high percentage of ester plasticizers.Altogether, these results suggest that albacore and skipjack tunas ingest plastic of different types and polymers. Yet more research is needed to understand how differences in vertical distribution, foraging ecology and diet influence the MPD sampled by these predatory fish species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K. David Hyrenbach
- Center for Marine Debris Research, Hawai’i Pacific University, Waimanalo, HI, USA
| | - Zora McGinnis
- College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Hawai’i Pacific University, Kaneohe, HI, USA
| | - Kathleen Page
- College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Hawai’i Pacific University, Kaneohe, HI, USA
- Oikonos - Ecosystem Knowledge, Kailua, HI, USA
| | - Dan Rapp
- College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Hawai’i Pacific University, Kaneohe, HI, USA
- Oikonos - Ecosystem Knowledge, Kailua, HI, USA
| | - F. David Horgen
- College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Hawai’i Pacific University, Kaneohe, HI, USA
| | - Jennifer M. Lynch
- Center for Marine Debris Research, Hawai’i Pacific University, Waimanalo, HI, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Waimanalo, HI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Virdi R, Lowe ME, Norton GJ, Dawrs SN, Hasan NA, Epperson LE, Glickman CM, Chan ED, Strong M, Crooks JL, Honda JR. Lower Recovery of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria from Outdoor Hawai'i Environmental Water Biofilms Compared to Indoor Samples. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9020224. [PMID: 33499212 PMCID: PMC7910870 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9020224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are environmental organisms that can cause opportunistic pulmonary disease with species diversity showing significant regional variation. In the United States, Hawai'i shows the highest rate of NTM pulmonary disease. The need for improved understanding of NTM reservoirs led us to identify NTM from patient respiratory specimens and compare NTM diversity between outdoor and indoor locations in Hawai'i. A total of 545 water biofilm samples were collected from 357 unique locations across Kaua'i (n = 51), O'ahu (n = 202), Maui (n = 159), and Hawai'i Island (n = 133) and divided into outdoor (n = 179) or indoor (n = 366) categories. rpoB sequence analysis was used to determine NTM species and predictive modeling applied to develop NTM risk maps based on geographic characteristics between environments. M. chimaera was frequently identified from respiratory and environmental samples followed by M. chelonae and M. abscessus; yet significantly less NTM were consistently recovered from outdoor compared to indoor biofilms, as exemplified by showerhead biofilm samples. While the frequency of M. chimaera recovery was comparable between outdoor and indoor showerhead biofilms, phylogenetic analyses demonstrate similar rpoB gene sequences between all showerhead and respiratory M. chimaera isolates, supporting outdoor and indoor environments as possible sources for pulmonary M. chimaera infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ravleen Virdi
- Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206, USA; (R.V.); (G.J.N.); (S.N.D.); (N.A.H.); (L.E.E.); (M.S.)
| | - Melissa E. Lowe
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206, USA; (M.E.L.); (J.L.C.)
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Grant J. Norton
- Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206, USA; (R.V.); (G.J.N.); (S.N.D.); (N.A.H.); (L.E.E.); (M.S.)
| | - Stephanie N. Dawrs
- Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206, USA; (R.V.); (G.J.N.); (S.N.D.); (N.A.H.); (L.E.E.); (M.S.)
| | - Nabeeh A. Hasan
- Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206, USA; (R.V.); (G.J.N.); (S.N.D.); (N.A.H.); (L.E.E.); (M.S.)
| | - L. Elaine Epperson
- Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206, USA; (R.V.); (G.J.N.); (S.N.D.); (N.A.H.); (L.E.E.); (M.S.)
| | - Cody M. Glickman
- Computational Biosciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA;
| | - Edward D. Chan
- Department of Medicine and Academic Affairs, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206, USA;
- Division of Pulmonary Science and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Department of Medicine, Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Denver, CO 80523, USA
| | - Michael Strong
- Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206, USA; (R.V.); (G.J.N.); (S.N.D.); (N.A.H.); (L.E.E.); (M.S.)
| | - James L. Crooks
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206, USA; (M.E.L.); (J.L.C.)
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Jennifer R. Honda
- Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206, USA; (R.V.); (G.J.N.); (S.N.D.); (N.A.H.); (L.E.E.); (M.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-303-398-1015
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Glickman CM, Virdi R, Hasan NA, Epperson LE, Brown L, Dawrs SN, Crooks JL, Chan ED, Strong M, Nelson ST, Honda JR. Assessment of Soil Features on the Growth of Environmental Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Isolates from Hawai'i. Appl Environ Microbiol 2020; 86:e00121-20. [PMID: 32859599 DOI: 10.1128/AEM.00121-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally and in the United States, the prevalence of NTM pulmonary disease—a potentially life-threatening but underdiagnosed chronic illness—is prominently rising. While NTM are ubiquitous in the environment, including in soil, the specific soil components that promote or inhibit NTM growth have not been elucidated. We hypothesized that NTM culture-positive soil contains minerals that promote NTM growth in vitro. Because Hawai’i is a hot spot for NTM and a unique geographic archipelago, we examined the composition of Hawai’i soil and identified individual clay, iron, and manganese minerals associated with NTM. Next, individual components were evaluated for their ability to directly modulate NTM growth in culture. In general, gibbsite and some manganese oxides were shown to decrease NTM, whereas iron-containing minerals were associated with higher NTM counts. These data provide new information to guide future analyses of soil-associated factors impacting persistence of these soil bacteria. Environmental nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), with the potential to cause opportunistic lung infections, can reside in soil. This might be particularly relevant in Hawai’i, a geographic hot spot for NTM infections and whose soil composition differs from many other areas of the world. Soil components are likely to contribute to NTM prevalence in certain niches as food sources or attachment scaffolds, but the particular types of soils, clays, and minerals that impact NTM growth are not well-defined. Hawai’i soil and chemically weathered rock (saprolite) samples were examined to characterize the microbiome and quantify 11 mineralogical features as well as soil pH. Machine learning methods were applied to identify important soil features influencing the presence of NTM. Next, these features were directly tested in vitro by incubating synthetic clays and minerals in the presence of Mycobacteroides abscessus and Mycobacterium chimaera isolates recovered from the Hawai'i environment, and changes in bacterial growth were determined. Of the components examined, synthetic gibbsite, a mineral form of aluminum hydroxide, inhibited the growth of both M. abscessus and M. chimaera, while other minerals tested showed differential effects on each species. For example, M. abscessus (but not M. chimaera) growth was significantly higher in the presence of hematite, an iron oxide mineral. In contrast, M. chimaera (but not M. abscessus) counts were significantly reduced in the presence of birnessite, a manganese-containing mineral. These studies shed new light on the mineralogic features that promote or inhibit the presence of Hawai’i NTM in Hawai’i soil. IMPORTANCE Globally and in the United States, the prevalence of NTM pulmonary disease—a potentially life-threatening but underdiagnosed chronic illness—is prominently rising. While NTM are ubiquitous in the environment, including in soil, the specific soil components that promote or inhibit NTM growth have not been elucidated. We hypothesized that NTM culture-positive soil contains minerals that promote NTM growth in vitro. Because Hawai’i is a hot spot for NTM and a unique geographic archipelago, we examined the composition of Hawai’i soil and identified individual clay, iron, and manganese minerals associated with NTM. Next, individual components were evaluated for their ability to directly modulate NTM growth in culture. In general, gibbsite and some manganese oxides were shown to decrease NTM, whereas iron-containing minerals were associated with higher NTM counts. These data provide new information to guide future analyses of soil-associated factors impacting persistence of these soil bacteria.
Collapse
|
13
|
Cuaresma CF, Sy AU, Nguyen TT, Ho RCS, Gildengorin GL, Tsoh JY, Jo AM, Tong EK, Kagawa-Singer M, Stewart SL. Results of a lay health education intervention to increase colorectal cancer screening among Filipino Americans: A cluster randomized controlled trial. Cancer 2019; 124 Suppl 7:1535-1542. [PMID: 29578603 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.31116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Filipino colorectal cancer (CRC) screening rates fall below Healthy People 2020 goals. In this study, the authors explore whether a lay health educator (LHE) approach can increase CRC screening among Filipino Americans ages 50 to 75 years in Hawai'i. METHODS A cluster randomized controlled trial from 2012 through 2015 compared an intervention, which consisted of LHEs delivering 2 education sessions and 2 telephone follow-up calls on CRC screening plus a CRC brochure versus an attention control, in which 2 lectures and 2 follow-up calls on nutrition and physical activity plus a CRC brochure were provided. The primary outcome was change in self-reported ever receipt of CRC screening at 6 months. RESULTS Among 304 participants (77% women, 86% had > 10 years of residence in the United States), the proportion of participants who reported ever having received CRC screening increased significantly in the intervention group (from 80% to 89%; P = .0003), but not in the control group (from 73% to 74%; P = .60). After covariate adjustment, there was a significant intervention effect (odds ratio, 1.9; 95% confidence interval, 1.0-3.5). There was no intervention effect on up-to-date screening. CONCLUSIONS This first randomized controlled trial for CRC screening among Hawai'i's Filipinos used an LHE intervention with mixed, but promising, results. Cancer 2018;124:1535-42. © 2018 American Cancer Society.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charlene F Cuaresma
- Student Equity, Excellence and Diversity, University of Hawai'i-Mãnoa, Honolulu, Hawai'i
| | - Angela U Sy
- John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu, Hawai'i
| | - Tung T Nguyen
- Department of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Franciso, California
| | - Reginald C S Ho
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Straub Clinic and Hospital, Honolulu, Hawai'i
| | - Ginny L Gildengorin
- Division of General Internal Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Franciso, California
| | - Janice Y Tsoh
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California-San Francisco, San Franciso, California
| | - Angela M Jo
- Department of Family Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Elisa K Tong
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, California
| | - Marjorie Kagawa-Singer
- Fielding School of Public Health, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Susan L Stewart
- Division of Public Health Sciences, University of California-Davis, Davis, California
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Abstract
Pedogenic thresholds describe where soil properties or processes change in an abrupt/nonlinear fashion in response to small changes in environmental forcing. Contrastingly, soil process domains refer to the space between thresholds where soil properties are either unchanged, or change gradually, across a broad range of environmental forcing. Here, we test quantitatively for the presence of thresholds in patterns of soil properties across a climatic gradient on soils developed from ~20 ky old basaltic substrate on the Island of Hawai'i. From multiple soil properties, we quantitatively identified a threshold at ~750 mm/y of water balance (precipitation minus potential evapotranspiration), delineating the upper water balance boundary of soil fertility in these soils. From the threshold in the ratio of exchangeable Ca to total Ca we identified the lower water balance boundary of soil fertility in these soils at -1000 mm/y, however this threshold was qualitatively described as it lies near the limit of the climate gradient data where the statistical approach can not be applied. These two results represent the first time that pedogenic thresholds have been identified using statistically rigorous methods and the limitations of said methods, respectively. Comparing the 20 ky soils to soils that developed on basaltic substrates of 1.2 ky, 7.5 ky, 150 ky, and 4100 ky in a time-climate matrix, we found that our quantitative analysis supports previous qualitatively identified thresholds in the soils developed from older substrates. We also identified the 20 ky as the transition from kinetic to supply limitation for plant nutrients in soil in this system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jesse Bloom Bateman
- Department of Earth System Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305.,Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Oliver A Chadwick
- Department of Geography, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Mims Iii FM, McGonigle AJS, Wilkes TC, Parisi AV, Grant WB, Cook JM, Pering TD. Measuring and Visualizing Solar UV for a Wide Range of Atmospheric Conditions on Hawai'i Island. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019; 16:ijerph16060997. [PMID: 30893924 PMCID: PMC6466090 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16060997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Hawai’i Island often receives extreme (UV Index ≥ 11) solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR). While the UV Index (UVI) has been measured since 1997 at Hawai’i’s high-altitude Mauna Loa Observatory (MLO), measurements where people live and recreate are rare. We measured UVI on the face of a rotating mannequin head with UVR sensors at its eyes, ears and cheeks while simultaneously measuring the UVI with a zenith-facing sensor at MLO and seven sites at or near sea level from 19 July to 14 August 2018. The mannequin sensors received higher UVR at midmorning and midafternoon than at noon. For example, at sea level the peak UVI at the left cheek was 5.2 at midmorning and 2.9 at noon, while the horizontal UVI at noon was 12.7. Our measurements were supplemented with wide-angle (190° and 360°) sky photographs and UV images of the mannequin head. Because the UVI applies to horizontal surfaces, people in tropical and temperate latitudes should be informed that their face may be more vulnerable to UVR at midmorning and midafternoon than at noon. Finally, our instruments provided opportunities to measure unexpected UVR-altering events, including rare biomass smoke over MLO and spectroscopic measurements of substantial UVR-absorbing sulfur dioxide in the eruption plume of the Kilauea volcano.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrew J S McGonigle
- Department of Geography, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK.
- School of Geosciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
- Faculty of Health, Engineering and Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia.
| | - Thomas C Wilkes
- Department of Geography, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK.
| | - Alfio V Parisi
- Faculty of Health, Engineering and Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia.
| | - William B Grant
- Sunlight, Nutrition, and Health Research Center, P.O. Box 641603, San Francisco, CA 94164-1603, USA.
| | - Joseph M Cook
- Department of Geography, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK.
| | - Tom D Pering
- Department of Geography, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Amore L, Buchthal OV, Banna JC. Identifying perceived barriers and enablers of healthy eating in college students in Hawai'i: a qualitative study using focus groups. BMC Nutr 2019; 5:16. [PMID: 32153929 PMCID: PMC7050928 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-019-0280-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To design effective nutrition education interventions for college students, research is needed to determine the factors influencing food choices. The purpose of this study was to identify perceived barriers and enablers of healthy eating in college students ages 18–24 at the University of Hawai’i at Mānoa. Methods Prior to conducting focus groups, an interview guide was developed based on a literature review of relevant studies. The interview guide was successfully tested in the first focus group and used in the rest of the focus groups. Eleven focus groups with group sizes of two to six were conducted (n = 44). Focus groups were audio-recorded and transcribed. Transcripts were coded in NVIVO11 using content analysis, and additional codes were added to the codebook based on emergent ideas from the transcripts. After completion of the final codebook, transcripts were recoded with the new codebook. Final code counts were used to identify overarching ideas based on the socio-ecological model of health, consisting of four levels of influence: individual (intrapersonal), social environmental (interpersonal), physical environmental (community settings), and macrosystem (societal). Results The largest barriers according to level of influence in the socio-ecological model were nutrition knowledge deficit (individual), peer pressure (social environmental), unsupportive institutional environment (physical environmental), and cost (macrosystem). The largest enablers were nutrition knowledge (individual), parental influence (social environmental), an institutional environment with consistent healthy offerings (physical environmental), and social media (macrosystem). Some factors served as barriers for some participants and enablers for others, such as parental influence. Conclusion Factors such as individual knowledge and parental support were cited as having a positive influence in promoting healthy eating, while factors such as the cost of living and food availability at college serve as barriers even for motivated students. Results from this study identify potential areas of intervention, such as improving nutrition knowledge (individual), offering more healthy options (physical environmental), or reducing cost of food (macrosystem). However, more research is needed to identify which level of intervention may be most effective in changing food habits, and which barriers or enablers are deciding factors in determining this population’s food choices. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s40795-019-0280-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Amore
- 1Department of Human Nutrition, Food, and Animal Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, Agricultural Sciences 216, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1955 East-West Road, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA
| | - Opal Vanessa Buchthal
- 2Office of Public Health Studies, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1960 East-West Road, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA
| | - Jinan C Banna
- 3Department of Human Nutrition, Food, and Animal Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, Agricultural Sciences 216, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1955 East-West Road, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Weijerman M, Veazey L, Yee S, Vaché K, Delevaux JMS, Donovan MK, Falinski K, Lecky J, Oleson KLL. Managing Local Stressors for Coral Reef Condition and Ecosystem Services Delivery Under Climate Scenarios. Front Mar Sci 2018; 5:10.3389/fmars.2018.00425. [PMID: 34124078 PMCID: PMC8193846 DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2018.00425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Coral reefs provide numerous ecosystem goods and services, but are threatened by multiple environmental and anthropogenic stressors. To identify management scenarios that will reverse or mitigate ecosystem degradation, managers can benefit from tools that can quantify projected changes in ecosystem services due to alternative management options. We used a spatially-explicit biophysical ecosystem model to evaluate socio-ecological trade-offs of land-based vs. marine-based management scenarios, and local-scale vs. global-scale stressors and their cumulative impacts. To increase the relevance of understanding ecological change for the public and decision-makers, we used four ecological production functions to translate the model outputs into the ecosystem services: "State of the Reef," "Trophic Integrity," "Fisheries Production," and "Fisheries Landings." For a case study of Maui Nui, Hawai'i, land-based management attenuated coral cover decline whereas fisheries management promoted higher total fish biomass. Placement of no-take marine protected areas (MPAs) across 30% of coral reef areas led to a reversal of the historical decline in predatory fish biomass, although this outcome depended on the spatial arrangement of MPAs. Coral cover declined less severely under strict sediment mitigation scenarios. However, the benefits of these local management scenarios were largely lost when accounting for climate-related impacts. Climate-related stressors indirectly increased herbivore biomass due to the shift from corals to algae and, hence, greater food availability. The two ecosystem services related to fish biomass increased under climate-related stressors but "Trophic Integrity" of the reef declined, indicating a less resilient reef. "State of the Reef" improved most and "Trophic Integrity" declined least under an optimistic global warming scenario and strict local management. This work provides insight into the relative influence of land-based vs. marine-based management and local vs. global stressors as drivers of changes in ecosystem dynamics while quantifying the tradeoffs between conservation- and extraction-oriented ecosystem services.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariska Weijerman
- Joint Institute of Marine and Atmospheric Research, University of Hawai’i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
- Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Lindsay Veazey
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Management, University of Hawai’i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Susan Yee
- Gulf Ecology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Gulf Breeze, FL, United States
| | - Kellie Vaché
- Biological and Ecological Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Jade M. S. Delevaux
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Management, University of Hawai’i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Mary K. Donovan
- Hawai’i Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawai’i at Mānoa, Kānéohe, HI, United States
| | - Kim Falinski
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Management, University of Hawai’i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Joey Lecky
- Joint Institute of Marine and Atmospheric Research, University of Hawai’i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Management, University of Hawai’i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Kirsten L. L. Oleson
- Joint Institute of Marine and Atmospheric Research, University of Hawai’i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Management, University of Hawai’i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Adjemian J, Frankland TB, Daida YG, Honda JR, Olivier KN, Zelazny A, Honda S, Prevots DR. Epidemiology of Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Lung Disease and Tuberculosis, Hawaii, USA. Emerg Infect Dis 2018; 23:439-447. [PMID: 28221128 PMCID: PMC5382761 DOI: 10.3201/eid2303.161827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies found Hawaiians and Asian-Americans/Pacific Islanders to be independently at increased risk for nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTMPD) and tuberculosis (TB). To better understand NTM infection and TB risk patterns in Hawaii, USA, we evaluated data on a cohort of patients in Hawaii for 2005–2013. Period prevalence of NTMPD was highest among Japanese, Chinese, and Vietnamese patients (>300/100,000 persons) and lowest among Native Hawaiians and Other Pacific Islanders (50/100,000). Japanese patients were twice as likely as all other racial/ethnic groups to have Mycobacterium abscessus isolated (adjusted odds ratio 2.0, 95% CI 1.2–3.2) but were not at increased risk for infection with other mycobacteria species. In contrast, incidence of TB was stable and was lowest among Japanese patients (no cases) and highest among Filipino, Korean, and Vietnamese patients (>50/100,000). Substantial differences exist in the epidemiology of NTMPD by race/ethnicity, suggesting behavioral and biologic factors that affect disease susceptibility.
Collapse
|
19
|
Li CS, Ding Y, Yang BJ, Hoffman N, Yin HQ, Mahmud T, Turkson J, Cao S. Eremophilane sesquiterpenes from Hawaiian endophytic fungus Chaetoconis sp. FT087. Phytochemistry 2016; 126:41-46. [PMID: 26995148 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2016.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2015] [Revised: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Seven sesquiterpene derivatives, including chaetopenoids A-F and dendryphiellin A1, and 6-methyl-(2E, 4E, 6S) octadienoic acid were isolated from the culture broth of Chaetoconis sp. FT087. Their structures were determined through the analysis of HRMS and NMR spectroscopic data. The absolute configurations of chaetopenoids A-D were elucidated by comparison of their CD and optical rotation data with those in the literature. Chaetopenoids A-C and E belong to the eremophilane type of sesquiterpenoids, while chaetopenoids D and F and dendryphiellin A1 have a trinor-eremophilane skeleton. All compounds were tested against A2780 and cisplatin resistant A2780CisR cell lines, and dendryphiellin A1 was moderately active with IC50 values of 6.6 and 9.1 μg/mL, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Shun Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawai'i at Hilo, 34 Rainbow Drive, Hilo, HI 96720, USA; Natural Products and Experimental Therapeutics, Cancer Center, University of Hawai'i, 701 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Yuanqing Ding
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Bao-Jun Yang
- Natural Products and Experimental Therapeutics, Cancer Center, University of Hawai'i, 701 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Naomi Hoffman
- Honolulu Botanical Garden, 50 N. Vineyard Blvd., Honolulu, HI 96817, USA
| | - Hong-Quan Yin
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Taifo Mahmud
- College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331-3507, USA
| | - James Turkson
- Natural Products and Experimental Therapeutics, Cancer Center, University of Hawai'i, 701 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Shugeng Cao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawai'i at Hilo, 34 Rainbow Drive, Hilo, HI 96720, USA; Natural Products and Experimental Therapeutics, Cancer Center, University of Hawai'i, 701 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Nilsen F, David Hyrenbach K, Fang J, Jensen B. Use of indicator chemicals to characterize the plastic fragments ingested by Laysan albatross. Mar Pollut Bull 2014; 87:230-236. [PMID: 25139302 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.07.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2014] [Revised: 07/23/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Laysan albatross (Phoebastria immutabilis) ingest plastic marine debris of a wide range of shape, sizes and sources. To better characterize this plastic and provide insights regarding its provenance and persistence in the environment, we developed a simple method to classify plastic fragments of unknown origin according to the resin codes used by the Society of Plastics Industry. Known plastics were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) to identify indicator chemicals characteristic of each plastic resin. Application of this method to fragments of ingested plastic debris from boluses of Laysan albatross from Kure Atoll, Hawai'i, yielded proportions of 0.8% High Density Polyethylene, 6.8% Polystyrene, 8.5% Polyethylene Terephthalate, 20.5% Polyvinyl Chloride and 68.4% Polypropylene. Some fragments were composed of multiple resin types. These results suggest that infrequently recycled plastics are the dominant fragments ingested by albatross, and that these are the most prevalent and persistent resin types in the marine environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frances Nilsen
- Hawai'i Pacific University, 45-045 Kamehameha Highway, Kane'ohe, HI 96744, USA.
| | - K David Hyrenbach
- Hawai'i Pacific University, 45-045 Kamehameha Highway, Kane'ohe, HI 96744, USA.
| | - Jiasong Fang
- Hawai'i Pacific University, 45-045 Kamehameha Highway, Kane'ohe, HI 96744, USA.
| | - Brenda Jensen
- Hawai'i Pacific University, 45-045 Kamehameha Highway, Kane'ohe, HI 96744, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
MARSHALL HATHAWAY JENNIFERJ, GARCIA MATTHEWG, BALASCH MONICAMOYA, SPILDE MICHAELN, STONE FREDD, DAPKEVICIUS MARIADELURDESNE, AMORIM ISABELR, GABRIEL ROSALINA, BORGES PAULOAV, NORTHUP DIANAE. Comparison of Bacterial Diversity in Azorean and Hawai'ian Lava Cave Microbial Mats. Geomicrobiol J 2014; 31:205-220. [PMID: 26924866 PMCID: PMC4765387 DOI: 10.1080/01490451.2013.777491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide, lava caves host colorful microbial mats. However, little is known about the diversity of these microorganisms, or what role they may play in the subsurface ecosystem. White and yellow microbial mats were collected from four lava caves each on the Azorean island of Terceira and the Big Island of Hawai'i, to compare the bacterial diversity found in lava caves from two widely separated archipelagos in two different oceans at different latitudes. Scanning electron microscopy of mat samples showed striking similarities between Terceira and Hawai'ian microbial morphologies. 16S rRNA gene clone libraries were constructed to determine the diversity within these lava caves. Fifteen bacterial phyla were found across the samples, with more Actinobacteria clones in Hawai'ian communities and greater numbers of Acidobacteria clones in Terceira communities. Bacterial diversity in the subsurface was correlated with a set of factors. Geographical location was the major contributor to differences in community composition (at the OTU level), together with differences in the amounts of organic carbon, nitrogen and copper available in the lava rock that forms the cave. These results reveal, for the first time, the similarity among the extensive bacterial diversity found in lava caves in two geographically separate locations and contribute to the current debate on the nature of microbial biogeography.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - MATTHEW G. GARCIA
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - MONICA MOYA BALASCH
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - MICHAEL N. SPILDE
- Institute of Meteoritics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - FRED D. STONE
- University of Hawai’i at Hilo, Hilo, Hawai’i and Bishop Museum, Honolulu, Hawai’i, USA
| | - MARIA DE LURDES N. E. DAPKEVICIUS
- Food Technology Group, CITA-A, Universidade dos Açores, Departamento de Ciências Agrárias, Rua Capitão João d’Ávila, São Pedro, Angra do Heroísmo, Terceira, Portugal
| | - ISABEL R. AMORIM
- Food Technology Group, CITA-A, Universidade dos Açores, Departamento de Ciências Agrárias, Rua Capitão João d’Ávila, São Pedro, Angra do Heroísmo, Terceira, Portugal
- Azorean Biodiversity Group (GBA, CITA-A) and Portuguese Platform for Enhancing Ecological Research and Sustainability (PEERS), Universidade dos Açores, Departamento de Ciências Agrárias, Rua Capitão João d’Ávila, São Pedro, Angra do Heroísmo, Terceira, Portugal
| | - ROSALINA GABRIEL
- Azorean Biodiversity Group (GBA, CITA-A) and Portuguese Platform for Enhancing Ecological Research and Sustainability (PEERS), Universidade dos Açores, Departamento de Ciências Agrárias, Rua Capitão João d’Ávila, São Pedro, Angra do Heroísmo, Terceira, Portugal
| | - PAULO A. V. BORGES
- Azorean Biodiversity Group (GBA, CITA-A) and Portuguese Platform for Enhancing Ecological Research and Sustainability (PEERS), Universidade dos Açores, Departamento de Ciências Agrárias, Rua Capitão João d’Ávila, São Pedro, Angra do Heroísmo, Terceira, Portugal
| | - DIANA E. NORTHUP
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Carson HS. The incidence of plastic ingestion by fishes: from the prey's perspective. Mar Pollut Bull 2013; 74:170-174. [PMID: 23896402 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2013] [Revised: 07/01/2013] [Accepted: 07/04/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
One of the primary threats to ocean ecosystems from plastic pollution is ingestion by marine organisms. Well-documented in seabirds, turtles, and marine mammals, ingestion by fish and sharks has received less attention until recently. We suggest that fishes of a variety of sizes attack drifting plastic with high frequency, as evidenced by the apparent bite marks commonly left behind. We examined 5518 plastic items from random plots on Kamilo Point, Hawai'i Island, and found 15.8% to have obvious signs of attack. Extrapolated to the entire amount of debris removed from the 15 km area, over 1.3 tons of plastic is attacked each year. Items with a bottle shape, or those blue or yellow in color, were attacked with a higher frequency. The triangular edges or punctures left by teeth ranged from 1 to 20 mm in width suggesting a variety of species attack plastic items. More research is needed to document the specific fishes and rates of plastic ingestion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Henry S Carson
- Marine Science Department, University of Hawai'i, Hilo, 200 W. Kawili St., Hilo, HI 96720, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Pomp S, Keller S, Maddock JE. Associations of depressive symptoms with health behaviors, stress, and self-assessed health status in Hawai'i: a population study. Asia Pac J Public Health 2012; 27:NP1907-17. [PMID: 22743856 DOI: 10.1177/1010539512448523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this cross-sectional study was to examine how depressive symptoms are associated with health behaviors, stress, and self-assessed health status in the population of Hawai'i. METHODS Randomized phone calls were made using computer assistant telephone interviews. A regression analysis with depressive symptoms as the outcome and sociodemographic variables, health behaviors, stress, and health status as predictors was conducted in 1483 adults. RESULTS Depressive symptoms were associated with stress (β = .32), alcohol consumption (β = .19), health status (β = -.10), fast food consumption (β = .06), avoidance of fat (β = -.06), and fruit and vegetable consumption (β = .06). Moreover, depressive symptoms were linked to being female (β = .06), being single (β = -.06), and being Caucasian compared with being Native Hawaiian (β = -.06) or Japanese (β = -.08). The overall explained variance was 22%. CONCLUSION Depressive symptoms correlate with health risk behaviors and might be considered as a risk for chronic diseases.
Collapse
|