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Nakashima S, Ohara S, Imai Y, Nakano H, Uchida T, Inoue M, Hagihara M. [Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma concurrent with Kaposi's sarcoma in the same lymph node in a human immunodeficiency virus-negative patient]. Rinsho Ketsueki 2024; 65:74-77. [PMID: 38448001 DOI: 10.11406/rinketsu.65.74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
An 80-year-old Japanese man presented with systemic lymphadenopathy, including the para-aortic area and left inguinal nodes, which was diagnosed as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and human herpesvirus (HHV) 8-positive/HIV-negative Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). Immunohistochemical examination revealed that the lymphoma cells were negative for HHV-8. The patient received combined chemotherapy with rituximab, pirarubicin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisolone for six cycles and achieved complete remission. In the literature, five cases of simultaneous appearance of malignant lymphoma and KS in the same lymph node have been reported, but DLBCL as a histological subtype has not yet been reported.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shin Ohara
- Department of Hematology, Eiju General Hospital
| | - Yui Imai
- Department of Hematology, Eiju General Hospital
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2
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Vo1 MT, Choi1 YB. Herpesvirus lytic infection-induced mitophagy via viral interferon regulatory factor 1. Autophagy Rep 2023; 2:2281135. [PMID: 38214011 PMCID: PMC10783440 DOI: 10.1080/27694127.2023.2281135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Viral control of mitochondria via mitophagy has a dampening effect on mitochondrion-mediated innate immune responses. We previously found that human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) could activate mitophagy via its lytic gene product vIRF-1 (viral interferon regulatory factor 1). Mechanistically, we previously demonstrated that vIRF-1 interacts with the mitophagic proteins BNIP3L (BCL2 interacting protein 3 like) and TUFM (Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial). Despite these significant findings, however, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying vIRF-1-activated mitophagy, particularly with core components of the autophagy machinery, remained to be fully elucidated. We recently reported that vIRF-1 binds preferentially and directly to GABARAPL1 (GABA type A receptor associated protein like 1) in a noncanonical manner, and this interaction is essential for virus-productive replication. Furthermore, we found that BNIP3L is a crucial factor that promotes vIRF-1 oligomerization and associated mitophagy activation, including GABARAPL1 interaction with vIRF-1 and TUFM dimerization. Together, our findings deepen our understanding of lytic infection-induced mitophagy and provide the key protein-protein interactions involved in vIRF-1-mediated mitophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Tram Vo1
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Young Bong Choi1
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
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Handous I, Hannachi N, Achour B, Marzouk M, Hazgui O, Yacoub S, Khelif A, Boukadida J. Human herpesvirus-8 infection in Tunisian adult acute leukemia patients. Afr Health Sci 2023; 23:504-510. [PMID: 37545962 PMCID: PMC10398449 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v23i1.52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) has been linked to the development of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS)and multiple other hematologic malignant disorders. However, the role of HHV-8 in acute leukemia patients is unknown. Objectives The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of HHV-8 in Tunisian acute leukemia patients and in healthy blood donors. Methods An indirect immunofluorescence test was used to detect the presence of anti-HHV8 antibodies. Nested PCR was used for the detection of HHV-8 DNAemia in samples of plasma. Results The seroprevalence of HHV-8 was significantly higher in acute leukemia patients (21,4% ,15/70) than in healthy blood donors (7,1%, 5/70), (p= 0.02). Gender, type of disease, status of disease, prior blood transfusion, and outcome were not associated with HHV-8 seroprevalence. However, among acute leukemia patients, HHV-8 seroprevalence was statistically associated with older age > 40 years of age, (p=0.002). HHV-8 DNAemia was detected (1,4%) in only one patient of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and none of the healthy blood donors. Conclusions The seroprevalence of HHV-8 infection in Tunisian adult acute leukemia patients was three times as high compared to healthy blood donors, suggesting that patients with acute leukemia might be at increased risk of HHV-8 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imene Handous
- Université de Sfax, Ecole nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax, 3038, Sfax, Tunisie
- Université de Sousse, Faculté de Médecine de Sousse, Laboratoire de Microbiologie, UR12SP34, Hôpital Farhat Hached,4000, Sousse,Tunisie
| | - Naila Hannachi
- Université de Sousse, Faculté de Médecine de Sousse, Laboratoire de Microbiologie, UR12SP34, Hôpital Farhat Hached,4000, Sousse,Tunisie
| | - Bechir Achour
- Université de Sousse, Faculté de Médecine de Sousse, Service d'Hématologie, Hôpital Farhat Hached, 4000, Sousse, Tunisie
| | - Manel Marzouk
- Université de Sousse, Faculté de Médecine de Sousse, Laboratoire de Microbiologie, UR12SP34, Hôpital Farhat Hached,4000, Sousse,Tunisie
| | - Olfa Hazgui
- Université de Sousse, Faculté de Médecine de Sousse, Laboratoire de Microbiologie, UR12SP34, Hôpital Farhat Hached,4000, Sousse,Tunisie
| | - Saloua Yacoub
- Centre Régional de Transfusion Sanguine, Hôpital Farhat Hached,4000, Sousse,Tunisie
| | - Abderrahim Khelif
- Université de Sousse, Faculté de Médecine de Sousse, Service d'Hématologie, Hôpital Farhat Hached, 4000, Sousse, Tunisie
| | - Jalel Boukadida
- Université de Sousse, Faculté de Médecine de Sousse, Laboratoire de Microbiologie, UR12SP34, Hôpital Farhat Hached,4000, Sousse,Tunisie
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Abstract
Lymphomas are among the most common cancers in people with HIV (PWH). The lymphoma subtypes and pathogenesis of lymphoma in PWH are different from the immunocompetent population. It is well-known that HIV causes severe CD4+ T cell lymphopenia in the absence of antiretroviral therapy (ART); however, the risk of developing certain subtypes of lymphoma remains elevated even in people receiving ART with preserved CD4+ T cells. HIV contributes to lymphomagenesis and causes decreased immune surveillance via T cell depletion and dysregulation, B cell dysregulation, and the potential contribution of HIV-encoded proteins. The oncogenic gammaherpesviruses, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV, also known as human herpesvirus 8), are the causative agents in the majority of HIV-associated lymphomas. HIV-associated T cell depletion and dysregulation allows EBV and KSHV to proliferate in infected B cells. Specific EBV- and KSHV-encoded proteins participate in B cell activation, and proliferation leading to B cell transformation. Understanding the distinct pathogenesis of HIV-associated lymphomas affords opportunities to develop therapies that specifically target these unique aspects and improve lymphoma outcomes in PWH. Agents being studied that target the specific roles of HIV, EBV, and KSHV in lymphomagenesis include immunotherapies, targeted agents, and cellular therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Lurain
- HIV & AIDS Malignancy Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD.
| | - Ramya Ramaswami
- HIV & AIDS Malignancy Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Robert Yarchoan
- HIV & AIDS Malignancy Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
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Yang HS, Hsu CK, Lee JYY, Chang SS. Immunohistochemical and molecular studies of resolved cutaneous Kaposi sarcoma in a kidney transplant recipient: A clinicopathological observation. Asian J Surg 2022; 45:1980-1981. [PMID: 35490061 DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2022.04.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hsing-San Yang
- Department of Dermatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Kai Hsu
- Department of Dermatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; International Research Center of Wound Repair and Regeneration (iWRR), National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Julia Yu-Yun Lee
- Department of Dermatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shen-Shin Chang
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, National Chung Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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Chavoshpour-Mamaghani S, Shoja Z, Mollaei-Kandelous Y, Sharifian K, Jalilvand S. The prevalence of human herpesvirus 8 in normal, premalignant, and malignant cervical samples of Iranian women. Virol J 2021; 18:144. [PMID: 34246302 PMCID: PMC8272328 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-021-01614-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regard to this fact that the main transmission route of HPV and HHV-8 is via sexual activity, it is reasonable to speculate that coinfection of HPV and HHV-8 may have been played an important role in the development of cervical cancer. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of HHV-8 and the frequency of HPV and HHV-8 coinfection in cervical samples of patients with cervical cancer and healthy individuals. METHODS In total, 364 samples from 61 patients with cervical cancer, 124 women with premalignant lesions, and 179 healthy individuals were investigated by nested-PCR. RESULTS The frequency of HHV-8 was found to be 22.9%, 17.7%, and 14.5% in cervical cancer, premalignant lesions, and normal specimens, respectively (P = 0.308). The overall prevalence of coinfection between HHV-8 and HPV was shown to be 16.2%. The HPV prevalence was higher in HHV-8 positive samples than HHV-8 negative specimens in all three studied groups and this difference was reached a statistically significant level (P = 0.002). However, no significant differences were found between HHV-8 positivity and HPV genotypes (P = 0.08). CONCLUSIONS Our results showed the higher rate of HHV-8 genome detection in cervical cancer group than control group. However, future studies with larger sample sizes and evaluation of expression of HHV-8 proteins are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Chavoshpour-Mamaghani
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 14155, Iran
| | | | - Yaghoub Mollaei-Kandelous
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 14155, Iran
| | - Kimia Sharifian
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 14155, Iran
| | - Somayeh Jalilvand
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 14155, Iran.
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Zhou J, Shen X, Wang X, Xiao K, Cao Y, Jiang Y. Classic Kaposi sarcoma in a patient of Miao ethnicity followed up for 7 years: a case report. J Med Case Rep 2021; 15:179. [PMID: 33866974 PMCID: PMC8054400 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-021-02777-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Classic Kaposi sarcoma (CKS) is a vascular sarcoma associated with human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), which is known to be more common in Mediterranean elderly men and is characterized by indolent clinical behavior. Xinjiang province in China is considered an endemic region for Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), with higher incidence among adults of Kazak and Uyghur ethnicities. Cases of CKS are rarely reported in inland China. Here, we followed a case of CKS for 7 years in a patient of Miao ethnic background in southwestern China. Case presentation A 63-year-old Miao (southwestern China) man was initially diagnosed with CKS in 2010, having a history of limb lesions for 37 years, with left eyelid and binaural lesions for 9 years. He did not have sexual contact with men and was human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative. Due to his lumbago and fever, spinal tuberculosis in the lumbar vertebra was highly suspected after computed tomography (CT) scan. However, diagnostic antituberculosis treatment for 4 weeks failed. The patient was followed up in 2016, when the rash was recovering as the systemic symptoms improved. A new CT was performed, which showed a partial response despite the absence of any medical treatment. The open reading frame (ORF)-K1 of KSHV from skin tissue of the foot was amplified and sequenced, and K1 belonged to subtype A. This genotype is consistent with the typical subtype present in Xinjiang. Conclusions We describe spontaneous partial regression of CKS in a patient of Miao ethnicity in inland China. Our sample may represent an unknown, novel genotype. Surveillance and regulating the immune state may represent a valuable approach for this rare disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital, Guizhou Medical University, Beijing Road 4, Yunyan District, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiaoping Shen
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital, Guizhou Medical University, Beijing Road 4, Yunyan District, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital, XingJiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Kun Xiao
- Department of Radiology, Guiyang Third People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Yu Cao
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital, Guizhou Medical University, Beijing Road 4, Yunyan District, Guiyang, China
| | - Yanping Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital, Guizhou Medical University, Beijing Road 4, Yunyan District, Guiyang, China. .,Centre of Expertise in Mycology of RadboudUMC / CWZ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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Lin IF, Lin JN, Tsai TH, Hsu CT, Wu YY, Lai CH. Coexistence of disseminated Kaposi sarcoma and multicentric Castleman disease in an HIV-infected patient under viral suppression. Int J STD AIDS 2021; 32:286-289. [PMID: 33555231 DOI: 10.1177/0956462420968385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Coexistence of multicentric Castleman disease and Kaposi sarcoma is rare and might be missed without an experienced pathologists' interpretation. A 46-year-old man had been diagnosed with HIV infection and treated with combination antiretroviral therapy of dolutegravir/abacavir/lamivudine (Triumeq) for one year. The latest viral load was 49 copies/mL and CD4 T-cell count was 192 cells/uL. He was admitted due to fever off and on, splenomegaly, general lymphadenopathy, and severe thrombocytopenia for two months. Biopsy of a purplish skin lesion and gastric tissue showed Kaposi sarcoma. The pathology of inguinal lymph nodes revealed coexistence of Kaposi sarcoma and multicentric Castleman disease. The plasma Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus viral load was 365,000 copies/mL. During hospitalization, progressive pancytopenia and spiking fever persisted, and he died of multi-organ failure before completion of chemotherapeutic treatments with rituximab plus liposomal doxorubicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Fan Lin
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, 63344E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jiun-Nong Lin
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, 145713I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, 63344E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Heng Tsai
- Department of Pathology, 63344E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Tien Hsu
- Department of Pathology, 63344E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ying Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, 63344E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hsu Lai
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, 63344E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, 145713I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Zanelli M, Zizzo M, Bisagni A, Froio E, De Marco L, Valli R, Filosa A, Luminari S, Martino G, Massaro F, Fratoni S, Ascani S. Germinotropic lymphoproliferative disorder: a systematic review. Ann Hematol 2020; 99:2243-53. [PMID: 32307569 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-020-04024-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Germinotropic lymphoproliferative disorder is a rare and rather enigmatic novel entity with distinctive clinicopathological features, one of which is the typical co-infection by Human herpesvirus 8 and Epstein-Barr virus. Human herpesvirus 8 is a lymphotropic virus detected in Kaposi sarcoma, multicentric Castleman disease, primary effusion lymphoma, Human herpesvirus 8-positive diffuse large B cell lymphoma not otherwise specified, and germinotropic lymphoproliferative disorder. Co-infection by Human herpesvirus 8 and Epstein-Barr virus is identified only in two lymphoproliferative diseases: germinotropic lymphoproliferative disorder and primary effusion lymphoma, which are otherwise diseases with totally different clinical presentations and outcomes. Unlike primary effusion lymphoma mostly occurring in immunocompromised individuals and following an aggressive course, germinotropic lymphoproliferative disorder usually presents with single or multiple lymphadenopathy affecting mainly immunocompetent individuals and mostly follows an indolent course. Based on the PRISMA guidelines, we carried out a systematic search on PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library using the search terms "germinotropic" and "lymphoproliferative disorder." Current scientific literature reports just 19 cases of germinotropic lymphoproliferative disorder. The purpose of our systematic review is to improve our understanding of the disease, focusing on epidemiology, clinical presentation, pathological features, treatment, and outcome. In addition, we discuss the differential diagnosis with the other Human herpesvirus 8-related lymphoproliferative diseases as currently recognized in the World Health Organization classification, adding a focus on lymphoproliferative disorders showing overlapping features.
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Jafarian AH, Mohamadian Roshan N, Ayatollahi H, Omidi AA, Ghaznavi M, Gharib M. Epstein-Barr Virus and Human Herpesvirus 8 in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Iran J Pathol 2020; 15:34-40. [PMID: 32095147 PMCID: PMC6995674 DOI: 10.30699/ijp.2019.77233.1728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Background & Objective: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic and uniformly fatal interstitial lung disease with incompletely understood pathogenesis. Several studies have given the evidence for and against viral cofactors in the pathogenesis of Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. In this study Epstein-Bar Virus (EBV) and HumanHerpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) have been studied for a possible role in the pathogenesis of IPF. Methods: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was employed for the detection of EBV and HHV-8 in 58 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded lung tissue specimens (29 controls and 29 IPF specimens). Results: EBV DNA was present in the lung tissue of 6 out of 29 (20.7%) IPF specimens compared with 1 out of 29 (3.4%) controls (P=0.102). The HHV-8 gene was identified in 3 out of 29 (10.3%) cases of IPF specimens. The control group showed no evidence of HHV-8 gene (P=0.227). Conclusion: Although multiple studies are strongly suggestive of a role for EBV and HHV-8 in the development of IPF, there was no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of EBV and HHV-8 DNA in the IPF specimens and controls in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hossein Jafarian
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Nema Mohamadian Roshan
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Ayatollahi
- Department of Hematology and Blood Bank, Cancer Molecular Pathology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Abbas Ali Omidi
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Ghaznavi
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Gharib
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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11
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Abounouh K, Aitraise I, Benabou A, Boussakri I, Doumir MA, El Boussairi C, El Idrissi S, El Mahdaoui C, Qouar DE, Ennahal A, Fathi S, Hafidi M, Lachker L, Ratib C, Tanouti IA, Maaroufi A, Benjelloun S, Guessous F, Pineau P, Ezzikouri S. Virus-associated human cancers in Moroccan population: From epidemiology to prospective research. Infect Genet Evol 2019; 75:103990. [PMID: 31386915 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2019.103990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Eight human viruses have been classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer as carcinogenic or probably carcinogenic for humans. Infection with high risk human papillomaviruses, hepatitis B and C viruses, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 (HTLV-1), Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), Merkel cell polyomavirus and human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV1) alone or in combination with other agents are the main etiologic factors of many cancers. This review highlights some aspects of virus-associated human cancers, potentially responsible for >14,000 malignancies per year in Morocco. Given that not all individuals infected with these viruses develop cancer, somatic alterations, genetic predisposition, and lifestyle or environmental factors obviously play potentializing roles modulating viral activity. These viral, host genetic signatures and lifestyle interactions may represent a reservoir of biomarkers for early detection, prevention of cancer and rationale-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karima Abounouh
- Virology Unit, Viral Hepatitis Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Casablanca, Morocco; Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Imane Aitraise
- Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Anas Benabou
- Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences, Casablanca, Morocco
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Dalal El Qouar
- Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Afaf Ennahal
- Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Sofia Fathi
- Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Maria Hafidi
- Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Lamyae Lachker
- Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Chorouk Ratib
- Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences, Casablanca, Morocco
| | | | - Abderrahmane Maaroufi
- Virology Unit, Viral Hepatitis Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Soumaya Benjelloun
- Virology Unit, Viral Hepatitis Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Fadila Guessous
- Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Pascal Pineau
- Unité Organisation Nucléaire et Oncogenèse, INSERM U993, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Sayeh Ezzikouri
- Virology Unit, Viral Hepatitis Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Casablanca, Morocco.
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Shin J, Ko YH, Oh SY, Yoon DH, Lee JO, Kim JS, Park Y, Shin HJ, Kim SJ, Won JH, Yoon SS, Kim WS, Koh Y. Body Cavity-Based Lymphoma in a Country with Low Human Immunodeficiency Virus Prevalence: A Series of 17 Cases from the Consortium for Improving Survival of Lymphoma. Cancer Res Treat 2019; 51:1302-1312. [PMID: 30764603 PMCID: PMC6790843 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2018.555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) is a type of body cavity–based lymphoma (BCBL). Most patients with PEL are severely immunocompromised and seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). We investigated the distinctive clinicopathologic characteristics of BCBL in a country with low HIV burden. Materials and Methods We retrospectively collected data on the clinicopathologic characteristics, treatments, and outcomes of 17 consecutive patients with BCBL at nine institutions in Korea. Results Latency-associated nuclear antigen 1 (LANA1) immunostaining indicated that six patients had PEL, six patients had human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8)-unrelated BCBL, and five patients had HHV8-unknown BCBL. The patients with PEL exhibited no evidence of immunodeficiency except for one who was HIV positive. One (20%) and four (80%) patients with PEL and six (100%) and zero (0%) patients with HHV8-unrelated BCBL were positive for CD20 and CD30 expression, respectively. The two patients with PEL (one HIV-positive and one HIV-negative patient) with the lowest proliferation activity as assessed by the Ki-67 labeling index survived for > 1 and > 4 years without chemotherapy, respectively, in contrast to the PEL cases in the literature, which mostly showed a high proliferation index and poor survival. Conclusion PEL mostly occurred in ostensibly immunocompetent individuals and had a favorable outcome in Korea. A watchful waiting approach may be applicable for managing HIV-seronegative patients with PEL with a low Ki-67 labeling index. A possible trend was detected among LANA1, CD20, and CD30 expression in BCBL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junghoon Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Hyeh Ko
- Department of Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Yong Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Dok Hyun Yoon
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong-Ok Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jin Seok Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho Jin Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Seok Jin Kim
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Ho Won
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Soo Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won Seog Kim
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youngil Koh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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de Morais VMS, Gonçales JP, Cahú GGDOM, Tozetto-Mendoza TR, Coêlho MRCD. Mannose-binding lectin concentrations in people living with HIV/AIDS infected by HHV-8. BMC Immunol 2019; 20:1. [PMID: 30606111 PMCID: PMC6318849 DOI: 10.1186/s12865-018-0284-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) plays an important role in the innate immune response by activating the complement system via the lectin pathway, and it has been studied in several viral infections; however, the influence of MBL in PLWHA infected with HHV-8 is unknown. The objective of this study was to verify the association of MBL deficient plasma concentrations in HIV/HHV-8 coinfected and HIV monoinfected patients and to correlate these concentrations with HIV viral load and CD4 counts in both groups. Results This was an analytical study of case-controls consisting of PLWHA monitored at the medical outpatient of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases of the clinical hospital in the Federal University of Pernambuco. Plasma concentrations of MBL were obtained by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using a commercial Human Mannose Binding Lectin kit (MyBioSource, Inc.) that was performed according to the manufacturer’s guidelines, with values < 100 ng/ml considered deficient. A total of 245 PLWHA samples were analysed; 118 were HIV/HHV-8 coinfected and 127 were HIV monoinfected; 5.1% (6/118) of the coinfected patients and 3.2% (4/127) of the monoinfected patients (p = 0.445) were considered plasma concentration deficient. The median of the plasma concentrations of MBL in the coinfected patients was 2803 log10 ng/ml and was 2.959 log10 ng/ml in the monoinfected patients (p = 0.001). There was an inverse correlation between the plasma concentrations of MBL and the HIV viral load in both groups, but no correlation with the CD4 count. Conclusions Although the plasma concentrations considered deficient in MBL were not associated with HHV-8 infection in PLWHA, the coinfected patients showed lower MBL concentrations and an inverse correlation with HIV viral load, suggesting that there may be consumption and reduction of MBL due to opsonization of HIV and HHV-8, leading to the reduction of plasma MBL and non-accumulation in the circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviane Martha Santos de Morais
- Virology Division, Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Juliana Prado Gonçales
- Virology Division, Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | - Tania Regina Tozetto-Mendoza
- Laboratory of Virology (LIM52), Institute of Tropical Medicine of São Paulo, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Rosângela Cunha Duarte Coêlho
- Virology Division, Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. .,Departament of Physiology and Pharmacology, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. .,Setor de Virologia do Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, P.O. Box: Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil.
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Abstract
Malignancies were one of the earliest recognized manifestations that led to the description of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). The majority of cancers in AIDS patients are associated with coinfection with oncogenic viruses, such as Epstein-Barr virus, human herpesvirus 8, and human papillomavirus, with resulting malignancies occurring secondary to diminished immune surveillance against viruses and virus-infected tumor cells. Over 50% of AIDS lymphomas are associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and/or HHV8 infection. HHV8-associated diseases include Kaposi sarcoma (KS), primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), and multicentric Castleman disease (MCD). EBV is associated with several malignancies, including Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Coinfection with HIV and HPV is associated with an increased risk of various squamous cell carcinomas of epithelial tissues. HAART has significantly impacted the incidence, management, and prognosis of AIDS-related malignancies. In addition to changing the natural history of HIV infection in regard to incidence and survival, HAART has dramatically decreased the incidence of certain virally mediated HIV-associated malignancies such as KS and primary CNS lymphoma. The beneficial effects of HAART on these tumors are attributed to drug-mediated HIV suppression and immune reconstitution. However, HAART has had a less favorable impact on EBV- and HPV-related malignancies. This chapter presents an overview of HIV-associated malignancies mediated by HHV-8, EBV, and HPV, and reviews the effect of HAART on the epidemiology, presentation, treatment, and outcomes of these cancers.
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de Morais VMS, de Lima ELS, Cahú GGDOM, Lopes TRR, Gonçales JP, Muniz MTC, Coêlho MRCD. MBL2 gene polymorphisms in HHV-8 infection in people living with HIV/AIDS. Retrovirology 2018; 15:75. [PMID: 30482213 PMCID: PMC6260567 DOI: 10.1186/s12977-018-0456-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Host genetic factors such as MBL2 gene polymorphisms cause defects in the polymerization of MBL protein and result in a functional deficiency and/or in low serum levels that can influence susceptibility to various viral infections. The aim of this study was to estimate the frequency of alleles, genotypes and haplotypes related to -550, -221 and exon 1 polymorphisms of the MBL2 gene and investigate their association with HHV-8 in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA), as well as the impacts on CD4 cell count and HIV viral load in HIV/HHV-8 coinfected and HIV monoinfected patients. Results A cross sectional study in PLWHA, with and without HHV-8 infection, exploring associations between different factors, was performed in the outpatient infectious and parasitic diseases clinic at a referral hospital. Genomic DNA extractions from leukocytes were performed using a commercial Wizard®Genomic DNA Purification kit (Promega, Madison, WI). The promoter region (-550 and -221) was genotyped with the TaqMan system (Applied TaqMan Biosystems® genotyping Assays), and the structural region (exon1) was genotyped with Express Sybr Greener Supermix kit (Invitrogen, USA). In total, 124 HIV/HHV-8 coinfected and 213 HIV monoinfected patients were analysed. Median TCD4 counts were significantly lower in HIV/HHV-8 coinfected patients, whereas the mean of the first and last viral load of HIV did not present significant difference. There was no difference in frequency between the LL, YY and AA genotypes between the HIV/HHV-8 coinfected or HIV monoinfected patients. However, in a multivariate analysis, coinfected patients with the intermediate expression haplotype of the MBL2 gene had an odds ratio of 3.1-fold (CI = 1.2–7.6) of their last CD4 cell count being below 350 cells/mm3. Among the coinfected individuals, four developed KS and presented the intermediate expression MBL haplotype, with three being HYA/LXA and one being LYA/LYO. Conclusions Host genetic factors, such as -550, -221 and exon 1 polymorphisms, can be related to the may modify coinfections and/or to the development clinical manifestations caused by HHV-8, especially in HIV/HHV-8 coinfected patients who present the intermediate expression haplotypes of MBL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviane Martha Santos de Morais
- Virology Division, Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Elker Lene Santos de Lima
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Center of Pediatric Oncohematology, Oswaldo Cruz University Hospital, University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Georgea Gertrudes de Oliveira Mendes Cahú
- Virology Division, Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Thaisa Regina Rocha Lopes
- Virology Division, Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Juliana Prado Gonçales
- Virology Division, Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Maria Tereza Cartaxo Muniz
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Center of Pediatric Oncohematology, Oswaldo Cruz University Hospital, University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Maria Rosângela Cunha Duarte Coêlho
- Virology Division, Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil. .,Departament of Physiology and Pharmacology, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil.
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Marashi SM, Mostafa A, Shoja Z, Nejati A, Shahmahmoodi S, Mollaei-Kandelous Y, Sahraian MA, Jalilvand S. Human herpesvirus 8 DNA detection and variant analysis in patients with multiple sclerosis. Virusdisease 2018; 29:540-3. [PMID: 30539059 DOI: 10.1007/s13337-018-0481-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies reported a complex interplay between viral infections and neural cells leading to multiple sclerosis. A role for some viral infections has been proposed in MS. In this study, DNA sequences of human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) were searched in the peripheral blood of 54 patients with multiple sclerosis and 130 healthy subjects using nested-PCR assay to amplify ORF26 locus. Furthermore, HHV-8 positive samples were subjected to a nested-PCR to amplify K1 gene of HHV-8 followed by direct nucleotide sequencing. HHV-8 genome was detected in 18.5% (10/54) and 3% (4/130) of MS patients and controls, respectively, and the difference reached statistically significant level (P = 0.0017). Genotyping analysis revealed that genotype C was common (88.9%) in all study subjects, followed by genotype A. Our results showed higher detection of HHV-8 DNA in MS patients than control group.
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Abstract
This review aims to describe some of the most frequent lymphoproliferative disorders arising from the lung: pulmonary mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma, lymphomatoid granulomatosis (LG), multicentric Castleman disease (MCD), primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), and nodular lymphoid hyperplasia (NLH). Primary pulmonary lymphoma is defined as a clonal lymphoproliferative disorder affecting one or both lungs, without extrapulmonary involvement 3 months after diagnosis, and includes pulmonary MALT lymphoma and LG. MALT lymphoma is the most common pulmonary lymphoma. The disease is slow growing, most often asymptomatic, and revealed by chronic alveolar opacity on radiography. The diagnosis should involve minimally invasive techniques, and the prognosis is typically excellent. LG is a rare B-cell lymphoma driven by Epstein-Barr virus infection. The disease may mimic pulmonary vasculitis, often revealed by systemic signs. The diagnosis usually requires surgical lung biopsy. Its evolution is unpredictable, but median survival is poor and chemotherapy is usually proposed. MCD and PEL are both driven by Human herpesvirus 8 infection. Patients with MCD present with fever and lymphadenopathy associated with interstitial lung disease. PEL provokes a febrile, lymphocytic-exudative pleural effusion, without any pleural mass on CT. Specific chemotherapy is urgent for both MCD and PEL. NLH is a benign lymphoproliferative disorder of the lung that is usually asymptomatic and revealed by a single nodular opacity. The prognosis is good, without recurrence after surgical resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaël Borie
- Service de Pneumologie A, Centre de compétences maladies pulmonaires rares, AP-HP, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
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Caselli E, Borghi A, Maritati M, Gafà R, Lanza G, Di Luca D, Virgili A, Contini C. Relapses of primary cutaneous anaplastic large-cell lymphoma in a female immunocompetent patient with persistent chlamydophila pneumoniae and human herpesvirus 8 infection. Infect Agent Cancer 2016; 11:31. [PMID: 27382410 PMCID: PMC4932675 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-016-0079-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We have previously reported the case of an immunocompetent female patient with a primary cutaneous CD30+ anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (PCALCL) located on her upper right eyelid characterized by the presence of a concurrent active infection by C. pneumoniae and Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8). This finding suggested for the first time a possible association of C. pneumoniae and/or HHV8 infection, or both together, with PCALCL pathogenesis in non-immunocompromised and HIV-negative subjects. The subsequent course of the same patient’s medical history is herein reported. Findings During the 4 years following the surgical excision of the first PCALCL, the patient developed five further skin lesions located at different anatomical sites, all histologically proven as PCALCLs. The patient underwent several cycles of doxycycline as prophylaxis against Chlamydia. Skin presence of Chlamydia spp and HHV8 was investigated in all recurrences as well as in routine control blood samples. Amplification fragments corresponding to Chlamydia were found in all skin tissues analysed except one (4/5; 80 %), whereas it was not detected in any of the peripheral blood mononuclear cell samples. Conversely, HHV8 was detected in 2/5 (40 %) of the skin biopsies, including the sample negative for Chlamydia, but in all the blood samples analysed. Conclusions These findings further support the hypothesis of a potential role of C. pneumoniae and HHV8 infection in the development and course of the described cutaneous lymphoma. A reciprocally promoting interaction between the two pathogens may be supposed to be relevant for PCALC occurrence and relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Caselli
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Microbiology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessandro Borghi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Dermatology and Infectious Diseases, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Martina Maritati
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Dermatology and Infectious Diseases, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Roberta Gafà
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giovanni Lanza
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Dario Di Luca
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Microbiology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Annarosa Virgili
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Dermatology and Infectious Diseases, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Carlo Contini
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Dermatology and Infectious Diseases, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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Shin J, Lee JO, Choe JY, Bang SM, Lee JS. Human Herpesvirus 8-Unrelated Primary Effusion Lymphoma-Like Lymphoma in an Elderly Korean Patient with a Good Response to Rituximab Plus Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin, Vincristine, and Prednisolone. Cancer Res Treat 2016; 49:274-278. [PMID: 27283030 PMCID: PMC5266403 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2016.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) is a rare type of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma arising from a B-cell lineage characterized by the formation of malignant effusion in body cavities without evidence of a detectable tumor. The effusion contains tumor cells universally infected with human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8), which is the critical factor differentiating PEL from HHV8-unrelated PEL-like lymphoma (PEL-LL). This report describes a 77-year-old male patient with pleural effusion and ascites, containing lymphoma cells expressing a B-cell phenotype, but without markers of HHV8 in immunocytochemical analysis. The patient was diagnosed with PEL-LL and treated with six cycles of rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone (R-CHOP), which resulted in a complete remission. The patient is currently disease-free 15 months post-treatment. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on administration of R-CHOP in a PEL-LL patient in South Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junghoon Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jeong-Ok Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Ji-Young Choe
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Soo-Mee Bang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jong-Seok Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
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Nguewa JL, Lontchi-Yimagou E, Agbelika F, AitDjoudi M, Boudou P, Choukem S, Sobngwi E, Gautier JF. Relationship between HHV8 infection markers and insulin sensitivity in ketosis-prone diabetes. Diabetes Metab 2017; 43:79-82. [PMID: 27262367 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabet.2016.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2016] [Revised: 04/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Peripheral tissue resistance to insulin action is a characteristic of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). It has also been reported that some chronic viral infections can contribute to insulin resistance. Human herpesvirus (HHV)-8 infection has been detected in T2DM patients in previous studies. Our study investigated whether the presence of the virus is associated with insulin resistance in patients with ketosis-prone type 2 diabetes (KPD), as reported with other viruses. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 11 insulin-free KPD patients positive (+) and seven patients who were negative (-) for HHV-8 infection were recruited; the latter had KPD that was well controlled (HbA1c=6.2±0.7%). A two-step euglycaemic-hyperinsulinaemic clamp test coupled with deuterated [6,6-2H2]glucose was used to assess insulin sensitivity, non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) suppression and endogenous glucose production. RESULTS In KPD patients, whether HHV-8+ or HHV-8-, there were no differences in NEFA release, endogenous glucose production or insulin sensitivity (M value). CONCLUSION Asymptomatic HHV-8 infection does not appear to be associated with decreased insulin sensitivity in diabetic patients. These results should now be confirmed in a larger sample population.
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Tang FY, Chen CY, Shyu HW, Hong S, Chen HM, Chiou YH, Lin KH, Chou MC, Wang LY, Wang YF. Resveratrol induces cell death and inhibits human herpesvirus 8 replication in primary effusion lymphoma cells. Chem Biol Interact 2015; 242:372-9. [PMID: 26549478 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2015.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2015] [Revised: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Resveratrol (3,4',5-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene) has been reported to inhibit proliferation of various cancer cells. However, the effects of resveratrol on the human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8) harboring primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) cells remains unclear. The anti-proliferation effects and possible mechanisms of resveratrol in the HHV8 harboring PEL cells were examined in this study. Results showed that resveratrol induced caspase-3 activation and the formation of acidic vacuoles in the HHV8 harboring PEL cells, indicating resveratrol treatment could cause apoptosis and autophagy in PEL cells. In addition, resveratrol treatment increased ROS generation but did not lead to HHV8 reactivation. ROS scavenger (N-acetyl cysteine, NAC) could attenuate both the resveratrol induced caspase-3 activity and the formation of acidic vacuoles, but failed to attenuate resveratrol induced PEL cell death. Caspase inhibitor, autophagy inhibitors and necroptosis inhibitor could not block resveratrol induced PEL cell death. Moreover, resveratrol disrupted HHV8 latent infection, inhibited HHV8 lytic gene expression and decreased virus progeny production. Overexpression of HHV8-encoded viral FLICE inhibitory protein (vFLIP) could partially block resveratrol induced cell death in PEL cells. These data suggest that resveratrol-induced cell death in PEL cells may be mediated by disruption of HHV8 replication. Resveratrol may be a potential anti-HHV8 drug and an effective treatment for HHV8-related tumors.
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Lee J, Jeon H, Yoo SM, Park J, Lee MS. The role of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infection in the proliferation of human bladder cancer cells. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:2587-96. [PMID: 26392109 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4096-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Existing evidence suggests a possible role of viruses in human bladder cancer development. Recently, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) was reported to be the most frequently detected virus in bladder cancer tissue from Croatian patients on screening with the Lawrence Livermore Microbial Detection Array. In the current study, to investigate the functional roles of KSHV in bladder cancer, five bladder cancer cell lines were infected with KSHV and their tumour progression-associated changes investigated. Four KSHV-infected bladder cancer cell lines were established; two invasive bladder cancer cell lines showed higher proliferation rates than uninfected cells. Additionally, these KSHV-infected invasive bladder cancer cells showed a greater number of colonies, which were also significantly larger than those of uninfected cells, in a soft agar colony formation assay. cDNA microarray analysis showed that various genes associated with cell proliferation and cancer development were upregulated in these KSHV-infected bladder cancer cells. Taken together, we suggest that KSHV infection affects the proliferation of a subset of invasive bladder cancer cells and may therefore play a role in their oncogenic progression. Further studies are required to elucidate the exact mechanism used by KSHV to promote bladder cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisu Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Eulji University School of Medicine, 143-5 Yongdu-dong, Jung-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Hyungtaek Jeon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Eulji University School of Medicine, 143-5 Yongdu-dong, Jung-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Seung-Min Yoo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Eulji University School of Medicine, 143-5 Yongdu-dong, Jung-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jinsung Park
- Department of Urology, Eulji University Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, 1306 Dunsan-dong, Seo-gu, Daejeon, South Korea.
| | - Myung-Shin Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Eulji University School of Medicine, 143-5 Yongdu-dong, Jung-gu, Daejeon, South Korea.
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Choi JW, Kim Y, Lee JH, Kim YS. Human Herpesvirus 8-Negative and Epstein-Barr Virus-Positive Effusion-Based Lymphoma in a Patient with Human Immunodeficiency Virus. J Pathol Transl Med 2015; 49:409-12. [PMID: 26081824 PMCID: PMC4579282 DOI: 10.4132/jptm.2015.06.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Revised: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A 39-year-old man infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was admitted to our hospital because of sudden onset of chest pain. Chest radiography revealed pneumothorax of the right lung. Computed tomographic scans disclosed a 5.8-cm-sized emphysematous bulla in the right middle lobe of the lung. Histologically, the wedge-resected lung showed medium to large atypical cells within the bullous cavity of the Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia, without solid mass formation. These atypical cells were confirmed to be large B-cell lymphoma, Epstein-Barr virus–positive and human herpesvirus 8–negative. Therefore, this case was not diagnosed as primary effusion lymphoma, but effusion-based lymphoma arising in an emphysematous cavity of an HIV-infected patient. This type of effusion-based lymphoma has never been reported, and, although rare, it should be noted in order to clinically diagnose this lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Woo Choi
- Department of Pathology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea
| | - Younghye Kim
- Department of Pathology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea
| | - Ju-Han Lee
- Department of Pathology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea
| | - Young-Sik Kim
- Department of Pathology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea
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Courville EL, Sohani AR, Hasserjian RP, Zukerberg LR, Harris NL, Ferry JA. Diverse clinicopathologic features in human herpesvirus 8-associated lymphomas lead to diagnostic problems. Am J Clin Pathol 2014; 142:816-29. [PMID: 25389336 DOI: 10.1309/ajcpuli3w6wuggpy] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8)-associated lymphomas are uncommon, mainly affect men infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and usually have a poor prognosis. We sought to characterize the HHV8+ lymphomas seen at our institution since the mid-1990s. METHODS We identified 15 patients with HHV8-associated lymphomas and evaluated their clinical and pathologic features. RESULTS Diagnoses included primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) (n = 2), extracavitary PEL (n = 8), intravascular large B-cell lymphoma (n = 1), HHV8+ plasmablastic microlymphoma (n = 3), and germinotropic lymphoproliferative disorder (GLD) (n = 1). The case of GLD progressed to a high-grade HHV8+ Epstein-Barr virus-positive lymphoma, an evolution that has not been previously reported. Four patients were HIV-(three from an HHV8-endemic area). Potentially misleading pathologic features in our series of extracavitary PEL included classic Hodgkin lymphoma-like features, lymph node sinus involvement, and T-cell antigen expression. CONCLUSIONS HHV8-associated lymphomas can be clinically and pathologically heterogeneous, with features that may lead to misdiagnosis as other types of lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth L. Courville
- James Homer Wright Pathology Laboratories of the Massachusetts General Hospital, the Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Aliyah R. Sohani
- James Homer Wright Pathology Laboratories of the Massachusetts General Hospital, the Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Robert P. Hasserjian
- James Homer Wright Pathology Laboratories of the Massachusetts General Hospital, the Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Lawrence R. Zukerberg
- James Homer Wright Pathology Laboratories of the Massachusetts General Hospital, the Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Nancy L. Harris
- James Homer Wright Pathology Laboratories of the Massachusetts General Hospital, the Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Judith A. Ferry
- James Homer Wright Pathology Laboratories of the Massachusetts General Hospital, the Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Usmani A, Walts AE, Patel S, Alkan S, Kitahara S. HHV8-negative effusion based lymphoma: a series of 17 cases at a single institution. J Am Soc Cytopathol 2014; 4:37-43. [PMID: 31051672 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasc.2014.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Revised: 09/26/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Human herpesvirus 8-positive (HHV8+) primary effusion lymphoma is a well-recognized clinicopathologic entity. In contrast, HHV8-negative (HHV8-) effusion-based lymphoma (EBL) is incompletely characterized and under-recognized. We describe 17 cases of HHV8- EBL at our institution. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cytology and available immunohistochemistry and cytogenetics were reviewed. Patient demographics, history, and outcome were obtained from medical records. RESULTS The effusions were pleural (n = 9; 53%), peritoneal (n = 4; 24%), pericardial (n = 3; 18%), and pleural and pericardial (n = 1; 6%). Fifteen cases (88%) were CD20+ and 15 had sufficient information for classification by Hans algorithm (CD10, BCL6, MUM1): 11 (73%) nongerminal center and 4 (27%) germinal center phenotype. Epstein-Barr virus in situ hybridization was negative in 16 cases (94%). Three of 14 cases were MYC+ by immunohistochemistry. Fluorescence in situ hybridization, performed on 5 of the 17 cases, showed a MYC rearrangement in 1 case and a BCL6 rearrangement in 2 cases. Most patients were elderly (median age 86 years) and female (82%). Human immunodeficiency virus testing results, available in 4 patients, were negative. Seven (41%), including 1 of 2 heart transplant recipients, had congestive heart failure. Follow-up (5 days to 12 years) was available for 16 patients including 4 who survived ≥8 years. Only 1 of the 8 known deaths was clinically attributed to lymphoma. CONCLUSIONS HHV8- lymphomas that occur in body cavity effusions without detectable lymphomatous masses are usually composed of large CD20+ lymphoid or lymphoplasmacytoid cells. In contrast to HHV8+ primary effusion lymphoma, patients with HHV8- EBL are usually elderly, lack a documented human immunodeficiency virus-positive history, and have a longer disease specific survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amena Usmani
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Los Angeles, California
| | - Ann E Walts
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Los Angeles, California
| | - Snehalkumar Patel
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Los Angeles, California
| | - Serhan Alkan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Los Angeles, California
| | - Sumire Kitahara
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Los Angeles, California.
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Hensler HR, Tomaszewski MJ, Rappocciolo G, Rinaldo CR, Jenkins FJ. Human herpesvirus 8 glycoprotein B binds the entry receptor DC-SIGN. Virus Res 2014; 190:97-103. [PMID: 25018023 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2014.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Revised: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
We have previously shown that human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) uses DC-SIGN as an entry receptor for dendritic cells, macrophages and B cells. The viral attachment protein for DC-SIGN is unknown. HHV-8 virions contain five conserved herpesvirus glycoproteins, a single unique glycoprotein, and two predicted glycoproteins. Previous studies have shown that DC-SIGN binds highly mannosylated glycoproteins. The HHV-8 glycoprotein B (gB) has been reported to be highly mannosylated, and therefore we hypothesized that gB will bind to DC-SIGN. In this report we confirm that gB has a high mannose carbohydrate structure and demonstrate for the first time that it binds DC-SIGN in a dose-dependent manner. We also identify key amino acids in the DC-SIGN carbohydrate recognition domain that are required for HHV-8 infection and compare these results with published binding regions for ICAM-2/3 and HIV-1 gp120. These results clarify some of the initial events in HHV-8 entry and can be used for the design of targeted preventive therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather R Hensler
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Graduate School of Public Health, Parran Hall, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Monica J Tomaszewski
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Graduate School of Public Health, Parran Hall, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Giovanna Rappocciolo
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Graduate School of Public Health, Parran Hall, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Charles R Rinaldo
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Graduate School of Public Health, Parran Hall, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Frank J Jenkins
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Graduate School of Public Health, Parran Hall, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, 5117 Centre Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
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Gantt S, Cattamanchi A, Krantz E, Magaret A, Selke S, Kuntz SR, Huang ML, Corey L, Wald A, Casper C. Reduced human herpesvirus-8 oropharyngeal shedding associated with protease inhibitor-based antiretroviral therapy. J Clin Virol 2014; 60:127-32. [PMID: 24698158 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2014.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2013] [Revised: 02/21/2014] [Accepted: 03/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) replication increases the risk of Kaposi sarcoma (KS). Highly-active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) reduces the incidence of KS, and regimens that contain protease inhibitors (PIs) may be particularly effective. OBJECTIVE To determine whether PI-based HAART regimens may more effectively inhibit HHV-8 shedding compared to regimens without PIs. STUDY DESIGN Prospective, observational study of 142 HIV-1 and HHV-8 co-infected men conducted in Seattle, Washington. Quantitative HHV-8 PCR testing was performed on daily swabs of the oropharynx, the primary site of HHV-8 replication. Associations between antiretroviral regimen and detection of HHV-8 DNA in swabs were evaluated using generalized estimating equations. RESULTS HHV-8 DNA was detected in 3016 (26%) of 11,608 specimens collected. PI-based HAART was associated with a statistically significantly lower frequency of detection (RR 0.2; 95% CI 0.1-0.5) compared to ART-naïve persons, whereas HAART without a PI was not (RR 0.7; 95% CI 0.4-1.3). Compared to ART-naïve persons, there was also a trend toward lower quantities of HHV-8 detected during treatment with HAART regimens that contained a PI. These associations between PIs and measures of HHV-8 shedding could not be attributed to use of nelfinavir, which inhibits HHV-8 replication in vitro, and were independent of CD4 count and HIV plasma viral load (VL). CONCLUSIONS HAART regimens that contain PIs appear to decrease HHV-8 shedding compared to NNRTIs. Further study of PI-based HAART is warranted to determine the optimal regimens for prevention and treatment of KS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soren Gantt
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, USA; Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA; Vaccine and Infectious Disease, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | | | - Elizabeth Krantz
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Amalia Magaret
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, USA; Vaccine and Infectious Disease, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Stacy Selke
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, USA
| | - Steven R Kuntz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, USA
| | - Meei-Li Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, USA
| | - Lawrence Corey
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, USA; Vaccine and Infectious Disease, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA; Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA; Clinical Research Divisions, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Anna Wald
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, USA; Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, USA; Vaccine and Infectious Disease, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Corey Casper
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, USA; Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, USA; Department of Global Health, University of Washington, USA; Vaccine and Infectious Disease, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA; Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA; Clinical Research Divisions, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
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Lee D, Chun JS, Hong SK, Kang MS, Seo JK, Koh JK, Sung HS. Kaposi sarcoma in a patient with chronic renal failure undergoing dialysis. Ann Dermatol 2013; 25:475-8. [PMID: 24371396 PMCID: PMC3870217 DOI: 10.5021/ad.2013.25.4.475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2011] [Revised: 09/21/2011] [Accepted: 09/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is a multicentric proliferative vascular tumor involving the skin and other organs. Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) has been detected in KS lesions and is considered the putative causative agent of KS. The relationship between chronic renal failure, HHV-8, and KS is not clear. KS appears to develop in association with renal transplantation, but is unlikely with dialysis, and there have been few reports on this. Here, we report the case of a 51-year-old man, who underwent peritoneal dialysis to treat chronic renal failure, and presented with multiple brownish plaques on his soles. On histopathological examination, abnormally proliferated vessels, vascular slits, and spindle-shaped cells were seen in the dermis. Immunohistochemical staining for HHV-8 was positive. This case is another example in which factors other than immunosuppression contributed to the development of KS, due to activation of HHV-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Ji-Sung Chun
- Department of Dermatology, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Soon-Kwon Hong
- Department of Dermatology, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Mi-Seon Kang
- Department of Pathology, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Jong-Keun Seo
- Department of Dermatology, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Jae-Kyoung Koh
- Department of Dermatology, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Ho-Suk Sung
- Department of Dermatology, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
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Cornett D, Benson M, Attia S, Weiss J, Gopal D. Metastatic Kaposi's Sarcoma with Perirectal Involvement Diagnosed with Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided EchoBrush Cytology Sampling. Case Rep Gastroenterol 2011; 5:416-21. [PMID: 21829398 PMCID: PMC3151002 DOI: 10.1159/000330480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is a low-grade vascular tumor that occurs in association with human herpesvirus 8 infection. Here we report the case of a 21-year-old male with recently diagnosed cutaneous KS who presented with rectal bleeding and anal pruritus. Initial endoscopic evaluation was nondiagnostic. CT imaging showed diffuse lymphadenopathy including perirectal involvement which was suspicious for metastatic KS. Echoendoscopy with needle biopsies and EchoBrush sampling of the lymph nodes revealed spindle cells confirming metastatic KS. Treatment was initiated with liposomal doxorubicin resulting in rapid improvement of the skin lesions. After treatment completion, repeat CT imaging showed improved lymphadenopathy. No further rectal bleeding or perianal pruritus was reported. Although the EchoBrush has previously been used to aid in the diagnosis of pancreatic lesions, this report describes a novel use of EchoBrush to diagnose KS from perirectal lymph nodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Cornett
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics, Madison, Wisc., USA
| | - Mark Benson
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics, Madison, Wisc., USA
| | - Steven Attia
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics, Madison, Wisc., USA
| | - Jennifer Weiss
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics, Madison, Wisc., USA
| | - Deepak Gopal
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics, Madison, Wisc., USA
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Abstract
Diffuse intestinal Kaposi's sarcoma shares macroscopic and histopathologic features with gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Correct diagnosis may pose a clinical challenge. We describe the case of a young HIV-1-infected African lady without advanced immunodeficiency, who presented with a diffuse spindle cell tumor of the gut. Initial diagnosis was of a gastrointestinal stromal tumor, based on endoscopy and histopathology. Further evaluation revealed evidence for human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8) and the diagnosis had to be changed to diffuse intestinal Kaposi’s sarcoma. Antiretroviral triple therapy together with chemotherapy was commenced, and has led to the rapid remission of intestinal lesions. With a background of HIV infection, the presence of HHV8 as the causative agent of Kaposi’s sarcoma should be determined, as distinct treatment is indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Zoufaly
- Department of Medicine 1, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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