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Benekos AK, Vasiliadou IA, Tekerlekopoulou AG, Alexandropoulou M, Pavlou S, Katsaounis A, Vayenas DV. Groundwater denitrification using a continuous flow mode hybrid system combining a hydrogenotrophic biofilter and an electrooxidation cell. J Environ Manage 2023; 339:117914. [PMID: 37086640 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
An attached-growth continuous flow hydrogenotrophic denitrification system was investigated for groundwater treatment. Two bench-scale packed-bed reactors were used in series, without external pH adjustment or carbon source addition, while inorganic carbonate salts already contained in the groundwater were the sole carbon source used by the denitrifying bacteria. The hydrogen was produced by water electrolysis using renewable energy sources thus minimizing resource-draining factors of the treatment process. The biofilter was subjected to a combination of three groundwater retention times (13.5, 27 and 54 min, corresponding to 20, 10 and 5 mL min-1 inlet water flow rates) and two hydrogen flow values (10 and 20 mL min-1) to evaluate its efficiency under different operating parameters. In all cases, significant nitrate percentage removals were achieved, ranged between 64.1% and 100%. The treatment process appears to slow down with lower retention times and H2 flow rate values, although residual nitrate concentrations were always in the range of 0-5.1 mg L-1, values below the maximum permitted limit of 11.3 mg L-1. In cases where nitrite accumulation was detected, a continuous flow electrochemical oxidation process with three different current density values (5.0, 7.5 and 10.0 mA cm-2) was examined as a post-treatment step aiming to completely remove the toxic nitrite anions. Finally, an advanced mathematical model of the attached growth hydrogenotrophic denitrification process was developed to predict concentrations of all the substrates examined in the bio-filter (nitrate, nitrite, inorganic carbon and hydrogen).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas K Benekos
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, Rio, GR-26504, Patras, Greece
| | - Ioanna A Vasiliadou
- Department of Civil Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace, GR-67100, Xanthi, Greece.
| | | | - Maria Alexandropoulou
- Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), Stadiou Str., Platani, GR-26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Stavros Pavlou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, Rio, GR-26504, Patras, Greece; Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), Stadiou Str., Platani, GR-26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Alexandros Katsaounis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, Rio, GR-26504, Patras, Greece
| | - Dimitris V Vayenas
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, Rio, GR-26504, Patras, Greece; Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), Stadiou Str., Platani, GR-26504 Patras, Greece
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2
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Han Y, Yang P, Feng Y, Wang N, Yuan X, An J, Liu J, Li N, He W. Liquid-gas phase transition enables microbial electrolysis and H2-based membrane biofilm hybrid system to degrade organic pollution and achieve effective hydrogenotrophic denitrification of groundwater. Chemosphere 2023; 331:138819. [PMID: 37127198 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Electron-donor Lacking was the limiting factor for the denitrification of oligotrophic groundwater and hydrogenotrophic denitrification provided an efficient approach without secondary pollution. In this study, a hybrid system with microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) assisted hydrogen-based membrane biofilm reactor (MBfR) was established for advanced groundwater denitrification. The liquid-gas phase transition prevented the potential pollution from organic wastes in MEC to groundwater, while the bubble-free diffusion of MBfR promoted hydrogen utilization efficiency. The negative-pressure extraction from MEC and the positive pressure for gas supply into MBfR increased the hydrogen proportion and current density of MEC, and improved the kinetic constant K of the denitrification reaction in MBfR. With actual groundwater, the MEC-MBfR hybrid system achieved a nitrate reduction of 97.8% with an effluent NO3--N of 2.2 ± 1.0 mg L-1. The hydrogenotrophic denitrifiers of Thauera, Pannonibacter, and Azonexus, dominated the denitrification biofilm on the membrane and elastic filler in MBfR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Han
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Academy of Ecology and Environment, Tianjin University, No. 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Pinpin Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Academy of Ecology and Environment, Tianjin University, No. 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yujie Feng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Academy of Ecology and Environment, Tianjin University, No. 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Naiyu Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Academy of Ecology and Environment, Tianjin University, No. 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xiaole Yuan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Academy of Ecology and Environment, Tianjin University, No. 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Jingkun An
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Academy of Ecology and Environment, Tianjin University, No. 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Jia Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Academy of Ecology and Environment, Tianjin University, No. 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Nan Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Academy of Ecology and Environment, Tianjin University, No. 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Weihua He
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150090, China.
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Kong Z, Wang H, Yan G, Yan Q, Kim JR. Limited dissolved oxygen facilitated nitrogen removal at biocathode during the hydrogenotrophic denitrification process using bioelectrochemical system. Bioresour Technol 2023; 372:128662. [PMID: 36693505 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.128662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Effects of limited dissolved oxygen (DO) on hydrogenotrophic denitrification at biocathode was investigated using bioelectrochemical system. It was found that total nitrogen removal increased by 5.9%, as DO reached about 0.24 mg/L with the cathodic chamber unplugged (group R_Exposure). With the presence of limited DO, not only the nitrogen metabolic pathway was influenced, but the composition of microbial communities of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria were enriched accordingly. After metagenomic analysis, enriched genes in R_Exposure were found to be associated with nearly each of nitrogen removal steps as denitrification, nitrification, DNRA, nitrate assimilation and even nitrogen fixation. Moreover, genes encoding both Complexes III and IV constituted the electron transfer chain were significantly enriched, indicating that more electrons would be orientated to the reduction of NO2--N, NO-N and oxygen. Therefore, enhanced nitrogen removal could be attained through the co-respiration of nitrate and oxygen by means of NH4+-N oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziang Kong
- School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Han Wang
- School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Guoliang Yan
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, 17 East Tsinghua Rd, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qun Yan
- School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Wuxi 214122, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou 215011, China.
| | - Jung Rae Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, 63 Busandeahak-ro, Geumjeong-Gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
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4
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Wang S, Wang Y, Li P, Wang L, Su Q, Zuo J. Development and characterizations of hydrogenotrophic denitrification granular process: Nitrogen removal capacity and adaptability. Bioresour Technol 2022; 363:127973. [PMID: 36122846 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogenotrophic denitrification (HD) is a promising autotrophic biological process for advanced nitrogen removal, while sludge granulation was seldom reported. This study aimed to cultivate granular sludge to improve capacity and stability of HD process. The resulting HD granular sludge performed high nitrogen removal rate (NRR) of 0.42 ± 0.0.4 kgN/(m3·d) with low accumulation of nitrite and nitrous oxide emission. HD granular sludge reactor performed over 3 times higher NRR compared to that in HD fixed-bed biofilm reactor (0.13 ± 0.01 kgN/(m3·d). Besides, granular sludge reactor could treat groundwater well even at the low temperature of 15 °C. The dominant genera were Hydrogenophaga and Comamonas in granular sludge, and Dechloromonas in biofilm. Noticeably, sulfate in the groundwater stimulated the growth of sulfur converting microbes with increasing abundances of sulfite reductase gene and sulfate-reducing bacteria Desulfovibrio. This study highlights the potential implementation of HD process in granular sludge reactor for advance nitrogen removal from impaired groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sike Wang
- Department of Material and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen 518055, China; Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yajiao Wang
- Institute for Environmental Genomics and Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73072, USA; State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Peng Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Li Wang
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Qingxian Su
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs., Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Jiane Zuo
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China; State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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Xue L, Chen N, Zhao J, Yang C, Feng C. Rice husk-intensified cathode driving bioelectrochemical reactor for remediating nitrate-contaminated groundwater. Sci Total Environ 2022; 837:155917. [PMID: 35568175 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
To achieve economical and eco-friendly denitrification, rice husk-intensified cathode driving bioelectrochemical reactor (RCBER) was constructed with rice husk as solid-phase carbon source and microbial carrier. Results demonstrated that the application of current improved the utilization of rice husk and enhanced the denitrification, and the quenching of anodic hydroxyl radicals by rice husk also improved the microbial resistance to current. The highest nitrate removal rate as 0.34 mg-N/(L∙d), higher economic benefits, i.e., current efficiency as 31.6% and energy consumption as 2.43 kWh/g NO3--N, and the highest environmental benefit, i.e., hydrogenotrophic denitrification contribution as 37.9%, were obtained at 200 mA/m2. The best performance at 200 mA/m2 was related to its better microenvironment, such as lower accumulation of anodic by-products and higher bioavailability of rice husks, as well as higher microbial metabolic activity, such as stable extracellular polymeric substance, the maximum electron transport system activity as 11.63 ± 0.14 μg O2·g-1·min-1·mg protein-1 and the highest activity of nitrate reductase (3.15-fold that of control check). The application of current realized the coexistence of heterotrophic and hydrogenotrophic denitrifiers, and multiple functional bacteria such as anaerobic denitrifiers Flavobacterium, aerobic denitrifiers Comamonas, hydrogenotrophic denitrifiers Thermomonas and electron transfer-related Enterobacter coexisted at 200 mA/m2, thereby improving RCBER's adaptability to the complex microenvironment. This study provides the theoretical basis for realizing a win-win situation of environmental pollution remediation and agricultural waste disposal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijing Xue
- School of Water Resources and Environment, MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Nan Chen
- School of Water Resources and Environment, MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jiamin Zhao
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Chen Yang
- College of Resource and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - Chuanping Feng
- School of Water Resources and Environment, MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China.
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Liang D, He W, Li C, Wang F, Crittenden JC, Feng Y. Remediation of nitrate contamination by membrane hydrogenotrophic denitrifying biofilm integrated in microbial electrolysis cell. Water Res 2021; 188:116498. [PMID: 33080455 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Complete biological denitrification is usually restricted in electron donor lacking waters. Hydrogenotrophic denitrification attracts attention for its clean and cost-efficiency advantages. Therein, the hydrogen could be effectively generated by microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) from organic wastes. In this study, a gas diffusion membrane (GDM) integrated MEC (MMEC) was constructed and provided a novel non-polluting approach for nitrate contaminated water remediation, in which the hydrogen was recovered from substrate degradation in anode and diffused across GDM as electron donor for denitrification. The high overall nitrogen removal of 91 ± 0.1%-95 ± 1.9% and 90 ± 1.6%-94 ± 2.2% were respectively achieved in Ti-MMEC and SS-MMEC with titanium and stainless-steel mesh as cathode at all applied voltages (0.4-0.8 V). Decreasing applied voltage from 0.8 to 0.4 V significantly improved the electron utilization efficiency for denitrification from 26 ± 3.6% to 73 ± 0.1% in Ti-MMEC. Integrating MEC with GDM greatly improved TN removal by 40% under applied voltage of 0.8 V. The hydrogenotrophic denitrifiers of Rhodocyclaceae, Paracoccus, and Dethiobacter, dominated in MMECs facilitating TN removal. Functional denitrification related genes including napAB, nirKS, norBC and nosZ predicted by PICRUSt2 based on 16S rRNA gene data demonstrated higher abundance in MMECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, P. R. China
| | - Weihua He
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, P. R. China.
| | - Chao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, P. R. China
| | - Fei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, P. R. China
| | - John C Crittenden
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, P. R. China; Brook Byers Institute for Sustainable Systems and School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 828 West Peachtree Street, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States
| | - Yujie Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, P. R. China.
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Rodziewicz J, Mielcarek A, Janczukowicz W, Jóźwiak T, Struk-Sokołowska J, Bryszewski K. The share of electrochemical reduction, hydrogenotrophic and heterotrophic denitrification in nitrogen removal in rotating electrobiological contactor (REBC) treating wastewater from soilless cultivation systems. Sci Total Environ 2019; 683:21-28. [PMID: 31129328 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing global environmental problem of agricultural wastewater from soilless plant cultivation systems. In most countries dominate open fertilization systems, in which excess of nutrient solution is discharged in an uncontrolled way into the ground inside greenhouses or adjacent areas. Wastewater from such systems is characterized by a very high concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus compounds and their discharge into the environment causes significant pollution of the water and soil environment. The goal of the research was to determine the contribution of electrochemical reduction of nitrogen, hydrogenotrophic and heterotrophic denitrification in the process of nitrogen removal in a rotating electrobiological contactor (REBC) depending on hydraulic retention time (HRT) and electric current density (J). Synthetic sewage with characteristics corresponding to wastewater from soilless cultivation of tomatoes was the subject of the research. The first part of the experiment included determination of the effect of HRT on the effectiveness of bio-processes of nutrients removal in a rotating biological contactor (RBC). The second concerned the effect of HRT and J on the effectiveness of nutrients removal in a rotating electrochemical contactor (RECC), while the third part - the effect of HRT and J on the effectiveness of nutrients removal in REBC. RBC was characterized by low efficiency of denitrification (6.2 to 9.2%). The effectiveness of nitrogen removal in RECC was determined by both electric current density and hydraulic retention time. The highest efficiency was 53.4%. REBC nitrogen removal effectiveness was higher than in RBC and in RECC. The nitrogen removal efficiency increased along with increasing values of HRT, reaching the maximum value of 68.6% for J=10.0A/m2 and HRT=24h. The contribution of hydrogenotrophic denitrification in total nitrogen removal increased with the increase of electric current density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Rodziewicz
- University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Department of Environment Engineering, Warszawska St. 117a, Olsztyn 10-719, Poland.
| | - Artur Mielcarek
- University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Department of Environment Engineering, Warszawska St. 117a, Olsztyn 10-719, Poland.
| | - Wojciech Janczukowicz
- University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Department of Environment Engineering, Warszawska St. 117a, Olsztyn 10-719, Poland.
| | - Tomasz Jóźwiak
- University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Department of Environment Engineering, Warszawska St. 117a, Olsztyn 10-719, Poland.
| | - Joanna Struk-Sokołowska
- Bialystok University of Technology, Department of Environmental Engineering Technology and Systems, Wiejska St. 45E, Bialystok 15-351, Poland.
| | - Kamil Bryszewski
- University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Department of Environment Engineering, Warszawska St. 117a, Olsztyn 10-719, Poland.
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Wang Y, Li P, Zuo J, Gong Y, Wang S, Shi X, Zhang M. Inhibition by free nitrous acid (FNA) and the electron competition of nitrite in nitrous oxide (N 2O) reduction during hydrogenotrophic denitrification. Chemosphere 2018; 213:1-10. [PMID: 30205270 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.08.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogenotrophic denitrification is a promising technology for nitrate removal from organic-deficient wastewater or groundwater, and the attention of nitrous oxide (N2O) emission during this process is required. Both nitrite and free nitrous acid (FNA or HNO2) were reported to exert significant effects on N2O reduction in heterotrophic denitrification, whereas, little knowledge has been obtained in hydrogenotrophic denitrification. In this study, we conducted a series of batch tests to comprehensively investigate the effects of nitrite, pH and FNA on N2O production and reduction in a hydrogenotrophic denitrification process. The results showed that N2O reduction rate decreased under both conditions of low pH and presence of nitrite, which would exert synergetic inhibition on N2O reduction. The potential mechanisms that give rise to the results included electron competition and FNA inhibition. Electron competition between nitrite and N2O reductases occurred when both nitrite and N2O were added, which might contribute to the decrease in the N2O reduction rate. The electron supply, which was obtained from the uptake of molecular hydrogen, declined with increasing FNA concentration according to a logarithmic model (R2 = 0.9240). Additionally, the electron consumption rate of N2O reductase to nitrite reductase ratio was initially stable and then decreased with increasing FNA concentration. The inhibition of N2O reduction by FNA was determined to be reversible. The study suggested that both of the electron supply and N2O reduction in hydrogenotrophic denitrification could be inhibited by FNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajiao Wang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Peng Li
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China; State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jiane Zuo
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Yutao Gong
- Duke University, PO Box 94279, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Sike Wang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xuchuan Shi
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Mengyu Zhang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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Epsztein R, Beliavski M, Tarre S, Green M. Pressurized hydrogenotrophic denitrification reactor for small water systems. J Environ Manage 2018; 216:315-319. [PMID: 28318828 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The implementation of hydrogenotrophic denitrification is limited due to safety concerns, poor H2 utilization and low solubility of H2 gas with the resulting low transfer rate. The current paper presents the main research work conducted on a pressurized hydrogenotrophic reactor for denitrification that was recently developed. The reactor is based on a new concept suggesting that a gas-liquid equilibrium is achieved in the closed headspace of denitrifying reactor, further produced N2 gas is carried out by the effluent and gas purging is not required. The feasibility of the proposed reactor was shown for two effluent concentrations of 10 and 1 mg NO3--N/L. Hydrogen gas utilization efficiencies of 92.8% and 96.9% were measured for the two effluent concentrations, respectively. Reactor modeling predicted high denitrification rates above 4 g NO3--N/(Lreactor·d) at reasonable operational conditions. Hydrogen utilization efficiency was improved up to almost 100% by combining the pressurized reactor with a following open-to-atmosphere polishing unit. Also, the potential of the reactor to remove ClO4- was shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razi Epsztein
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel.
| | - Michael Beliavski
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Sheldon Tarre
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Michal Green
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
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Xing W, Li J, Li P, Wang C, Cao Y, Li D, Yang Y, Zhou J, Zuo J. Effects of residual organics in municipal wastewater on hydrogenotrophic denitrifying microbial communities. J Environ Sci (China) 2018; 65:262-270. [PMID: 29548397 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogenotrophic denitrification is promising for tertiary nitrogen removal from municipal wastewater. To reveal the influence of residual organics in municipal wastewater on hydrogenotrophic denitrifiers, we adopted high-throughput 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing to examine microbial communities in hydrogenotrophic denitrification enrichments. Using effluent from a municipal wastewater treatment plant as water source, COD, nitrate and pH were controlled the same except for a gradient of biodegradable carbon (i.e., primary effluent (PE), secondary effluent (SE), or combined primary and secondary effluent (CE)). Inorganic synthetic water (IW) was used as a control. Hydrogenophaga, a major facultative autotroph, accounted for 17.1%, 5.3%, 32.7% and 12.9% of the sequences in PE, CE, SE and IW, respectively, implicating that Hydrogenophaga grew well with or without organics. Thauera, which contains likely obligate autotrophic denitrifiers, appeared to be the most dominant genera (23.6%) in IW and accounted for 2.5%, 4.6% and 8.9% in PE, CE and SE, respectively. Thermomonas, which is related to heterotrophic denitrification, accounted for 4.2% and 7.9% in PE and CE fed with a higher content of labile organics, respectively. In contrast, Thermomonas was not detected in IW and accounted for only 0.6% in SE. Our results suggest that Thermomonas are more competitive than Thauera in hydrogenotrophic denitrification with biodegradable organics. Moreover, facultative autotrophic denitrifiers, Hydrogenophaga, are accommodating to residual organic in effluent wastewater, thus we propose that hydrogenotrophic denitrification is amenable for tertiary nitrogen removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xing
- School of Civil Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, Beijing 100044, China.
| | - Jinlong Li
- School of Civil Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Peng Li
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Chong Wang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; College of Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yanan Cao
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Desheng Li
- School of Civil Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Yunfeng Yang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jizhong Zhou
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Institute for Environmental Genomics and Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA; Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Jiane Zuo
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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Epsztein R, Beliavski M, Tarre S, Green M. Submerged bed versus unsaturated flow reactor: A pressurized hydrogenotrophic denitrification reactor as a case study. Chemosphere 2016; 161:151-156. [PMID: 27424057 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Revised: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The paper compares the main features of a submerged bed reactor (SuBR) with bubbling and recirculation of gas to those of an unsaturated flow reactor (uSFR) with liquid recirculation. A novel pressurized closed-headspace hydrogenotrophic denitrification system characterized by safe and economic utilization of H2 gas was used for the comparison. Under similar conditions, denitrification rates were lower in the SuBR as a result of a lower effective biofilm surface area and overall gas-liquid mass transfer coefficient kLa. Similar values of effluent DOC were achieved for both reactors, although effluent suspended solids concentration of the SuBR were substantially higher. On the other hand, the required cleaning frequency in the SuBR was 2.5 times lower. Moreover, the SuBR is expected to reduce the recirculation energy consumption by 0.35 kWh/m(3) treated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razi Epsztein
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel.
| | - Michael Beliavski
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Sheldon Tarre
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Michal Green
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
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Deng S, Li D, Yang X, Zhu S, Li J. Process of nitrogen transformation and microbial community structure in the Fe(0)-carbon-based bio-carrier filled in biological aerated filter. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2016; 23:6621-6630. [PMID: 26638971 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5892-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen pollutants in low-organic carbon wastewater are difficult to biodegrade. Therefore, the Fe(0)-carbon-based bio-carrier (FCBC) was firstly used as hydrogen producer in a biological-aerated filter (BAF) to make up for the lack of organic carbon in biological nitrogen removal. Physical and chemical properties of FCBC were detected and compared in this study. The nitrogen removal rate for low COD/TN ratio wastewater, nitrogen transformation process, and microbial communities in the FCBC filled in BAF were investigated. Results showed that the nitrogen removal rates was 0.38-0.41 kg N m(-3) day(-1) in the FCBC filled BAF and reached 0.62 kg N m(-3) day(-1) within the filter depth of 60-80 cm, under the conditions of the dissolved oxygen 3.5 ± 0.2 mg L(-1) and the inlet pH 7.2 ± 0.1. Hydrogenophaga (using hydrogen as electron donor), Sphaerotilus (absorbing [Fe(3+)]), Nitrospira (nitrificaion), and Nitrosomonas (ammonia oxidation) were found to be the predominant genera in the reactor. The reaction schemes in the FCBC filled in BAF was calculated: hydrogen and [Fe(3+)] were produced by Fe(0)-C galvanic cells in the FCBC, ammonia was oxidized into nitrate by Nitrosomonas and Nitrospira genera, hydrogen was used as electron donors by Hydrogenophaga genus to reduce nitrate into N2, and [Fe(3+)] was partly absorbed by Sphaerotilus and diverted via sludge discharging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihai Deng
- School of Civil Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China
| | - Desheng Li
- School of Civil Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xue Yang
- School of Civil Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanbin Zhu
- School of Civil Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinlong Li
- School of Civil Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China
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Li P, Xing W, Zuo J, Tang L, Wang Y, Lin J. Hydrogenotrophic denitrification for tertiary nitrogen removal from municipal wastewater using membrane diffusion packed-bed bioreactor. Bioresour Technol 2013; 144:452-459. [PMID: 23890978 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.06.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2013] [Revised: 06/16/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A lab-scale membrane diffusion packed-bed bioreactor was used to investigate hydrogenotrophic denitrification for tertiary nitrogen removal from municipal wastewater. After start-up, the bioreactor had been operated for 165 days by stepwise increasing influent loading rates at 30 and 15°C. The results indicated that this bioreactor could achieve relatively high nitrogen removal efficiencies. The denitrification rates reached 0.250 and 0.230 kg N/(m(3)d) at 30 and 15°C respectively. The total nitrogen concentration in effluent was entirely below 2.0 mg/L at the steady operation state. The average increase of total organic carbon in effluent was approximately 0.41 mg/L, suggesting the risk of organic residue can be completely controlled. Dissolved oxygen (DO) did not show obviously negative effects on hydrogenotrophic denitrification. There was only slight decrease of DO concentration in effluent, which demonstrated almost all of the hydrogen was used for nitrate reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Li
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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