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Fakharian P, Taghavi F, Kianmehr Z, Atashian M. Inhibitory effects of thymol and carvacrol on heme degradation and oxidative products due to tartrazine: In silico and in vitro studies. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24576. [PMID: 38312565 PMCID: PMC10835315 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The pathology of many diseases arises from oxidative stress and cell destruction. Antioxidant application is one of the most important ways for oxidative stress prevention in the cells and its consequent effects. The present study investigated the natural antioxidants inhibitory effects of thymol and carvacrol on human hemoglobin treated with tartrazine. Purified hemoglobin from human blood samples was treated with tartrazine alone or in combination with mentioned natural antioxidants (thymol and carvacrol). Treated samples were picked up at regular time intervals and changes were followed by UV-visible and fluorescence spectroscopic assays, and circular dichroism spectroscopy (CD). The result of fluorescence spectroscopy revealed that thymol and carvacrol prevented the production of heme-degradation products and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) caused by hemoglobin oxidation with tartrazine. The results of UV-visible and fluorescence spectroscopy revealed the positive effect of these antioxidants on preserving Hb folding, heme, and especially the porphyrin ring surrounding the microenvironment. The results of the circular dichroism (CD) assay showed the protection of alpha helix structure in hemoglobin treated with thymol and carvacrol compared to the control sample. The mentioned antioxidants caused hemoglobin resistance against tartrazine's destructive effect by preventing both heme degradation and glycemic toxins formation and thus reducing the rate of oxidative processes. This matter can be important for various pharmaceutical, health, and cosmetic industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvaneh Fakharian
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Taghavi
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Kianmehr
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Atashian
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Khan ZUH, Latif S, Abdulaziz F, Shah NS, Imran M, Muhammad N, Iqbal J, Shahid M, Salam MA, Khasim S, Khan HU. Photocatalytic response in water pollutants with addition of biomedical and anti-leishmanial study of iron oxide nanoparticles. J Photochem Photobiol B 2022; 234:112544. [PMID: 35994971 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2022.112544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Public health is a major concern globally, owing to the presence of industrial dyes in the effluent. Nanoparticles with green synthesis are an enthralling research field with various applications. This study deals with investigating the photocatalytic potential of Fe-oxide nanoparticles (FeO-NPs) for the degradation of methylene blue dye and their potential biomedical investigations. Biosynthesis using Anthemis tomentosa flower extract showed to be an effective method for the synthesis of FeO-NPs. The freshly prepared FeO-NPs were characterized through UV/Vis spectroscopy showing clear peak at 318 nm. The prepared FeO-NPs were of smaller size and spherical shape having large surface area and porosity with no aggregations. The FeO-NPs were characterized using XRD, FTIR, HRTEM, SEM and EDX. The HRTEM results showed that the particle size of FeO-NPs was 60-90 nm. The antimicrobial properties of FeO-NPs were investigated against two bacterial Staphylococcus aureus 13 (±0.8) and Klebsiella pneumoniae 6(±0.6) and three fungal species Aspergillus Niger, Aspergillus flavus, and Aspergillus fumigatus exhibiting a maximum reduction of 57% 47% and 50%, respectively. Moreover, FeO-NPs exhibited high antioxidant properties evaluated against ascorbic acid. Overall, this study showed high photocatalytic, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties of FeO-NPs owing to their small size and large surface area. However, the ecotoxicity study of methylene blue degradation products showed potential toxicity to aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zia Ul Haq Khan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, 61100, Pakistan.
| | - Salman Latif
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of H'ail, H'ail 81451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Abdulaziz
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of H'ail, H'ail 81451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noor Samad Shah
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, 61100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, 61100, Pakistan
| | - Nawshad Muhammad
- Department of Dental Material Sciences, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Jibran Iqbal
- College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, P.O. Box 144534, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, 61100, Pakistan
| | - Mohamed Abdel Salam
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O Box 80200, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Khasim
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia; Nanotechnology Research Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hidayat Ullah Khan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology, Bannu 28100, KPK, Pakistan
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Bilal M, Rasheed T, Iqbal HMN, Yan Y. Peroxidases-assisted removal of environmentally-related hazardous pollutants with reference to the reaction mechanisms of industrial dyes. Sci Total Environ 2018; 644:1-13. [PMID: 29980079 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.06.274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Environmental protection is one of the most important challenges for the humankind. Increasing number of emerging pollutants resulting from industrial/human-made activities represents a serious menace to the ecological and environmental equilibrium. Industrial dyes, endocrine disrupters, pesticides, phenols and halogenated phenols, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls, and other xenobiotics are among the top priority environmental pollutants. Some classical remediation approaches including physical, chemical and biological are being employed, but are ineffective in cleaning the environment. Enzyme-catalyzed transformation reactions are gearing accelerating attention in this context as potential alternatives to classical chemical methods. Peroxidases are catalysts able to decontaminate an array of toxic compounds by a free radical mechanism resulting in oxidized or depolymerized products along with a significant toxicity reduction. Admittedly, enzymatic catalysis offers the hallmark of high chemo-, regio-, and enantioselectivity and superior catalytic efficiency under given reaction environment. Moreover, enzymes are considered more benign, socially acceptable and greener production routes since derived from the renewable and sustainable feedstock. Regardless of their versatility and potential use in environmental processes, several limitations, such as heterologous production, catalytic stability, and redox potential should be overcome to implement peroxidases at large-scale transformation and bio-elimination of recalcitrant pollutants. In this article, a critical review of the transformation of different types of hazardous pollutants by peroxidases, with special reference to the proposed reaction mechanisms of several dyes is presented. Following that major challenges for industrial and environmental applications of peroxidases are also discussed. Towards the end, the information is also given on miscellaneous applications of peroxidases, concluding remarks and outlook.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Bilal
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, China
| | - Tahir Rasheed
- The School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Hafiz M N Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, NL CP 64849, Mexico.
| | - Yunjun Yan
- Key Lab of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, China.
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Alcocer S, Picos A, Uribe AR, Pérez T, Peralta-Hernández JM. Comparative study for degradation of industrial dyes by electrochemical advanced oxidation processes with BDD anode in a laboratory stirred tank reactor. Chemosphere 2018; 205:682-689. [PMID: 29729622 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.04.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Comparative degradation of the industrial dyes Blue BR, Violet SBL and Brown MF 50 mg L-1 has been studied by the electrochemical oxidation (EOx), electro-Fenton (EF), photoelectro-Fenton (PEF) process based on BDD electrode. Each dye was tested in 0.05 mM Na2SO4 with 0.5 mM Fe2+ at pH 3.0, and electrolyzed in a stirred tank reactor under galvanostatic conditions with 2.0, 5.0, 7.0, 11.0 and 18.0 mA cm-2. Dyes were oxidized via hydroxyl radicals (OH) formed at the BDD anode from water oxidation coupled with Fenton's reaction cathodically produced hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Under Na2SO4 medium close to 100% the decolorization was achieved. Through the color abatement rate the dyes behavior was analyzed at the beginning of the oxidation process. Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC) was tested to evaluate the degradation. From DOC removal, it was established an increasing relative oxidation power of the EOx < EF < PEF, according with their decolorization trend. This study highlights the potential of the electrochemical/BDD process for the degradation of industrial dyes found in wastewaters under appropriate experimental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvador Alcocer
- Departamento de Química, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Campus Guanajuato. Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Gto, 36050, Mexico; Departamento de Ingeniería Química, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Campus Guanajuato. Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Gto, 36050, Mexico
| | - Alain Picos
- Departamento de Química, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Campus Guanajuato. Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Gto, 36050, Mexico
| | - Agustín R Uribe
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Campus Guanajuato. Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Gto, 36050, Mexico
| | - Tzayam Pérez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Campus Guanajuato. Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Gto, 36050, Mexico.
| | - Juan M Peralta-Hernández
- Departamento de Química, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Campus Guanajuato. Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Gto, 36050, Mexico.
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