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Thornton EM, Dys SP, Sierra Hernandez C, Smith RJ, Moretti MM. Parent-Youth Attachment Insecurity and Informant Discrepancies of Intrafamilial Aggression. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2024:10.1007/s10578-023-01662-2. [PMID: 38361075 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-023-01662-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated how youth attachment anxiety and avoidance are associated with informant discrepancies of intrafamilial aggression within families where youth have clinically significant mental health challenges (N = 510 youth-parent dyads). Using polynomial regressions, we tested whether youth attachment avoidance and anxiety moderated the absolute magnitude of the association between youth- and parent-reports of aggression toward each other. Furthermore, difference scores were computed to test whether youth attachment was associated with the direction of youths' reports of the frequency of aggression relative to parents (i.e., did youth under- or over-report). Dyads' reports of youth-to-parent aggression were more strongly related at high than low levels of attachment anxiety. Results also revealed that youth attachment anxiety was associated with youth over-reporting of youth-to-parent and parent-to-youth aggression (relative to parents), whereas attachment avoidance was associated with youth over-reporting parent-to-youth aggression (relative to parents). These findings highlight the importance of understanding the source of informant discrepancies in social-emotional development and family functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily M Thornton
- Department of Psychology, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd E, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Sebastian P Dys
- Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Carlos Sierra Hernandez
- Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Ryan J Smith
- Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Marlene M Moretti
- Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada.
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2
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Lamela D, Pasion R, Costa R, Pinto TM, Morais A, Jongenelen I. Mother-child reporting discrepancies of child physical abuse: Associations with internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Child Abuse Negl 2024; 147:106575. [PMID: 38041965 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2023.106575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mother-child discrepancies frequently occur in reports of child physical abuse. Such report discrepancies raise important challenges for interpreting and integrating data from multiple informants in forensic and clinical settings. OBJECTIVES The main goal of this study was to identify patterns of mother-child discrepancies in reporting CPA using latent profile analysis. We then tested differences between profiles on mothers' mental health problems and children's internalizing and externalizing symptoms. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING Participants were 159 mother-child dyads with police-documented exposure to intimate partner violence. METHOD Participants were recruited from Child Protective Services and shelter residences from all regions of Portugal. After obtaining informed consent, assessment protocols were administered separately to mothers and children. RESULTS We identified two convergent profiles (mother-child agreement on reports of both high and low exposure to CPA) and one divergent profile (the child reported significantly higher exposure to CPA than the mother). Mothers from the divergent profile reported more depressive and post-traumatic stress symptoms than mothers from the convergent profiles. Children of the divergent profile and one of the convergent profiles (mother-child agreement on high exposure to CPA) showed the highest internalizing and externalizing symptoms. CONCLUSIONS These results illustrate how examining informant discrepancies in the assessment of abusive parenting practices increases our understanding of children's psychological adjustment in high-risk contexts.
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Nelemans SA, Mastrotheodoros S, Çiftçi L, Meeus W, Branje S. Do You See What I See? Longitudinal Associations Between Mothers' and Adolescents' Perceptions of Their Relationship and Adolescent Internalizing Symptoms. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2023; 51:177-192. [PMID: 36114938 PMCID: PMC9867686 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-022-00975-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
This 6-year community study examined how discrepancies in mothers' and adolescents' perceptions of their relationship were longitudinally associated with adolescent internalizing symptoms, and vice versa. 497 adolescents (57% boys, Mage T1 = 13.03, SDage = 0.46) and their mothers reported in 6 annual waves on conflict and warmth in the mother-adolescent relationship and adolescents reported on their depressive and Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) symptoms. Latent Congruence Models suggested that both adolescent depressive and GAD symptoms significantly predicted higher levels of conflict as well as stronger discrepancies in perceptions of conflict 1-year later. In turn, higher levels of conflict significantly predicted both adolescent depressive and GAD symptoms 1-year later. For warmth, lower levels significantly predicted adolescent depressive symptoms 1-year later. Concluding, these findings suggest (1) more systematic evidence for longitudinal associations between conflict than warmth in the mother-adolescent relationship and adolescent internalizing symptoms; (2) support for a transactional model, including support for both interpersonal scar or symptom-driven effects (concerning both levels of and mother-adolescent discrepancies in conflict) and interpersonal risk or relationship-driven effects (concerning levels of both conflict and warmth); (3) longitudinal effects from adolescent internalizing symptoms to mother-adolescent discrepancies, but not vice versa; and (4) strong consistency in patterns of findings across both adolescent depressive and GAD symptoms, with few differential longitudinal associations with aspects of mother-adolescent relationship quality. Thereby, this study provides a more nuanced understanding of the direction of effects between adolescent internalizing symptoms and both levels of and discrepancies in mothers' and adolescents' perceptions of their relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie A. Nelemans
- grid.5477.10000000120346234Division of Youth and Family, Utrecht University, PO box 80.140, 3508 TC Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Stefanos Mastrotheodoros
- grid.5477.10000000120346234Division of Youth and Family, Utrecht University, PO box 80.140, 3508 TC Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Wim Meeus
- grid.5477.10000000120346234Division of Youth and Family, Utrecht University, PO box 80.140, 3508 TC Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Susan Branje
- grid.5477.10000000120346234Division of Youth and Family, Utrecht University, PO box 80.140, 3508 TC Utrecht, the Netherlands
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Cooley DT, Jackson Y, Stoolmiller M. Discrepancies in youth self-report and case file report of maltreatment and association with internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Child Abuse Negl 2022; 133:105845. [PMID: 35987048 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2022.105845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood maltreatment is a potential risk factor for the later development of psychopathology (Jaffee, 2017). However, there is no gold standard for identifying victims of child maltreatment, and when multiple informants - such as case files and youth self-report - are used, these sources often disagree (Cooley & Jackson, 2022). OBJECTIVE The current study aimed to explore discrepancies between youth self-report and case file report of maltreatment and examine how these discrepancies related to internalizing and externalizing symptoms. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING Participants were 470 youth living in foster care between the ages of 8 and 18 and their caregivers. METHODS Latent class analysis (LCA) was used to create novel groups based on informant discrepancies. RESULTS Agreement between informants was in the poor-to-fair agreement range for all types of maltreatment. Latent class analysis identified a 3-class solution with significant group differences on both externalizing (Χ2 (2, N = 470) = 6.16, p = 0.05) and internalizing symptoms (Χ2 (2, N = 470) = 6.10, p = 0.05). Specifically, those in the "self-report only" class had significantly higher symptoms than those in the "neither informant/case file only" class for both internalizing and externalizing behavior. CONCLUSIONS Case files and youth self-report of maltreatment are discrepant. Youth self-report of maltreatment history may be more closely linked to psychopathology than case file report of maltreatment. Researchers and practitioners should look to youth self-report rather than relying solely on case files when determining risk for psychopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daryl T Cooley
- Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, 140 Moore Building, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
| | - Yo Jackson
- Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, 140 Moore Building, University Park, PA 16802, USA
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Stevens MA, Selders KJ, Jeckel O, Brownfield V, Nowell KP. An Evaluation of Parent and Teacher Discrepancies on an Adaptive Behavior Measure for Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder, Intellectual Disability, and Global Developmental Delay. J Autism Dev Disord 2022:10.1007/s10803-022-05550-x. [PMID: 35445930 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-022-05550-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Comprehensive evaluations include data from multiple informants, but discrepancies occur on adaptive skill measures of youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and intellectual disabilities (ID). This study investigated discrepancies between parent-teacher ratings on a measure of adaptive behavior [Adaptive Behavior Assessment System, Third Edition (ABAS-3)] in a clinical sample of 115 youth. Agreement between informants was determined and then discrepancies were identified using paired-sample t-tests for the whole sample and subsamples. Factors associated with parent-teacher discrepancies were investigated including age, diagnoses, IQ, autism symptomology, and parent education. Parent-teacher scores were moderately correlated for the ABAS-3 composite and domains. Teachers rated youth with ASD and ID as having higher adaptive skills. Autism symptomology significantly predicted discrepancies between informants on the ABAS-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mallory A Stevens
- Department of Educational, School, and Counseling Psychology, University of Missouri, 16 Hill Hall, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.
| | - Kimberly J Selders
- Department of Special Education, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Olivia Jeckel
- Department of Psychological Services, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | | | - Kerri P Nowell
- Department of Health Psychology, Thompson Center for Autism and Neurodevelopmental Disorder, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
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Nichols LM, Tanner-Smith EE. Discrepant Parent-Adolescent Reports of Parenting Practices: Associations with Adolescent Internalizing and Externalizing Symptoms. J Youth Adolesc 2022. [PMID: 35357612 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-022-01601-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Discrepancies in multi-informant reports of parenting practices represent a meaningful clinical construct that can be harnessed to predict adolescent mental health outcomes and shed light on the nature of parent-adolescent relationships. To date, however, no research has sought to examine discrepancies in perceptions of parenting practices among adolescents with histories of substance use disorders, a population for whom supportive parenting is a critical protective factor during the recovery process. This study examined parent-adolescent informant discrepancies of parenting practices and their associations with externalizing and internalizing symptomology among a sample of adolescents with substance use disorder histories. Data were analyzed from 294 adolescents (M adolescent age = 16 years; 45% female, 72% white) and their parents (87% female, 83% white) from a larger longitudinal study. Parenting practices of interest were positive parenting, inconsistent discipline, and poor monitoring. Polynomial regression analyses were used to test the discrepancy hypotheses. The results generally suggested null associations between single informant reports and internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Discrepancies were noted, however, in multi-informant reports of positive parenting, such that higher levels of adolescent-reported positive parenting were associated with higher levels of internalizing symptoms at high (but not low) levels of parent-reported positive parenting. Similarly, discrepancies were noted in multi-informant reports of poor monitoring, such that lower levels of adolescent-poor monitoring were associated with higher externalizing symptoms at low levels of parent-reported poor monitoring. The findings are discussed in terms of research and clinical implications of collecting and utilizing multi-informant data among clinical samples of adolescents with unique risk profiles.
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Haselgruber A, Sölva K, Lueger-Schuster B. Perspective matters: Differences between child- and caregiver-reports of emotion regulation mediating the relationship between cumulative childhood trauma and mental health problems in foster children. Child Abuse Negl 2020; 107:104558. [PMID: 32559554 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cumulative childhood trauma predicts mental health problems in children, mediated by emotion regulation (ER). To assess trauma history and mental health in children, different informants may be addressed, assessing data from different perspectives. Despite differences between child- and caregiver-reports as robust finding in child psychology, it remains unclear to which extent perspective matters when examining these variables and related associations. OBJECTIVE The current study was set to (1) examine whether ER mediates the relationship between cumulative childhood trauma and mental health problems in children, (2) test whether results differ with examined perspective, and (3) investigate if meaningful patterns of child-caregiver-reported discrepancies can be identified. METHODS Data were collected from 145 children living in foster care by child- and caregiver-reports using standardized measures to assess trauma history (CTQ), ER (FEEL-KJ), and mental health problems (CBCL). Mediation and latent profile analysis were calculated. RESULTS Mediation analysis identified ER as mediator for internalizing and externalizing mental health problems. Using data from different perspectives, mediation models differed considerably regarding significance, direction, and magnitude of effects. Using latent profile analysis, meaningful patterns of child-caregiver-reported discrepancies were identified and associated with children's sociodemographic and psychopathological characteristics. CONCLUSIONS Adaptive and maladaptive ER distinctively mediate the relationship between cumulative childhood trauma and mental health problems in children. Perspective matters when examining these variables and child- and caregiver-reports are not interchangeable. Practitioners and researchers should be aware of inherent limitations when using data from distinct perspectives. Informant discrepancies can carry meaning and should not be ignored, but examined and interpreted instead.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Haselgruber
- Unit of Psychotraumatology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Austria.
| | - K Sölva
- Unit of Psychotraumatology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Austria
| | - B Lueger-Schuster
- Unit of Psychotraumatology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Austria
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Madsen KB, Rask CU, Olsen J, Niclasen J, Obel C. Depression-related distortions in maternal reports of child behaviour problems. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2020; 29:275-85. [PMID: 31114966 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-019-01351-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Associations between maternal depression and child behaviour problems may be biased due to depression-related distortions in the maternal reports. In this study, we compared the agreement between maternal, teacher and child ratings of hyperactivity/inattention (H/I), conduct (CD) and emotional (EM) problems measured with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire in a population with depressed and non-depressed mothers. The sample of 12,961 11-year-old children was drawn from the Danish National Birth Cohort. We also examined the association between maternal depression before and during the child's life and child H/I, CD and EM problems when reported by the different informants. Agreement between the informants was assessed with the Bland-Altman limits of agreement (LOA) and associations were analyzed using multiple linear regression models. We found large discrepancies between maternal and teacher ratings of child behavioural problems measured with the SDQ and less discrepancy between maternal and child self-ratings. Better agreement between informants was found in the population of depressed mothers compared to non-depressed mothers for H/I and CD problems, and not for EM symptoms. The LOA for all three subscales were wide in both populations, with the largest intervals ranging from - 6 (Lower LOA) to 3 (Upper LOA) for H/I. Statistically significant associations were found between maternal depression, and child H/I and CD problems when reported by the mother but not the teacher and only by the child, when maternal depression had been present during the child's life. Our findings emphasize the importance of considering each informants' ratings when obtaining ratings from multiple sources.
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Penner F, Vanwoerden S, Borelli JL, Sharp C. Discrepancies in Mother-Adolescent Reports of Parenting Practices in a Psychiatric Sample: Associations with Age, Psychopathology, and Attachment. J Abnorm Child Psychol 2019; 48:343-360. [PMID: 31758368 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-019-00589-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Discrepancies in parent-adolescent reports of parenting practices may reveal important information about parent-adolescent relationship quality. Youth attachment security has been identified as a factor that may explain discrepancies between parents and adolescents in reporting on parenting. However, previous research has not examined this question among clinical samples, and has generally utilized non-optimal analytic strategies in modeling discrepancies. The current study aimed to extend previous work by using latent profile analysis (LPA) to identify patterns of mother-adolescent divergence in reports of parenting in a large clinical sample, examining the characteristics of discrepancy groups in terms of age, gender, and psychopathology, and examining associations between attachment and discrepancies. A sample of adolescents with psychiatric disorders (N = 416; ages 12-17) and their mothers completed reports of parenting practices. Adolescents also completed the Child Attachment Interview and a measure of psychopathology. LPA was used to identify groups of mother-adolescent dyads with similar patterns of divergence across domains of parenting. Chi-square, ANOVA, and logistic regression analyses were used to test associations between youth age, gender, psychopathology, and attachment and mother-adolescent discrepancy profile membership. Three discrepancy profiles emerged: Strong Divergence, Moderate Divergence, and Low Divergence. Youth in the Moderate Divergence profile were oldest and had highest levels of externalizing pathology. Youth with insecure (dismissing and preoccupied) attachment, relative to securely attached youth, were more likely to be in the Strong Divergence profile. Securely attached adolescents were more likely to be in Low or Moderate Divergence profiles. Clinical implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Penner
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, 3695 Cullen Blvd, Room 126, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Salome Vanwoerden
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, 3695 Cullen Blvd, Room 126, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Jessica L Borelli
- Department of Psychological Science, University of California - Irvine, 4201 Social & Behavioral Sciences, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Carla Sharp
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, 3695 Cullen Blvd, Room 126, Houston, TX, 77204, USA.
- Centre for Development Support, University of the Free State, PO Box 339, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa.
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10
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Van Petegem S, Antonietti JP, Eira Nunes C, Kins E, Soenens B. The Relationship between Maternal Overprotection, Adolescent Internalizing and Externalizing Problems, and Psychological Need Frustration: A Multi-Informant Study Using Response Surface Analysis. J Youth Adolesc 2020; 49:162-77. [PMID: 31583507 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-019-01126-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Parents and adolescents may hold discrepant views about parents' behaviors, which may be related to adolescent maladjustment. The goal of the present investigation was to examine associations between overprotective parenting and adolescents' internalizing and externalizing problems and the frustration of their psychological needs (for autonomy, relatedness and competence), thereby considering both congruence and incongruence in adolescents' and mothers' reports of overprotective parenting. Our sample consisted of 402 mother-adolescent dyads (M adolescent age = 16.8 years, 63% female), who reported upon the mothers' overprotective parenting. In addition, adolescents filled out questionnaires assessing their internalizing and externalizing problems and psychological need frustration. Data were analyzed using polynomial regressions with response surface analysis. Results showed evidence for a linear, additive relationship between adolescents' and mothers' reports of overprotective parenting, and adolescents' internalizing and externalizing symptoms and relatedness and competence frustration. That is, higher scores in adolescents' and mothers' ratings of overprotective parenting were associated with more maladjustment and more need frustration. Moreover, results indicated that incongruence between adolescents' and mothers' reports related to more externalizing problems and more autonomy and relatedness frustration, and this was especially the case when adolescents perceived higher levels of overprotection than what was reported by mothers. These results underscore the importance of considering multiple perspectives when studying the dynamics involved in overprotective parenting.
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11
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De Los Reyes A, Cook CR, Gresham FM, Makol BA, Wang M. Informant discrepancies in assessments of psychosocial functioning in school-based services and research: Review and directions for future research. J Sch Psychol 2019; 74:74-89. [PMID: 31213233 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsp.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Psychosocial functioning plays a key role in students' wellbeing and performance inside and outside of school. As such, techniques designed to measure and improve psychosocial functioning factor prominently in school-based service delivery and research. Given that the different contexts (e.g., school, home, community) in which students exist vary in the degree to which they influence psychosocial functioning, educators and researchers often rely on multiple informants to characterize intervention targets, monitor intervention progress, and inform the selection of evidence-based services. These informants include teachers, students, and parents. Across research teams, domains, and measurement methodologies, researchers commonly observe discrepancies among informants' reports. We review theory and research-occurring largely outside of school-based service delivery and research-that demonstrates how patterns of informant discrepancies represent meaningful differences that can inform our understanding of psychosocial functioning. In turn, we advance a research agenda to improve use and interpretation of informant discrepancies in school-based services and research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Bridget A Makol
- University of Maryland at College Park, United States of America
| | - Mo Wang
- University of Florida, United States of America
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12
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Jordan AK, Thomeer ML, Lopata C, Donnelly JP, Rodgers JD, McDonald CA. Informant Discrepancies in the Assessment of Adaptive Behavior of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. J Autism Dev Disord 2019; 49:2024-34. [PMID: 30673911 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-018-03876-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
This study examined informant discrepancies for parent and teacher adaptive behavior ratings of 103 children, ages 6-12 years, with ASD (without intellectual disability). Scores on the Adaptive Behavior Assessment System, third edition (Harrison and Oakland, Western Psychological Services, Los Angeles, 2015) General Adaptive Composite (GAC) and practical, social, and conceptual domains were examined for mean differences, level of agreement, and moderators of difference scores between informant groups. Teacher scores were significantly higher (indicating better functioning) than parents for the GAC and practical domain. Parent and teacher scores were moderately correlated and Bland-Altman plots and regression analyses revealed no systematic differences in parent-teacher agreement across the range of scores. None of the tested variables moderated the parent-teacher difference scores. Implications for clinical practice are discussed.
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13
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Burrows CA, Usher LV, Becker-Haimes EM, McMahon CM, Mundy PC, Jensen-Doss A, Henderson HA. Profiles and Correlates of Parent-Child Agreement on Social Anxiety Symptoms in Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder. J Autism Dev Disord 2019; 48:2023-2037. [PMID: 29332179 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-018-3461-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This study characterized patterns and correlates of parent-youth agreement on social anxiety in youth with and without autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Participants (279 verbally-fluent youth aged 8-16 years, NASD = 144, NTD = 135) completed the SASC-R. Youth with ASD exhibited higher social anxiety across informants. While TD youth endorsed higher anxiety than did parents, self- and parent-reports did not differ in youth with ASD. For children with ASD, higher parent-youth agreement was associated with lower lifetime ASD symptoms and higher adaptive skills. For TD youth, agreement on high anxiety was associated with lowest adaptive skills. Demographic factors (age, verbal IQ, gender) did not relate to agreement for either group. In ASD, parent-child agreement on youth anxiety, either high or low, was associated with better outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine A Burrows
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, 5665 Ponce de Leon Blvd, Coral Gables, FL, 33156, USA.
| | - Lauren V Usher
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, 5665 Ponce de Leon Blvd, Coral Gables, FL, 33156, USA.,Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Emily M Becker-Haimes
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, 5665 Ponce de Leon Blvd, Coral Gables, FL, 33156, USA.,Center for Mental Health Policy & Services Research, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Camilla M McMahon
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, 5665 Ponce de Leon Blvd, Coral Gables, FL, 33156, USA.,Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Miami University, Hamilton, OH, USA
| | - Peter C Mundy
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, 5665 Ponce de Leon Blvd, Coral Gables, FL, 33156, USA.,University of California-Davis MIND Institute, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Amanda Jensen-Doss
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, 5665 Ponce de Leon Blvd, Coral Gables, FL, 33156, USA
| | - Heather A Henderson
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, 5665 Ponce de Leon Blvd, Coral Gables, FL, 33156, USA.,Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
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14
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Murray AL, Ribeaud D, Eisner M, Murray G, McKenzie K. Should We Subtype ADHD According to the Context in Which Symptoms Occur? Criterion Validity of Recognising Context-Based ADHD Presentations. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2019; 50:308-320. [PMID: 30168001 PMCID: PMC6428792 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-018-0842-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ADHD symptoms show considerable individual variation in the contexts in which they are expressed. It has previously been proposed that subtyping individuals according to the contexts in which symptoms are expressed may be clinically useful. We examined context-based patterns of ADHD symptoms in a longitudinal cohort study of n = 1388 children, as well as context-specific and context-general predictors of symptoms. Participants were community-ascertained and provided ADHD symptom data at ages 7, 9, and 11. Using growth mixture modelling we identified five inattention and five hyperactivity/impulsivity categories that differed in the developmental patterns of symptoms reported by parent and teacher informants. We found some evidence that context-specific predictors were related to context-specific expressions. Specifically, after controlling for other risk factors for ADHD symptoms, relationships with teachers predicted school-specific (teacher-reported) but not home-specific (parent-reported) symptom levels. However, no subtypes defined by exclusively home-based symptoms emerged, suggesting that while symptoms may sometimes be specific to the school context, they are only rarely confined to the home context. Subtyping by context could be informative; however, further work will required to uncover the nature of any etiological, functional, or outcome differences between those who show symptom expression in different contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aja Louise Murray
- Institute of Criminology, University of Cambridge, CB3 9DA, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Denis Ribeaud
- Jacobs Center for Productive Youth Development, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Manuel Eisner
- Institute of Criminology, University of Cambridge, CB3 9DA, Cambridge, UK
| | - George Murray
- Department of Psychology, Northumbria University, Newcastle, UK
| | - Karen McKenzie
- Department of Psychology, Northumbria University, Newcastle, UK
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15
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Talbott E, Karabatsos G, Zurheide JL. Informant similarities, twin studies, and the assessment of externalizing behavior: A meta-analysis. J Sch Psychol 2018; 67:31-55. [PMID: 29571534 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsp.2017.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine similarity within informant ratings of the externalizing behavior of monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs. To do this, we conducted a meta-analysis of correlations within ratings completed by mothers, fathers, teachers, and youth. We retrieved n=204 correlations for MZ twins and n=267 correlations for DZ twins from n=54 studies containing n=55 samples. Results indicated that all four informants were significant negative predictors of within-informant correlations in their ratings of MZ, but not DZ twins. In the case of longitudinal studies and as the age of MZ twins increased, similarity within ratings by mothers was significantly greater than similarity within ratings by fathers. Among participant characteristics, we found that (a) age was a significant negative predictor of similarity within ratings for MZ twins; (b) race was a significant predictor of similarity within ratings for both MZ and DZ twins, but in the opposite direction; and (c) DZ opposite sex twins were a significant negative predictor of within-rating similarity. Among study characteristics for MZ twins, participant group and longitudinal study were significant negative predictors of within-rating similarity, and for both MZ and DZ twin pairs, non-independence in the data was a significant negative predictor of within-rating similarity. For DZ twins, multiple informants were significant positive predictors of within-rating similarity, and in longitudinal studies with DZ twins, similarity within ratings by mothers was significantly greater than similarity within ratings by fathers, and similarity within ratings by fathers was significantly less than similarity within ratings by teachers and youth. For both MZ and DZ twins, the following study characteristics were significant positive predictors of similarity within ratings: study group, number of time points, and multiple constructs. All four informants appeared equally skilled at predicting within-informant correlations for MZ (but not DZ) twins, with participant characteristics having different predictive effects for MZ compared to DZ twins, and study characteristics having comparable predictive effects for both twin types. Overall, these findings suggest effective discrimination on the part of four informants who rated the externalizing behavior of MZ and DZ twins.
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16
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Abstract
Greater parent-youth disagreement on youth symptomatology is associated with a host of factors (e.g., parental psychopathology, family functioning) that might impede treatment. Parent-youth disagreement may represent an indicator of treatment prognosis. Using data from the Child/Adolescent Anxiety Multimodal Study, this study used polynomial regression and longitudinal growth modeling to examine whether parent-youth agreement prior to and throughout treatment predicted treatment outcomes (anxiety severity, youth functioning, responder status, and diagnostic remission, rated by an independent evaluator). When parents reported more symptoms than youth prior to treatment, youth were less likely to be diagnosis-free post-treatment; this was only true if the youth received cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) alone, not if youth received medication, combination, or placebo treatment. Increasing concordance between parents and youth over the course of treatment was associated with better treatment outcomes across all outcome measures ( ps < .001). How parents and youth "co-report" appears to be an indicator of CBT outcome. Clinical implications and future directions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily M Becker-Haimes
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, USA
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Boris Birmaher
- Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, USA
| | | | - Golda S Ginsburg
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut Health Center, USA
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17
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Rankin JA, Tomeny TS, Barry TD. Multi-informant assessment of siblings of youth with autism spectrum disorder: Parent-child discrepancies in at-risk classification. Res Dev Disabil 2017; 68:78-87. [PMID: 28743046 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2017.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The behavioral and emotional functioning of typically-developing (TD) siblings of youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has been frequently assessed in the literature; however, these assessments typically include only one informant, rarely considering differences between parent and self-reports of sibling adjustment. AIMS This study examined parent-youth reported informant discrepancies in behavioral and emotional functioning, including whether parent and youth reports yielded the same conclusions regarding TD sibling risk status. METHODS, PROCEDURES, AND RESULTS Among 113 parents and TD siblings of youth with ASD, TD siblings self-reported more overall, conduct, hyperactivity, and peer problems (compared to parent reports). Although few siblings were considered at-risk, those who were identified were not usually identified as at-risk on both informants' reports. Moreover, ASD symptoms, broader autism phenotype symptoms, parent mental health concerns, and social support from parents were all related to differences in at-risk classification between parent- and sibling self-report. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS This paper highlights the necessity of multi-informant reporting when considering TD sibling psychological functioning. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS This study helps to address gaps in the literature on assessment of emotional and behavioral functioning of TD siblings of youth with ASD. The results highlight the importance of utilizing both parent- and self-report when identifying TD siblings at-risk for maladjustment. Although few siblings were considered at-risk, those who were identified were not usually identified as such on both informants' reports, and a variety of sibling- and parent-factors were associated with differences in at-risk classification. Thus, inclusion and examination of both parent- and self-report of TD sibling psychological functioning is vital for accurately identifying numbers of TD siblings at-risk of maladjustment.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A Rankin
- The University of Alabama, Department of Psychology, Box 870348, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487, USA.
| | - Theodore S Tomeny
- The University of Alabama, Department of Psychology, Box 870348, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487, USA.
| | - Tammy D Barry
- Washington State University, Department of Psychology, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA.
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18
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Hou Y, Kim SY, Benner AD. Parent-Adolescent Discrepancies in Reports of Parenting and Adolescent Outcomes in Mexican Immigrant Families. J Youth Adolesc 2018; 47:430-44. [PMID: 28689348 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-017-0717-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/24/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Parents and adolescents often have discrepant views of parenting which pose challenges for researchers regarding how to deal with information from multiple informants. Although recent studies indicate that parent-adolescent discrepancies in reports of parenting can be useful in predicting adolescent outcomes, their findings are mixed regarding whether discrepancies relate to more positive or more negative adolescent outcomes. This study examined the longitudinal implications of parent-adolescent discrepancies in reports of parenting (warmth, monitoring, and reasoning) on adolescent behavioral, psychological, academic, and physical health outcomes among Mexican immigrant families in the United States. Participants were 604 adolescents (54% female, M age.wave1 = 12.41 years) and their parents. Taking a person-centered approach, this study identified distinct patterns of parent-adolescent discrepancies in parenting and their different associations with later adolescent outcomes. Adolescents' more negative perceptions of parenting relative to parents were associated with more negative adolescent outcomes, whereas adolescents' more positive perceptions relative to parents related to more positive adolescent outcomes. There were also variations in discrepancy patterns and their associations with adolescent outcomes between mother-adolescent vs. father-adolescent dyads. Findings of the current study highlight individual variations of discrepancies among parent-adolescent dyads and the importance of considering both the magnitude and direction of discrepancies regarding their associations with adolescent well-being.
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19
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Lundberg V, Eriksson C. Health-related quality of life among Swedish children with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: parent-child discrepancies, gender differences and comparison with a European cohort. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2017; 15:26. [PMID: 28403864 PMCID: PMC5389151 DOI: 10.1186/s12969-017-0153-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigates gender differences in self-reports and between parent and child reports in Health-related Quality of Life (HRQOL), measured with disease-specific and generic instruments for chronic disease. Comparison of HRQOL results in this Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) sample to a European cohort of children with JIA and one of children with other health conditions are also made. METHODS Fifty-three children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), aged 8-18 years, and their parents completed the condition-specific DISABKIDS for JIA, and the DISABKIDS generic instrument for chronic conditions (DCGM-37) in a cross-sectional study. European reference data were used for comparison of child and parental reports. RESULTS Child self-reports in DCGM-37 and DISABKIDS for JIA showed no gender differences. Parental and child reports of the child's HRQOL differed only in DCGM-37; this was among girls who scored their independence (p = 0.03), physical limitation (p = 0.01), social exclusion (p = 0.03), emotions (p <0.01), and general transformed score (p <0.01) higher than did their parents. Our sample of children with JIA reported more physical limitation compared to samples of European children with JIA (p = 0.01), European children with chronic conditions (p < 0.01), and their parents (p = 0.01 and p < 0.01). The Swedish children reported more problem with understanding compared to the European JIA sample (p = 0.03). Swedish parents perceived their children's independence significantly lower than did the European parents of JIA children (p < 0.01), as well as European parents of children with chronic conditions (p = 0.03). The Swedish parents also perceived their children to have significantly lower social inclusion (p < 0.05) and general transformed score (p = 0.04), in comparison to European parents of children with chronic conditions. CONCLUSIONS Parent-child differences in assessment of quality of life depend on the HRQOL instrument used, especially among girls. In comparison to European cohorts, our sample of children with JIA experienced more physical limitations and less understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Lundberg
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Pediatrics, Umeå University, SE 901 85, Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Catharina Eriksson
- grid.12650.30Department of Clinical Sciences, Pediatrics, Umeå University, SE 901 85 Umeå, Sweden
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20
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Lavigne JV, Gouze KR, Hopkins J, Bryant FB. Multi-domain Predictors of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms in Preschool Children: Cross-informant Differences. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2016; 47:841-856. [PMID: 26669698 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-015-0616-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Numerous studies indicated that agreement between parent and teacher ratings of symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children of all ages is poor, but few studies have examined the factors that may be associated with rater differences. The present study examined the contextual, parent, parenting, and child factors associated with rater differences in a community sample of 4-year-old children. Parents and teachers of 344 4-year-olds recruited from preschools and pediatric practices completed the preschool versions of the Child Symptom Inventory. Measures of socioeconomic status, family stress and conflict, caretaker depression, parental hostility, support-engagement, and scaffolding skills, and child negative affect (NA), sensory regulation (SR), effortful control (EC), inhibitory control, and attachment security were obtained either by parental report or observational measures. χ 2 difference tests indicated that child factors of EC and SR, and contextual factor of stress and conflict, contributed more to parent-ratings of ADHD-I and ADHD-HI than to teacher-ratings of those same types of symptoms. Two factors contributed more to teacher-than to parent-rated ADHD-I, NA and caretaker depression. Results indicate there are differences in factors associated with ADHD symptoms at home and school, and have implications for models of ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- John V Lavigne
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (#10), Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, 225 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA. .,Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Karen R Gouze
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (#10), Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, 225 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.,Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Joyce Hopkins
- Department of Psychology, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Fred B Bryant
- Department of Psychology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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21
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De Los Reyes A, Ohannessian CM. Introduction to the Special Issue: Discrepancies in Adolescent-Parent Perceptions of the Family and Adolescent Adjustment. J Youth Adolesc 2016; 45:1957-72. [PMID: 27384957 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-016-0533-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Researchers commonly rely on adolescents' and parents' reports to assess family functioning (e.g., conflict, parental monitoring, parenting practices, relationship quality). Recent work indicates that these reports may vary as to whether they converge or diverge in estimates of family functioning. Further, patterns of converging or diverging reports may yield important information about adolescent adjustment and family functioning. This work is part of a larger literature seeking to understand and interpret multi-informant assessments of psychological phenomena, namely mental health. In fact, recent innovations in conceptualizing, measuring, and analyzing multi-informant mental health assessments might meaningfully inform efforts to understand multi-informant assessments of family functioning. Therefore, in this Special Issue we address three aims. First, we provide a guiding framework for using and interpreting multi-informant assessments of family functioning, informed by recent theoretical work focused on using and interpreting multi-informant mental health assessments. Second, we report research on adolescents' and parents' reports of family functioning that leverages the latest methods for measuring and analyzing patterns of convergence and divergence between informants' reports. Third, we report research on measurement invariance and its role in interpreting adolescents' and parents' reports of family functioning. Research and theory reported in this Special Issue have important implications for improving our understanding of the links between multi-informant assessments of family functioning and adolescent adjustment.
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22
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Fleming CB, Mason WA, Thompson RW, Haggerty KP, Gross TJ. Child and Parent Report of Parenting as Predictors of Substance Use and Suspensions from School. J Early Adolesc 2016; 36:625-645. [PMID: 27493444 PMCID: PMC4968695 DOI: 10.1177/0272431615574886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study examined how child and parent reports of parenting were related to early adolescent substance use and school suspensions. Data were from two time points six months apart on 321 families with an eighth grade student attending one of five schools in the Pacific Northwest. Child- and parent-report measures of family management practices were moderately correlated (r = .29). Child report, but not parent report, of more positive family management practices uniquely predicted a lower likelihood of adolescent substance use. Also, discrepancies between child and parent report of parenting predicted substance use, with child positive report of family management losing its protective association with adolescent substance use when parents had negative reports of their parenting. Parent report, but not child report, of better parenting predicted lower likelihood of suspensions, suggesting that the salience of child and parent report may depend on the type of behavioral outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles B. Fleming
- Social Development Research Group, School of Social Work, University of Washington, 9725 3rd Ave. NE, Suite 401, Seattle, WA 98115; phone: 206-685-8497, fax: 206-543-4507
| | - W. Alex Mason
- National Research Institute for Child and Family Studies, Boys Town
| | | | - Kevin P. Haggerty
- Social Development Research Group, School of Social Work, University of Washington, 9725 3rd Ave. NE, Suite 401, Seattle, WA 98115
| | - Thomas Jai. Gross
- Center for Child and Family Well Being, University of Nebraska - Lincoln
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23
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Abstract
A diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, 5th Eldition (DSM-5) is assessed in youth using ratings from both a parent and a teacher. However, individual and contextual differences between informants may lead to discrepancies in these ratings. The purpose of this study was to examine predictors of discrepancies between mother and middle school teacher reports of ADHD symptoms and related impairment. In an ethnically diverse sample of middle school students with well-diagnosed DSM-IV-TR ADHD (N = 112), we examined a range of mother and school setting characteristics that may contribute to informant discrepancies in this population. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses suggested that mothers with higher levels of education and psychopathology (i.e., ADHD symptom severity, parenting stress) may be most likely to report adolescent ADHD symptom severity that is higher than reported by teachers. Reports from general education teachers (vs. special education) were associated with lower symptom severity compared to mothers. Finally, a documented diagnosis of ADHD in the school was predictive of more severe reports from mothers. We discuss explanations for these findings and implications for assessment of middle school students with ADHD.
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24
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Ohannessian CM, Laird R, De Los Reyes A. Discrepancies in Adolescents' and Mothers' Perceptions of the Family and Mothers' Psychological Symptomatology. J Youth Adolesc 2016; 45:2011-21. [PMID: 27048418 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-016-0477-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Research has shown that discrepancies in adolescents' and their parents' perceptions of the family are linked to adolescent adjustment. Of note, the majority of studies to date have focused on differences in perceptions between adolescents and their parents. However, recent research has suggested that convergence in adolescents' and their parents' perceptions of the family may be linked to adolescent psychological outcomes as well. To date, research examining adolescents' and parents' perceptions of the family in relation to outcomes has focused only on adolescent outcomes. Therefore, the goal of this study was to examine the relationship between adolescents' and their mothers' perceptions of the family and mothers' psychological symptomatology. Surveys were administered to 141 adolescents (56 % girls) and their mothers during the spring of 2007. The results indicated that adolescents viewed the family more negatively in comparison to their mothers. In addition, interactions between adolescents' and mothers' reports of open communication, communication problems, and family satisfaction predicted mothers' psychological symptoms. These interactions indicated that mothers reported the most psychological symptoms when adolescents and mothers agreed that family functioning was poor (e.g., low open communication, high communication problems, low family satisfaction). The findings from this study underscore the need to consider adolescents' and parents' perceptions of the family in tandem when considering parental psychological adjustment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine McCauley Ohannessian
- Connecticut Children's Medical Center, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, 282 Washington Street, Hartford, CT, 06106, USA.
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25
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De Los Reyes A, Ohannessian CM, Laird RD. Developmental Changes in Discrepancies Between Adolescents' and Their Mothers' Views of Family Communication. J Child Fam Stud 2016; 25:790-797. [PMID: 30906175 PMCID: PMC6425964 DOI: 10.1007/s10826-015-0275-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Prior work indicates that adolescents perceive the family more negatively than do their parents. These discrepant views comprise some of the most robust observations in psychological science, and are observed on survey reports collected in vastly different cultures worldwide. Yet, whether developmental changes occur with these discrepant views remains unclear. In a sample of 141 adolescents and their mothers, we examined 1-year developmental changes in discrepancies between parents' and adolescents' views of family functioning. We focused on discrepant views about a relatively covert domain of family functioning (i.e., internal views of open communication) and a relatively overt domain of such functioning (i.e., views about observable communication problems). We observed significant developmental changes in discrepant views for open communication, but not for communication problems. These findings have important implications for research examining links between discrepant views of family functioning and whether these discrepancies serve as risk or protective factors for adolescent psychosocial functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andres De Los Reyes
- Comprehensive Assessment and Intervention Program, Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | | | - Robert D Laird
- Department of Psychology, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70148, USA
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26
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Harvey EA, Fischer C, Weieneth JL, Hurwitz SD, Sayer AG. Predictors of discrepancies between informants' ratings of preschool-aged children's behavior: An examination of ethnicity, child characteristics, and family functioning. Early Child Res Q 2013; 28:668-682. [PMID: 23935240 PMCID: PMC3735230 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecresq.2013.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The present study examined predictors of discrepancies between mothers', fathers', and teachers' ratings of 3-year-old children's hyperactivity, attention problems, and aggression. Participants were families of 196 3-year-old children who took part in child and family assessments. Ethnicity was one of the most consistent predictors of discrepancies. African American mothers and fathers were more likely to rate their children's hyperactivity, attention problems, and aggression lower than teachers. In contrast, Latina mothers were more likely to rate their children as more hyperactive and inattentive than teachers. ADHD/ODD diagnoses, parental depression, number of children, and children's pre-academic skills were also predictive of discrepancies for some measures for some informants. These findings provide insight into factors that may contribute to informant discrepancies in ratings of preschool children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Harvey
- University of Massachusetts Amherst, Tobin Hall, 135 Hicks Way, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
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27
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De Los Reyes A, Ehrlich KB, Swan AJ, Luo TJ, Van Wie M, Pabón SC. An Experimental Test of Whether Informants can Report About Child and Family Behavior Based on Settings of Behavioral Expression. J Child Fam Stud 2013; 22:177-191. [PMID: 36711028 PMCID: PMC9881584 DOI: 10.1007/s10826-012-9567-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Researchers and practitioners conduct multi-informant assessments of child and family behavior under the assumption that informants have unique perspectives on these behaviors. These unique perspectives stem, in part, from differences among informants in the settings in which they observe behaviors (e.g., home, school, peer interactions). These differences are assumed to contribute to the discrepancies commonly observed in the outcomes of multi-informant assessments. Although assessments often prompt informants to think about setting-specific behaviors when providing reports about child and family behavior, the notion that differences in setting-based behavioral observations contribute to discrepant reports has yet to be experimentally tested. We trained informants to use setting information as the basis for providing behavioral reports, with a focus on parental knowledge of children's whereabouts and activities. Using a within-subjects controlled design, we randomly assigned 16 mothers and adolescents to the order in which they received a program that trains informants to use setting information when providing parental knowledge reports (Setting-Sensitive Assessment), and a control program involving no training on how to provide reports. Relative to the control program, the Setting-Sensitive Assessment training increased the differences between mother and adolescent reports of parental knowledge, suggesting that mothers and adolescents observe parental knowledge behaviors in different settings. This study provides the first experimental evidence to support the assumption that discrepancies arise because informants incorporate unique setting information into their reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andres De Los Reyes
- Comprehensive Assessment and Intervention Program, Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Katherine B Ehrlich
- Maryland Child and Family Development Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Anna J Swan
- Comprehensive Assessment and Intervention Program, Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Tana J Luo
- Comprehensive Assessment and Intervention Program, Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Michael Van Wie
- Comprehensive Assessment and Intervention Program, Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Shairy C Pabón
- Comprehensive Assessment and Intervention Program, Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
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28
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De Los Reyes A, Thomas SA, Swan AJ, Ehrlich KB, Reynolds EK, Suarez L, Dougherty LR, MacPherson L, Pabón SC. "It Depends on What You Mean by 'Disagree'": Differences between Parent and Child Perceptions of Parent-Child Conflict. J Psychopathol Behav Assess 2012; 34:293-307. [PMID: 25210227 PMCID: PMC4157591 DOI: 10.1007/s10862-012-9288-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
We examined a new structured interview of parent-child conflict that assesses parent and child perceptions of behavioral conflict about daily life topics (e.g., doing chores, homework), and whether discrepancies exist on beliefs about these topics. In a sample of 100 parents and children ages 10 to 17 years (M=13.5 years, 52 males, 57 % African-American), informants could reliably distinguish between perceived behavioral conflicts and perceived discrepant beliefs about topics. These scores were also significantly related to questionnaire reports of parent-child conflict. Parent and child questionnaire reports did not significantly differ, yet on the structured interview, parents reported significantly greater levels of perceived conflict and discrepant beliefs relative to child reports. Additionally, structured interview reports of conflict demonstrated incremental validity by relating to child self-reports of delinquent behaviors, when accounting for questionnaire conflict reports. The findings have implications for increasing understanding of the links between parent-child conflict and psychosocial outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andres De Los Reyes
- Comprehensive Assessment and Intervention Program, Department of Psychology, University of Maryland at College Park, Biology/Psychology Building, Room 3123H, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Sarah A. Thomas
- Comprehensive Assessment and Intervention Program, Department of Psychology, University of Maryland at College Park, Biology/Psychology Building, Room 3123H, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Anna J. Swan
- Comprehensive Assessment and Intervention Program, Department of Psychology, University of Maryland at College Park, Biology/Psychology Building, Room 3123H, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Katherine B. Ehrlich
- Maryland Child and Family Development Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Maryland at College Park, Biology/Psychology Building, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | | | - Liza Suarez
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute for Juvenile Research, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lea R. Dougherty
- Child Stress and Emotions Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Maryland at College Park, Biology/Psychology Building, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Laura MacPherson
- Center for Addiction, Personality, and Emotions Research, Department of Psychology, University of Maryland at College Park, Biology/Psychology Building, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Shairy C. Pabón
- Comprehensive Assessment and Intervention Program, Department of Psychology, University of Maryland at College Park, Biology/Psychology Building, Room 3123H, College Park, MD 20742, USA
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