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Cunha ES, Mazepa E, Batista M, Marchini FK, Martinez GR. Redox proteomics in melanoma cells: An optimized protocol. Anal Biochem 2024; 691:115543. [PMID: 38636731 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2024.115543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Cancer development and progression are intimately related with post-translational protein modifications, e.g., highly reactive thiol moiety of cysteines enables structural rearrangements resulting in redox biological switches. In this context, redox proteomics techniques, such as 2D redox DIGE, biotin switch assay and OxIcat are fundamental tools to identify and quantify redox-sensitive proteins and to understand redox mechanisms behind thiol modifications. Given the great variability in redox proteomics protocols, problems including decreased resolution of peptides and low protein amounts even after enrichment steps may occur. Considering the biological importance of thiol's oxidation in melanoma, we adapted the biotin-switch assay technique for melanoma cells in order to overcome the limitations and improve coverage of detected proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- E S Cunha
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Programa de Pós-graduação Em Ciências (Bioquímica), UFPR, Brazil
| | - E Mazepa
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Programa de Pós-graduação Em Ciências (Bioquímica), UFPR, Brazil
| | - M Batista
- Laboratório de Ciências e Tecnologias Aplicadas Em Saúde (LaCTAS), Instituto Carlos Chagas - FIOCRUZ/PR, Brazil
| | - F K Marchini
- Laboratório de Ciências e Tecnologias Aplicadas Em Saúde (LaCTAS), Instituto Carlos Chagas - FIOCRUZ/PR, Brazil
| | - G R Martinez
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Programa de Pós-graduação Em Ciências (Bioquímica), UFPR, Brazil.
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Okamoto S, Taniguchi M, Okumura R. Extraction of Mucins from the Mammalian Intestinal Tract. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2763:71-78. [PMID: 38347401 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3670-1_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
In the intestine, mucus covering the mucosa plays a critical role in maintaining gut homeostasis by protecting the mucosa from invasion by commensal bacteria. The gut mucus is composed primarily of MUC2 mucin secreted by goblet cells. MUC2 is highly O-glycosylated, and O-glycans are necessary for the function and polymer structure of MUC2. In addition, recent evidence revealed that several glycan modifications, such as sialylation and sulfation, confer resistance of mucins to proteolysis and affect the viscosity and lubricity of mucus. Therefore, characterizing glycan structures of mucins is required to understand their functions fully. In this chapter, we describe how to purify secreted mucins from the mammalian intestine for analysis of their glycan structures. This description includes the extraction of MUC2 mucin from the mucosal surface of the mouse colon and colon explants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shota Okamoto
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mugen Taniguchi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryu Okumura
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
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Venkatasubramanian A, Thiyagaraj A, Subbiah V, Solairaja S, Arumugam S, Ramalingam S, Venkatabalasubramanian S. Ameliorative role of ellagic acid against acute liver steatosis in adult zebrafish experimental model. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 247:109061. [PMID: 33901636 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2021.109061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), also known as hepatic steatosis, is highly prevalent in developed countries despite advancements in clinical modalities. Therefore, there is a need for identifying the bioactive molecular entity (BME) that can therapeutically intervene with liver steatosis progression. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of one such BME - ellagic acid (EA) to ascertain its molecular therapeutic potential against iodoacetamide (IAA) mediated liver steatosis in an adult zebrafish model. Dysregulation of lipid homeostasis by IAA and its amelioration by EA was examined by histological staining and biochemical analysis in the adult zebrafish model. Furthermore, the gene expression analysis of 3-hydroxy methyl glutaryl (HMG) CoA reductase, fatty acid synthase and sterol receptor binding protein-1c in IAA mediated liver steatosis and its regulation by EA was also studied by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Concurrently, the drug likeliness and pharmacokinetic properties of EA in comparison to Simvastatin (SIM) were analysed computationally by absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) analysis. Also, the atomic level interactions of HMG-CoA reductase binding pocket with EA in comparison to SIM were examined by the molecular docking approach to ascertain their comparative binding energy (ΔG) and binding pose. Molecular docking revealed prominent hotspot residues (Gly 765, Gln 766, Asp 767, Gly 808) key to both EA and SIM interaction. All the above results revealed that the experimental observations wherein good agreement with the computational analysis substantiating the promising therapeutic potential of EA against IAA mediated liver steatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aishwarya Venkatasubramanian
- Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur Campus, Chennai 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Anand Thiyagaraj
- Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur Campus, Chennai 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vairamuthu Subbiah
- Central Clinical Laboratory, Madras Veterinary College, Tamilnadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai 600007, India
| | - Solaipriya Solairaja
- Department of Biotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur Campus, Chennai 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sangaran Arumugam
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Madras Veterinary College, Tamilnadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai 600007, India
| | - Satish Ramalingam
- Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur Campus, Chennai 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
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Moparthi L, Kjellström S, Kjellbom P, Filipovic MR, Zygmunt PM, Johanson U. Electrophile-Induced Conformational Switch of the Human TRPA1 Ion Channel Detected by Mass Spectrometry. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6667. [PMID: 32933054 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The human Transient Receptor Potential A1 (hTRPA1) ion channel, also known as the wasabi receptor, acts as a biosensor of various potentially harmful stimuli. It is activated by a wide range of chemicals, including the electrophilic compound N-methylmaleimide (NMM), but the mechanism of activation is not fully understood. Here, we used mass spectrometry to map and quantify the covalent labeling in hTRPA1 at three different concentrations of NMM. A functional truncated version of hTRPA1 (Δ1-688 hTRPA1), lacking the large N-terminal ankyrin repeat domain (ARD), was also assessed in the same way. In the full length hTRPA1, the labeling of different cysteines ranged from nil up to 95% already at the lowest concentration of NMM, suggesting large differences in reactivity of the thiols. Most important, the labeling of some cysteine residues increased while others decreased with the concentration of NMM, both in the full length and the truncated protein. These findings indicate a conformational switch of the proteins, possibly associated with activation or desensitization of the ion channel. In addition, several lysines in the transmembrane domain and the proximal N-terminal region were labeled by NMM, raising the possibility that lysines are also key targets for electrophilic activation of hTRPA1.
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Lee SE, Song HJ, Park SY, Nam Y, Min CH, Lee DY, Jeong JY, Ha HS, Kim HJ, Whang WK, Jeong JH, Kim IK, Kim HR, Min YS, Sohn UD. Effect of ECQ on Iodoacetamide-Induced Chronic Gastritis in Rats. Korean J Physiol Pharmacol 2013; 17:469-77. [PMID: 24227950 PMCID: PMC3823962 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2013.17.5.469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Revised: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated effect of extract containing quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucuronopyranoside from Rumex Aquaticus Herba (ECQ) against chronic gastritis in rats. To produce chronic gastritis, the animals received a daily intra-gastric administration of 0.1 ml of 0.15% iodoacetamide (IA) solution for 7 days. Daily exposure of the gastric mucosa to IA induced both gastric lesions and significant reductions of body weight and food and water intake. These reductions recovered with treatment with ECQ for 7 days. ECQ significantly inhibited the elevation of the malondialdehyde levels and myeloperoxidase activity, which were used as indices of lipid peroxidation and neutrophil infiltration. ECQ recovered the level of glutathione, activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and expression of SOD-2. The increased levels of total NO concentration and iNOS expression in the IA-induced chronic gastritis were significantly reduced by treatment with ECQ. These results suggest that the ECQ has a therapeutic effect on chronic gastritis in rats by inhibitory actions on neutrophil infiltration, lipid peroxidation and various steps of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Eun Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea
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Hussein IAH, Tohme R, Barada K, Mostafa MH, Freund JN, Jurjus RA, Karam W, Jurjus A. Inflammatory bowel disease in rats: Bacterial and chemical interaction. World J Gastroenterol 2008; 14:4028-39. [PMID: 18609687 PMCID: PMC2725342 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.14.4028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To develop a novel model of colitis in rats, using a combination of iodoacetamide and enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC), and to elucidate the pathophysiologic processes implicated in the development of ulcerative colitis (UC).
METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 158) were inoculated intrarectally on a weekly basis with 4 different combinations: (a) 1% methylcellulose (MC), (b) 100 &mgr;L of 6% iodoacetamide (IA) in 1% MC, (c) 200 &mgr;L containing 4 × 108 colony factor units (CFU) of EPEC, and (d) combined treatment of (IA) followed by bacteria (B) after 2 d. Thirty days post treatment, each of the four groups was divided into two subgroups; the inoculation was stopped for one subgroup and the other subgroup continued with biweekly inoculation until the end of the experiment. Colitis was evaluated by the clinical course of the disease, the macroscopic and microscopic alterations, activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO), and by TNF-α gene expression.
RESULTS: Findings indicative of UC were seen in the combined treatment (IA + B) as well as the IA continued treatment groups: the animals showed slow rate of increase in body weight, diarrhea, bloody stools, high colonic ulcer score, as well as histological alterations characteristic of UC, with an extensive inflammatory reaction. During the course of the experiment, the MPO activity was consistently elevated and the TNF-α gene expression was upregulated compared to the control animals.
CONCLUSION: The experimental ulcerative colitis model used in the present study resembles, to a great extent, the human disease. It is reproducible with characteristics indicative of chronicity.
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Chen LZ, Adachi T. Protoplast fusion between Lycopersicon esculentum and L. peruvianum-complex: somatic embryogenesis, plant regeneration and morphology. Plant Cell Rep 1998; 17:508-514. [PMID: 30736627 DOI: 10.1007/s002990050433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Somatic hybrids were obtained by polyethylene glycol fusion of cotyledon protoplasts of Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv. Kyoryokutoko treated with iodoacetamide (IOA) and suspension-culture-derived protoplasts of L. peruvianum (PI270435) or L. chilense (PI128652). The hybrids were selected by a multiple-step selection procedure relying on the different colors of the fusion partners, IOA treatment of cotyledon protoplasts, and the use of a culture medium which only allowed cotyledon protoplasts to regenerate. The somatic embryos were derived from greenish calli that formed from the fusion mixtures, developed progressively through the globular, heart, and torpedo stages, and finally formed complete plantlets. The excised torpedo-stage embryos could be propagated on a modified medium. The morphology of the somatic hybrids were intermediate to their donor partners, and chromosome observations indicated that the hybrids were tetraploid, hexaploid, and aneuploid.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Z Chen
- Applied Genetics and Biotechnology Division, Faculty of Agriculture, Miyazaki University, Gakuen Kibanadai Nishi 1-1, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan Fax no.: +81-985-58-2884 E-mail: , , , , , , JP
| | - T Adachi
- Applied Genetics and Biotechnology Division, Faculty of Agriculture, Miyazaki University, Gakuen Kibanadai Nishi 1-1, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan Fax no.: +81-985-58-2884 E-mail: , , , , , , JP
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