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Singh P, Dubey AK. Accelerated Osteogenic Response of Electrodynamically Stimulated Mg 1-xCa xSi 1-xZr xO 3 ( x = 0-0.4) Bioelectrets. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:6293-6308. [PMID: 37877692 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c00955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
MgSiO3-based biodegradable ceramics demonstrated remarkable potential for treating small-scale bone defects and temporary bone replacement. In addition, the dissolution behavior of MgSiO3 bioceramics can be tuned by doping of Ca and Zr elements at Mg and Si sites, respectively. The present study reported the influence of formation of Ca- and Zr-codoped Mg1-xCaxSi1-xZrxO3 (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4) bioelectrets and electrodynamic stimulation toward improving their osteogenic response. Mg1-xCaxSi1-xZrxO3 electrets were successfully synthesized by a solid-state route. A detailed X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses revealed that the electrets produced oxygen-deficient active sites. The formation of Mg1-xCaxSi1-xZrxO3 electrets significantly increased the surface hydrophilicity. Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) analyses were used to examine the leaching behavior of Ca/Zr-codoped MgSiO3 bioceramics. In vitro cell culture analyses indicated that the osteogenesis of MG-63 cells was remarkably enhanced on the electrodynamic field-treated Mg1-xCaxSi1-xZrxO3 bioelectrets as compared to hydroxyapatite (HA). Moreover, a better osteogenic response was observed for higher concentrations of Ca (0.3 and 0.4) and Zr (0.3 and 0.4) doping in the MgSiO3 bioelectrets. Further, the mechanism of enhanced cellular functionality was revealed by the measurement of intracellular Ca2+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Singh
- Department of Ceramic Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Ashutosh Kumar Dubey
- Department of Ceramic Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi, Varanasi 221005, India
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Gong Y, Chen M, Zhang Y, Wu L. Hydrothermal synthesis and formation mechanism of controllable magnesium silicate nanotubes derived from coal fly ash. Nanotechnology 2023. [PMID: 37263193 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/acda9f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A novel controllable magnesium silicate nanotube material derived from coal fly ash was successfully synthesized via a hydrothermal process for the first time, and the reaction conditions and mechanism of synthesizing magnesium silicate nanotube materials from magnesium oxide and sodium silicate extracted from the fly ash were studied. The optimal preparation conditions are temperature = 220°C, pH = 13.5, and Mg: Si molar ratio = 3:2, and the tubular structure gradually appeared and showed controllable and regular growth with the increase of synthesis time. The mechanism revealed that with the gradual dissolution of brucite into the sodium silicate solution, the reaction product begins to crystallize and transform from an initial sheet-like structure to a tubular structure, and finally becomes a uniformly arranged nanotube. The formation process of magnesium silicate nanotube follows Pauling's fourth rule, Si-O tetrahedral coordination and Mg-OH octahedral coordination is further condensed to form a two-layer structure by the action of active oxygen, then the sheet is rolled into a tube under its structural stress. The growth of both outer tubular diameter and inner tubular diameter has good linear law and controllable, and the growth rate are 0.289 nm/h and 0.071 nm/h, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbing Gong
- Inner Mongolia University of Technology, 49 Aimin Street, Xincheng District, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, 010051, CHINA
| | - Muyang Chen
- Inner Mongolia University of Technology, 49 Aimin Street, Xincheng District, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, 010051, CHINA
| | - Yongfeng Zhang
- Inner Mongolia University of Technology, 49 Aimin Street, Xincheng District, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, 010051, CHINA
| | - Liying Wu
- Inner Mongolia University of Technology, 49 Aimin Street, Xincheng District, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, 010051, CHINA
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Das S, Sahu PP. A novel electrochemical interdigitated electrodes sensor for limonin quantification and reduction in citrus limetta juice. Food Chem 2022; 381:132248. [PMID: 35123220 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Limonin, a highly oxygenated triterpene biomolecule of citrus fruits is responsible for delayed bitterness of its juice lowering consumer's acceptability. Hence, limonin detection is essential for appropriate debittering intrusions. A novel interdigitated capacitive sensor using magnesium silicate-poly vinyl alcohol (MgSiO3.xH2O-PVA) composite has been introduced for quantification of limonin and debittering through selective adsorption of limonin from the citrus limetta juice. The sensor showed high sensitivity of 2.392 µF/ppm and fast response time of ∼6s. The sensor enables both quantification as well as measure debittering of citrus juice showing a reduction in limonin content from 5.77 ppm to 4.29 ppm with an exposure time of 60s to the sensing material making it distinctive in comparison to other methods. The sensor's results were validated with HPLC analysis. The device is simple, low-cost and reusable which promises easy, on-site and rapid quantification and reduction of limonin content in citrus juices without having toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satyajit Das
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam 784028, India.
| | - Partha Pratim Sahu
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam 784028, India
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Sun Z, Huang D, Duan X, Hong W, Liang J. Functionalized nanoflower-like hydroxyl magnesium silicate for effective adsorption of aflatoxin B1. J Hazard Mater 2020; 387:121792. [PMID: 31818670 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), which is widely found in food and feed, poses a serious threat to the health of human and livestock. In this work, functionalized nanoflower-like hydroxyl magnesium silicate (FNHMS) was synthesized for adsorption of AFB1. First, bulk magnesium silicate (MS) was converted into nanoflower-like hydroxyl magnesium silicate (NHMS) by hydroxylation. Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTMAB) modification then enhanced the hydrophobicity and the affinity to AFB1 of NHMS. The adsorption performance for AFB1 followed the order of MS < NHMS < FNHMS, and the adsorption performance increased with the increase of the dose of CTMAB. Isothermal adsorption analysis indicated that the surface of FNHMS was heterogeneous. The adsorption capacity of FNHMS-0.4 to AFB1 was estimated to be 27.34 mg g-1 and 28.61 mg g-1 by Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm adsorption model, respectively. By analyzing the adsorption kinetics and adsorption thermodynamics, both physical adsorption and chemisorption existed in the process of AFB1 being adsorbed on FNHMS-0.4. Adsorption mechanisms analysis indicated that the adsorption followed the adsorption site priority of H > O > Mg. This work demonstrates that FNHMS could be a promising adsorbent for removal of AFB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials for Ecological Environment and Information (Hebei University of Technology), Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300130, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials, Ministry of Education (Shandong University), Jinan 250061, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Huang
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials for Ecological Environment and Information (Hebei University of Technology), Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300130, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinhui Duan
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials for Ecological Environment and Information (Hebei University of Technology), Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300130, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Hong
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials for Ecological Environment and Information (Hebei University of Technology), Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300130, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinsheng Liang
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials for Ecological Environment and Information (Hebei University of Technology), Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300130, People's Republic of China.
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Choong CE, Wong KT, Jang SB, Nah IW, Choi J, Ibrahim S, Yoon Y, Jang M. Fluoride removal by palm shell waste based powdered activated carbon vs. functionalized carbon with magnesium silicate: Implications for their application in water treatment. Chemosphere 2020; 239:124765. [PMID: 31520981 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, palm shell activated carbon powder (PSAC) and magnesium silicate (MgSiO3) modified PSAC (MPSAC) were thoroughly investigated for fluoride (F-) adsorption. F- adsorption isotherms showed that PSAC and MPSAC over-performed some other reported F- adsorbents with adsorption capacities of 116 mg g-1 and 150 mg g-1, respectively. Interestingly, the MgSiO3 impregnated layer changed the adsorption behavior of F- from monolayer to heterogeneous multilayer based on the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models verified by chi-square test (X2). Thermodynamic parameters indicated that the F- adsorption on PSAC and MPSAC was spontaneous and exothermic. PSAC and MPSAC were characterized using FESEM-EDX, XRD, FTIR and XPS to investigate the F- adsorption mechanism. Based on the regeneration tests using NaOH (0.01 M), PSAC exhibited poor regeneration (<20%) while MPSAC had steady adsorption efficiencies (∼70%) even after 5 regeneration cycles. This is due to highly polarized C-F bond was found on PSAC while Mg-F bond was distinguished on MPSAC, evidently denoting that the F- adsorption is mainly resulted from the exchange of hydroxyl (-OH) group. It was concluded that PSAC would be a potential adsorbent for in-situ F- groundwater remediation due to its capability to retain F- without leaching out in a wide range pH. MPSAC would be an alternative adsorbent for ex-situ F- water remediation because it can easily regenerate with NaOH solution. With the excellent F- adsorption properties, both PSAC and MPSAC offer as promising adsorbents for F- remediation in the aqueous phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Choe Earn Choong
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoon-Ro, Nowon-Gu, Seoul, 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Kien Tiek Wong
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoon-Ro, Nowon-Gu, Seoul, 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Byum Jang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoon-Ro, Nowon-Gu, Seoul, 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - In Wook Nah
- Center for Energy Convergence, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarangno 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeyoung Choi
- Green City Technology Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarangno 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Shaliza Ibrahim
- Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences (IOES), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
| | - Yeomin Yoon
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, 300 Main Street, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Min Jang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoon-Ro, Nowon-Gu, Seoul, 01897, Republic of Korea.
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Yuan X, Xiong T, Wang H, Wu Z, Jiang L, Zeng G, Li Y. Immobilization of heavy metals in two contaminated soils using a modified magnesium silicate stabilizer. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2018; 25:32562-32571. [PMID: 30242649 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3140-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal contamination is a severe environmental issue over the world. A lot of work has been done to develop effective stabilizers. In the present work, hydrothermal carbon-modified magnesium silicate (MS-C) was synthesized and used for the remediation of two heavy metal-polluted soils with different physicochemical properties. Soil samples were exposed to different doses of MS-C over 60 days (1, 3, and 5 wt%). The toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) and the community bureau of reference sequential extraction procedure (BCR) were used to evaluate the remediation efficiency. The bioavailability of heavy metals in both soils was reduced by 20-86.7%, and the toxicity of heavy metals was reduced by 26.6-73.2% after MS-C added. Meanwhile, soil pH and water soluble organic carbon (WSOC) were increased. In addition, soil microbial biomass was increased, which indicated the improvement of soil condition. The immobilization of heavy metals was mainly caused by electrostatic attraction and cation exchange between MS-C and heavy metals. The significantly negative correlation between extractable heavy metals and pH/WSOC indicated the positive role of pH/WSOC in metal stabilization. Thus, this new stabilizer holds great application potentials for both single and multi-metal-contaminated soil remediation. ᅟ Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingzhong Yuan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ting Xiong
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Hou Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhibin Wu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Longbo Jiang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangming Zeng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
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Choudhary R, Chatterjee A, Venkatraman SK, Koppala S, Abraham J, Swamiappan S. Antibacterial forsterite (Mg 2SiO 4) scaffold: A promising bioceramic for load bearing applications. Bioact Mater 2018; 3:218-24. [PMID: 29744460 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In the current work, forsterite samples with different surface area were investigated for its antibacterial activity. Dissolution studies show that the lower degradation of forsterite compared to other silicate bioceramics, which is a desirable property for repairing bone defects. Forsterite scaffold shows superior compressive strength than the cortical bone after immersion in simulated body fluid. Bactericidal tests indicate that the forsterite had inhibition effect on the growth of clinical bacterial isolates. Forsterite may be a suitable candidate material for load bearing applications with enhanced mechanical properties and lower degradation rate. Forsterite with higher surface area shows better degradation, mechanical stability and antibacterial activity. The compressive strength of forsterite is similar to that of cortical bone. The dissolution of Mg2+ ion and change in pH are responsible for antibacterial activity of forsterite.
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Choong CE, Ibrahim S, Yoon Y, Jang M. Removal of lead and bisphenol A using magnesium silicate impregnated palm-shell waste powdered activated carbon: Comparative studies on single and binary pollutant adsorption. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2018; 148:142-151. [PMID: 29040822 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this work, palm shell waste powder activated carbon coated by magnesium silicate (PPAC-MS) were synthesized by the impregnation of magnesium silicate (MgSiO3) using economical material (silicon dioxide powder) via mild hydrothermal approach for the first time. As an effective adsorbent, PPAC-MS simultaneously removes BPA and Pb(II) in single and binary mode. Surprisingly, PPAC-MS exhibited a homogeneous thin plate mesh-like structure, as well as meso- and macropores with a high surface area of 772.1m2g-1. Due to its specific morphological characteristics, PPAC-MS had adsorption capacities of Pb(II) as high as 419.9mgg-1 and 408.8mgg-1 in single mode and binary mode based on Freudliuch isotherm model while those for BPA by PPAC-MS were 168.4mgg-1 and 254.7mgg-1 for single mode and binary modes corresponding to Langmuir isotherm model. Experiment results also indicated that the synergistic removal of BPA occurred because the precipitation process of Pb(II) leads to the co-precipitation of BPA with Pb(OH)2 compound. PPAC-MS showed a good reusability for 5 regeneration cycles using Mg(II) solution followed by thermal treatment. Overall, PPAC-MS has a high potential in the treatment process for wastewater containing both toxic heavy metals and emerging pollutants due to its high sorption capacities and reusability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Choe Earn Choong
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Shaliza Ibrahim
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Yeomin Yoon
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Min Jang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoon-Ro, Nowon-Gu, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea.
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Gadikota G, Natali C, Boschi C, Park AHA. Morphological changes during enhanced carbonation of asbestos containing material and its comparison to magnesium silicate minerals. J Hazard Mater 2014; 264:42-52. [PMID: 24269972 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.09.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2013] [Revised: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 09/28/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The disintegration of asbestos containing materials (ACM) over time can result in the mobilization of toxic chrysotile ((Mg, Fe)3Si2O5(OH)4)) fibers. Therefore, carbonation of these materials can be used to alter the fibrous morphology of asbestos and help mitigate anthropogenic CO2 emissions, depending on the amount of available alkaline metal in the materials. A series of high pressure carbonation experiments were performed in a batch reactor at PCO2 of 139atm using solvents containing different ligands (i.e., oxalate and acetate). The results of ACM carbonation were compared to those of magnesium silicate minerals which have been proposed to permanently store CO2 via mineral carbonation. The study revealed that oxalate even at a low concentration of 0.1M was effective in enhancing the extent of ACM carbonation and higher reaction temperatures also resulted in increased ACM carbonation. Formation of phases such as dolomite ((Ca, Mg)(CO3)2), whewellite (CaC2O4·H2O) and glushinskite (MgC2O4·2H2O) and a reduction in the chrysotile content was noted. Significant changes in the particle size and surface morphologies of ACM and magnesium silicate minerals toward non-fibrous structures were observed after their carbonation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greeshma Gadikota
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, 500 West 120th Street, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Claudio Natali
- Institute of Geosciences and Earth Resources - National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
| | - Chiara Boschi
- Institute of Geosciences and Earth Resources - National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ah-Hyung Alissa Park
- Department of Earth and Environmental Engineering, Columbia University, 500 West 120th Street, New York, NY 10027, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, 500 West 120th Street, New York, NY 10027, USA; Lenfest Center for Sustainable Energy, Columbia University, 500 West 120th Street, New York, NY 10027, USA.
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Polat B, Halici Z, Cadirci E, Albayrak A, Karakus E, Bayir Y, Bilen H, Sahin A, Yuksel TN. The effect of alpha-lipoic acid in ovariectomy and inflammation-mediated osteoporosis on the skeletal status of rat bone. Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 718:469-74. [PMID: 23911880 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2013] [Revised: 07/10/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a high mortality and morbidity ranged skeletal disease and results in high costs of medical care in the European Union. We evaluated the possible protective effect of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) on rat bone metabolism in ovariectomy and inflammation-mediated osteoporosis models. Groups were designed as: (1) sham; (2) sham+inflammation; (3) ovariectomy (OVX); (4) ovariectomy+ALA-25mg/kg; (5) ovariectomy+ALA-50mg/kg; (6) ovariectomy+inflammation; (7) ovariectomy+inflammation+ALA-25mg/kg; and (8) ovariectomy+inflammation+ALA-50mg/kg groups. OVX groups were allowed to recover for two months. Then, inflammation was induced in inflammation groups by subcutaneous talc injection. ALA-25mg/kg and 50mg/kg were administered to drug groups chronically. The skeletal response was assessed by bone mineral density (BMD), osteopontin and osteocalcin measurements. Pro-inflammatory cytokine measurements (interleukin (IL)-1 beta, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha) were performed to observe inflammatory process. In OVX, INF and OVX+INF groups, BMD levels were lowest and osteocalcin, osteopontin, IL-1 beta, IL-6, and TNF-alpha levels were highest when compared to sham group. ALA administration increased BMD levels and decreased osteocalcin, osteopontin, IL-1 beta, IL-6, and TNF-alpha levels versus OVX and OVX+INF control groups. Both in senile and postmenopausal osteoporosis, the balance in coupling were destroyed on behalf of bone resorption. ALA had a protective effect on both senile and postmenopausal osteoporosis. The positive effect of this drug in these osteoporosis models might originate from its positive effects on bone turnover markers and cytokine levels. From this perspective, ALA may be a candidate for radical osteoporosis treatment both in senile and postmenopausal types clinically at the end of advanced studies.
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