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Ryan AS, Beamer BA, Gruber-Baldini AL, Craik RL, Golden J, Guralnik J, Hochberg MC, Mangione KK, Orwig D, Rathbun AM, Magaziner J. Effects of Multicomponent Home-Based Intervention on Muscle Composition, Fitness, and Bone Density After Hip Fracture. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2024; 79:glae078. [PMID: 38452133 PMCID: PMC11025556 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glae078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mechanistic factors on the pathway to improving independent ambulatory ability among hip fracture patients by a multicomponent home-based physical therapy intervention that emphasized aerobic, strength, balance, and functional training are unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of 2 different home-based physical therapy programs on muscle area and attenuation (reflects muscle density) of the lower extremities, bone mineral density (BMD), and aerobic capacity. METHODS Randomized controlled trial of home-based 16 weeks of strength, endurance, balance, and function exercises (PUSH, n = 19) compared to seated active range-of-motion exercises and transcutaneous electrical neurostimulation (PULSE, n = 18) in community-dwelling adults >60 years of age within 26 weeks of hip fracture. RESULTS In PUSH and PULSE groups combined, the fractured leg had lower muscle area and muscle attenuation and higher subcutaneous fat than the nonfractured leg (p < .001) at baseline. At 16 weeks, mean muscle area of the fractured leg was higher in the PUSH than PULSE group (p = .04). Changes in muscle area were not significantly different when compared to the comparative PULSE group. There was a clinically relevant difference in change in femoral neck BMD between groups (p = .05) that showed an increase after PULSE and decrease after PUSH. There were generally no between-group differences in mean VO2peak tests at 16-week follow-up, except the PUSH group reached a higher max incline (p = .04). CONCLUSIONS The treatment effects of a multicomponent home-based physical therapy intervention on muscle composition, BMD, and aerobic capacity were not significantly different than an active control intervention in older adults recovering from hip fracture. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01783704.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice S Ryan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gerontology, Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Baltimore VAMC, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), VA Maryland Health Care System
| | - Brock A Beamer
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gerontology, Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Baltimore VAMC, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), VA Maryland Health Care System
| | - Ann L Gruber-Baldini
- Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Rebecca L Craik
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, Arcadia University, Glenside, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Justine Golden
- Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jack Guralnik
- Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Marc C Hochberg
- Department of Medicine, UMSOM and Medical Care Clinical Center, VA Maryland Health Care System, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, UMSOM and Medical Care Clinical Center, VA Maryland Health Care System, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Kathleen K Mangione
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, Arcadia University, Glenside, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Denise Orwig
- Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Alan M Rathbun
- Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jay Magaziner
- Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Grozier C, Keen M, Collins K, Tolzman J, Fajardo R, Slade JM, Kuenze C, Harkey MS. Rectus Femoris Ultrasound Echo Intensity Is a Valid Estimate of Percent Intramuscular Fat in Patients Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction. Ultrasound Med Biol 2023; 49:2590-2595. [PMID: 37770296 PMCID: PMC10595047 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2023.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the work described here was to evaluate quadriceps muscle ultrasound metrics and common demographic variables to create a conversion equation that validly predicts magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) percent intramuscular fat after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). METHODS We recruited 15 participants between the ages of 18 and 35 y who were 1-5 y post-ACLR. For the MRI assessment, we used an iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetry and least-squares estimation (IDEAL) sequence to assess the mid-thigh. A single reader manually segmented the rectus femoris on two consecutive MRI slices using ITK-Snap to estimate the percent intramuscular fat. For the ultrasound assessment, a single investigator captured transverse panoramic ultrasound images of the mid-thigh with the participant positioned supine and the knee flexed to 30°. A separate single reader used ImageJ to manually segment the rectus femoris ultrasound images. Ultrasound metrics included muscle cross-sectional area, echo intensity and subcutaneous fat thickness. A stepwise linear multiple regression was used to develop an equation to predict MRI percent intramuscular fat using the ultrasound metrics and common demographics (i.e., age, sex, height, mass). Additionally, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC2,k) and Bland-Altman plots were used to assess the agreement between true and estimated percent intramuscular fat. RESULTS Echo intensity and age significantly predicted MRI intramuscular fat percent (p = 0.003, r2 = 0.62). When using the conversion equation, there was high agreement (ICC2,k = 0.87, 95% confidence interval: 0.62-0.96) between the estimated and true percent intramuscular fat. CONCLUSION Our patient population-specific conversion equation that uses quadriceps muscle ultrasound echo intensity and age is a valid estimate of MRI percent intramuscular fat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corey Grozier
- Department of Kinesiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Megan Keen
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Katherine Collins
- Department of Kinesiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Jessica Tolzman
- Department of Kinesiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | | | - Jill M Slade
- Department of Radiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Christopher Kuenze
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Matthew S Harkey
- Department of Kinesiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
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Giraudo C, Modugno A, Negro G, Dell'Amore A, Cecchin D, Motta R, Balestro E, Boscolo A, Calabrese F, Faccioli E, Navalesi P, Vianello A, Rea F, Stramare R. Radiomics of spinal muscles: toward a radiological biomarker for allograft rejection in lung transplant. Radiol Med 2023; 128:1070-1078. [PMID: 37458906 PMCID: PMC10474186 DOI: 10.1007/s11547-023-01674-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the role of muscle composition and radiomics in predicting allograft rejection in lung transplant. MATERIAL AND METHODS The last available HRCT before surgery of lung transplant candidates referring to our tertiary center from January 2010 to February 2020 was retrospectively examined. Only scans with B30 kernel reconstructions and 1 mm slice thickness were included. One radiologist segmented the spinal muscles of each patient at the level of the 11th dorsal vertebra by an open-source software. The same software was used to extract Hu values and 72 radiomic features of first and second order. Factor analysis was applied to select highly correlating features and then their prognostic value for allograft rejection was investigated by logistic regression analysis (level of significance p < 0.05). In case of significant results, the diagnostic value of the model was computed by ROC curves. RESULTS Overall 200 patients had a HRCT prior to the transplant but only 97 matched the inclusion criteria (29 women; mean age 50.4 ± 13 years old). Twenty-one patients showed allograft rejection. The following features were selected by the factor analysis: cluster prominence, Imc2, gray level non-uniformity normalized, median, kurtosis, gray level non-uniformity, and inverse variance. The radiomic-based model including also Hu demonstrated that only the feature Imc2 acts as a predictor of allograft rejection (p = 0.021). The model showed 76.6% accuracy and the Imc2 value of 0.19 demonstrated 81% sensitivity and 64.5% specificity in predicting lung transplant rejection. CONCLUSION The radiomic feature Imc2 demonstrated to be a predictor of allograft rejection in lung transplant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Giraudo
- Unit of Advanced Clinical and Translational Imaging, Department of Medicine - DIMED, University of Padova, Padua, Italy.
| | - Antonella Modugno
- Unit of Advanced Clinical and Translational Imaging, Department of Medicine - DIMED, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Giacomo Negro
- Unit of Advanced Clinical and Translational Imaging, Department of Medicine - DIMED, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Andrea Dell'Amore
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Diego Cecchin
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine - DIMED, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Raffaella Motta
- Unit of Advanced Clinical and Translational Imaging, Department of Medicine - DIMED, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Balestro
- Respiratory Disease Unit, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Annalisa Boscolo
- Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Fiorella Calabrese
- Pathological Anatomy Section, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Eleonora Faccioli
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Paolo Navalesi
- Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Andrea Vianello
- Respiratory Pathophysiology Division, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Federico Rea
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Roberto Stramare
- Unit of Advanced Clinical and Translational Imaging, Department of Medicine - DIMED, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
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Seyedhoseinpoor T, Taghipour M, Dadgoo M, Sanjari MA, Takamjani IE, Kazemnejad A, Khoshamooz Y, Hides J. Alteration of lumbar muscle morphology and composition in relation to low back pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Spine J 2022; 22:660-76. [PMID: 34718177 DOI: 10.1016/j.spinee.2021.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CONTEXT Previous studies have proposed that there is a relationship between low back pain (LBP) and morphology and composition of paraspinal muscles. However, results have been conflicting, especially regarding fatty infiltration of muscles. PURPOSE The primary goal of this study was to review and analyze results from imaging studies which investigated morphological and composition changes in the multifidus, erector spinae and psoas major muscles in people with LBP. STUDY DESIGN/SETTING Systematic review with meta-analysis. PATIENT SAMPLE A patient sample was not required OUTCOME MEASURES: This review did not have outcome measures. METHODS PubMed, Scopus, Web of Sciences, EMBASE and ProQuest were searched for eligible studies up to 31st July 2020 (all languages). A systematic search of electronic databases was conducted to identify studies investigating the association between the morphology and fat content of lumbar muscles in people with LBP compared with a (no LBP) control group. 13,795 articles were identified. Based on the screening for inclusion/ exclusion, 25 were included. The quality of the studies was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. From the 25 articles, 20 were included in the meta-analysis. RESULTS Results showed that the total cross-sectional area of the multifidus was smaller in people with LBP (Standardized mean difference, SMD = -0.24, 95% CI = -0.5 to 0.03). Combined SMDs showed a medium effect of LBP on increasing multifidus muscle fat infiltration (SMD = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.30 to 0.91). There were no LBP related differences identified in the morphology or composition of the lumbar erector spine and psoas major muscles. CONCLUSIONS People with LBP were found to have somewhat smaller multifidus muscles with a significant amount of intramuscular fat infiltration. Varying sample size, age and BMI of participants, quality of studies and the procedures used to measure fat infiltration are possible reasons for inconsistencies in results of previous studies.
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Svane C, Forman CR, Rasul A, Nielsen JB, Lorentzen J. Muscle Contractures in Adults With Cerebral Palsy Characterized by Combined Ultrasound-Derived Echo Intensity and Handheld Dynamometry Measures. Ultrasound Med Biol 2022; 48:694-701. [PMID: 35065812 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2021.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We used ultrasound-derived echo intensity and hand-held dynamometry to characterize plantar flexor muscle contractures in adults with cerebral palsy (CP). Eleven adults with CP (aged 41 ± 12 y, Gross Motor Function Classification System I-II) and 11 neurologically intact adults (aged 35 ± 10 y) participated in the study. Echo intensity was measured from the medial gastrocnemius muscle using brightness mode ultrasound. Hand-held dynamometry was used to quantify plantar flexor passive muscle stiffness and ankle joint passive range of motion (pROM). Echo intensity correlated with both passive muscle stiffness (r = 0.57, p = 0.006) and pROM (r = -0.56, p = 0.006). Ultrasound echo intensity (p = 0.02, standardized mean difference [SMD] = 1.13) and passive muscle stiffness (p < 0.001, SMD = 1.99) were higher and ankle joint pROM (p < 0.001, SMD = 2.69) was lower in adults with CP than in neurologically intact adults. We conclude that combined ultrasound-derived echo intensity and hand-held dynamometry may be used to provide an objective characterization of muscle contractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Svane
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Elsass Foundation, Charlottenlund, Denmark.
| | - Christian Riis Forman
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Elsass Foundation, Charlottenlund, Denmark
| | - Aqella Rasul
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens Bo Nielsen
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Elsass Foundation, Charlottenlund, Denmark
| | - Jakob Lorentzen
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Elsass Foundation, Charlottenlund, Denmark
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Nienow MK, Foley SP, Nowak KL, Braunschweig CA, Peterson SJ. Relationship between blood glucose variability and muscle composition in ICU patients receiving nutrition support: A pilot study. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2021; 46:356-60. [PMID: 34857220 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.09.732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Many critically ill patients experience increased blood glucose variability (BGV). The objective of the current pilot study was to assess the relationship between muscle composition (defined as average Hounsfield units (HU)) among ICU patients with an abdominal CT scan within seven days of intubation, and BGV (defined as coefficient of variation (CV)) calculated from blood glucose levels measured each morning while intubated. METHODS The first serum blood glucose measurement obtained each day during intubation was recorded, blood glucose CV ((mean/SD)∗100) was calculated. Cross-sectional muscle area (CSA; cm2) at the third lumbar region was identified using the -29 to +150 HU range; muscle composition was calculated as the average HU. BGV predictors were determined using linear regression. RESULTS Eighty-two patients were included (53% female), with a median age of 64 (25th, 75 percentile (IQR): 51, 70) years. The median CV was 29% (IQR: 20, 37); 40% of subjects required insulin. The median CSA was 100.4 cm2 (IQR: 84.0, 120.8) and muscle composition was 20.4 HU (IQR: 12.2, 29.4). Patients received only 36% of estimated calorie requirements. Insulin administration, history of diabetes, and muscle composition were significant BGV predictors. CONCLUSION Among these adult intubated ICU patients, higher muscle composition was associated with lower BGV. Future research is needed to corroborate these findings, determine other factors associated with poor muscle quality, and identify methods to describe muscle composition for all ICU patients.
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Lebret B, Lenoir H, Daré S, Fonseca A, Fève K, Riquet J, Mercat MJ. Finishing season and feeding resources influence the quality of products from extensive-system Gascon pigs. Part 1: Carcass traits and quality of fresh loin. Animal 2021; 15:100240. [PMID: 34147409 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2021.100240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Consumers perceive pork products from local breeds reared in extensive systems positively because of their specific quality properties and regional identity. The sensory, nutritional and technological qualities of these products depend, among other things, on pig production, especially its climatic conditions and the availability of feed resources, which can influence traits of muscle and fat tissue. The present study (part 1) was part of a larger project that assessed the influence of the finishing season and feeding resources on carcass and tissue traits and the quality of meat and dry-cured ham from Gascon pigs in an extensive system. Following the specifications of the Protected Designation of Origin "Noir de Bigorre", castrated Gascon males were reared on rangelands (grassland and forest areas) and received a supplementary diet from 5 to 6 months of age until slaughter at a minimum of 12 months of age and ca. 170 kg live weight. Three finishing seasons were considered as follows: Winter (n = 18), Spring (n = 22) and Autumn (n = 23). To estimate specific effects of season on productive and quality traits and avoid bias due to effects of genes known to influence these traits, polymorphisms in the RYR1, PRKAG3, MC4R and LEPR genes were included in the analysis models. The finishing season did not influence growth rate. Compared to Winter pigs, Spring and Autumn pigs had slightly lower carcass fatness (P < 0.05), higher ultimate pH and redder and darker color of the Longissimus muscle (LM) (P < 0.01). Loin drip loss was low overall, but was higher for Spring pigs, whereas cooking loss and shear force were similar among seasons. Spring pigs tended to have the lowest LM lipid content, whereas LM myoglobin content remained unaffected. Autumn pigs had lower potential of lipid oxidation in LM than Winter and Spring pigs (P < 0.01), but muscle metabolic traits assessed via glycolytic and oxidative enzyme activities did not differ among seasons. The finishing season modified the backfat fatty acid (FA) profile, with a lower polyunsaturated FA percentage in Autumn pigs than Winter or Spring pigs (P < 0.001), even though the saturated and monounsaturated FA percentages did not differ. In particular, Spring pigs had the lowest n-6:n-3 and C18:2:C18:3 ratios (P < 0.001), as a result of grazing. Overall, Spring and Autumn finishing seasons seem more favorable to technological and sensory pork attributes, with an additional positive effect of Spring finishing on pork nutritional value.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Lebret
- PEGASE (Physiology, Environment, and Genetics for the Animal and Livestock Systems), INRAE (French National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment), Institut Agro, 35590 Saint-Gilles, France.
| | - H Lenoir
- IFIP (French Institute for Pig and Pork Industry), 35651 Le Rheu, France
| | - S Daré
- PEGASE (Physiology, Environment, and Genetics for the Animal and Livestock Systems), INRAE (French National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment), Institut Agro, 35590 Saint-Gilles, France
| | - A Fonseca
- Consortium du Noir de Bigorre, 65290 Louey, France
| | - K Fève
- GenPhySE (Genetics, Physiology and Livestock Systems), INRAE (French National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment), Université de Toulouse, 31320 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - J Riquet
- GenPhySE (Genetics, Physiology and Livestock Systems), INRAE (French National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment), Université de Toulouse, 31320 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - M J Mercat
- IFIP (French Institute for Pig and Pork Industry), 35651 Le Rheu, France
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Dotan R, Woods S, Contessa P. On the reliability and validity of central fatigue determination. Eur J Appl Physiol 2021; 121:2393-2411. [PMID: 33966110 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-021-04700-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Physical performance fatigue can be ascribed to both peripheral and central components. Central fatigue, however, is an elusive entity, consisting of cognitive/sensory component and presumably also a neuro-physiological component that are difficult to tease apart and assess independently of each other. The most widely accepted method for the assessment of central fatigue is based on the premise that decreasing volitional muscle activation (VA), as determined by the interpolated twitch technique (ITT) in fatiguing muscles, reflects increasing central fatigue. Suffering its own shortcomings, the validity of VA determination under fatigued conditions has never been proven and is only assumed. This review presents evidence that questions ITT's reliability and validity in reflecting VA in the fatiguing muscle and, consequently, VA's validity for central fatigue assessment. Specifically highlighted is the paradox of children and endurance athletes, who share striking endurance characteristics, being claimed as more centrally fatigable than untrained adults. Further research and new directions are needed for confirming and quantifying central fatigue and teasing apart its psychologic and neuromotor components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffy Dotan
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St Catharines, ON, Canada.
| | - Stacey Woods
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St Catharines, ON, Canada
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Paris MT, Mourtzakis M. Muscle Composition Analysis of Ultrasound Images: A Narrative Review of Texture Analysis. Ultrasound Med Biol 2021; 47:880-895. [PMID: 33451817 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2020.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle composition, often characterized by the degree of intramuscular adipose tissue, deteriorates with aging and disease and contributes to impairments in function and metabolism. Ultrasound can provide surrogate measures of muscle composition through measurement of echo intensity; however, there are several limitations associated with its analysis. More complex image processing features, broadly known as texture analysis, can also provide surrogates of muscle composition and may circumvent some of the limitations associated with muscle echo intensity. Here, texture features from the intensity histogram, gray-level co-occurrence matrix, run-length matrix, local binary pattern, blob analysis, texture anisotropy index and wavelet analysis are discussed. The purpose of this review was to provide a conceptual understanding of texture analysis as it pertains to muscle composition of ultrasound images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael T Paris
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Marina Mourtzakis
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
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Auclair A, Piché ME, Biertho L, Marceau S, Poirier P. Changes in fat-free mass and muscle mass at 6 and 12 months after biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch surgery. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2020; 16:878-885. [PMID: 32336664 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2020.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bariatric surgery is associated with concomitant loss in both fat and muscle masses. Literature on muscle composition/quality after bariatric surgery is limited. OBJECTIVES To measure and compare the changes in fat-free mass with the changes in muscle composition after biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch surgery (BPD/DS). SETTING Bariatric surgery is associated with concomitant loss in both fat and muscle masses. Literature on muscle composition/quality after bariatric surgery is limited. METHODS Forty patients underwent BPD/DS and 22 patients are considered as controls. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (body composition) and computed tomography scan at the midthigh and abdominal levels (muscle composition) were performed at baseline, 6, and 12 months. RESULTS At 6 and 12 months, the BPD/DS group displayed significant reduction in weight (12 months: -46.6 ± 13.5 kg) and fat-free mass (12 months: -8.2 ± 4.4 kg; both P < .001). A significant reduction in abdominal (-15 ± 8%, P < .001) and midthigh muscle areas (-18 ± 7%, P < .001) was observed during the first postoperative 6 months, followed by a plateau after 6 months (abdominal: -1 ± 5%, midthigh: -1 ± 4%, both P > .05). At 6 months, both midthigh fat-infiltrated muscle (-22 ± 10%, P < .001) and normal-density muscle (-16 ± 9%, P < .001) areas decreased. Further reduction at 12 months was only observed in the fat-infiltrated muscle (-11 ± 8%, P < .001) in comparison with an increase in the normal-density muscle area (5 ± 8%, P = .001). There was no significant change for the control group. CONCLUSIONS Reduction in muscle, assessed with computed tomography scans, occurs mostly during the first 6 months postoperatively after BPD/DS. Focus on muscle quantity as well as quality, using precise imaging methods, instead of quantifying total body lean mass, is likely to provide better assessment in body content modulation after BPD/DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Auclair
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Marie-Eve Piché
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, Canada
| | - Laurent Biertho
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, Canada
| | - Simon Marceau
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, Canada
| | - Paul Poirier
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Canada; Faculty of Pharmacy, Laval University, Québec, Canada.
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Burian E, Franz D, Greve T, Dieckmeyer M, Holzapfel C, Drabsch T, Sollmann N, Probst M, Kirschke JS, Rummeny EJ, Zimmer C, Hauner H, Karampinos DC, Baum T. Age- and gender-related variations of cervical muscle composition using chemical shift encoding-based water-fat MRI. Eur J Radiol 2020; 125:108904. [PMID: 32088656 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2020.108904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To understand fat distribution patterns and ectopic fat deposition in healthy adults and to provide normative data, encompassing the borders of physiological regional muscle composition. For this purpose chemical shift encoding-based water-fat Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) was used for proton density fat fraction (PDFF) calculations. MATERIAL AND METHODS 91 volunteers were enrolled (male: n = 28, age = 36.6 ± 11.4 years; female: n = 63, age = 38.5 ± 15.1 years). PDFF values combined for the multifidus, semispinalis and spinalis cervicis muscles at the level of the 3rd cervical vertebral body (C3), the 5th cervical vertebral body (C5) and the first thoracic vertebral body (Th1) were extracted. RESULTS The paraspinal musculature at C3 (14.8 ± 10.1 % vs. 19.2 ± 11.0 %; p = 0.029) and Th1 (13.8 ± 7.0 % vs 17.7 ± 7.4 %; p = 0.011) showed significantly lower PDFF values in men compared to women. Partial correlation testing with BMI as control variable revealed highly significant correlations between the paraspinal musculature PDFF at C3 (men: r = 0.504, p = 0.007; women: r = 0.279, p = 0.028), C5 (men: r = 0.450, p = 0.019; women: r = 0.347, p = 0.006) and Th1 (men: r = 0.652, p < 0.0001; women: r = 0.443, p < 0.0001) with age in both genders. CONCLUSION The present data suggest gender and age-specific fat deposition patterns of the cervical and the upper cervicothoracic paraspinal muscles and may provide reference values for pathology detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egon Burian
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany.
| | - Daniela Franz
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany.
| | - Tobias Greve
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany.
| | - Michael Dieckmeyer
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany.
| | - Christina Holzapfel
- Institute for Nutritional Medicine, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Georg-Brauchle-Ring 62, 80992, Munich, Germany.
| | - Theresa Drabsch
- Institute for Nutritional Medicine, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Georg-Brauchle-Ring 62, 80992, Munich, Germany.
| | - Nico Sollmann
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany.
| | - Monika Probst
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany.
| | - Jan S Kirschke
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany.
| | - Ernst J Rummeny
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany.
| | - Claus Zimmer
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany.
| | - Hans Hauner
- Institute for Nutritional Medicine, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Georg-Brauchle-Ring 62, 80992, Munich, Germany.
| | - Dimitrios C Karampinos
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany.
| | - Thomas Baum
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany.
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12
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Lavezzi SM, Rocchetti M, Bettica P, Petrini S, De Nicolao G. Assessing drug effect from distributional data: A population approach with application to Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy treatment. Comput Methods Programs Biomed 2019; 178:329-342. [PMID: 31416560 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2019.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE In Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) treatment, muscle fiber size can be considered as an indicator of muscle health and function. In particular, the statistical distribution of fibers cross-sectional areas (CSAs) has been used as quantitative efficacy endpoint. For each patient, assessment of treatment effect relies on the comparison of pre- and post-treatment biopsies. Since biopsies provide "distributional data", i.e. empirical distributions of fibers CSA, the comparison must be carried out between the empirical pre- and post-treatment distributions. METHODS Here, distributional fiber CSA data are analyzed by means of a hierarchical statistical model based on the population approach, considering both the single patient and the population level. RESULTS The proposed method was used to assess the histological clinical effects of Givinostat, a compound under study for DMD treatment. At the single patient level, a two-component Gaussian mixture adequately represents pre- and post-treatment distributions of log-transformed CSAs; drug effect is described via a dose-dependent multiplicative increase of muscle fiber size. The single patient model was also validated via muscle composition data. At the patient population level, typical model parameters and inter-patient variabilities were obtained. CONCLUSIONS The proposed methodological approach completely characterizes fiber CSA distributions and quantifies drug effect on muscle fiber size, both at the single patient and at the patient population level. This approach might be applied also in other contexts, where outcomes measured in terms of distributional data are to be assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Lavezzi
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale e dell'Informazione, Università degli Studi di Pavia, via Ferrata 5, Pavia 27100, Italy.
| | - M Rocchetti
- Independent Consultant, via Marcantonio Colonna 43, Milan 20149, Italy
| | - P Bettica
- Italfarmaco S.p.A., via dei Lavoratori 54, Cinisello Balsamo, Milan 20092, Italy
| | - S Petrini
- Confocal Microscopy Core Facility Research Center, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Viale San Paolo 15, Rome 00146, Italy
| | - G De Nicolao
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale e dell'Informazione, Università degli Studi di Pavia, via Ferrata 5, Pavia 27100, Italy
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13
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Reding KW, Brubaker P, D’Agostino R, Kitzman DW, Nicklas B, Langford D, Grodesky M, Hundley WG. Increased skeletal intermuscular fat is associated with reduced exercise capacity in cancer survivors: a cross-sectional study. Cardiooncology 2019; 5:3. [PMID: 32154010 PMCID: PMC7048042 DOI: 10.1186/s40959-019-0038-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer survivors experience on average a 20% reduction in peak exercise capacity (VO2 peak) post-cancer treatment. Intermuscular fat (IMF) is a strong predictor of reduced exercise capacity in heart failure (HF) patients; however it is unknown whether increased IMF is related to reduced VO2 peak in cancer survivors. METHODS AND RESULTS Twenty eight individuals: 14 cancer survivors > 12-months post-cancer treatment and 14 individuals without cancer were matched on age, gender, and body mass index (BMI). Participants underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) assessments of IMF within the paraspinal muscles, VO2 peak and exercise-associated measures of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Blinded analyses were performed. Associations between the ratio of IMF to skeletal muscle (SM) were estimated using Pearson's partial correlation coefficients. Individuals with cancer and non-cancer comparators were of similar age (54 ± 17 versus 54 ± 15 years; p = 1.0), gender (5 men and 9 women, both groups), and BMI (27 ± 4 versus 26 ± 4; p = 0.57). Peak VO2 was 22% lower in cancer survivors versus non-cancer comparators (26.9 vs 34.3 ml/kg/min; p = 0.005), and was correlated with IMF:SM in both cancer survivors and non-cancer individuals after accounting for exercise-associated LVEF, resting LVEF, BMI, other body fat depots, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) co-morbidities (p < 0.001 to 0.08 for all adjusted correlations). CONCLUSION Among cancer survivors that previously received anthracyclines, increased intermuscular fat is associated with reduced VO2 peak even after accounting for exercise-associated cardiac function. This suggests IMF is important in the development of exercise intolerance, an outcome experienced by a large number of cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerryn W. Reding
- Department of Biobehavioral Nursing and Health Informatics, University of Washington School of Nursing, Seattle, WA USA
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutch Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA USA
| | - Peter Brubaker
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC USA
| | - Ralph D’Agostino
- Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC USA
| | - Dalane W. Kitzman
- Department of Internal Medicine (Section on Cardiology), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1045 USA
| | - Barbara Nicklas
- Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC USA
| | - Dale Langford
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA USA
| | - Michael Grodesky
- Department of Psychosocial and Community Health, University of Washington School of Nursing, Seattle, WA USA
| | - W. Gregory Hundley
- Department of Internal Medicine (Section on Cardiology), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1045 USA
- Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Richmond, VA USA
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14
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Honkanen T, Mäntysaari M, Leino T, Avela J, Kerttula L, Haapamäki V, Kyröläinen H. Cross-sectional area of the paraspinal muscles and its association with muscle strength among fighter pilots: a 5-year follow-up. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2019; 20:170. [PMID: 30991977 PMCID: PMC6469149 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-019-2551-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A small cross sectional area (CSA) of the paraspinal muscles may be related to low back pain among military aviators but previous studies have mainly concentrated on spinal disc degeneration. Therefore, the primary aim of the study was to investigate the changes in muscle CSA and composition of the psoas and paraspinal muscles during a 5-year follow up among Finnish Air Force (FINAF) fighter pilots. Methods Study population consisted of 26 volunteered FINAF male fighter pilots (age: 20.6 (±0.6) at the baseline). The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations were collected at baseline and after 5 years of follow-up. CSA and composition of the paraspinal and psoas muscles were obtained at the levels of 3–4 and 4–5 lumbar spine. Maximal isometric strength tests were only performed on one occasion at baseline. Results The follow-up comparisons indicated that the mean CSA of the paraspinal muscles increased (p < 0.01) by 8% at L3–4 level and 7% at L4–5 level during the 5-year period. There was no change in muscle composition during the follow-up period. The paraspinal and psoas muscles’ CSA was positively related to overall maximal isometric strength at the baseline. However, there was no association between LBP and muscle composition or CSA. Conclusions The paraspinal muscles’ CSA increased among FINAF fighter pilots during the first 5 years of service. This might be explained by physically demanding work and regular physical activity. However, no associations between muscle composition or CSA and low back pain (LBP) experienced were observed after the five-year follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuomas Honkanen
- Centre for Military Medicine, P.O.Box 50, FI-00301, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Matti Mäntysaari
- Centre for Military Medicine, P.O.Box 50, FI-00301, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tuomo Leino
- Air Force Command Finland, Tikkakoski, Finland.,Department of Leadership and Military Pedagogy, National Defense University, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Janne Avela
- Neuromuscular Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | | | | | - Heikki Kyröläinen
- Neuromuscular Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.,Department of Leadership and Military Pedagogy, National Defense University, Helsinki, Finland
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15
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Lustgarten MS, Fielding RA. Metabolites related to renal function, immune activation, and carbamylation are associated with muscle composition in older adults. Exp Gerontol 2017; 100:1-10. [PMID: 29030163 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Reduced skeletal muscle density in older adults is associated with insulin resistance, decreased physical function, and an increased all-cause mortality risk. To elucidate mechanisms that may underlie the maintenance of skeletal muscle density, we conducted a secondary analysis of previously published muscle composition and serum metabolomic data in 73 older adults (average age, 78y). Multivariable-adjusted linear regression was used to examine associations between 321 metabolites with muscle composition, defined as the ratio between normal density (NDM) with low density (LDM) thigh muscle cross sectional area (NDM/LDM). Sixty metabolites were significantly (p≤0.05 and q<0.30) associated with NDM/LDM. Decreased renal function and the immune response have been previously linked with reduced muscle density, but the mechanisms underlying these connections are less clear. Metabolites that were significantly associated with muscle composition were then tested for their association with circulating markers of renal function (blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, uric acid), and with the immune response (neutrophils/lymphocytes) and activation (kynurenine/tryptophan). 43 significant NDM/LDM metabolites (including urea) were co-associated with at least 1 marker of renal function; 23 of these metabolites have been previously identified as uremic solutes. The neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio was significantly associated with NDM/LDM (β±SE: -0.3±0.1, p=0.01, q=0.04). 35 significant NDM/LDM metabolites were co-associated with immune activation. Carbamylation (defined as homocitrulline/lysine) was identified as a pathway that may link renal function and immune activation with muscle composition, as 29 significant NDM/LDM metabolites were co-associated with homocitrulline/lysine, with at least 2 markers of renal function, and with kynurenine/tryptophan. When considering that elevated urea and uremic metabolites have been linked with an increased systemic microbial burden, that antimicrobial defense can be reduced in the presence of carbamylation, and that adipocytes can promote host defense, we propose the novel hypothesis that the age-related increase in adipogenesis within muscle may be a compensatory antimicrobial response to protect against an elevated microbial burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Lustgarten
- Nutrition, Exercise Physiology, and Sarcopenia Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Roger A Fielding
- Nutrition, Exercise Physiology, and Sarcopenia Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
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16
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Marques EA, Figueiredo P, Gudnason V, Lang T, Sigurdsson G, Sigurdsson S, Aspelund T, Siggeirsdottir K, Launer L, Eiriksdottir G, Harris TB. Associations of 24-hour sleep duration and CT-derived measurements of muscle and bone: The AGES-Reykjavik Study. Exp Gerontol 2017; 93:1-6. [PMID: 28404506 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2017.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Revised: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the importance of sleep on preservation of several physiological functions is well known, the relationship with the two interconnected tissues - muscle and bone is less understood. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to examine the association of 24-hour sleep duration with mid-thigh muscle composition and proximal femur volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD). METHODS 2438 men and 3326 women aged 66 to 96years, residents in the Reykjavik area, were included in this cross-sectional study. Proximal femur integral vBMD, mid-thigh muscle area and muscle attenuation were assessed with computed tomography. Sleep and nap habits were assessed using a questionnaire. RESULTS We found that after adjustment for age and BMI long sleep duration (>8h/d) was negatively associated with thigh lean area in both men (B=-2.21, 95% confidence interval (CI): -4.01, -0.40) and women (B=-2.39, 95% CI: -3.75, -1.03) and with muscle attenuation (B=-0.95, 95% CI: -1.47, -0.43) only in women. After adjustments for age, health and lifestyle factors the association between long sleep duration and muscle lean area was attenuated and became nonsignificant while associations with muscle attenuation remained marginally significant (B=-0.51, 95% CI: -1.03, -0.002). Sleep duration was not associated with proximal femur integral vBMD in the multivariate models. CONCLUSION Long sleep duration, particularly in old women, can affect thigh muscle attenuation (increase in intramuscular fat). Whether optimization of sleep can ameliorate age-associated intramuscular or intermuscular adipose tissue warrants further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa A Marques
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, 7201 Wisconsin Avenue, Gateway Building, Suite 2N300, Bethesda, MD 20892-9205, USA.
| | - Pedro Figueiredo
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, 7201 Wisconsin Avenue, Gateway Building, Suite 2N300, Bethesda, MD 20892-9205, USA; Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, University Institute of Maia, ISMAI, Av. Carlos Oliveira Campos, Castelo da Maia 4475-690, Maia, Portugal
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association Research Institute, Kópavogur, Holtasmari 1, IS-201 Kópavogur, Iceland; University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Sæmundargata 2, 101 Reykjavík Ssn: 600169-2039, Iceland
| | - Thomas Lang
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, 505 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Gunnar Sigurdsson
- Icelandic Heart Association Research Institute, Kópavogur, Holtasmari 1, IS-201 Kópavogur, Iceland; University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Sæmundargata 2, 101 Reykjavík Ssn: 600169-2039, Iceland; Landspitali-University Hospital, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Sigurdur Sigurdsson
- Icelandic Heart Association Research Institute, Kópavogur, Holtasmari 1, IS-201 Kópavogur, Iceland
| | - Thor Aspelund
- Icelandic Heart Association Research Institute, Kópavogur, Holtasmari 1, IS-201 Kópavogur, Iceland; Centre of Public Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Stapi v. Hringbraut, 107 Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Kristin Siggeirsdottir
- Icelandic Heart Association Research Institute, Kópavogur, Holtasmari 1, IS-201 Kópavogur, Iceland
| | - Lenore Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, 7201 Wisconsin Avenue, Gateway Building, Suite 2N300, Bethesda, MD 20892-9205, USA
| | - Gudny Eiriksdottir
- Icelandic Heart Association Research Institute, Kópavogur, Holtasmari 1, IS-201 Kópavogur, Iceland
| | - Tamara B Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, 7201 Wisconsin Avenue, Gateway Building, Suite 2N300, Bethesda, MD 20892-9205, USA
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17
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Anderson DE, Quinn E, Parker E, Allaire BT, Muir JW, Rubin CT, Magaziner J, Hannan MT, Bouxsein ML, Kiel DP. Associations of Computed Tomography-Based Trunk Muscle Size and Density With Balance and Falls in Older Adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2015; 71:811-6. [PMID: 26503375 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glv185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deficits in balance and muscle function are important risk factors for falls in older adults. Aging is associated with significant declines in muscle size and density, but associations of trunk muscle size and density with balance and falls in older adults have not been previously examined. METHODS Trunk muscle size (cross-sectional area) and attenuation (a measure of tissue density) were measured in computed tomography scans (at the L2 lumbar level) in a cohort of older adults (mean ± SD age of 81.9±6.4) residing in independent living communities. Outcome measures were postural sway measured during quiet standing and Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) at baseline, and falls reported by participants for up to 3 years after baseline measurements. RESULTS Higher muscle density was associated with reduced postural sway, particularly sway velocities, in both men and women, and better Short Physical Performance Battery score in women, but was not associated with falls. Larger muscle size was associated with increased postural sway in men and women and with increased likelihood of falling in men. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that balance depends more on muscle quality than on the size of the muscle. The unexpected finding that larger muscle size was associated with increased postural sway and increased fall risk requires further investigation, but highlights the importance of factors besides muscle size in muscle function in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis E Anderson
- Center for Advanced Orthopaedic Studies, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Emily Quinn
- Data Coordinating Center, Boston University School of Public Health, Massachusetts
| | - Emily Parker
- Center for Advanced Orthopaedic Studies, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Brett T Allaire
- Center for Advanced Orthopaedic Studies, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jesse W Muir
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, New York
| | - Clinton T Rubin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, New York
| | - Jay Magaziner
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore
| | - Marian T Hannan
- Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, Massachusetts. Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mary L Bouxsein
- Center for Advanced Orthopaedic Studies, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Douglas P Kiel
- Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, Massachusetts. Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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18
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Miller RR, Eastlack M, Hicks GE, Alley DE, Shardell MD, Orwig DL, Goodpaster BH, Chomentowski PJ, Hawkes WG, Hochberg MC, Ferrucci L, Magaziner J. Asymmetry in CT Scan Measures of Thigh Muscle 2 Months After Hip Fracture: The Baltimore Hip Studies. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2015; 70:753-6. [PMID: 25958401 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glr188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hip fracture is an important problem for older adults with significant functional consequences. After hip fracture, reduced muscle loading can result in muscle atrophy. METHODS We compared thigh muscle characteristics in the fractured leg with those in the nonfractured leg in participants from the Baltimore Hip Studies 7th cohort using computed tomography (CT) scan imaging. RESULTS At 2 months postfracture, a single 10-mm axial CT scan was obtained at the midthigh level in 47 participants (26 men and 21 women) with a mean age of 80.4 years (range 65-96), and thigh muscle cross-sectional area (CSA), CSA of intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT), as well as mean radiological attenuation were measured. Total thigh muscle CSA was less on the side of the fracture by 9.2 cm(2) (95% CI: 5.9, 12.4 cm(2)), whereas the CSA of IMAT was greater by 2.8 cm(2) (95% CI: 1.9, 3.8 cm(2)) on the fractured side. Mean muscle attenuation was lower on the side of the fracture by 3.61 HU (95% CI: 2.99, 4.24 HU). CONCLUSIONS The observed asymmetry is consistent with the effect of disuse and inflammation in the affected limb along with training effects in the unaffected limb due to the favoring of this leg with ambulation during the postfracture period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram R Miller
- GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore
| | - Marty Eastlack
- Department of Physical Therapy, Arcadia University, Glenside, Pennsylvania
| | - Gregory E Hicks
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Delaware, Newark
| | - Dawn E Alley
- Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore
| | - Michelle D Shardell
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore
| | - Denise L Orwig
- Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore
| | - Bret H Goodpaster
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Peter J Chomentowski
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - William G Hawkes
- Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore
| | - Marc C Hochberg
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Longitudinal Studies Section, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jay Magaziner
- Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore
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Younis EM, Al-Asgah NA, Abdel-Warith AWA, Al-Mutairi AA. Seasonal variations in the body composition and bioaccumulation of heavy metals in Nile tilapia collected from drainage canals in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. Saudi J Biol Sci 2015; 22:443-7. [PMID: 26150751 PMCID: PMC4487261 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2014.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Revised: 11/16/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The body composition of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) collected from drainage canals in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia and the concentration of four heavy metals; zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co) and lead (Pb) in both fish muscles and the water collected from this environment were assessed across the four seasons. The body composition was found to change with the seasons, with the best body composition being recorded in autumn and winter, where higher levels of protein (17.24, 17.65%), and fat (0.58, 0.71%) and lower water content (80.15, 79.86%) respectively were noted. The concentration of heavy metals in both fish muscles and the water body also varied significantly with the seasons. In the fish muscles, the highest content of Zn (0.409 mg/kg dry weight) and Cd (4.140 mg/kg dry weight) was recorded in winter, however, the highest concentration of Co (0.318 mg/kg dry weight) and Pb (1.96 mg/kg dry weight) was observed in spring and summer respectively. On the other hand, the water samples collected in autumn showed the maximum concentration of Cd (1.385 mg/L), Co (0.762 mg/L) and Pb (0.18 mg/L) however, the maximum concentration of Zn (0.0041 mg/L) was recorded in winter. With the exception of Cd, the accumulation of the studied heavy metals in fish muscles was within the safe limits for seafood recommended by various organizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsayed M Younis
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasser A Al-Asgah
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdel-Wahab A Abdel-Warith
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia ; Department of Animal Productions, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdullah A Al-Mutairi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Miller RR, Eastlack M, Hicks GE, Alley DE, Shardell MD, Orwig DL, Goodpaster BH, Chomentowski PJ, Hawkes WG, Hochberg MC, Ferrucci L, Magaziner J. Asymmetry in CT Scan Measures of Thigh Muscle 2 Months After Hip Fracture: The Baltimore Hip Studies. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2015; 70:1276-80. [PMID: 25969469 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glv053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hip fracture is an important problem for older adults with significant functional consequences. After hip fracture, reduced muscle loading can result in muscle atrophy. METHODS We compared thigh muscle characteristics in the fractured leg to those in the nonfractured leg in participants from the Baltimore Hip Studies 7th cohort using computed tomography scan imaging. RESULTS At 2 months postfracture, a single 10mm axial computed tomography scan was obtained at the midthigh level in 43 participants (23 men, 20 women) with a mean age of 79.9 years (range: 65-96 years), and thigh muscle cross-sectional area, cross-sectional area of intermuscular adipose tissue, and mean radiologic attenuation were measured. Total thigh muscle cross-sectional area was less on the side of the fracture by 9.46cm(2) (95% CI: 5.97cm(2), 12.95cm(2)) while the cross-sectional area of intermuscular adipose tissue was greater by 2.97cm(2) (95% CI: 1.94cm(2), 4.01cm(2)) on the fractured side. Mean muscle attenuation was lower on the side of the fracture by 3.66 Hounsfield Units (95% CI: 2.98 Hounsfield Units, 4.34 Hounsfield Units). CONCLUSIONS The observed asymmetry is consistent with the effect of disuse and inflammation in the affected limb along with training effects in the unaffected limb due to the favoring of this leg with ambulation during the postfracture period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram R Miller
- GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine.
| | - Marty Eastlack
- Department of Physical Therapy, Arcadia University, Glenside, Pennsylvania
| | - Gregory E Hicks
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Delaware, Newark
| | - Dawn E Alley
- Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine
| | - Michelle D Shardell
- Division of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore
| | - Denise L Orwig
- Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine
| | - Bret H Goodpaster
- Translational Research Institute for Metabolism and Diabetes, Florida Hospital, Sanford Burnham Medical Research Institute, Orlando
| | - Peter J Chomentowski
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb
| | - William G Hawkes
- Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine
| | - Marc C Hochberg
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Longitudinal Studies Section, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jay Magaziner
- Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine
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McGregor RA, Cameron-Smith D, Poppitt SD. It is not just muscle mass: a review of muscle quality, composition and metabolism during ageing as determinants of muscle function and mobility in later life. Longev Healthspan 2014; 3:9. [PMID: 25520782 PMCID: PMC4268803 DOI: 10.1186/2046-2395-3-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 299] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Worldwide estimates predict 2 billion people will be aged over 65 years by 2050. A major current challenge is maintaining mobility and quality of life into old age. Impaired mobility is often a precursor of functional decline, disability and loss of independence. Sarcopenia which represents the age-related decline in muscle mass is a well-established factor associated with mobility limitations in older adults. However, there is now evidence that not only changes in muscle mass but other factors underpinning muscle quality including composition, metabolism, aerobic capacity, insulin resistance, fat infiltration, fibrosis and neural activation may also play a role in the decline in muscle function and impaired mobility associated with ageing. Importantly, changes in muscle quality may precede loss of muscle mass and therefore provide new opportunities for the assessment of muscle quality particularly in middle-aged adults who could benefit from interventions to improve muscle function. This review will discuss the accumulating evidence that in addition to muscle mass, factors underpinning muscle quality influence muscle function and mobility with age. Further development of tools to assess muscle quality in community settings is needed. Preventative diet, exercise or treatment interventions particularly in middle-aged adults at the low end of the spectrum of muscle function may help preserve mobility in later years and improve healthspan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin A McGregor
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand ; Human Nutrition Unit, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Sally D Poppitt
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand ; Human Nutrition Unit, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand ; Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand ; Riddet Institute, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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