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Ma L, Zhao ZH, Peng L, Yang XJ, Fu PB, Liu Y, Huang Y. Application of gas cyclone-liquid jet absorption separator for purification of tail gas containing ammonia. Environ Technol 2019; 40:3392-3402. [PMID: 29733755 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2018.1474266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this experiment, with stainless steel gas cyclone-liquid jet absorption separator as carrier, NH3 as experimental gas, and water and H3PO4 solution as absorbents, corresponding NH3 absorption rate change is obtained through the adjustment of experimental parameters, such as NH3 inlet concentration, inlet velocity of mixed gas, injection flow rate of absorbent, temperature of absorbent, and H3PO4 absorbent concentration. The NH3 absorption rate decreases with the increase in NH3 inlet concentration and inlet gas velocity. The NH3 absorption rate will increase first and then tends to remain unchanged after reaching a certain degree with the increase in liquid injection flow rate and absorbent concentration. The NH3 absorption rate will increase first and then decrease with the increase in the absorbent temperature. The maximum NH3 removal efficiencies of water and H3PO4 were 96% and 99%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Ma
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai , People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Huang Zhao
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai , People's Republic of China
| | - Lv Peng
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai , People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Jing Yang
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai , People's Republic of China
| | - Peng-Bo Fu
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai , People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Liu
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai , People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Huang
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai , People's Republic of China
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Kim GJ, Kwon DW, Shin JH, Kim KW, Hong SC. Influence of the addition of vanadium to Pt/TiO 2 catalyst on the selective catalytic oxidation of NH3 to N 2. Environ Technol 2019; 40:2588-2600. [PMID: 30513069 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2018.1554004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the effect of the addition of vanadium to the Pt/TiO2 catalyst on the selective catalytic oxidation (SCO) of NH3 to N2 was investigated. It was found that the addition of vanadium significantly enhanced catalytic activity at all tested temperatures. The Pt/V/TiO2 catalyst exhibited the highest NH3 conversion (∼100%) and NH3 to N2 conversion (∼81%) at 250°C. The physicochemical characteristics of the catalysts were investigated via Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), NH3 temperature-programmed desorption (TPD), NH3 temperature-programmed oxidation (TPO), and in situ Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. It was found that the addition of V to the catalyst enhanced the conversion of NH3 as a result of the formation of new acid sites. The increase in the number of acid sites resulted in increased NH3 to N2 conversion via the internal selective catalytic reduction (i-SCR) mechanism. This mechanism involves the SCR of NOx, which are formed by the oxidation of NH3. Based on experimental results and analyses of the catalysts modified by the addition of V, it was shown that there was a close relation between reaction selectivity and the surface oxygen species of the catalyst and N2 yield. Furthermore, the addition of V increased the durability of SO2 by inhibiting the formation of ammonium bisulfate (ABS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Geo Jong Kim
- a Department of Environmental Energy Engineering, Graduate School of Kyonggi University , Gyeonggi-do , Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Wook Kwon
- b Materials Architecturing Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hun Shin
- a Department of Environmental Energy Engineering, Graduate School of Kyonggi University , Gyeonggi-do , Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Wang Kim
- a Department of Environmental Energy Engineering, Graduate School of Kyonggi University , Gyeonggi-do , Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Chang Hong
- a Department of Environmental Energy Engineering, Graduate School of Kyonggi University , Gyeonggi-do , Republic of Korea
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Lee DH, Aronoff JM. Changing stimulation patterns can change the broadness of contralateral masking functions for bilateral cochlear implant users. Hear Res 2018; 363:55-61. [PMID: 29548706 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Past studies have found that contralateral masking functions are sharper than ipsilateral masking functions for cochlear implant (CI) users. This could suggest that contralateral masking effects are only sensitive to the peak of the masker stimulation for this population. To determine if that is the case, this study investigated whether using broader stimulation patterns affects the broadness of the contralateral masking function. Contralateral masking functions were measured for six bilateral CI users using both a broad and narrow masker. Findings from this study revealed that the broad masker resulted in a broader contralateral masking function. This would suggest that stimulation outside of the peak of the masker affects contralateral masking functions for CI users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel H Lee
- Department of Speech and Hearing Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 901 S. 6th St., Champaign, IL 61820, USA.
| | - Justin M Aronoff
- Department of Speech and Hearing Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 901 S. 6th St., Champaign, IL 61820, USA.
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Miller SC, Lima JC, Intrator O, Martin E, Bull J, Hanson LC. Specialty Palliative Care Consultations for Nursing Home Residents With Dementia. J Pain Symptom Manage 2017; 54:9-16.e5. [PMID: 28438589 PMCID: PMC5663286 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2017.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT U.S. nursing home (NH) residents with dementia have limited access to specialty palliative care beyond Medicare hospice. OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to examine the value of expanded palliative care access for NH residents with moderate-to-very severe dementia. METHODS We merged palliative care consultation data in 31 NHs in two states to Medicare data to identify residents with consultations, moderate-to-very severe dementia, and deaths in 2006-2010. Initial palliative consultations were identified as occurring later and earlier (1-30 days and 31-180 days before death, respectively). Three controls for each consultation recipient were selected using propensity score matching. Weighted multivariate analyses evaluated the effect of consultations on hospital or acute care use seven and 30 days before death and on (potentially) burdensome transitions (i.e., hospital or hospice admission three days before death or two plus acute care transitions 30 days before death). RESULTS With earlier consultation (vs. no consultation), hospitalization rates in the seven days before death were on average 13.2 percentage points lower (95% confidence interval [CI] -21.8%, -4.7%) and with later consultation 5.9 percentage points lower (95% CI -13.7%, +4.9%). For earlier consultations (vs. no consultations), rates were 18.4 percentage points lower (95% CI -28.5%, -8.4%) for hospitalizations and 11.9 lower (95% CI -20.7%, -3.1%) for emergency room visits 30 days before death; they were 20.2 percentage points lower (95% CI -28.5%, -12.0%) for burdensome transitions. CONCLUSION Consultations appear to reduce acute care use and (potentially) burdensome transitions for dying residents with dementia. Reductions were greater when consultations were earlier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan C Miller
- Department of Health Services, Policy, and Practice, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, Rhode Island, USA; Center for Gerontology and Health Care Research, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.
| | - Julie C Lima
- Department of Health Services, Policy, and Practice, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, Rhode Island, USA; Center for Gerontology and Health Care Research, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Orna Intrator
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA; Geriatrics and Extended Care Data and Analyses Center, Canandaigua Veterans Administration Medical Center, Canandaigua, New York, USA
| | - Edward Martin
- Department of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA; Hope Hospice and Palliative Care, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Janet Bull
- Four Seasons, Flat Rock, North Carolina, USA
| | - Laura C Hanson
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Center for Aging and Health, Palliative Care Program, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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Guo W, Yao D, Jiang J, Su Q, Zhang Z, Zhang J, Yu L, Xiao C. Abnormal default-mode network homogeneity in first-episode, drug-naive schizophrenia at rest. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2014; 49:16-20. [PMID: 24216538 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2013.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Revised: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysconnectivity hypothesis posits that schizophrenia relates to abnormal resting-state connectivity within the default-mode network (DMN) and this aberrant connectivity is considered as contribution of difficulties in self-referential and introspective processing. However, little is known about the alterations of the network homogeneity (NH) of the DMN in schizophrenia. In the present study, we used an automatic NH method to investigate the NH of the DMN in schizophrenia patients at rest. METHODS Forty-nine first-episode, drug-naive schizophrenia patients and 50 age-, gender-, and education-matched healthy controls underwent a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). An automated NH approach was used to analyze the data. RESULTS Patients exhibited lower NH than controls in the left medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) and the right middle temporal gyrus (MTG). Significantly higher NH values in the left posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) and the right cerebellum Crus I were found in the patient group than in the control group. No significant correlation was found between abnormal NH values and Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS) scores, duration of untreated psychosis (DUP), age or years of education in the patient group. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that abnormal NH of the DMN exists in first-episode, drug-naive schizophrenia and further highlight the importance of the DMN in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Guo
- Mental Health Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China.
| | - Dapeng Yao
- Mental Health Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Jiajing Jiang
- Mental Health Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Qinji Su
- Mental Health Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Zhikun Zhang
- Mental Health Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Mental Health Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Liuyu Yu
- Mental Health Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Changqing Xiao
- Mental Health Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
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Glanemann R, Reichmuth K, Matulat P, Zehnhoff-Dinnesen AA. Muenster Parental Programme empowers parents in communicating with their infant with hearing loss. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2013; 77:2023-9. [PMID: 24210293 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2013.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2013] [Revised: 10/01/2013] [Accepted: 10/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE With the implementation of the Universal Newborn Hearing Screening (UNHS), the age of diagnosis of children with hearing loss (HL) has been steadily declining in the past years. Consequently, there is a need for early educational intervention methods that are suitable for infants at the preverbal level. To meet this need we have developed and evaluated the Muenster Parental Programme (MPP), a responsive parenting programme for parents of children with HL aged 3-18 months. It aims at enhancing the parents' communicative skills towards their child. METHODS The MPP is introduced following confirmation of a HL. Flanked by two individual counselling sessions, the programme comprises six group sessions and two single training sessions with video feedback. The focus of the programme lies in enhancing parents' responsive behaviour and in reducing inappropriate initiative behaviour. The present study involved 29 parents of 24 children aged 6.6 (mean, range: 3-12) months at the outset of the MPP. The children's degree of HL ranged from moderate to profound. Parents of children with unilateral HL and/or risk for an additional developmental delay were included. The prospective study compared parent communication skills of a trained (N = 15) versus a control group (N = 14) before and after the MPP. For this purpose, instances of responsive behaviour to the signals of the child and total time of initiative behaviour within a 4-min video-sample were measured before and after completion of the study in both groups. RESULTS Trained parents could enhance their responsiveness to vocal and preverbal signals of the child (Wilcoxon test, p = .002) and also their responsiveness to non-verbal signals (Wilcoxon test, p < .001). Moreover, parents reduced their inappropriate initiative behaviour (related t-test, p < .001). Pre-post comparisons in the control group were non-significant. CONCLUSIONS The increased parental responsiveness to infants with HL is of great importance as these early behaviours underlie later acquisition of speech, language, hearing and social communication skills. The MPP constitutes the first evaluated group concept for parents of infants with HL in the German-speaking countries and equally meets the needs of parents and professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reinhild Glanemann
- Clinic of Phoniatrics and Pedaudiology, University Hospital Muenster, Germany.
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Reichmuth K, Embacher AJ, Matulat P, Am Zehnhoff-Dinnesen A, Glanemann R. Responsive parenting intervention after identification of hearing loss by Universal Newborn Hearing Screening: the concept of the Muenster Parental Programme. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2013; 77:2030-9. [PMID: 24182601 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2013.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2013] [Revised: 10/01/2013] [Accepted: 10/03/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parents of newborns with hearing loss (HL) identified by Universal Newborn Hearing Screening (UNHS) programmes wish for educational support soon after confirmation and for contact with other affected families. Besides pedaudiological care, a high level of family involvement and an early start of educational intervention are the best predictors for successful oral language development in children with HL. The implementation of UNHS has made it necessary to adapt existing intervention concepts for families of children with HL to the needs of preverbal infants. In particular, responsiveness has proven to be a crucial skill of intuitive parental behaviour in early communication between parents and their child. Since infants with HL are being fitted earlier with hearing devices, their chances of learning oral language naturally in daily communication with family members have noticeably improved. OBJECTIVES The Muenster Parental Programme (MPP) aims at empowering parents in communicating with their preverbal child with HL and in (re-)building confidence in their own parental resources. Additionally, it supplies specific information about auditory and language development and enables exchange with other affected parents shortly after the diagnosis. CONCEPT The MPP is a responsive parenting intervention specific to the needs of parents of infants with HL identified by UNHS or through other indices and testing within the first 18 months of life. It is based on the communication-oriented Natural Auditory Oral Approach and trains parental responsiveness to preverbal (3-18 months) infants with HL. The MPP has been developed for groups of 4-6 families and comprises six group sessions (without infants), two single training sessions with video feedback, and two individual counselling sessions. At the age of 24-30 months, an individual refresher training session is offered to the parents for adapting their responsiveness to the current verbal level of the child via dialogic book reading. The programme also benefits parents of paediatric cochlear implant (CI) candidates preimplantation and postimplantation. CONCLUSIONS The MPP is evidence-based (see Glanemann et al., this volume) and meets the current need for effective family-centred educational intervention after UNHS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Reichmuth
- Clinic for Phoniatrics and Pedaudiology, University Hospital Muenster, Germany.
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Wang Y, Liu G, Druschel CM, Kirby RS. Maternal race/ethnicity and survival experience of children with congenital heart disease. J Pediatr 2013; 163:1437-42.e1-2. [PMID: 23932315 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2013.06.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Revised: 06/05/2013] [Accepted: 06/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the existence of racial/ethnic disparity in mortality risk among children with individual congenital heart defects and identify any other risk factors. STUDY DESIGN The study cohort, comprising children born between 1983 and 2006 with a selected congenital heart defect, was matched to death records to ascertain vital status. The birth and maternal risk factors were obtained from birth certificates. RESULTS After adjusting for covariates using a multivariate regression model, the risk of mortality was significantly higher in children of non-Hispanic black mothers with transposition of the great arteries (hazard ratio (HR), 1.31; 95% CI, 1.07-1.60), tetralogy of Fallot (HR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.06-1.69), and coarctation of the aorta (HR, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.10-1.79), compared with children of non-Hispanic white mothers. Time trends analysis examining the mortality risk by survival age and birth period found a significant decrease in 5-year mortality risk from 1983 to 2003 births, with a nearly 50% reduction for hypoplastic left heart syndrome and coarctation of the aorta across 3 maternal racial/ethnic groups examined. CONCLUSION Our findings may help identify at-risk populations and mortality risk factors and thereby contribute to improved survival and quality of life for these children across the lifespan.
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Chang AT, Nikonowicz EP. Solution NMR determination of hydrogen bonding and base pairing between the glyQS T box riboswitch Specifier domain and the anticodon loop of tRNA(Gly). FEBS Lett 2013; 587:3495-9. [PMID: 24036450 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2013.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Revised: 08/30/2013] [Accepted: 09/02/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
In Gram-positive bacteria the tRNA-dependent T box riboswitch regulates the expression of many amino acid biosynthetic and aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase genes through a transcription attenuation mechanism. The Specifier domain of the T box riboswitch contains the Specifier sequence that is complementary to the tRNA anticodon and is flanked by a highly conserved purine nucleotide that could result in a fourth base pair involving the invariant U33 of tRNA. We show that the interaction between the T box Specifier domain and tRNA consists of three Watson-Crick base pairs and that U33 confers stability to the complex through intramolecular hydrogen bonding. Enhanced packing within the Specifier domain loop E motif may stabilize the complex and contribute to cognate tRNA selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew T Chang
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005-1892, United States
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Yu S, Hwang I, Rhee S. Crystal structure of the effector protein XOO4466 from Xanthomonas oryzae. J Struct Biol 2013; 184:361-6. [PMID: 24007778 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2013.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2013] [Revised: 08/13/2013] [Accepted: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Many Gram-negative bacteria deliver their virulence factors into host cells through a secretion system. Those factors, called effector proteins, are involved in the pathogenicity in host cells by interfering with various cellular events. The phytopathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae uses a type III secretion system to inject its effectors, but the functional roles of these proteins remain largely uncharacterized. Here, we determined a crystal structure of XOO4466, an effector from X. oryzae pv. oryzae, and performed a functional analysis. We determined that XOO4466 is similar in sequence to Xanthomonas outer protein Q, a putative nucleoside hydrolase (NH). The overall structure of XOO4466 is homologous to that of NHs, including a metal-binding site, but differs in its oligomeric state and active site topology. Further analysis indicated that antiparallel β-strands commonly found in NHs adjacent to the active site loop are replaced in XOO4466 with a short loop, causing the active site loop to adopt a conformation distinct from that of NHs. Thus, the catalytic residues emanating from the respective active site loop of NHs are absent in the putative active site of XOO4466. Consistent with these structural features, a functional assay indicated that XOO4466 does not exhibit NH activity and possibly catalyzes yet unknown reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangheon Yu
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Al-Uzri A, Matheson M, Gipson DS, Mendley SR, Hooper SR, Yadin O, Rozansky D, Moxey-Mims M, Furth SL, Warady BA, Gerson AC. The impact of short stature on health-related quality of life in children with chronic kidney disease. J Pediatr 2013; 163:736-41.e1. [PMID: 23628375 PMCID: PMC3755086 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2013.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2012] [Revised: 02/11/2013] [Accepted: 03/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and short stature (SS) with that of children with CKD and normal height (NH), to evaluate the impact of catch-up growth and growth hormone (GH) use on HRQoL, and to describe the concordance of perceptions of HRQoL between children with SS and NH and their parents. STUDY DESIGN Four hundred eighty-three children and/or parents enrolled in the multicenter Chronic Kidney Disease in Children study who had completed the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (Version 4.0) on at least 2 Chronic Kidney Disease in Children study visits composed this substudy population. Participants were dichotomized into NH or SS groups. The demographic characteristics that varied at baseline (sex, glomerular filtration rate, and parent education) were controlled for in the main analysis evaluating the impact of catch-up growth and use of GH on HRQoL. RESULTS Multivariate modeling (controlling for confounding variables) revealed a significant association between both catch-up growth and GH use on parent-proxy reports of child physical functioning (P < .05) and social functioning (P < .05). Older children with CKD (15-17 years old) had significantly higher ratings than their parents on the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Physical, Emotional, Social, and School Functioning scales compared with younger children (8-14 years old). CONCLUSION The finding that height gains and GH use are associated with increases in physical and social functioning by parent report provides additional support for interventions to improve height in children with CKD. The importance of evaluating both the parent and child perceptions of HRQoL is supported by our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira Al-Uzri
- Oregon Health & Science University,Corresponding author: Amira Al-Uzri, M.D., MCR., Associate Professor, Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Kidney Services and Hypertension, 707 SW Gaines Road-CDRCP, Portland, OR 97239, Phone: 503-494-7327, Fax: 503-418-6718,
| | | | | | | | | | - Ora Yadin
- University of California in Los Angeles
| | | | - Marva Moxey-Mims
- National Institute of Diabetes & Digestive & Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health
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Van Zyl M, Hanekom JJ. Perception of vowels and prosody by cochlear implant recipients in noise. J Commun Disord 2013; 46:449-464. [PMID: 24157128 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcomdis.2013.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2012] [Revised: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The aim of the present study was to compare the ability of cochlear implant (CI) recipients to recognise speech prosody in the presence of speech-weighted noise to their ability to recognise vowels in the same test paradigm and listening condition. All test materials were recorded from four different speakers (two male, two female). Two prosody recognition tasks were developed, both using single words as stimuli. The first task involved a question/statement distinction, while the second task required listeners to make a judgement about the speaker's attitude. Vowel recognition tests were conducted using vowel pairs selected on the basis of specific acoustic cues (frequencies of the first two formants and duration). Ten CI users and ten normal-hearing controls were tested in both quiet and an adaptive noise condition, using a two-alternative forced-choice test paradigm for all the tests. Results indicated that vowel recognition was significantly better than prosody recognition in both listener groups in both quiet and noise, and that question/statement discrimination was the most difficult task for CI listeners in noise. Data from acoustic analyses were used to interpret differences in performance on different tasks and with different speakers. LEARNING OUTCOMES As a result of this activity, readers will be able to (1) describe suitable methods for comparing vowel and prosody perception in noise, (2) compare performance on vowel and prosody perception tasks in quiet in normal-hearing listeners and cochlear implant recipients, (3) compare performance on vowel and prosody perception tasks in noise in normal-hearing listeners and cochlear implant recipients and (4) relate performance on prosody tasks in quiet to performance on these tasks in noise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Van Zyl
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Pretoria, Lynnwood Road, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
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