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Chen X, Mu S, Luo Y. Removal of total petroleum hydrocarbons from oil-based drilling cuttings by a heat activation persulfate-based process. Environ Technol 2024; 45:835-844. [PMID: 36152295 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2022.2128894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Oil-based drilling cuttings (OBDC) are typical hazardous wastes generated during shale gas extraction. In this study, two persulfate-based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), heat/PMS and heat/PDS, have been used to treat OBDC. The results showed that for the heat/PMS process, within a certain range, the oxidant dosage, temperature, and reaction time were significantly positively correlated with the degree of total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) removal. When these parameters were increased from their initial values to 3.57 mmol/g, 70°C, and 80 min, respectively, TPH removal rates increased significantly, by 20.95%, 18.68%, and 16.41%, respectively. However, further increases in these parameters had little effect on the TPH removal rate. Similar observations were made for the heat/PDS process. There are other differences between the two processes, including that the heat/PDS process required less oxidant to reach an effective activation state than the heat/PMS process, but required a higher temperature and a longer reaction time. Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry have shown that both processes could effectively remove the light components of linear paraffins contained in OBDC. The heat/PMS process performed significantly better than the heat/PDS process in removing aromatic hydrocarbons and long-chain alkanes. Scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectrometry, and X-ray diffraction analysis implied that the elemental and mineral compositions of OBDC were not significantly modified by reaction in the heat/PMS and heat/PDS processes. This study may provide theoretical support for the technological development of heat activation and persulfate-based AOPs to remove TPH from OBDC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinglong Chen
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiqi Mu
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanfeng Luo
- Sichuan Academy of Environmental Policy and Planning, Department of Ecology and Environment of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
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Xu Q, Ma L, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Song Y, Fang S. Ultrasonication-flotation-advanced oxidation tertiary treatment of oil-based drilling cuttings. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22004. [PMID: 38027985 PMCID: PMC10658313 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The treatment of oil-based drilling cuttings (OBDCs) with high oil content is difficult. In this study, a tertiary treatment of ultrasonication-flotation-advanced oxidation for treating OBDCs with a high oil content of 20.10 wt% was proposed for the first time. All stages of the treatment processes were optimised. The recommended parameters for ultrasonication at room temperature were a mass ratio of OBDCs to the degreaser of 1:8, an ultrasonication power of 600 W and treatment time of 30 min. After the ultrasonication treatment, the oil content of the OBDCs decreased from 20.10 wt% to 5.00 wt%. Flotation was performed at room temperature with a mass ratio of OBDCs to the degreaser of 1:10, a stirring speed of 400 rpm, an aeration head aperture of 3 μm and airflow rate of 400 mL/min under N2 injection for 60 min. After the flotation treatment, the oil content of the OBDCs decreased from 5.00 wt% to 2.01 wt%. Advanced oxidation was performed at room temperature with a mass ratio of OBDCs to water of 1:10, 3.57 wt% sodium persulphate in water, 4.17 wt% ferrous sulphate heptahydrate in water and ultrasonication power of 1000 W for 100 min. Following the advanced oxidation treatment, the oil content of the OBDCs decreased from 2.01 wt% to 0.58 wt%. The results of this study provide a new method and idea for treating OBDCs with high oil content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Sichuan, Chengdu, 610500, China
| | - Liang Ma
- Quality, Health, Safety and Environmental Protection Department of Zhejiang Oilfield Company, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310023, China
| | - Linjing Zhang
- Quality, Health, Safety and Environmental Protection Department of Zhejiang Oilfield Company, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310023, China
| | - Yichen Zhang
- Natural Gas Exploration and Development Division of Zhejiang Oilfield Company, Sichuan, Luzhou, 646400, China
| | - Yingfa Song
- Southwest Gas Production Plant of Zhejiang Oilfield Company, Sichuan, Yibin, 645250, China
| | - Shenwen Fang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Sichuan, Chengdu, 610500, China
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Chen X, Yang Y, Lu Z, Chen K, Li Y, Huang X, Wang X. Oil-based drilling cuttings pyrolysis residues at a typical shale gas drilling field in Chongqing: pollution characteristics and environmental risk assessment. Environ Geochem Health 2023; 45:2949-2962. [PMID: 36123509 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-022-01388-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
With the rapid development of unconventional natural gas such as shale gas, many oil-based drilling cuttings and their pyrolysis residues are produced, which are defined as hazardous wastes. In this paper, the pollution status of petroleum hydrocarbons and the leaching toxicity of eight heavy metals (Pb, Cr, Zn, Mn, Cu, Cd, Ni, and Hg) in the pyrolysis residues were studied. The ecological risk and human health risk were evaluated in the scenario where pyrolytic residues were used for paving as building materials. The results showed that the content of petroleum hydrocarbons in the pyrolysis residues was 7643.16 ± 169.67 mg/kg. Zn in the pyrolysis residues was extremely polluted, Pb was moderately polluted, Cr, Cu, As were slightly polluted, and the leaching toxicity was far below the standard value. In the ecological risk assessment, the comprehensive potential ecological risk of multiple heavy metals in the pyrolysis residues was low. On the other hand, the pyrolysis residues had no non-carcinogenic risk to adults under the condition of paving, but there was an obvious non-carcinogenic risk to children, and the carcinogenic risk of adults and children was within an acceptable range. In addition, aiming at reducing the health risk of the population, suggestions were put forward to reduce the exposure risk of the population and the content of heavy metals in the pyrolysis residue, which provided a scientific reference for the standardized management of the pyrolysis residue of oil-based drilling cuttings and the research on the corresponding treatment process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangle Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, 83 Shabei Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400044, CN, China
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 83 Shabei Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400044, CN, China
| | - Yinghuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, 83 Shabei Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400044, CN, China
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 83 Shabei Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400044, CN, China
| | - Zhaohui Lu
- Key Laboratory of Shale Gas Exploration, Ministry of Natural Resources, Chongqing Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources, 111 Lanxin Dadao, Yubei District, Chongqing, 401120, CN, China
| | - Kejin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, 83 Shabei Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400044, CN, China
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 83 Shabei Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400044, CN, China
| | - Yuting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, 83 Shabei Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400044, CN, China
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 83 Shabei Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400044, CN, China
| | - Xin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, 83 Shabei Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400044, CN, China
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 83 Shabei Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400044, CN, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, 83 Shabei Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400044, CN, China.
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 83 Shabei Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400044, CN, China.
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Chen X, Mu S, Luo Y. Degradation of petroleum pollutants in oil-based drilling cuttings using an Fe 2+-based Fenton-like advanced oxidation processes. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:37669-37678. [PMID: 36574125 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24925-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Oil-based drilling cuttings (OBDC) contain a large amount of total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) pollutants, which are hazardous to the environment. In this study, Fe2+-activating hydrogen peroxide (Fe2+/H2O2), peroxymonosulfate (Fe2+/PMS), and peroxydisulfate (Fe2+/PDS) advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) were used to treat OBDC due to the difference in the degradation capacity of TPH caused by the type of free radical generated and effective activation conditions observed for the different oxidants studied. The results showed that the oxidant concentration, Fe2+ dosage, and reaction time in the three AOPs were greatly positively correlated with the TPH removal rate in a certain range. The initial pH value had a significant effect on the Fe2+/H2O2 process, and its TPH removal rate was negatively correlated in the pH range from 3 to 11. However, the Fe2+/PMS and Fe2+/PDS processes only displayed lower TPH removal rates under neutral conditions and tolerated a wider range of pH conditions. The optimal TPH removal rates observed for the Fe2+/H2O2, Fe2+/PMS, and Fe2+/PDS processes were 45.04%, 42.75%, and 44.95%, respectively. Fourier transform infrared spectrometer and gas chromatography-mass spectrometer analysis showed that the alkanes in OBDC could be effectively removed using the three processes studied, and their degradation ability toward straight-chain alkanes was in the order of Fe2+/PMS > Fe2+/PDS > Fe2+/H2O2, among which Fe2+/PMS exhibited the optimal removal effect for aromatic hydrocarbons. Scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction results showed no significant changes in the elemental and mineral composition of OBDC before and after treatment. Therefore, this study provided a theoretical reference for the effective degradation of TPH pollutants in OBDC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinglong Chen
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 611756, China
| | - Shiqi Mu
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 611756, China
| | - Yuanfeng Luo
- Department of Ecology and Environment of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Environmental Policy and Planning, Chengdu, 610093, China.
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Hu Y, Mu S, Zhang J, Li Q. Regional distribution, properties, treatment technologies, and resource utilization of oil-based drilling cuttings: A review. Chemosphere 2022; 308:136145. [PMID: 36029858 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Oil-based drilling cuttings (OBDC) are hazardous wastes produced during the extensive use of oil-based drilling mud in oil and gas exploration and development. They have strong mutagenic, carcinogenic, and teratogenic effects and need to be properly disposed of to avoid damaging the natural environment. This paper reviews the recent research progress on the regional distribution, properties, treatment technologies, and resource utilization of OBDC. The advantages and disadvantages of different technologies for removing petroleum pollutants from OBDC were comprehensively analyzed, and required future developments in treatment technologies were proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuansi Hu
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China
| | - Shiqi Mu
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Sichuan Solid Waste and Chemicals Management Center, Chengdu, 610036, China
| | - Qibin Li
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China.
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Liu T, Tian L, Yang L, Yan D, Huang Q, Lu G, Liu Z, Huang Z. Emissions of BTEXs, NMHC, PAHs, and PCDD/Fs from Co-processing of Oil-based Drilling Cuttings in Brick Kilns. J Environ Manage 2022; 304:114170. [PMID: 34864419 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.114170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Oil-based drilling cuttings (OBDC) produced from shale gas development is a hazardous waste that have high calorific values and should be disposed of properly. Burning bricks with OBDC is a promising co-disposal method; however, organic pollutants emitted during this process have not received sufficient attention. In this study, the composition and combustion characteristics of OBDC were determined, and the emissions of typical organic pollutants when burning bricks with the addition of OBDC were investigated; these included benzene series compounds (BTEXs), non-methane total hydrocarbons (NMHC), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs). The results showed that OBDC comprised large amounts of alkanes and aromatic hydrocarbons, and combusted mainly in the temperature range of 145-450 °C with an ignition temperature of 145 °C. The co-processing 10% OBDC increased the concentrations of toluene, NMHC, and PAHs in the flue gases by ∼1000%, ∼500%, and 200%, respectively, compared to the control experiment; however, their emission concentrations were within the limits set by the Integrated emission standards of air pollutants of Chongqing. It is worth noting that 26.443 ng/Nm3 PCDD/Fs with a total toxicity of 0.709 ng I-TEQ/Nm3 was generated from the co-processing 10% OBDC, which was ascribed to the high content of chlorine and aromatic hydrocarbons in the OBDC-promoted PCDD/Fs formed during the burning and cooling processes. Though PCDD/Fs in flue gas exceeded the 0.5 ng I-TEQ/Nm3 limit prescribed in the Pollution control standard for hazardous wastes incineration of China, the realistic emission of PCDD/Fs is expected to meet with this emission limit after desulfurization treatment as PCDD/Fs can be absorbed by gypsum. It is recommended that a lower amount of OBDC is added to reduce PCDD/F formation at the source and to take more efficient air pollution control system in order to reach a stricter emission limit of 0.1 ng I-TEQ/Nm3 in EU and USA. Cycling flue gas may also be an effective method to reduce other organic pollutants. Under these conditions, co-processing OBDC in brick kilns can be achieved without serious environmental pollution, making it a potential method for disposal and utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Hazardous Waste Identification and Risk Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Lifeng Tian
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technology Institution Physical and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Liuyang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Hazardous Waste Identification and Risk Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Dahai Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Hazardous Waste Identification and Risk Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Qifei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Hazardous Waste Identification and Risk Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Guilan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Hazardous Waste Identification and Risk Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Zewei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Hazardous Waste Identification and Risk Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Zechun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Hazardous Waste Identification and Risk Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
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Hou Y, Qi S, You H, Huang Z, Niu Q. The study on pyrolysis of oil-based drilling cuttings by microwave and electric heating. J Environ Manage 2018; 228:312-318. [PMID: 30236884 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.09.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, the following questions were investigated: the proportion of mass loss, the mass fraction of oil, the structure, composition and ultimate analysis of solid residues and gas products. By comparing the treatment effect of using both microwave and electric as the source of heat to dispose the oil-based drilling cuttings (OBDC), the advantages of microwave heating treatment were demonstrated. Meanwhile, the composition of liquid products by microwave pyrolysis was analyzed. The results show that the microwave heating is better than electric heating and the former can promote the pyrolysis of petroleum hydrocarbons. The results of component analysis of the liquid products from OBDC by microwave pyrolysis show that C12∼C20 components pyrolyze at 500 °C. At the same time, a mass of C21∼C24 components volatilize. At the temperature above 500 °C, the thermal cracking reactions of >C25 components occur and a maximum content of paraffin in liquid products is obtained. As the temperature increases, the components obtained by pyrolysis become more and more complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingfei Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China; State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control, Changping, 102206, Beijing, China.
| | - Shengdong Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Haipeng You
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Zhaoqi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Qingshan Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
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