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Du X, Gao Z, Yang T, Qu Y, He L. Understanding the impact of a non-ionic surfactant alkylphenol ethoxylate on surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopic analysis of pesticides on apple surfaces. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2023; 301:122954. [PMID: 37270975 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Pesticide active ingredients (AIs) are often applied with adjuvants to facilitate the stability and functionality of AIs in agricultural practice. The objective of this study is to investigate the role of a common non-ionic surfactant, alkylphenol ethoxylate (APEO), on the surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopic (SERS) analysis of pesticides as well as its impact on pesticide persistence on apple surfaces, as a model fresh produce surface. The wetted areas of two AIs (thiabendazole and phosmet) mixed with APEO were determined respectively to correct the unit concentration applied on apple surfaces for a fair comparison. SERS with gold nanoparticle (AuNP) mirror substrates was applied to measure the signal intensity of AIs with and without APEO on apple surfaces after a short-term (45 min) and a long-term (5 days) exposure. The limit of detection (LOD) of thiabendazole and phosmet using this SERS-based method were 0.861 ppm and 2.883 ppm, respectively. The result showed that APEO decreased the SERS signal for non-systemic phosmet, while increased SERS intensity of systemic thiabendazole on apple surfaces after 45 min pesticide exposure. After 5 days, the SERS intensity of thiabendazole with APEO was higher than thiabendazole alone, and there was no significant difference between phosmet with and without APEO. Possible mechanisms were discussed. Furthermore, a 1% sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) washing method was applied to test the impact of APEO on the persistence of the residues on apple surfaces after short-term and long-term exposures. The results indicated that APEO significantly enhanced the persistence of thiabendazole on plant surfaces after a 5-day exposure, while there was no significant impact on phosmet. The information obtained facilitates a better understanding of the impact of the non-ionic surfactant on SERS analysis of pesticide behavior on and in plants and helps further develop the SERS method for studying complex pesticide formulations in plant systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Du
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Zili Gao
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Tianxi Yang
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Yanqi Qu
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Lili He
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
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Manzano Sánchez L, Jesús F, Ferrer C, Gómez-Ramos MM, Fernández-Alba A. Evaluation of automated clean-up for large scope pesticide multiresidue analysis by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1694:463906. [PMID: 36907077 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.463906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Clean-up step is essential during the multiresidue sample preparation process to remove undesired matrix components that may cause analytical interferences or suppression effect. However, its application generally by specific sorbents entails time-consuming work producing low recoveries for some compounds. Moreover, it usually needs to be adapted to the different co-extractives from the matrix present in the samples by using different chemical sorbents increasing the number of validation procedures. Therefore, the development of a more efficient and automated and unified clean-up procedure means a significant time reduction and laboratory work with improved performance. In this study, extracts from different matrices (tomato, orange, rice, avocado and black tea) were purified by manual dispersive clean-up (different procedures according to the matrix group) in parallel with an automated µSPE clean-up workflow, in both cases based on QuEChERS extraction. The latter procedure employed clean-up cartridges containing a mixture of sorbent materials (anhydrous MgSO4/PSA/C18/CarbonX) suitable for multiple matrices. All the samples were analysed by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry and the results obtained from both procedures have been compared in terms of the extract cleanness, performance, interferences, and sample workflow. At the levels studied, similar recoveries were achieved by both techniques (manual and automated) except for reactive compounds when PSA was used as the sorbent material producing low recoveries. However, the µSPE recoveries were between 70-120%. Furthermore, closer calibration line slopes were provided when µSPE was applied to the different matrix groups studied. It is important to note that up to 30% more samples per day can be analysed using an automated µSPE compared to the manual method (which requires shaking, centrifuging, then taking the supernatant and adding formic acid in ACN); it also provides good repeatability - an RSD (%) < 10%. Consequently, this technique is a very useful option for routine analyses, greatly simplifying the work of muti-residue methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Manzano Sánchez
- European Union Reference Laboratory for Pesticide Residues in Fruits & Vegetables. Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3). Ctra. Sacramento S/N˚, University of Almeria, La Cañada de San Urbano, Almeria 04120, Spain
| | - Florencia Jesús
- European Union Reference Laboratory for Pesticide Residues in Fruits & Vegetables. Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3). Ctra. Sacramento S/N˚, University of Almeria, La Cañada de San Urbano, Almeria 04120, Spain
| | - Carmen Ferrer
- European Union Reference Laboratory for Pesticide Residues in Fruits & Vegetables. Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3). Ctra. Sacramento S/N˚, University of Almeria, La Cañada de San Urbano, Almeria 04120, Spain
| | - M Mar Gómez-Ramos
- European Union Reference Laboratory for Pesticide Residues in Fruits & Vegetables. Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3). Ctra. Sacramento S/N˚, University of Almeria, La Cañada de San Urbano, Almeria 04120, Spain
| | - Amadeo Fernández-Alba
- European Union Reference Laboratory for Pesticide Residues in Fruits & Vegetables. Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3). Ctra. Sacramento S/N˚, University of Almeria, La Cañada de San Urbano, Almeria 04120, Spain.
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Swathi K, Nikitha B, Malleswari M, Munisankar M, Meena SD, Roja A. Water Quality Analysis Using Physicochemical Parameters and Estimation of Pesticides in Water from Various Sources of Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India. Adv Exp Med Biol 2023; 1425:507-512. [PMID: 37581825 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-31986-0_50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Tirupati is one of the famous tourist places in India. So, safe drinking water is a priority. Therefore, to handle ground water contamination and to make aware the people in the area of Tirupati, in the present paper, research was conducted with the goal to estimate water quality by using physico-chemical parameters and to analyse pesticides with analytical technique Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) of ground water in and around Tirumala, Tirupati, located in Andhra Pradesh State of India. For this estimation, ground water samples were collected from different locations of Tirupati, i.e. Sri Padmavati Mahila Visvavidyalayam (SPMVV) (Women's University), Mallamgunta, LalBahudhur (LB) Nagar, Singalagunta, Sri Venkateshwara (SV) University, Perumallapalli, Settipalli, Akkarampalli (AK Palli), Srikrishna Nagar, Gandhipuram, Pathalaganga and Cherlopalli areas, and water quality parameters (alkalinity, pH, total hardness, chloride, calcium, potassium and silica) were tested. Based on the physico-chemical parameters obtained it can be concluded that the water was good. Tirumala Pathalaganga water was found be within the standard limits set by the World Health Organisation (WHO), so it is pure water without any contaminants. Reverse Osmosis (RO) water does not contain any contaminants; it is free from dissolved solids and ions so it is pure and clean water. Ground water sample that was collected from Tirupati area was less polluted than surface water sample, so it is pure when compared with tap water. Hence, drinking water pollution should be controlled by the proper environment management plan. Ground and surface water of this area should be treated to make it suitable for drinking and to maintain proper health conditions of people living in this area. All samples that were collected from groundwater from the fields of Settipalli area exceeded the standard limits set by the WHO and Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS), which suggests poor water quality. The present study reported the contamination status of diclorvos, methyl parathion, parathion and malathion in ground water of Tirupati in Settipalli, Andhra Pradesh, India. In agriculture, pesticides are frequently viewed as a quick, simple and low-cost option for controlling weeds and insect pests. The results obtained from the present study shall be useful in future management of the ground water in Tirupati area.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Swathi
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Sri Padmavati Mahila Visvavidyalayam, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - B Nikitha
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Sri Padmavati Mahila Visvavidyalayam, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - M Malleswari
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Sri Padmavati Mahila Visvavidyalayam, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - M Munisankar
- School of Engineering and Technology, Sri Padmavati Mahila Visvavidyalayam, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - S D Meena
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Sri Padmavati Mahila Visvavidyalayam, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - A Roja
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Sri Padmavati Mahila Visvavidyalayam, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Pelit L, Uzun UC, Baysal E, Erbaş İB, Pelit F, Ertaş TO, Buszewski B. Development of a solventless method for the pesticides analysis. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1662:462738. [PMID: 34915191 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This paper represents the results of a case study investigating the development of a novel, simple, cost-effective, solventless and sensitive chromatographic method for the determination of volatile pesticides in aqueous samples by an electrothermally prepared pencil graphite (PG). In this study, PG were conditioned by passing a suitable direct current to activate PG by Joule effect. Conditioned PG was used for the extraction of Chlorpyrifos (CP), which is used as case study. The method was also found successful in the determination of CP in real water samples, providing acceptable recovery values (82-111%).
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Cutillas V, Ferrer C, R Fernández-Alba A. Liquid chromatography versus supercritical fluid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry: a comparative study of performance for multiresidue analysis of pesticides. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:5849-5857. [PMID: 34327563 PMCID: PMC8437864 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03565-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Abundant studies have been published evaluating different parameters of reverse-phase liquid chromatography (LC) and supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC), both coupled to electrospray (ESI)/mass spectrometry (MS) for pesticide residue analysis. However, there is a lack of a comprehensive comparative study that facilitates deep knowledge about the benefits of using each technique. In the present study, the same mass spectrometer was used coupled to both liquid and supercritical fluid chromatographies with a multiresidue method of 215 compounds, for the analysis of pesticide residues in food samples. Through the injection of the spiked extracts, separate experiments were conducted. A study of the optimum ion source temperature using the different chromatography modes was performed. The results were evaluated in terms of sensitivity with tomato, leek, onion, and orange as representative fruit and vegetable matrices. The compounds which reported the highest area values in each chromatography were evaluated through their substance groups and polarity values. The impact of matrix effects obtained in tomato matrix was similar for both cases; however, SFC clearly showed better results in analyzing matrices with a higher number of natural co-extracted compounds. This can be explained by the combination of two effects: (i) chromatography separation and (ii) ion source efficiency. The chromatographic elution presented different profiles of matrix components, which had diverse impact on the coelution with the analytes, being more beneficial when SFC was used in the matrices studied. The data showed that the best results obtained in SFC are also related to a higher ionization efficiency even when the ESI emitter tip was not optimized for SFC flow. In the present study a comprehensive evaluation of the benefits and drawbacks of these chromatography modes for routine pesticide residue analysis related to target compounds/commodities is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Cutillas
- European Union Reference Laboratory for Pesticide Residues in Fruit & Vegetables, University of Almeria, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), Ctra. Sacramento S/N, La Cañada de San Urbano, 04120, Almería, Spain
| | - Carmen Ferrer
- European Union Reference Laboratory for Pesticide Residues in Fruit & Vegetables, University of Almeria, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), Ctra. Sacramento S/N, La Cañada de San Urbano, 04120, Almería, Spain
| | - Amadeo R Fernández-Alba
- European Union Reference Laboratory for Pesticide Residues in Fruit & Vegetables, University of Almeria, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), Ctra. Sacramento S/N, La Cañada de San Urbano, 04120, Almería, Spain.
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Cheng Q, Huang M, Xiao A, Xu Z, Chen X, Gao Y, Yu G. Recyclable nitrogen-containing chitin-derived carbon microsphere as sorbent for neonicotinoid residues adsorption and analysis. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 260:117770. [PMID: 33712128 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Chitin-derived three-dimensional nanomaterials has tremendous potential in pesticide residue analysis as an attractive green substitute for toxic solvents. The work presented herein focuses on constructing the environmentally friendly nitrogen-containing chitin-derived carbon microspheres (N-CCMP) for the efficient adsorption of neonicotinoid pesticides (NPs) including acetamiprid, clothianidin, imidacloprid and thiamethoxam. The N-CCMP displayed hierarchical porous structure, uniform size distribution, and excellent specific surface area of 680.8 m2 g-1. The N-CCMP with N-heterocyclic ring structure and surface oxygen functional groups exhibited good affinity to NPs, which was beneficial for the rapid adsorption. Then, the N-CCMP were utilized as sorbent in extraction of NP residues. Under the optimum conditions, the relative recoveries in water and juice sample were in the range of 85 %-116 % and 74 %-108 %, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 0.1 %∼5.2 % and 0.7 %∼5.2 %, respectively. The extraction performance of N-CCMP were still over 80 % after 5 times of reuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoyun Cheng
- Guangdong Biomaterials Engineering Technology Research Center, Institute of Bioengineering, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510316, China; Research Center for Sugarcane Industry Engineering Technology of Light Industry of China, Guangzhou, 510316, China
| | - Minxing Huang
- Guangdong Biomaterials Engineering Technology Research Center, Institute of Bioengineering, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510316, China; Research Center for Sugarcane Industry Engineering Technology of Light Industry of China, Guangzhou, 510316, China
| | - Ailing Xiao
- Guangdong Biomaterials Engineering Technology Research Center, Institute of Bioengineering, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510316, China; Research Center for Sugarcane Industry Engineering Technology of Light Industry of China, Guangzhou, 510316, China
| | - Zhuoyan Xu
- Guangdong Biomaterials Engineering Technology Research Center, Institute of Bioengineering, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510316, China; Research Center for Sugarcane Industry Engineering Technology of Light Industry of China, Guangzhou, 510316, China
| | - Xiaochu Chen
- Guangdong Biomaterials Engineering Technology Research Center, Institute of Bioengineering, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510316, China; Research Center for Sugarcane Industry Engineering Technology of Light Industry of China, Guangzhou, 510316, China.
| | - Yufeng Gao
- Guangdong Biomaterials Engineering Technology Research Center, Institute of Bioengineering, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510316, China; Research Center for Sugarcane Industry Engineering Technology of Light Industry of China, Guangzhou, 510316, China
| | - Goubin Yu
- Guangdong Biomaterials Engineering Technology Research Center, Institute of Bioengineering, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510316, China; Research Center for Sugarcane Industry Engineering Technology of Light Industry of China, Guangzhou, 510316, China.
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Cutillas V, Jesús F, Ferrer C, Fernández-Alba AR. Overcoming difficulties in the evaluation of captan and folpet residues by supercritical fluid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Talanta 2021; 223:121714. [PMID: 33303162 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Serious difficulties in evaluating the fungicides captan and folpet by the usual chromatography systems coupled to mass spectrometry are well known. These compounds are highly prone to degradation due to different conditions into tetrahydrophthalimide (THPI) and phthalimide (PHI). Such an effect can be produced at different stages of the analytical procedure or during the growing crop, making their evaluation troublesome. As a consequence, the quantification of captan and folpet is typically performed through or together these metabolites. However, imide ring metabolites can be produced by other unknown sources, including other phthalimide derived pesticides enabling false positive results. For this reason, in the last decade, laboratories demand a robust method to quantify captan and folpet, that overcomes such a situation. In the present work, various operational parameters were optimized to ensure the no degradation of captan and folpet facilitated by supercritical fluid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (SFC-MS/MS). A direct comparison with reverse-phase LC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS was conducted for comparative purposes. The representative commodities selected for this evaluation were pepper and tomato. Furthermore, possible oxidative degradation during the sample milling step was also evaluated and avoided by the application of crio-milling conditions and ascorbic acid addition. By the proposed procedure, captan and folpet were recovered in both matrices at the 84%-105% range and with an RSD below 8% at two concentration levels: 10 and 50 μg/kg. On the contrary, with GC-MS/MS, captan and folpet were not recovered, and, as a consequence, their evaluation was possible only by THPI and PI. In the case of LC-MS/MS a significant decrease in the sensitivity was observed compared to SFC-MS/MS. Other validation parameters evaluated were satisfactory. This new approach can assess the correct analysis of captan and folpet at low concentrations in fruits and vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Cutillas
- European Union Reference Laboratory for Pesticide Residues in Fruit & Vegetables. University of Almeria, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), Ctra. Sacramento S/N°, La Cañada de San Urbano, 04120, Almería, Spain
| | - Florencia Jesús
- Grupo de Análisis de Compuestos Traza, Polo de Desarrollo Universitario "Abordaje Holístico", CENUR Litoral Norte Sede Paysandú, Universidad de La República, Ruta 3 Km 363, 60000, Paysandú, Uruguay
| | - Carmen Ferrer
- European Union Reference Laboratory for Pesticide Residues in Fruit & Vegetables. University of Almeria, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), Ctra. Sacramento S/N°, La Cañada de San Urbano, 04120, Almería, Spain
| | - Amadeo R Fernández-Alba
- European Union Reference Laboratory for Pesticide Residues in Fruit & Vegetables. University of Almeria, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), Ctra. Sacramento S/N°, La Cañada de San Urbano, 04120, Almería, Spain.
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Şenocak A, Tümay SO, Makhseed S, Demirbas E, Durmuş M. A synergetic and sensitive physostigmine pesticide sensor using copper complex of 3D zinc (II) phthalocyanine-SWCNT hybrid material. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 174:112819. [PMID: 33246678 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
2,3,9,10,16,17,23,24-Octakis (4-methyl-2,6-bis((prop-2-yn-1-yloxy)methyl)phenoxy) phthalocyaninato zinc(II) (Pc) bearing sixteen terminal ethynyl groups was synthesized and attached to SWCNT (Single-walled carbon nanotube) covalently to obtain three dimensional porous hybrid material (SWCNT-Pc 3D) and its copper complex (Cu-SWCNT-Pc 3D). The structural characterization and electrochemical sensor features of the Cu-SWCNT-Pc hybrid towards to physostigmine pesticide were performed. A fast, direct and suitable determination method for physostigmine detection was offered. The designed sensor, Cu-SWCNT-Pc 3D/GCE (glassy carbon electrode) shows sensitivity ca 1.8, 4.3 and 2.8 times more than that of SWCNT/GCE, SWCNT-Pc-noncovalent/GCE and SWCNT-Pc 3D/GCE in terms of peak heights while bare and Pc/GCE had almost no voltammetric response to 2 μM physostigmine in PBS at a pH of 7.0. The limit of detection and quantification of physostigmine determination with Cu-SWCNT-Pc 3D/GCE were found to be 53 and 177 nM in the range of 0.1-4.8 μM, respectively. This study demonstrated that the modification of the GCE with Cu-SWCNT-Pc 3D as an electrochemical sensor was acted as catalytic role toward physostigmine presence of other interfering pesticides as high sensitivity and selectivity. The electrochemical determination of physostigmine in real samples was performed under the optimized conditions, also accuracy of the electrochemical determination method was evaluated with HPLC as a standard determination method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Şenocak
- Gebze Technical University, Department of Chemistry, Gebze, Kocaeli, 41400, Turkey
| | - Süreyya Oğuz Tümay
- Gebze Technical University, Department of Chemistry, Gebze, Kocaeli, 41400, Turkey
| | - Saad Makhseed
- Department of Chemistry, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 5969, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Erhan Demirbas
- Gebze Technical University, Department of Chemistry, Gebze, Kocaeli, 41400, Turkey
| | - Mahmut Durmuş
- Gebze Technical University, Department of Chemistry, Gebze, Kocaeli, 41400, Turkey.
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Song Y, Huang HC, Lu W, Li N, Su J, Cheng SB, Lai Y, Chen J, Zhan J. Ag@WS 2 quantum dots for Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy: Enhanced charge transfer induced highly sensitive detection of thiram from honey and beverages. Food Chem 2020; 344:128570. [PMID: 33199122 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Novel SERS substrates is urgently in demand for rapid and sensitive analysis of toxic agrochemicals from food. In this work, a monodispersed tungsten disulfide quantum dots modified silver nanosphere (Ag@WS2QD) was prepared and used as SERS substrate. Ag@WS2QD generated uniform and stable SERS signals within 2 min, displaying great promise in "mixing and reading" detection. Compared to unmodified colloidal silver nanoparticles, 4 times higher analytical enhancement factor was found in Ag@WS2QD. Density functional theory calculation verified the enhanced charge transfer within the coupling systems of molecule-Ag@WS2QD. Besides, the unique surface properties are beneficial for the enrichment of specific molecule. Both the chemical extraction and enhanced charge transfer contributes to rapid and sensitive SERS detection of Ag@WS2QD. A "mixing and reading" SERS method for thiram from honey and four kinds of juice was developed from Ag@WS2QD, showing great promise for rapid and direct SERS detection for toxic agrochemicals and further applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinshuang Song
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Hai-Cai Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Wenhui Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Nianlu Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Jie Su
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Shi-Bo Cheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Yongchao Lai
- Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250062, China.
| | - Jing Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China; Suzhou Institute of Shandong University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.
| | - Jinhua Zhan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
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Abdelfatah RM, Mahmoud HM, Elsayed MA, Hegazy AM. Resolution of the spectra of acetamiprid, flutolanil and etofenprox residues for their analysis in tomato fruits. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2020; 238:118444. [PMID: 32413719 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.118444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study involves spectroscopic analysis of pesticide residues extracted from tomato, one of the most freshly eaten fruit all over the world. In Egypt, tomato can be protected against pests infection by concomitantly spraying three pesticides namely, acetamiprid (AC), flutolanil (FL) and etofenprox (ET). The three pesticides have been simply and efficiently extracted from the fruits and analyzed by applying the following methods: Differential dual wavelength method, where AC, FL and ET were determined by amplitudes subtraction at 264.8-277 nm, 229-241 nm and 225.6 and 243 nm, respectively after obtaining their first derivative spectra. Modified ratio difference method, where the difference in amplitude values at 261.2 and 241 nm, 273.4 and 236.8 nm and 269.8 and 232 nm was used for determination of AC, FL and ET, respectively. The third method includes recording the amplitudes at 284, 293 and 224 nm for AC, FL and ET, respectively, after mean centering of their spectra. The linear ranges were 1-11, 0.2-2.5 and 0.2-2.5 μg mL-1 for AC, FL and ET, respectively. The methods were proven to be green regarding the Eco-Scale calculations. The methods were efficiently applied for determination of AC, FL and ET in their commercial forms and field trials, where the residues were approximately equal to or below their specified maximum residue limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehab M Abdelfatah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Egypt.
| | - Hamada M Mahmoud
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Industrial Development, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Beni-Suef University, Egypt; Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Elsayed
- Department of analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fayoum University, Egypt
| | - Amira M Hegazy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Egypt
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Leong WH, Teh SY, Hossain MM, Nadarajaw T, Zabidi-Hussin Z, Chin SY, Lai KS, Lim SHE. Application, monitoring and adverse effects in pesticide use: The importance of reinforcement of Good Agricultural Practices (GAPs). J Environ Manage 2020; 260:109987. [PMID: 32090796 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This review intends to integrate the relevant information that is related to pesticide applications in food commodities and will cover three main sections. The first section encompasses some of the guidelines that have been implemented on management of pesticide application worldwide, such as the establishment of a value called Maximum Residue Level (MRL) through the application of Good Agricultural Practices (GAPs) into daily agricultural activities. A brief overview of the methods adopted in quantification of these trace residues in different food samples will also be covered. Briefly, pesticide analysis is usually performed in two stages: sample preparation and analytical instrumentation. Some of the preparation methods such as QuEChERs still remain as the technique of choice for most of the analytical scientists. In terms of the instrumentation such as the gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometry (GC-MS) and high performance-liquid chromatography (HPLC), these are still widely used, in spite of new inventions that are more sustainable and efficient such as the capillary electrophoresis (CE). Finally, the third section emphasizes on how pesticides can affect our health significantly whereby different types of pesticides result in different adverse health implications, despite its application benefits in agriculture in controlling pests. To date, there are limited reviews on pesticide usage in many agricultural-based nations; for the purpose of this review, Malaysia is selected to better illustrate pesticide regulations and implementation of policies. Finally, the review aims to provide an insight on how implementation of GAP and food safety assurance are inter-related and with this established correlation, to identify further measures for improvement to enable reinforcement of optimised agricultural practices specifically in these countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wye-Hong Leong
- Perdana University- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, School of Medicine, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Shu-Yi Teh
- Perdana University- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, School of Medicine, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Moshaddeque Hossain
- Faculty of Public Health and Health Sciences, Hamdard University Bangladesh, Hamdard City of Science, Education and Culture, Gazaria, Munshiganj, 1510, Bangladesh
| | - Thiyagar Nadarajaw
- Department of Paediatrics, Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah, 05460, Alor Setar, Kedah, Malaysia
| | - Zabidi Zabidi-Hussin
- School of Medicine, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Swee-Yee Chin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kok-Song Lai
- Division of Health Sciences, Abu Dhabi Women's College, Higher Colleges of Technology, 41012, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Swee-Hua Erin Lim
- Perdana University- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, School of Medicine, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Division of Health Sciences, Abu Dhabi Women's College, Higher Colleges of Technology, 41012, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
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12
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Rutkowska E, Łozowicka B, Kaczyński P. Compensation of matrix effects in seed matrices followed by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis of pesticide residues. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1614:460738. [PMID: 31806271 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Despite analytical advances, matrix effects (MEs) in pesticide residue analysis by gas chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry continue to be a challenge, especially in difficult samples such as seeds. In this study, the influence of different clean-up sorbents (chitin, chitosan, Z-Sep+, EMR-Lipid) and different mixtures of primary secondary amine (PSA), C18, graphitized carbon black (GCB) and MgSO4 were investigated in terms of MEs and recoveries in four types of seeds: cress, fennel, flax, and hemp. Additionally, different volumes of water (5, 7.5 and 10 mL) were investigated for QuEChERS extraction. Under the selected conditions: the largest volume of water (10 mL) and PSA/C18/GCB/MgSO4 (50/150/50/50 mg, respectively) as clean-up sorbent yielded acceptable recoveries of 70-120% for most of the pesticides (211-225 out of 248 compounds) and the lowest MEs were between -20%>MEs>20% (27-50 compounds). The final method was validated for 248 pesticides with LOQs equal to 0.005 mg kg-1. Additionally, matrix-matched calibration was used as a practical method to compensate for MEs. Among the 21 pesticides found in 12 of the samples, chlorpyrifos (0.008-1.1 mg kg-1), tebuconazole (0.071-0.96 mg kg-1), and trifloxystrobin (0.007-0.15 mg kg-1) were most commonly determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Rutkowska
- Institute of Plant Protection National Research Institute, Food and Feed Safety Laboratory, Chełmońskiego 22, 15-195 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Bożena Łozowicka
- Institute of Plant Protection National Research Institute, Food and Feed Safety Laboratory, Chełmońskiego 22, 15-195 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Piotr Kaczyński
- Institute of Plant Protection National Research Institute, Food and Feed Safety Laboratory, Chełmońskiego 22, 15-195 Bialystok, Poland.
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Takahashi F, Kobayashi K, Jin J. Development and application of ultrasound-assisted microextraction to analysis of fenitrothion in environmental samples. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 408:7473-9. [PMID: 27503543 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-9840-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Revised: 07/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A microextraction technique based on ultrasonic emulsification and demulsification was developed for detecting pesticides at trace levels in environmental water samples. In this ultrasound-assisted microextraction (UAME), chloroform was emulsified with an aqueous sample solution containing trace fenitrothion (MEP) by ultrasonic irradiation (48 kHz) for 5 min. The emulsion was then demulsified by ultrasonic irradiation (2.4 MHz) for 10 min. This resulted in phase separation of the water and chloroform without centrifugation. The demulsified chloroform was collected by a microsyringe and submitted to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. In conventional extraction with mechanical stirring, the extraction recovery (ER) of MEP was strongly dependent on the sample/chloroform volume ratio. However, in UAME, the ER was independent of the volume ratio and the ER was >80 % when the enrichment factor was 40. In UAME, MEP was rapidly extracted into the chloroform because of the large specific surface areas of the small chloroform droplets in the oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion. This gave a high extraction efficiency for MEP. UAME is a simple method requiring only a change in the ultrasound frequency and with no pretreatment steps that could contaminate the sample. The suitability of UAME was demonstrated by application to the detection of trace levels of pesticides in a spiked water sample from a fish tank. Graphical abstract Schematic diagram of the ultrasound-assisted microextraction (UAME) method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumiki Takahashi
- Center for Energy and Environmental Science, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Nagano, 390-8621, Japan.
| | - Kanya Kobayashi
- Nagano Prefectural Police Headquarters, Research Institute of Scientific Criminal Investigation, 3916 Nishijo, Matsushiro, Nagano, 381-1232, Japan
| | - Jiye Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shinshu University, Asahi 3-1-1, Matsumoto, Nagano, 390-8621, Japan
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Goscinny S, Joly L, De Pauw E, Hanot V, Eppe G. Travelling-wave ion mobility time-of-flight mass spectrometry as an alternative strategy for screening of multi-class pesticides in fruits and vegetables. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1405:85-93. [PMID: 26100574 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.05.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Revised: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This paper reports a novel approach to screening multi-class pesticides by ion mobility time-of-flight mass spectrometry detection. Nitrogen was selected as mobility gas. After optimization of the different ion mobility parameters, determination of matrix effect on the drift times was conducted using different matrix extracts. The results showed that drift time values are not influenced by the matrix and also are independent of the concentration within the working range for 100 pesticides tested, making drift time a powerful additional identification tool. Based on statistics, 2% variation criteria provides a good fit for all the pesticides targeted, and could be considered as a maximum acceptable criteria associated with the drift time parameter for identification purpose. This 2% value is in agreement with already reported criteria, for instance, for GC or LC retention time in European documents. Finally, the well-known feature of mobility to separate complex mixtures was also tested to obtain purified extracted mass spectra of pesticides present in fruit extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Séverine Goscinny
- Scientific Institute of Public Health, 14, rue Juliette Wytsman, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Laure Joly
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, University of Liège, 3 Allée de la chimie B6C, Liège, Belgium
| | - Edwin De Pauw
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, University of Liège, 3 Allée de la chimie B6C, Liège, Belgium
| | - Vincent Hanot
- Scientific Institute of Public Health, 14, rue Juliette Wytsman, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Gauthier Eppe
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry/Inorganic Analytical Chemistry, University of Liège, 3 Allée de la chimie B6C, Liège, Belgium.
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