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Porrini MP, Porrini LP, Garrido PM, de Melo E Silva Neto C, Porrini DP, Muller F, Nuñez LA, Alvarez L, Iriarte PF, Eguaras MJ. Nosema ceranae in South American Native Stingless Bees and Social Wasp. Microb Ecol 2017; 74:761-764. [PMID: 28389730 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-017-0975-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Besides the incipient research effort, the role of parasites as drivers of the reduction affecting pollinator populations is mostly unknown. Given the worldwide extension of the beekeeping practice and the diversity of pathogens affecting Apis mellifera populations, honey bee colonies are a certain source of parasite dispersion to other species. Here, we communicate the detection of the microsporidium Nosema ceranae, a relatively new parasite of honey bees, in stingless bees (Meliponini) and the social wasp Polybia scutellaris (Vespidae) samples from Argentina and Brazil by means of duplex PCR. Beyond the geographic location of the nests, N. ceranae was detected in seven from the eight Meliponini species analyzed, while Nosema apis, another common parasite of A. mellifera, was absent in all samples tested. Further research is necessary to determine if the presence of the parasite is also associated with established infection in host tissues. The obtained information enriches the current knowledge about pathologies that can infect or, at least, be vectored by native wild pollinators from South America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martín Pablo Porrini
- Centro de Investigación en Abejas Sociales (CIAS), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Funes 3350, 7600, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Leonardo Pablo Porrini
- Centro de Investigación en Abejas Sociales (CIAS), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Funes 3350, 7600, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Paula Melisa Garrido
- Centro de Investigación en Abejas Sociales (CIAS), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Funes 3350, 7600, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carlos de Melo E Silva Neto
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnólogia de Goiás, Quartel do XX, Praça Brasil Ramos Caiado, 76600.000, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Darío Pablo Porrini
- GENEBSO, INBIOTEC, UNMdP, CONICET, Funes 3350, 7600, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Fernando Muller
- Centro de Cría y mejoramiento de abejas "Erich Karl Faltus", N° 111009, Calle J. M. Estrada N°210, N3233, Capioví, Argentina
| | - Laura Alejandra Nuñez
- Laboratorio de Industrias Alimenticias, Universidad Nacional del Chaco Austral, Cdte. Fernandez 755, 3700, Pres. R. Sáenz Peña, Argentina
| | - Leopoldo Alvarez
- División Entomología, Museo de La Plata, CONICET, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Edificio Anexo Museo, Unidades de Investigación FCN yM, 122 y 60, 1900FWA, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Pedro Fernandez Iriarte
- Laboratorio de Genética, Dto. de Biología, CONICET, UNMdP, Funes 3350, 7600, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Martín Javier Eguaras
- Centro de Investigación en Abejas Sociales (CIAS), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Funes 3350, 7600, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Barros EC, Bacci L, Picanco MC, Martins JC, Rosado JF, Silva GA. Physiological selectivity and activity reduction of insecticides by rainfall to predatory wasps of Tuta absoluta. J Environ Sci Health B 2015; 50:45-54. [PMID: 25421627 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2015.965621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we carried out three bioassays with nine used insecticides in tomato crops to identify their efficiency against tomato leaf miner Tuta absoluta, the physiological selectivity and the activity reduction of insecticides by three rain regimes to predatory wasps Protonectarina sylveirae and Polybia scutellaris. We assessed the mortality caused by the recommended doses of abamectin, beta-cyfluthrin, cartap, chlorfenapyr, etofenprox, methamidophos, permethrin, phenthoate and spinosad to T. absoluta and wasps at the moment of application. In addition, we evaluated the wasp mortality due to the insecticides for 30 days on plants that did not receive rain and on plants that received 4 or 125 mm of rain. Spinosad, cartap, chlorfenapyr, phenthoate, abamectin and methamidophos caused mortality higher than 90% to T. absoluta, whereas the pyrethroids beta-cyfluthrin, etofenprox and permethrin caused mortality between 8.5% and 46.25%. At the moment of application, all the insecticides were highly toxic to the wasps, causing mortality higher than 80%. In the absence of rain, all the insecticides continued to cause high mortality to the wasps for 30 days after the application. The toxicity of spinosad and methamidophos on both wasp species; beta-cyfluthrin on P. sylveirae and chlorfenapyr and abamectin on P. scutellaris, decreased when the plants received 4 mm of rain. In contrast, the other insecticides only showed reduced toxicity on the wasps when the plants received 125 mm of rain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emerson C Barros
- a Departamento de Entomologia , Universidade Federal de Viçosa , Viçosa , MG , Brazil
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