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Jin L, Cai Q, Huang W, Dastmalchi K, Rigau J, Molinas M, Figueras M, Serra O, Stark RE. Potato native and wound periderms are differently affected by down-regulation of FHT, a suberin feruloyl transferase. Phytochemistry 2018; 147:30-48. [PMID: 29288888 PMCID: PMC5801124 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2017.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Potato native and wound healing periderms contain an external multilayered phellem tissue (potato skin) consisting of dead cells whose cell walls are impregnated with suberin polymers. The phellem provides physical and chemical barriers to tuber dehydration, heat transfer, and pathogenic infection. Previous RNAi-mediated gene silencing studies in native periderm have demonstrated a role for a feruloyl transferase (FHT) in suberin biosynthesis and revealed how its down-regulation affects both chemical composition and physiology. To complement these prior analyses and to investigate the impact of FHT deficiency in wound periderms, a bottom-up methodology has been used to analyze soluble tissue extracts and solid polymers concurrently. Multivariate statistical analysis of LC-MS and GC-MS data, augmented by solid-state NMR and thioacidolysis, yields two types of new insights: the chemical compounds responsible for contrasting metabolic profiles of native and wound periderms, and the impact of FHT deficiency in each of these plant tissues. In the current report, we confirm a role for FHT in developing wound periderm and highlight its distinctive features as compared to the corresponding native potato periderm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqing Jin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, City University of New York and CUNY Institute for Macromolecular Assemblies, New York, NY 10031, USA; Program in Biochemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Qing Cai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, City University of New York and CUNY Institute for Macromolecular Assemblies, New York, NY 10031, USA; Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Wenlin Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, City University of New York and CUNY Institute for Macromolecular Assemblies, New York, NY 10031, USA
| | - Keyvan Dastmalchi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, City University of New York and CUNY Institute for Macromolecular Assemblies, New York, NY 10031, USA
| | - Joan Rigau
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics, Consorci CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus de Bellaterra UAB, E-08193, Cerdanyola Del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marisa Molinas
- Laboratori Del Suro, Departament de Biologia, University of Girona, Campus Montilivi, Girona, E-17071 Spain
| | - Mercè Figueras
- Laboratori Del Suro, Departament de Biologia, University of Girona, Campus Montilivi, Girona, E-17071 Spain
| | - Olga Serra
- Laboratori Del Suro, Departament de Biologia, University of Girona, Campus Montilivi, Girona, E-17071 Spain
| | - Ruth E Stark
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, City University of New York and CUNY Institute for Macromolecular Assemblies, New York, NY 10031, USA; Program in Biochemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY 10016, USA; Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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Vulavala VKR, Fogelman E, Rozental L, Faigenboim A, Tanami Z, Shoseyov O, Ginzberg I. Identification of genes related to skin development in potato. Plant Mol Biol 2017; 94:481-494. [PMID: 28536883 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-017-0619-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Newly identified genes that are preferentially expressed in potato skin include genes that are associated with the secondary cell wall and stress-related activities and contribute to the skin's protective function. Microarrays were used to compare the skin and tuber-flesh transcriptomes of potato, to identify genes that contribute to the unique characteristics of the skin as a protective tissue. Functional gene analysis indicated that genes involved in developmental processes such as cell division, cell differentiation, morphogenesis and secondary cell wall formation (lignification and suberization), and stress-related activities, are more highly expressed in the skin than in the tuber flesh. Several genes that were differentially expressed in the skin (as verified by qPCR) and had not been previously identified in potato were selected for further analysis. These included the StKCS20-like, StFAR3, StCYP86A22 and StPOD72-like genes, whose sequences suggest that they may be closely related to known suberin-related genes; the StHAP3 transcription factor that directs meristem-specific expression; and the StCASP1B2-like and StCASP1-like genes, which are two orthologs of a protein family that mediates the formation of Casparian strips in the suberized endodermis of Arabidopsis roots. An examination of microtubers induced from transgenic plants carrying GUS reporter constructs of these genes indicated that these genes were expressed in the skin, with little to no expression in the tuber flesh. Some of the reporter constructs were preferentially expressed in the inner layers of the skin, the root endodermis, the vascular cambium and the epidermis of the stem. Cis-regulatory elements within the respective promoter sequences support this gene-expression pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijaya K R Vulavala
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, 68 HaMaccabim Road, P.O. Box 15159, Rishon LeZion, 7505101, Israel
- The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O. Box 12, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Edna Fogelman
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, 68 HaMaccabim Road, P.O. Box 15159, Rishon LeZion, 7505101, Israel
| | - Lior Rozental
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, 68 HaMaccabim Road, P.O. Box 15159, Rishon LeZion, 7505101, Israel
| | - Adi Faigenboim
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, 68 HaMaccabim Road, P.O. Box 15159, Rishon LeZion, 7505101, Israel
| | - Zachariah Tanami
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, 68 HaMaccabim Road, P.O. Box 15159, Rishon LeZion, 7505101, Israel
| | - Oded Shoseyov
- The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O. Box 12, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Idit Ginzberg
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, 68 HaMaccabim Road, P.O. Box 15159, Rishon LeZion, 7505101, Israel.
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Vulavala VKR, Elbaum R, Yermiyahu U, Fogelman E, Kumar A, Ginzberg I. Silicon fertilization of potato: expression of putative transporters and tuber skin quality. Planta 2016; 243:217-29. [PMID: 26384982 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-015-2401-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
A silicon transporter homolog was upregulated by Si fertilization and drought in potato roots and leaves. High Si in tuber skin resulted in anatomical and compositional changes suggesting delayed skin maturation. Silicon (Si) fertilization has beneficial effects on plant resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Potatoes, low Si accumulators, are susceptible to yield loss due to suboptimal growth conditions; thus Si fertilization may contribute to crop improvement. The effect of Si fertilization on transcript levels of putative transporters, Si uptake and tuber quality was studied in potatoes grown in a glasshouse and fertilized with sodium silicate, under normal and drought-stress conditions. Anatomical studies and Raman spectroscopic analyses of tuber skin were conducted. A putative transporter, StLsi1, with conserved amino acid domains for Si transport, was isolated. The StLsi1 transcript was detected in roots and leaves and its level increased twofold following Si fertilization, and about fivefold in leaves upon Si × drought interaction. Nevertheless, increased Si accumulation was detected only in tuber peel of Si-fertilized plants--probably due to passive movement of Si from the soil solution--where it modified skin cell morphology and cell-wall composition. Compared to controls, skin cell area was greater, suberin biosynthetic genes were upregulated and skin cell walls were enriched with oxidized aromatic moieties suggesting enhanced lignification and suberization. The accumulating data suggest delayed tuber skin maturation following Si fertilization. Despite StLsi1 upregulation, low accumulation of Si in roots and leaves may result from low transport activity. Study of Si metabolism in potato, a major staple food, would contribute to the improvement of other low Si crops to ensure food security under changing climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijaya K R Vulavala
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, PO Box 6, 5025001, Bet Dagan, Israel
- The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, PO Box 12, 7610001, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Rivka Elbaum
- The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, PO Box 12, 7610001, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Uri Yermiyahu
- Institute of Soil and Water, Agricultural Research Organization, Gilat Center, Negev, 85280, Israel
| | - Edna Fogelman
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, PO Box 6, 5025001, Bet Dagan, Israel
| | - Akhilesh Kumar
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, PO Box 6, 5025001, Bet Dagan, Israel
| | - Idit Ginzberg
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, PO Box 6, 5025001, Bet Dagan, Israel.
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