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Yamamoto T, Iizuka Y, Izumi-Yamamoto K, Shirota M, Mori N, Tahara Y, Fujita T, Gotoda T. Overexpression of Slc22a18 facilitates fat accumulation in mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 712-713:149922. [PMID: 38626531 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
We previously reported that solute carrier family 22 member 18 (Slc22a18) regulates lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Here, we provide additional evidence derived from experiments with adenoviral vector expression and genetic manipulation of mice. In primary cultured rat hepatocytes, adenoviral overexpression of mouse Slc22a18 increased triglyceride accumulation and triglyceride synthetic activity, which was decreased in an adenoviral knockdown experiment. Adenoviral overexpression of mouse Slc22a18 in vivo caused massive fatty liver in mice, even under normal dietary conditions. Conversely, adenoviral knockdown of mouse Slc22a18 reduced hepatic lipid accumulation induced by a high-glucose and high-sucrose diet. We created Slc22a18 knockout mice, which grew normally and showed no obvious spontaneous phenotypes. However, compared with control littermates, the knockout mice exhibited decreased hepatic triglyceride content under refeeding conditions, significantly reduced epididymal fat mass, and tended to have lower liver weight in conjunction with leptin deficiency. Finally, we created transgenic mice overexpressing rat Slc22a18 in an adipose-specific manner, which had increased body weight and epididymal fat mass primarily because of increased adipocyte cell volume. In these transgenic mice, a positive correlation was observed between adiposity and the expression levels of the rat Slc22a18 transgene. Taken together, these results indicate that Slc22a18 has positive effects on lipid accumulation in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Yamamoto
- Department of Metabolic Biochemistry, Kyorin University, Tokyo, 181-8611, Japan
| | - Yoko Iizuka
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Kozue Izumi-Yamamoto
- Department of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Midori Shirota
- Department of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Nobuko Mori
- Department of Metabolic Biochemistry, Kyorin University, Tokyo, 181-8611, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Tahara
- Department of Metabolic Biochemistry, Kyorin University, Tokyo, 181-8611, Japan
| | - Toshiro Fujita
- Division of Clinical Epigenetics, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 153-8904, Japan
| | - Takanari Gotoda
- Department of Metabolic Biochemistry, Kyorin University, Tokyo, 181-8611, Japan.
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Kim TW, Pyo DH, Ko E, Yun NH, Song SJ, Choi SM, Hong HK, Kim SH, Choi YL, Lee J, Lee WY, Cho YB. Expression of SLC22A18 regulates oxaliplatin resistance by modulating the ERK pathway in colorectal cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:1393-1408. [PMID: 35411243 PMCID: PMC8984883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Although oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy is the current standard adjuvant therapy for colorectal cancer (CRC), the molecular mechanisms underlying oxaliplatin resistance remain unclear. Here, we examined the molecular mechanisms underlying SLC22A18-associated oxaliplatin resistance and strategies for overcoming oxaliplatin resistance. We evaluated the association between SLC22A18 and prognosis in 337 patients with CRC and its functional significance and studied the mechanisms through which SLC22A18 affects oxaliplatin resistance development in CRC cells, using CRC cell lines and patient-derived cells (PDCs). SLC22A18 downregulation was positively correlated with worse survival in patients with CRC. Low SLC22A18-expressing cells showed relatively lower sensitivity to oxaliplatin than high SLC22A18-expressing cells. In addition, ERK activation was found to be involved in the mechanisms underlying SLC22A18-related oxaliplatin resistance. To confirm ERK pathway dependence, we used an ERK inhibitor and found that combined treatment with oxaliplatin and the ERK inhibitor overcame oxaliplatin resistance in the low SLC22A18-expressing cells. Ex vivo approaches using PDC confirmed the correlation between SLC22A18 expression and oxaliplatin resistance. Results of the in vivo study showed that SLC22A18 expression regulated oxaliplatin efficacy, and that combined treatment with an ERK inhibitor could be a useful therapeutic strategy when SLC22A18 is downregulated. Together, our findings indicate that SLC22A18 could serve as a biomarker for the prediction of oxaliplatin resistance. In cases of oxaliplatin resistance due to low SLC22A18 expression, resistance can be overcome by combined treatment with an ERK inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Won Kim
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan UniversitySeoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Hee Pyo
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunbyeol Ko
- Institute for Future Medicine Samsung Medical CenterSeoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nak Hyeon Yun
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan UniversitySeoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Jeong Song
- Institute for Future Medicine Samsung Medical CenterSeoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Min Choi
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan UniversitySeoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Kyung Hong
- Institute for Future Medicine Samsung Medical CenterSeoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Hyung Kim
- Department of Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-La Choi
- Department of Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeeyun Lee
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Yong Lee
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Beom Cho
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan UniversitySeoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Convergence, Sungkyunkwan UniversitySeoul, Republic of Korea
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Noguera-Uclés JF, Boyero L, Salinas A, Cordero Varela JA, Benedetti JC, Bernabé-Caro R, Sánchez-Gastaldo A, Alonso M, Paz-Ares L, Molina-Pinelo S. The Roles of Imprinted SLC22A18 and SLC22A18AS Gene Overexpression Caused by Promoter CpG Island Hypomethylation as Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082075. [PMID: 32726996 PMCID: PMC7466018 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Genomic imprinting is a process that involves one gene copy turned-off in a parent-of-origin-dependent manner. The regulation of imprinted genes is broadly dependent on promoter methylation marks, which are frequently associated with both oncogenes and tumor suppressors. The purpose of this study was to assess the DNA methylation patterns of the imprinted solute-carrier family 22 member 18 (SLC22A18) and SLC22A18 antisense (SLC22A18AS) genes in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients to study their relevance to the disease. We found that both genes were hypomethylated in adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma patients. Due to this imprinting loss, SLC22A18 and SLC22A18AS were found to be overexpressed in NSCLC tissues, which is significantly more evident in lung adenocarcinoma patients. These results were validated through analyses of public databases of NSCLC patients. The reversed gene profile of both genes was achieved in vitro by treatment with ademetionine. We then showed that high SLC22A18 and SLC22A18AS expression levels were significantly associated with worsening disease progression. In addition, low levels of SLC22A18AS were also correlated with better overall survival for lung adenocarcinoma patients. We found that SLC22A18 and SLC22A18AS knockdown inhibits cell proliferation in vitro. All these results suggest that both genes may be useful as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in NSCLC, revealing novel therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Francisco Noguera-Uclés
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS) (HUVR, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla), 41013 Seville, Spain; (J.F.N.-U.); (L.B.); (A.S.); (J.A.C.V.); (J.C.B.); (R.B.-C.); (A.S.-G.); (M.A.)
| | - Laura Boyero
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS) (HUVR, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla), 41013 Seville, Spain; (J.F.N.-U.); (L.B.); (A.S.); (J.A.C.V.); (J.C.B.); (R.B.-C.); (A.S.-G.); (M.A.)
| | - Ana Salinas
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS) (HUVR, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla), 41013 Seville, Spain; (J.F.N.-U.); (L.B.); (A.S.); (J.A.C.V.); (J.C.B.); (R.B.-C.); (A.S.-G.); (M.A.)
| | - Juan Antonio Cordero Varela
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS) (HUVR, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla), 41013 Seville, Spain; (J.F.N.-U.); (L.B.); (A.S.); (J.A.C.V.); (J.C.B.); (R.B.-C.); (A.S.-G.); (M.A.)
| | - Johana Cristina Benedetti
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS) (HUVR, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla), 41013 Seville, Spain; (J.F.N.-U.); (L.B.); (A.S.); (J.A.C.V.); (J.C.B.); (R.B.-C.); (A.S.-G.); (M.A.)
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Reyes Bernabé-Caro
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS) (HUVR, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla), 41013 Seville, Spain; (J.F.N.-U.); (L.B.); (A.S.); (J.A.C.V.); (J.C.B.); (R.B.-C.); (A.S.-G.); (M.A.)
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Amparo Sánchez-Gastaldo
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS) (HUVR, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla), 41013 Seville, Spain; (J.F.N.-U.); (L.B.); (A.S.); (J.A.C.V.); (J.C.B.); (R.B.-C.); (A.S.-G.); (M.A.)
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Miriam Alonso
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS) (HUVR, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla), 41013 Seville, Spain; (J.F.N.-U.); (L.B.); (A.S.); (J.A.C.V.); (J.C.B.); (R.B.-C.); (A.S.-G.); (M.A.)
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Luis Paz-Ares
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- H12O-CNIO Lung Cancer Clinical Research Unit, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre & Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Molina-Pinelo
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS) (HUVR, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla), 41013 Seville, Spain; (J.F.N.-U.); (L.B.); (A.S.); (J.A.C.V.); (J.C.B.); (R.B.-C.); (A.S.-G.); (M.A.)
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, 41013 Seville, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Correspondence:
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Engelhart DC, Azad P, Ali S, Granados JC, Haddad GG, Nigam SK. Drosophila SLC22 Orthologs Related to OATs, OCTs, and OCTNs Regulate Development and Responsiveness to Oxidative Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E2002. [PMID: 32183456 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21062002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The SLC22 family of transporters is widely expressed, evolutionarily conserved, and plays a major role in regulating homeostasis by transporting small organic molecules such as metabolites, signaling molecules, and antioxidants. Analysis of transporters in fruit flies provides a simple yet orthologous platform to study the endogenous function of drug transporters in vivo. Evolutionary analysis of Drosophila melanogaster putative SLC22 orthologs reveals that, while many of the 25 SLC22 fruit fly orthologs do not fall within previously established SLC22 subclades, at least four members appear orthologous to mammalian SLC22 members (SLC22A16:CG6356, SLC22A15:CG7458, CG7442 and SLC22A18:CG3168). We functionally evaluated the role of SLC22 transporters in Drosophila melanogaster by knocking down 14 of these genes. Three putative SLC22 ortholog knockdowns-CG3168, CG6356, and CG7442/SLC22A-did not undergo eclosion and were lethal at the pupa stage, indicating the developmental importance of these genes. Additionally, knocking down four SLC22 members increased resistance to oxidative stress via paraquat testing (CG4630: p < 0.05, CG6006: p < 0.05, CG6126: p < 0.01 and CG16727: p < 0.05). Consistent with recent evidence that SLC22 is central to a Remote Sensing and Signaling Network (RSSN) involved in signaling and metabolism, these phenotypes support a key role for SLC22 in handling reactive oxygen species.
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Ito S, Honda G, Fujino Y, Ogata S, Hirayama-Kurogi M, Ohtsuki S. Knockdown of Orphan Transporter SLC22A18 Impairs Lipid Metabolism and Increases Invasiveness of HepG2 Cells. Pharm Res 2019; 36:39. [PMID: 30635741 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-018-2565-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this work is to investigate the roles of solute carrier family 22 member 18 (SLC22A18) in lipid metabolism and in establishing the tumor phenotype of HepG2 cells. METHODS SLC22A18-knockdown HepG2 cells were established by stable transfection with shRNA. Protein expression levels were measured by quantitative proteomics and Western blot analysis. Cell growth was examined by cell counting kit. Accumulation of triglyceride-rich lipid droplets was measured by Oil-Red O staining. Cell migration and invasion were examined by Transwell assays. RESULTS SLC22A18-knockdown HepG2 cells accumulated triglyceride-rich lipid droplets and showed decreased expression levels of lysosomal/autophagic proteins, suggesting that lipid degradation is suppressed. Growth of HepG2 cells was decreased by SLC22A18 knockdown, but was restored by free fatty acid supplementation. In addition, SLC22A18 knockdown decreased the expression of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 1 (IGFBP-1) and increased the invasion ability of HepG2 cells. Exogenous IGFBP-1 blocked the increase of invasion activity induced by SLC22A18 knockdown. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that suppression of SLC22A18 decreased the supply of intracellular free fatty acids from triglyceride-rich lipid droplets by impairing the lysosomal/autophagy degradation pathway and reduced the invasive activity of HepG2 cells by decreasing IGFBP-1 expression.
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Jung Y, Jun Y, Lee HY, Kim S, Jung Y, Keum J, Lee YS, Cho YB, Lee S, Kim J. Characterization of SLC22A18 as a tumor suppressor and novel biomarker in colorectal cancer. Oncotarget 2016. [PMID: 26196590 PMCID: PMC4694837 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
SLC22A18, solute carrier family 22, member 18, has been proposed to function as a tumor suppressor based on its chromosomal location at 11p15.5, mutations and aberrant splicing in several types of cancer and down-regulation in glioblastoma. In this study, we sought to demonstrate the significance of SLC22A18 as a tumor suppressor in colorectal cancer (CRC) and provide mechanistic bases for its function. We first showed that the expression of SLC22A18 is significantly down-regulated in tumor tissues using matched normal-tumor samples from CRC patients. This finding was also supported by publically accessible data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Functionally, SLC22A18 inhibits colony formation and induces of G2/M arrest consistent with being a tumor suppressor. Interestingly, suppression of KRAS by RNA interference promotes SLC22A18 expression, and expression of SLC22A18 in turn inhibits KRASG12D-mediated anchorage independent growth of NIH3T3 cells indicating a mutual negative interaction. Finally, we evaluated diagnostic and prognostic values of SLC22A18 using clinical and gene expression data from TCGA which revealed a significantly worse long-term prognosis for patients with low level SLC22A18 expression. In sum, we established SLC22A18 as a tumor suppressor in colon epithelial cells and propose that SLC22A18 is potentially a marker of diagnostic and prognostic values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeonjoo Jung
- Ewha Research Center for Systems Biology, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yukyung Jun
- Ewha Research Center for Systems Biology, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee-Young Lee
- Ewha Research Center for Systems Biology, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Suyeon Kim
- Ewha Research Center for Systems Biology, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeonhwa Jung
- Ewha Research Center for Systems Biology, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Juhee Keum
- Ewha Research Center for Systems Biology, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeo Song Lee
- Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Beom Cho
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sanghyuk Lee
- Ewha Research Center for Systems Biology, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jaesang Kim
- Ewha Research Center for Systems Biology, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
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