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Pu J, Ma J, Li J, Wang S, Zhang W. Organosilicon and inorganic silica inhibit polystyrene nanoparticles uptake in rice. J Hazard Mater 2023; 442:130012. [PMID: 36182889 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Nanoplastics (NPs) have become an emerging global environmental problem, and the toxicity of polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) in rice plants has received widespread attention. However, few studies have focused on silicon (Si)-mediated interactions between PS-NPs and rice. Thus, two forms of Si (organosilicon/inorganic silica) treated rice cells were exposure of positively or negatively charged NPs, PS-NH2 and PS-COOH, to evaluate the effects of Si for defense against PS-NPs toxicity in rice. The result showed PS-NH2 nanoparticles were accumulated at relatively low levels in cells compared with that of PS-COOH, but induced a higher accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide radicals (O2•-). However, both organosilicon and inorganic silica can generate more negative potential on the surfaces of cell wall to absorb large numbers of positively charged PS-NH2. In addition, they can prevent the uptake of both PS-NH2 and PS-COOH through reducing the porosity on the surface of the cell walls. These finally alleviated the toxicity of oxidative stress caused by PS-NPs and improved the viability of rice cells. Our findings demonstrated the significant contribution of Si in combating PS-NPs in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junbao Pu
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jie Ma
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jianguo Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Sheliang Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Wenjun Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Mišúthová A, Slováková Ľ, Kollárová K, Vaculík M. Effect of silicon on root growth, ionomics and antioxidant performance of maize roots exposed to As toxicity. Plant Physiol Biochem 2021; 168:155-166. [PMID: 34628176 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, one of the biggest challenges of plant physiology is to find out the ways how to mitigate negative impacts of abiotic stress on plants. It is the pollution of groundwater or soil by various metals and metalloids that significantly affects the quality of life. Both arsenic (As) and silicon (Si) are metalloids - while the first one is toxic in general, the latter one is considered as beneficial for plants suffering from various kinds of stresses. The aim of our work was to elucidate the growth and development of young maize (Zea mays L.) plants exposed to both of these metalloids simultaneously. Experiments were focused on the comparison of root growth and biomass allocation, changes in uptake of macro- and micronutrients, visualisation of free radicals along with monitoring of the dynamics of main antioxidant enzymes activity in roots. The results showed that increasing concentration of As (75 and 150 μM As) severely inhibited root length and the amount of biomass, and addition of Si (2.5 mM) to the medium containing As did not have a significant effect on root growth. Similarly, the application of Si did not influence the uptake of macro- and microelements into the roots (mainly Ca, P, K, Mo, Cu, Zn and Ni) which was mostly decreased due to As. On the other hand, Si significantly decreased the presence of both superoxide and hydrogen peroxide in roots that suffered from As toxicity. Although the overall growth of maize plants was not improved by Si amendment, we assume that Si might affect the functionality of key antioxidant enzymes in time, and in this way at least partially help to overcome negative effects of As on maize roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Mišúthová
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynska Dolina B2, Ilkovicova 6, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ľudmila Slováková
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynska Dolina B2, Ilkovicova 6, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Karin Kollárová
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynska Dolina B2, Ilkovicova 6, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Marek Vaculík
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynska Dolina B2, Ilkovicova 6, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovakia; Institute of Botany, Plant Science and Biodiversity Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 845 23, Bratislava, Slovakia.
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Vaculík M, Kováč J, Fialová I, Fiala R, Jašková K, Luxová M. Multiple effects of silicon on alleviation of nickel toxicity in young maize roots. J Hazard Mater 2021; 415:125570. [PMID: 33765562 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Although beneficial metalloid silicon (Si) has been shown to alleviate the toxicity of various heavy metals, there is a lack of knowledge about the role of Si in possible alleviation of phytotoxicity caused by excess of essential nickel (Ni). In the present study we investigated the growth and biomass production, reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and activities of selected antioxidants, as well as combined effect of Ni and Si on the integrity of cell membranes and electrolyte leakage in young maize roots treated for 24, 48 and 72 h with excess of Ni and/or Si. By histochemical methods we also visualized Ni distribution in root tissues and compared the uptake of Ni and Si with the development of root apoplasmic barriers. Ni enhanced the root lignification and suberization and shifted the development of apoplasmic barriers towards the root tip. Similarly, localization of Ni correlated with lignin and suberin deposition in root endodermis, further supporting the barrier role of this tissue in Ni uptake. Si reversed the negative impact of Ni on root anatomy. Additionally, improved cell membrane integrity, and enhanced ascorbate-based antioxidant system might be the mechanisms how Si partially mitigates the deleterious effects of Ni excess in maize plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Vaculík
- Institute of Botany, Plant Science and Biodiversity Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, SK-845 23 Bratislava, Slovakia; Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovicova 6, SK-842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Ján Kováč
- Institute of Botany, Plant Science and Biodiversity Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, SK-845 23 Bratislava, Slovakia; Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovicova 6, SK-842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ivana Fialová
- Institute of Botany, Plant Science and Biodiversity Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, SK-845 23 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Roderik Fiala
- Institute of Botany, Plant Science and Biodiversity Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, SK-845 23 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Katarína Jašková
- Institute of Botany, Plant Science and Biodiversity Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, SK-845 23 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Miroslava Luxová
- Institute of Botany, Plant Science and Biodiversity Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, SK-845 23 Bratislava, Slovakia
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Ma J, Zhang X, Wang L. Synergistic effects between [Si-hemicellulose matrix] ligands and Zn ions in inhibiting Cd ion uptake in rice (Oryza sativa) cells. Planta 2017; 245:965-976. [PMID: 28138761 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-017-2655-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Our study demonstrated that Zn alleviated Cd toxicity in the presence of Si in the cell walls by Zn 2+ binding to ligands through the formation of the [Si-hemicellulose matrix]Zn complexes that restrict the uptake of Cd. The plant cell wall exhibits preferential sites for the accumulation of metals at toxic concentrations. Through modification of wall polysaccharide components, elements, such as silicon (Si) and zinc (Zn), may play active roles in alleviating the toxicity of heavy metals, including cadmium (Cd). However, enhanced tolerance for Cd stress may rely on synergistic effects between nutrient elements. Here, we cultured Si-accumulating suspension cells of rice (Oryza sativa) exposed to Cd and Zn treatments, either separately or in combination, and investigated cells using noninvasive microtest technology (NMT), inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). We found that Zn alleviated Cd toxicity in the presence of Si in the cell walls by binding of Zn2+ to ligands through the formation of the [Si-hemicellulose matrix]Zn complexes and co-precipitates to greatly inhibit Cd2+ uptake into cells. This, in turn, induced the lower expression of Cd-related transporters. This synergistic effect could be decisive for the survival of cells under conditions of high Cd concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ma
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiuqing Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Lijun Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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Ma J, Sheng H, Li X, Wang L. iTRAQ-based proteomic analysis reveals the mechanisms of silicon-mediated cadmium tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa) cells. Plant Physiol Biochem 2016; 104:71-80. [PMID: 27017433 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Silicon (Si) can alleviate cadmium (Cd) stress in rice (Oryza sativa) plants, however, the understanding of the molecular mechanisms at the single-cell level remains limited. To address these questions, we investigated suspension cells of rice cultured in the dark environment in the absence and presence of Si with either short- (12 h) or long-term (5 d) Cd treatments using a combination of isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ), fluorescent staining, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS). We identified 100 proteins differentially regulated by Si under the short- or long-term Cd stress. 70% of these proteins were down-regulated, suggesting that Si may improve protein use efficiency by maintaining cells in the normal physiological status. Furthermore, we showed two different mechanisms for Si-mediated Cd tolerance. Under the short-term Cd stress, the Si-modified cell walls inhibited the uptake of Cd ions into cells and consequently reduced the expressions of glycosidase, cell surface non-specific lipid-transfer proteins (nsLTPs), and several stress-related proteins. Under the long-term Cd stress, the amount of Cd in the cytoplasm in Si-accumulating (+Si) cells was decreased by compartmentation of Cd into vacuoles, thus leading to a lower expression of glutathione S-transferases (GST). These results provide protein-level insights into the Si-mediated Cd detoxification in rice single cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ma
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Huachun Sheng
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiuli Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Lijun Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Vaculík M, Pavlovič A, Lux A. Silicon alleviates cadmium toxicity by enhanced photosynthetic rate and modified bundle sheath's cell chloroplasts ultrastructure in maize. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2015; 120:66-73. [PMID: 26036417 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Revised: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/16/2015] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Silicon was shown to alleviate the negative effects of various biotic and abiotic stresses on plant growth. Although the positive role of Si on toxic and heavy metal Cd has been already described, the mechanisms have been explained only partially and still remain unclear. In the present study we investigated the effect of Si on photosynthetic-related processes in maize exposed to two different levels of Cd via measurements of net photosynthetic rate (AN), chlorophyll a fluorescence and pigment analysis, as well as studies of leaf tissue anatomy and cell ultrastructure using bright-field and transmission electron microscopy. We found that Si actively alleviated the toxic syndromes of Cd by increasing AN, effective photochemical quantum yield of photosystem II (ϕPSII) and content of assimilation pigments, although did not decrease the concentration of Cd in leaf tissues. Cadmium did not affect the leaf anatomy and ultrastructure of leaf mesophyll's cell chloroplasts; however, Cd negatively affected thylakoid formation in chloroplasts of bundle sheath cells, and this was alleviated by Si. Improved thylakoid formation in bundle sheath's cell chloroplasts may contribute to Si-induced enhancement of photosynthesis and related increase in biomass production in C4 plant maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Vaculík
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina B2, SK-842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Andrej Pavlovič
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina B2, SK-842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia; Department of Biophysics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacký University in Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 11, CZ-783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Alexander Lux
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina B2, SK-842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
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