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Tonini de Araújo M, Ferrazzo ST, Consoli NC, da Rocha CG. Environmental, economic, and social impacts of sugar cane bagasse and eggshell wastes for soil stabilization. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2024; 31:15973-15985. [PMID: 38308782 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32299-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Sustainability is a core topic for all sectors including geotechnical engineering (e.g., design of foundations, earthworks structures, and pavements for major infrastructure and building projects). Despite being comprised of environmental, economic, and social pillars, most sustainability studies in this area have focused on the first. Furthermore, social impacts and the three pillars integration are little explored. As a result, there is a lack of systemic and holistic assessments of innovative geotechnical alternatives. This research advances in this area by performing a complete sustainability assessment and integration of the environmental, economic, and social pillars of two expansive soil stabilization alternatives: (i) sugar cane bagasse ash combined with hydrated eggshell lime alkali-activated by sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and (ii) Portland cement. Individual analyses were carried out to determine the environmental, economic, and social impacts, and the single sustainability index. Alkali-activated binder dosages showed higher impacts in 4 out of 10 environmental categories. For both binders, high-density/low-binder dosages contributed to environmental and economic sustainability as they require lower quantities of raw materials and diesel for materials transportation. The total costs of alkali-activated binder dosages ($189.79 and $154.45) were higher than that of Portland cement ($72.49 and $54.04), mainly due to the high cost of NaOH acquisition. However, the alkali-activated binder dosages implied lower carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and thus lower social cost of CO2. The alternative binder presented a higher positive social impact. The alkali-activated high-density/low binder dosage is the most sustainable soil stabilization strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Tonini de Araújo
- Graduate Program in Civil Engineering, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, 90035-190, Brazil
| | - Suéllen Tonatto Ferrazzo
- Graduate Program in Civil Engineering, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, 90035-190, Brazil
| | - Nilo Cesar Consoli
- Graduate Program in Civil Engineering, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, 90035-190, Brazil.
| | - Cecília Gravina da Rocha
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
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Mumtaz S, Abbas Y, Ahmad I, Hassan A, Saeed MF, Yun S, Almarhoon ZM, Shelkh M, Hassan AM, Rosaiah P, Suneetha M, Ahmad A. Sugarcane-bagasse-ash in enhanced mesophilic Co-digestion for biogas and nutrient recovery: A concept of developing rural circular bioeconomy. Environ Res 2023; 237:116691. [PMID: 37574097 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Conductive agro-industrial wastes as accelerants in the anaerobic digestion (AD) of organic waste is a good technique for developing a rural circular economy, such as producing bioenergy and biofertilizer. This study disclosed the a role of sugar cane bagasse ash (SCBA) in enhancing the bioenergy (biogas) yield and digestate fertility via anaerobic co-digestion (AcoD) of buffalo dung (BD) and vegetable residue (VR) under mesophilic conditions (37 ᴼC). Firstly, an optimal BD/VR ratio (1:3) was determined based on biogas yield by introducing five different BD/VR ratios (1:0, 3:1, 1:1, 1:3, and 0:1) into AcoD systems. Secondly, the biogas yield was increased further by adding SCBA at five different concentrations (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 wt%). Experimental results disclosed that the 1.5 wt% of SCBA gave the highest cumulative biogas yield (153.67 mL/g VS), COD removal rate (31.18%), and fertility (5.08%). Moreover, a framework is suggested to understand the role of SCBA in the enhanced DIET mechanism. This work documents an environmentally friendly and economical technique for developing a rural circular bioeconomy via the AD of organic agro-waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahid Mumtaz
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Punjab, 61100, Pakistan
| | - Yasir Abbas
- Functional Materials Laboratory (FML), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710055, China
| | - Iftikhar Ahmad
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Punjab, 61100, Pakistan.
| | - Ahmed Hassan
- Department of Architectural Engineering, College of Engineering, UAE University, United Arab Emirates
| | - Muhammad Farhan Saeed
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Punjab, 61100, Pakistan
| | - Sining Yun
- Functional Materials Laboratory (FML), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710055, China
| | - Zainab M Almarhoon
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Shelkh
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M Hassan
- Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Future University in Egypt, New Cairo, 11835, Egypt
| | - P Rosaiah
- Department of Physics, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Thandalam, Chennai, 602 105, India
| | - Maduru Suneetha
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, South Korea.
| | - Awais Ahmad
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Cordoba, Spain
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Cordeiro GC, Andreão PV, Tavares LM. Pozzolanic properties of ultrafine sugar cane bagasse ash produced by controlled burning. Heliyon 2019; 5:e02566. [PMID: 31667406 PMCID: PMC6812464 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper evaluated the feasibility of using residual sugar cane bagasse ash with a high carbon content (as-received SCBA) as raw material to produce a pozzolan after controlled recalcination and grinding. Initially, the as-received SCBA was re-burned using rotary (continuous) and muffle (batch) kilns, both at 600 °C for 1 h. Next, the resulting ash was ground in a closed-circuit ball mill with an air classifier system to obtain a product with 50% passing particle size of approximately 10 μm (SCBA600). SCBA600 was then characterized in terms of oxide composition, loss on ignition, density, specific surface area, and pozzolanic activity. A hydration study was carried out using isothermal calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis and mercury intrusion porosimetry. Additionally, the performance of SCBA600 in mortars was evaluated by axial compression tests. The combination of recalcination at 600 °C, low-energy ultrafine grinding of the material and classification resulted in pozzolanic SCBA. The results also showed that including SCBA600 in cement mortars reduced total accumulated heat and portlandite content in cement-based pastes, in addition to refining pore structure and significantly increasing compressive strength after 3 days of curing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Chagas Cordeiro
- Laboratory of Civil Engineering, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Pryscila Vinco Andreão
- Laboratory of Civil Engineering, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Luís Marcelo Tavares
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, COPPE/UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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