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Jimidar ISM, Kwiecinski W, Roozendaal G, Kooij ES, Gardeniers HJGE, Desmet G, Sotthewes K. Influence of Wettability and Geometry on Contact Electrification between Nonionic Insulators. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:42004-42014. [PMID: 37389550 PMCID: PMC10485807 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c05729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Contact electrification is an interfacial process in which two surfaces exchange electrical charges when they are in contact with one another. Consequently, the surfaces may gain opposite polarity, inducing an electrostatic attraction. Therefore, this principle can be exploited to generate electricity, which has been precisely done in triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) over the last decades. The details of the underlying mechanisms are still ill-understood, especially the influence of relative humidity (RH). Using the colloidal probe technique, we convincingly show that water plays an important role in the charge exchange process when two distinct insulators with different wettability are contacted and separated in <1 s at ambient conditions. The charging process is faster, and more charge is acquired with increasing relative humidity, also beyond RH = 40% (at which TENGs have their maximum power generation), due to the geometrical asymmetry (curved colloid surface vs planar substrate) introduced in the system. In addition, the charging time constant is determined, which is found to decrease with increasing relative humidity. Altogether, the current study adds to our understanding of how humidity levels affect the charging process between two solid surfaces, which is even enhanced up to RH = 90% as long as the curved surface is hydrophilic, paving the way for designing novel and more efficient TENGs, eco-energy harvesting devices which utilize water and solid charge interaction mechanism, self-powered sensors, and tribotronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignaas S. M. Jimidar
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Vrije Universiteit
Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Mesoscale
Chemical Systems, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology and Faculty of
Science and Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Wojciech Kwiecinski
- Physics
of Interfaces and Nanomaterials, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Gijs Roozendaal
- Physics
of Interfaces and Nanomaterials, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - E. Stefan Kooij
- Physics
of Interfaces and Nanomaterials, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Han J. G. E. Gardeniers
- Mesoscale
Chemical Systems, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology and Faculty of
Science and Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Gert Desmet
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Vrije Universiteit
Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Kai Sotthewes
- Physics
of Interfaces and Nanomaterials, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
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Lei X, Li H, Han Y, Li J, Yu F, Liang Q. Modulus characterization of cells with submicron colloidal probes by atomic force microscope. Microsc Res Tech 2021; 85:882-891. [PMID: 34708461 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Colloidal probes have been increasingly demanded for the characterization of cellular modulus in atomic force microscope because of their well-defined geometry and large contact area with cell. In this work, submicron colloidal probes are prepared by scanning electron microscope/focused ion beam and compared with sharp tip and micron colloidal probe, in conjunction with loading velocity and indentation depth on the apparent elastic modulus. NIM and cartilage cells are used as specimens. The results show that modulus value measured by sharp tip changes significantly with loading velocity while remains almost stable by colloidal probes. Also, submicron colloidal probe is superior in characterizing the modulus with increasing indentation depth, which could help reveal the mechanical details of cellular membrane and the modulus of the whole cell. To test the submicron colloidal probe further, the modulus distribution map of cell is scanned with submicron colloidal probe of 50 nm radius during small and large indentation depths with high spatial resolution. The outcome of this work will provide the effective submicron colloidal probe according to the effect of loading velocity and indentation depth, characterizing the mechanical properties of the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojiao Lei
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huiqin Li
- Instrumental Analysis Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao Han
- Instrumental Analysis Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinjin Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fan Yu
- Instrumental Analysis Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Liang
- School of Astronomy and Physics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Mark A, Helfricht N, Rauh A, Karg M, Papastavrou G. The Next Generation of Colloidal Probes: A Universal Approach for Soft and Ultra-Small Particles. Small 2019; 15:e1902976. [PMID: 31544313 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201902976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The colloidal probe technique, which is based on the atomic force microscope, revolutionizes direct force measurements in many fields, such as interface science or biomechanics. It allows for the first time to determine interaction forces on the single particle or cell level. However, for many applications, important "blind spots" remain, namely, the possibility to probe interaction potentials for nanoparticles or complex colloids with a soft outer shell. Definitely, these are colloidal systems that are currently of major industrial importance and interest from theory. The here-presented novel approach allows for overcome the aforementioned limitations. Its applicability has been demonstrated for 300 nm sized carboxylate-modified latex particles as well as sub-micron core-shell particles with a soft poly-N-isopropylacrylamide hydrogel shell and a rigid silica core. For the latter, which until now cannot be studied by the colloidal probe technique, determined is the temperature dependency of electrosteric and adhesion forces has been determined on the single particle level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Mark
- Physical Chemistry II, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Nicolas Helfricht
- Physical Chemistry II, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
- Bavarian Polymer Institute, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Astrid Rauh
- Department of Physical Chemistry I, Heinrich-Heine-University, Universitätsstr. 1, 40204, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Matthias Karg
- Department of Physical Chemistry I, Heinrich-Heine-University, Universitätsstr. 1, 40204, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Georg Papastavrou
- Physical Chemistry II, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
- Bavarian Polymer Institute, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
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Hirai Y, Okuda N, Saito N, Ogawa T, Machida R, Nomura S, Ôhara M, Haseyama M, Shimomura M. The Friction Properties of Firebrat Scales. Biomimetics (Basel) 2019; 4:E2. [PMID: 31105188 PMCID: PMC6477615 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics4010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Friction is an important subject for sustainability due to problems that are associated with energy loss. In recent years, micro- and nanostructured surfaces have attracted much attention to reduce friction; however, suitable structures are still under consideration. Many functional surfaces are present in nature, such as the friction reduction surfaces of snake skins. In this study, we focused on firebrats, Thermobia domestica, which temporary live in narrow spaces, such as piled papers, so their body surface (integument) is frequently in contact with surrounding substrates. We speculate that, in addition to optical, cleaning effects, protection against desiccation and enemies, their body surface may be also adapted to reduce friction. To investigate the functional effects of the firebrat scales, firebrat surfaces were observed using a field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) and a colloidal probe atomic force microscope (AFM). Results of surface observations by FE-SEM revealed that adult firebrats are entirely covered with scales, whose surfaces have microgroove structures. Scale groove wavelengths around the firebrat's head are almost uniform within a scale but they vary between scales. At the level of single scales, AFM friction force measurements revealed that the firebrat scale reduces friction by decreasing the contact area between scales and a colloidal probe. The heterogeneity of the scales' groove wavelengths suggests that it is difficult to fix the whole body on critical rough surfaces and may result in a "fail-safe" mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Hirai
- Chitose Institute of Science and Technology, Bibi758-65, Chitose 066-8655, Hokkaido, Japan.
| | - Naoto Okuda
- Chitose Institute of Science and Technology, Bibi758-65, Chitose 066-8655, Hokkaido, Japan.
| | - Naoki Saito
- Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, N-14, W-9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0814, Hokkaido, Japan.
| | - Takahiro Ogawa
- Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, N-14, W-9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0814, Hokkaido, Japan.
| | - Ryuichiro Machida
- Sugadaira Research Station, Mountain Science Center, University of Tsukuba, Sugadaira Kogen, Ueda 386-2204, Nagano, Japan.
| | - Shûhei Nomura
- Department of Zoology, National Museum of Nature and Science Amakubo 4-1-1, Tsukuba 305-0005, Ibaraki, Japan.
| | - Masahiro Ôhara
- The Hokkaido University Museum, N 10, W8, Sapporo 060-0810, Hokkaido, Japan.
| | - Miki Haseyama
- Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, N-14, W-9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0814, Hokkaido, Japan.
| | - Masatsugu Shimomura
- Chitose Institute of Science and Technology, Bibi758-65, Chitose 066-8655, Hokkaido, Japan.
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Füllbrandt M, Kesal D, von Klitzing R. Multiscaling Approach for Non-Destructive Adhesion Studies of Metal/Polymer Composites. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2015; 7:16247-16256. [PMID: 26156573 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b01949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The adhesion of polyamide 6 (PA6) and polyethylene (PE) toward an aluminum alloy (Al-A) and a dual phase steel (DPS) is studied by contact angle (CA) measurements and atomic force microscopy (AFM). With the combination of the two methods the adhesion properties on a macro- and (sub)microscopic scale can be determined in a nondestructive way. The work of adhesion per area (Wad) of the studied metal/polymer hybrids qualitatively scales the same on both length scales, that is, Al-A/PA6 > DPS/PA6 > Al-A/PE, DPS/PE. The polymer dominates the adhesion. The lower adhesion for PE toward the metal surfaces is explained by dominating van der Waals attraction forces, whereas adhesion for PA6 can also be attributed to attractive polar forces such as hydrogen bonding. For metal/PA6, Wad on a macro- and microscopic length scale is similar. For metal/PE, a discrepancy is measured with lower adhesion values on the microscopic scale than on the macroscopic scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marieke Füllbrandt
- Technische Universität Berlin, Stranski-Laboratorium, Str. des 17.Juni 124, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dikran Kesal
- Technische Universität Berlin, Stranski-Laboratorium, Str. des 17.Juni 124, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Regine von Klitzing
- Technische Universität Berlin, Stranski-Laboratorium, Str. des 17.Juni 124, 10623 Berlin, Germany
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D'Sa D, Chan HK, Kim HW, Chrzanowski W. Quantitative and qualitative examination of particle-particle interactions using colloidal probe nanoscopy. J Vis Exp 2014:51874. [PMID: 25080136 PMCID: PMC4219633 DOI: 10.3791/51874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Colloidal Probe Nanoscopy (CPN), the study of the nano-scale interactive forces between a specifically prepared colloidal probe and any chosen substrate using the Atomic Force Microscope (AFM), can provide key insights into physical interactions present within colloidal systems. Colloidal systems are widely existent in several applications including, pharmaceuticals, foods, paints, paper, soil and minerals, detergents, printing and much more.1-3 Furthermore, colloids can exist in many states such as emulsions, foams and suspensions. Using colloidal probe nanoscopy one can obtain key information on the adhesive properties, binding energies and even gain insight into the physical stability and coagulation kinetics of the colloids present within. Additionally, colloidal probe nanoscopy can be used with biological cells to aid in drug discovery and formulation development. In this paper we describe a method for conducting colloidal probe nanoscopy, discuss key factors that are important to consider during the measurement, and show that both quantitative and qualitative data that can be obtained from such measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hae-Won Kim
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University
| | - Wojciech Chrzanowski
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney; Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University;
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