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Weik L, Fehring L, Mortsiefer A, Meister S. Big 5 Personality Traits and Individual- and Practice-Related Characteristics as Influencing Factors of Digital Maturity in General Practices: Quantitative Web-Based Survey Study. J Med Internet Res 2024; 26:e52085. [PMID: 38252468 PMCID: PMC10845021 DOI: 10.2196/52085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various studies propose the significance of digital maturity in ensuring effective patient care and enabling improved health outcomes, a successful digital transformation, and optimized service delivery. Although previous research has centered around inpatient health care settings, research on digital maturity in general practices is still in its infancy. OBJECTIVE As general practitioners (GPs) are the first point of contact for most patients, we aimed to shed light on the pivotal role of GPs' inherent characteristics, especially their personality, in the digital maturity of general practices. METHODS In the first step, we applied a sequential mixed methods approach involving a literature review and expert interviews with GPs to construct the digital maturity scale used in this study. Next, we designed a web-based survey to assess digital maturity on a 5-point Likert-type scale and analyze the relationship with relevant inherent characteristics using ANOVAs and regression analysis. RESULTS Our web-based survey with 219 GPs revealed that digital maturity was overall moderate (mean 3.31, SD 0.64) and substantially associated with several characteristics inherent to the GP. We found differences in overall digital maturity based on GPs' gender, the expected future use of digital health solutions, the perceived digital affinity of medical assistants, GPs' level of digital affinity, and GPs' level of extraversion and neuroticism. In a regression model, a higher expected future use, a higher perceived digital affinity of medical assistants, a higher digital affinity of GPs, and lower neuroticism were substantial predictors of overall digital maturity. CONCLUSIONS Our study highlights the impact of GPs' inherent characteristics, especially their personality, on the digital maturity of general practices. By identifying these inherent influencing factors, our findings support targeted approaches to drive digital maturity in general practice settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Weik
- Health Care Informatics, Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Leonard Fehring
- Helios University Hospital Wuppertal, Department of Gastroenterology, Witten/Herdecke University, Wuppertal, Germany
- Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Achim Mortsiefer
- General Practice II and Patient-Centredness in Primary Care, Institute of General Practice and Primary Care, Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Sven Meister
- Health Care Informatics, Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
- Department Healthcare, Fraunhofer Institute for Software and Systems Engineering ISST, Dortmund, Germany
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Woods L, Dendere R, Eden R, Grantham B, Krivit J, Pearce A, McNeil K, Green D, Sullivan C. Perceived Impact of Digital Health Maturity on Patient Experience, Population Health, Health Care Costs, and Provider Experience: Mixed Methods Case Study. J Med Internet Res 2023; 25:e45868. [PMID: 37463008 PMCID: PMC10394505 DOI: 10.2196/45868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health care organizations understand the importance of new technology implementations; however, the best strategy for implementing successful digital transformations is often unclear. Digital health maturity assessments allow providers to understand the progress made toward technology-enhanced health service delivery. Existing models have been criticized for their lack of depth and breadth because of their technology focus and neglect of meaningful outcomes. OBJECTIVE We aimed to examine the perceived impacts of digital health reported by health care staff employed in health care organizations across a spectrum of digital health maturity. METHODS A mixed methods case study was conducted. The digital health maturity of public health care systems (n=16) in Queensland, Australia, was examined using the quantitative Digital Health Indicator (DHI) self-assessment survey. The lower and upper quartiles of DHI scores were calculated and used to stratify sites into 3 groups. Using qualitative methods, health care staff (n=154) participated in interviews and focus groups. Transcripts were analyzed assisted by automated text-mining software. Impacts were grouped according to the digital maturity of the health care worker's facility and mapped to the quadruple aims of health care: improved patient experience, improved population health, reduced health care cost, and enhanced provider experience. RESULTS DHI scores ranged between 78 and 193 for the 16 health care systems. Health care systems in the high-maturity category (n=4, 25%) had a DHI score of ≥166.75 (the upper quartile); low-maturity sites (n=4, 25%) had a DHI score of ≤116.75 (the lower quartile); and intermediate-maturity sites (n=8, 50%) had a DHI score ranging from 116.75 to 166.75 (IQR). Overall, 18 perceived impacts were identified. Generally, a greater number of positive impacts were reported in health care systems of higher digital health maturity. For patient experiences, higher maturity was associated with maintaining a patient health record and tracking patient experience data, while telehealth enabled access and flexibility across all digital health maturity categories. For population health, patient journey tracking and clinical risk mitigation were reported as positive impacts at higher-maturity sites, and telehealth enabled health care access and efficiencies across all maturity categories. Limited interoperability and organizational factors (eg, strategy, policy, and vision) were universally negative impacts affecting health service delivery. For health care costs, the resource burden of ongoing investments in digital health and a sustainable skilled workforce was reported. For provider experiences, the negative impacts of poor usability and change fatigue were universal, while network and infrastructure issues were negative impacts at low-maturity sites. CONCLUSIONS This is one of the first studies to show differences in the perceived impacts of digital maturity of health care systems at scale. Higher digital health maturity was associated with more positive reported impacts, most notably in achieving outcomes for the population health aim.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leanna Woods
- Centre for Health Services Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, Australia
- Queensland Digital Health Centre, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, Australia
- Digital Health Cooperative Research Centre, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ronald Dendere
- Centre for Health Services Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, Australia
| | - Rebekah Eden
- UQ Business School, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Brittany Grantham
- Centre for Health Services Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, Australia
| | - Jenna Krivit
- Centre for Health Services Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, Australia
- Queensland Digital Health Centre, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, Australia
| | - Andrew Pearce
- Healthcare Information and Management Systems Society, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Keith McNeil
- Queensland Digital Health Centre, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, Australia
| | | | - Clair Sullivan
- Centre for Health Services Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, Australia
- Queensland Digital Health Centre, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, Australia
- Metro North Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Australia
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Neunaber T, Meister S. Digital Maturity and Its Measurement of General Practitioners: A Scoping Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:4377. [PMID: 36901387 PMCID: PMC10001864 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The work of general practitioners (GPs) is increasingly characterized by digitalization. Their progress in digitalization can be described by the concept of digital maturity and measured using maturity models. The aim of this scoping review is to provide an overview of the state of research on digital maturity and its measurement in primary care, specifically for GPs. The scoping review was conducted according to Arksey and O'Malley, considering the reporting scheme for PRISMA-ScR. For the literature search, we used PubMed and Google Scholar as the main sources of information. A total of 24 international, mostly Anglo-American studies, were identified. The understanding of digital maturity varied widely. In most studies, it was understood in a highly technical way and associated with the adoption of electronic medical records. More recent, but mostly unpublished, studies have attempted to capture overall digital maturity. So far, the understanding of digital maturity of GPs is still very diffuse-the research literature is still in its infancy. Future research should therefore aim to explore the dimensions of digital maturity of GPs to be able to develop a consistent and validated model for measuring digital maturity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo Neunaber
- Health Informatics, Faculty of Health/School of Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, 58455 Witten, Germany
| | - Sven Meister
- Health Informatics, Faculty of Health/School of Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, 58455 Witten, Germany
- Department Healthcare, Fraunhofer Institute for Software and Systems Engineering, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
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Liaw ST, Godinho MA. Digital health and capability maturity models-a critical thematic review and conceptual synthesis of the literature. J Am Med Inform Assoc 2023; 30:393-406. [PMID: 36451257 PMCID: PMC9846694 DOI: 10.1093/jamia/ocac228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A literature review of capability maturity models (MMs) to inform the conceptualization, development, implementation, evaluation, and mainstreaming of MMs in digital health (DH). METHODS Electronic databases were searched using "digital health," "maturity models," and related terms based on the Digital Health Profile and Maturity Assessment Toolkit Maturity Model (DHPMAT-MM). Covidence was used to screen, identify, capture, and achieve consensus on data extracted by the authors. Descriptive statistics were generated. A thematic analysis and conceptual synthesis were conducted. FINDINGS Diverse domain-specific MMs and model development, implementation, and evaluation methods were found. The spread and pattern of different MMs verified the essential DH foundations and five maturity stages of the DHPMAT-MM. An unanticipated finding was the existence of a new category of community-facing MMs. Common characteristics included:1. A dynamic lifecycle approach to digital capability maturity, which is:a. responsive to environmental changes and may improve or worsen over time;b. accumulative, incorporating the attributes of the preceding stage; andc. sequential, where no maturity stage must be skipped.2. Sociotechnical quality improvement of the DH ecosystem and MM, which includes:a. investing in the organization's human, hardware, and software resources andb. a need to engage and improve the DH competencies of citizens. CONCLUSIONS The diversity in MMs and variability in methods and content can create cognitive dissonance. A metamodel like the DHPMAT-MM can logically unify the many domain-specific MMs and guide the overall implementation and evaluation of DH ecosystems and MMs over the maturity lifecycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siaw-Teng Liaw
- WHO Collaborating Centre for eHealth (AUS-135), School of Population Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Myron Anthony Godinho
- WHO Collaborating Centre for eHealth (AUS-135), School of Population Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Teixeira F, Li E, Laranjo L, Collins C, Irving G, Fernandez MJ, Car J, Ungan M, Petek D, Hoffman R, Majeed A, Nessler K, Lingner H, Jimenez G, Darzi A, Jácome C, Neves AL. Digital maturity and its determinants in General Practice: A cross-sectional study in 20 countries. Front Public Health 2023; 10:962924. [PMID: 36711349 PMCID: PMC9880412 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.962924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The extent to which digital technologies are employed to promote the delivery of high-quality healthcare is known as Digital Maturity. Individual and systemic digital maturity are both necessary to ensure a successful, scalable and sustainable digital transformation in healthcare. However, digital maturity in primary care has been scarcely evaluated. Objectives This study assessed the digital maturity in General Practice (GP) globally and evaluated its association with participants' demographic characteristics, practice characteristics and features of Electronic Health Records (EHRs) use. Methods GPs across 20 countries completed an online questionnaire between June and September 2020. Demographic data, practice characteristics, and features of EHRs use were collected. Digital maturity was evaluated through a framework based on usage, resources and abilities (divided in this study in its collective and individual components), interoperability, general evaluation methods and impact of digital technologies. Each dimension was rated as 1 or 0. The digital maturity score was calculated as the sum of the six dimensions and ranged between 0 to 6 (maximum digital maturity). Multivariable linear regression was used to model the total score, while multivariable logistic regression was used to model the probability of meeting each dimension of the score. Results One thousand six hundred GPs (61% female, 68% Europeans) participated. GPs had a median digital maturity of 4 (P25-P75: 3-5). Positive associations with digital maturity were found with: male gender [B = 0.18 (95% CI 0.01; 0.36)], use of EHRs for longer periods [B = 0.45 (95% CI 0.35; 0.54)] and higher frequencies of access to EHRs [B = 0.33 (95% CI 0.17; 0.48)]. Practicing in a rural setting was negatively associated with digital maturity [B = -0.25 (95%CI -0.43; -0.08)]. Usage (90%) was the most acknowledged dimension while interoperability (47%) and use of best practice general evaluation methods (28%) were the least. Shorter durations of EHRs use were negatively associated with all digital maturity dimensions (aOR from 0.09 to 0.77). Conclusion Our study demonstrated notable factors that impact digital maturity and exposed discrepancies in digital transformation across healthcare settings. It provides guidance for policymakers to develop more efficacious interventions to hasten the digital transformation of General Practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fábia Teixeira
- Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Edmond Li
- Institute of Global Health Innovation, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Liliana Laranjo
- Westmead Applied Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia,Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Greg Irving
- Health Research Institute, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Jose Fernandez
- Galicia South Health Research Institute, Vigo, Spain,Leiro Health Center, Leiro, Spain
| | - Josip Car
- Center for Population Health Sciences, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore,Department of Primary Care and Public Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mehmet Ungan
- Department of Family Medicine, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Davorina Petek
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Robert Hoffman
- Department of Family Medicine, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Azeem Majeed
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Katarzyna Nessler
- Department of Family Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Heidrun Lingner
- Center for Public Health and Healthcare, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany,BREATH Hannover, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Geronimo Jimenez
- Center for Population Health Sciences, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore,Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Ara Darzi
- Institute of Global Health Innovation, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Cristina Jácome
- CINTESIS@RISE, MEDCIDS, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Luísa Neves
- Institute of Global Health Innovation, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom,Department of Primary Care and Public Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom,CINTESIS@RISE, MEDCIDS, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal,*Correspondence: Ana Luísa Neves ✉
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Woods L, Eden R, Duncan R, Kodiyattu Z, Macklin S, Sullivan C. Which one? A suggested approach for evaluating digital health maturity models. Front Digit Health 2022; 4:1045685. [PMID: 36506845 PMCID: PMC9731136 DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2022.1045685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Digital health maturity models allow healthcare organizations to evaluate digital health capability and to develop roadmaps for improving patient care through technology. There are many models available commercially for healthcare providers to use to assess their digital health maturity. Currently, there are limited evidence-based methods to assess the quality, utility, and efficacy of maturity models to select the most appropriate model for the given context. Objective To develop a framework to assess digital maturity models and facilitate recommendations for digital maturity model selection. Methods A systematic, consultative, and iterative process was used. Literature analyses and a stakeholder needs analysis (n = 23) was conducted to develop content and design considerations. These considerations were incorporated into the initial version of the framework developed by researchers in a design workshop. External stakeholder review (n = 20) and improvements strengthened and finalized the framework. Results The criteria of the framework include assessment of healthcare context, feasibility, integrity, completeness and actionability. Users can compare model performance in order to select the most appropriate model for their context. Conclusion The framework provides healthcare stakeholders with a consistent and objective methodology to compare digital health maturity models, informing approaches to choosing a suitable model. This is a critical step as healthcare evolves towards a digital health system focused on improving the quality of care, reducing costs and improving the provider and consumer experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leanna Woods
- Centre for Health Services Research, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia,Queensland Digital Health Centre, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia,Correspondence: Leanna Woods
| | - Rebekah Eden
- School of Information Systems, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Rhona Duncan
- School of Information Systems, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Zack Kodiyattu
- Centre for Health Services Research, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Sophie Macklin
- Centre for Health Services Research, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Clair Sullivan
- Centre for Health Services Research, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia,Queensland Digital Health Centre, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia,Digital Metro North, Metro North Hospital and Health Service, Herston, QLD, Australia
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Burmann A, Fischer B, Brinkkötter N, Meister S. Managing Directors' Perspectives on Digital Maturity in German Hospitals-A Multi-Point Online-Based Survey Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:9709. [PMID: 35955066 PMCID: PMC9367707 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The digitalization and integration of data are increasingly relevant for hospitals. Several methods exist to assess and structurally develop digital maturity. However, it is notable that German hospitals lag behind the European average with respect to digitalization. OBJECTIVE We hypothesized that: (a) the perspective of hospital managing directors regarding the state of digitalization in German hospitals plays an important role in the investigation of barriers, and (b) the Hospital Future Act in 2020 may help to surmount those barriers. METHODS Aligned with the Checklist for Reporting Results of Internet E-Surveys (CHERRIES), two online surveys were conducted, one in 2019 and one in 2021. RESULTS The first study covered 184/344 hospitals and the second, 83/344. The responsibility for deciding on the implementation of digitalization lay with the management (115/184; 62.5%). About 54.9% (101/184) of the managing directors desired digitally supported workflows, together with employees or users. In total, 74.7% (62/83) of hospital managing directors expressed an increase in digitization compared to 2019, with a percentage increase of 25.4% (SD 14.41). In some cases, we analyzed the data using an ANOVA, chi-squared test and Pearson's correlation, but there was no significant relation identified among the variables. CONCLUSIONS This online-based survey study demonstrated that the development of a digitalization strategy is still strongly tied to or dominated by the attitude of the management. One could assume a lack of acceptance among employees, which should be surveyed in future research. The Hospital Future Act, as well as the COVID-19 pandemic, has positively influenced the digital maturity of hospitals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Burmann
- Chair of Health Informatics, Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, 58455 Witten, Germany or
- Department Healthcare, Fraunhofer Institute for Software and Systems Engineering, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Burkhard Fischer
- Krankenhausgesellschaft Nordrhein-Westfalen e. V, 40237 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nico Brinkkötter
- Krankenhausgesellschaft Nordrhein-Westfalen e. V, 40237 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sven Meister
- Chair of Health Informatics, Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, 58455 Witten, Germany or
- Department Healthcare, Fraunhofer Institute for Software and Systems Engineering, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
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Duncan R, Eden R, Woods L, Wong I, Sullivan C. Synthesizing Dimensions of Digital Maturity in Hospitals: Systematic Review. J Med Internet Res 2022; 24:e32994. [PMID: 35353050 PMCID: PMC9008527 DOI: 10.2196/32994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Digital health in hospital settings is viewed as a panacea for achieving the “quadruple aim” of health care, yet the outcomes have been largely inconclusive. To optimize digital health outcomes, a strategic approach is necessary, requiring digital maturity assessments. However, current approaches to assessing digital maturity have been largely insufficient, with uncertainty surrounding the dimensions to assess. Objective The aim of this study was to identify the current dimensions used to assess the digital maturity of hospitals. Methods A systematic literature review was conducted of peer-reviewed literature (published before December 2020) investigating maturity models used to assess the digital maturity of hospitals. A total of 29 relevant articles were retrieved, representing 27 distinct maturity models. The articles were inductively analyzed, and the maturity model dimensions were extracted and consolidated into a maturity model framework. Results The consolidated maturity model framework consisted of 7 dimensions: strategy; information technology capability; interoperability; governance and management; patient-centered care; people, skills, and behavior; and data analytics. These 7 dimensions can be evaluated based on 24 respective indicators. Conclusions The maturity model framework developed for this study can be used to assess digital maturity and identify areas for improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhona Duncan
- School of Information Systems, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Rebekah Eden
- School of Information Systems, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Leanna Woods
- Centre for Health Services Research, The University of Queensland, Herston, Australia.,Digital Health Cooperative Research Centre, Australian Government, Sydney, Australia.,Digital Health Research Network, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Ides Wong
- Clinical Excellence Queensland, Queensland Health, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Clair Sullivan
- Centre for Health Services Research, The University of Queensland, Herston, Australia.,Digital Health Research Network, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Metro North Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Australia
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9
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Rocha-Jácome C, Carvajal RG, Chavero FM, Guevara-Cabezas E, Hidalgo Fort E. Industry 4.0: A Proposal of Paradigm Organization Schemes from a Systematic Literature Review. Sensors (Basel) 2021; 22:66. [PMID: 35009609 PMCID: PMC8747394 DOI: 10.3390/s22010066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Currently, the concept of Industry 4.0 is well known; however, it is extremely complex, as it is constantly evolving and innovating. It includes the participation of many disciplines and areas of knowledge as well as the integration of many technologies, both mature and emerging, but working in collaboration and relying on their study and implementation under the novel criteria of Cyber-Physical Systems. This study starts with an exhaustive search for updated scientific information of which a bibliometric analysis is carried out with results presented in different tables and graphs. Subsequently, based on the qualitative analysis of the references, we present two proposals for the schematic analysis of Industry 4.0 that will help academia and companies to support digital transformation studies. The results will allow us to perform a simple alternative analysis of Industry 4.0 to understand the functions and scope of the integrating technologies to achieve a better collaboration of each area of knowledge and each professional, considering the potential and limitations of each one, supporting the planning of an appropriate strategy, especially in the management of human resources, for the successful execution of the digital transformation of the industry.
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10
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Aramburu N, North K, Zubillaga A, Salmador MP. A Digital Capabilities Dataset From Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprises in the Basque Country (Spain). Front Psychol 2021; 11:587949. [PMID: 33584423 PMCID: PMC7875880 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.587949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nekane Aramburu
- Deusto Business School, University of Deusto, San Sebastián-Bilbao, Spain
| | - Klaus North
- Wiesbaden Business School, Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - Agustín Zubillaga
- Orkestra-Basque Institute of Competitiveness & University of Deusto, San Sebastián-Bilbao, Spain
| | - María Paz Salmador
- Department of Business Organization, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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11
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Krasuska M, Williams R, Sheikh A, Franklin BD, Heeney C, Lane W, Mozaffar H, Mason K, Eason S, Hinder S, Dunscombe R, Potts HWW, Cresswell K. Technological Capabilities to Assess Digital Excellence in Hospitals in High Performing Health Care Systems: International eDelphi Exercise. J Med Internet Res 2020; 22:e17022. [PMID: 32808938 PMCID: PMC7463397 DOI: 10.2196/17022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hospitals worldwide are developing ambitious digital transformation programs as part of broader efforts to create digitally advanced health care systems. However, there is as yet no consensus on how best to characterize and assess digital excellence in hospitals. OBJECTIVE Our aim was to develop an international agreement on a defined set of technological capabilities to assess digital excellence in hospitals. METHODS We conducted a two-stage international modified electronic Delphi (eDelphi) consensus-building exercise, which included a qualitative analysis of free-text responses. In total, 31 international health informatics experts participated, representing clinical, academic, public, and vendor organizations. RESULTS We identified 35 technological capabilities that indicate digital excellence in hospitals. These are divided into two categories: (a) capabilities within a hospital (n=20) and (b) capabilities enabling communication with other parts of the health and social care system, and with patients and carers (n=15). The analysis of free-text responses pointed to the importance of nontechnological aspects of digitally enabled change, including social and organizational factors. Examples included an institutional culture characterized by a willingness to transform established ways of working and openness to risk-taking. The availability of a range of skills within digitization teams, including technological, project management and business expertise, and availability of resources to support hospital staff, were also highlighted. CONCLUSIONS We have identified a set of criteria for assessing digital excellence in hospitals. Our findings highlight the need to broaden the focus from technical functionalities to wider digital transformation capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Krasuska
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Robin Williams
- Institute for the Study of Science, Technology and Innovation, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Aziz Sheikh
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Bryony Dean Franklin
- UCL School of Pharmacy, London, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research Imperial Patient Safety Translational Research Centre, London, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine Heeney
- Institute for the Study of Science, Technology and Innovation, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Wendy Lane
- National Health Services Arden and Greater East Midlands Commissioning Support Unit, Warwick, United Kingdom
| | - Hajar Mozaffar
- Business School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Kathy Mason
- National Health Services Arden and Greater East Midlands Commissioning Support Unit, Warwick, United Kingdom
| | - Sally Eason
- National Health Services Arden and Greater East Midlands Commissioning Support Unit, Warwick, United Kingdom
| | - Susan Hinder
- Institute for the Study of Science, Technology and Innovation, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel Dunscombe
- Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
- KLAS Research's Arch Collaborative, London, United Kingdom
| | - Henry W W Potts
- Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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12
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Khanbhai M, Flott K, Darzi A, Mayer E. Evaluating Digital Maturity and Patient Acceptability of Real-Time Patient Experience Feedback Systems: Systematic Review. J Med Internet Res 2019; 21:e9076. [PMID: 31344680 PMCID: PMC6682271 DOI: 10.2196/jmir.9076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background One of the essential elements of a strategic approach to improving patients’ experience is to measure and report on patients’ experiences in real time. Real-time feedback (RTF) is increasingly being collected using digital technology; however, there are several factors that may influence the success of the digital system. Objective The aim of this review was to evaluate the digital maturity and patient acceptability of real-time patient experience feedback systems. Methods We systematically searched the following databases to identify papers that used digital systems to collect RTF: The Cochrane Library, Global Health, Health Management Information Consortium, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and CINAHL. In addition, Google Scholar and gray literature were utilized. Studies were assessed on their digital maturity using a Digital Maturity Framework on the basis of the following 4 domains: capacity/resource, usage, interoperability, and impact. A total score of 4 indicated the highest level of digital maturity. Results RTF was collected primarily using touchscreens, tablets, and Web-based platforms. Implementation of digital systems showed acceptable response rates and generally positive views from patients and staff. Patient demographics according to RTF responses varied. An overrepresentation existed in females with a white predominance and in patients aged ≥65 years. Of 13 eligible studies, none had digital systems that were deemed to be of the highest level of maturity. Three studies received a score of 3, 2, and 1, respectively. Four studies scored 0 points. While 7 studies demonstrated capacity/resource, 8 demonstrated impact. None of the studies demonstrated interoperability in their digital systems. Conclusions Patients and staff alike are willing to engage in RTF delivered using digital technology, thereby disrupting previous paper-based feedback. However, a lack of emphasis on digital maturity may lead to ineffective RTF, thwarting improvement efforts. Therefore, given the potential benefits of RTF, health care services should ensure that their digital systems deliver across the digital maturity continuum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Khanbhai
- Centre for Health Policy, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kelsey Flott
- Centre for Health Policy, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ara Darzi
- Centre for Health Policy, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Erik Mayer
- Centre for Health Policy, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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Flott K, Callahan R, Darzi A, Mayer E. A Patient-Centered Framework for Evaluating Digital Maturity of Health Services: A Systematic Review. J Med Internet Res 2016; 18:e75. [PMID: 27080852 PMCID: PMC4850277 DOI: 10.2196/jmir.5047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Revised: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Digital maturity is the extent to which digital technologies are used as enablers to deliver a high-quality health service. Extensive literature exists about how to assess the components of digital maturity, but it has not been used to design a comprehensive framework for evaluation. Consequently, the measurement systems that do exist are limited to evaluating digital programs within one service or care setting, meaning that digital maturity evaluation is not accounting for the needs of patients across their care pathways. Objective The objective of our study was to identify the best methods and metrics for evaluating digital maturity and to create a novel, evidence-based tool for evaluating digital maturity across patient care pathways. Methods We systematically reviewed the literature to find the best methods and metrics for evaluating digital maturity. We searched the PubMed database for all papers relevant to digital maturity evaluation. Papers were selected if they provided insight into how to appraise digital systems within the health service and if they indicated the factors that constitute or facilitate digital maturity. Papers were analyzed to identify methodology for evaluating digital maturity and indicators of digitally mature systems. We then used the resulting information about methodology to design an evaluation framework. Following that, the indicators of digital maturity were extracted and grouped into increasing levels of maturity and operationalized as metrics within the evaluation framework. Results We identified 28 papers as relevant to evaluating digital maturity, from which we derived 5 themes. The first theme concerned general evaluation methodology for constructing the framework (7 papers). The following 4 themes were the increasing levels of digital maturity: resources and ability (6 papers), usage (7 papers), interoperability (3 papers), and impact (5 papers). The framework includes metrics for each of these levels at each stage of the typical patient care pathway. Conclusions The framework uses a patient-centric model that departs from traditional service-specific measurements and allows for novel insights into how digital programs benefit patients across the health system. Trial Registration N/A
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey Flott
- Centre for Health Policy, Institute of Global Health Innovation, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
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