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Jabbar KQ, Barzinjy AA. Biosynthesis and antibacterial activity of ZnO nanoparticles using Buchanania obovatafruit extract and the eutectic-based ionic liquid. Nanotechnology 2024; 35:265601. [PMID: 38527365 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad375e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
The fruit extract ofBuchanania obovataand the eutectic-based ionic liquid were utilized, in an eco-friendly, inexpensive, simple method, for synthesizing zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs). The influence of the reducing, capping and stabilizing agents, in both mediums, on the structure, optical, and morphological properties of ZnO NPs was extensively investigated. The surface plasmon resonance peaks were observed at 340 nm and 320 nm for the fruit-based and the eutectic-based ionic liquid mediums, respectively, indicating the formation of ZnO NPs. XRD results confirmed the wurtzite structure of the ZnO NPs, exhibiting hexagonal phases in the diffraction patterns. The SEM and TEM images display that the biosynthesized ZnO NPs exhibit crystalline and hexagonal shape, with an average size of 40 nm for the fruit-based and 25 nm for the eutectic-based ionic liquid. The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis, revealed a value ∼13 m2g-1for ZnO NPs synthesized using the fruit extract and ∼29 m2g-1for those synthesized using the eutectic-based ionic liquid. The antibacterial activity of the biosynthesized ZnO NPs was assessed against clinically isolated Gram-negative (E. coli) and Gram-positive (S. aureus) bacterial strains using the inhibition zone method. The ZnO NPs produced from the eutectic-based ionic liquids confirmed superior antibacterial activity against bothS. aureusandE. colicompared to those mediated by the utilized fruit extract. At a concentration of 1000, the eutectic-based ionic liquid mediated ZnO NPs displayed a maximum inhibition zone of 16 mm againstS. aureus, while againstE. coli, a maximum inhibition zone of 15 mm was observed using the fruit extract mediated ZnO NPs. The results of this study showed that the biosynthesized ZnO NPs can be utilized as an efficient substitute to the frequently used chemical drugs and covering drug resistance matters resulted from continual usage of chemical drugs by users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kadhim Qasim Jabbar
- Department of Physics, College of Education, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Azeez Abdullah Barzinjy
- Scientific Research Center, Soran University, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
- Physics Education Department, Faculty of Education, Tishk International University, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
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Aurori M, Niculae M, Hanganu D, Pall E, Cenariu M, Vodnar DC, Fiţ N, Andrei S. The Antioxidant, Antibacterial and Cell-Protective Properties of Bioactive Compounds Extracted from Rowanberry ( Sorbus aucuparia L.) Fruits In Vitro. Plants (Basel) 2024; 13:538. [PMID: 38498559 PMCID: PMC10892614 DOI: 10.3390/plants13040538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Considering that Sorbus aucuparia fruits have been underutilized despite their tremendous potential, this study aimed to correlate the in vitro antioxidant, antibacterial and cell-protective abilities of fruit extracts derived from Sorbus aucuparia Romanian cultivars with their phytochemical composition. Therefore, following the preparation of ethanolic and carotenoid extracts, phytochemical screening was performed using UV-Vis and HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS methods. The antioxidant activity was analyzed using DPPH and FRAP tests. As the results revealed high contents of bioactive compounds (polyphenols 1.11 mg GAE/g DM, flavonoids 430.06 µg QE/g DM and carotenoids 95.68 µg/g DM) and an important antiradical action (DPPH 24.51 mg/mL and FRAP 0.016 µM TE/mL), we chose to further examine the fruits' biological properties. The antibacterial capacity was assessed employing agar well diffusion and broth microdilution techniques, with fruits displaying an intense activity against MSSA, MRSA and Enterococcus faecalis, but also E. coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The cell-protective activity was analyzed on gentamicin-stressed renal cells, through MTT and Annexin V-FITC assays. Importantly, a significant increase in viability was registered on stressed cells following extract administration in low doses; nevertheless, viability was noticed to decline when exposed to elevated concentrations, potentially due to the cumulative actions of the extract and gentamicin. These findings offer novel light on the antibacterial activity of Sorbus aucuparia Romanian cultivars, as well as their cell-protective ability in renal cell injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara Aurori
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Mihaela Niculae
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.N.); (E.P.); (M.C.)
| | - Daniela Hanganu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Haţieganu”, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Emoke Pall
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.N.); (E.P.); (M.C.)
| | - Mihai Cenariu
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.N.); (E.P.); (M.C.)
| | - Dan Cristian Vodnar
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Nicodim Fiţ
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Sanda Andrei
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
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Li H, Wang L, Feng J, Jiang L, Wu J. Effects of oral intake fruit or fruit extract on skin aging in healthy adults: a systematic review and Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1232229. [PMID: 37599694 PMCID: PMC10436291 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1232229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In recent years, oral various fruits or supplements of fruits natural extracts have been reported to have significant anti-aging effects on the skin (1, 2), However, despite many studies on this topic, there is often no clear evidence to support their efficacy and safety. In this paper, we present a comprehensive review and Meta-analysis of the evidence for the safety and efficacy of oral fruits and fruits extracts in improving skin aging. Methods Four databases, Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library (CENTRAL), were searched for relevant literature from 2000-01 to 2023-03. Seven randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of fruit intake or fruit extracts associated with anti-skin aging were screened for Meta-analysis. Results Compared to placebo, oral intake of fruit or fruit extracts showed significant statistical differences in skin hydration and transepidermal water loss (TEWL), with a significant improvement in skin hydration and a significant decrease in TEWL. No significant statistical difference was observed in minimal erythema dose (MED), overall skin elasticity (R2), or wrinkle depth, and no evidence of significant improvement in skin condition was observed. Conclusion Meta-analysis results suggest that consume administration of fruits or fruit extracts significantly enhances skin hydration and reduces transcutaneous water loss, but there is insufficient evidence to support other outcome recommendations, including minimal erythema dose (MED), overall skin elasticity(R2), and wrinkle depth. Systematic Review Registration PROSPERO (york.ac.uk), identifier CRD42023410382.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoying Li
- Clinical Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Clinical Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jinhong Feng
- Department of Medical Cosmetology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lijuan Jiang
- Clinical Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jingping Wu
- Department of Medical Cosmetology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Nowrasteh G, Zand A, Raposa LB, Szabó L, Tomesz A, Molnár R, Kiss I, Orsós Z, Gerencsér G, Gyöngyi Z, Varjas T. Fruit Extract, Rich in Polyphenols and Flavonoids, Modifies the Expression of DNMT and HDAC Genes Involved in Epigenetic Processes. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081867. [PMID: 37111085 PMCID: PMC10144600 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, the field of epigenetics has been intensively studied in relation to nutrition. In our study, the gene expression patterns of histone deacetylases (HDACs), which regulate the stability of histone proteins, and DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs), which regulate DNA methylation, were determined in mice. The animals were fed a human-equivalent dose of the aqueous extract of fruit seeds and peels, which is rich in flavonoids and polyphenols, for 28 days and then exposed to the carcinogen 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA). The concentrations of trans-resveratrol and trans-piceid were determined in the consumed extract by HPLC and were 1.74 mg/L (SD 0.13 mg/L) and 2.37 mg/L (SD 0.32 mg/L), respectively, which corresponds to the consumption of 0.2-1 L of red wine, the main dietary source of resveratrol, in humans daily. Subsequently, 24 h after DMBA exposure, the expression patterns of the HDAC and DNMT genes in the liver and kidneys were determined by qRT-PCR. The DMBA-induced expression of the tested genes HDAC1, HDAC2, DNMT1, DNMT3A and DNMT3B was reduced in most cases by the extract. It has already been shown that inhibition of the DNMT and HDAC genes may delay cancer development and tumour progression. We hypothesise that the extract studied may exert chemopreventive effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghodratollah Nowrasteh
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Afshin Zand
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | | | - László Szabó
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - András Tomesz
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Richárd Molnár
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - István Kiss
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsa Orsós
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Gellért Gerencsér
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Gyöngyi
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Tímea Varjas
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
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Rito M, Marques J, da Costa RMF, Correia S, Lopes T, Martin D, Canhoto JMPL, Batista de Carvalho LAE, Marques MPM. Antioxidant Potential of Tamarillo Fruits-Chemical and Infrared Spectroscopy Analysis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020536. [PMID: 36830094 PMCID: PMC9952541 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Native to South America, tamarillo (Solanum betaceum Cav.) is a small tree cultivated as a fruit crop in several regions of the world. Known for its sweet and sour taste, tamarillo fruits are very nutritious due to the presence of health-beneficial components such as fiber, vitamins, and antioxidants. Despite its nutritional value, tamarillo remains poorly known in global markets. The present work aims to study the antioxidant activity of four genotypes of tamarillo. Several chemical assays were performed to assess the antioxidant components and antioxidant activity of aqueous ethanolic extracts from each genotype. Overall, the Mealhada genotype (a red cultivar) showed the most interesting results, displaying the highest amount of total phenolic, flavonoids, and anthocyanin contents, as well as higher antioxidant activity. To evaluate the composition of the extract, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to characterize important components in aqueous ethanolic extracts of the fruits, having revealed the presence of high amounts of phenols (the main compounds responsible for antioxidant activity), as well as triterpenoids and polysaccharides. The present results highlight the potential nutraceutical importance of tamarillo fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Rito
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Associate Laboratory Terra, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Joana Marques
- Molecular Physical-Chemistry R&D Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ricardo M. F. da Costa
- Molecular Physical-Chemistry R&D Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
- Correspondence:
| | - Sandra Correia
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Associate Laboratory Terra, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
- InnovPlantProtect CoLab, Estrada de Gil Vaz, 7351-901 Elvas, Portugal
| | - Tércia Lopes
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Associate Laboratory Terra, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Daniel Martin
- Molecular Physical-Chemistry R&D Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Jorge M. P. L. Canhoto
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Associate Laboratory Terra, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Maria Paula M. Marques
- Molecular Physical-Chemistry R&D Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
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Siang LH, Arulsamy A, Yoon YK, Shaikh MF. Fruits for Seizures? A Systematic Review on the Potential Anti-Convulsant Effects of Fruits and their Phytochemicals. Curr Neuropharmacol 2022; 20:1925-1940. [PMID: 34517803 PMCID: PMC9886799 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x19666210913120637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is a devastating neurological disorder. Current anti-convulsant drugs are only effective in about 70% of patients, while the rest remain drug-resistant. Thus, alternative methods have been explored to control seizures in these drug-resistant patients. One such method may be through the utilization of fruit phytochemicals. These phytochemicals have been reported to have beneficial properties such as anti-convulsant, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. However, some fruits may also elicit harmful effects. This review aims to summarize and elucidate the anti- or pro-convulsant effects of fruits used in relation to seizures in hopes of providing a good therapeutic reference to epileptic patients and their carers. Three databases, SCOPUS, ScienceDirect, and PubMed, were utilized for the literature search. Based on the PRISMA guidelines, a total of 40 articles were selected for critical appraisal in this review. Overall, the extracts and phytochemicals of fruits managed to effectively reduce seizure activities in various preclinical seizure models, acting mainly through the activation of the inhibitory neurotransmission and blocking the excitatory neurotransmission. Only star fruit has been identified as a pro-convulsant fruit due to its caramboxin and oxalate compounds. Future studies should focus more on utilizing these fruits as possible treatment strategies for epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mohd. Farooq Shaikh
- Address correspondence to this author at the Neuropharmacology Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia; Tel/Fax: +60 3 5514 4483; E-mail:
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ŞAHİN B, BÜLBÜL AS, ÇELİK İS, KORKMAZ N, KARADAĞ A. Investigation of biological activities of plant extract and green synthesis silver nanoparticles obtained from Gilaburu ( Viburnum opulus L.) fruits. Turk J Chem 2021; 46:224-235. [PMID: 38143882 PMCID: PMC10734738 DOI: 10.3906/kim-2108-48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, biological activities of silver nanoparticles (AgNP) synthesized by green synthesis method using the fruit extract of Gilaburu (Viburnum opulus L.) plant were investigated. The characterization of the synthesized AgNPs was performed by ultraviolet visible region spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier transform - infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. The crystal size was found to be 52.32 nm when the XRD data were calculated with the Debye-Scherrer's equation. The antimicrobial activities of extract and AgNPs were investigated by microdilution and disk diffusion methods. Antibiofilm activities were examined by the crystal violet technique. The cytotoxic effects of the extract and AgNPs against MCF-7(human breast cancer) and HUVEC (human umbilical vein endothelial cells) cell lines were evaluated by MTT assay. The IC50 valuesfor the HUVEC line were found to be 0.97 mg/mL (AgNP) and 85.24 mg/mL (extract), while the IC50 values for the MCF-7 line were determined as 0.022 μg/mL (AgNP) and 0.021 μg/mL (extract). To our knowledge, this is the first report to comprehensively examine the biological activities of V. opulus L. extract and biosynthetic AgNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birgütay ŞAHİN
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Bartın University, Bartın,
Turkey
| | - Ali Savaş BÜLBÜL
- Department of Emergency Aid and Disaster Management, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Bayburt University, Bayburt,
Turkey
| | - İ. Seyfettin ÇELİK
- Department of Medical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University,
Turkey
| | - Nesrin KORKMAZ
- Department of Basic Sciences and Health, Hemp Research Institute, Yozgat Bozok University, Yozgat,
Turkey
| | - Ahmet KARADAĞ
- Department of Basic Sciences and Health, Hemp Research Institute, Yozgat Bozok University, Yozgat,
Turkey
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Morcuende D, Vallejo-Torres C, Ventanas S, Martínez SL, Ruiz SC, Estévez M. Effectiveness of Sprayed Bioactive Fruit Extracts in Counteracting Protein Oxidation in Lamb Cutlets Subjected to a High-Oxygen MAP. Foods 2020; 9:E1715. [PMID: 33266450 PMCID: PMC7700604 DOI: 10.3390/foods9111715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
High-oxygen packaging atmosphere (High-Ox-MAP) promotes meat protein oxidation and leads to texture deterioration. This study was conceived to assess the extent to which sprayed fruit extracts could inhibit the oxidative damage to proteins in lamb cutlets subjected to High-Ox-MAP (10 days/4 °C) and subsequent roasting (10 min/180 °C). Extracts from oaknut (Quercus ilex subsp. ballota; QI), rose hips (Rosa canina L.; RC), common hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna Jacq.; CM) and strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo L.; AU) were characterized for bioactive compounds (phenolic subclasses, tocopherols and ascorbic acid) and in vitro bioactivities. While the four fruits showed relevant antioxidant potential, CM had the highest phenolics and tocopherol content and that was reflected in efficient antiradical activity. The in vitro activity of this fruit to inhibit meat protein oxidation was, however, lower than that displayed by the other fruits. Taking the results altogether, CM was also found to be most efficient in protecting lamb cutlets from lipid oxidation. All fruits were able to inhibit thiols oxidation except RC, which seemed to reduce protein thiols. Among fruits, QI was the most efficient in protecting lamb cutlets against protein carbonylation as a plausible involvement of ellagitannins. The inhibition of protein oxidation by QI was reflected in significantly lower instrumental hardness in cooked lamb cutlets. Spraying lamb cutlets with extracts from QI, RC and CM improved consumers' purchase intention after chilled storage. This antioxidant strategy seems to be a feasible and efficient solution to the pro-oxidative effects caused by High-Ox-MAP in red meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Morcuende
- IPROCAR Research Institute, Food Technology, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (D.M.); (S.V.)
| | - C. Vallejo-Torres
- Food Engineering School, Technical State University of Quevedo, 120305 Quevedo, Ecuador;
| | - S. Ventanas
- IPROCAR Research Institute, Food Technology, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (D.M.); (S.V.)
| | - S. L. Martínez
- Meat Quality Laboratory, Santiago del Estero National University, G4200 Santiago del Estero, Argentina;
| | - S. C. Ruiz
- National Institute of Agricultural Technology (INTA), 16003 Santiago del Estero, Argentina;
| | - M. Estévez
- IPROCAR Research Institute, Food Technology, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (D.M.); (S.V.)
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Tsirigotis-Maniecka M. Alginate-, Carboxymethyl Cellulose-, and κ-Carrageenan-Based Microparticles as Storage Vehicles for Cranberry Extract. Molecules 2020; 25:E3998. [PMID: 32887305 PMCID: PMC7504800 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25173998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study discusses the relationship between the structural properties of the selected polysaccharides (low (ALGLV) and medium viscosity (ALGMV) sodium alginate, 90 kDa (CMC90) and 250 kDa (CMC250) carboxymethyl cellulose, and κ-carrageenan (CARκ)) and their abilities to serve as protective materials of encapsulated large cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Aiton) fruit extract (CE) from losing its health beneficial activities during long-term storage. The microparticles were characterized in terms of their encapsulation efficiency (UV-Vis and FTIR), morphology (SEM) and the physical stability in various environments (gravimetry). The microparticles' size and encapsulation efficiency were 46-50 µm and 28-58%, respectively, and the microparticles were physically stable. CMC90 and ALGMV most efficiently protected the plant extract from losing its biological activity after 18 months, while the plant extract stored outside the particles had lost its activity. CE was intended for oral administration, thus CE release from the microparticles was monitored in vitro under gastrointestinal conditions. In vitro gastrointestinal release studies revealed that the ALGMV-, CMC90-, and CMC250-based particles exhibited the desired intestinal release pattern. This result supports the suitability of sodium alginate and carboxymethyl cellulose for the safe delivery of CE to the intestines while maintaining its biological properties and improving long-term storage stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Tsirigotis-Maniecka
- Department of Engineering and Technology of Chemical Processes, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 29, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
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Sueishi Y, Nii R. A comparative study of the antioxidant profiles of olive fruit and leaf extracts against five reactive oxygen species as measured with a multiple free-radical scavenging method. J Food Sci 2020; 85:2737-2744. [PMID: 32844426 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Olive fruits and leaves are recognized to have great potential as natural sources of antioxidants. The major phenolic antioxidant component in these plant tissues is oleuropein. The antioxidant activity of olive fruits and leaves was evaluated in this study using multiple free-radical scavenging (MULTIS) methods, wherein we determined the scavenging abilities of different extracts against five reactive oxygen species (ROS; HO·, O2 - ·, RO·, t-BuOO·, and 1 O2 ). Raw olive fruits taste bitter and are inedible without undergoing a debittering treatment. Following the NaOH-debittering process, the radical scavenging activity of olives decreased by 90%. The MULTIS measurements indicated that oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol are responsible for the radical scavenging activity of olive fruits. Furthermore, we evaluated the radical scavenging profiles of olive leaf extracts against five ROS and found significant seasonal variations in their antioxidant activities. Leaves picked in August possessed greater radical scavenging abilities (180% to 410% for different ROS) than those picked in the cold season (December and February). In roasted olive leaves, we found marked increases (230% to 300% and 180% to 220%) in the antioxidant activities of Maillard reaction products against RO· and t-BuOO·, respectively. This study presented a useful comparative analysis of the antioxidant capacities of food against various types of ROS. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: In this study, we evaluated the natural antioxidant activity of olive fruits and leaves against five reactive oxygen species (ROS). We found characteristic differences in the antioxidant profiles of different olive tissues, which varied after different treatments (debittering [fruit], drying [leaf], and roasting [leaf]). Comparative studies of the antioxidant capacities of foods against various ROS are useful to improve the functionality of food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshimi Sueishi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Risako Nii
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
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Zulfajri M, Dayalan S, Li WY, Chang CJ, Chang YP, Huang GG. Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Dots from Averrhoa carambola Fruit Extract as a Fluorescent Probe for Methyl Orange. Sensors (Basel) 2019; 19:E5008. [PMID: 31744145 PMCID: PMC6891795 DOI: 10.3390/s19225008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a simple and green hydrothermal treatment was performed to prepare nitrogen-doped carbon dots (NCDs) from Averrhoa carambola (AC) fruit extract as a carbon precursor and L-arginine (Arg) as a nitrogen dopant. The AC-NCDs were characterized by UV light, fluorescence spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, FTIR spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, UV-vis spectroscopy, and zeta potential analyzer. The AC-NCDs were spherical and the average diameter was estimated to be 6.67 nm. The AC-NCDs exhibited the maximum emission intensity at 446 nm with 360 nm excitation wavelength. The fluorescence quenching behavior of AC-NCDs after interacting with methyl orange (MO) dye was studied. The interaction of AC-NCDs and MO was achieved within 3 min and the fluorescence quenching was maintained to a fixed value even after 30 min. The linearity was obtained in the range of 1 to 25 μM MO with a 0.30 μM detection limit. Furthermore, the pH values affected the quenching behavior of the AC-NCDs/MO system where the interaction mechanisms were driven by the electrostatic interaction, π-π interaction, inner filter effect, and energy transfer. The pH 5 maintained higher quenching efficiency while other pH values slightly decreased the quenching efficiency. Incoming applications, the AC-NCDs can be used in various important fields, especially for environmental protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Zulfajri
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry Education, Universitas Serambi Mekkah, Aceh 23245, Indonesia
| | - Sandhiya Dayalan
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Wang-Yu Li
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jung Chang
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Pin Chang
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Genin Gary Huang
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
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Abas R, Othman F, Thent ZC. Effect of Momordica charantia fruit extract on vascular complication in type 1 diabetic rats. EXCLI J 2015; 14:179-89. [PMID: 26417358 PMCID: PMC4553902 DOI: 10.17179/excli2014-539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is one of the risk factors in the development of vascular complications. Decreased nitric oxide (NO) production and increased lipid peroxidation in diabetes mellitus are the dominant exaggerating factors. Mormodica charantia (MC) was proven to be useful in improving diabetes mellitus and its complications. In the present study, a total of 40 male Sprague-Dawley rats were used. Diabetes was induced by a single dose (50 mg/kg) of streptozotocin (STZ), intramuscularly. Following 4 weeks of STZ induction, the animals were equally divided into five groups (n = 8); Control group (Ctrl), control group treated with MC (Ctrl-MC), diabetic untreated group (DM-Ctrl), diabetic group treated with MC (DM-MC) and diabetic group treated with metformin 150 g/kg (DM-Met). Oral administration of the MC fruit extract (1.5 g/kg) was continued for 28 days. DM-MC group showed a significant decrease (P < 0.05) in blood pressure, total cholesterol and triglyceride levels compared to the DM-Ctrl group. Aortic tissue NO level was significantly increased and malondialdehyde level was decreased in the DM-MC group. Immunohistochemical staining showed an increase in eNOS expression in the endothelial lining of the DM-MC group. Similarly, morphological deterioration of the aortic tissues was reverted to normal. In summary, treatment with the MC fruit extract exerted the significant vasculoprotective effect in the type 1 diabetic rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razif Abas
- Department of Anatomy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, 56000 Cheras, Malaysia
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor
| | - Faizah Othman
- Department of Anatomy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, 56000 Cheras, Malaysia
| | - Zar Chi Thent
- Department of Anatomy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, 56000 Cheras, Malaysia
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