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Tanaka K, Orita I, Fukui T. Production of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate- co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) from CO 2 via pH-Stat Jar Cultivation of an Engineered Hydrogen-Oxidizing Bacterium Cupriavidus necator. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:1304. [PMID: 38002428 PMCID: PMC10669266 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10111304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The copolyester of 3-hydroxybutyrate (3HB) and 3-hydoxyhexanoate (3HHx), PHBHHx, is a biodegradable plastic characterized by high flexibility, softness, a wide process window, and marine biodegradability. PHBHHx is usually produced from structurally related carbon sources, such as vegetable oils or fatty acids, but not from inexpensive carbon sources such as sugars. In previous studies, we demonstrated that engineered strains of a hydrogen-oxidizing bacterium, Cupriavidus necator, synthesized PHBHHx with a high cellular content not only from sugars but also from CO2 as the sole carbon source in the flask culture. In this study, the highly efficient production of PHBHHx from CO2 was investigated via pH-stat jar cultivation of recombinant C. necator strains while feeding the substrate gas mixture (H2/O2/CO2 = 80:10:10 v/v%) to a complete mineral medium in a recycled-gas, closed-circuit culture system. As a result, the dry cell mass and PHBHHx concentration with the strain MF01/pBPP-ccrMeJAc-emd reached up to 59.62 ± 3.18 g·L-1 and 49.31 ± 3.14 g·L-1, respectively, after 216 h of jar cultivation with limited addition of ammonia and phosphate solutions. The 3HHx composition was close to 10 mol%, which is suitable for practical applications. It is expected that the autotrophic cultivation of the recombinant C. necator can be feasible for the mass production of PHBHHx from CO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Tanaka
- Faculty of Humanity-Oriented Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 11-6 Kayanomori, Iizuka-shi 820-8555, Japan
| | - Izumi Orita
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan; (I.O.); (T.F.)
| | - Toshiaki Fukui
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan; (I.O.); (T.F.)
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Ben David A, Papir Y, Hazan O, Redelman M, Diamant E, Barnea A, Torgeman A, Zichel R. High Cell Density Cultivation Process for the Expression of Botulinum Neurotoxin a Receptor Binding Domain. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:281. [PMID: 35448890 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14040281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The receptor-binding domain of botulinum neurotoxin (HC fragment), is a promising botulism vaccine candidate. In the current study, fermentation strategies were evaluated to upscale HC fragment expression. A simple translation of the growth conditions from shake flasks to a batch fermentation process resulted in limited culture growth and protein expression (OD of 11 and volumetric protein yields of 123 mg/L). Conducting fed-batch fermentation with rich media and continuous nutrient supplementation significantly improved culture growth (OD of 40.3) and protein expression (1093 mg/L). A further increase in HC fragment yield was achieved by high cell density cultivation (HCDC). The bacterium was grown in a defined medium and with a combined bolus/continuous feed of nutrients to maintain desired oxygen levels and prevent acetate accumulation. The final OD of the process was 260, and the volumetric yield of the HC fragment was 2065 mg/L, which reflects improvement by an order of magnitude. Purified HC fragments, produced by HCDC, exhibited typical biochemical and protective characteristics in mice. Taken together, the advancements achieved in this study promote large-scale production of the HC fragment in E. coli for use in anti-botulism vaccines.
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Lee JS, Kim GH, Kim J, Lim TH, Yoon YW, Yoon SS. Large-Scale Production of Cronobacter sakazakii Bacteriophage Φ CS01 in Bioreactors via a Two-Stage Self-Cycling Process. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 31:1430-1437. [PMID: 34489375 PMCID: PMC9705936 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2107.07017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cronobacter sakazakii is an opportunistic pathogenic bacterium found in powdered infant formula and is fatal to neonates. Antibiotic resistance has emerged owing to overuse of antibiotics. Therefore, demand for high-yield bacteriophages as an alternative to antibiotics has increased. Accordingly, we developed a modified mass-production method for bacteriophages by introducing a two-stage self-cycling (TSSC) process, which yielded high-concentration bacteriophage solutions by replenishing the nutritional medium at the beginning of each process, without additional challenge. pH of the culture medium was monitored in real-time during C. sakazakii growth and bacteriophage CS01 propagation, and the changes in various parameters were assessed. The pH of the culture medium dropped to 5.8 when the host bacteria reached the early log phase (OD540 = 0.3). After challenge, it decreased to 4.65 and then recovered to 4.94; therefore, we set the optimum pH to challenge the phage at 5.8 and that to harvest the phage at 4.94. We then compared phage production during the TSSC process in jar-type bioreactors and the batch culture process in shaker flasks. In the same volume of LB medium, the concentration of the phage titer solution obtained with the TSSC process was 24 times higher than that obtained with the batch culture process. Moreover, we stably obtained high concentrations of bacteriophage solutions for three cycles with the TSSC process. Overall, this modified TSSC process could simplify large-scale production of bacteriophage CS01 and reduce the unit cost of phage titer solution. These results could contribute to curing infants infected with antibiotic-resistant C. sakazakii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Sun Lee
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyeong-Hwuii Kim
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaegon Kim
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hyun Lim
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Won Yoon
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Sik Yoon
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea,Corresponding author Phone: +82 10-7233-8839 Fax: +82 33-760-5576 E-mail:
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Kumar J, Chauhan AS, Gupta JA, Rathore AS. Supplementation of critical amino acids improves glycerol and lactose uptake and enhances recombinant protein production in Escherichia coli. Biotechnol J 2021; 16:e2100143. [PMID: 34047499 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202100143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lactose-based induction strategy in E. coli cultivation has several advantages over IPTG as it is cheap, does not impart metabolic stress to cells, and is non-toxic to cells. However, complexity of lactose as an inducer limits its application in fed-batch cultivation. A mixed glycerol-lactose based induction strategy is generally opted during fed-batch cultivation of E. coli. However, slow growth of E. coli in glycerol and lactose results in slower induction of heterologous protein. MAIN METHODS AND MAJOR RESULTS In this study, initially we have demonstrated supplementation of critical amino acids (AAs) improves uptake rate of glycerol and lactose in wildtype E. coli BL21(DE3) in defined medium. A feeding strategy of mixed glycerol-lactose feed along with supplement of critical AAs enhances recombinant production of pramlintide multimer (rPramlintide). High cell density cultivation of E. coli using mixed glycerol-lactose feed and critical AAs supplement resulted in final cell density of 52.2 ± 0.90 g L-1 and rPramlintide titer of 7.8 g L-1 . RT-qPCR analysis of genes involved in glycerol and lactose metabolism of recombinant culture showed upregulation with AAs supplementation. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS We hypothesize that supplementation of critical AAs serves dual purpose: (i) faster assimilation of carbon sources, and (ii) combating metabolic stress arises due to AAs starvation. The substrate uptake and gene expression profiles demonstrate that AAs addition enhances glycerol and lactose assimilation due to overall improvement in their metabolism governed by global regulators of carbon metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jashwant Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Ashish S Chauhan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Jaya A Gupta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Anurag S Rathore
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, Delhi, India
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Abstract
During the two years that have passed since the first volume of “Advances in Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) production” was published, the progress in PHA-related research was indeed tremendous, calling for the next, highly bioprocess- and bioengineering-oriented volume. This editorial paper summarizes and puts into context the contributions to this second volume of the Bioengineering Special Issue; it covers highly topical fields of PHA-related R&D activities, covering, beside the pronounced bioengineering-related articles, the fields of the microbiology of underexplored, but probably emerging, PHA production strains from the groups of Pseudomonas, cyanobacteria, methanotrophs, and from the extremophilic domain of haloarchaea. Moreover, novel second-generation lignocellulose feedstocks for PHA production from agriculture to be used in biorefinery concepts, new approaches for fine-tuning the composition of PHA co- and terpolyesters, process simulation for PHA production from methane-rich natural gas, the challenges associated with rheology-governed oxygen transfer in high cell density cultivations, rapid spectroscopic in-line analytics for process monitoring, and the biomedical application of PHA biopolyesters after appropriate advanced processing are the subjects of the presented studies.
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Palanikumar I, Katla S, Tahara N, Yui M, Zhang R, Ebihara A, Sivaprakasam S. Heterologous expression, purification, and functional characterization of recombinant ovine angiotensinogen in the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris. Biotechnol Prog 2019; 35:e2866. [PMID: 31187608 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Angiotensinogen (AGT), a glycosylated plasma noninhibitory serpin, serves as a precursor for angiotensin peptides which regulate blood pressure and electrolyte balance. AGT is specifically cleaved by renin to produce angiotensin-I, the first product of the angiotensin-processing cascade. Ovine angiotensinogen (oAGT) is considered an effective substrate for human renin and consequently finds application in clinical renin assays. In this study, oAGT was cloned into the genome of Pichia pastoris and expressed under the control of alcohol oxidase (AOX1) promoter for high-level production. Compared to the shake flask study, the high cell density cultivation in bioreactor resulted in multifold increase in oAGT titer (420 ± 9.26 mg/L), which is its highest reported titer to date. We purified recombinant oAGT to homogeneity using two chromatography steps. The characterization studies revealed oAGT underwent a two-state transition during thermal denaturation process as assessed by differential scanning fluorimetry, and the melting temperature (Tm ) of the purified oAGT from P. pastoris was 48.3°C. Renin reactivity with recombinant oAGT from P. pastoris (0.51 nM angiotensin-I/min) was slightly lower than the renin reactivity for recombinant oAGT from Escherichia coli (0.67 nM angiotensin-I/min), possibly because of its mannosylated N-glycan content. Enhanced production of functionally active recombinant oAGT using P. pastoris expression system reported in this study envisage the effective utilization of oAGT in clinical studies related to renin in near future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Srikanth Katla
- BioPAT Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Nariyasu Tahara
- Graduate School of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Midori Yui
- Graduate School of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Rui Zhang
- Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Akio Ebihara
- Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan.,Center for Highly Advanced Integration of Nano and Life Sciences, Gifu University (G-CHAIN), Gifu, Japan
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Yang J, Pan X, Wang H, Gao L, Zhu J, Zhou Y, Li W, Li M, Wang B. A study of high cell density cultivation process of recombinant Helicobacter pylori multi-epitope vaccine engineering bacteria. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015; 8:173-180. [PMID: 25784986 PMCID: PMC4358441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish high cell density cultivation process of recombinant Helicobacter pylori multi-epitope vaccine engineering bacteria BIB. METHODS Based on the results of shake flask fermentation, the process was magnified into volume of a 50 L fermenter to optimize and verify the factors affecting the yield of the target protein, such as the fermentation medium, working seed inoculation amount, inducer concentration, induction starting time, induction duration, inducer adding mode and feeding strategy. RESULTS After activated in modified TB medium at 37°C for 8 h, the BIB working seed was inoculated at 5% (v/v) and was induced for expression for another 11 h by the final concentration of 5 mmol/L lactose. In growth phase, glucose at rate of 80 ml/h was used as carbon source, and in induction phase, glycerol at rate of 40 ml/h was used as carbon source; ammonia water was added dropwise to control pH at about 7.0, and revolution speed is adjusted to control the dissolved oxygen at above 30%; ultimately the output of bacterial body was 70 g/L and protein expression amount was about 32%. CONCLUSION After high cell density cultivation of the recombinant engineering bacteria, expression and yield of the target protein rBIB significantly increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Department of Medical Microbiology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan UniversityChengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
- Department of Infectious Disease, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of MedicineShiyan, Hubei 442000, P.R. China
- Sichuan Vaccine Technology Co., Ltd.Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Xing Pan
- Department of Medical Microbiology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan UniversityChengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
- Sichuan Vaccine Technology Co., Ltd.Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Hongren Wang
- Department of Medical Microbiology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan UniversityChengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Lizhen Gao
- Sichuan Vaccine Technology Co., Ltd.Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Sichuan Vaccine Technology Co., Ltd.Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yongjun Zhou
- Sichuan Vaccine Technology Co., Ltd.Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Wanyi Li
- Department of Medical Microbiology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan UniversityChengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Mingyuan Li
- Department of Medical Microbiology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan UniversityChengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Baoning Wang
- Department of Medical Microbiology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan UniversityChengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
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Zhang J, Suflita M, Fiaschetti CM, Li G, Li L, Zhang F, Dordick JS, Linhardt RJ. High cell density cultivation of a recombinant Escherichia coli strain expressing a 6-O-sulfotransferase for the production of bioengineered heparin. J Appl Microbiol 2014; 118:92-8. [PMID: 25362996 DOI: 10.1111/jam.12684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Revised: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIMS One of six heparin biosynthetic enzymes, cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli as a soluble fusion protein, requires large-scale preparation for use in the chemoenzymatic synthesis of heparin, an important anticoagulant drug. METHODS AND RESULTS The 6-O-sulfotransferase isoform-3 (6-OST-3) can be conveniently prepared at mg/L levels in the laboratory by culturing E. coli on Luria-Bertani medium in shake flasks and inducing with isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside at an optical density of 0·6-0·8. The production of larger amounts of 6-OST-3 required fed-batch cultivation of E. coli in a stirred tank fermenter on medium containing an inexpensive carbon source, such as glucose or glycerol. The cultivation of E. coli on various carbon sources under different feeding schedules and induction strategies was examined. Conditions were established giving yields (5-20 mg g-cell-dry weight(-1)) of active 6-OST-3 with excellent productivity (2-5 mg l(-1) h(-1)). CONCLUSIONS The production of 6-OST-3 in a fed-batch fermentation on an inexpensive carbon source has been demonstrated. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The ability to scale-up the production of heparin biosynthetic enzymes, such as 6-OST-3, is critical for scaling-up the chemoenzymatic synthesis of heparin. The success of this project may someday lead to a commercially viable bioengineered heparin to replace the animal-sourced anticoagulant product currently on the market.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
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