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Kim S, Jeon KB, Park HM, Kim J, Lim CM, Yoon DY. Establishment and Characterization of Immortalized Human Dermal Papilla Cells Expressing Human Papillomavirus 16 E6/E7. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 34:506-515. [PMID: 37994116 PMCID: PMC11016756 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2310.10035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Primary human dermal papilla cells (HDPCs) are often preferred in studies on hair growth and regeneration. However, primary HDPCs are limited by their reduced proliferative capacity, decreased hair induction potential, and extended doubling times at higher passages. To overcome these limitations, pTARGET vectors containing human papillomavirus16 (HPV16) E6/E7 oncogenes were transfected into HDPCs and selected using G-148 to generate immortalized cells here. HPV16 E6/E7 oncogenes were efficiently transfected into primary HDPCs. Immortalized HDPC showed higher proliferative activity than primary HDPC, confirming an increased proliferation rate. Expression of p53 and pRb proteins was downregulated by E6 and E7, respectively. E6/E7 expressing HDPC cells revealed that cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor p21 expression was decreased, while cell cycle-related genes and proteins (CDK2 and cyclin E) and E2F family genes were upregulated. Immortalized HDPCs maintained their responsiveness to Wnt/β-catenin pathway and hair follicle formation capability, as indicated by their aggregative properties and stemness. E6/E7 immortalized HDPCs may facilitate in vitro hair growth and regeneration studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seonhwa Kim
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong-Bae Jeon
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Min Park
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinju Kim
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae-Min Lim
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Young Yoon
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
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Martins PR, dos Santos TPM, Menezes LM, Froede AG, Gomes MDS, Nogueira L, Braga LDC, do Amaral LR, Salles PGDO. Association of human papillomavirus (HPV), p16, p53 and p63 expression with non-bilharzia-associated squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder and algorithm construction for histopathological grading prediction. Einstein (Sao Paulo) 2023; 21:eAO0109. [PMID: 37132663 PMCID: PMC10124586 DOI: 10.31744/einstein_journal/2023ao0109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the expression of human papillomavirus (HPV), p16, p53, and p63 in non-schistosomiasis-related squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder and to develop an accurate and automated tool to predict histological classification based on clinicopathological features. METHODS Twenty-eight patients with primary bladder pure squamous cell carcinoma who underwent cystectomy or transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) for bladder cancer between January 2011 and July 2017 were evaluated. Clinical data and follow-up information were obtained from medical records. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded surgical specimens were used for immunohistochemical staining for p16, p53, and p63. Human papillomavirus detection was evaluated by PCR. Statistical analysis was performed, and statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Finally, decision trees were built to classify patients' prognostic features. Leave-one-out cross-validation was used to test the generalizability of the model. RESULTS Neither direct HPV detection nor its indirect marker (p16 protein) was identified in most cases. The absence of p16 was correlated with less aggressive histological grading (p=0.040). The positive p16 staining detection found only in pT1 and pT2 cases in our sample suggests a possible role for this tumor suppressor protein in the initial stages of bladder squamous cell carcinoma. The decision trees constructed described the relationship between clinical features, such as hematuria/dysuria, the level of tumor invasion, HPV status, lymphovascular invasion, gender, age, compromised lymph nodes, and tumor degree differentiation, with high classification accuracy. CONCLUSION The algorithm classifier approach established decision pathways for semi-automatic tumor histological classification, laying the foundation for tailored semi-automated decision support systems for pathologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Rocha Martins
- Núcleo de Ensino e PesquisaInstituto Mário PennaBelo HorizonteMGBrazil Núcleo de Ensino e Pesquisa, Instituto Mário Penna, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | - Tálita Pollyanna Moreira dos Santos
- Núcleo de Ensino e PesquisaInstituto Mário PennaBelo HorizonteMGBrazil Núcleo de Ensino e Pesquisa, Instituto Mário Penna, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | - Letícia Mattos Menezes
- Núcleo de Ensino e PesquisaInstituto Mário PennaBelo HorizonteMGBrazil Núcleo de Ensino e Pesquisa, Instituto Mário Penna, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | - Astaruth Guimarães Froede
- Núcleo de Ensino e PesquisaInstituto Mário PennaBelo HorizonteMGBrazil Núcleo de Ensino e Pesquisa, Instituto Mário Penna, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | - Matheus de Souza Gomes
- Universidade Federal de UberlândiaPatos de MinasMGBrazil Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Patos de Minas, MG, Brazil.
| | - Lucas Nogueira
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkNYUSA Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Letícia da Conceição Braga
- Núcleo de Ensino e PesquisaInstituto Mário PennaBelo HorizonteMGBrazil Núcleo de Ensino e Pesquisa, Instituto Mário Penna, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | - Laurence Rodrigues do Amaral
- Universidade Federal de UberlândiaUberlândiaMGBrazil Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.
| | - Paulo Guilherme de Oliveira Salles
- Núcleo de Ensino e PesquisaInstituto Mário PennaBelo HorizonteMGBrazil Núcleo de Ensino e Pesquisa, Instituto Mário Penna, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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Mohammadi M, Abbaszadeh H, Mohtasham N, Salehiniya H, Shafaie E. The association between high-risk human papillomavirus and oral lichen planus. Clin Exp Dent Res 2023; 9:93-99. [PMID: 36636987 PMCID: PMC9932238 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a cell-mediated inflammatory mucosal disorder and is classified as an oral potentially malignant disorder. Some research has shown that apoptosis in OLP cells is similar to a viral infection such as human papillomavirus (HPV). So, the aim of this case-control study was to investigate the association of high-risk HPV with OLP. MATERIAL AND METHODS DNA was extracted from 25 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) OLP tissues and 25 FFPE normal oral tissues as case and control groups, respectively. The presence of high-risk HPV16 and HPV18 DNA was investigated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). p-value<.05 was considered significant. RESULTS Twelve samples (48%) of OLPs were positive for HPV16, compared with six samples (24%) of controls; although the difference was not significant, it was borderline (p = .07). Three samples (12%) of OLPs were positive for HPV18 compared with one sample (4%) of controls; the difference was not significant (p = .3). The total frequency of both high-risk HPV were 14 samples (56%) of OLPs and 7 samples (28%) of controls; there was a significant association between the high-risk HPV and OLP (p = .04). High-risk HPVs was more prevalent in erosive-atrophic (EA) form of OLP as compared to non-EA form, although the difference was not significant (p = .13). CONCLUSIONS The results suggest a significant association between high-risk HPVs and OLP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Mohammadi
- Student Research CommitteeBirjand University of Medical SciencesBirjandIran
| | - Hamid Abbaszadeh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of DentistryBirjand University of Medical SciencesBirjandIran
| | - Nooshin Mohtasham
- Oral and Maxillofacial Disease Research Center, Faculty of DentistryMashhad University of Medical ScienceMashhadIran
| | - Hamid Salehiniya
- Social Determinants of Health Research CenterBirjand University of Medical SciencesBirjandIran
| | - Ebrahim Shafaie
- Infectious Diseases Research CenterBirjand University of Medical SciencesBirjandIran
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Kylebäck K, Ekeryd-Andalen A, Greppe C, Björkenfeldt Havel C, Zhang C, Strander B. Active expectancy as alternative to treatment for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 in women aged 25 to 30 years: ExCIN2-a prospective clinical multicenter cohort study. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2022; 227:742.e1-742.e11. [PMID: 35777432 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2022.06.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The management of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 is a clinical dilemma. Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 is considered a cancer precursor and is always treated with excision. Most of the cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 1 cases regress spontaneously, and it is internationally mostly monitored with expectant management. Surgical treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia entails increased risk of preterm birth in future pregnancies. Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 in women aged under 25 years is quite well-studied; the regression rate is high and the cervical cancer risk is low. Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 in women aged 25 years and above, in whom the risk of occult cancer is higher, has been less studied. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the natural course, over 2 years, of untreated cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 in women aged 25 to 30 years and its association with human papillomavirus 16. STUDY DESIGN The study was conducted as a prospective longitudinal multicenter clinical study during February 2017 to June 2021 at 5 colposcopy clinics managing referrals after abnormal cervical screening in Region Västra Götaland, Sweden. The per protocol group comprised 127 women, aged 25 to 30 years, with fully visible squamocolumnar junction and histologically verified cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2. The patients were followed up for 2 years with colposcopy, cytology, human papillomavirus tests, and at least 2 cervical biopsies every 6 months until progression or regression. The main outcome measures were the rates of regression of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months in cases with human papillomavirus 16 and those without human papillomavirus 16. The secondary outcomes were persistence and progression. RESULTS In the per protocol analysis, partial or total regression during the 2-year period was found in 72% of patients (95% confidence interval, 63-79). In patients with human papillomavirus 16, the regression rate was 51% (95% confidence interval, 36-66) and the progression rate was 47% (95% confidence interval, 32-62). In the human papillomavirus-non-16 group, 83% (95% confidence interval, 73-90) regressed and 16% (95% confidence interval, 9-26) progressed. Most of the regression and progression in both the groups occurred within 15 months. The difference in regression between human papillomavirus 16 and human papillomavirus-non-16 cases was statistically significant (P value=.0001), as was the difference in progression (P=.0002). CONCLUSION The regression rate of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 is high, and human papillomavirus 16 is a strong determinant of the natural course. Patients aged 25 to 30 years with a fully visible squamocolumnar junction and without human papillomavirus 16 should generally be recommended active surveillance for 15 months, whereas immediate treatment should be considered in cases with human papillomavirus 16.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Kylebäck
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Regionhälsan Masthugget Gynecology Clinic, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anne Ekeryd-Andalen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, NU Hospital Group, Trollhättan, Sweden
| | - Charlotte Greppe
- Frölunda Specialist Hospital Gynecology Clinic, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | | | - Björn Strander
- Regional Cancer Centre West, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, and Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Shi Z, Yang L, Bian C. Squamous cell carcinoma in mature cystic teratoma of the ovary induced by human papillomavirus 16 infection: A case report and literature review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e30667. [PMID: 36197169 PMCID: PMC9509024 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000030667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Mature cystic teratoma is the most common ovarian germ cell tumor. The malignant transformation of ovarian mature cystic teratoma (MCT) is very rare, but the prognosis is poor. We present a case of ovarian mature cystic teratoma with human papillomavirus infection and malignant transformation into ovarian squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The occurrence of this case may prove that high-risk human papillomavirus infection is a pathogenic factor inducing malignant transformation of mature cystic teratoma to SCC. PATIENT CONCERNS A 38-year-old woman with a solid cystic mass of 8 cm on the right ovary, and human papillomavirus (HPV) test of her cervix showed HPV-16 infection. DIAGNOSIS The transvaginal ultrasound was performed, and there was a cystic solid mass of 5.9 × 4.5 × 5.5 cm in the right adnexal area with unclear cystic fluid and rich blood flow signals in the capsule wall. HPV test of cervix showed HPV-16 infection. Diagnostic suspicion: cystic teratoma. INTERVENTION The patient signed an laparoendoscopic surgery was performed to remove the right ovarian mass. Intraoperative pathology consultation revealed the malignant transformation of mature teratoma of the right ovary and the formation of squamous or adeno-SCC. We performed laparoscopic comprehensive surgical staging (hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, omentectomy, appendectomy, pelvic and para-aortic lymph node dissection) were made. OUTCOMES The operation was successful and the postoperative recovery was smooth, was discharged 7 days after operation. Now the patient is recovering well and is continuing chemotherapy as planned. CONCLUSION HR-HPV infection might be a causal factor for inducing malignant transformation of ovarian MCT to SCC, and the Jumping metastasis of lymph nodes may be the characteristic of SCC-MCT, but further verification is still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixian Shi
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Lingyun Yang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
- * Correspondence: Lingyun Yang, PhD, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China (e-mail: )
| | - Ce Bian
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
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Lingam AS, Koppolu P, Alhussein SA, Abdelrahim RK, Abusalim GS, ElHaddad S, Asrar S, Nassani MZ, Gaafar SS, Bukhary FMT, AlGhamdi AS, Barakat A, Noushad M, Almoallim H. Dental Students' Perception, Awareness and Knowledge About HPV Infection, Vaccine, and Its Association with Oral Cancer: A Multinational Study. Infect Drug Resist 2022; 15:3711-3724. [PMID: 35855757 PMCID: PMC9288190 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s365715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human papilloma virus (HPV) infection forms a major etiological factor for oropharyngeal cancer (OPC), which has exhibited increased global incidence. Aim To compare the knowledge regarding HPV, its association with OPC, and HPV vaccine among students from different countries, years of the undergraduate program, and gender. Methods The current multinational cross-sectional study was conducted in 886 undergraduate dental students from Egypt, India, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, UAE, and Sudan through Google survey forms from July 2021 to September 2021. The survey form comprised 27 items divided into four sections. The answers to the questionnaire were compared among students from different countries, different years of the undergraduate program, and males and females. Chi-square test was used to evaluate the correlation between the demographic characteristics of students and their knowledge regarding HPV and OPC. Results Females exhibited a better knowledge regarding knowledge and perception on HPV vaccine, whereas males exhibited a better knowledge regarding HPV and its correlation with OPC, and these differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The third- and fourth-year undergraduate students displayed a higher awareness of OPC and its connection with HPV than other year students, and this variance was found to be statistically significant (P < 0.001). Third-year and internship students exhibited a more positive attitude and comfort regarding the vaccine and discussing the same with patients than the other educational-level students. Students from India exhibited better knowledge about HPV and its association with OPC than the students from other countries, and this difference was statistically significant (P < 0.001). Conclusion Disparities in knowledge regarding HPV-related oral cancer have been detected among the female and male participants among different nations. From the entire study population, Indian students exhibited better knowledge regarding HPV. Females from all the nations exhibited a more positive attitude and comfort regarding the vaccine and discussing the same with patients than males. The results of this necessitate intervention measures including training workshops and awareness campaigns. Improving their knowledge regarding the same may increase their awareness, resulting in better patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amara Swapna Lingam
- Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pradeep Koppolu
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sara Ahmad Alhussein
- Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rawa Kamal Abdelrahim
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghadah Salim Abusalim
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, AlKharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sally ElHaddad
- Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sadaf Asrar
- Department Oral Biology, Liaquat college of Medicine and Dentistry, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Zakaria Nassani
- Department of Restorative and Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah Salah Gaafar
- Department of Restorative and Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Conservative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ferdous Mohammed T Bukhary
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ali Barakat
- Department of Restorative and Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Noushad
- Department of Restorative and Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hesham Almoallim
- Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11545, Saudi Arabia
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Mane A, Limaye S, Patil L, Kulkarni-Kale U. Genetic variations in the long control region of human papillomavirus type 16 isolates from India: implications for cervical carcinogenesis. J Med Microbiol 2022; 71. [PMID: 35040427 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction. Infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) types, specifically HPV type 16 (HPV16), is considered to be the most important risk factor in the development of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cancer. The long control region (LCR) is a noncoding region that comprises approximately 10 % of the HPV genome and contains regulatory elements for viral transcription and replication. Sequence variations in LCR may impact on the replication efficiency and oncogenic potential of the virus.Gap statement. Studies documenting variations in LCR of HPV16 isolates pertaining to cervical neoplastic status in India are limited.Aim. The present study was designed to characterize variations in the LCR of Indian isolates of HPV16 and study their association with cervical disease grades.Methodology. The LCR was amplified and sequenced from HPV16 positive cervical samples belonging to different cervical disease grades. Sequences were aligned to identify variations and potential transcription factor binding sites (TFbs) were predicted using the JASPAR database in addition to phylogenetic studies.Results. Among the 163 HPV16 isolates analysed, 47 different nucleotide variations were detected in the LCR, of which 25 are reported for first time in Indian isolates. Point mutations were detected in 35/54 (64.8 %) samples with normal cervical status, 44/50 (88 %) samples with low-grade cervical disease and 53/59 (89.8 %) samples with high-grade cervical disease. Variations T6586C, G6657A and T6850G were significantly associated with high-grade cervical status. Thirteen LCR variations were detected in the binding sites for CEBPB, ETS1, JUN, MYB, NFIL3, PHOX2A and SOX9 transcription factors.Conclusion. The present study helped to identify unique variations in the LCRs of HPV16 Indian isolates. The variations in the A4 sub-lineage were significantly associated with high-grade disease status. The isolates belonging to the A4 and D3 sub-lineages harboured mutations in putative TFbs, implying a potential impact on viral replication and progression to cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arati Mane
- ICMR-National AIDS Research Institute, 73 G block, MIDC, Bhosari, Pune-411026, India
| | - Sanket Limaye
- Bioinformatics Centre, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune-411007, India
| | - Linata Patil
- ICMR-National AIDS Research Institute, 73 G block, MIDC, Bhosari, Pune-411026, India
| | - Urmila Kulkarni-Kale
- Bioinformatics Centre, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune-411007, India
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Soltani S, Tabibzadeh A, Yousefi P, Zandi M, Zakeri A, Akhavan Rezayat S, Ramezani A, Esghaei M, Farahani A. HPV infections in retinoblastoma: a systematic review. J Clin Lab Anal 2021; 35:e23981. [PMID: 34462972 PMCID: PMC8529131 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Retinoblastoma is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in children less than 4 years. Retinoblastoma (RB) contains about 3%-5% of all childhood cancers. Recent studies demonstrated that interacting between RB tumor suppressor and oncoproteins of DNA tumor viruses such as human papillomavirus (HPV). The objective of the current systematic review study was to present conducted studies in the field of HPV infection and its possible role in retinoblastoma. METHODS For this systematic review, all relevant original research studies were assessed by searching in electronic databases include PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science by using relevant keywords. The study was designed based on the PRISMA criteria. All publications with English literature and original researches are considered for screening. RESULTS Conducted search results lead to 4070 studies. The title and abstract screening lead to 11 studies. Data extraction was performed on 8 included studies. The prevalence of the HPV was ranged from 0 to 69%, and HPV genotype 16 and 18 were the most detected types. The most used method for the detection of the viruses was PCR, and the most assessed sample was formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue blocks. CONCLUSION The association between HPV and retinoblastoma is still inconsistent. The prevalence of the HPV in RB was ranged from 0 to 69%, which indicates a wide range and highlights the importance of further investigation for more accurate statistical of HPV prevalence in RB. Thus, further worldwide studies of larger sample sizes of cohorts should be investigated to clarify this uncertainty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saber Soltani
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Tabibzadeh
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parastoo Yousefi
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Milad Zandi
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Armin Zakeri
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Akhavan Rezayat
- Department of Management & Health Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Akam Ramezani
- Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Esghaei
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Farahani
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
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Antaño-Arias R, Del Moral-Hernández O, Ortiz-Ortiz J, Alarcón-Romero LDC, Navor-Hernández JA, Leyva-Vázquez MA, Jiménez-López MA, Organista-Nava J, Illades-Aguiar B. E6/E7 Variants of Human Papillomavirus 16 Associated with Cervical Carcinoma in Women in Southern Mexico. Pathogens 2021; 10:773. [PMID: 34203053 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10060773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistent infection with the human papillomavirus 16 (HPV 16) is the cause of half of all cervical carcinomas (CC) cases. Moreover, mutations in the oncoproteins E6 and E7 are associated with CC development. In this study, E6/E7 variants circulating in southern Mexico and their association with CC and its precursor lesions were evaluated. In total, 190 DNA samples were obtained from scrapes and cervical biopsies of women with HPV 16 out of which 61 are from patients with CC, 6 from patients with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL), 68 from patients with low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL), and 55 from patients without intraepithelial lesions. For all E7 variants found, the E7-C732/C789/G795 variant (with three silent mutations) was associated with the highest risk of CC (odd ratio (OR) = 3.79, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.46–9.85). The analysis of E6/E7 bicistron conferred to AA-a*E7-C732/C789/G795 variants revealed the greatest increased risk of CC (OR = 110, 95% CI = 6.04–2001.3), followed by AA-c*E7-C732/C789/G795 and A176/G350*E7-p. These results highlight the importance of analyzing the combinations of E6/E7 variants in HPV 16 infection and suggest that AA-a*E7-C732/C789/G795, AA-c*E7-C732/C789/G795, and A176/G350*E7-p can be useful markers for predicting CC development.
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Mahmoudvand S, Shokri S, Makvandi M, Taherkhani R, Rashno M, Jalilian FA, Angali KA. In silico prediction of T-cell and B-cell epitopes of human papillomavirus type 16 L1 protein. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2021; 69:514-525. [PMID: 33624357 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) is one of the most important cause of developing cervical cancer. Therefore, effective epitope-based vaccine design for HPV-16 would be of major medical benefit. The aim of our study was to identify B- and T-cell epitopes of HPV-16 L1 protein. In this study, the HPV-16 L1 gene was isolated from HPV recovered from five vaginal swab samples using specific primers and finally sequenced. The ExPASy translate tool (http://web.expasy.org/translate/) was used to convert nucleotide sequence into amino acid sequence. Bioinformatic analysis was employed to predict suitable B- and T-cell epitopes and immunogenicity, allergenicity, and toxicity of predicted epitopes were then evaluated. Afterward, the selected T-cell epitopes were docked using Molegro Virtual Docker software. The two epitopes 207 AMDFTTLQA215 and 200 MVDTGFGAM208 have showed a very strong binding affinity to HLA-A0201 and HLA-B3501 molecules, respectively. Outcome of B-cell epitope prediction showed that epitope 475 KAKPKFTLGKRK ATPTTSSTSTTAKRKK502 contained overlapped epitope, which might be the epitope associated with the production of neutralizing antibody response. Based on this finding, the predicted B- and T-cell epitopes are promising targets for epitope-based vaccine development against HPV-16. Further in vivo and in vitro experiments are needed to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahab Mahmoudvand
- Infectious and Tropical Disease Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Somayeh Shokri
- Infectious and Tropical Disease Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Manoochehr Makvandi
- Infectious and Tropical Disease Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Reza Taherkhani
- Persian Gulf Biomedical Research Center, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rashno
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Farid Azizi Jalilian
- Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Kambiz Ahmadi Angali
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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11
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von Witzleben A, Currall E, Wood O, Chudley L, Akinyegun O, Thomas J, Bendjama K, Thomas GJ, Friedmann PS, King EV, Laban S, Ottensmeier CH. Correlation of HPV16 Gene Status and Gene Expression With Antibody Seropositivity and TIL Status in OPSCC. Front Oncol 2021; 10:591063. [PMID: 33575210 PMCID: PMC7871909 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.591063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Human papillomavirus 16 (HPV16) is the main cause of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC). To date, the links between HPV16 gene expression and adaptive immune responses have not been investigated. We evaluated the correlation of HPV16 DNA, RNA transcripts and features of adaptive immune response by evaluating antibody isotypes against E2, E7 antigens and density of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL). MATERIAL AND METHODS FFPE-tissue from 27/77 p16-positive OPSCC patients was available. DNA and RNA were extracted and quantified using qPCR for all HPV16 genes. The TIL status was assessed. Immune responses against E2 and E7 were quantified by ELISA (IgG, IgA, and IgM; 77 serum samples pre-treatment, 36 matched post-treatment). RESULTS Amounts of HPV16 genes were highly correlated at DNA and RNA levels. RNA co-expression of all genes was detected in 37% (7/19). E7 qPCR results were correlated with higher anti-E7 antibody (IgG, IgA) level in the blood. Patients with high anti-E2 IgG antibody (>median) had better overall survival (p=0.0311); anti-E2 and anti-E7 IgA levels had no detectable effect. During the first 6 months after treatment, IgA but not IgG increased significantly, and >6 months both antibody classes declined over time. Patients with immune cell-rich tumors had higher levels of circulating antibodies against HPV antigens. CONCLUSION We describe an HPV16 qPCR assay to quantify genomic and transcriptomic expression and correlate this with serum antibody levels against HPV16 oncoproteins. Understanding DNA/RNA expression, relationship to the antibody response in patients regarding treatment and outcome offers an attractive tool to improve patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian von Witzleben
- CRUK and NIHR Experimental Cancer Medicine Center & School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Eve Currall
- CRUK and NIHR Experimental Cancer Medicine Center & School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Oliver Wood
- CRUK and NIHR Experimental Cancer Medicine Center & School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Lindsey Chudley
- CRUK and NIHR Experimental Cancer Medicine Center & School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Oluyemisi Akinyegun
- Southampton University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Jaya Thomas
- CRUK and NIHR Experimental Cancer Medicine Center & School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Kaïdre Bendjama
- Department Affaires Médicinales, Research, Project, Transgene SA, Illkirch, France
| | - Gareth J. Thomas
- CRUK and NIHR Experimental Cancer Medicine Center & School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- Southampton University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Peter S. Friedmann
- CRUK and NIHR Experimental Cancer Medicine Center & School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Emma V. King
- CRUK and NIHR Experimental Cancer Medicine Center & School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Poole Hospital, Poole, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Laban
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Christian H. Ottensmeier
- CRUK and NIHR Experimental Cancer Medicine Center & School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- Liverpool Head and Neck Centre, Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Molecular & Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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12
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Pandey A, Chandra S, Nautiyal R, Shrivastav V. Expression of p16 INK4a and human papillomavirus 16 with associated risk factors in cervical premalignant and malignant lesions. South Asian J Cancer 2020; 7:236-239. [PMID: 30430091 PMCID: PMC6190388 DOI: 10.4103/sajc.sajc_118_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Human papilloma virus (HPV) which is causative factor for cervical cancer may interact with p16 leading to malignant transformation of cervical epithelial cells. The present study was conducted to assess the immunoexpression of p16 INK4a in premalignant and malignant lesions of cervix and to correlate it with HPV 16 expression. It was also intended to study the various risk factors which may be associated with cervical cancer in this north Himalayan region of India. Material and Methods: The study included 50 cases of premalignant and malignant cervical lesions and 50 controls diagnosed on histopathology over a period of one year. All the relevant clinical details were noted and both cases and controls were subjected to HPV 16 and p16 INK4a immunohistochemical staining. Results: 67% of subjects (including cases and controls) and 94% of the cases were positive for HPV 16 expression. p16 INK4a expression was negative in all the controls, positive in 96% of invasive cancer, 66.6% in HSIL and 37.5% in LSIL. Conclusion: Cervical cancer is associated with low socio economic status, illiteracy, smoking, early age of marriage and conception in north Himalayan region of India. HPV 16 infection is positive in both cases and controls indicating high prevalence of HPV 16 in this region. Neoplastic transformation by HPV is identified by over expression of p16 INK4a in premalignant and malignant cases. The immunopositivity of p16 INK4a increases with the severity of cervical lesions and thus may play an important role in stratification of premalignant and malignant lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abha Pandey
- Department of Pathology, Himalaya Institute of Medical Sciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Smita Chandra
- Department of Pathology, Himalaya Institute of Medical Sciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ruchira Nautiyal
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Himalaya Institute of Medical Sciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Vikas Shrivastav
- Department of Pathology, Himalaya Institute of Medical Sciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
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13
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Shigeishi H, Su CY, Kaneyasu Y, Matsumura M, Nakamura M, Ishikawa M, Saito A, Ohta K, Sugiyama M. Association of oral HPV16 infection with periodontal inflammation and the oral microbiome in older women. Exp Ther Med 2020; 21:167. [PMID: 33456534 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The present preliminary study aimed to investigate the association between oral human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) DNA prevalence and periodontal inflammation in older women. The association between oral HPV16 infection and oral health status has not been fully elucidated in older Japanese women. The present study investigated older women aged ≥60 years who visited Hiroshima University Hospital. The present study excluded subjects with clinical factors affecting HPV infection, such as current smoking, oral cancer and pre-malignant lesions, and immunodeficiency. Finally, 46 female patients (mean age, 74.6 years) were analyzed. Quantitative PCR analysis was performed to detect HPV16 DNA in oral rinse samples. A total of 4 participants (8.7%) were HPV16 DNA positive. There was a significant association between the HPV16 DNA positivity rate and bleeding on probing (P=0.03). Additionally, Prevotella intermedia positive cases exhibited a significantly higher HPV16 DNA positivity rate than negative cases (33.3 vs 3.8%). Furthermore, analysis of 16S ribosomal RNA in bacterial flora was performed to examine microbiome diversity in participants with ≥6 mm periodontal pockets and bleeding on probing. Importantly, the average percentage of Porphyromonas was significantly higher in HPV16 DNA positive cases compared with in HPV16 DNA negative cases (5.57 vs. 1.44%). By contrast, the average percentage of Veillonella was significantly lower in HPV16 DNA positive cases than in HPV16 DNA negative cases (2.43 vs. 8.51%). Prevotella was also lower in HPV16 DNA positive cases than in HPV16 DNA negative cases (4.0 vs. 8.23%). These results indicated that people with both deep periodontal pocket inflammation and oral HPV16 infection may not have Prevotella- or Veillonella-dominant oral microbiomes, and their microbiomes may exhibit their own distinctive characteristics. In conclusion, the results suggested that oral HPV16 infection may be associated with periodontal inflammation in older Japanese women. Further research is required to clarify the detailed association between oral HPV infection and the oral microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideo Shigeishi
- Department of Public Oral Health, Program of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Cheng-Yih Su
- Department of Oral Health Management, Program of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Yoshino Kaneyasu
- Department of Public Oral Health, Program of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Mari Matsumura
- Department of Public Oral Health, Program of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Mariko Nakamura
- Department of Public Oral Health, Program of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Momoko Ishikawa
- Department of Public Oral Health, Program of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Ayumi Saito
- Department of Public Oral Health, Program of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Kouji Ohta
- Department of Public Oral Health, Program of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Masaru Sugiyama
- Department of Public Oral Health, Program of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
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14
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Chen X, Zhang P, Chen S, Zhu H, Wang K, Ye L, Wang J, Yu J, Mei S, Wang Z, Cheng X. Better or Worse? The Independent Prognostic Role of HPV-16 or HPV-18 Positivity in Patients With Cervical Cancer: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1733. [PMID: 33117670 PMCID: PMC7577117 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The literature reports conflicting results regarding the effect of human papillomavirus (HPV) genotype 16 (HPV-16)/18 (HPV-18) positivity on cervical cancer (CC) prognosis. Aim: To conduct a meta-analysis to examine the effect of HPV-16/18 positivity on the prognosis of patients with CC. Methods: PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched for available papers published up to March 2020. The main outcome was the hazard ratio (HR) of overall survival (OS) or disease-free survival (DFS) comparing HPV-16 or HPV-18 positivity and negativity. The random-effects model was used for synthesizing survival outcomes. Results: Nine studies and 2,028 patients were included. Four studies reported OS in HPV-16 positivity, and no association was found between HPV-16 positivity and OS to CC (HR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.26–2.39, P = 0.675). Three studies reported DFS in HPV-16 positivity, and no association was found between HPV-16 positivity and DFS to CC (HR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.30–2.11, P = 0.654). Two studies reported DFS in HPV-18 positivity, and no association was found between HPV-18 positivity and DFS to CC (HR = 0.99, 95% CI: 0.55–1.78, P = 0.984). One study reported progression-free survival (PFS) in HPV-18 positivity, and an association was observed between HPV-18 positivity and PFS to CC (HR = 2.66, 95% CI: 1.44–4.94, P = 0.002). The sensitivity analyses showed that one study biased the analysis of the association between HPV-16 and OS, and another study biased the association between HPV-16 and DFS. Conclusion: The presence of HPV-16 and HPV-18 positivity appears to have no significant association with prognosis in CC in either OS or PFS. The presence of HPV-16 or HPV-18 positivity has no significant association with prognosis in CC in either OS or PFS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Chen
- Zhejiang Taizhou Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | | | | | - Kai Wang
- Zhejiang Taizhou Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Liya Ye
- Zhejiang Taizhou Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Zhejiang Taizhou Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Junhui Yu
- Zhejiang Taizhou Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | | | | | - Xiaodong Cheng
- Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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15
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James CD, Das D, Morgan EL, Otoa R, Macdonald A, Morgan IM. Werner Syndrome Protein (WRN) Regulates Cell Proliferation and the Human Papillomavirus 16 Life Cycle during Epithelial Differentiation. mSphere 2020; 5:e00858-20. [PMID: 32938703 DOI: 10.1128/mSphere.00858-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human papillomaviruses recruit a host of DNA damage response factors to their viral genome to facilitate homologous recombination replication in association with the viral replication factors E1 and E2. We previously demonstrated that SIRT1 deacetylation of WRN promotes recruitment of WRN to E1-E2 replicating DNA and that WRN regulates both the levels and fidelity of E1-E2 replication. The deacetylation of WRN by SIRT1 results in an active protein able to complex with replicating DNA, but a protein that is less stable. Here, we demonstrate an inverse correlation between SIRT1 and WRN in CIN cervical lesions compared to normal control tissue, supporting our model of SIRT1 deacetylation destabilizing WRN protein. We CRISPR/Cas9 edited N/Tert-1 and N/Tert-1+HPV16 cells to knock out WRN protein expression and subjected the cells to organotypic raft cultures. In N/Tert-1 cells without WRN expression, there was enhanced basal cell proliferation, DNA damage, and thickening of the differentiated epithelium. In N/Tert-1+HPV16 cells, there was enhanced basal cell proliferation, increased DNA damage throughout the epithelium, and increased viral DNA replication. Overall, the results demonstrate that the expression of WRN is required to control the proliferation of N/Tert-1 cells and controls the HPV16 life cycle in these cells. This complements our previous data demonstrating that WRN controls the levels and fidelity of HPV16 E1-E2 DNA replication. The results describe a new role for WRN, a tumor suppressor, in controlling keratinocyte differentiation and the HPV16 life cycle.IMPORTANCE HPV16 is the major human viral carcinogen, responsible for around 3 to 4% of all cancers worldwide. Our understanding of how the viral replication machinery interacts with host factors to control/activate the DNA damage response to promote the viral life cycle remains incomplete. Recently, we demonstrated a SIRT1-WRN axis that controls HPV16 replication, and here we demonstrate that this axis persists in clinical cervical lesions induced by HPV16. Here, we describe the effects of WRN depletion on cellular differentiation with or without HPV16; WRN depletion results in enhanced proliferation and DNA damage irrespective of HPV16 status. Also, WRN is a restriction factor for the viral life cycle since replication is disrupted in the absence of WRN. Future studies will focus on enhancing our understanding of how WRN regulates viral replication. Our goal is to ultimately identify cellular factors essential for HPV16 replication that can be targeted for therapeutic gain.
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16
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Abstract
RATIONALE Many previous studies have investigated the necessity of routine histopathological analysis of tonsillectomy specimen, and most recent studies have suggested that such an analysis is not justified in asymptomatic patients or those with no risk factors for malignancy. PATIENT CONCERNS A 59-year-old man diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea underwent surgery, including tonsillectomy; a tonsil specimen was sent to the department of pathology. DIAGNOSIS Although the patient did not exhibit any tonsil-related signs or symptoms, nor did the appearance of the tonsil appear to be pathological, the right tonsil specimen was diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma, with detection of human papilloma virus 16. INTERVENTIONS Chemotherapy and radiotherapy were used to treat the tonsil cancer. OUTCOMES No recurrence was observed during the 4-year follow-up. LESSONS In the future, it may be necessary to reinvestigate the necessity of routine histopathological analysis of tonsillectomy specimens in asymptomatic patients, considering the drastically increased rate of detection of human papilloma virus-related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghwi Park
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan
| | - Byung Joo Lee
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan
| | - Minchul Go
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital
| | - Jung-Soo Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital
| | - Sung Jae Heo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
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17
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Johnson Jones ML, Gargano JW, Powell M, Park IU, Niccolai LM, Bennett NM, Griffin MR, Querec T, Unger ER, Markowitz LE. Effectiveness of 1, 2, and 3 Doses of Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Against High-Grade Cervical Lesions Positive for Human Papillomavirus 16 or 18. Am J Epidemiol 2020; 189:265-276. [PMID: 31680146 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwz253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Before 2016, human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination was recommended on a 3-dose schedule. However, many vaccine-eligible US females received fewer than 3 doses, which provided an opportunity to evaluate the real-world vaccine effectiveness (VE) of 1, 2, and 3 doses. We analyzed data on cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grades 2-3 and adenocarcinoma in situ (designated CIN2+) from the HPV Vaccine Impact Monitoring Project (HPV-IMPACT; 2008-2014). Archived tissue from CIN2+ lesions was tested for 37 types of HPV. Women were classified by number of doses received ≥24 months before CIN2+ detection. Using a test-negative design, VE was estimated as 1 minus the adjusted odds ratio from a logistic regression model that compared vaccination history for women whose lesions tested positive for HPV-16/18 (vaccine-type cases) with that for women who had all other CIN2+ lesions (controls). Among 3,300 women with available data on CIN2+, typing results, and vaccine history, 1,561 (47%) were HPV-16/18-positive, 136 (4%) received 1 dose of HPV vaccine, 108 (3%) received 2 doses, and 325 (10%) received 3 doses. Adjusted odds ratios for vaccination with 1, 2, and 3 doses were 0.53 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.37, 0.76; VE = 47%), 0.45 (95% CI: 0.30, 0.69; VE = 55%), and 0.26 (95% CI: 0.20, 0.35; VE = 74%), respectively. We found significant VE against vaccine-type CIN2+ after 3 doses of HPV vaccine and lower but significant VE with 1 or 2 doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle L Johnson Jones
- National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Julia Warner Gargano
- National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | | | - Ina U Park
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Linda M Niccolai
- Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases and Connecticut Emerging Infections Program, School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Nancy M Bennett
- Center for Community Health and Prevention, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York
| | - Marie R Griffin
- Department of Health Policy, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Troy Querec
- National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Elizabeth R Unger
- National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Lauri E Markowitz
- National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
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18
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Venancio PA, Consolaro MEL, Derchain SF, Boccardo E, Villa LL, Maria-Engler SS, Campa A, Discacciati MG. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase expression in HPV infection, SILs, and cervical cancer. Cancer Cytopathol 2019; 127:586-597. [PMID: 31412167 DOI: 10.1002/cncy.22172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Revised: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the central factor for cervical cancer, whereas epithelial immune mechanisms contribute to the progression of HPV infection and its associated lesions. The authors evaluated the expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) in cervicovaginal samples from women with normal cervical epithelium or with different degrees of squamous intraepithelial lesions (SILs) and cervical cancer. METHODS IDO expression was analyzed by immunocytochemistry in liquid-based cytology samples from 165 women, of whom 42 had cervical changes subclassified as low-grade SIL (n = 6), high-grade SIL (n = 30), or squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (n = 6), and 123 had negative Papanicolaou smears. IDO and TDO expression also were analyzed by immunohistochemistry, and HPV and other genital pathogens were evaluated by polymerase chain reaction analysis. RESULTS Low IDO expression was observed in normal cervical epithelium irrespective of HPV status. Increased numbers of IDO-positive squamous cells and IDO-positive leukocytes were observed in women with SIL or SCC. TDO expression was detected in leukocytes infiltrating the stroma around intraepithelial or invasive cervical lesions. Higher IDO levels were detected in organotypic epithelial cultures established from keratinocytes transduced with the HPV16 E6/E7 oncoproteins. CONCLUSIONS The upregulation of IDO expression in leukocytes and squamous cells in HPV-associated SIL and SCC suggests that immunosuppressive mechanisms involving tryptophan metabolism may have a role in cervical carcinogenesis. Although previous studies have suggested the role of IDO in HPV pathogenesis, this is the first evidence of TDO involvement in the process. Furthermore, the current data emphasize the role of leukocytes, especially neutrophil-like cells, as an IDO source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paloma Almeida Venancio
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Sophie Françoise Derchain
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Enrique Boccardo
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luisa Lina Villa
- Department of Radiology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Silvya Stuchi Maria-Engler
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Campa
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Michelle Garcia Discacciati
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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19
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Salimović-Bešić I, Tomić-Čiča A, Hukić M. Genotyping test based on viral DNA, RNA or both as a management option for high-risk human papillomavirus positive women: a cross sectional study. Med Glas (Zenica) 2019; 16. [PMID: 31127709 DOI: 10.17392/1030-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Aim This cross-sectional study of a group of women with abnormal cytology and high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) infection compared genotyping HPV DNA and mRNA assays according to two age categories of women (S1: ≤30 and S2: >30 years). Methods The hrHPV DNA positive results of 105 cervical samples of women were pooled and those harbouring HPV-16, 18, 31, 33 and/or 45 DNA were tested for the type specific HPV oncogene E6/E7 overexpression (mRNA). Results Although HPV DNA testing showed a higher proportion of women infected by any of five hrHPVs in S1 group, total agreement of hrHPV DNA and mRNA positive results was higher in S2 group of women (75.8% v. 83.9%). The most prevalent type in both age groups was HPV-16. A 100% agreement of positivity of both tests was noted for HPV-18 and 33 in S1 group, and for HPV-18 in S2 group. Increasing concordance of HPV-16 and 31 DNA and mRNA positive results with the severity of cervical cytology was observed in S1 group of women. Absolute matching (100.0%) of positivity of both diagnostic tests was recorded in S2ASCUS group (for HPV-16, 18 and 33), in S1HSIL (for HPV-16, 18, 31 and 33), in S1LSIL category (for HPV-18 and 33) and in S2HSIL group (for HPV-18). Conclusion The results indicate the possibility of predicting the risk of persistent infection only by HPV DNA typing test, with no need for additional RNA testing in categories of infected women showing a high (absolute) agreement of positivity of both tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irma Salimović-Bešić
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Clinical Centre University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Anja Tomić-Čiča
- Clinic for Gynaecology- Cabinet for Colposcopy and Cytology, Clinical Centre University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Mirsada Hukić
- Institute for Biomedical Diagnostics and Research Nalaz, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Department of Medical Sciences, Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina; Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
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Togtema M, Jackson R, Grochowski J, Villa PL, Mellerup M, Chattopadhyaya J, Zehbe I. Synthetic siRNA targeting human papillomavirus 16 E6: a perspective on in vitro nanotherapeutic approaches. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2018; 13:455-474. [PMID: 29382252 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2017-0242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
High-risk human papillomaviruses infect skin and mucosa, causing approximately 5% of cancers worldwide. In the search for targeted nanotherapeutic approaches, siRNAs against the viral E6 transcript have been molecules of interest but have not yet seen successful translation into the clinic. By reviewing the past approximately 15 years of in vitro literature, we identify the need for siRNA validation protocols which concurrently evaluate ranges of key treatment parameters as well as characterize downstream process restoration in a methodical, quantitative manner and demonstrate their implementation using our own data. We also reflect on the future need for more appropriate cell culture models to represent patient lesions as well as the application of personalized approaches to identify optimal treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Togtema
- Probe Development & Biomarker Exploration, Thunder Bay Regional Health Research Institute, Thunder Bay, ON, P7B 6V4, Canada.,Biotechnology Program, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - Robert Jackson
- Probe Development & Biomarker Exploration, Thunder Bay Regional Health Research Institute, Thunder Bay, ON, P7B 6V4, Canada.,Biotechnology Program, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - Jessica Grochowski
- Probe Development & Biomarker Exploration, Thunder Bay Regional Health Research Institute, Thunder Bay, ON, P7B 6V4, Canada
| | - Peter L Villa
- Probe Development & Biomarker Exploration, Thunder Bay Regional Health Research Institute, Thunder Bay, ON, P7B 6V4, Canada.,Department of Biology, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - Miranda Mellerup
- Probe Development & Biomarker Exploration, Thunder Bay Regional Health Research Institute, Thunder Bay, ON, P7B 6V4, Canada
| | - Jyoti Chattopadhyaya
- Program of Chemical Biology, Institute of Cell & Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, SE-75123, Sweden
| | - Ingeborg Zehbe
- Probe Development & Biomarker Exploration, Thunder Bay Regional Health Research Institute, Thunder Bay, ON, P7B 6V4, Canada.,Department of Biology, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, P7B 5E1, Canada
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Torres-Rojas FI, Alarcón-Romero LDC, Leyva-Vázquez MA, Ortiz-Ortiz J, Mendoza-Catalán MÁ, Hernández-Sotelo D, Del Moral-Hernández O, Rodríguez-Ruiz HA, Leyva-Illades D, Flores-Alfaro E, Illades-Aguiar B. Methylation of the L1 gene and integration of human papillomavirus 16 and 18 in cervical carcinoma and premalignant lesions. Oncol Lett 2017; 15:2278-2286. [PMID: 29434935 PMCID: PMC5776931 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is the primary cause of cervical carcinoma (CC). Viral integration into the host chromosomes is associated with neoplastic progression, and epigenetic changes may occur as a result. The objective of the present study was to analyze HPV L1 gene methylation and to compare the use of quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), in situ hybridization (ISH) and L1 methylation analysis as methods for detecting HPV integration. Cervical scrapes or biopsy samples positive for HPV 16 or 18, from 187 female patients with CC, squamous intraepithelial lesions (SILs) or no intraepithelial lesion (non-IL) were analyzed. Methylation of the L1 gene was determined using bisulfite modification followed by PCR, and HPV integration was subsequently analyzed. HPV 16 L1 gene methylation was revealed to increase with histological grade, with statistically significant differences observed as follows: Low-grade SIL vs. CC, P<0.0001 and non-IL vs. CC, P<0.0001. HPV 18 L1 gene methylation also increased according to histological grade, however, no statistically significant differences were observed. Methylation at CpG site 5608 of the HPV 16 L1 gene was associated with all grades of cervical lesions, whereas methylation at CpG site 5617 demonstrated the strongest association with CC (odds ratio, 42.5; 95% confidence interval, 4.7-1861; P<0.0001). The concordance rates between the various methods for the detection of the physical status of HPV 16 and HPV 18 were 96.1% for qPCR and ISH, 76.7% for qPCR and L1 gene methylation, and 84.8% for ISH and L1 gene methylation. In conclusion, methylation of the HPV 16 L1 gene increases significantly according to the grade of the cervical lesion, and methylation at CpG sites 5608 and 5617 of this gene may be used as prognostic biomarkers. ISH and L1 gene methylation have good concordance with qPCR with regards to the detection of HPV integration. Therefore, these are useful methods in determining the physical state of HPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Israel Torres-Rojas
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, School of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero 39090, Mexico
| | - Luz Del Carmen Alarcón-Romero
- Laboratory of Cytopathology and Histochemistry, School of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero 39090, Mexico
| | - Marco Antonio Leyva-Vázquez
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, School of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero 39090, Mexico
| | - Julio Ortiz-Ortiz
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, School of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero 39090, Mexico
| | - Miguel Ángel Mendoza-Catalán
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, School of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero 39090, Mexico
| | - Daniel Hernández-Sotelo
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, School of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero 39090, Mexico
| | - Oscar Del Moral-Hernández
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, School of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero 39090, Mexico
| | - Hugo Alberto Rodríguez-Ruiz
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, School of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero 39090, Mexico
| | - Dinorah Leyva-Illades
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, School of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero 39090, Mexico
| | - Eugenia Flores-Alfaro
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, School of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero 39090, Mexico
| | - Berenice Illades-Aguiar
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, School of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero 39090, Mexico
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Klymenko T, Gu Q, Herbert I, Stevenson A, Iliev V, Watkins G, Pollock C, Bhatia R, Cuschieri K, Herzyk P, Gatherer D, Graham SV. RNA-Seq Analysis of Differentiated Keratinocytes Reveals a Massive Response to Late Events during Human Papillomavirus 16 Infection, Including Loss of Epithelial Barrier Function. J Virol 2017; 91:e01001-17. [PMID: 29021401 DOI: 10.1128/JVI.01001-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The human papillomavirus (HPV) replication cycle is tightly linked to epithelial cell differentiation. To examine HPV-associated changes in the keratinocyte transcriptome, RNAs isolated from undifferentiated and differentiated cell populations of normal, spontaneously immortalized keratinocytes (NIKS) and NIKS stably transfected with HPV16 episomal genomes (NIKS16) were compared using next-generation sequencing (RNA-Seq). HPV16 infection altered expression of 2,862 cellular genes. Next, to elucidate the role of keratinocyte gene expression in late events during the viral life cycle, RNA-Seq was carried out on triplicate differentiated populations of NIKS (uninfected) and NIKS16 (infected). Of the top 966 genes altered (>log2 = 1.8, 3.5-fold change), 670 genes were downregulated and 296 genes were upregulated. HPV downregulated many genes involved in epithelial barrier function, which involves structural resistance to the environment and immunity to infectious agents. For example, HPV infection repressed expression of the differentiated keratinocyte-specific pattern recognition receptor TLR7, the Langerhans cell chemoattractant CCL20, and proinflammatory cytokines interleukin 1α (IL-1α) and IL-1β. However, the type I interferon regulator IRF1, kappa interferon (IFN-κ), and viral restriction factors (IFIT1, -2, -3, and -5, OASL, CD74, and RTP4) were upregulated. HPV infection abrogated gene expression associated with the physical epithelial barrier, including keratinocyte cytoskeleton, intercellular junctions, and cell adhesion. Quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting confirmed changes in expression of seven of the most significantly altered mRNAs. Expression of three genes showed statistically significant changes during cervical disease progression in clinical samples. Taken together, the data indicate that HPV infection manipulates the differentiating keratinocyte transcriptome to create an environment conducive to productive viral replication and egress. IMPORTANCE HPV genome amplification and capsid formation take place in differentiated keratinocytes. The viral life cycle is intimately associated with host cell differentiation. Deep sequencing (RNA-Seq) of RNA from undifferentiated and differentiated uninfected and HPV16-positive keratinocytes showed that almost 3,000 genes were differentially expressed in keratinocytes due to HPV16 infection. Strikingly, the epithelial barrier function of differentiated keratinocytes, comprising keratinocyte immune function and cellular structure, was found to be disrupted. These data provide new insights into the virus-host interaction that is crucial for the production of infectious virus and reveal that HPV infection remodels keratinocytes for completion of the virus replication cycle.
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Morgan IM, DiNardo LJ, Windle B. Integration of Human Papillomavirus Genomes in Head and Neck Cancer: Is It Time to Consider a Paradigm Shift? Viruses 2017; 9:v9080208. [PMID: 28771189 PMCID: PMC5580465 DOI: 10.3390/v9080208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Human papillomaviruses (HPV) are detected in 70–80% of oropharyngeal cancers in the developed world, the incidence of which has reached epidemic proportions. The current paradigm regarding the status of the viral genome in these cancers is that there are three situations: one where the viral genome remains episomal, one where the viral genome integrates into the host genome and a third where there is a mixture of both integrated and episomal HPV genomes. Our recent work suggests that this third category has been mischaracterized as having integrated HPV genomes; evidence indicates that this category consists of virus–human hybrid episomes. Most of these hybrid episomes are consistent with being maintained by replication from HPV origin. We discuss our evidence to support this new paradigm, how such genomes can arise, and more importantly the implications for the clinical management of HPV positive head and neck cancers following accurate determination of the viral genome status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iain M Morgan
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) School of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.
- VCU Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.
| | - Laurence J DiNardo
- VCU Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.
- VCU Department of Otolaryngology, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.
| | - Brad Windle
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) School of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.
- VCU Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.
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Zhao X, Zhou Z, Chen Y, Chen W, Ma H, Pu J. Role of antibodies to human papillomavirus 16 in prostate cancer: A seroscreening by peptide microarray. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317698371. [PMID: 28618964 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317698371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence is accumulating in estimating the potential role of human papillomavirus infection in prostate carcinogenesis. However, the results remain inconclusive. We measured the serostatus of antibodies to one of the high-risk human papillomaviruses, human papillomavirus 16, with a newly developed peptide microarray. Serum samples were collected from 75 untreated prostate cancer patients, along with 80 control subjects. We identified 12 peptides with significant differences in prostate cancer samples from all 241 peptides derived from human papillomavirus 16. Our results showed human papillomavirus 16 infection in 64.0% of prostate cancer serum samples, which is significantly different compared with the controls ( p < 0.01) because only 17.5% of the control serum was considered seropositive. The area under the receiver operator characteristic curve was 0.793 (95% confidence interval 0.721-0.864), indicating that the new microarray technique may have diagnostic value. The results showed an association between serological evidence for human papillomavirus 16 infection and risk of prostate cancer. The different serostatus of antibodies in the two subgroups indicated that human papillomavirus 16 infection might occur and play a potential role of progression in a minority of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Zhao
- 1 Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zheng Zhou
- 1 Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China
| | - Ye Chen
- 1 Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China
| | - Wen Chen
- 2 Suzhou SJ Biomaterials Co., Ltd, Suzhou, P.R. China
| | - Hongwei Ma
- 3 Nano-Bio-Chem Centre, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jinxian Pu
- 1 Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China
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25
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Duarte DV, Vieira RC, Brito EBD, Pinheiro MDCN, Monteiro JDSV, Valente MDR, Ishikawa EAY, Fuzii HT, Sousa MSD. Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus Infection and Cervical Cancer Screening among Riverside Women of the Brazilian Amazon. Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet 2017; 39:350-357. [PMID: 28658700 PMCID: PMC10416179 DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1604027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the overall and type-specific prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection among females living in riverside communities in the state of Pará, in the Eastern Brazilian Amazon. These communities are inhabited by low-income people, and are accessible only by small boats. Cervical cytology and risk factors for HPV infection were also assessed. Methods Cervical samples from 353 women of selected communities were collected both for Papanicolau (Pap) test and HPV detection. Conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and real-time PCR were used to assess the overall and type-specific prevalence of HPV-16 and HPV-18, the main oncogenic types worldwide. Epidemiological questionnaires were used for the assessment of the risk factors for HPV infection. Results The mean age of the participants was 37 years (standard deviation [SD] ± 13.7). Most were married or with a fixed sexual partner (79%), and had a low educational level (80%) and family monthly income (< U$ 250; 53%). Overall, HPV prevalence was 16.4% (n = 58), with 8 cases of HPV-16 (2.3%) and 5 of HPV-18 (1.4%). Almost 70% of the women surveyed had never undergone the Pap test. Abnormal cytology results were found in 27.5% (n = 97) of the samples, with higher rates of HPV infection according to the severity of the lesions (p = 0.026). Conclusions The infections by HPV-16 and HPV-18 were not predominant in our study, despite the high prevalence of overall HPV infection. Nevertheless, the oncogenic potential of these types and the low coverage of the Pap test among women from riverside communities demonstrate a potential risk for the development of cervical lesions and their progression to cervical cancer, since the access to these communities is difficult and, in most cases, these women do not have access to primary care and public health services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Valim Duarte
- Molecular and Celular Biology Laboratory, Núcleo de Medicina Tropical, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Covre Vieira
- Molecular and Celular Biology Laboratory, Núcleo de Medicina Tropical, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Elza Baía de Brito
- Citopathology Laboratory, Núcleo de Medicina Tropical, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Edna Aoba Yassui Ishikawa
- Molecular and Celular Biology Laboratory, Núcleo de Medicina Tropical, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Hellen Thais Fuzii
- Immunopathology Laboratory, Núcleo de Medicina Tropical, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Maísa Silva de Sousa
- Molecular and Celular Biology Laboratory, Núcleo de Medicina Tropical, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
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Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence varies widely worldwide. We used a transmission model to show links between age-specific sexual patterns and HPV vaccination effectiveness. We considered rural India and the United States as examples of 2 heterosexual populations with traditional age-specific sexual behavior and gender-similar age-specific sexual behavior, respectively. We simulated these populations by using age-specific rates of sexual activity and age differences between sexual partners and found that transitions from traditional to gender-similar sexual behavior in women <35 years of age can result in increased (2.6-fold in our study) HPV16 prevalence. Our model shows that reductions in HPV16 prevalence are larger if vaccination occurs in populations before transitions in sexual behavior and that increased risk for HPV infection attributable to transition is preventable by early vaccination. Our study highlights the importance of using time-limited opportunities to introduce HPV vaccination in traditional populations before changes in age-specific sexual patterns occur.
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Donken R, Bogaards JA, van der Klis FRM, Meijer CJLM, de Melker HE. An exploration of individual- and population-level impact of the 2-dose HPV vaccination schedule in pre-adolescent girls. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2016; 12:1381-93. [PMID: 27171128 PMCID: PMC4964747 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2016.1160978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Since 2014, several countries have implemented a 2-dose schedule for Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination. Licensure of the 2-dose schedule was based on non-inferiority results from immunobridging studies, comparing the antibody levels of the 2-dose schedule in young girls to those of the 3-dose schedule in young adults. Since licensure, additional data on antibody levels and other aspects of the immune response and clinical effectiveness have become available. This review will discuss the current outcomes on immunogenicity and effectiveness together with an exploration on the population impact of 2-dose schedules from a cost-effectiveness perspective. The 2-dose schedule has important benefits, such as easier logistics, reduced expenditure, potentially higher acceptance and fewer side effects. Policymakers and registration authorities should consider whether these benefits outweigh the likely differences on individual- and population-level impact between the 2- and 3-dose schedules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robine Donken
- a Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM) , Bilthoven , The Netherlands.,b Department of Pathology , VU University Medical Center (VUmc) , Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Johannes A Bogaards
- a Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM) , Bilthoven , The Netherlands
| | - Fiona R M van der Klis
- a Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM) , Bilthoven , The Netherlands
| | - Chris J L M Meijer
- b Department of Pathology , VU University Medical Center (VUmc) , Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Hester E de Melker
- a Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM) , Bilthoven , The Netherlands
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28
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Mirghani H, Ugolin N, Ory C, Goislard M, Lefèvre M, Baulande S, Hofman P, Guily JLS, Chevillard S, Lacave R. Comparative analysis of micro-RNAs in human papillomavirus-positive versus -negative oropharyngeal cancers. Head Neck 2016; 38:1634-1642. [PMID: 27097597 DOI: 10.1002/hed.24487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Revised: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oncogenic mechanisms of human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive oropharyngeal cancer are still poorly characterized. Analysis of their microRNA expression profile might provide valuable information. METHODS The microRNA expression profiles were analyzed by micro-arrays in 26 oropharyngeal cancers. A microRNA signature specific to HPV-status was identified by analyzing a learning/training set consisting of 16 oropharyngeal cancers. The robustness of this signature was further confirmed by blind case-by-case classification of a validation set composed of 10 independent tumors. Putative targeted molecular pathways were proposed using DIANA miRPath online software (http://microrna.gr/mirpath). RESULTS We have identified 25 miRNA signatures, which discriminates HPV16-positive oropharyngeal cancer from their HPV-negative counterparts. These 25 microRNAs play a potential role in Wnt and PI3K-pathways, cell-adhesion/cell-polarity, and the cytoskeleton regulation. CONCLUSION Our study contributes to a better understanding of pathogenic mechanisms involved in the development of HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancer and in the identification of potential therapeutic molecular targets. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: 1708-1716, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitham Mirghani
- ER2 Unit and GRC10, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France. .,Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Institut de Cancérologie Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.
| | - Nicolas Ugolin
- CEA, DSV, iRCM, Laboratory of Experimental Cancerology, Fontenay-aux-Roses, Cedex, France
| | - Catherine Ory
- CEA, DSV, iRCM, Laboratory of Experimental Cancerology, Fontenay-aux-Roses, Cedex, France
| | - Maud Goislard
- CEA, DSV, iRCM, Laboratory of Experimental Cancerology, Fontenay-aux-Roses, Cedex, France
| | - Marine Lefèvre
- Department of Pathology, GHUEP, Hôpital Tenon, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | | | - Paul Hofman
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology and Biobank of CHUN, Pasteur Hospital, Nice, France
| | - Jean Lacau St Guily
- ER2 Unit and GRC10, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France.,Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, GHUEP, Hôpital Tenon, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Chevillard
- CEA, DSV, iRCM, Laboratory of Experimental Cancerology, Fontenay-aux-Roses, Cedex, France
| | - Roger Lacave
- ER2 Unit and GRC10, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France.,Tumours Genomic Unit, GHUEP, Hôpital Tenon, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, France
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Yassin A, Dixon DR, Oda D, London RM. Diagnosis and Clinical Management of Human Papilloma Virus-Related Gingival Squamous Cell Carcinoma in a Patient With Leukemia: A Case Report. Clin Adv Periodontics 2016; 6:50-56. [PMID: 29593935 DOI: 10.1902/cap.2015.150038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Close clinical inspection for intraoral lesions in patients with leukemia that develop chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) is critical. Additionally, neoplasias developing in bone marrow transplant patients after treatment for leukemia represent a significant obstacle for long-term patient survival, necessitating lifetime follow-up by health care providers. This case report describes the identification, diagnosis, and treatment of gingival squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in a patient with leukemia who was treated previously with a stem cell transplant and referred for routine periodontal care. Case Presentation A 53-year-old male was referred to the Department of Periodontics for an assessment of tooth #10 with 2+ mobility and associated cross-bite occlusion. The patient was diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia at age 39 years, received hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), and later developed cGVHD followed by human papilloma virus (HPV) infections. During the periodontal evaluation, a large, non-painful, exophytic, alveolar gingival mass was identified and later diagnosed as SCC. It is unusual that oral SCC presents as an exophytic, gingival swelling. The patient received comprehensive periodontal management in coordination with his otolaryngology team before and during the diagnosis of SCC secondary to cGVHD and HPV infection. Conclusions Patients with a history of HSCT treatment for leukemia and subsequent cGVHD are at a high risk of developing second primary oral malignancies, including SCC. Exposure to oncogenic HPV infection may compound this risk. Therefore, it is important for dentists to be aware of special treatment concerns and to frequently screen these patients to achieve early diagnosis and treatment of these neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Yassin
- Department of Periodontics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Douglas R Dixon
- Department of Periodontics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Dolphine Oda
- Department of Oral Pathology, University of Washington
| | - Robert M London
- Department of Periodontics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
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Cavalcanti ÉFF, Silva CR, Ferreira DC, Ferreira MVM, Vanderborght PR, Torres MCMB, Torres SR. Detection of human papillomavirus in dental biofilm and the uterine cervix of a pregnant adolescent. SAO PAULO MED J 2016; 134:88-91. [PMID: 25885485 PMCID: PMC10496582 DOI: 10.1590/1516-3180.2014.8812810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Revised: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Adolescence and pregnancy are considered to be risk factors for human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. The relationship between this infection in the uterine cervix and oral HPV infection is controversial. CASE REPORT This report describes a case of a pregnant 16-year-old adolescent who presented HPV infection in the uterine cervix and the mouth. Smears were collected from the cervix and the tongue/palate. Dental biofilm samples were also collected. The microarray technique was used to detect HPV. The HPV 56 subtype was observed in the cervical smear and HPV 6 in dental biofilm. CONCLUSION In this pregnant adolescent, HPV infection was present in both the cervix and the mouth, but the HPV subtypes infecting these two areas were different.
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Affiliation(s)
- Édila Figuerêdo Feitosa Cavalcanti
- MSc. Postgraduate Student, Department of Oral Pathology and Diagnosis, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Célia Regina Silva
- MD, MSc. Associate Professor, Department of Gynecology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Dennis Carvalho Ferreira
- PhD, Postgraduate Dentistry Program, Discipline of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Veiga de Almeida University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | | | - Patrícia Rosa Vanderborght
- PhD. Quality Manager, Department of Clinical Research, D’Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Maria Cynésia Medeiros Barros Torres
- PhD. Associate Professor, Department of Dental Clinic, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Sandra Regina Torres
- PhD. Associate Professor, Department of Oral Pathology and Diagnosis, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Rathore AS, Gulati N, Shetty DC, Jain A. To analyze the concomitant expression of human papillomavirus-16 in the pathogenetic model of p53-dependant pathway in oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2016; 20:342-347. [PMID: 27721595 PMCID: PMC5051278 DOI: 10.4103/0973-029x.190896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) accounts for 90% of all primary oral malignancies. Association between human papillomavirus (HPV) as a risk factor of cervical cancer is well known; there is a need to widen the knowledge for its role in oral cancer development. The viral E6 protein of HPV binds to p53 making it nonfunctional. Aims and Objective: To study mutated/wild type p53 expression using immunohistochemistry and detect HPV-16 presence using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), in OSCC and correlating their expression. Materials and Methods: Immunohistochemical staining for p53 molecule in 24 sections of OSCC followed by DNA extraction of the cases using qiagen extraction kit and subsequent HPV-16 detection using PCR technique. Statistical Analysis: The data were analysed using SPSS software version 19. Results: Out of 24 cases of OSCC, twenty cases were positive for P 53 expression and four cases were negative for P 53 expression. Out of the four negative cases, one case was detected positive for HPV-16. Conclusion: HPV infection along with p53 expression helps in understanding its exact pathogenesis which further helps in expanding our spectrum of therapeutic modalities
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajit Singh Rathore
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, ITS Dental College, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nikita Gulati
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, ITS Dental College, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Devi Charan Shetty
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, ITS Dental College, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anshi Jain
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, ITS Dental College, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Zhong R, Bechill J, Spiotto MT. Loss of E2F1 Extends Survival and Accelerates Oral Tumor Growth in HPV-Positive Mice. Cancers (Basel) 2015; 7:2372-85. [PMID: 26670255 PMCID: PMC4695895 DOI: 10.3390/cancers7040895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2015] [Revised: 11/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is associated with several human cancers, including head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs). HPV expresses the viral oncogene E7 that binds to the retinoblastoma protein (RB1) in order to activate the E2F pathway. RB1 can mediate contradictory pathways-cell growth and cell death via E2F family members. Here, we assessed the extent to which E2F1 mediates lethality of HPV oncogenes. Ubiquitous expression of the HPV oncogenes E6 and E7 caused lethality in mice that was associated with focal necrosis in hepatocytes and pancreatic tissues. Furthermore, all organs expressing HPV oncogenes displayed up-regulation of several E2F1 target genes. The E2F1 pathway mediated lethality in HPV-positive mice because deletion of E2F1 increased survival of mice ubiquitously expressing HPV oncogenes. E2F1 similarly functioned as a tumor suppressor in HPV-positive oral tumors as tumors grew faster with homozygous loss of E2F1 compared to tumors with heterozygous loss of E2F1. Re-expression of E2F1 caused decreased clonogenicity in HPV-positive cancer cells. Our results indicate that HPV oncogenes activated the E2F1 pathway to cause lethality in normal mice and to suppress oral tumor growth. These results suggest that selective modulation of the E2F1 pathway, which is activated in HPV tumors, may facilitate tumor regression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Zhong
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, The University of Chicago, 900 E. 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
| | - John Bechill
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, The University of Chicago, 900 E. 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
| | - Michael T Spiotto
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, The University of Chicago, 900 E. 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
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Andersson S, Mints M, Gyllensten U, Lindell M, Gustavsson I, Lambe M, Wilander E. Uneven distribution of human papillomavirus 16 in cervical carcinoma in situ and squamous cell carcinoma in older females: A retrospective database study. Oncol Lett 2014; 8:1528-1532. [PMID: 25202362 PMCID: PMC4156228 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2014.2347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 is the dominant cofactor in cervical cancer development. The present report investigated the age-specific prevalence of HPV16 in cervical carcinoma in situ (CIS) in females attending organised cervical cancer screening. A retrospective observational study was performed based on individual data from two databases. A total of 162 females aged between 20 and 65 years from Uppsala County, Sweden with CIS and an HPV test conducted between 2010 and 2011, preceding or concomitant to CIS diagnosis, were included. Females with cervical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC; n=35) were used for comparison. In total, 96% (n=156) of females with CIS were positive for high-risk HPV; HPV16 was the most prevalent (44.5%), followed by HPV33/52/58 (19.5%), HPV31 (13.1%) and HPV18/45 (9.5%). HPV16 was most frequently detected in females with CIS aged between 20 and 29 years (73.6%) and least frequently detected in those aged between 50 and 65 years (33.3%), with a statistically significant age-specific difference (P=0.001). Among the HPV16-positive females, multiple infections were most frequent in the younger age groups. The prevalence of HPV16 in females with CIS decreased with age, whereas a high prevalence of HPV16 remained in females with SCC. These results may indicate that HPV16 has increased oncogenic potential in older females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Andersson
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm S-171 76, Sweden
| | - Miriam Mints
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm S-171 76, Sweden
| | - Ulf Gyllensten
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala S-751 85, Sweden
| | - Monica Lindell
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala S-751 85, Sweden
| | - Inger Gustavsson
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala S-751 85, Sweden
| | - Mats Lambe
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala S-751 85, Sweden
| | - Erik Wilander
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Cytology, Uppsala University Hospital and Uppsala University, Uppsala S-751 85, Sweden ; Regional Oncologic Centre, Uppsala University Hospital and Uppsala University, Uppsala S-751 85, Sweden
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Djajadiningrat RS, Jordanova ES, Kroon BK, van Werkhoven E, de Jong J, Pronk DTM, Snijders PJF, Horenblas S, Heideman DAM. Human papillomavirus prevalence in invasive penile cancer and association with clinical outcome. J Urol 2014; 193:526-31. [PMID: 25150641 DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2014.08.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The incidence of penile cancer is increasing, and is suggested to be explained by changes in sexual practice and increased exposure of men to sexually transmitted high risk human papillomavirus infection. In penile cancers from a Dutch population treated in 1963 to 2001 we found a high risk human papillomavirus prevalence of about 30%. In this study we assessed the prevalence of high risk human papillomavirus-DNA in a more recent, contemporary penile cancer cohort and its association with patient survival. MATERIALS AND METHODS High risk human papillomavirus-DNA presence was assessed by GP5+6+ polymerase chain reaction in 212 formalin fixed, paraffin embedded invasive penile tumor specimens of patients treated between 2001 and 2009. The 5-year disease specific survival was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method with the log rank test and Cox regression. RESULTS High risk human papillomavirus-DNA was detected in a subset of penile cancer cases (25%, 95% CI 19-31). HPV16 was the predominant type, representing 79% (42 of 53) of all high risk human papillomavirus infections. The 5-year disease specific survival in the high risk human papillomavirus negative group and the high risk human papillomavirus positive group was 82% and 96%, respectively (log rank test p=0.016). Adjusted for stage, grade, lymphovascular invasion and age, human papillomavirus status was still prognostic for disease specific survival (p=0.030) with a hazard ratio of 0.2 (95% CI 0.1-0.9). CONCLUSIONS High risk human papillomavirus-DNA was observed in a quarter of penile cancer cases. No relevant increase in high risk human papillomavirus prevalence in recent decades was observed. The presence of high risk human papillomavirus-DNA in penile cancer confers a survival advantage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ekaterina S Jordanova
- Centre for Gynaecologic Oncology Amsterdam, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bin K Kroon
- Department of Urology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Erik van Werkhoven
- Department of Biometrics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen de Jong
- Department of Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Divera T M Pronk
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter J F Snijders
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Simon Horenblas
- Department of Urology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Brentnall AR, Vasiljević N, Scibior-Bentkowska D, Cadman L, Austin J, Szarewski A, Cuzick J, Lorincz AT. A DNA methylation classifier of cervical precancer based on human papillomavirus and human genes. Int J Cancer 2014; 135:1425-32. [PMID: 24535756 PMCID: PMC4235302 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.28790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Revised: 01/21/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Testing for high-risk (hr) types of human papillomavirus (HPV) is highly sensitive as a screening test of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplastic (CIN2/3) disease, the precursor of cervical cancer. However, it has a relatively low specificity. Our objective was to develop a prediction rule with a higher specificity, using combinations of human and HPV DNA methylation. Exfoliated cervical specimens from colposcopy-referral cohorts in London were analyzed for DNA methylation levels by pyrosequencing in the L1 and L2 regions of HPV16, HPV18, HPV31 and human genes EPB41L3, DPYS and MAL. Samples from 1,493 hrHPV-positive women were assessed and of these 556 were found to have CIN2/3 at biopsy; 556 tested positive for HPV16 (323 CIN2/3), 201 for HPV18 (73 CIN2/3) and 202 for HPV31 (98 CIN2/3). The prediction rule included EPB41L3 and HPV and had area under curve 0.80 (95% CI 0.78-0.82). For 90% sensitivity, specificity was 36% (33-40) and positive predictive value (PPV) was 46% (43-48). By HPV type, 90% sensitivity corresponded to the following specificities and PPV, respectively: HPV16, 38% (32-45) and 67% (63-71); HPV18, 53% (45-62) and 52% (45-59); HPV31, 39% (31-49) and 58% (51-65); HPV16, 18 or 31, 44% (40-49) and 62% (59-65) and other hrHPV 17% (14-21) and 21% (18-24). We conclude that a methylation assay in hrHPV-positive women might improve PPV with minimal sensitivity loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam R Brentnall
- Centre for Cancer Prevention, Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
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36
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Wong GR, Ha KO, Himratul-Aznita WH, Yang YH, Wan Mustafa WM, Yuen KM, Abraham MT, Tay KK, Karen-Ng LP, Cheong SC, Zain RB. Seropositivity of HPV 16 E6 and E7 and the risk of oral cancer. Oral Dis 2014; 20:762-7. [PMID: 24320099 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2013] [Revised: 11/03/2013] [Accepted: 11/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of HPV seropositivity among patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and healthy individuals and to correlate the association between HPV 16 seropositivity and risk of OSCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS HPV 16 E6 and E7 plasmids were constructed for the production of recombinant protein, which was used as the antigen in ELISA. HPV ELISA was performed on serum samples from 50 healthy individuals and 50 patients with OSCC. RESULTS Using the HPV ELISA, 30% (OR = 2.25, 95% CI = 0.85-5.93) and 18% (OR = 1.61, 95% CI = 0.53-4.92) of patients with oral cancer were found to be HPV 16 E6 and E7 seropositive, respectively. Significant association was found between HPV 16 seropositivity and increased risk of OSCC in men, but not in male subjects. A similar trend was observed in non-betel quid chewers. CONCLUSIONS Potential associations between HPV 16 E6/E7 seropositivity and oral cancer were revealed in men and non-betel quid chewer subjects, suggesting a possible etiological role of HPV 16 in subgroup of patients with OSCC in Malaysia.
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Affiliation(s)
- G R Wong
- Oral Cancer Research & Coordinating Centre (OCRCC), Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Oro-Maxillofacial Surgical and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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de Oliveira Mota MT, Bonilha JL, Rosa BM, de Arruda JGF, Soares FA, Vassallo J, Calmon MF, Rahal P. High-risk human papillomaviruses in two different primary tumors in the same patient. Int J Urol 2013; 20:1046-8. [PMID: 23350731 DOI: 10.1111/iju.12096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2012] [Accepted: 12/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Two cases of patients with high-risk human papillomavirus-related squamous cell carcinomas of the penis are reported. In both patients, a second high-risk human papillomavirus-related squamous cell carcinoma, of the same type (genotype 16), was detected: a carcinoma of the oropharynx 2 years after treatment of the squamous cell carcinomas of the penis in the first patient, and a carcinoma of the esophagus 1 year after the treatment of the squamous cell carcinomas of the penis in the second patient. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that multiple human papillomavirus-related tumors in the same patient are reported. It is suggested that a careful clinical investigation is necessary in patients with tumors attributable to high-risk human papillomavirus for the early detection of a possible second neoplasm related to this virus in a different organ.
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Pitta DR, Sarian LO, Campos EA, Rabelo-Santos SH, Syrjänen K, Derchain SF. Phylogenetic classification of human papillomavirus genotypes in high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in women from a densely populated Brazilian urban region. SAO PAULO MED J 2009; 127:122-7. [PMID: 19820871 PMCID: PMC10956894 DOI: 10.1590/s1516-31802009000300003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2009] [Revised: 06/23/2009] [Accepted: 06/24/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE Differences in human papillomavirus (HPV) types may correlate with the biological potential and invasion risk of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN 2 and CIN 3). The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between different combinations of HPV types and CIN severity. DESIGN AND SETTING Cross-sectional study, at Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp). METHODS Cervical samples from 106 women treated due to CIN 2 (18) or CIN 3 (88) were examined for specific HPV genotypes using Roche Linear Array (LA-HPV). The proportions of CIN 2 and CIN 3 in groups of women infected with the HPV phylogenetic groups A7 and A9 were compared. Three groups were formed: women with single infections; multiple infections; and the whole sample. RESULTS Multiple infections were detected in 68 samples (64.7%). The most frequent high-risk genotypes detected (single/multiple) were HPV 16 (57.1%), HPV 58 (24.7%), HPV 33 (15.2%), HPV 52 (13.3%), HPV 31 (10.4%), HPV 51 (7.6%) and HPV 18 (6.6%). Women without infection with HPV species Alpha 9 were less likely to have CIN 3 than were their Alpha 9 HPV-infected counterparts. HPV 16 and/or HPV 18, with or without associations with other viral types, were more frequently found in women with CIN 3 than in those with CIN 2. CONCLUSIONS The severity of high-grade CIN may be aggravated by the presence of HPV types included in the Alpha 9 phylogenetic classification and by infections including HPV 16 and 18, singly or in combination with other HPV genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Rocha Pitta
- MSc. Biologist, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Luis Otávio Sarian
- MD, PhD. Assistant professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Elisabete Aparecida Campos
- MSc. Biologist, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Sílvia Helena Rabelo-Santos
- PhD. Pharmacist and assistant professor, School of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
| | - Kari Syrjänen
- MD, PhD, FIAC. Associate professor, Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
| | - Sophie Françoise Derchain
- MD, PhD. Associate professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Castle PE. Invited commentary: is monitoring of human papillomavirus infection for viral persistence ready for use in cervical cancer screening? Am J Epidemiol 2008; 168:138-44; discussion 145-8. [PMID: 18483124 PMCID: PMC2443359 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwn037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2007] [Accepted: 01/17/2008] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistent cervical infections by approximately 15 carcinogenic genotypes of human papillomavirus (HPV) cause virtually all cases of cervical cancer and its immediate precancerous precursor, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 or carcinoma in situ. As is shown in a meta-analysis by Koshiol et al. (Am J Epidemiol 2008;168:123-137), detection of carcinogenic HPV viral persistence could be used to identify women at the greatest risk of cervical precancer. Specifically, women who have carcinogenic HPV infection that persists for at least 1 year versus those whose infections clear are at significantly elevated risk of having or developing cervical precancer. However, before detection of HPV persistence can be used in cervical cancer screening, several considerations need to be addressed: 1) validation and Food and Drug Administration approval of a reliable HPV genotyping test, 2) rational clinical algorithms based on risk of precancer and cancer for the clinical management of HPV persistence, 3) clinician and patient acceptability of monitoring of HPV infections (including not responding excessively to the first positive HPV test and waiting 1-2 years for infections to either persist or resolve), and 4) patient compliance with recommended follow-up. Investigators will need to address these and other key issues in order to realize the potential utility of HPV viral monitoring for improving the accuracy of cervical cancer screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip E Castle
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892-7234, USA.
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40
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Gallo G, Bibbo M, Bagella L, Zamparelli A, Sanseverino F, Giovagnoli MR, Vecchione A, Giordano A. Study of viral integration of HPV-16 in young patients with LSIL. J Clin Pathol 2003; 56:532-6. [PMID: 12835300 PMCID: PMC1770000 DOI: 10.1136/jcp.56.7.532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/30/2003] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the physical status of human papillomavirus 16 (HPV-16) in low grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSILs) as a means of determining the percentage of viral integration. METHODS Ninety two LSIL/HPV positive Thin Prep(TM) samples were initially tested for the E6 gene by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to identify the HPV-16 virus. To avoid false positive results, the specificity of the bands obtained from PCR was confirmed by Southern blot hybridisation with internal oligonucleotide probes. Next, a PCR screen for the E2 gene was performed to identify those samples in which the virus was integrated. Viral integration was detected in just over half of them. RESULTS Twenty of the 92 samples were HPV-16 positive, as shown by PCR for the E6 gene. Southern blot analysis confirmed that 13 of these samples were positive for the viral E6 gene. Thus, viral integration was detected in just over a half of the samples positive for HPV-16. CONCLUSIONS These data show that HPV-16 integration occurs in a subset of LSILs. The measurement of HPV-16 integration would be a helpful complementary tool for cytological evaluation in primary cervical screening to identify those patients at risk of developing high grade squamous intraepithelial lesions and cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Gallo
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA.
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41
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Kämmer C, Tommasino M, Syrjänen S, Delius H, Hebling U, Warthorst U, Pfister H, Zehbe I. Variants of the long control region and the E6 oncogene in European human papillomavirus type 16 isolates: implications for cervical disease. Br J Cancer 2002; 86:269-73. [PMID: 11870518 PMCID: PMC2375181 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6600024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2001] [Revised: 09/30/2001] [Accepted: 10/11/2001] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
High-risk human papillomavirus types, especially type 16, are risk factors for cervical cancer. Preliminary studies suggest that HPV16 polymorphisms in the long control region or in the E6 gene may alter the oncogenic potential of the virus. This could partially explain why some lesions progress to cancer while others do not. A systematic study combining the long control region and E6 has not been undertaken. This prompted us to investigate the long control region and the E6 in northern European women infected with human papillomavirus 16. We identified the sequence variations of both regions and investigated the long control region promoter activity among various isolates. In addition, we correlated the distribution of long control region and E6 polymorphisms with disease status. We analyzed 45 samples from Swedish and Finnish women. The long control region and the E6 gene were sequenced after polymerase chain reaction long control region fragments of six European isolates covering the majority of polymorphisms in this region were ligated into the pALuc vector and used for luciferase assays. In European HPV16 isolates, polymorphisms in the long control region are more frequent than in the E6 gene. Nevertheless, the promoter function was slightly increased in only one of the tested European long control region variants. In addition, we found a specific European E6 variant, L83V, to be enriched in high-grade lesions and cancer rather than a specific European long control region variant. The difference in oncogenicity between European HPV16 genotypes is more probably due to an altered property of the corresponding E6 proteins rather than to an altered activity of the P97 promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Kämmer
- Institute of Virology, University of Cologne, Fürst-Pückler-Strasse 56, D-50935 Cologne, Germany
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