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Louradour J, Ottersberg R, Segiser A, Olejnik A, Martínez-Salazar B, Siegrist M, Egle M, Barbieri M, Nimani S, Alerni N, Döring Y, Odening KE, Longnus S. Simultaneous assessment of mechanical and electrical function in Langendorff-perfused ex-vivo mouse hearts. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1293032. [PMID: 38028448 PMCID: PMC10663365 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1293032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The Langendorff-perfused ex-vivo isolated heart model has been extensively used to study cardiac function for many years. However, electrical and mechanical function are often studied separately-despite growing proof of a complex electro-mechanical interaction in cardiac physiology and pathology. Therefore, we developed an isolated mouse heart perfusion system that allows simultaneous recording of electrical and mechanical function. Methods Isolated mouse hearts were mounted on a Langendorff setup and electrical function was assessed via a pseudo-ECG and an octapolar catheter inserted in the right atrium and ventricle. Mechanical function was simultaneously assessed via a balloon inserted into the left ventricle coupled with pressure determination. Hearts were then submitted to an ischemia-reperfusion protocol. Results At baseline, heart rate, PR and QT intervals, intra-atrial and intra-ventricular conduction times, as well as ventricular effective refractory period, could be measured as parameters of cardiac electrical function. Left ventricular developed pressure (DP), left ventricular work (DP-heart rate product) and maximal velocities of contraction and relaxation were used to assess cardiac mechanical function. Cardiac arrhythmias were observed with episodes of bigeminy during which DP was significantly increased compared to that of sinus rhythm episodes. In addition, the extrasystole-triggered contraction was only 50% of that of sinus rhythm, recapitulating the "pulse deficit" phenomenon observed in bigeminy patients. After ischemia, the mechanical function significantly decreased and slowly recovered during reperfusion while most of the electrical parameters remained unchanged. Finally, the same electro-mechanical interaction during episodes of bigeminy at baseline was observed during reperfusion. Conclusion Our modified Langendorff setup allows simultaneous recording of electrical and mechanical function on a beat-to-beat scale and can be used to study electro-mechanical interaction in isolated mouse hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Louradour
- Department of Physiology, Translational Cardiology/Electrophysiology, Institute of Physiology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Rahel Ottersberg
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Adrian Segiser
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Agnieszka Olejnik
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Division of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Hematology, Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Berenice Martínez-Salazar
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Angiology, Swiss Cardiovascular Center, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Mark Siegrist
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Angiology, Swiss Cardiovascular Center, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Manuel Egle
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Miriam Barbieri
- Department of Physiology, Translational Cardiology/Electrophysiology, Institute of Physiology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Saranda Nimani
- Department of Physiology, Translational Cardiology/Electrophysiology, Institute of Physiology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nicolò Alerni
- Department of Physiology, Translational Cardiology/Electrophysiology, Institute of Physiology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Yvonne Döring
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Angiology, Swiss Cardiovascular Center, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich, Heart Alliance Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Katja E. Odening
- Department of Physiology, Translational Cardiology/Electrophysiology, Institute of Physiology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Cardiology, Translational Cardiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sarah Longnus
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Mehta AA, Patel P, Thakur VR, Beladiya JV. Effect of soya phosphatidylcholine and possible underlying mechanism on ischemia/reperfusion injury in isolated perfused rat heart: an experimental and computational study. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2022; 100:252-258. [PMID: 34990309 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2021-0056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to assess the effect of soya phosphatidylcholine (SPC) against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and the possible underlying mechanism using experimental and computational studies. I/R injury was induced by global ischemia for 30 min followed by reperfusion for 120 min. The perfusion of the SPC was performed for 10 min before inducing global ischemia. In the mechanistic study, the involvement of specific cellular pathways was identified using various inhibitors such as ATP-dependent potassium channel (KATP) inhibitor (glibenclamide), protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor (chelerythrine), non-selective nitric oxide synthase inhibitor (L-NAME), and endothelium remover (Triton X-100). The computational study of various ligands was performed on toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) protein using AutoDock version 4.0. SPC (100 μM) significantly decreased the levels of cardiac damage markers and %infarction compared with the vehicle control (VC). Furthermore, cardiodynamics (indices of left ventricular contraction (dp/dtmax), indices of left ventricular relaxation (dp/dtmin), coronary flow, and antioxidant enzyme levels were significantly improved as compared with VC. This protective effect was attenuated by glibenclamide, chelerythrine, and Triton X-100, but it was not attenuated by L-NAME. The computational study showed a significant bonding affinity of SPC to the TLR4-MD2 complex. Thus, SPC reduced myocardial I/R injury in isolated perfused rat hearts, which might be governed by the KATP channel, PKC, endothelium response, and TLR4-MyD88 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita A Mehta
- Department of Pharmacology, L.M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
- Department of Pharmacology, L.M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Purav Patel
- Department of Pharmacology, L.M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
- Department of Pharmacology, L.M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Vandana R Thakur
- Department of Pharmacology, L.M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
- Department of Pharmacology, L.M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Jayesh V Beladiya
- Department of Pharmacology, L.M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
- Department of Pharmacology, L.M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
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Tisdale JE, Jaynes HA, Overholser BR, Sowinski KM, Kovacs RJ. Progesterone pretreatment reduces the incidence of drug-induced torsades de pointes in atrioventricular node-ablated isolated perfused rabbit hearts. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2019; 30:941-949. [PMID: 31006943 DOI: 10.1111/jce.13942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Higher progesterone concentrations are protective against drug-induced prolongation of ventricular repolarization. We tested the hypothesis that pretreatment with progesterone reduces the incidence of drug-induced torsades de pointes (TdP). METHODS AND RESULTS Female New Zealand white rabbits (2.5-3.2 kg) underwent ovariectomy and were randomized to undergo implantation with subcutaneous 21-day sustained release pellets containing progesterone 50 mg (n = 22) or placebo (n = 23). After 20 days, hearts were excised, mounted, and perfused with modified Krebs-Henseleit solution. The atrioventricular (AV) node was destroyed manually. Following a 15-minute equilibration period, hearts were perfused with dofetilide 100 nM for 30 minutes, during which the electrocardiogram was recorded continuously. Incidences of spontaneous TdP, other ventricular arrhythmias and mean QTc intervals were compared. Median serum progesterone concentrations were higher in progesterone vs placebo-treated rabbits (3.8 [range, 2.8-5.1] vs 0.7 [0.4-1.7] ng/mL, P < 0.0001). Median serum estradiol concentrations were similar (58 [22-72] vs 53 [34-62] pg/mL), P = 0.79). The incidence of TdP was lower in hearts from progesterone-treated rabbits (27% vs 61%, P = 0.049). The incidences of bigeminy (36% vs 74%, P = 0.03) and trigeminy (18% vs 57%, P = 0.01) were also lower in hearts from progesterone-treated rabbits. There was no significant difference between groups in incidence of couplets (59% vs 74%, P = 0.54) or monomorphic ventricular tachycardia (14% vs 30%, P = 0.28). Maximum QT c interval and short-term beat-to-beat QT interval variability during dofetilide perfusion were significantly shorter in hearts from progesterone-treated rabbits. CONCLUSIONS Pretreatment with progesterone reduces the incidence of drug-induced TdP, bigeminy, and trigeminy in isolated perfused AV node-ablated rabbit hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- James E Tisdale
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Heather A Jaynes
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Brian R Overholser
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Kevin M Sowinski
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Richard J Kovacs
- Department of Medicine, Krannert Institute of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana
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Al-Ghazzawi AM, Abu Zarga MH, Abdalla SS. Chemical constituents of Fumaria densiflora and the effects of some isolated spirobenzylisoquinoline alkaloids on murine isolated ileum and perfused heart. Nat Prod Res 2019; 34:1180-1185. [PMID: 30773909 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2018.1550761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Twenty-two alkaloids, were isolated from Fumaria densiflora. Two of these alkaloids, N-methyl-5-hydroxystylopine chloride and fumaricine N-oxide, were isolated for the first time from natural sources. Parfumine and fumaritine, in concentrations ranging from 3 × 10-7 to 9 × 10-4 M, caused concentration-dependent relaxation of ileum longitudinal segment. Also, parfumine and fumaritine in concentrations ranging from 3 × 10-4 to 9 × 10-2 M, caused concentration - dependent decrease in heart rate of the isolated perfused heart. A concentration of parfumine of 3 × 10-2 M increased but a higher concentration (9 × 10-2 M) decreased the amplitude of contraction of the isolated perfused heart. On the other hand, fumaritine, in concentrations ranging from 3 × 10-4 to 3 × 10-2 M, caused concentration - dependent increase, but a higher concentration (9 × 10-2 M) caused a decrease in the amplitude of contraction of the isolated perfused heart.[Formula: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Musa H Abu Zarga
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Shtaywy S Abdalla
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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Hanif A, Edin ML, Zeldin DC, Morisseau C, Nayeem MA. Deletion of soluble epoxide hydrolase enhances coronary reactive hyperemia in isolated mouse heart: role of oxylipins and PPARγ. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2016; 311:R676-R688. [PMID: 27488890 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00237.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) and coronary reactive hyperemia (CRH) response to a brief ischemic insult is not known. Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) exert cardioprotective effects in ischemia/reperfusion injury. sEH converts EETs into dihydroxyeicosatrienoic-acids (DHETs). Therefore, we hypothesized that knocking out sEH enhances CRH through modulation of oxylipin profiles, including an increase in EET/DHET ratio. Compared with sEH+/+, sEH-/- mice showed enhanced CRH, including greater repayment volume (RV; 28% higher, P < 0.001) and repayment/debt ratio (32% higher, P < 0.001). Oxylipins from the heart perfusates were analyzed by LC-MS/MS. The 14,15-EET/14,15-DHET ratio was 3.7-fold higher at baseline (P < 0.001) and 5.6-fold higher post-ischemia (P < 0.001) in sEH-/- compared with sEH+/+ mice. Likewise, the baseline 9,10- and 12,13-EpOME/DiHOME ratios were 3.2-fold (P < 0.01) and 3.7-fold (P < 0.001) higher, respectively in sEH-/- compared with sEH+/+ mice. 13-HODE was also significantly increased at baseline by 71% (P < 0.01) in sEH-/- vs. sEH+/+ mice. Levels of 5-, 11-, 12-, and 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids were not significantly different between the two strains (P > 0.05), but were decreased postischemia in both groups (P = 0.02, P = 0.04, P = 0.05, P = 0.03, respectively). Modulation of CRH by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) was demonstrated using a PPARγ-antagonist (T0070907), which reduced repayment volume by 25% in sEH+/+ (P < 0.001) and 33% in sEH-/- mice (P < 0.01), and a PPARγ-agonist (rosiglitazone), which increased repayment volume by 37% in both sEH+/+ (P = 0.04) and sEH-/- mice (P = 0.04). l-NAME attenuated CRH in both sEH-/- and sEH+/+ These data demonstrate that genetic deletion of sEH resulted in an altered oxylipin profile, which may have led to an enhanced CRH response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Hanif
- Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Center for Basic and Translational Stroke Research, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - Matthew L Edin
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences/National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina; and
| | - Darryl C Zeldin
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences/National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina; and
| | | | - Mohammed A Nayeem
- Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Center for Basic and Translational Stroke Research, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia;
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Kilinç E, Kaygisiz Z, Benek BS, Gümüştekin K. Effects and mechanisms of curcumin on the hemodynamic variablesof isolated perfused rat hearts. Turk J Med Sci 2016; 46:166-73. [PMID: 27511351 DOI: 10.3906/sag-1410-131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM There is no information on the dose-response relationship of curcumin on the hemodynamic variables of the heart at the organ level in isolated perfused rat hearts. We aimed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of curcumin on the hemodynamic variables of isolated perfused rat hearts. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rats were randomly divided into 9 groups. The isolated rat heart was retrogradely perfused with modified Krebs-Henseleit solution. After the stabilization period, each group was administered one of the following treatments for 25 min: saline, dimethyl sulfoxide, and curcumin (0.2 µM, 1 µM, and 5 µM); atropine (1 µM); atropine (1 µM) + curcumin (1 µM); L-NAME (100 µM); or L-NAME (100 µM) + curcumin (1 µM). Hemodynamic variables of the heart were measured. RESULTS Curcumin at dose of 1 µM decreased the heart rate (from 271 ± 11.1 to 200.4 ± 14.3 beats/min, P = 0.011) but increased end-diastolic pressure (from 7.0 ± 0.4 to 54.6 ± 7.9 mmHg, P = 0.0008). A dose of 5 µM curcumin caused a decrease in the developed pressure (from 87.58 ± 9.0 to 65.40 ± 7.0 mmHg, P = 0.047) but an increase in the end-diastolic pressure (from 6.8 ± 0.6 to 48.9 ± 7.7 mmHg, P = 0.005). Atropine (1 µM) reversed the effects of curcumin on the heart. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that curcumin produces dose-dependent negative chronotropic and inotropic effects in isolated perfused rat hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erkan Kilinç
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Abant İzzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Ziya Kaygisiz
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Bedri Selim Benek
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Abant İzzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Kenan Gümüştekin
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Abant İzzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
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Bova S, Cargnelli G, D'Amato E, Forti S, Yang Q, Trevisi L, Debetto P, Cima L, Luciani S, Padrini R. Calcium-antagonist effects of norbormide on isolated perfused heart and cardiac myocytes of guinea-pig: a comparison with verapamil. Br J Pharmacol 1996; 120:19-24. [PMID: 9117093 PMCID: PMC1564351 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0700876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
1. Cardiac effects on norbormide and verapamil were compared in single ventricular myocytes, right atria, and Langendorff perfused hearts isolated from guinea-pigs. 2. In ventricular myocytes, norbormide 50 microM inhibited the peak calcium current (ICa) by 49.6 +/- 3.9% without altering the shape of the current-voltage relationship; verapamil 1 microM inhibited ICa by 83.2 +/- 3.3%. Neither norbormide nor verapamil affected ICa at the first beat after a 3 min quiescence period; during repeated depolarizations, both drugs cumulatively blocked ICa (use-dependence), with time constants of 23.0 +/- 7.0 s for norbormide and 91.3 +/- 8.4 s for verapamil. 3. In constant-flow perfused hearts electrically driven at 2.5 Hz or 3.3 Hz, both norbormide and verapamil concentration-dependently decreased ventricular contractility (dP/dtmax), atrio-ventricular (AV) conduction velocity and coronary pressure. Intraventricular conduction velocity was slightly decreased by norbormide but not by verapamil. At an equivalent change in AV conduction, norbormide depressed heart contractility less than verapamil. The effects of norbormide on AV conduction, intraventricular conduction, and contractility were frequency-dependent. Furthermore, the curves correlating the mechanical and electrical effects of norbormide at the two frequencies used were apparently coincident, while those of verapamil were clearly separated. 4. In spontaneously beating right atria, norbormide and verapamil decreased the frequency of sinus node (SA) in a concentration-dependent way. At an equivalent effect on the AV conduction, norbormide exerted a greater effect on sinus frequency than verapamil. 5. These results indicate that in guinea-pig heart norbormide has the pharmacological profile of a Ca-antagonist with strong electrophysiological properties. In comparison with verapamil, norbormide is more selective on SA and AV node tissues and exerts a weaker negative inotropic effect on ventricles. In principle, this pattern of effects may be an advantage in treating supraventricular tachyarrhythmias in patients with heart failure. The effect of norbormide on intraventricular conduction may represent an additional antiarrhythmic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bova
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Padova, Italy
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Abstract
Measurement of regional plasma flow is needed to quantitate the delivery of substrates and drugs to cells. For estimating regional plasma flows an ideal deposition marker should be 100% extracted during transorgan passage and retained until local tissue concentrations can be measured. To escape quickly, the tracer must penetrate capillary endothelial cells rapidly. To be retained, it must bind or be transformed or accumulated by cells. Desmethylimipramine (DMI, mol wt 266.3), a norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, is suitable. On injection of [3H]DMI and 131I-albumin simultaneously into the coronary artery inflow of isolated Ringer-perfused rabbit hearts at 37 degrees C, extractions were greater than 99% at plasma flows (Fs) up to 2.3 ml X g-1 X min-1 and greater than 94% with Fs up to 5.1. Retention at Fs less than 2.3 averaged 99.0 +/- 0.55% (SD, n = 6) at 0.5 min, 98.4 +/- 0.5% at 1 min, and 96.6 +/- 1.1% or greater than 95% at 3 min. Retentions were similar in two dog hearts in situ. With Fs greater than 3 ml X g-1 X min-1, there was greater escape, 4.2 +/- 2.7% at 1 min and 6.8 +/- 4.2% at 3 min. The fractional escape rates of loss at 2 min or more were about 1%/min at all flows, suggesting that the spatial profiles of deposition did not change thereafter. Thus DMI is nearly ideal as a "molecular microsphere."
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