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Champlin LK, Woolfolk A, Oczkowski AJ, Rittenhouse A, Gray AB, Wasson K, Rahman FI, Zelanko P, Krupinski NBQ, Jeppesen R, Haskins J, Watson EB. Use of historical isoscapes to develop an estuarine nutrient baseline. Front Mar Sci 2023; 10:1-1257015. [PMID: 37822682 PMCID: PMC10563801 DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2023.1257015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Coastal eutrophication is a prevalent threat to the healthy functioning of ecosystems globally. While degraded water quality can be detected by monitoring oxygen, nutrient concentrations, and algal abundance, establishing regulatory guidelines is complicated by a lack of baseline data (e.g., pre-Anthropocene). We use historical carbon and nitrogen isoscapes over ~300 years from sediment cores to reconstruct spatial and temporal changes in nutrient dynamics for a central California estuary, Elkhorn Slough, where development and agriculture dramatically enhanced nutrient inputs over the past century. We found strong contrasts between current sediment stable isotopes and those from the recent past, demonstrating shifts exceeding those in previously studied eutrophic estuaries and substantial increases in nutrient inputs. Comparisons of contemporary with historical isoscapes also revealed that nitrogen sources shifted from a historical marine-terrestrial gradient with higher δ15N near the inlet to amplified denitrification at the head and mouth of the modern estuary driven by increased N inputs. Geospatial analysis of historical data suggests that an increase in fertilizer application - rather than population growth or increases in the extent of cultivated land - is chiefly responsible for increasing nutrient loads during the 20th century. This study demonstrates the ability of isotopic and stoichiometric maps to provide important perspectives on long-term shifts and spatial patterns of nutrients that can be used to improve management of nutrient pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena K. Champlin
- Department of Biodiversity, Earth & Environmental Sciences and the Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Andrea Woolfolk
- Elkhorn Slough National Estuarine Research Reserve, Royal Oaks, CA, United States
| | - Autumn J. Oczkowski
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Atlantic Ecology Division, Narragansett, RI, United States
| | - Audrey Rittenhouse
- Department of Biodiversity, Earth & Environmental Sciences and the Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Andrew B. Gray
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States
| | - Kerstin Wasson
- Elkhorn Slough National Estuarine Research Reserve, Royal Oaks, CA, United States
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, United States
| | - Farzana I. Rahman
- Department of Biodiversity, Earth & Environmental Sciences and the Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Paula Zelanko
- Department of Biodiversity, Earth & Environmental Sciences and the Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | | | - Rikke Jeppesen
- Elkhorn Slough National Estuarine Research Reserve, Royal Oaks, CA, United States
| | - John Haskins
- Elkhorn Slough National Estuarine Research Reserve, Royal Oaks, CA, United States
| | - Elizabeth B. Watson
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
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Briones-Hernández SA, Jakes-Cota U, Elorriaga-Verplancken FR, Galván-Magaña F, Logan JM, O'Sullivan J, Carvajal-Rodríguez JM, Elias E, Alfaro-Shigueto J, Ortega-García S. Movement and population dispersal of dolphinfish (Coryphaena hippurus) across the Eastern Tropical Pacific inferred from carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analyses. J Fish Biol 2023; 103:544-556. [PMID: 37212715 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The dolphinfish (Coryphaena hippurus) is a globally distributed marine predator that supports one of the most important coastal fisheries along the Eastern Tropical Pacific (ETP), but its spatial movements in this area are poorly understood. Stable isotope values (δ13 C and δ15 N) of white muscle from dolphinfish (n = 220) captured at different locations across the ETP (i.e., Mexico, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Peru and oceanic areas) were normalized to copepod baseline stable isotope values to estimate dolphinfish trophic position, movements and population dispersal. Movement or residence patterns were inferred from the difference in δ15 N values (Δ15 Ndolphinfish-copepod ‰) between copepods and dolphinfish muscle. Baseline corrected isotope values (δ13 Cdolphinfish-copepod and δ15 Ndolphinfish-copepod ) of dolphinfish muscle were used to estimate isotopic niche metrics and infer population dispersal across isoscapes. Values of δ13 C and δ15 N differed between juvenile and adult dolphinfish and across the ETP. Trophic position estimates ranged from 3.1 to 6.0 with a mean of 4.6. Adults and juveniles had similar trophic position estimates, whereas isotopic niche areas (SEA ‰2 ) of adults were greater relative to juveniles in every location. Adult dolphinfish showed "moderate movement by some individuals" in all locations based on Δ15 Ndolphinfish-copepod values, except for Costa Rica where adults were classified with "high degree of movement by some individuals" whereas juveniles showed "limited movement" in all areas except Mexico. Population dispersal based on Δ15 Ndolphinfish-copepod values showed "moderate" and "high" dispersal for adults and "no dispersal" for most juveniles, except for Mexico. This study provides insight into potential dolphinfish spatial mobility across an area of interest for multiple nations, which can help to improve stock assessments and management of the species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ulianov Jakes-Cota
- Departamento de Pesquerías y Biología Marina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional - CICIMAR, La Paz, Mexico
| | | | - Felipe Galván-Magaña
- Departamento de Pesquerías y Biología Marina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional - CICIMAR, La Paz, Mexico
| | - John M Logan
- Massachusetts Division of Marine Fisheries, New Bedford, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | | | - Esteban Elias
- Instituto Público de Investigación de Acuicultura y Pesca, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | | | - Sofía Ortega-García
- Departamento de Pesquerías y Biología Marina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional - CICIMAR, La Paz, Mexico
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Freistetter NC, Simmons GS, Wu Y, Finger DC, Hood-Nowotny R. Tracking global invasion pathways of the spongy moth (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) to the United States using stable isotopes as endogenous biomarkers. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e9092. [PMID: 35845358 PMCID: PMC9277613 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The spread of invasive insect species causes enormous ecological damage and economic losses worldwide. A reliable method that tracks back an invaded insect's origin would be of great use to entomologists, phytopathologists, and pest managers. The spongy moth (Lymantria dispar, Linnaeus 1758) is a persistent invasive pest in the Northeastern United States and periodically causes major defoliations in temperate forests. We analyzed field‐captured (Europe, Asia, United States) and laboratory‐reared L. dispar specimens for their natal isotopic hydrogen and nitrogen signatures imprinted in their biological tissues (δ2H and δ15N) and compared these values to the long‐term mean δ2H of regional precipitation (Global Network of Isotopes in Precipitation) and δ15N of regional plants at the capture site. We established the percentage of hydrogen–deuterium exchange for L. dispar tissue (Pex = 8.2%) using the comparative equilibration method and two‐source mixing models, which allowed the extraction of the moth's natal δ2H value. We confirmed that the natal δ2H and δ15N values of our specimens are related to the environmental signatures at their geographic origins. With our regression models, we were able to isolate potentially invasive individuals and give estimations of their geographic origin. To enable the application of these methods on eggs, we established an egg‐to‐adult fraction factor for L. dispar (Δegg‐adult = 16.3 ± 4.3‰). Our models suggested that around 25% of the field‐captured spongy moths worldwide were not native in the investigated capture sites. East Asia was the most frequently identified location of probable origin. Furthermore, our data suggested that eggs found on cargo ships in the United States harbors in Alaska, California, and Louisiana most probably originated from Asian L. dispar in East Russia. These findings show that stable isotope biomarkers give a unique insight into invasive insect species pathways, and thus, can be an effective tool to monitor the spread of insect pest epidemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine-Cyra Freistetter
- Institute of Soil Research, Department of Forest- and Soil Sciences University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Tulln Austria.,Department of Engineering Reykjavik University Reykjavík Iceland.,Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI) Climate Systems Unit Dynamicum Kumpula Finland
| | - Gregory S Simmons
- Otis Laboratory and Salinas Station, United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Science and Technology Buzzards Bay/Salinas MA/CA USA
| | - Yunke Wu
- Otis Laboratory and Salinas Station, United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Science and Technology Buzzards Bay/Salinas MA/CA USA
| | - David C Finger
- Department of Engineering Reykjavik University Reykjavík Iceland.,Sustainability Institute and Forum (SIF) Reykjavik University Reykjavík Iceland
| | - Rebecca Hood-Nowotny
- Institute of Soil Research, Department of Forest- and Soil Sciences University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Tulln Austria
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McGill L, Steel E, Brooks J, Edwards R, Fullerton A. Elevation and spatial structure explain most surface-water isotopic variation across five Pacific Coast basins. J Hydrol (Amst) 2020; 583:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2020.124610. [PMID: 33746290 PMCID: PMC7970517 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2020.124610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The stable isotope ratios of stream water can be used to trace water sources within river basins; however, drivers of variation in water isotopic spatial patterns across basins must be understood before ecologically relevant and isotopically distinct water sources can be identified and this tool efficiently applied. We measured the isotope ratios of surface-water samples collected during summer low-flow across five basins in Washington and southeast Alaska (Snoqualmie, Green, Skagit, and Wenatchee Rivers, and Cowee Creek) and compared models (isoscapes) describing the spatial variation in surface-water isotope ratios across a range of hydraulic and climatic conditions. We found strong correlations between mean watershed (MWE) elevation and surface-water isotopic ratios on the windward west side of the Cascades and in Alaska, explaining 48-90% of variation in δ18O values. Conversely, in the Wenatchee basin, located leeward of the Cascade Range, MWE alone had no predicative power. The elevation relationship and predictive isoscapes varied between basins, even those adjacent to each other. Applying spatial stream network models (SSNMs) to the Snoqualmie and Wenatchee Rivers, we found incorporating Euclidean and flow-connected spatial autocovariance improved explanatory power. SSNMs improved the accuracy of river water isoscapes in all cases; however, their utility was greater for the Wenatchee basin, where covariates explained only a small proportion of total variation. Our study provides insights into why basinscale surface-water isoscapes may vary even in adjacent basins and the importance of incorporating spatial autocorrelation in isoscapes. For determining source water contributions to downstream waters, our results indicate that surface water isoscapes should be developed for each basin of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- L.M. McGill
- Quantitative Ecology and Resource Management, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - E.A. Steel
- Pacific Northwest Research Station, USDA Forest Service, 400 NW 34th Street, Suite 201, Seattle, WA 98103, USA
| | - J.R. Brooks
- Western Ecology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 200 SW 35th Street, Corvallis, Oregon 97333, USA
| | - R.T Edwards
- Pacific Northwest Research Station, USDA Forest Service, 11175 Auke Lake Way, Juneau, AK 99801, USA
| | - A.H. Fullerton
- Fish Ecology Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112, USA
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Alegria C, Antunes C, Giovanetti M, Abreu M, Máguas C. Acorn Isotopic Composition: A New Promising Tool for Authenticity Maps of Montado's High-Value Food Products. Molecules 2020; 25:E1535. [PMID: 32230969 PMCID: PMC7181146 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25071535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
It is often overlooked that even food production is linked to the ecology of plants and animals. Living organisms respond to environmental short-and long-term variability: acknowledging this may help in the ultimate goal of valorizing a territory/product. We investigated acorns of the two main Quercus species of the Portuguese Montado, a main feed of the renown black Iberian pig. We tested their responses to an aridity gradient by morphological parameters and isotopic signature. Q. rotundifolia and Q. suber acorns did not differ morphologically, even if a higher variability in all parameters was observed in acorns of Q. suber. According to the site-specific Aridity Index, correlations are indicative to higher weight and length only in Q. suber acorns from more arid sites. As for isotopic composition, there were no differences in nitrogen or carbon (δ15N and δ13C) between the two species. However, combining the samples and testing for association with the Aridity Index, we found that more arid sites lead to a 15N enrichment. This result, combined with the positive correlation between AI and acorns length, support the use of acorns as a tool, their isoscapes of nitrogen being a stepping stone for the provenance of the black Iberian pig.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Alegria
- cE3c—Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal; (C.A.); (M.G.)
- Unidade Tecnologia e Inovação, Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, I.P. Av. da República, Quinta do Marquês, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal;
| | - Cristina Antunes
- cE3c—Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal; (C.A.); (M.G.)
| | - Manuela Giovanetti
- cE3c—Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal; (C.A.); (M.G.)
- CREA—Research Centre for Agriculture and Environment, Via di Saliceto 80, 40128 Bologna, Italy
| | - Marta Abreu
- Unidade Tecnologia e Inovação, Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, I.P. Av. da República, Quinta do Marquês, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal;
- LEAF—Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Cristina Máguas
- cE3c—Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal; (C.A.); (M.G.)
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Eglite E, Graeve M, Dutz J, Wodarg D, Liskow I, Schulz‐Bull D, Loick‐Wilde N. Metabolism and foraging strategies of mid-latitude mesozooplankton during cyanobacterial blooms as revealed by fatty acids, amino acids, and their stable carbon isotopes. Ecol Evol 2019; 9:9916-9934. [PMID: 31534704 PMCID: PMC6745671 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.5533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing sea surface temperatures (SST) and blooms of lipid-poor, filamentous cyanobacteria can change mesozooplankton metabolism and foraging strategies in marine systems. Lipid shortage and imbalanced diet may challenge the build-up of energy pools of lipids and proteins, and access to essential fatty acids (FAs) and amino acids (AAs) by copepods. The impact of cyanobacterial blooms on individual energy pools was assessed for key species temperate Temora longicornis and boreal Pseudo-/Paracalanus spp. that dominated field mesozooplankton communities isolated by seasonal stratification in the central Baltic Sea during the hot and the cold summer. We looked at (a) total lipid and protein levels, (b) FA trophic markers and AA composition, and (c) compound-specific stable carbon isotopes (δ13C) in bulk mesozooplankton and in a subset of parameters in particulate organic matter. Despite lipid-poor cyanobacterial blooms, the key species were largely able to cover both energy pools, yet a tendency of lipid reduction was observed in surface animals. Omni- and carnivory feeding modes, FA trophic makers, and δ13C patterns in essential compounds emphasized that cyanobacterial FAs and AAs have been incorporated into mesozooplankton mainly via feeding on mixo- and heterotrophic (dino-) flagellates and detrital complexes during summer. Foraging for essential highly unsaturated FAs from (dino-) flagellates may have caused night migration of Pseudo-/Paracalanus spp. from the deep subhalocline waters into the upper waters. Only in the hot summer (SST>19.0°C) was T. longicornis submerged in the colder subthermocline water (~4°C). Thus, the continuous warming trend and simultaneous feeding can eventually lead to competition on the preferred diet by key copepod species below the thermocline in stratified systems. A comparison of δ13C patterns of essential AAs in surface mesozooplankton across sub-basins of low and high cyanobacterial biomasses revealed the potential of δ13C-AA isoscapes for studies of commercial fish feeding trails across the Baltic Sea food webs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvita Eglite
- Department of Biological OceanographyLeibniz‐Institute for Baltic Sea Research WarnemuendeRostockGermany
| | - Martin Graeve
- Department of Marine ChemistryAlfred Wegener InstituteHelmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine ResearchBremerhavenGermany
| | - Jörg Dutz
- Department of Biological OceanographyLeibniz‐Institute for Baltic Sea Research WarnemuendeRostockGermany
| | - Dirk Wodarg
- Department of Marine ChemistryLeibniz‐Institute for Baltic Sea Research WarnemuendeRostockGermany
| | - Iris Liskow
- Department of Biological OceanographyLeibniz‐Institute for Baltic Sea Research WarnemuendeRostockGermany
| | - Detlef Schulz‐Bull
- Department of Marine ChemistryLeibniz‐Institute for Baltic Sea Research WarnemuendeRostockGermany
| | - Natalie Loick‐Wilde
- Department of Biological OceanographyLeibniz‐Institute for Baltic Sea Research WarnemuendeRostockGermany
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Hoogewerff J, Kemp HF, Leng MJ, Meier-Augenstein W. Spatial variability of 2H and 18O composition of meteoric freshwater lakes in Scotland. Isotopes Environ Health Stud 2019; 55:237-253. [PMID: 31037963 DOI: 10.1080/10256016.2019.1609958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Coastal regions, and in particular islands where precipitation from clouds formed out at sea occurs for the first time, are prime candidates for regions where 2H and 18O composition of precipitation will deviate significantly from the global mean geographic and physiographic trends of vapour-transport patterns. The results reported here are the outcome of a study that aimed to test this hypothesis by 'isotopographically' mapping the characteristic δ2H and δ18O signatures of Scottish freshwaters. The resulting isotope abundance landscapes or 'isoscapes' will underpin studies aiming to authenticate origin of Scottish produce but may also offer a baseline against which environmental changes could be assessed. Between April 2011 and May 2012 freshwater samples were collected from 127 different freshwater lochs and reservoirs across Scotland, and analysis results were compared to precipitation data provided by the British Geological Survey. Here we present the results of the 2H and 18O analyses of these water samples as well as the first detailed Scotland freshwater isoscapes with a grid resolution of about 5 × 5 km (0.05 degrees).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jurian Hoogewerff
- a Faculty of Science & Technology , University of Canberra , Bruce , Australia
| | - Helen F Kemp
- b Stable Isotope Laboratory , James Hutton Institute , Dundee , UK
| | - Melanie J Leng
- c NERC Isotope Geosciences Facilities , British Geological Survey , Keyworth , UK
- d Centre for Environmental Geochemistry, School of Biosciences , University of Nottingham , Loughborough , UK
| | - Wolfram Meier-Augenstein
- b Stable Isotope Laboratory , James Hutton Institute , Dundee , UK
- e School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences , Robert Gordon University , Aberdeen
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Abstract
Isotope analysis has become an increasingly valuable tool in forensic anthropology casework over the past decade. Modern-day isotopic investigations on human remains have integrated the use of multi-isotope profiles (e.g. C, N, O, H, S, Sr, and Pb) as well as isotopic landscapes (“isoscapes”) from multiple body tissues (e.g. teeth, bone, hair, and nails) to predict possible region-of-origin of unidentified human remains. Together, data from various isotope analyses provide additional lines of evidence for human identification, including a decedent’s possible region-of-birth, long-term adult residence, recent travel history, and dietary choices. Here, we present the basic principles of isotope analysis and provide a brief overview of instrumentation, analytical standards, sample selection, and sample quality measures. Finally, we present case studies that reflect the diverse applications of isotope analysis to the medicolegal system before describing some future research directions. As shown herein, isotope analysis is a flexible and powerful geolocation tool that can provide new investigative leads for unidentified human remains cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric J Bartelink
- Department of Anthropology, California State University, Chico, CA, USA
| | - Lesley A Chesson
- Contractor at Defense POW/MIA Accounting Agency (DPAA) Laboratory, Pacific Architects and Engineers (PAE), HI, USA
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Stefanescu C, Soto DX, Talavera G, Vila R, Hobson KA. Long-distance autumn migration across the Sahara by painted lady butterflies: exploiting resource pulses in the tropical savannah. Biol Lett 2017; 12:rsbl.2016.0561. [PMID: 27703055 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2016.0561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The painted lady, Vanessa cardui, is a migratory butterfly that performs an annual multi-generational migration between Europe and North Africa. Its seasonal appearance south of the Sahara in autumn is well known and has led to the suggestion that it results from extremely long migratory flights by European butterflies to seasonally exploit the Sahel and the tropical savannah. However, this possibility has remained unproven. Here, we analyse the isotopic composition of butterflies from seven European and seven African countries to provide new support for this hypothesis. Each individual was assigned a geographical natal origin, based on its wing stable hydrogen isotope (δ2Hw) value and a predicted δ2Hw basemap for Europe and northern Africa. Natal assignments of autumn migrants collected south of the Sahara confirmed long-distance movements (of 4000 km or more) starting in Europe. Samples from Maghreb revealed a mixed origin of migrants, with most individuals with a European origin, but others having originated in the Sahel. Therefore, autumn movements are not only directed to northwestern Africa, but also include southward and northward flights across the Sahara. Through this remarkable behaviour, the productive but highly seasonal region south of the Sahara is incorporated into the migratory circuit of V. cardui.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantí Stefanescu
- Natural History Museum of Granollers, Francesc Macià, 51, 08402 Granollers, Spain CREAF, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - David X Soto
- Environment Canada, 11 Innovation Boulevard, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 3H5
| | - Gerard Talavera
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta, 37, 08003 Barcelona, Spain Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Roger Vila
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta, 37, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Keith A Hobson
- Environment Canada, 11 Innovation Boulevard, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 3H5 Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B7
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Warner MM, Plemons AM, Herrmann NP, Regan LA. Refining Stable Oxygen and Hydrogen Isoscapes for the Identification of Human Remains in Mississippi. J Forensic Sci 2017; 63:395-402. [PMID: 28664651 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.13575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Isoscape refinement is an essential component for accurately predicting region-of-origin in forensic investigations involving isotope analysis of unidentified human remains. Stable oxygen (δ18 O) and hydrogen (δ2 H) isotopes were measured from 57 tap water samples collected across Mississippi to model refined isoscapes for the state. A tap water conversion equation, δ18 Otw =1.64 δ18 Op-31.35, was developed for the southeastern USA to test the prediction accuracy of the δ18 Otw isoscape using individuals with known residential histories. A local Mississippi resident (USAFA-134) was assigned with 90% probability to the correct region-of-origin reported by the participant. Assignments for Georgia residents (USAFA-118 and USAFA-205) had variable results, predicting USAFA-118 from Mississippi and USAFA-205 as a nonlocal resident. Stable isotope values often overlap geographically and a multi-isotope approach should be used when narrowing region(s)-of-origin(s). This study demonstrates the utility of refining isoscapes and the importance of tissue calibration in prediction assignments of human remains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica M Warner
- Tennessee Valley Archaeological Research, 2119 Metro Circle SW, Suite B, Huntsville, AL, 35801
| | - Amber M Plemons
- Department of Anthropology, Michigan State University, 655 Auditorium Drive, East Lansing, MI, 48824
| | - Nicholas P Herrmann
- Department of Anthropology, Texas State University, 601 University Drive, San Marcos, TX, 78666
| | - Laura A Regan
- US Department of Defense, 1920 Defense Pentagon, Room 3A932, Washington, DC, 20301
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Villegas M, Newsome SD, Blake JG. Seasonal patterns in δ 2 H values of multiple tissues from Andean birds provide insights into elevational migration. Ecol Appl 2016; 26:2381-2387. [PMID: 27907263 DOI: 10.1002/eap.1456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2016] [Revised: 09/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Elevational migration is a widespread phenomenon in tropical avifauna but it is difficult to identify using traditional approaches. Hydrogen isotope (δ2 H) values of precipitation decrease with elevation so δ2 H analysis of multiple bird tissues with different isotopic incorporation rates may be a reliable method for characterizing seasonal elevational migration. Here we compare δ2 H values in metabolically inert (feathers and claws) and metabolically active (whole blood) tissues to examine whether an upslope migration occurs prior to the breeding season in the Yungas Manakin (Chiroxiphia boliviana). We compare results from C. boliviana with data from a known elevational migrant, the Streak-necked Flycatcher (Mionectes striaticollis). Opposite to our expectations, tissue δ2 H values increased over time, largely reflecting seasonal patterns in precipitation δ2 H rather than elevational effects; linear mixed-effects models with strongest support included ordinal date, tissue type, and elevation. This seasonal increase in precipitation δ2 H is a general phenomenon in both tropical and temperate mountain ranges. We use these data to propose a hypothetical framework that predicts different patterns in tissue δ2 H values collected in different seasons from residents and elevational migrants. This framework can serve as a reference for future studies that assess elevational migration in birds and other animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Villegas
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - Seth D Newsome
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - John G Blake
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
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Baisden WT, Keller ED, Van Hale R, Frew RD, Wassenaar LI. Precipitation isoscapes for New Zealand: enhanced temporal detail using precipitation-weighted daily climatology. Isotopes Environ Health Stud 2016; 52:343-352. [PMID: 27007914 DOI: 10.1080/10256016.2016.1153472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Predictive understanding of precipitation δ(2)H and δ(18)O in New Zealand faces unique challenges, including high spatial variability in precipitation amounts, alternation between subtropical and sub-Antarctic precipitation sources, and a compressed latitudinal range of 34 to 47 °S. To map the precipitation isotope ratios across New Zealand, three years of integrated monthly precipitation samples were acquired from >50 stations. Conventional mean-annual precipitation δ(2)H and δ(18)O maps were produced by regressions using geographic and annual climate variables. Incomplete data and short-term variation in climate and precipitation sources limited the utility of this approach. We overcome these difficulties by calculating precipitation-weighted monthly climate parameters using national 5-km-gridded daily climate data. This data plus geographic variables were regressed to predict δ(2)H, δ(18)O, and d-excess at all sites. The procedure yields statistically-valid predictions of the isotope composition of precipitation (long-term average root mean square error (RMSE) for δ(18)O = 0.6 ‰; δ(2)H = 5.5 ‰); and monthly RMSE δ(18)O = 1.9 ‰, δ(2)H = 16 ‰. This approach has substantial benefits for studies that require the isotope composition of precipitation during specific time intervals, and may be further improved by comparison to daily and event-based precipitation samples as well as the use of back-trajectory calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Troy Baisden
- a National Isotope Centre , GNS Science , Lower Hutt , New Zealand
| | | | - Robert Van Hale
- b Department of Chemistry , Otago University , Dunedin , New Zealand
| | - Russell D Frew
- b Department of Chemistry , Otago University , Dunedin , New Zealand
| | - Leonard I Wassenaar
- c Isotope Hydrology Laboratory , International Atomic Energy Agency , Vienna , Austria
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13
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Hobson KA, Koehler G. On the use of stable oxygen isotope (δ (18)O) measurements for tracking avian movements in North America. Ecol Evol 2015; 5:799-806. [PMID: 25691999 PMCID: PMC4328780 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.1383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Revised: 12/06/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Tracking migratory animals has benefitted using measurements of naturally occurring stable isotopes of hydrogen (δ (2)H) in keratinous tissues such as hair and feathers to link animal origins to continental patterns or isoscapes of δ (2)H in precipitation. However, for most taxa, much less information exists on the use of stable oxygen isotope ratios (δ (18)O) despite the fact that δ (2)H and δ (18)O are strongly linked in environmental waters through the meteoric relationship and the possibility of using both isotopes to infer greater information on origins and climatic conditions where tissues are grown. A fundamental requirement of using stable isotopes to assign individuals and populations to origins is the development of a rescaling function linking environmental food web signals to the tissue of interest and for birds, this has not been carried out. Here, we derived the relationship between H and O isotopes in known source feathers of 104 individuals representing 11 species of insectivorous passerines sampled across the strong precipitation isoscape of North America. We determined again a strong expected relationship between feather δ (2)H (δ (2)Hf) and long-term amount-weighted precipitation δ (2)H (δ (2)Hp; r (2) = 0.77), but the corresponding relationship between δ (18)Of and δ (18)Op was poor (r (2) = 0.32) for the same samples. This suggests that δ (2)H measurements are currently more useful for assignment of insectivorous songbirds to precipitation isoscapes but does not preclude other uses of the δ (18)Of data. Currently, mechanisms responsible for the decoupling of H and O isotopes in food webs is poorly known, and we advocate a much broader sampling of both isotopes in the same keratinous tissues across precipitation isotope gradients and across taxa to resolve this issue and to increase the power of using water isotopes to track migratory animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith A Hobson
- Environment Canada 11 Innovation Blvd., Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada, S7N 3H5
| | - Geoff Koehler
- Environment Canada 11 Innovation Blvd., Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada, S7N 3H5
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14
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Warne RW, Proudfoot GA, Crespi EJ. Biomarkers of animal health: integrating nutritional ecology, endocrine ecophysiology, ecoimmunology, and geospatial ecology. Ecol Evol 2015; 5:557-66. [PMID: 25691980 PMCID: PMC4328761 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.1360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Diverse biomarkers including stable isotope, hormonal, and ecoimmunological assays are powerful tools to assess animal condition. However, an integrative approach is necessary to provide the context essential to understanding how biomarkers reveal animal health in varied ecological conditions. A barrier to such integration is a general lack of awareness of how shared extraction methods from across fields can provide material from the same animal tissues for diverse biomarker assays. In addition, the use of shared methods for extracting differing tissue fractions can also provide biomarkers for how animal health varies across time. Specifically, no study has explicitly illustrated the depth and breadth of spacial and temporal information that can be derived from coupled biomarker assessments on two easily collected tissues: blood and feathers or hair. This study used integrated measures of glucocorticoids, stable isotopes, and parasite loads in the feathers and blood of fall-migrating Northern saw-whet owls (Aegolius acadicus) to illustrate the wealth of knowledge about animal health and ecology across both time and space. In feathers, we assayed deuterium (δD) isotope and corticosterone (CORT) profiles, while in blood we measured CORT and blood parasite levels. We found that while earlier migrating owls had elevated CORT levels relative to later migrating birds, there was also a disassociation between plasma and feather CORT, and blood parasite loads. These results demonstrate how these tissues integrate time periods from weeks to seasons and reflect energetic demands during differing life stages. Taken together, these findings illustrate the potential for integrating diverse biomarkers to assess interactions between environmental factors and animal health across varied time periods without the necessity of continually recapturing and tracking individuals. Combining biomarkers from diverse research fields into an integrated framework hold great promise for advancing our understanding of environmental effects on animal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin W Warne
- Department of Biology, Vassar College 124 Raymond Ave, Poughkeepsie, New York, 12604
| | - Glenn A Proudfoot
- Department of Biology, Vassar College 124 Raymond Ave, Poughkeepsie, New York, 12604
| | - Erica J Crespi
- Department of Biology, Vassar College 124 Raymond Ave, Poughkeepsie, New York, 12604
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Song BY, Ryu JS, Shin HS, Lee KS. Determination of the source of bioavailable Sr using ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr tracers: a case study of hot pepper and rice. J Agric Food Chem 2014; 62:9232-9238. [PMID: 25186083 DOI: 10.1021/jf503498r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The geographical origin of agricultural products has been intensively studied, but links between agricultural products and the environments are poorly established. Soils, water (streamwater and groundwater), and plants (hot pepper, Capsicum annuum; and rice, Oryza sativa) were collected from all regions of South Korea and measured Sr isotope ratios ((87)Sr/(86)Sr). Sequential leaching of soil showed that Sr in the exchangeable and carbonate fractions (bioavailable) had a lower (87)Sr/(86)Sr ratio than that in the silicate fraction, consistent with a low (87)Sr/(86)Sr ratio in the plant. Although the bedrock-soil-water-plant system is closely linked, statistical analysis indicated that (87)Sr/(86)Sr ratios of the plant showed the greatest agreement with those of water and the exchangeable fraction of soil. This study is the first report of (87)Sr/(86)Sr isoscapes in South Korea and first demonstrates that the agricultural product is strongly linked with the exchangeable fraction of soil and water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byeong-Yeol Song
- Division of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Korea Basic Science Institute , Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea
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