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Sousa ÁFL, Lima SVMA, Ribeiro CJN, de Sousa AR, Camargo ELS, de Oliveira LB, Neto JC, Fronteira I, Mendes IAC. Pre-exposure prophylaxis among Brazilian men who have sex with men: a comparative study between migrants and non-migrants. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1198339. [PMID: 37663850 PMCID: PMC10469671 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1198339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Investigating the use and adherence to pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in MSM is a global health priority in the fight against HIV. Strategies must be capable of increasing usage and reaching not only the population living in the country but also those who immigrate, who face additional vulnerabilities. Based on this, in this observational, cross-sectional, and analytical study, our aim is to analyze the use of PrEP among Brazilian men who have sex with men, whether they are migrants or not. We aim to highlight preventive opportunities and strategies for the global health scenario. Methods We utilized a sample of Brazilians living in the country and Brazilian immigrants residing in Portugal, one of the main destinations for Brazilians in recent years. To estimate the prevalence ratio (PR) of PrEP use, we employed the Poisson regression model with robust variance estimation using a covariance matrix. Results A total of 1,117 Brazilian MSM PrEP users participated in this study, with 788 residing in Brazil and 328 in Portugal. Multivariate analysis was conducted in three stages: overall, and for subgroups of residents in Brazil and immigrants in Portugal. We identified four convergent factors that increased the prevalence of PrEP use in Brazilians regardless of migration status: having two or more casual sexual partners per month, engaging in challenging sexual practices as the receptive partner, disclosing serological status on apps, and being single. Among native Brazilians, four unique factors stood out: being in a polyamorous relationship, having sexual relations with unknown casual partners, and having higher levels of education. Discussion This study highlights the need to implement strategies to strengthen PrEP adherence in Brazil and create international programs that facilitate its usage among populations migrating between these two countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Francisco Lopes Sousa
- Hospital Sírio-Libânes, Instituto de Ensino e Pesquisa, São Paulo, Brazil
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Shirley Verônica Melo Almeida Lima
- Collective Health Research Center, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Lagarto, Sergipe, Brazil
- Nursing Graduate Program, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | | | - Anderson Reis de Sousa
- Graduate Program in Nursing and Health of the Nursing School, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | - Layze Braz de Oliveira
- Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Cruz Neto
- University for International Integration of the Afro-Brazilian Lusophony, Redenção, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Inês Fronteira
- Public Health Research Centre, Comprehensive Health Research Center, National School of Public Health, New University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
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Osei-Yeboah J, Moll van Charante EP, Kengne AP, Owusu-Dabo E, van den Born BJH, Galenkamp-van der Ploeg H, Chilunga FP, Boateng D, Motazedi E, Agyemang C. Cardiovascular Risk Estimation Based on Country-of-Birth- and Country-of-Residence-Specific Scores among Migrants in the Netherlands: The HELIUS Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:5148. [PMID: 36982057 PMCID: PMC10048928 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20065148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regional and country-specific cardiovascular risk algorithms have been developed to improve CVD risk prediction. But it is unclear whether migrants' country-of-residence or country-of-birth algorithms agree in stratifying the CVD risk of these populations. We evaluated the risk stratification by the different algorithms, by comparing migrant country-of-residence-specific scores to migrant country-of-birth-specific scores for ethnic minority populations in the Netherlands. METHOD data from the HELIUS study was used in estimating the CVD risk scores for participants using five laboratory-based (Framingham, Globorisk, Pool Cohort Equation II, SCORE II, and WHO II) and three nonlaboratory-based (Framingham, Globorisk, and WHO II) risk scores with the risk chart for the Netherlands. For the Globorisk, WHO II, and SCORE II risk scores, we also computed the risk scores using risk charts specified for the migrant home country. Risk categorization was first done according to the specification of the risk algorithm and then simplified to low (green), moderate (yellow and orange), and high risk (red). RESULTS we observed differences in risk categorization for different risk algorithms ranging from 0% (Globorisk) to 13% (Framingham) for the high-risk category, as well as differences in the country-of-residence- and country-of-birth-specific scores. Agreement between different scores ranged from none to moderate. We observed a moderate agreement between the Netherlands-specific SCORE II and the country-of-birth SCORE II for the Turkish and a nonagreement for the Dutch Moroccan population. CONCLUSION disparities exist in the use of the country-of-residence-specific, as compared to the country-of-birth, risk algorithms among ethnic minorities living in the Netherlands. Hence, there is a need for further validation of country-of-residence- and country-of-birth-adjusted scores to ascertain appropriateness and reliability.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Osei-Yeboah
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1012 WX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Global and International Health, School of Public Health, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, PMB KNUST, Kumasi GPS AK-448-4944, Ghana
| | - Eric P. Moll van Charante
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1012 WX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of General Practice, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1012 WX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andre-Pascal Kengne
- Non-Communicable Disease Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
| | - Ellis Owusu-Dabo
- Department of Global and International Health, School of Public Health, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, PMB KNUST, Kumasi GPS AK-448-4944, Ghana
| | - Bert-Jan H. van den Born
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1012 WX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1012 WX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henrike Galenkamp-van der Ploeg
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1012 WX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Felix P. Chilunga
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1012 WX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel Boateng
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, PMB KNUST, Kumasi GPS AK-448-4944, Ghana
- Julius Global Health, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ehsan Motazedi
- Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Public and Occupational Health, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Charles Agyemang
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1012 WX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Di Gennaro F, Cotugno S, Fasano M, Ricciardi A, Ronga L, Lattanzio R, Grimaldi A, Bavaro DF, Ciarallo M, Garzone S, De Iaco G, Guido G, Fiore JR, Brindicci G, Santoro CR, Sica S, Iacovazzi TL, Santantonio TA, Saracino A. High risk of unsuccessful treatment outcome in migrant population with tuberculosis: Data from three Italian hospitals. Front Public Health 2023; 10:1024474. [PMID: 36703820 PMCID: PMC9871451 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1024474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Tuberculosis (TB) remains an unresolved global health problem and vulnerable groups such as migrants remain the most affected with a higher risk of worse outcomes. The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical features, outcomes, and adverse events in migrant and native Italian patients admitted to three Italian hospitals in Southern Italy in order to assess differences and targeted strategies. Methods We performed a retrospective study on TB patients admitted between January 1, 2013, and December 31, 2021, in three Apulia hospitals. Two logistic regression models were used, with the dependent variables being (I) unsuccessful treatment (died, loss to follow-up, and failed treatment) and (II) adverse events. Results We enrolled 543 consecutive patients admitted at three Italian hospitals with a diagnosis of TB during the study period, of them 323 (59.5%) were migrants and 220 Italian patients. The treatment success rate in the migrant group was 44.9% (137/305), while in the non-migrant group was 97.1% (203/209). Independent factors of unsuccess treatment (death, failure or loss to follow up) were: migrant status (O.R. = 11.31; 95% CI 9.72-14.23), being male (O.R. = 4.63; 95% CI 2.16-6.10), homelessness (O.R. = 3.23; 95% CI 2.58-4.54), having a MDR (Multidrug-resistant) (O.R = 6.44; 95% CI 4.74-8.23), diagnostic delay (O.R. = 3.55; 95% CI 1.98-5.67), and length of hospitalization (O.R. = 3.43; 95% CI 1.88-5.87). While, age >65 ys (O.R. = 3.11; 95% CI 1.42-4.76), presence of extrapulmonary TB (O.R. = 1.51; 95% CI 1.31-2.18), monoresistance (O.R. = 1.45; 95% CI 1.25-3.14) and MDR pattern (O.R. = 2.44; 95% CI 1.74-5.03) resulted associated with adverse events. Conclusion Migrant population is at high risk of unsuccessful treatment (death, loss to follow-up, and treatment failure). Policies targeted specifically to this group are needed to really impact and improve their health status and also to contain the TB burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Di Gennaro
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro,” Bari, Italy
| | - Sergio Cotugno
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro,” Bari, Italy,*Correspondence: Sergio Cotugno ✉
| | - Massimo Fasano
- Unità Operativa Complessa (UOC) Infectious Diseases Azienda Sanitaria Locale Bari (ASL BA), Bari, Italy
| | - Aurelia Ricciardi
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro,” Bari, Italy
| | - Luigi Ronga
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, University Hospital Policlinico, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Rossana Lattanzio
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro,” Bari, Italy
| | - Anna Grimaldi
- Chemical-Clinical and Microbiological Research Unit, ASL BA, Bari, Italy
| | - Davide Fiore Bavaro
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro,” Bari, Italy
| | - Marianna Ciarallo
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Clinical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Stefania Garzone
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, University Hospital Policlinico, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppina De Iaco
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro,” Bari, Italy
| | - Giacomo Guido
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro,” Bari, Italy
| | - Josè Ramon Fiore
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Clinical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Gaetano Brindicci
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro,” Bari, Italy
| | - Carmen Rita Santoro
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro,” Bari, Italy
| | - Salvatore Sica
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Clinical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | | | - Teresa Antonia Santantonio
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Clinical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Annalisa Saracino
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro,” Bari, Italy
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Chauhan A, Walpola RL. Ensuring medication safety for consumers from ethnic minority backgrounds: The need to address unconscious bias within health systems. Int J Qual Health Care 2021; 33:6401650. [PMID: 34664657 DOI: 10.1093/intqhc/mzab145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Medication safety remains a pertinent issue for health systems internationally, with patients from ethnic minority backgrounds recognized at increased risk of exposure to harm resulting from unsafe medication practices. While language and communication barriers remain a central issue for medication safety for patients from ethnic minority backgrounds, increasing evidence suggests that unconscious bias can alter practitioner behaviours, attitudes and decision-making leading to unsafe medication practices for this population. Systemwide, service and individual level approaches such as cultural competency training and self-reflections are used to address this issue, however, the effectiveness of these strategies is not known. While engagement is proposed to improve patient safety, the strategies currently used to address unconscious bias seem tokenistic. We propose that including consumers from ethnic minority backgrounds in design and delivery of the education programs for health professionals, allocating extra time to understand their needs and preferences in care, and co-designing engagement strategies to improve medication related harm with diverse ethnic minority groups are key to mitigating medication related harm arising as a result of unconscious bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashfaq Chauhan
- Centre for Health Systems and Safety Research, Australian Institute of Health Innovation (AIHI), Macquarie University, Level 6, 75 Talavera Road, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Ramesh Lahiru Walpola
- School of Population Health, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Level 2, Samuels Building, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
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Nelson M, Patton A, Robb K, Weller D, Sheikh A, Ragupathy K, Morrison D, Campbell C. Experiences of cervical screening participation and non-participation in women from minority ethnic populations in Scotland. Health Expect 2021; 24:1459-1472. [PMID: 34137135 PMCID: PMC8369098 DOI: 10.1111/hex.13287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The introduction of screening in the UK and other high‐income countries led to a significant decrease in the incidence of cervical cancer and increase in survival rates. Minority ethnic groups are often underrepresented in screening participation for reasons that are poorly understood. Objective To explore experiences of cervical screening participation and non‐participation of women from minority ethnic populations in Scotland and gain insights to support the development of interventions that could potentially support screening participation and thereby reduce inequalities. Design Qualitative comparison group study using in‐depth, semi‐structured individual interviews that were thematically analysed. Setting and participants This study took place in Scotland. Fifty women were purposively sampled from four ethnic minority groups: South Asian; East European; Chinese; and Black African or Caribbean. White Scottish women were also interviewed. Results Many experiences described were common regardless of ethnicity, such as difficulties managing competing priorities, including work and care responsibilities. However, important differences existed across the groups. These included going abroad for more frequent screening, delayed introduction to screening and not accessing primary care services, language difficulties in health‐care settings despite proficiency in English and not being sexually active at screening commencement. Experiences of racism, ignorance and feeling shamed were also reported. Conclusions Key differences exist in the experience of minority ethnic groups in Scotland. These offer potential opportunities to reduce disparity and support screening participation including maximizing co‐incidental interactions and developing outreach work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mia Nelson
- Usher Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Andrea Patton
- Usher Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Katie Robb
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - David Weller
- Usher Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Aziz Sheikh
- Usher Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - David Morrison
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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Zafarmand MH, Tajik P, Spijker R, Agyemang C. Gene-environment Interaction on the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Among Ethnic Minority Populations Living in Europe and North America: A Systematic Review. Curr Diabetes Rev 2020; 16:457-470. [PMID: 31146667 DOI: 10.2174/1573399815666190531102054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The body of evidence on gene-environment interaction (GEI) related to type 2 diabetes (T2D) has grown in the recent years. However, most studies on GEI have sought to explain variation within individuals of European ancestry and results among ethnic minority groups are inconclusive. OBJECTIVE To investigate any interaction between a gene and an environmental factor in relation to T2D among ethnic minority groups living in Europe and North America. METHODS We systematically searched Medline and EMBASE databases for the published literature in English up to 25th March 2019. The screening, data extraction and quality assessment were performed by reviewers independently. RESULTS 1068 studies identified through our search, of which nine cohorts of six studies evaluating several different GEIs were included. The mean follow-up time in the included studies ranged from 5 to 25.7 years. Most studies were relatively small scale and few provided replication data. All studies included in the review included ethnic minorities from North America (Native-Americans, African- Americans, and Aboriginal Canadian), none of the studies in Europe assessed GEI in relation to T2D incident in ethnic minorities. The only significant GEI among ethnic minorities was HNF1A rs137853240 and smoking on T2D incident among Native-Canadians (Pinteraction = 0.006). CONCLUSION There is a need for more studies on GEI among ethnicities, broadening the spectrum of ethnic minority groups being investigated, performing more discovery using genome-wide approaches, larger sample sizes for these studies by collaborating efforts such as the InterConnect approach, and developing a more standardized method of reporting GEI studies are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad H Zafarmand
- Department of Public Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Parvin Tajik
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - René Spijker
- Medical Library Amsterdam Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Cochrane Netherlands, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Charles Agyemang
- Department of Public Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Meng X. Does a Different Household Registration Affect Migrants' Access to Basic Public Health Services in China? Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019; 16:E4615. [PMID: 31757111 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16234615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
On the basis of the China Migrants Dynamic Survey Data of 2015, the author provides an analysis of how a different household registration impacts migrants’ access to preventive care provided by public health services, such as health records and medical knowledge, in areas of immigration. This study shows that eliminating the distinction between agricultural and non-agricultural permanent residence registration could raise the rate of establishing health files, but it has no significant effect on migrants’ health knowledge. In fact, encouraging those with non-agricultural registration to move to different counties that belong to the same city or to different cities that belong to the same province can notably eliminate the impact of a different household registration status. Improving the income level of low-income migrants can have the same impact. Recommendations to enable migrants to obtain basic public health services include abolishing the separation of agricultural and non-agricultural household registration, increasing the permanent settlement rate of resident migrants, promoting basic medical security systems across the whole country, strengthening career training, and enhancing the education level of migrants.
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Agbata EN, Morton RL, Bisoffi Z, Bottieau E, Greenaway C, Biggs BA, Montero N, Tran A, Rowbotham N, Arevalo-Rodriguez I, Myran DT, Noori T, Alonso-Coello P, Pottie K, Requena-Méndez A. Effectiveness of Screening and Treatment Approaches for Schistosomiasis and Strongyloidiasis in Newly-Arrived Migrants from Endemic Countries in the EU/EEA: A Systematic Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2018; 16:ijerph16010011. [PMID: 30577567 PMCID: PMC6339107 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to evaluate the evidence on screening and treatment for two parasitic infections-schistosomiasis and strongyloidiasis-among migrants from endemic countries arriving in the European Union and European Economic Area (EU/EEA). We conducted a systematic search of multiple databases to identify systematic reviews and meta-analyses published between 1 January 1993 and 30 May 2016 presenting evidence on diagnostic and treatment efficacy and cost-effectiveness. We conducted additional systematic search for individual studies published between 2010 and 2017. We assessed the methodological quality of reviews and studies using the AMSTAR, Newcastle⁻Ottawa Scale and QUADAS-II tools. Study synthesis and assessment of the certainty of the evidence was performed using GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) approach. We included 28 systematic reviews and individual studies in this review. The GRADE certainty of evidence was low for the effectiveness of screening techniques and moderate to high for treatment efficacy. Antibody-detecting serological tests are the most effective screening tests for detection of both schistosomiasis and strongyloidiasis in low-endemicity settings, because they have higher sensitivity than conventional parasitological methods. Short courses of praziquantel and ivermectin were safe and highly effective and cost-effective in treating schistosomiasis and strongyloidiasis, respectively. Economic modelling suggests presumptive single-dose treatment of strongyloidiasis with ivermectin for all migrants is likely cost-effective, but feasibility of this strategy has yet to be demonstrated in clinical studies. The evidence supports screening and treatment for schistosomiasis and strongyloidiasis in migrants from endemic countries, to reduce morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric N. Agbata
- Faculty of Health Science, University of Roehampton London, London SW15 5PU, UK
- Department of Paediatrics, Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Preventive Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Rachael L. Morton
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia; (R.L.M.); (A.T.); (N.R.)
| | - Zeno Bisoffi
- Centre for Tropical Diseases (CTD), IRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Negrar, Negrar, 37024 Verona, Italy;
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Emmanuel Bottieau
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, 155 Nationalestraat, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium;
| | - Christina Greenaway
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Epidemiology, Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada;
| | - Beverley-A. Biggs
- Department of Medicine at the Doherty Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia;
- Victorian Infectious Diseases Service, The Royal Melbourne Hospital RMH, Parkville VIC 3050, Australia
| | - Nadia Montero
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Pública y Epidemiología Clínica (CISPEC), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad Tecnológica Equinoccial, Quito 170509, Ecuador; (N.M.); (I.A.-R.)
| | - Anh Tran
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia; (R.L.M.); (A.T.); (N.R.)
| | - Nick Rowbotham
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia; (R.L.M.); (A.T.); (N.R.)
| | - Ingrid Arevalo-Rodriguez
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Pública y Epidemiología Clínica (CISPEC), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad Tecnológica Equinoccial, Quito 170509, Ecuador; (N.M.); (I.A.-R.)
- Clinical Biostatistics Unit, Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal (IRYCIS); CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel T. Myran
- Bruyere Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada;
| | - Teymur Noori
- European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Gustav III: s Boulevard 40, 169 73 Solna, Sweden;
| | - Pablo Alonso-Coello
- Iberoamerican Cochrane Center, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau-CIBERESP), 08025 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Kevin Pottie
- Centre for Global Health Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada;
| | - Ana Requena-Méndez
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal-CRESIB, Hospital Clínic-University of Barcelona), E-08036 Barcelona, Spain;
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Falcao J, Ahoua L, Zerbe A, di Mattei P, Baggaley R, Chivurre V, Mulondo P, Ramiro I, Dalal S, Morales F, O'Reilly K, El-Sadr W. Willingness to use short-term oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) by migrant miners and female partners of migrant miners in Mozambique. Cult Health Sex 2017; 19:1389-1403. [PMID: 28468533 DOI: 10.1080/13691058.2017.1316424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Migrant miners from Mozambique who work in South Africa and their partners are at substantial risk for HIV infection. We conducted a cross-sectional study to assess the willingness of migrant miners and female partners of miners to take short-term pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for prevention of HIV acquisition. The study was conducted in Gaza Province, Mozambique, between September and October 2015. A total of 131 male miners and female partners of male miners completed a questionnaire. Subsequently, 48 in-depth interviews among male miners and female partners of miners and 3 focus-group discussions (6 participants each) among female partners of miners were conducted. Quantitative data were tabulated using Stata. A structured coding scheme was developed and qualitative data were analysed using Atlas.ti. Most participants (94%) were willing to take PrEP for short-term use. Facilitating factors for willingness to use PrEP were concerns about partner's sexual behaviour, desire for pregnancy and one's own sexual behaviour. The main barriers to PrEP use were concerns regarding side-effects, perceived difficulty adhering to daily pill taking and concern about partner/family disapproval. Overall, participants saw potential barriers for PrEP as minor obstacles that could be overcome. The male partner's influence on PrEP use was significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Falcao
- a ICAP, Mailman School of Public Health , Columbia University , Maputo , Mozambique
| | - Laurence Ahoua
- a ICAP, Mailman School of Public Health , Columbia University , Maputo , Mozambique
| | - Allison Zerbe
- b ICAP, Mailman School of Public Health, ICAP , Columbia University , New York , USA
| | - Pietro di Mattei
- a ICAP, Mailman School of Public Health , Columbia University , Maputo , Mozambique
| | - Rachel Baggaley
- c HIV Department , World Health Organization , Geneva , Switzerland
| | - Victor Chivurre
- d Provincial Health Authorities , Ministry of Health Mozambique , Gaza , Mozambique
| | | | - Isaias Ramiro
- d Provincial Health Authorities , Ministry of Health Mozambique , Gaza , Mozambique
| | - Shona Dalal
- c HIV Department , World Health Organization , Geneva , Switzerland
| | - Fernando Morales
- f ICAP, Mailman School of Public Health , Columbia University , Dar es-Salaam , United Republic of Tanzania
| | - Kevin O'Reilly
- g The Medical University of South Carolina , Charleston , USA
| | - Wafaa El-Sadr
- b ICAP, Mailman School of Public Health, ICAP , Columbia University , New York , USA
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Murray JK, DiStefano AS, Yang JS, Wood MM. Displacement and HIV: Factors Influencing Antiretroviral Therapy Use by Ethnic Shan Migrants in Northern Thailand. J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care 2016; 27:709-21. [PMID: 27188762 DOI: 10.1016/j.jana.2016.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Migrant populations face increased HIV vulnerabilities, including limited access to antiretroviral therapy. Civil conflict in Myanmar has displaced thousands of people from the minority Shan ethnic group into northern Thailand, where they bear a disproportionate HIV burden. To identify barriers and facilitators of antiretroviral therapy use in this population, we conducted a rapid ethnographic assessment and case study with a clinical sample of Shan migrants receiving treatment for HIV in a district hospital in Chiang Mai, Thailand, Thai nurses providing their care, and health care administrators (n = 23). Barriers included fears of arrest and deportation, communication difficulties, perceived social marginalization, limited HIV knowledge, and lack of finances. Facilitating factors included hospital-based migrant registration services and community outreach efforts involving support group mobilization, referral practices, and radio broadcasts. These findings provided a contextualized account to inform policies, community interventions, and nursing practice to increase treatment access for minority migrant groups.
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