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Harisinghani A, Torres A, Oreskovic NM. Brief report: Physical activity assessment and counseling in adults with Down syndrome. Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet 2024; 196:e32066. [PMID: 37795765 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.c.32066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Adults with Down syndrome are at an increased risk for developing certain medical conditions, which can be further exacerbated by lower levels of physical activity. Physician counseling can provide a supportive environment to encourage modes of physical activity accessible to patients and caregivers. While some adults with Down syndrome have access to a Down syndrome specialty clinic, most are followed only by a primary care physician. This report includes adult patients with Down syndrome followed at a Down syndrome specialty clinic in Boston and compares physical activity assessment and counseling rates by Down syndrome specialists and primary care physicians. Patients were more likely to have physical activity assessment and counseling performed by a Down syndrome specialist than by a primary care physician. A better understanding of the barriers primary care physicians caring for adults with Down syndrome experience related to physical activity counseling could help improve important health habit counseling in this high-risk population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Harisinghani
- Down Syndrome Program, Division of Medical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Amy Torres
- Down Syndrome Program, Division of Medical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nicolas M Oreskovic
- Down Syndrome Program, Division of Medical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Falck RS, Hsu CL, Silva NCBS, Li LC, Best JR, Liu-Ambrose T. The independent associations of physical activity and sleep with neural activity during an inhibitory task: cross-sectional results from the MONITOR-OA study. J Sleep Res 2022; 31:e13692. [PMID: 35821379 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.13692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Sleep and physical activity (PA) are important for the maintenance of executive functions. Whether these lifestyle factors independently contribute to associated neural correlates of executive functions is unknown. We therefore investigated the independent associations of PA and sleep with neural activity during executive performance using task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Baseline data from a subset of participants (n = 29) enrolled in a randomised trial were used for this cross-sectional analysis. We measured PA, sleep duration and efficiency for 7 days using the SenseWear Mini and examined neural activity underlying response inhibition using the Go/NoGo executive performance task. Brain activation patterns during the NoGo condition were contrasted to activation patterns during the Go condition (i.e., NoGo-Go). We constructed two separate models (controlling for age, sex, and education) to examine the independent associations of (i) PA and sleep duration; and (ii) PA and sleep efficiency with brain activation. Significant clusters were corrected for multiple comparisons (p < 0.05) to determine region-specific activation patterns. The mean (SD) participant age was 61 (9) years, and 79% were female. PA was independently associated with greater task-related blood-oxygen-level dependent (BOLD) signal activity in the left cingulate gyrus; longer sleep duration was independently associated with greater BOLD signal activity in the left putamen. Higher sleep efficiency was independently associated with increased BOLD signal activity in the left hippocampus. PA, sleep duration, and efficiency are each independently associated with greater neural activity underlying response inhibition, which further illustrates that PA and sleep are each uniquely important for brain health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Stanley Falck
- Aging, Mobility, and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Centre for Hip Health and Mobility, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Chun Liang Hsu
- Aging, Mobility, and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Narlon Cassio Boa Sorte Silva
- Aging, Mobility, and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Centre for Hip Health and Mobility, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Linda C Li
- Arthritis Research Canada, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - John R Best
- Gerontology Research Centre, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Teresa Liu-Ambrose
- Aging, Mobility, and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Centre for Hip Health and Mobility, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Richardson DL, Duncan MJ, Clarke ND, Myers TD, Tallis J. The influence of COVID-19 measures in the United Kingdom on physical activity levels, perceived physical function and mood in older adults: A survey-based observational study. J Sports Sci 2020; 39:887-899. [PMID: 33241966 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2020.1850984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In March 2020, the spreading Coronavirus (COVID-19) prompted the United Kingdom government to introduce a societal shutdown, accompanied by self-isolation and social-distancing measures to reduce virus transmission. In doing so, opportunities for physical activity were likely reduced, potentially causing detrimental effects to older adults. Therefore, the present study investigated the influence of the initial six weeks of lockdown on physical activity levels, perceived physical function and mood in older adults. A cross-sectional, mixed-methods, observational study was conducted using self-administered, fortnightly online surveys throughout the UK between 21st March-4 May 2020. A total of 117 participants (52 males [age: 76 ± 4 years] and 65 females [age: 76 ± 4 years]) completed all surveys. Despite lockdown restrictions, this group of older adults maintained their pre-lockdown physical activity levels, but also increased their self-reported sedentary time. Subsequently, perception of physical function was maintained across lockdown. With regards to mood; the only strong evidence for an increase in depression was for males (ps = 95.35%; >0.3 AU), although self-reported levels of depression were similar between sexes at week six. Given the link between sedentary behaviour and negative health outcomes in older adults, strategies to reduce sedentariness during the COVID-19 pandemic are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren L Richardson
- Centre for Applied Biological & Exercise Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
| | - Michael J Duncan
- Centre for Applied Biological & Exercise Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
| | - Neil D Clarke
- Centre for Applied Biological & Exercise Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
| | - Tony D Myers
- Sport, Physical Activity and Health Research Centre, Newman University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jason Tallis
- Centre for Applied Biological & Exercise Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
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Forsberg H, Rutberg S, Mikaelsson K, Lindqvist AK. It's about being the good parent: exploring attitudes and beliefs towards active school transportation. Int J Circumpolar Health 2020; 79:1798113. [PMID: 32697630 PMCID: PMC7480411 DOI: 10.1080/22423982.2020.1798113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, there has been a decline in active school transportation (AST). Parents play an important role as the key decision-makers of children’s AST, and there is a need of more knowledge about the decision-making process and parents’ beliefs towards AST. The overall aim of this study was to explore parents’ attitudes and beliefs towards AST in the northern part of Sweden. Twenty parents participated in semi-structured interviews, which was based on the theory of planned behaviour. Qualitative content analysis was used to analyse the interviews. The analysis yielded one main theme, “Parenting and active school transportation – making route choices in a changed landscape” and four subthemes, “Knowing that it is beneficial while struggling with daily life”, “Considering barriers and solutions to enable AST”, “Parenting is challenging and about balancing”, and “Reflecting and contemplating about what we and others do”. Winter conditions affect parents’ decisions, and this needs to be considered when facilitating AST in these regions. Overall better health, increased physical activity, time spent outdoors, and free play were revealed as positive outcomes of AST. Decisions were also influenced by social norms and how the idea of parenting has changed through generations. The findings of this study are likely to be important when promoting AST.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Forsberg
- Department of Health Sciences, Luleå University of Technology , Luleå, Sweden
| | - Stina Rutberg
- Department of Health Sciences, Luleå University of Technology , Luleå, Sweden
| | - Katarina Mikaelsson
- Department of Health Sciences, Luleå University of Technology , Luleå, Sweden
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Braun K, Atmanspacher F, Schreckenberg R, Grgic I, Schlüter K. Effect of free running wheel exercise on renal expression of parathyroid hormone receptor type 1 in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Physiol Rep 2018; 6:e13842. [PMID: 30198211 PMCID: PMC6129773 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
An active lifestyle is generally recommended for hypertensive patients to prevent subsequent end-organ damage. However, experimental data on long-term effects of exercise on hypertension are insufficient and underlying mechanisms are not well understood. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of exercise on renal expression of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) and parathyroid hormone receptor type 1 (PTHR1) in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Twenty-four rats started free running wheel exercise at the age of 1.5 months (pre-hypertensive state) and proceeded for 1.5, 3.0, 6.0, and 10.0 months. Thirty rats kept under standard housing conditions were used as sedentary controls. Kidney function was assessed by measuring plasma creatinine levels and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratios. Renal expression of PTHrP and PTHR1 was analyzed by qRT-PCR and western blot. Renal expression of PTHR1 was markedly increased between the 6th and 10th months in sedentary rats and this increase was significantly lower in SHRs with high physical activity on mRNA (-30%) and protein level (-27%). At the same time, urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio increased (from 65 to 231 mg/g) but somehow lower in exercise performing SHRs (48-196 mg/g). Our data suggest that enhanced exercise, stimulated by allocation of a free running wheel, is associated with lower PTHR1 expression in SHRs and this may contribute to preserved kidney function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Braun
- Physiologisches InstitutJustus‐Liebig‐Universität GießenGießenGermany
| | | | | | - Ivica Grgic
- Klinik für Innere Medizin und NephrologiePhilipps‐Universität MarburgMarburgGermany
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Abstract
BACKGROUND There is considerable evidence of the favourable role of more physical activity (PA) in fighting against dementia. However, the shape of the dose-response relationship is still unclear. OBJECTIVE To quantitatively investigate the relationship between dementia and PA. DESIGN PubMed, EMBASE, Ovid and the Cochrane Library were searched for prospective studies published from 1 January 1995 to 15 October 2016. Two types of meta-analyses were performed with a focus on the dose-response relationship using two stage generalised least squares regression. RESULTS The primary analysis exhibited a dose-response trend for all-cause dementia (ACD), Alzheimer's disease (AD) but not for vascular dementia (VD). In the dose-response analysis, either ACD (ptrend <0.005; pnon-linearity=0.87) or AD (p trend <0.005; pnon-linearity=0.10) exhibited a linear relationship with leisure time PA (LTPA) over the observed range (0-2000 kcal/week or 0-45 metabolic equivalent of task hours per week (MET-h/week)). Specifically, for every 500 kcal or 10 MET-h increase per week, there was, on average, 10% and 13% decrease in the risk of ACD and AD, respectively. CONCLUSIONS We have reported, for the first time, the dose-response relationship between LTPA and dementia, further supporting the international PA guideline from the standpoint of dementia prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xu
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, College of Medicine and Pharmaceutics, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Hui Fu Wang
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yu Wan
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chen-Chen Tan
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jin-Tai Yu
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lan Tan
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, College of Medicine and Pharmaceutics, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Pratt KJ, Van Fossen C, Cotto-Maisonet J, Palmer EN, Eneli I. Mothers' Perspectives on the Development of Their Preschoolers' Dietary and Physical Activity Behaviors and Parent-Child Relationship: Implications for Pediatric Primary Care Physicians. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2017; 56:766-775. [PMID: 28056539 DOI: 10.1177/0009922816684598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The study explores female caregivers' reflections on their relationship with their child (2-5 years old) and the development of their child's dietary and physical activity behaviors. Five, 90-minute semistructured focus groups were conducted to inquire about children's growth, eating behaviors and routines, physical activity, personality, and the parent-child relationship. Nineteen female caregivers diverse in race/ethnicity, age, and educational attainment participated. Participants reported that they maintained a schedule, but needed to be flexible to accommodate daily responsibilities. Family, social factors, and day care routines were influences on their children's behaviors. The main physical activity barriers were safety and time constraints. Guidance from pediatric primary care providers aimed at supporting female caregivers to build a positive foundation in their parent-child relationship, and to adopt and model healthy diet and physical activity behaviors that are respectful of schedules and barriers should be a priority for childhood obesity prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keeley J Pratt
- 1 Department of Human Sciences, Human Development and Family Science Program, The Ohio State University
| | - Catherine Van Fossen
- 1 Department of Human Sciences, Human Development and Family Science Program, The Ohio State University
| | - Jennifer Cotto-Maisonet
- 1 Department of Human Sciences, Human Development and Family Science Program, The Ohio State University
| | - Elizabeth N Palmer
- 1 Department of Human Sciences, Human Development and Family Science Program, The Ohio State University
| | - Ihuoma Eneli
- 2 Director, Center for Healthy Weight and NutritionNationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Oh 43205
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Hassan NE, Wahba S, El-Alameey IR, El-Masry SA, AbuShady MM, Hameed ERA, Ibrahim TS, Boseila S. Dietary Behaviour Pattern and Physical Activity in Overweight and Obese Egyptian Mothers: Relationships with Their Children's Body Mass Index. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2016; 4:353-358. [PMID: 27703555 PMCID: PMC5042615 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2016.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2016] [Revised: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity and related morbidity increase in Egyptian women and their children. A better understanding of dietary and activity patterns is needed to reduce obesity prevalence. AIM The present study aimed to assess dietary patterns and physical activity in Egyptian overweight and obese mothers and to explore its relationships with their children's body mass index (BMI). SUBJECTS AND METHODS This descriptive case-control study was conducted at the National Research Center. The study included a sample of 64 overweight and obese mothers and 75 children, compared with apparently healthy non-obese mothers and their children of matched age and social class. Tested questionnaires were used to collect information of the studied subjects. RESULTS A statistically significantly higher incidence of unemployment, large family size was observed in overweight & obese women compared to controls (P < 0.05). Those women who consumed vegetables more than 3 times a week were less likely to be overweight or obese (P < 0.05). No significant association were detected between mothers' physical activity, dietary behaviour variables and children's BMI except for consuming beverages with added sugar (95%CI = 0.074-0.985, P<0.05). CONCLUSION Improper dietary patterns, nonworking mothers and big family size are associated with obesity among Egyptian women. Emphasis should be given to increasing physical activity and encourage healthier diets among Egyptian mothers and their children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayera E Hassan
- Biological Anthropology Department, Medical Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Saneya Wahba
- Child Health Department, Medical Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Inas R El-Alameey
- Child Health Department, Medical Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Sahar A El-Masry
- Biological Anthropology Department, Medical Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mones M AbuShady
- Child Health Department, Medical Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Enas R Abdel Hameed
- Child Health Department, Medical Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Tarek S Ibrahim
- Child Health Department, Medical Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Samia Boseila
- Child Health Department, Medical Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
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Karimi I, Benabdellah N, Bentata Y, Yacoubi H, Haddiya I. [Evaluation of patient physical activity levels in a Moroccan hemodialysis service]. Pan Afr Med J 2013; 15:79. [PMID: 24198881 PMCID: PMC3810005 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2013.15.79.1830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2012] [Accepted: 08/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ilham Karimi
- Service de Néphrologie-Dialyse, Hôpital Al Farabi, Université Mohamed Premier, Faculté de médecine et de pharmacie, Oujda, Maroc
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