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Yu Q, Li H, Du L, Shen L, Zhang J, Yuan L, Yao H, Xiao H, Bai Q, Jia Y, Qiu J, Li Y. Transcriptional regulation of the yersiniabactin receptor fyuA gene by the ferric uptake regulator in Klebsiella pneumoniae NTUH-K2044. J Basic Microbiol 2024:e202400001. [PMID: 38679904 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202400001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
The ferric uptake regulator (Fur) is a global regulator that influences the expression of virulence genes in Klebsiella pneumoniae. Bioinformatics analysis suggests Fur may involve in iron acquisition via the identified regulatory box upstream of the yersiniabactin receptor gene fyuA. To observe the impact of the gene fyuA on the virulence of K. pneumoniae, the gene fyuA knockout strain and complementation strain were constructed and then conducted a series of phenotypic experiments including chrome azurol S (CAS) detection, crystal violet staining, and wax moth virulence experiment. To examine the regulatory relationship between Fur and the gene fyuA, green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter gene fusion assay, real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), gel migration assay (EMSA), and DNase I footprinting assay were used to clarify the regulatory mechanism of Fur on fyuA. CAS detection revealed that the gene fyuA could affect the generation of iron carriers in K. pneumoniae. Crystal violet staining experiment showed that fyuA could positively influence biofilm formation. Wax moth virulence experiment indicated that the deletion of the fyuA could weaken bacterial virulence. GFP reporter gene fusion experiment and RT-qPCR analysis revealed that Fur negatively regulated the expression of fyuA in iron-sufficient environment. EMSA experiment demonstrated that Fur could directly bind to the promoter region of fyuA, and DNase I footprinting assay further identified the specific binding site sequences. The study showed that Fur negatively regulated the transcriptional expression of fyuA by binding to upstream of the gene promoter region, and then affected the virulence of K. pneumoniae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yu
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hailin Li
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ling Du
- Chengdu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lifei Shen
- Jiangbei District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangbei, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiaxue Zhang
- Jiangbei District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangbei, Chongqing, China
| | - Lingyue Yuan
- Shanghai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Huang Yao
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hong Xiao
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qunhua Bai
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Jia
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jingfu Qiu
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yingli Li
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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2
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Fu C, Han C, Yu Z, Liu D, Wei Y, Han Y. Ethylene induced AcNAC3 and AcNAC4 take part in ethylene synthesis through mediating AcACO1 during kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis) ripening. J Sci Food Agric 2024. [PMID: 38661291 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ethylene plays a vital role in the ripening process of kiwifruit. A terrific amount of transcription factors (TFs) have been shown to regulate ethylene synthesis in various fruits. RESULTS In this research, two new NAC TFs, named AcNAC3 and AcNAC4, were isolated from kiwifruit, which belonged to NAM subfamily. Bioinformatics analysis showed that both AcNAC3 and AcNAC4 were hydrophilic proteins with similar three-dimensional structures. The expression levels of AcNAC3, AcNAC4 and AcACO1 increased during kiwifruit ripening, as well as were induced by ethylene and repressed by 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP). Correlation analysis exhibited that ethylene production was positively correlated with the expression levels of AcNAC3, AcNAC4 and AcACO1. Moreover, both AcNAC3 and AcNAC4 acted as transcriptional activators and could bind to and activate AcACO1 promoter. CONCLUSION All results unveiled that the ethylene-induced AcNAC3 and AcNAC4 were transcriptional activators, and might participate in kiwifruit ripening and ethylene biosynthesis through activating AcACO1, providing a new insight of ethylene synthetic regulation during kiwifruit ripening. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changchun Fu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Chao Han
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zuolong Yu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Dan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yunxiao Wei
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yanchao Han
- Food Science Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, P. R. China
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3
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Wang K, Li G, Yang Z, Yang F, Sun Y, Duan G, Sun W, Zhou K, He J, Dai F. Compound Chinese medicine (F1) improves spleen deficiency diarrhea by protecting the intestinal mucosa and regulating the intestinal flora. Front Microbiol 2024; 14:1292082. [PMID: 38293559 PMCID: PMC10826701 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1292082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Compound Chinese medicine (F1) is a traditional prescription in Chinese medicine that is commonly used to treat spleen deficiency diarrhea (SDD). It has demonstrated remarkable effectiveness in clinical practice. However, the precise mechanism by which it exerts its antidiarrheal effect is still unclear. This study aimed at investigating the antidiarrheal efficacy and mechanism of F1 on senna-induced secretory diarrhea (SDD). Senna was utilized to induce the development of a mouse model of senna-induced secretory diarrhea (SDD) in order to observe the rate of diarrhea, diarrhea index, blood biochemistry, and histopathological changes in the small intestine. Additionally, the levels of sodium and hydrogen exchange protein 3 (NHE3) and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The impact of F1 on the senna-induced SDD mouse models was evaluated by monitoring changes in the gut microbiota through 16S rRNA (V3-V4) sequencing. The results demonstrated that F1, a traditional Chinese medicine, effectively increased the body weight of SDD mice and reduced the incidence of diarrhea and diarrhea index. Additionally, F1 restored liver and kidney function, reduced the infiltration of inflammatory cells in intestinal tissue, and promoted the growth of intestinal villi. Furthermore, F1 was found to enhance the expression of NHE3 and SCFAs. It also increased the abundance of Firmicutes and Lactobacillus species, while decreasing the abundance of Proteobacteria and Shigella.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Guanzong Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi Yang
- Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center of Chuxiong, Chuxiong, China
| | - Fumei Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Yulin Sun
- Veterinarian, Kunming Technical Contract Accreditation and Registration Station, Kunming, China
| | - Gang Duan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Wang Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Ke Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Jun He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Feiyan Dai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
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Fan Z, Fu T, Li Z, Du B, Cui X, Zhang R, Feng Y, Zhao H, Xue G, Cui J, Yan C, Gan L, Feng J, Xu Z, Yu Z, Tian Z, Ding Z, Chen J, Chen Y, Yuan J. The role of integration host factor in biofilm and virulence of high-alcohol-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0117023. [PMID: 37732783 PMCID: PMC10581059 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01170-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Klebsiella pneumoniae is a well-known human nosocomial pathogen with an arsenal of virulence factors, including capsular polysaccharides (CPS), fimbriae, flagella, and lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Our previous study found that alcohol acted as an essential virulence factor for high-alcohol-producing K. pneumoniae (HiAlc Kpn). Integration host factor (IHF) is a nucleoid-associated protein that functions as a global virulence regulator in Escherichia coli. However, the regulatory role of IHF in K. pneumoniae remains unknown. In the present study, we found that deletion of ihfA or ihfB resulted in a slight defect in bacterial growth, a severe absence of biofilm formation and cytotoxicity, and a significant reduction in alcohol production. RNA sequencing differential gene expression analysis showed that compared with the wild-type control, the expression of many virulence factor genes was downregulated in ΔihfA and ΔihfB strains, such as those related to CPS (rcsA, galF, wzi, and iscR), LPS (rfbABCD), type I and type III fimbriae (fim and mrk operon), cellulose (bcs operon), iron transporter (feoABC, fhuA, fhuF, tonB, exbB, and exbD), quorum sensing (lsr operon and sdiA), type II secretion system (T2SS) and type VI secretion system (T6SS) (tssG, hcp, and gspE). Of these virulence factors, CPS, LPS, fimbriae, and cellulose are involved in biofilm formation. In addition, IHF could affect the alcohol production by regulating genes related to glucose intake (ptsG), pyruvate formate-lyase, alcohol dehydrogenase, and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Our data provided new insights into the importance of IHF in regulating the virulence of HiAlc Kpn. IMPORTANCE Klebsiella pneumoniae is a well-known human nosocomial pathogen that causes various infectious diseases, including urinary tract infections, hospital-acquired pneumonia, bacteremia, and liver abscesses. Our previous studies demonstrated that HiAlc Kpn mediated the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by producing excess endogenous alcohol in vivo. However, the regulators regulating the expression of genes related to metabolism, biofilm formation, and virulence of HiAlc Kpn remain unclear. In this study, the regulator IHF was found to positively regulate biofilm formation and many virulence factors including CPS, LPS, type I and type III fimbriae, cellulose, iron transporter, AI-2 quorum sensing, T2SS, and T6SS in HiAlc Kpn. Furthermore, IHF positively regulated alcohol production in HiAlc Kpn. Our results suggested that IHF could be a potential drug target for treating various infectious diseases caused by K. pneumoniae. Hence, the regulation of different virulence factors by IHF in K. pneumoniae requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Fan
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Tongtong Fu
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Zhoufei Li
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Du
- University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Xiaohu Cui
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yanling Feng
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Hanqing Zhao
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Guanhua Xue
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Jinghua Cui
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Yan
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Gan
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Junxia Feng
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Ziying Xu
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Zihui Yu
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Ziyan Tian
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Zanbo Ding
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Jinfeng Chen
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Yujie Chen
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Yuan
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
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5
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Wang Z, Gu C, Jiang S, Sun T, Wang Z. The study of phase transition of MoS 2regulated by H . J Phys Condens Matter 2023; 35. [PMID: 37137313 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/acd219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The mixed-phase MoS2 (1T/2H MoS2) with heterostructure exhibited high catalytic activity. The specific ratios of 1T/2H could exhibit optimal performance in various applications. Therefore, more methods need be developed for synthesizing 1T/2H mixed-phase MoS2. Herein, a viable route was studied for the phase transition of 1T/2H MoS2 regulated by H+. Briefly, the commercially available bulk MoS2 was used to obtain 1T/2H MoS2 via chemical intercalation of Li+. Then the residual Li+ around 1T/2H MoS2 was replaced by H+ in acidic electrolytes, owing to the extremely higher charge-to-volume ratio of H+. Thus, the thermodynamically unstable 1T phase lost the protection of residual Li+ and could be re-transforming into the relatively stable 2H phase. The change of the 2H/(2H+1T) ratio was measured using novel extinction spectroscopy, which provides a rapid identification method in comparison with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The experimental results revealed that the concentration of H+ influenced the phase transition velocity of MoS2. In particular, the phase transition from 1T to 2H phase in the H+ solution was faster at the beginning, and the higher the H+ concentration in an acidic solution, the faster the increase in 2H content. For an instant, the ratio of the 2H phase was increased by 7.08% in an acidic solution (CH+ = 2.00 M) after 1 hour, which was several times greater than the case in the distilled water. This finding provides a promising method to easily obtain different ratios of 1T/2H MoS2, which is beneficial for further development of catalytic performance especially in energy generation and storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Wang
- Qingdao University, No.308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, CHINA
| | - Chaoqun Gu
- Qingdao University, No.308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, CHINA
| | - Sisi Jiang
- Qingdao University, No.308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, CHINA
| | - Tong Sun
- Qingdao University, No.308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, CHINA
| | - Zonghua Wang
- Qingdao University, No.308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, CHINA
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6
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Ma T, Li H, Yang W, Liu Q, Yan H. Over-expression of miR-193a-3p regulates the apoptosis of colorectal cancer cells by targeting PAK3. Am J Transl Res 2022; 14:1361-1375. [PMID: 35273739 PMCID: PMC8902527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Although dysregulated expression of microRNAs (miRNA) has been investigated in colorectal cancer (CRC), MiR-193a-3p, as a tumor inhibitor, is less studied. To investigate the function and mechanism of miR-193a-3p in CRC, the potential function of miR-193a-3p in regulating PAK3 in CRC with a series of experimental assays including western blotting, qRT-PCR, bioinformatics analysis, a luciferase reporter assay, flow cytometry, Transwell assay, CCK8 assay and immunofluorescence were performed in this study. The results showed that miR-193a-3p was down-regulated in CRC tissues and cell lines, which was also correlated with tumor progression. PAK3 was predicted as a target gene of miR-193a-3p in CRC cells by TargetScan database, which was confirmed by luciferase assays. Moreover, overexpression of miR-193a-3p suppressed the viability, cell cycle progression, migration, and invasion, and induced apoptosis of CRC cells in vitro by regulating the PAK3 signaling pathway. Therefore, miR-193a-3p may serve as a tumor suppressor and potential target for CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Ma
- The Second Department of Oncology, Tumor Hospital, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical UniversityYinchuan 750004, Ningxia, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hai Li
- The Colorectal Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical UniversityYinchuan 750004, Ningxia, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Yang
- The Second Department of Oncology, Tumor Hospital, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical UniversityYinchuan 750004, Ningxia, People’s Republic of China
| | - Quanxia Liu
- The Second Department of Oncology, Tumor Hospital, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical UniversityYinchuan 750004, Ningxia, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Yan
- The Second Department of Oncology, Tumor Hospital, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical UniversityYinchuan 750004, Ningxia, People’s Republic of China
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7
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Wang J, Xu F, Zhu X, Li X, Li Y, Li J. Targeting microRNAs to Regulate the Integrity of the Blood-Brain Barrier. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:673415. [PMID: 34178963 PMCID: PMC8226126 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.673415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a highly specialized neurovascular unit that protects the brain from potentially harmful substances. In addition, the BBB also engages in the exchange of essential nutrients between the vasculature and brain parenchyma, which is critical for brain homeostasis. Brain diseases, including neurological disorders and cerebrovascular diseases, are often associated with disrupted BBB integrity, evidenced by increased permeability. Therefore, defining the mechanisms underlying the regulation of BBB integrity is crucial for the development of novel therapeutics targeting brain diseases. MicroRNAs (miRNA), a type of small non-coding RNAs, are emerging as an important regulator of BBB integrity. Here we review recent developments related to the role of miRNAs in regulating BBB integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juntao Wang
- School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry and Biology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Radiation Chemistry and Functional Materials, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Fang Xu
- School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry and Biology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Radiation Chemistry and Functional Materials, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Xiaoming Zhu
- School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry and Biology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Radiation Chemistry and Functional Materials, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Xianghua Li
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Yankun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular, Cerebrovascular, and Metabolic Disorders, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Jia Li
- Centre for Motor Neuron Disease, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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8
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Jia X, Yin Y, Chen Y, Mao L. The Role of Viral Proteins in the Regulation of Exosomes Biogenesis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:671625. [PMID: 34055668 PMCID: PMC8155792 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.671625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are membrane-bound vesicles of endocytic origin, secreted into the extracellular milieu, in which various biological components such as proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids reside. A variety of external stimuli can regulate the formation and secretion of exosomes, including viruses. Viruses have evolved clever strategies to establish effective infections by employing exosomes to cloak their viral genomes and gain entry into uninfected cells. While most recent exosomal studies have focused on clarifying the effect of these bioactive vesicles on viral infection, the mechanisms by which the virus regulates exosomes are still unclear and deserve further attention. This article is devoted to studying how viral components regulate exosomes biogenesis, composition, and secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaonan Jia
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.,Department of Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yiqian Yin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.,Department of Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yiwen Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.,Department of Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Lingxiang Mao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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9
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Sheng XF, Hong LL, Li H, Huang FY, Wen Q, Zhuang HF. Long non-coding RNA MALAT1 modulate cell migration, proliferation and apoptosis by sponging microRNA-146a to regulate CXCR4 expression in acute myeloid leukemia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 26:43-52. [PMID: 33382018 DOI: 10.1080/16078454.2020.1867781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the role of Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and analyze the potential regulatory network of MALAT1/miR-146a/ CXCR4. METHODS The expressions of MALAT1, miR-146a and CXCR4 were performed by qRT-PCR and Western Blot. We conducted trans-well assay, CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry to evaluate the migration, proliferation and apoptosis of AML cells. Also by using luciferase reporter assay, we investigated the interaction between miR-146a and MALAT1 or CXCR4. RESULTS Firstly, MALAT1 and CXCR4 were upregulated while miR-146a was downregulated in AML patients compared with healthy controls. We observed a negative correlation between miR-146a and MALAT1 or CXCR4, but a positive correlation between MALAT1 and CXCR4 in AML patients. MALAT1 knockdown inhibited migration and proliferation but induced apoptosis of HL-60 cells. MALAT1 restrained miR-146a expression by acting as a ceRNA. miR-146a regulated HL-60 cells migration, proliferation and apoptosis by directly targeting CXCR4 expression. Finally, we found that CXCR4 expression was downregulated by MALAT1 knockdown and partially restored by miR-146a abrogation. CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that MALAT1 regulates migration, proliferation and apoptosis by sponging miR-146a to regulate CXCR4 expression in AML cells, providing novel insights into the role of MALAT1 as a therapeutic target in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Fu Sheng
- The department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Li Hong
- The department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Li
- The department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei-Yan Huang
- The department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Wen
- The department of Cancer, Cancer Hospital of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Feng Zhuang
- The department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
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10
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Chen F, Hu X, He Y, Huang D. Lipidomics demonstrates the association of sex hormones with sebum. J Cosmet Dermatol 2021; 20:2015-2019. [PMID: 33751794 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The regulation of sebocytes by hormones has been unanimously certified by scholars. But how sebocytes are affected has not been fully demonstrated by the regulation of multiple hormones. AIMS The regulation effect of sex hormone on sebocytes was further discussed. PATIENTS/METHODS Based on our previous studies, the changes of skin surface liposomes in different sex hormone levels were analyzed by comprehensive statistics. RESULTS We found that androgen can induce sebocytes to synthesis and secrete more fatty acids (FAs) and triglycerides (TGs) through comprehensive analysis of sebum content and composition, which is inhibited by estrogen. CONCLUSIONS We further confirmed the regulatory effect of hormones on sebocytes from a molecular point of view using lipidomics and found that sex hormones may dominate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Chen
- Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Xueqing Hu
- Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Yang He
- BayRay Innovation Center, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dianchao Huang
- Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
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11
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Wang GH, Wang LY, Zhang C, Zhang P, Wang CH, Cheng S. MiR-1225-5p acts as tumor suppressor in glioblastoma via targeting FNDC3B. Open Med (Wars) 2020; 15:872-881. [PMID: 33336045 PMCID: PMC7712056 DOI: 10.1515/med-2020-0156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This study attempted to research the molecular mechanism underlying the inhibitory role of miR-1225-5p in the malignant progression of glioblastoma. Bioinformatics analyses based on the gene expression omnibus (GEO) and Chinese glioma genome atlas (CGGA) databases showed that miR-1225-5p, as a favorable prognostic factor, was expressed at low levels in glioblastoma, and its expression was also related to WHO grade and age. The subsequent CCK-8 assay indicated that miR-1225-5p might prevent the malignant progression of glioblastoma, which was represented by that miR-1225-5p mimic reduced the viability of glioblastoma cells. Then, we predicted that FNDC3B might be a potential target gene of miR-1225-5p, and it was negatively correlated with the level of miR-1225-5p, which were confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR and western blot assays. Moreover, based on the analyses of the cancer genome atlas (TCGA), Oncomine and CGGA databases, FNDC3B was enriched in glioblastoma and high expression of FNDC3B led to poor prognosis. Finally, CCK8 and transwell experiments showed that the ability of miR-1225-5p to inhibit glioblastoma cell viability, invasion and migration was at least partially achieved by targeting FNDC3B. In general, these results revealed that the miR-1225-5p/FNDC3B axis contributes to inhibiting the malignant phenotype of glioblastoma cells, which lays a foundation for molecular diagnosis and treatment of glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Hua Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sunshine Union Hospital of Shandong Province, No. 9000 Yingqian Street, Weifang, Shandong, 261000, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang-Yan Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong , 261000, People's Republic of China
| | - Cui Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sunshine Union Hospital of Shandong Province, No. 9000 Yingqian Street, Weifang, Shandong, 261000, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sunshine Union Hospital of Shandong Province, No. 9000 Yingqian Street, Weifang, Shandong, 261000, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuan-Hui Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sunshine Union Hospital of Shandong Province, No. 9000 Yingqian Street, Weifang, Shandong, 261000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sunshine Union Hospital of Shandong Province, No. 9000 Yingqian Street, Weifang, Shandong, 261000, People's Republic of China
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12
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Li J, Wang X, Li N, Jiang Y, Huang H, Wang T, Lin Z, Xiong N. Feasibility of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy for COVID-19: A Mini Review. Curr Gene Ther 2020; 20:285-288. [PMID: 32867652 PMCID: PMC8388062 DOI: 10.2174/1566523220999200820172829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 carry the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) which involves multiple systems and organs with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) as the most common complication, largely due to cytokine storms or dysregulated immunity. As such, there are many severe patients with complications such as cytokine storm syndrome (CSS), who have a high fatality rate. Neither specific anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs nor vaccines exist currently. Current treatment relies mainly on self-recovery through patients' immune function. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is a kind of multipotent tissue stem cells, which have powerful anti-inflammatory and immune regulatory functions, inhibiting the cytokine storms. In addition, MSCs have a strong ability to repair tissue damage and reduce the risk of severe complications such as acute lung injury and ARDS, and hopefully, reduce the fatality rate in these patients. There are several clinical types of research completed for treating COVID-19 with MSCs, all reporting restoration of T cells and clinical safety. Here we discuss the clinical prospect and conclude the therapeutic effects and potential mechanism for MSCs in treating COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Li
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology,
Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology,
Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Na Li
- Wuhan Red Cross Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ying Jiang
- Emergency Department, Wuhan Red Cross Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Heqing Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, People's Hospital of Dongxihu District, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology,
Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhicheng Lin
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Neurogenomics, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA 02478,
USA
| | - Nian Xiong
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology,
Wuhan, Hubei, China,Wuhan Red Cross Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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13
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Yang D, Wang Z, Ma J, Fu Q, Wu L, Wang H, Wang S, Yan Y, Sun J. Glycine Cleavage System and cAMP Receptor Protein Co- Regulate CRISPR/ cas3 Expression to Resist Bacteriophage. Viruses 2020; 12:E90. [PMID: 31941083 DOI: 10.3390/v12010090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The CRISPR/Cas system protects bacteria against bacteriophage and plasmids through a sophisticated mechanism where cas operon plays a crucial role consisting of cse1 and cas3. However, comprehensive studies on the regulation of cas3 operon of the Type I-E CRISPR/Cas system are scarce. Herein, we investigated the regulation of cas3 in Escherichia coli. The mutation in gcvP or crp reduced the CRISPR/Cas system interference ability and increased bacterial susceptibility to phage, when the casA operon of the CRISPR/Cas system was activated. The silence of the glycine cleavage system (GCS) encoded by gcvTHP operon reduced cas3 expression. Adding N5, N10-methylene tetrahydrofolate (N5, N10-mTHF), which is the product of GCS-catalyzed glycine, was able to activate cas3 expression. In addition, a cAMP receptor protein (CRP) encoded by crp activated cas3 expression via binding to the cas3 promoter in response to cAMP concentration. Since N5, N10-mTHF provides one-carbon unit for purine, we assumed GCS regulates cas3 through associating with CRP. It was evident that the mutation of gcvP failed to further reduce the cas3 expression with the crp deletion. These results illustrated a novel regulatory pathway which GCS and CRP co-regulate cas3 of the CRISPR/Cas system and contribute to the defence against invasive genetic elements, where CRP is indispensable for GCS regulation of cas3 expression.
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Lan H, Wu L, Fan K, Sun R, Yang G, Zhang F, Yang K, Lin X, Chen Y, Tian J, Wang S. Set3 Is Required for Asexual Development, Aflatoxin Biosynthesis, and Fungal Virulence in Aspergillus flavus. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:530. [PMID: 31001207 PMCID: PMC6455067 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aspergillus flavus is an opportunistic pathogenic fungus for both plant and animal that produces carcinogenic toxins termed aflatoxins (AFs). To identify possible genetic targets to reduce AF contamination, in this study, we have characterized a novel A. flavus Set3, and it shares sequence homology with the yeast protein Set3. The set3 deletion mutants present no difference in growth rate but alterations in asexual development and secondary metabolite production when compared to the A. flavus wild type. Specifically, deletion of set3 gene decreases conidiophore formation and conidial production through downregulating expression of brlA and abaA genes. In addition, normal levels of set3 are required for sclerotial development and expression of sclerotia-related genes nsdC and sclR. Further analyses demonstrated that Set3 negatively regulates AF production as well as the concomitant expression of genes in the AF gene cluster. Importantly, our results also display that A. flavus Set3 is involved in crop kernel colonization. Taking together, these results reveal that a novel Set3 plays crucial roles in morphological development, secondary metabolism, and fungal virulence in A. flavus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huahui Lan
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins of Fujian Province, Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology of Education Ministry, and School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lianghuan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins of Fujian Province, Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology of Education Ministry, and School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Kun Fan
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins of Fujian Province, Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology of Education Ministry, and School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ruilin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins of Fujian Province, Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology of Education Ministry, and School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins of Fujian Province, Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology of Education Ministry, and School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins of Fujian Province, Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology of Education Ministry, and School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Kunlong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins of Fujian Province, Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology of Education Ministry, and School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.,College of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiaolu Lin
- Longyan City Corporation of Fujian Tobacco Corporation, Longyan, China
| | - Yanhong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins of Fujian Province, Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology of Education Ministry, and School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jun Tian
- College of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Shihua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins of Fujian Province, Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology of Education Ministry, and School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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15
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Hui B, Xu Y, Zhao B, Ji H, Ma Z, Xu S, He Z, Wang K, Lu J. Overexpressed long noncoding RNA TUG1 affects the cell cycle, proliferation, and apoptosis of pancreatic cancer partly through suppressing RND3 and MT2A. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:1043-1057. [PMID: 30787623 PMCID: PMC6368419 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s188396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in various human diseases, including cancers. However, their mechanisms remain undocumented. We investigated alterations in lncRNA that may be related to pancreatic cancer (PC) through analysis of microarray data. Methods In the present study, quantitative real-time PCR analysis was used to examine the expression of taurine upregulated 1 (TUG1) in PC tissue samples and PC cell lines. In PC cell lines, MTT assays, colony formation assays, and flow cytometry were used to investigate the effects of TUG1 on proliferation, cell cycle regulation, and apoptosis. Moreover, we established a xenograft model to assess the effect of TUG1 on tumor growth in vivo. The molecular mechanism of potential target genes was detected through nuclear separation experiments, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), chromatin immunoprecipitation assays (ChIP), and other experimental methods. Results The findings suggest that the abnormally high expression of TUG1 in PC tissues was associated with tumor size and pathological stage. Knockdown of TUG1 blocked the cell cycle and accelerated apoptosis, thereby inhibiting the proliferation of PC cells. In addition, RIP experiments showed that TUG1 can recruit enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) to the promoter regions of Rho family GTPase 3 (RND3) and metallothionein 2A (MT2A) and inhibit their expression at the transcriptional level. Furthermore, ChIP experiments demonstrated that EZH2 could bind to the promoter regions of RND3 and MT2A. The knockdown of TUG1 reduced this binding capacity. Conclusion In conclusion, our data suggest that TUG1 may regulate the expression of PC-associated tumor suppressor genes at the transcriptional level and these may become potential targets for the diagnosis and treatment of PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingqing Hui
- Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, China, .,Department of Oncology, Second Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, China,
| | - Yetao Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Benpeng Zhao
- Basic Medicine Faculty of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Core Facility of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Hao Ji
- Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, China, .,Department of Oncology, Second Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, China,
| | - Zhonghua Ma
- Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, China, .,Department of Oncology, Second Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, China,
| | - Shufen Xu
- Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, China, .,Department of Oncology, Second Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, China,
| | - ZhenYu He
- Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, China, .,Department of General Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Keming Wang
- Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, China, .,Department of Oncology, Second Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, China,
| | - Jianwei Lu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, China,
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16
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Fekete T, Bencze D, Szabo A, Csoma E, Biro T, Bacsi A, Pazmandi K. Regulatory NLRs Control the RLR-Mediated Type I Interferon and Inflammatory Responses in Human Dendritic Cells. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2314. [PMID: 30344524 PMCID: PMC6182093 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Unique members of the nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat (NLR) family have been found to regulate intracellular signaling pathways initiated by other families of pattern recognition receptors (PRR) such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and retinoic-acid inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs). Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), the most powerful type I interferon (IFN) producing cells, preferentially employ endosomal TLRs to elicit antiviral IFN responses. By contrast, conventional DCs (cDCs) predominantly use cytosolic RLRs, which are constitutively expressed in them, to sense foreign nucleic acids. Previously we have reported that, though RIG-I is absent from resting pDCs, it is inducible upon TLR stimulation. In the recent study we investigated the regulatory ability of NLRs, namely NLRC5 and NLRX1 directly associated with the RLR-mediated signaling pathway in DC subtypes showing different RLR expression, particularly in pDCs, and monocyte-derived DCs (moDCs). Here we demonstrate that similarly to RLRs, NLRC5 is also inducible upon TLR9 stimulation, whereas NLRX1 is constitutively expressed in pDCs. Inhibition of NLRC5 and NLRX1 expression in pDCs augmented the RLR-stimulated expression of type I IFNs but did not affect the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF, IL-6, and the chemokine IL-8. Further we show that immature moDCs constantly express RLRs, NLRX1 and NLRC5 that are gradually upregulated during their differentiation. Similarly to pDCs, NLRX1 suppression increased the RLR-induced production of type I IFNs in moDCs. Interestingly, RLR stimulation of NLRX1-silenced moDCs leads to a significant increase in pro-inflammatory cytokine production and IκBα degradation, suggesting increased NF-κB activity. On the contrary, NLRC5 does not seem to have any effect on the RLR-mediated cytokine responses in moDCs. In summary, our results indicate that NLRX1 negatively regulates the RLR-mediated type I IFN production both in pDCs and moDCs. Further we show that NLRX1 inhibits pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion in moDCs but not in pDCs following RLR stimulation. Interestingly, NLRC5 suppresses the RLR-induced type I IFN secretion in pDCs but does not appear to have any regulatory function on the RLR pathway in moDCs. Collectively, our work demonstrates that RLR-mediated innate immune responses are primarily regulated by NLRX1 and partly controlled by NLRC5 in human DCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tünde Fekete
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Dora Bencze
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Attila Szabo
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Eszter Csoma
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tamas Biro
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Attila Bacsi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Kitti Pazmandi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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