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Ramirez-Perez M, Ferrer-Urbina R, Flores A, Garcia V, Llancabure M. Construction and validation of a scale of sexual self-concept for the elderly Chilean population. F1000Res 2023; 11:1056. [PMID: 38222875 PMCID: PMC10784661 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.122077.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sexual self-concept has a central role in the life of the elderly population. Indeed, their sexual self-concept has significant and positive relationships with their satisfaction with life, pleasure, and willingness to interact with others. However, social-cultural prejudice means that the elderly are considered asexual individuals, harming their sexual self-concept. This prejudice is prominent in Chile, where the elderly do not have access to clear information about their sexuality. However, research on the Chilean elderly population is still in its infancy and requires more attention. Hence, this research aims to construct and validate a scale of sexual self-concept for the elderly Chilean population to cover this identified gap in the literature. METHODS Sixty items were integrated into the first version of the scale. Ten external judges were asked to assess the content validity. Twenty-eight items were maintained. Subsequently, an instrumental and cross-sectional design was implemented with a non-probabilistic sampling (N = 188). Items were refined with corrected homogeneity indices and conditional estimates of Cronbach's alpha and Omega coefficient. RESULTS A final scale of nine items equally distributed in three dimensions was obtained: Sexual self-efficacy (ω = 0.867), Sexual assertiveness (ω = 0.764), and Sexual self-esteem (ω = 0.803). The confirmatory factor analysis reflects that the theoretical model has an adequate fit (CFI = .989; TLI = .984; RMSEA = .086). CONCLUSIONS The data analyses confirmed that the scale has adequate psychometric properties. This scale can be used for multidimensional measurements of sexual self-concept in the elderly in Chile. Further research can confirm its psychometric properties in different settings within the Spanish language population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Ramirez-Perez
- Direccion de Investigación, Postgrado y Transferencia Tecnológica, Universidad de Tarapaca, Arica, 100000, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Ferrer-Urbina
- Direccion de Investigación, Postgrado y Transferencia Tecnológica, Universidad de Tarapaca, Arica, 100000, Chile
| | - Angela Flores
- Departamento de Psicología y Filosofia, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica, 1000000, Chile
| | - Valerie Garcia
- Departamento de Psicología y Filosofia, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica, 1000000, Chile
| | - Michelle Llancabure
- Departamento de Psicología y Filosofia, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica, 1000000, Chile
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Rye BJ. The Sexual Self as a Function of Relationship Status in an Emerging Adult Sample. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:505. [PMID: 37366757 DOI: 10.3390/bs13060505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A sample of emerging adult university students completed a survey with the goal of investigating components of "the sexual self" and how these constructs were influenced by romantic relationship status. Three general aspects of the sexual self were considered: sexual self-concept, comfort with sexuality, and past sexual behavior. Sexual self-concept was defined as composed of constructs such as sexual self-schema, self-efficacy, consciousness, optimism, problem self-blame, power/other control, and motivation to avoid risky sex. Sexual comfort, conceptualized as a personality disposition of erotophobia-erotophilia, was assessed using three instruments. This included the Sexual Opinion Survey, the original individual difference measure of erotophobia-erotophilia. Past sexual behavior was assessed with the Derogatis Sexual Functioning Inventory. Findings suggested that individuals in a relationship had more positive sexual self-concepts and were more erotophilic and comfortable with sexuality generally. These differences were modest, based on effect size statistics. Past sexual experience also differed, contingent on relationship status. Some sexual self-concept scales were predictive of sexual satisfaction, while comfort with sexuality was predictive of relational satisfaction. Romantic relationships may have important implications for sexual selfhood, but this is a tentative suggestion, as this was a correlational study and the relationships are likely bidirectional.
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Affiliation(s)
- B J Rye
- Department of Psychology, St. Jerome's University at the University of Waterloo, 290 Westmount Road North, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G3, Canada
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3
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Guyon R, Fernet M, Girard M, Cousineau MM, Tardif M, Godbout N. Who am I as a Sexual Being? The Role of Sexual Self-Concept Between Dispositional Mindfulness and Sexual Satisfaction among Child Sexual Abuse Survivors. J Interpers Violence 2023; 38:5591-5612. [PMID: 36113079 PMCID: PMC9969487 DOI: 10.1177/08862605221123290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) is associated with long-lasting and pervasive impacts on survivors' sexual health, particularly on their sexual satisfaction. Dispositional mindfulness has been found to be associated with greater sexual satisfaction among adult CSA survivors. However, the mechanisms involved in this association remain understudied. The present study examined the role of sexual self-concept (i.e., sexual esteem, sexual preoccupation, and sexual depression) in the relationship between dispositional mindfulness and sexual satisfaction among CSA survivors. A total of 176 adult CSA survivors (60.6% women, 39.4% men) completed an online survey assessing dispositional mindfulness, sexual self-concept, and sexual satisfaction. Path analyses revealed that dispositional mindfulness was positively related to sexual satisfaction through a significant indirect effect of higher sexual esteem and lower sexual depression. The integrative model explained 66.5% of the variance in sexual satisfaction. These findings highlight the key roles that dispositional mindfulness and sexual self-concept play in CSA survivors' sexual satisfaction. Implications for interventions based on trauma-sensitive mindfulness targeting the sexual self-concept are discussed, as they may promote sexual satisfaction in adult CSA survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxanne Guyon
- Université du Québec à Montréal,
Canada
- Roxanne Guyon, Department of Sexology,
Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal,
Québec, Canada.
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Ng AHN, Boey KW, Kwan CW, Ho RYF, Ho DYL. Sexual Self-Concept and Psychological Functioning of Women With a History of Childhood Sexual Abuse in Hong Kong. Int J Sex Health 2022; 34:177-196. [PMID: 38596530 PMCID: PMC10903682 DOI: 10.1080/19317611.2021.2022819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Sexual self-concept (SSC) is an important component of health that is closely associated with the well-being of survivors of child sexual abuse (CSA). Compared with non-CSA respondents, SSC of CSA survivors was deleteriously affected, resulting in ineffective psychological functioning (negative self-evaluation, psychological ill-health, and difficulties in interpersonal relationships). Negative SSC (sexual anxiety, sexual depression, and sexual fear) played a significant role in mediating the adverse effects of CSA on psychological functioning. Future studies may recruit a sample with greater variation in CSA characteristics and use externalizing problems as outcome measures to cross-validate findings of this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Hoi Nga Ng
- Research Unit on Love, Marriage and Family, School of Humanities and Languages, Caritas Institute of Higher Education, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kam Weng Boey
- Research Unit on Love, Marriage and Family, School of Humanities and Languages, Caritas Institute of Higher Education, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chi Wai Kwan
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Rosanna Yim Fan Ho
- Caritas Project for Adult Survivors of Childhood Trauma, Caritas Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dorothy Yee Lin Ho
- Caritas Project for Adult Survivors of Childhood Trauma, Caritas Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Kennis M, Duecker F, T’Sjoen G, Sack AT, Dewitte M. Mental and sexual well-being in non-binary and genderqueer individuals. Int J Transgend Health 2021; 23:442-457. [PMID: 36324878 PMCID: PMC9621256 DOI: 10.1080/26895269.2021.1995801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-binary and genderqueer (NBGQ) individuals do not identify with a binary gender identity. Some but not all NBGQ individuals identify as transgender, and it is currently unclear on which aspects of mental and sexual well-being NBGQ and binary transgender individuals may differ. AIM To compare NBGQ, binary transgender and cisgender individuals on variables related to mental well-being, sexual well-being, and sexual self-concept discrepancies. METHODS We conducted an online questionnaire study in 125 transgender men, 72 transgender women, 78 NBGQ individuals, 98 cisgender men, and 107 cisgender women. RESULTS For most variables, NBGQ individuals did not differ from binary transgender individuals. These two groups differed only on gender dysphoria and transgender specific body image worries, which were both lower in the NBGQ group. Compared to the cisgender group, NBGQ individuals scored higher on gender dysphoria, actual/ought sexual self-concept discrepancies, and actual/ideal sexual self-concept discrepancies, and lower on general life satisfaction and sexual esteem related to body perception. DISCUSSION These results offer a first quantitative analysis of sexual well-being in NBGQ individuals, and highlight that - while both groups face unique challenges - NBGQ individuals encounter similar difficulties concerning mental and sexual well-being as binary transgender individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Kennis
- Department of Clinical Psychological Science, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Maastricht Brain Imaging Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Felix Duecker
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Maastricht Brain Imaging Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Guy T’Sjoen
- Department of Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Sexology and Gender, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Alexander T. Sack
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Maastricht Brain Imaging Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Center for Integrative Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Marieke Dewitte
- Department of Clinical Psychological Science, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
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Evans-Paulson R, Widman L, Brasileiro J, Maheux AJ, Choukas-Bradley S. Examining the Link Between Sexual Self-Concept and Sexual Communication among Adolescents. Commun Q 2021; 69:525-543. [PMID: 34707323 PMCID: PMC8545267 DOI: 10.1080/01463373.2021.1969585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to move beyond a sexual risk framework to investigate the possible associations among three sex-positive constructs for adolescents: their sexual self-concept (i.e., their positive/negative feelings about themselves as sexual beings), their sexual communication with romantic/sexual partners, and their sexual communication self-efficacy. We also examined differences in these constructs by sexual intercourse experience and gender. Participants were 171 adolescents who had been in a dating or sexual relationship in the past year (M age=16.32 years; 64.3% girls). Compared to girls, boys had more positive sexual self-concepts but less self-efficacy to communicate with their partners about sex. Adolescents who reported having had sexual intercourse had more positive sexual self-concepts as well as more frequent partner sexual communication compared to adolescents without sexual intercourse experience. Adolescents with a more positive sexual self-concept had higher sexual communication self-efficacy and reported more frequent sexual communication. In addition, sexual communication self-efficacy partially mediated the relationship between sexual self-concept and sexual communication. Results highlight the connection between sexual self-concept and sexual communication and contribute to a growing body of work on the positive aspects of adolescent sexuality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reina Evans-Paulson
- Innovation Research & Training, 5316 Highgate Drive, Suite 125, Durham, NC 27713
| | - Laura Widman
- North Carolina State University, Department of Psychology, Campus Box 7650, Raleigh, NC, USA 27695-7650
| | - Julia Brasileiro
- North Carolina State University, Department of Psychology, Campus Box 7650, Raleigh, NC, USA 27695-7650
| | - Anne J. Maheux
- University of Delaware, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, 105 The Green, Newark, DE, USA 197716
| | - Sophia Choukas-Bradley
- University of Delaware, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, 105 The Green, Newark, DE, USA 197716
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Abstract
Studies reveal that prenatal health-care providers and educators often refrain from discussing sexuality with their patients. The present study explored the relationship between sexuality and pregnancy by considering whether the way in which women view themselves sexually is associated with their experience of pregnancy. Findings revealed that a positive sexual self was significantly related to a positive experience of pregnancy and that particular experiences of pregnancy were more significantly related to how women viewed themselves sexually than others. The findings encourage further discussion regarding the role that comprehensive sex education and training of prenatal health-care providers might play in ultimately establishing open, honest, and nonjudgmental discussions about sexuality between providers and their pregnant patients and partners.
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van Oosten JMF, de Vries DA, Peter J. The Importance of Adolescents' Sexually Outgoing Self-Concept: Differential Roles of Self- and Other-Generated Sexy Self-Presentations in Social Media. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw 2017; 21:5-10. [PMID: 29053372 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2016.0671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated the relationships between (exposure to) sexy self-presentations on social network sites (SNSs) and adolescents' sexual self-concept over time. Results from a three-wave panel study among 1,288 Dutch adolescents (aged 13-17 years) showed that more frequent engagement in sexy self-presentation, rather than exposure to sexy self-presentations of others, on SNSs positively predicted the importance of being sexually outgoing (e.g., sexy, seductive, and wild) in adolescents' self-concept 6 months later.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna M F van Oosten
- 1 Department of Communication Science, Amsterdam School of Communication Research (ASCoR), University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dian A de Vries
- 2 Department of Youth and Family, Utrecht University , Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jochen Peter
- 1 Department of Communication Science, Amsterdam School of Communication Research (ASCoR), University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Abstract
Background: People with visual disability have lower self-esteem and social skills than sighted people. This study was designed to describe self-esteem and general and sexual self-concepts in blind people. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study, conducted in the Isfahan University of Medical Sciences in 2013-2014. In this study, 138 visually impaired people participated from Isfahan Province Welfare Organization and were interviewed for measuring of self-esteem and self-concept using Eysenck self-esteem and Rogers’ self-concept questionnaires. The correlation between above two variables was measured using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software by Pearson correlation test. Results: Mean [± standard deviation (SD)] age of patients was 30.9 ± 8 years. The mean (±SD) of general self-concept score was 11 ± 5.83. The mean (±SD) of self-esteem score was 16.62 ± 2.85. Pearson correlation results showed a significant positive correlation between self-esteem and general self-concept (r = 0.19, P = 0.025). The mean of sexual self-concept scores in five subscales (sexual anxiety, sexual self-efficacy, sexual self-esteem, sexual fear, and sexual depression) were correspondingly 11 ± 4.41, 19.53 ± 4.53, 12.96 ± 4.19, 13.48 ± 1.76, and 5.38 ± 2.36. Self-esteem and self-concept had significant positive correlation with sexual anxiety (r = 0.49; P < 0.001) (r = –.23; P < 0.001) and sexual fear (r = 0.25; P = 0.003) (r = 0.18; P = 0.02) and negative correlation with sexual self-efficacy (r = –0.26; P = 0.002) (r = –0.28; P = 0.001) and sexual-esteem (r = –0.34; P < 0.001) (r = –0.34; P < 0.001). Conclusion: Self-esteem and self-concept had significant correlation with sexual anxiety and sexual fear; and negative correlation with sexual self-efficacy and sexual-esteem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Salehi
- Department of Psychiatry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Abas Azarbayejani
- Department of Psychiatry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Katayoun Shafiei
- Department of Psychiatry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Tayebe Ziaei
- Counseling and Reproductive Health Research Centre, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Bahar Shayegh
- Department of Pediatric Psychiatric, Al Zahra Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Abstract
The current article describes the adaptation of a measure of sexual orientation self-concept ambiguity (SSA) from an existing measure of general self-concept clarity. Latent "trait" scores of SSA reflect the extent to which a person's beliefs about their own sexual orientation are perceived as inconsistent, unreliable, or incongruent. Sexual minority and heterosexual women ( n = 348), ages 18 to 30, completed a cross-sectional survey. Categorical confirmatory factor analysis guided the selection of items to form a 10-item, self-report measure of SSA. In the current report, we also examine (a) reliability of the 10-item scale score, (b) measurement invariance based on respondents' sexual identity status and age group, and (c) correlations with preexisting surveys that purport to measure similar constructs and theoretical correlates. Evidence for internal reliability, measurement invariance (based on respondent sex), and convergent validity was also investigated in an independent, validation sample. The lowest SSA scores were reported by women who self-ascribed an exclusively heterosexual or exclusively lesbian/gay sexual identity, whereas those who reported a bisexual, mostly lesbian/gay, or mostly heterosexual identity, reported relatively higher SSA scores.
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Parent MC, Talley AE, Schwartz EN, Hancock DW. I Want Your Sex: The Role of Sexual Exploration in Fostering Positive Sexual Self-Concepts for Heterosexual and Sexual Minority Women. Psychol Sex Orientat Gend Divers 2015; 2:199-204. [PMID: 26380352 DOI: 10.1037/sgd0000097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Openness and self-exploration have been associated with myriad benefits. Within the realm of sexuality, sexual exploration may be 1 facet of openness and self-exploration that yields benefits. Prior literature suggests that such exploration may have benefits for sexual orientation minority persons, though limited research has investigated the benefits of sexual exploration for heterosexuals. The present study used data from 346 adult women (185 exclusively heterosexual, 161 not exclusively heterosexual) to investigate the role of sexual exploration as a mediator between sexual orientation status and positivity toward sex. Results of a structural equation modeling analysis supported mediation of the relationship between sexual orientation and sexual positivity via sexual exploration. Implications for future research and clinical interventions are presented.
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Ziaei T, Khoei EM, Salehi M, Farajzadegan Z. Psychometric properties of the Farsi version of modified Multidimensional Sexual Self-concept Questionnaire. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res 2013; 18:439-45. [PMID: 24554940 PMCID: PMC3917125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The awareness regarding the contribution of sexual self-concept to healthy sexual well-being is on a rise. The Multidimensional Sexual Self-concept Questionnaire (MSSCQ) was developed to assess the 20 aspects related to sexual self-concept and has been widely applied in Western societies. The adequacy of its application in Iran has not been determined in order to guaranty its reliability and validity. An attempt was made here to interpret this questionnaire in Farsi and adopt it in Iran with respect to psychometric properties of the native youth. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional design was employed and 352 couples were recruited from a premarital consulting center in Isfahan, Iran on a random basis. The MSSCQ was translated into Farsi and back-translated by four bilingual scholars. Face and content validity of the questionnaire was determined. Internal consistency was evaluated by applying Cronbach's alpha. Pearson correlation coefficient was employed. The adopted model was tested through confirmatory factor analysis using SPSS-AMOS software (version 16). RESULTS The mean age of couples was 25.68 years (women 23.92 ± 2.92 years and men 27.44 ± 3.14 years). The obtained Cronbach's alpha was 0.88. Twenty-two items with an impact score below 1.5 and content validity index <0.70 were omitted. Pearson correlation showed positive and negative correlations among the dimensions. Sexual anxiety, fear of sex, and sexual depression had negative correlation with the other dimensions (r = -0.36, r = -0.43, r = -0.32, respectively). The model exhibited adequate fitness: χ(2)/df = 4.95, goodness-of-fit index = 0.95, adjusted goodness-of-fit index = 0.91, normed fit index = 0.94, comparative fit index = 0.95, and root mean square error of approximation = 0.07. CONCLUSION The Farsi version of MSSCQ with 78 items is valuable and reliable to be applied on the youth in Isfahan. This questionnaire was verified under two main categories through confirmatory factor analysis: negative sexual self-concept and positive sexual self-concept.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teyebe Ziaei
- Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Effat Merghati Khoei
- Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Salehi
- Department of Psychiatry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ziba Farajzadegan
- Department of Community Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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