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Gao M, Yang X, Wu Y, Wang J, Hu X, Ma Z, Zhou JH. Analysis for codon usage bias in membrane anchor of nonstructural protein 5A from BVDV. J Basic Microbiol 2023; 63:1106-1114. [PMID: 37407515 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202300080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
The nonstructural protein 5A (NS5A) of the bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is a monotopic membrane protein. This protein can anchor to the cell membrane by an in-plane amphipathic ⍺-helix, which participates in the viral replication complex. In this study, the effects of synonymous codon usage pattern of NS5A and the overall transfer RNA (tRNA) abundance in cells on the formation of the in-plane membrane anchor of NS5A were analyzed, based on NS5A coding sequences of different BVDV genotypes. BVDV NS5A coding sequences represent the most potential for BVDV genotyping. Moreover, the nucleotide usage of BVDV NS5A dominates the genotype-specific pattern of synonymous codon usage. There is an obvious relationship between synonymous codon usage bias and the spatial conformation of the in-plane membrane anchor. Furthermore, the overall tRNA abundance profiling displays that codon positions with a high level of tRNA abundance are more than ones with a low level of tRNA abundance in the in-plane membrane anchor, implying that high translation speed probably acts on the spatial conformation of in-plane membrane anchor of BVDV NS5A. These results give a new opinion on the effect of codon usage bias in the formation of the in-plane membrane anchor of BVDV NS5A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xuanye Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yuhu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jinqian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xinyan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Zhongren Ma
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou
| | - Jian-Hua Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou
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Wu TH, Jiang B, Liu WM, Li JQ, Song ZY, Lu PR. Time trends and gender disparities of Chinese cataract burden and their predictions. Int J Ophthalmol 2023; 16:1527-1534. [PMID: 37724286 PMCID: PMC10475628 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2023.09.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the trends and changes in the number and rates of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and prevalence of cataract in China between 1990 and 2019, and to predict the trends of cataract burden from 2020 to 2030. METHODS The Global Burden of Diseases (GBD) database was employed to collect the data on DALYs and the prevalence of cataract in China, which was distinguished by age and sex during the past three decades from 1990 to 2019, and then changes in the number and rates of cataract from 2020 to 2030 were predicted. All data were analyzed by the R program (version 4.2.2) and GraphPad Prism 9.0 statistics software. RESULTS The number of DALYs of cataract increased from 449 322.84 in 1990 to 1 087 987.61 in 2019, number of cataract cases increased from 5 607 600.94 in 1990 to 18 142 568.96 in 2019. The age-standardized DALY rates (ASDR) generally increased slightly [estimated annual percentage change (EAPC=0.1; 95%CI: -0.24 to 0.45), age-standardized prevalence rates (ASPR) also increased (EAPC=0.88; 95%CI: 0.6 to 1.15). Cataract burden increased with age and female gender. Among the causes of cataract, air pollution was the most important, followed by smoking, high fasting plasma glucose, and high body mass index (BMI). The burden of cataract is predicted to grow persistently from 2020 to 2030, the number of DALYs and prevalence for cataract will rise to 2 336 431 and 43 698 620 respectively by 2030, the ASDR is predicted to be 85/100 000 and ASPR will be 1586/100 000 in 2030, females will still be at greater risk of suffering from cataract than males. CONCLUSION The burden of cataract in China kept rising from 1990 to 2019. Increasing age and female gender are risk factors for cataract. Air pollution, smoking, high fasting plasma glucose, and high BMI are associated with cataract. The burden of cataract in China will gradually increase from 2020 to 2030, the elderly women in particular need attention. Our results may be of help for providing reference strategies to reduce cataract burden in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Hong Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wei-Ming Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jian-Qing Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zi-Yue Song
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Pei-Rong Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu Province, China
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Filatova YS, Ilyin MV. [The use of sodium hyaluronate to treat upper limb disease: A review]. TERAPEVT ARKH 2023; 95:438-443. [PMID: 38158998 DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2023.05.202273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The most common diseases of the upper limb are osteoarthritis (OA) of the joints of the hands, lateral epiconlitis, tendinitis of the shoulder muscles, adhesive capsulitis. OA of the shoulder and acromioclavicular joints is less common. The development of acute and subacute pain in the elbow and shoulder joints in the vast majority of cases is determined by the pathology of soft tissues: muscles, ligamentous apparatus and related synovial bags, making it difficult to diagnose. A clinical and radiological heterogeneity of OA of the joints of the hands is a very complex pathology for the study, and also to create a unified algorithms for therapy. Therapy nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are effective in the short term, but it has several side effects. Despite a variety of attempts at therapy with successful and unsuccessful outcome, the attention of researchers for several decades converted to the injection therapy with hyaluronic acid. The article presents the data of studies demonstrating the anti-inflammatory effect of hyaluronic acid in the treatment of OA, as well as the results of clinical trials and data system of meta-analysis demonstrating the effectiveness of intra-articular and extra-articular therapy tendinopathy of the upper limb. Most of the cited studies demonstrated the efficacy and good tolerance of 1% sodium hyaluronate. In the domestic market it is presented in the drug Flexotron Forte. The authors provide the results of the study results, demonstrating the efficacy and safety of using Flexotron Forte to clinical practice.
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Calatayud J, Morera Á, Casaña J, Del Pozo Cruz B, Andersen LL, López-Bueno R. Occupational physical activity trends from 1987 to 2017: A nationally representative sample of 160,509 Spanish adults. Eur J Sport Sci 2022; 23:851-858. [PMID: 35332838 DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2022.2058418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To estimate temporal and updated trends of OPA among Spanish adult population during the period between 1987 and 2017. METHODS We used all available rounds of the Spanish National Health Survey (160,509 adults, mean age 44.6 years [SD 16.6], 50.3% women) and multivariate regressions to determine temporal trends of high OPA from 1987 to 2017 in the general working population of Spain. RESULTS The highest OPA prevalence was observed for participants aged 31-49 years in the 2003 survey. The prevalence of high OPA was generally low, but increased slightly over time in the 18-30, 50-64, and 65-75 years old (p<0.001 for trend). In contrast, a general reduction in OPA was observed in the 16-17 years old (p<0.001 for trend). Men consistently showed higher OPA prevalence than women. CONCLUSIONS This study reports an increase in OPA prevalence in Spain from 1987 to 2017, which is low and significant in most socio-demographic groups, but small in absolute terms. The youngest group had a marked decreased in OPA prevalence over the course of the study. Men consistently showed higher OPA prevalence than women, but differences have become smaller in recent years. Our results may assist in the establishment of interventional strategies and future policies among specific subgroups.Highlights: There is an increase in OPA prevalence in Spain from 1987 to 2017.The youngest group had a marked decreased in OPA prevalence over the course of the study.Men consistently showed higher OPA prevalence than women, but differences have become smaller in recent years.Frequent national surveillance of OPA to monitor long-term development of the working environment should be mandatory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquín Calatayud
- Exercise Intervention for Health Research Group (EXINH-RG), Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Álvaro Morera
- Exercise Intervention for Health Research Group (EXINH-RG), Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - José Casaña
- Exercise Intervention for Health Research Group (EXINH-RG), Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Borja Del Pozo Cruz
- Centre for Active and Healthy Ageing, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Lars L Andersen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Sport Sciences, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Rubén López-Bueno
- Exercise Intervention for Health Research Group (EXINH-RG), Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Physical Medicine and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
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Ortega-Loubon C, Ruiz López Del Prado G, Muñoz-Moreno MF, Gómez-Sánchez E, López-Herrero R, Sánchez-Quirós B, Lorenzo-Lopez M, Gómez-Pesquera E, Jorge-Monjas P, Bustamante-Munguira J, Álvarez FJ, Resino S, Tamayo E, Heredia-Rodríguez M. Impact of the Economic Crisis on Endocarditis Mortality in Spain: A Nationwide Study. Int J Health Serv 2021; 52:383-391. [PMID: 33913368 DOI: 10.1177/00207314211012357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Economic recession has dire consequences on overall health. None have explored the impact of economic crisis (EC) on infective endocarditis (IE) mortality. We conducted a retrospective, nationwide, temporal trend study analyzing mortality trends by age, sex, and adverse outcomes in patients diagnosed with IE in Spain from 1997 to 2014. Data were divided into two subperiods: pre-EC (January 1997-August 2008) and post-EC (September 2008-December 2014). A total of 25 952 patients presented with IE. The incidence increased from 301.4 to 365.1 per 10 000 000 habitants, and the mortality rate rose from 24.3% to 28.4%. Those aged >75 years experienced more adverse outcomes. Complications due to sepsis, shock, acute kidney injury requiring dialysis, and heart failure increased after the EC onset, and expenditures soared to €16 216. Expenditure per community was related to mortality (P < .001). The EC resulted as an independent predictor for mortality (hazard ratio 1.06; 95% confidence interval 1.01-1.11). Incidence and mortality rate in patients with IE after the onset of the EC have increased as a result of rising adverse outcomes despite an overall increased investment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Ortega-Loubon
- Clinic University Hospital of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.,Group for Biomedical Research in Critical Care Medicine (BioCritic), Valladolid, Spain
| | | | | | - Esther Gómez-Sánchez
- Clinic University Hospital of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.,Group for Biomedical Research in Critical Care Medicine (BioCritic), Valladolid, Spain
| | - Rocío López-Herrero
- Clinic University Hospital of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.,Group for Biomedical Research in Critical Care Medicine (BioCritic), Valladolid, Spain
| | - Belén Sánchez-Quirós
- Clinic University Hospital of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.,Group for Biomedical Research in Critical Care Medicine (BioCritic), Valladolid, Spain
| | - Mario Lorenzo-Lopez
- Clinic University Hospital of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.,Group for Biomedical Research in Critical Care Medicine (BioCritic), Valladolid, Spain
| | - Estefanía Gómez-Pesquera
- Clinic University Hospital of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.,Group for Biomedical Research in Critical Care Medicine (BioCritic), Valladolid, Spain
| | - Pablo Jorge-Monjas
- Clinic University Hospital of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.,Group for Biomedical Research in Critical Care Medicine (BioCritic), Valladolid, Spain
| | | | - F Javier Álvarez
- Group for Biomedical Research in Critical Care Medicine (BioCritic), Valladolid, Spain.,16782University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Salvador Resino
- Group for Biomedical Research in Critical Care Medicine (BioCritic), Valladolid, Spain.,38176Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo Tamayo
- Clinic University Hospital of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.,Group for Biomedical Research in Critical Care Medicine (BioCritic), Valladolid, Spain
| | - María Heredia-Rodríguez
- Clinic University Hospital of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.,Group for Biomedical Research in Critical Care Medicine (BioCritic), Valladolid, Spain
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Bakan AB, Aslan G, Aka P. An investigation of the effect of the psychoeducation program provided to alexithymic and violent adolescents on the level of alexithymia. J Child Adolesc Psychiatr Nurs 2020; 33:169-179. [PMID: 32662168 DOI: 10.1111/jcap.12285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PROBLEM Alexithymia is defined as difficulties in defining and describing feelings, differentiating feelings and bodily sensations caused by emotional arousal, and a combination of constricted imaginary processes. This study aims to investigate the effect of the psychoeducation program provided to individuals with alexithymia and violent tendencies adolescents on the level of alexithymia. METHODS This experimental study was conducted between February 2019 and April 2019. The sample was 80 volunteer adolescents (experimental group n = 40 and control group n = 40) who met the research criteria. Data were collected using the Sociodemographic Form, the Tendency to Violence Scale, and the Alexithymia Questionnaire for Children (AQC). The psychoeducation program was applied in the experimental group in 90-min sessions once a week throughout 9 weeks. FINDINGS There was a statistically significant decrease in the AQC posttest mean scores after the training provided to the experimental group (p < .01). CONCLUSIONS The psychoeducation provided to adolescents was found to reduce the level of alexithymia. It is recommended that similar studies should be conducted with larger groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayse B Bakan
- Department of Nursing, School of Health, Agri Ibrahim Cecen University, Agri, Turkey
| | - Gulpinar Aslan
- First and Immediate Aid Program, Agri Ibrahim Cecen University Health Services Vocational School, Agrı, Turkey
| | - Pinar Aka
- Therapy and Rehabilitation Program, Agri Ibrahim Cecen University Health Services Vocational School, Agrı, Turkey
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7
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Wu J, Sun H, Wang S, Yan Y, Sun F, Li Y, Yang G, Ma H. Trend in relative survival in squamous cervical cancer by decade from 1983 to 2012: a period analysis. Cancer Manag Res 2018; 10:3177-3191. [PMID: 30214310 PMCID: PMC6126506 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s167442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Squamous cervical cancer (SCC), the predominant histological type, represents approximately 75–80% of all cervical cancers. Although the overall incidence of cervical cancer has declined worldwide, the data describing the changes in the incidence and long-term survival in SCC remain limited. Methods The data were extracted from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registries for an evaluation of the changes in the incidence and survival associated with SCC during 1983–2012. In addition, the patients with SCC were stratified by age, race, and socioeconomic status (SES). Stata 12.0 software was used to perform the Cox regression and Spearman’s rank correlation analyses. Results The overall incidence of SCC constantly declined from 7.3 to 5.6 to 4.3 per 100,000 people; the peak age of incidence was 55–69 years in the first decade, while the 40–54 age group served as another incidence peak in the last 2 decades. Median survival increased from 189 months to 231 months in the first 2 decades and was not reached in the third decade. The 10-year relative survival rates (RSRs) changed from 63.2% to 66.5% to 62.1% across the 3 decades. Additionally, the survival gaps narrowed from 13% to 8% between Whites and Blacks and from 5.4% to 3.5% between low- and medium-poverty groups in the 3 decades. Conclusion This study demonstrated a declining incidence over the 3 decades with an improvement in median survival. However, the relative survival associated with SCC did not improve in the last decade. Furthermore, the survival gaps between races and various SESs significantly narrowed over the 3 decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinna Wu
- Department of Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Huanhuan Sun
- Department of Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Shuncong Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Yan Yan
- Department of Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Fengze Sun
- Department of Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Yushi Li
- Department of Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Guangwei Yang
- Department of Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Haiqing Ma
- Department of Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, People's Republic of China, ;
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Liang P, Xu W, Ma Y, Zhao X, Qin L. Increase of Elderly Population in the Rainstorm Hazard Areas of China. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2017; 14:E963. [PMID: 28846596 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14090963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 08/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In light of global warming, increased extreme precipitation events have enlarged the population exposed to floods to some extent. Extreme precipitation risk assessments are of great significance in China and allow for the response to climate change and mitigation of risks to the population. China is one of the countries most influenced by climate change and has unique national population conditions. The influence of extreme precipitation depends on the degree of exposure and vulnerability of the population. Accurate assessments of the population exposed to rising rainstorm trends are crucial to mapping extreme precipitation risks. Studying the population exposed to rainstorm hazard areas (RSHA) at the microscale is extremely urgent, due to the local characteristics of extreme precipitation events and regional diversity of the population. The spatial distribution of population density was mapped based on the national population census data from China in 1990, 2000 and 2010. RSHA were also identified using precipitation data from 1975-2015 in China, and the rainstorm tendency values were mapped using GIS in this paper. The spatial characteristics of the rainstorm tendencies were then analyzed. Finally, changes in the population in the RSHA are discussed. The results show that the extreme precipitation trends are increasing in southeastern China. From 1990 to 2010, the population in RSHA increased by 110 million, at a rate of 14.6%. The elderly in the region increased by 38 million at a rate of 86.4%. Studying the size of the population exposed to rainstorm hazards at the county scale can provide scientific evidence for developing disaster prevention and mitigation strategies from the bottom up.
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Tao L, Pu C, Shen S, Fang H, Wang X, Xuan Q, Xiao J, Li X. Tendency for age-specific mortality with hypertension in the European Union from 1980 to 2011. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015; 8:1611-1623. [PMID: 25932090 PMCID: PMC4402737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Tendency for mortality in hypertension has not been well-characterized in European Union (EU). Mortality data from 1980 to 2011 in EU were used to calculate age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR, per 100,000), annual percentage change (APC) and average annual percentage change (AAPC). The Joinpoint Regression Program was used to compare the changes in tendency. Mortality rates in the most recent year studied vary between different countries, with the highest rates observed in Slovakia men and Estonia women. A downward trend in ASMR was demonstrated over all age groups. Robust decreases in ASMR were observed for both men (1991-1994, APC = -13.54) and women (1996-1999, APC = -14.80) aged 55-65 years. The tendency of systolic blood pressure (SBP) from 1980 to 2009 was consistent with ASMR, and the largest decrease was observed among Belgium men and France women. In conclusion, SBP associated ASMR decreased significantly on an annual basis from 1980 to 2009 while a slight increase was observed after 2009. Discrepancies in ASMR from one country to another in EU are significant during last three decades. With a better understanding of the tendency of the prevalence of hypertension and its mortality, efforts will be made to improve awareness and help strict control of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichan Tao
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029, China
| | - Cunying Pu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029, China
| | - Shutong Shen
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029, China
| | - Hongyi Fang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029, China
| | - Xiuzhi Wang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029, China
| | - Qinkao Xuan
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029, China
| | - Junjie Xiao
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029, China
- Regeneration Lab and Experimental Center of Life Sciences, School of Life Science, Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444, China
| | - Xinli Li
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029, China
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Khorvash F, Mansorian M, Boroumandfar Z, Mohamadirizi S. An investigation on the association between students' knowledge and their tendency to take care of HIV patients among the students in nursing and midwifery school. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res 2014; 19:404-8. [PMID: 25183983 PMCID: PMC4145497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since nursing and midwifery students avoid taking care of the diseased patients and taking care of the patients with AIDS can be influenced by their level of knowledge, the present study aimed to define the association between students' knowledge and their tendency to take care of HIV patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a descriptive analytical study conducted on 210 students of Nursing and Midwifery School, who were selected through random stratified and convenient sampling in 2012. Inclusion criteria were having Iranian nationality, being a Muslim, passing two credits of nursing internship, and not being an AIDS patient. The exclusion criterion was any one of the parents or relatives suffering from AIDS. The data were collected by questionnaires of personal and familial characteristics, the level of awareness, and tendency to take care of AIDS patients. Questionnaires of AIDS awareness scale and AIDS care tendency scale are valid and reliable. The data were analyzed by charts, Pearson statistical test, t-test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Kruskal-Wallis, and linear regression through SPSS version 16. RESULTS The findings showed that 79.5% of the students had average awareness about AIDS and 61.4% had no tendency to take care of AIDS patients. Pearson correlation coefficient showed that there was a linear association between the score of awareness and tendency to take care of AIDS patients. The results of linear regression also showed that there was a significant association between the score of the tendency to take care of the patients and sex, education level, awareness, and educational course. CONCLUSIONS Since students' awareness level was not so high, special attention should be paid in this regard through more organized and precise programs. A separate university credit concerning the diseases and education through mass media should be also considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzin Khorvash
- Department of Infectious Disease, Medical School, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Nosocomial Infectiouse Diseases Research Center, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Marjan Mansorian
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zahra Boroumandfar
- Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Soheila Mohamadirizi
- Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran,Address for correspondence: Ms. Soheila Mohamadirizi, Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. E-mail:
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Du A, Zhou B, Zhang Z, Shen J. A Special Material or a New State of Matter: A Review and Reconsideration of the Aerogel. Materials (Basel) 2013; 6:941-968. [PMID: 28809350 PMCID: PMC5525157 DOI: 10.3390/ma6030941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2013] [Revised: 02/19/2013] [Accepted: 03/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The ultrahighly nanoporous aerogel is recognized as a state of matter rather than as a functional material, because of its qualitative differences in bulk properties, transitional density and enthalpy between liquid and gas, and diverse chemical compositions. In this review, the characteristics, classification, history and preparation of the aerogel were introduced. More attention was paid to the sol-gel method for preparing different kinds of aerogels, given its important role on bridging the synthetic parameters with the properties. At last, preparation of a novel single-component aerogel, design of a composite aerogel and industrial application of the aerogel were regarded as the research tendency of the aerogel state in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai Du
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
- School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Bin Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
- School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Zhihua Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
- School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Jun Shen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
- School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
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Falahi E, Ebrahimzadeh F, Anbari K. Determination of the causes of tendency toward red meat and meat products in the west of Iran. J Res Med Sci 2012; 17:373-7. [PMID: 23267400 PMCID: PMC3526132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2011] [Revised: 02/25/2012] [Accepted: 04/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although meat constitutes an important part of many consumers' diet, its consumption has become a quiet controversial issue. Several factors are effective on tendency to red meat consumption. The 2007's report of the world Cancer Research Fund makes the recommendation to limit the consumption of red meat to less than 500 g per week. The aim of this study is to determine meat and meat products consumption and causes of tendency to red meat among people of Khorramabad city, Iran. METHODS This cross- sectional study was carried out on 300 adults (178 women and 122 men; aged 19-70 years) of Khorramabad city, Iran. Red meat and processed meat intake (from a FFQ), demographic and causes of tendencies to red meat consumption (from a self-reported questionnaire) were evaluated. Statistical methods included independent t- test and one-way ANOVA. RESULTS Consumption of red meat and meat products was 531.8 ± 543.5 g/w and 132.5 ± 251.1 g/w, respectively. The most important factors of tendencies toward red meat consumption were delectability, palatability, accessibility, cultural and traditional beliefs, and lack of food diversity in Lorestan province, animal husbandry, nomadic life, and hospitality. Red meat consumption was more common among men and lower in the income levels of $300. CONCLUSIONS The results demonstrated that red meat consumption in adult people of the west of Iran was high. Since consumption of meat and meat products may create health concerns for people, it is necessary for policymakers to adopt effective strategies to advocate the use of fish and poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebrahim Falahi
- Department of Nutrition, Medical School, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran,Address for correspondence: Ebrahim Falahi, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Nutrition Department, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran. E-mail:
| | - Farzad Ebrahimzadeh
- Department of Statistic, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Khatere Anbari
- Department of Social Medicine, Medical School, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
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