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Wu J, Pan W, Chen S, Deng B. The stimulation mechanism of students' entrepreneurial intention in entrepreneurship course: A trait activation theory perspective. Front Psychol 2022; 13:1031435. [PMID: 36506977 PMCID: PMC9731803 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1031435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examines the extent to which flow experience inhibits/enhances the effects of students' creativity on their entrepreneurial intentions. This study provides evidence to support the contention that flow experience moderates the relationship between creativity and entrepreneurial intention by reference to a field survey of 226 Chinese college students in six college classes. Adopted by a hierarchical regression, this study found that creativity has a significant positive impact on entrepreneurial behavior. Within the subdimensions of flow, Intrinsic work motivation and Work enjoyment plays a significant positive moderating role in the relationship between creativity and entrepreneurial behavior, while absorption does not have such moderating effect. These findings reveal the process and mechanism by which creativity affects entrepreneurial intention and the associated psychological contingency factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wu
- School of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Guangzhou Panyu Polytechnic, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenhao Pan
- School of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Guangzhou Panyu Polytechnic, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuqiu Chen
- School of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Guangzhou Panyu Polytechnic, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baijun Deng
- School of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Guangzhou Panyu Polytechnic, Guangzhou, China,Programs’ Development Department-DBA Office, Montpellier Business School, Montpellier, France,*Correspondence: Baijun Deng,
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Chiang HL, Lien YC, Lin AP, Chuang YT. How Followership Boosts Creative Performance as Mediated by Work Autonomy and Creative Self-Efficacy in Higher Education Administrative Jobs. Front Psychol 2022; 13:853311. [PMID: 35712160 PMCID: PMC9194574 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.853311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Followership is an important but understudied domain. This study adopted a follower-centric perspective to examine the internal process by which followership affects creative performance via work autonomy and creative self-efficacy. The study employed a 3-wave survey of 341 employees of a Taiwanese university to achieve the research purpose. This study showed that effective followership (Time 1) is positively associated with employees' work autonomy (Time 1) and creative self-efficacy (Time 2). Work autonomy and creative self-efficacy mediate the relationship between effective followership and creative performance (Time 3). This study's empirical findings provide an improved way of measuring followership and broaden our understanding of how followership triggers intrinsic motivation to facilitate creative performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Ling Chiang
- Department of International Business, College of Management, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Chih Lien
- Department of International Business, College of Management, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - An-Pan Lin
- Department of Civic Education and Leadership, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ting Chuang
- Office of Administrative Affairs, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Kumar N, Liu Z, Jin Y. Evaluation of Employee Empowerment on Taking Charge Behaviour: An Application of Perceived Organizational Support as a Moderator. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2022; 15:1055-1066. [PMID: 35517430 PMCID: PMC9064171 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s355326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Based on trait activation theory, this study validates the boundary effect of perceived organizational support (POS) on employee empowerment (EE) to sustain employee's taking charge behaviour (TCB). It hypothesizes that EE has a strongly significant and positive relationship with TCB when POS is high. Methodology The authors selected a time-lagged cross-sectional study and collected data from two sources in manufacturing firms in China where 290 team members and 56 supervisors participated in the survey. In a questionnaire, team members self-reported employee empowerment, taking charge behaviour, and perceived organizational support, whereas supervisors rated employees' taking charge behaviour at individual-level to avoid common method bias. In addition, for meeting the study objectives statistically, we used SPSS-Process Macro for hypotheses testing. Findings The study findings were significant, in which employee empowerment demonstrated positive relationship with TCB under the boundary condition of POS but under low POS. This empirical result endorses that employee empowerment accelerated by perceptions of low organizational support demonstrates a positive impact on the development of taking charge behaviour. Practical Implications Receivers' reactions to organizational support are not constantly positive; sometimes, they might feel vulnerable or incapable, and sometimes "overhelped". Our study outcomes extend these streams of work by concentrating on support from the organization and authenticating an exclusive outline associating employee empowerment with perceived organizational support on employee's taking charge behaviour- specifically organizations might, rather counterintuitively, attain greater levels of empowered employee's taking charge behaviour by delivering less is more-oriented organizational support programs. More specifically, it is not always high, but sometimes low POS performs as a resilient situational factor or contextual moderator that is capable of activating and encouraging employee empowerment on their taking charge behaviour. Originality/Value This study highlights the importance of taking charge as trait-relevant behaviour by empowered employees (a trait in our case) and organizational support as a trait-relevant cue for sustainable performance in the manufacturing industry of China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilesh Kumar
- School of Business Administration, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- School of Management, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanghua Jin
- School of Business Administration, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Financial College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
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Akutsu S, Katsumura F, Yamamoto S. The Antecedents and Consequences of Workaholism: Findings From the Modern Japanese Labor Market. Front Psychol 2022; 13:812821. [PMID: 35369202 PMCID: PMC8964490 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.812821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study examined the direct and indirect (via workaholism) relationships between competitive work environments and subjective unhealthiness. It also examined the effects of adjusting for cognitive distortions in the relationship between a competitive work environment and subjective unhealthiness and between a competitive work environment and workaholism. Data were collected from 9,716 workers in various industries, occupations, and positions. The results show that competitive work environments were positively related to subjective unhealthiness, both directly and through workaholism. Furthermore, cognitive distortions moderated the positive effect between a competitive work environment and workaholism, and the positive relationship was stronger when cognitive distortions were high (as compared to low). This study has important and practical implications for companies that are increasingly concerned about the health of their employees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Akutsu
- School of International Corporate Strategy, Hitotsubashi University Business School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Katsumura
- School of International Corporate Strategy, Hitotsubashi University Business School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shohei Yamamoto
- School of International Corporate Strategy, Hitotsubashi University Business School, Tokyo, Japan
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Lang Y, Zhang H, Liu J, Zhang X. Narcissistic Enough to Challenge: The Effect of Narcissism on Change-Oriented Organizational Citizenship Behavior. Front Psychol 2022; 12:792818. [PMID: 35222155 PMCID: PMC8863597 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.792818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, organizations need to effectively manage changes, and employees need to proactively adapt to these changes. The present research investigated when and how individual employees' narcissism was related to their change-oriented organizational citizenship behavior. Specifically, based on a trait activation perspective, this research proposed the hypotheses that individual employees' narcissism and environmental uncertainty would interactively influence employees' change-oriented organizational citizenship behavior via felt responsibility for constructive change; furthermore, the effect of narcissism on change-oriented organizational citizenship behavior via felt responsibility for constructive change would be stronger when the environmental uncertainty prompted by the COVID-19 pandemic was high rather than low. Two studies were conducted to test these hypotheses: an online survey of 180 employees in mainland China (Study 1) and a field study of 167 leader-follower dyads at two Chinese companies (Study 2). The current research reveals a bright side of narcissism, which has typically been recognized as a dark personality trait, and enriches the understanding of the antecedents of change-oriented organizational citizenship behavior. This research can also guide organizations that wish to stimulate employee proactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Lang
- International Business School, Beijing Foreign Studies University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- CUFE Business School, Central University of Finance and Economics, Beijing, China
| | - Jialin Liu
- CUFE Business School, Central University of Finance and Economics, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- THU School of Economics and Management, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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Chu F, Liu S, Guo M, Liu R. Group strength in safety performance: the effects of group characteristics on individual personality expression in high-speed railway operators. Int J Occup Saf Ergon 2020; 28:909-922. [PMID: 33148121 DOI: 10.1080/10803548.2020.1846875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Objectives. In diverse working situations, the predictive effect of individual personality on job performance is not always the same. Thus, how to best understand and use personality in the workplace has been an important issue in recent years. Methods. Based on trait activation theory, the present study provides initial evidence from high-risk organizations (high-speed railway organizations) regarding interactionist effects of group-level characteristics on the relationship between individual personality (Big Five model) and safety performance (both safety compliance and safety participation). Data were obtained from a sample of high-speed rail operators from nine railway bureaus (N = 1012 from 86 working groups). Results. The results indicate that group conscientiousness, agreeableness and neuroticism enhance the relationship between individual personality and safety performance, while group openness weakens the relationship between individual personality and safety performance, and group extraversion has no effect on their relationship. Conclusion. These results suggest that high-risk organizations should focus not only on individual factors but also on the interactions between individual factors and group situations in individuals' safety performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulei Chu
- College of Business Administration, Capital University of Economics and Business, China
| | - Shuzhen Liu
- School of Business and Management, Beijing Jiaotong University, China
| | - Ming Guo
- School of Business and Management, Beijing Jiaotong University, China
| | - Ruijian Liu
- College of Economics and management, Beijing, University of Chemical Technology, China
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Wagner L, Holenstein M, Wepf H, Ruch W. Character Strengths Are Related to Students' Achievement, Flow Experiences, and Enjoyment in Teacher-Centered Learning, Individual, and Group Work Beyond Cognitive Ability. Front Psychol 2020; 11:1324. [PMID: 32765332 PMCID: PMC7378955 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
While character strengths have been found to predict educational outcomes beyond broad personality traits and cognitive ability, little is known about their differential contribution to success and positive learning experiences in different school settings. In this study, we use trait activation theory to investigate the relationships of students’ character strengths with achievement, flow experiences, and enjoyment in different learning situations (i.e., teacher-centered learning, individual tasks, and group work). In studying these relationships, we controlled for psychometric intelligence. Secondary school students (N = 255; 46.3% male; mean age = 14.5 years) completed a self-report measure of character strengths, the VIA-Youth (Park and Peterson, 2006b). Cognitive ability was assessed using a standardized intelligence test (PSB-R; Horn et al., 2003) at baseline. Three months later, students completed the Flow Short Scale (Rheinberg et al., 2003) adapted to the three learning situations and indicated their typical enjoyment of these situations. Both the students and their teachers (N = 18; 50% male; mean age = 44.8 years) provided ratings on school achievement in each of the three learning situations. Results indicate that, as expected, (a) certain character strengths (love of learning and perseverance) show consistent relationships with achievement and positive learning experiences (flow and enjoyment) above and beyond cognitive ability across all learning situations, whereas (b) other character strengths show differential trait-outcome relationships (e.g., the character strength of teamwork was predictive of achievement and positive learning experiences in group work). Taken together, these results suggest that different character strengths play a role in different school situations and that their contribution to explaining variance in educational outcomes is incremental to the contribution of cognitive ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Wagner
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Hannah Wepf
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Willibald Ruch
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Brandt ND, Lechner CM, Tetzner J, Rammstedt B. Personality, cognitive ability, and academic performance: Differential associations across school subjects and school tracks. J Pers 2019; 88:249-265. [PMID: 31009081 DOI: 10.1111/jopy.12482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM Personality traits and cognitive ability are well-established predictors of academic performance. Yet, how consistent and generalizable are the associations between personality, cognitive ability, and performance? Building on theoretical arguments that trait-performance relations should vary depending on the demands and opportunities for trait expression in the learning environment, we investigated whether the associations of personality (Big Five) and cognitive ability (fluid intelligence) with academic performance (grades and tests scores) vary across school subjects (German and math) and across ability-grouped school tracks (academic, intermediate, and vocational). METHOD Multiple group structural equation models in a large representative sample of ninth-grade students (N = 12,915) from the German National Educational Panel Study (NEPS). RESULTS Differential associations across school subjects emerged for cognitive ability, Emotional Stability, and Conscientiousness (math > German); and for Openness and Extraversion (German > math). Differential associations across school tracks emerged for cognitive ability, Conscientiousness (academic > intermediate > vocational) and Agreeableness (academic > intermediate > vocational). Personality traits explained more variation in academic performance in the academic than in the other tracks. CONCLUSION Most trait-performance relations varied across subjects, tracks, or both. These findings highlight the need for more nuanced and context-minded perspective on trait-performance relations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naemi D Brandt
- University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.,Leibniz Institute for Research and Information in Education, Berlin, Germany.,Leibniz Institute for Science and Mathematics Education, Kiel, Germany
| | - Clemens M Lechner
- GESIS - Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Julia Tetzner
- Leibniz Institute for Research and Information in Education, Berlin, Germany.,Leibniz Institute for Science and Mathematics Education, Kiel, Germany
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Rafiq A, Saleem S, Bashir M, Ali A. The paradox role of extraversion in the cross-cultural adjustment process of Asian expatriates. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2019; 12:179-194. [PMID: 30992685 PMCID: PMC6445346 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s191805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study is to present a broad-brush picture based on empirical evidence on the role of hindrance stressors, motivation, and cultural novelty in expatriate adjustment. Drawing on trait activation theory, this study examines the moderating role of extraversion in enhancing cultural adjustment to achieve positive work engagement and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) by expatriates. METHODS We gathered data using a sample of 458 eastern expatriates with current international assignments in different countries around the world. They completed questionnaires sent to them using online platforms for expatriates. RESULTS The results reveal that hindrance stressors and intrapersonal motivation significantly predict adjustment. Adjustment plays a partially mediating role in achieving OCB and expatriate work engagement. However, this work engagement is stronger when adjustment is used as a mediating factor. Surprisingly, our results provided paradox role of extraversion in predicting adjustment which was somewhat in contradiction to our hypothesized direction of moderating effect. CONCLUSION Our research puts forward strategies for international business organizations when assigning business expatriates, especially in novel cultures. Our research provides valuable information about expatriates' context for international organizations planning for the accomplishment of their assignments in distant cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asia Rafiq
- Lyallpur Business School (Division of Management), Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sharjeel Saleem
- Lyallpur Business School (Division of Management), Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Mohsin Bashir
- Lyallpur Business School (Division of Management), Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Arfan Ali
- Department of Public Administration, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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