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Alsaqat RT, Alhassan AK, Al Sweleh FS. Verbal workplace violence in the health sector in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e36760. [PMID: 38134073 PMCID: PMC10735092 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000036760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Psychological abuse, such as verbal abuse, has received less attention than physical violence because of the manifested bodily harm caused by physical violence; however, verbal abuse has the highest percentage of violence worldwide. The consequences of verbal abuse in Saudi Arabia are similar to those in other countries. This study aims to determine the prevalence of verbal workplace violence in 12 months, the circumstances related to the event, and the consequences to both the attacker and the target person at all healthcare providers in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. This cross-sectional study included all healthcare providers registered with the Saudi Commission for Health Specialties who had worked for more than one year in the health sector in Saudi Arabia by May 2019. The researchers distributed questionnaires to the participants via email. Descriptive statistics were used to represent the basic properties of the data. Correlations between categorically measured variables were explored using the chi-square test for independence. Overall, 7398 healthcare workers (HCWs) voluntarily participated in the study. Overall, 49.1% encountered verbal abuse. Those who worked in the private sector and in shifts, particularly evening shifts, were significantly exposed to verbal abuse. Furthermore, pharmacists, followed by physicians, had the highest prevalence of workplace violence. Workplace verbal violence is highly prevalent, making it a major concern. Patients and their relatives are mostly the offenders of HCWs. Psychological ordeal, increased overwork, and reduced work capacity are the consequences of verbal abuse. Most victims do not report verbal violence, and this may result in an incorrect estimation of the problem. Therefore, encouragement to report verbal violence and additional research in Saudi Arabia are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem Tarik Alsaqat
- Department of Dentistry, Restorative Division, Princess Nourah bint Abdul Rahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aseel Khaled Alhassan
- Department of Dentistry, King Khalid Hospital in AlKharj, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Bayram A, Özsaban A, Torun Kiliç Ç. Verbal violence and missed nursing care: A phenomenological study. Int Nurs Rev 2023; 70:544-551. [PMID: 37647223 DOI: 10.1111/inr.12882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
AIM To define the missed care experiences of nurses exposed to verbal violence from patients. BACKGROUND Verbal violence takes the first place among the types of violence that nurses face in healthcare settings. This can cause negative emotional and physical responses in nurses and issues in patient and nurse interaction. As a result, it may lead to missed nursing care, defined as skipped, postponed or incomplete care during the patient's care. METHODS This is a phenomenological study. The study sample included 16 nurses working in inpatient clinics who reported experiencing verbal violence at least once in Turkey. The study was conducted between January and February 2022 with institutional permission and ethics committee approval (09/12/2021-2021/357). A semi-structured interview method was used to collect data. The information gathered from the interviews underwent thematic analysis using an inductive approach. The 'Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ)' was used to report this qualitative study based on a comprehensive protocol. RESULTS The types of verbal violence most frequently faced by nurses were determined as swearing, insulting, shouting and threats. Study findings were classified into three main themes: (i) response to verbal violence, (ii) missed nursing care experiences and (iii) suggestions to cope with verbal violence. The most felt emotions in the face of verbal violence were feeling sad, unsafe and worthless. Nurses common behaviours, in response to verbal abuse were ignoring, getting used to, and wishing to get away. The examples of missed care included using non-therapeutic communication, postponing care or withdrawing from care. CONCLUSION Verbal violence caused negative emotional and behavioural responses in nurses, which, in turn, negatively affected the nurse-patient interaction. These findings mean that verbal violence may pave the way for missed nursing care. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING POLICY According to these findings, an uninterrupted nursing care process needs to focus on preventive measures against verbal violence and increase the administrative and legal support offered to nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysun Bayram
- Fundamentals of Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Aysel Özsaban
- Fundamentals of Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Çiğdem Torun Kiliç
- Nursing Management Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
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Önal Ö, Evcil FY, Batmaz K, Çoban B, Doğan E. Systematic review and meta-analysis of verbal and physical violence against healthcare workers in the Eastern Mediterranean Region. East Mediterr Health J 2023; 29:819-830. [PMID: 37947233 DOI: 10.26719/emhj.23.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Background Workplace violence is a serious threat to healthcare workers worldwide. Aim We aimed to determine the prevalence of physical and verbal violence against healthcare workers in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region and Türkiye. Methods We searched the Medline (via PubMed), Cochrane Library, Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science and ProQuest databases along with reference lists from selected articles. Studies of health workers exposed to verbal and/or physical violence by patients or their relatives conducted in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region and Türkiye among staff working in hospitals and primary health care services were included. Seventy-five of the 3513 articles identified of studies conducted during 1999-2021 were eligible. The data were analysed using MetaXL version 5.3 and STATA version 16. Results This study covered 69 024 healthcare workers from 22 countries. Meta-analysis showed that 63.0% (95% CI: 46.7- 79.2) of them had experienced verbal violence and 17.0% (95.0% CI: 14.0-21.0) experienced physical violence. There was no significant difference for sample size, professional group, quality score, or response rate. The frequency of physical and verbal violence in the subgroup analysis was statistically significantly different for countries and years. Conclusion Findings from this study provide useful information for policymaking regarding interventions to prevent or minimize violence against healthcare workers in the Eastern Mediterranean Region and Türkiye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özgür Önal
- Suleyman Demirel Universitesi, Tip Fakultesi (Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University), Isparta, Türkiye
| | - Fatma Y Evcil
- Suleyman Demirel Universitesi, Tip Fakultesi (Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University), Isparta, Türkiye
| | - Kıymet Batmaz
- Suleyman Demirel Universitesi, Tip Fakultesi (Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University), Isparta, Türkiye
| | - Betül Çoban
- Suleyman Demirel Universitesi, Tip Fakultesi (Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University), Isparta, Türkiye
| | - Edanur Doğan
- Suleyman Demirel Universitesi, Tip Fakultesi (Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University), Isparta, Türkiye
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Khiyani S, Mishra S, Sahu R, Das A, Pathak A. Pattern of Violence Among Healthcare Workers in a Tertiary Care Government Hospital and a Multi-Specialty Private Hospital in Sagar, India: A Cross-Sectional Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e48231. [PMID: 38050497 PMCID: PMC10693911 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.48231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Workplace violence in hospitals is an occupational hazard that affects healthcare workers (HCWs) negatively in many aspects and causes deterioration of the doctor-patient relationship, resulting in providence of substandard healthcare. This study was conducted to compare the pattern of violence in a tertiary care government teaching hospital and a multi-specialty private trust hospital in Sagar district, Madhya Pradesh, India. Methodology After ethical clearance of this cross-sectional, observational study, participants (frontline healthcare workers, including doctors and nurses) were asked about the type, frequency, department, and place of violence, etc., along with its perceived causes, solutions, and arrangements made by hospitals for dealing with it using a pretested, semi-structured questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Version 26.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY). Categorical variables were described using frequency and percentages, and inferential analysis was conducted using the chi-square/Fisher's exact test. A P-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Among the 113 participants, 67 (59.3%) were female, 53 (46.9%) were doctors, and 60 (53.1%) were nurses. The mean age of participants was 30.9±7.3 years. Predominantly verbal, emotional, and physical violence were present in 96.5%, 43.4%, and 6.2% of participants, respectively. Violent incidents against healthcare workers were more frequent in government hospitals as compared to private hospitals. Most healthcare workers (87.6%) tried to resolve violent incidents peacefully, and 1.8% tried to fight back. The most perceived cause of violence in both setups was a lack of morality and literacy among patients and their relatives (i.e., 83.2%), followed by a lack of proper facilities and a lack of trust in healthcare workers. Conclusion Both setups faced a substantial amount of violence. The loopholes in both setups, considering resources, security, and other facilities, are clearly visible, and specific steps must be adopted to protect both systems from violence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simran Khiyani
- Community Medicine, Government Bundelkhand Medical College, Sagar, IND
| | - Shraddha Mishra
- Community Medicine, Government Bundelkhand Medical College, Sagar, IND
| | - Rupesh Sahu
- Community Medicine, Government Chhindwara Institute of Medical Sciences, Chhindwara, IND
| | - Abhijit Das
- Community Medicine, Tripura Medical College and Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Memorial (BRAM) Teaching Hospital, Agartala, IND
| | - Anuja Pathak
- Pediatrics, Mahatma Gandhi Memorial Medical College, Indore, IND
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Karni-Vizer N, Neuman R. How People With Intellectual or Development Disabilities Cope With Verbal Violence. J Interpers Violence 2023:8862605231170169. [PMID: 37096977 DOI: 10.1177/08862605231170169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Violence against people is a widespread phenomenon and violence against people with disabilities even more common. Studies have examined different types of violence toward people with disabilities, but there has been almost no research to date on verbal violence involving people with intellectual or development disabilities (IDD). The present research focused on this subject. A qualitative study was conducted using an intervention program. The research questions were (a) what can help people with IDD expand their understanding of verbal violence and differentiate different situations of verbal violence and (b) what can help people with IDD expand their means for handling verbal violence of their own and that directed toward them? The sample included 64 people (45 males, 19 females; ages 22-75) with mild IDD, who were divided into four groups of 16 participants each in the intervention program. The findings indicate that the participants' conceptualization of verbal violence improved after the intervention program. Three main themes were identified: (a) differentiation between good and bad; (b) choosing how to handle verbal violence; and (c) helping others cope with verbal violence. Consistent with the humanistic perspective, the findings show that people with IDD can learn to handle verbal violence toward them in a way that promotes their understanding, enables them to choose their reactions, and affects those around them, as well as strengthening their self-efficacy. The research contributes to the sparse knowledge regarding verbal violence, especially against people with IDD, and offers ways of intervening to help them handle verbal violence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ran Neuman
- Zefat Academic College, Zefat, Northern Israel
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Brar P, Shramko M, Taylor S, Eisenberg M. The Moderating Influence of School Adult Connectedness on Adolescent Dating Violence and Mental Health. J Sch Health 2023; 93:297-304. [PMID: 36382738 DOI: 10.1111/josh.13268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescent dating violence (ADV) continues to be a health concern. Most previous research has examined physical and or sexual ADV with little attention to verbal violence. METHODS Drawing on the social-ecological framework, the current study examined the moderating influence of school adult connectedness on experiences of verbal only, physical and/or sexual violence (combination ADV), and mental health outcomes among 11th graders (n = 31,459) in one Midwestern state. RESULTS Overall, 24.0% and 28.8% of adolescents met thresholds for depression and anxiety symptoms, respectively. Rates of mental health symptoms were higher among adolescents reporting ADV compared to those who did not report experience of ADV. In logistic regressions, higher level of school adult connectedness was associated with lower odds of depressive and anxiety symptoms, respectively. In moderation analyses, school adult connectedness was protective for mental health outcomes regardless of ADV experience. CONCLUSION Adolescent dating violence-including verbal violence alone-can be traumatic for young people. Schools can leverage the protective nature of school adult connection to promote mental health for all students, including adolescents who have experienced ADV. Incorporating trauma-informed education practice of providing unconditional positive regard toward adolescents might be 1-way schools can support adolescents in cultivating healthy relationships and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Brar
- Department of Family Studies and Community Development, Towson University, MD, Towson, USA
| | - Maura Shramko
- Center for Advanced Studies in Child Welfare, School of Social Work, University of Minnesota, MN, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Sarah Taylor
- Department of Family and Consumer Sciences, California State University, Long Beach, CA, USA
| | - Marla Eisenberg
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Health, University of Minnesota, MN, Minneapolis, USA
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Toska A, Saridi M, Christakis A, Gotsi S, Fradelos EC, Papageorgiou G, Souliotis K. Frequency and Impacts of Verbal Abuse on Healthcare Workers in a Secondary Healthcare Structure in Greece. Cureus 2023; 15:e35406. [PMID: 36987469 PMCID: PMC10040172 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.35406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Threatening and aggressive behaviors in healthcare settings constitute a significant problem that can affect not only the physical and mental integrity of staff but also patient safety and the quality of healthcare. Literature highlights verbal abuse as the most common form of non-physical violence and is estimated from 51.8% to 63.4% worldwide. PURPOSE The purpose of the study was the investigation of verbal abuse incidence toward physicians and nurses and the differences noted between them in a regional hospital. METHODS The study took place in a public regional hospital in southern Greece. A number of 185 nurses and 60 physicians completed the verbal abuse scale (VAS) for assessing verbal violence in the work environment; selected socio-demographic and occupational characteristics were also recorded. RESULTS Physicians have undergone verbal abuse once a week at a percentage of 38.3%, while at the same frequency; nurses record a percentage of 12.4%. Regarding the relationship between the victim of verbal abuse and the abuser, 26.7% of the physicians answered that the abuser was another senior member of the staff, while the percentage for nurses is higher and reaches 31.9%. According to VAS items, accusing and blaming (mean±SD=3.00±0.96) is noted as the most common form of verbal abuse for physicians, judging and criticizing stands out as the most frequent (3.17±1.11) and the most stressful action (3.25±1.11) form for nurses. The most frequent behavior by the physicians is to put the verbal abuse situation in a humorous context (2.78±1.14). In contrast, nurses are trying to clarify any misunderstanding that may occur (3.10±1.00). CONCLUSIONS Verbal abuse incidents are experienced by both physicians and nurses. They are stressful for the victims and can significantly affect work relationships and job satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Saridi
- Department of Nursing, University of Thessaly, Larissa, GRC
| | | | - Sofia Gotsi
- Department of General Surgery, General Hospital of Corinth, Corinth, GRC
| | | | | | - Kyriakos Souliotis
- Department of Social & Educational Policy, University of Peloponnese, Corinth, GRC
- Department of Research, Health Policy Institute, Athens, GRC
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Sun L, Zhang W, Cao A. Associations between work-related variables and workplace violence among Chinese medical staff: A comparison between physical and verbal violence. Front Public Health 2023; 10:1043023. [PMID: 36703849 PMCID: PMC9871913 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1043023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Workplace violence (WPV) against medical staff has been an important public health and societal problem worldwide. Although numerous studies have implied the differences between physical violence (PV) and verbal violence (VV) against medical staff, few studies were conducted to analyze the different associations between work-related variables, PV, and VV, especially in China. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among Chinese medical staff in public hospitals, and 3,426 medical staff were interviewed and analyzed. WPV, including PV and VV, were evaluated by the self-report of the medical staff. Work-related variables, physical disease, depression, and social-demographic variables were also measured. The work-related variables included types of medical staff, professional titles, hospital levels, managers, working years, job changing, working hours/week, night duty times/week, monthly income, self-reported working environment, and social position. Logistic regressions were conducted to examine the factors associated with PV and VV. Results A total of 489 medical staff (23.0%) reported the experience of PV and 1,744 (50.9%) reported the experience of VV. Several work-related variables were associated with PV and VV, including nurse (OR = 0.56 for PV, p < 0.01; OR = 0.76 for VV, p < 0.05), manager (OR = 1.86 for PV, p < 0.01; OR = 1.56 for VV, p < 0.001), night duty frequency/week (OR = 1.06 for PV, p < 0.01; OR = 1.03 for VV, p < 0.01), bad working environment (OR = 2.73 for PV, p < 0.001; OR = 3.52 for VV, p < 0.001), averaged working environment (OR = 1.51 for PV, p < 0.05; OR = 1.55 for VV, p < 0.001), and bad social position (OR = 4.21 for PV, p < 0.001; OR = 3.32 for VV, p < 0.001). Working years (OR = 1.02, p < 0.05), job changing (OR = 1.33, p < 0.05), and L2 income level (OR = 1.33, p < 0.01) were positively associated with VV, but the associations were not supported for PV (all p>0.05). The other associated factors were male gender (OR = 1.97 for PV, p < 0.001; OR = 1.28 for VV, p < 0.05) and depression (OR = 1.05 for PV, p < 0.001; OR = 1.04 for VV, p < 0.001). Conclusion Both PV and VV were positively associated with work-related variables, such as doctor, manager, more night duty frequency, perceived bad working environment, or social position. Some variables were only associated with VV, such as working years, job changing, and monthly income. Some special strategies for the work-related variables should be applied for controlling PV and VV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Sun
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- NHC Key Lab of Health Economics and Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Binzhou People Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Aihua Cao
- Department of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Pang Y, Dan H, Jeong H, Kim O. Impact of workplace violence on South Korean nurses' turnover intention: Mediating and moderating roles of depressive symptoms. Int Nurs Rev 2022; 70:211-218. [PMID: 35947607 DOI: 10.1111/inr.12798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIM To identify the mediating and moderating roles of depressive symptoms in the relationship between workplace violence and nurses' turnover intention in South Korea. BACKGROUND Workplace violence and depressive symptoms are known to influence turnover intentionsof employees. INTRODUCTION Among healthcare workers, nurses may be at the greatest risk of exposure to workplace violence because they have frequent contact with patients and families of patients. Depressive symptoms reported to be related to workplace violence are one set of factors affecting turnover intention. METHODS A cross-sectional study was designed and employed to investigate mediation and moderation roles of depressive symptoms between workplace violence and turnover intention. RESULTS Verbal violence and sexual harassment increased depressive symptoms, which in turn increased turnover intentions in a sample of Korean nurses. Depressive symptoms showed partial mediation effects between verbal violence and sexual harassment and turnover intention. Depressive symptoms showed moderating effects on sexual harassment and turnover intention. DISCUSSION It is necessary to reduce turnover intention not only by preventing violence but also by managing depressive symptoms in nurses who have experienced verbal violence and sexual harassment. CONCLUSION Depressive symptoms were shown to have a mediating and moderation roles on the relationship between WPV and turnover intention. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING AND HEALTH POLICY Hospital managers such as hospital and nursing directors should provide effective policies to prevent verbal violence and sexual harassment to reduce turnover intention in the workplace. It is needed to educate patients and patient caregivers about the importance of preventing violence against nurses. Policies should be established to provide regular check-ups for depressive symptoms and psychological support for nurses who have experienced WPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanghee Pang
- Department of Nursing, Baekseok Culture University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunju Dan
- Department of Nursing, Gangdong University, Eumseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunseon Jeong
- Seoul Women's College of Nursing, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Oksoo Kim
- College of Nursing, Ewha Research Institute of Nursing Science, Ewha Womans University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Chang AK, Kim AY. Verbal Violence and Turnover Intention Among New Nurses in Korea: A Time-Lagged Survey. J Nurs Manag 2022; 30:1823-1830. [PMID: 35939212 DOI: 10.1111/jonm.13756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM To test a model examining the impact of verbal violence against new nurses on their turnover intention and the mediating effects of emotional reaction and burnout based on affective events theory. BACKGROUND In Korea, turnover rate of nurses, especially new nurses, is at a serious level. Verifying the paths is important by which nurses decide to turnover intention after experiencing verbal violence, which is the most common form of workplace violence. In particular, Research on new nurses who are vulnerable to exposure to verbal violence and have a high turnover rate is insufficient. METHODS Data was collected using a time-lagged online surveys from 212 Korean new nurses. Structural equation modelling was used to test the hypothesized model. RESULTS The level of the turnover intention of new nurses was almost 4 out of 5. Verbal violence not only has a direct effect on turnover intention, but also has an indirect effect through burnout. Emotional reactions and burnout sequentially mediated the relationship between verbal violence and turnover intention; these variables explained approximately 57% of turnover intention. CONCLUSIONS To decrease negative emotional reactions and burnout caused by verbal violence may benefit to reduction of turnover intention of new nurses. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT The critical need for new nurses' violence interventions that focus on emotional reactions and burnout, and subsequently improving desirable patient-coworker-nurse relationships and quality of life for new nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ae Kyung Chang
- College of Nursing Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ah Young Kim
- College of Nursing Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
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Kumari A, Sarkar S, Ranjan P, Chopra S, Kaur T, Baitha U, Chakrawarty A, Klanidhi KB. Interventions for workplace violence against health-care professionals: A systematic review. Work 2022; 73:415-427. [PMID: 35431213 DOI: 10.3233/wor-210046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Workplace violence (WPV) against health-care professionals has been a concern worldwide as it strains the relationship between the patient and healthcare professionals. Implementing mitigation interventions to help the healthcare professionals to prevent and manage these violent episodes might make the workplaces more secure. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to synthesize the recent evidence on intervention strategies for workplace violence. METHOD Four electronic databases (PubMed, Wiley, Cochrane and Google Scholar) were searched for peer-reviewed intervention studies published in the last 11 years to mitigate workplace violence. A qualitative synthesis of the findings from included studies was done. RESULT A total of 17 studies were identified based on prevention and management of workplace violence. The interventions were mainly educational in nature based on a workshop format. These interventions were found to be effective in improving the perceived ability to deal with situations that lead to violence. CONCLUSION Strategies to mitigate violent episodes could be helpful to health-care professionals and administrators in their attempts to make safer workplaces in the health-care settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archana Kumari
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Siddharth Sarkar
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Piyush Ranjan
- Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sakshi Chopra
- Department of Home Science, University of Delhi, India
| | - Tanveer Kaur
- Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Upendra Baitha
- Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Avinash Chakrawarty
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Kamal Bandhu Klanidhi
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Abstract
In Korea, suicide by nurses due to workplace verbal violence has become a serious social controversy. This study used a descriptive survey to identify factors influencing nurses' experiences with being either victims or perpetrators of verbal violence among colleagues. Participants were 205 nurses working at large-scale general hospitals in D city in August 2019. Data were collected through standardized questionnaires on experiences of verbal violence, committing acts of verbal violence, demographic characteristics, and job stress. For experiences of verbal violence, statistically significant differences were observed in age, gender, and nightshift work. Committing acts of verbal violence showed statistically significant differences in age, gender, entire career experience, career experience in one's present division, and nightshift work. A significant correlation was found between experiences of verbal violence, committing acts of verbal violence, and job stress. Gender and nightshift work influenced experiences of verbal violence in Model 1, while gender, nightshift work, and relationship conflicts were extracted in Model 2. In Model 3, career experience and committing acts of verbal violence were found to be significant. For committing acts of verbal violence, gender, nightshift work, and career experience were extracted in Model 1; gender, nightshift work, and relationship conflict were extracted in Model 2; and nightshift work, career experience, and experiences of verbal violence were significant in Model 3. Regarding verbal violence among nurses, a vicious cycle caused by job stress exists, in which newly hired nurses are often victims of verbal violence; however, as they gain career experience, they become the perpetrators. Therefore, to reduce nurses' job stress, it is necessary to operate job stress-control programs by career level, promote conversations among nurses to increase understanding of each other, and build a culture of mutual respect.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eun-Hi Choi
- Eulji University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Abou-ElWafa HS, El-Gilany AH, Abd-El-Raouf SE, Abd-Elmouty SM, El-Sayed RESH. Workplace violence against emergency versus non-emergency nurses in Mansoura university hospitals, Egypt. J Interpers Violence 2015; 30:857-872. [PMID: 24970863 DOI: 10.1177/0886260514536278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Workplace violence (WPV) against nurses is a common but neglected problem in Egypt. The objectives are to estimate the prevalence and associated risk factors of different types of violence against nurses working in the emergency hospital compared with those working in non-emergency clinics, circumstances of violence, type of perpetrators, and victims' response. This cross-sectional comparative study was carried out at Mansoura University Hospitals, Egypt, during January 2013. The data were collected through the adapted version of a self-administered questionnaire developed by the International Labor Office/International Council of Nurses/World Health Organization/Public Services International on WPV in the health sector. All types of WPV are common among nurses. Precipitating factors for violent incidents identified by respondents are emergency specialty, having work shift, and younger age. Violent incidents result in work dissatisfaction and consequently impair work productivity. Nurses working in emergency hospital experienced a higher level of different types of WPV. There is an urgent need to formulate and implement a policy for dealing with violent events.
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