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Chen ZJ, Shi HH, Zheng L, Zhang H, Cha YY, Ruan HX, Zhang Y, Zhang XC. A new cancellous bone material of silk fibroin/cellulose dual network composite aerogel reinforced by nano-hydroxyapatite filler. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 182:286-297. [PMID: 33838188 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.03.204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Composites materials comprised of biopolymeric aerogel matrices and inorganic nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HA) fillers have received considerable attention in bone engineering. Although with significant progress in aerogel-based biomaterials, the brittleness and low strengths limit the application. The improvements in toughness and mechanical strength of aerogel-based biomaterials are in great need. In this work, an alkali urea system was used to dissolve, regenerate and gelate cellulose and silk fibroin (SF) to prepare composite aerosol. A dual network structure was shaped in the composite aerosol materials interlaced by sheet-like SF and reticular cellulose wrapping n-HA on the surface. Through uniaxial compression, the density of the composite aerogel material was close to the one of natural bone, and mechanical strength and toughness were high. Our work indicates that the composite aerogel has the same mechanical strength range as cancellous bone when the ratio of cellulose, n-HA and SF being 8:1:1. In vitro cell culture showed HEK-293T cells cultured on composite aerogels had high ability of adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. Totally, the presented biodegradable composite aerogel has application potential in bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zong-Ju Chen
- College of Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, 150040 Harbin, China
| | - Hui-Hong Shi
- College of Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, 150040 Harbin, China
| | - Liang Zheng
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, 163319 Daqing, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, 163319 Daqing, China
| | - Yu-Ying Cha
- College of Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, 150040 Harbin, China
| | - Hui-Xian Ruan
- College of Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, 150040 Harbin, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, 150040 Harbin, China
| | - Xiu-Cheng Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, 150040 Harbin, China.
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Shi C, Lu N, Qin Y, Liu M, Li H, Li H. Study on mechanical properties and permeability of elliptical porous scaffold based on the SLM manufactured medical Ti6Al4V. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0247764. [PMID: 33661944 PMCID: PMC7932120 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we take the elliptical pore structure which is similar to the microstructure of cancellous bone as the research object, four groups of bone scaffolds were designed from the perspective of pore size, porosity and pore distribution. The size of the all scaffolds were uniformly designed as 10 × 10 × 12 mm. Four groups of model samples were prepared by selective laser melting (SLM) and Ti6Al4V materials. The statics performance of the scaffolds was comprehensively evaluated by mechanical compression simulation and mechanical compression test, the manufacturing error of the scaffold samples were evaluated by scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the permeability of the scaffolds were predicted and evaluated by simulation analysis of computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The results show that the different distribution of porosity, pore size and pores of the elliptical scaffold have a certain influence on the mechanical properties and permeability of the scaffold, and the reasonable size and angle distribution of the elliptical pore can match the mechanical properties and permeability of the elliptical pore scaffold with human cancellous bone, which has great potential for research and application in the field of artificial bone scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglong Shi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qinghai Nationalities University, Xining, China
- * E-mail: (CS); (YQ)
| | - Nana Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qinghai Nationalities University, Xining, China
| | - Yaru Qin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qinghai Nationalities University, Xining, China
- * E-mail: (CS); (YQ)
| | - Mingdi Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qinghai Nationalities University, Xining, China
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongxia Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qinghai Nationalities University, Xining, China
| | - Haichao Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qinghai Nationalities University, Xining, China
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Hanberg P, Bue M, Öbrink-Hansen K, Thomassen M, Søballe K, Stilling M. Timing of Antimicrobial Prophylaxis and Tourniquet Inflation: A Randomized Controlled Microdialysis Study. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2020; 102:1857-1864. [PMID: 32769808 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.20.00076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tourniquets are widely used during extremity surgery. In order to prevent surgical site infection, correct timing of antimicrobial prophylaxis and tourniquet inflation is important. We aimed to evaluate the time for which the free drug concentration of cefuroxime is maintained above the minimum inhibitory concentration (t > MIC) in porcine subcutaneous adipose tissue and calcaneal cancellous bone during 3 clinically relevant tourniquet application scenarios. METHODS Twenty-four female Danish Landrace pigs were included. Microdialysis catheters were placed bilaterally for sampling of cefuroxime concentrations in calcaneal cancellous bone and subcutaneous adipose tissue, and a tourniquet was applied to a randomly picked leg of each pig. Subsequently, the pigs were randomized into 3 groups to receive 1.5 g of cefuroxime by intravenous injection 15 minutes prior to tourniquet inflation (Group A), 45 minutes prior to tourniquet inflation (Group B), and at the time of tourniquet release (Group C). The tourniquet duration was 90 minutes in all groups. Dialysates and venous blood samples were collected for 8 hours after cefuroxime administration. Cefuroxime and various ischemic marker concentrations were quantified. RESULTS Cefuroxime concentrations were maintained above the clinical breakpoint MIC for Staphylococcus aureus (4 µg/mL) in calcaneal cancellous bone and subcutaneous adipose tissue throughout the 90-minute tourniquet duration in Groups A and B. Cefuroxime administration at the time of tourniquet release (Group C) resulted in concentrations of >4 µg/mL for approximately of 3.5 hours in the tissues on the tourniquet side. Furthermore, tourniquet application induced ischemia (increased lactate:pyruvate ratio) and cell damage (increased glycerol) in subcutaneous adipose tissue and calcaneal cancellous bone. Tissue ischemia was sustained for 2.5 hours after tourniquet release in calcaneal cancellous bone. CONCLUSIONS Administration of cefuroxime (1.5 g) in the 15 to 45-minute window prior to tourniquet inflation resulted in sufficient concentrations in calcaneal cancellous bone and subcutaneous adipose tissue throughout the 90-minute tourniquet application. Furthermore, tourniquet-induced tissue ischemia fully resolved 2.5 hours after tourniquet release. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Cefuroxime administration 15 to 45 minutes prior to tourniquet inflation seems to be a safe window. If the goal is to maintain postoperative cefuroxime concentrations above relevant MIC values, our results suggest that a second dose of cefuroxime should be administered at the time of tourniquet release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pelle Hanberg
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Horsens Regional Hospital, Horsens, Denmark
- Aarhus Microdialysis Research Group, Orthopaedic Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Mats Bue
- Aarhus Microdialysis Research Group, Orthopaedic Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kristina Öbrink-Hansen
- Aarhus Microdialysis Research Group, Orthopaedic Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Maja Thomassen
- Aarhus Microdialysis Research Group, Orthopaedic Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kjeld Søballe
- Aarhus Microdialysis Research Group, Orthopaedic Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Maiken Stilling
- Aarhus Microdialysis Research Group, Orthopaedic Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Amini M, Reisinger A, Pahr DH. Influence of processing parameters on mechanical properties of a 3D-printed trabecular bone microstructure. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2020; 108:38-47. [PMID: 30893513 PMCID: PMC6916655 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Natural bone microstructure has shown to be the most efficient choice for the bone scaffold design. However, there are several process parameters involved in the generation of a microCT-based 3D-printed (3DP) bone. In this study, the effect of selected parameters on the reproducibility of mechanical properties of a 3DP trabecular bone structure is investigated. MicroCT images of a distal radial sample were used to reconstruct a 3D ROI of trabecular bone. Nine tensile tests on bulk material and 54 compression tests on 8.2 mm cubic samples were performed (9 cases × 6 specimens/case). The effect of input-image resolution, STL mesh decimation, boundary condition, support material, and repetition parameters on the weight, elastic modulus, and strength were studied. The elastic modulus and the strength of bulk material showed consistent results (CV% = 9 and 6%, respectively). The weight, elastic modulus, and strength of the cubic samples showed small intragroup variation (average CV% = 1.2, 9, and 5.5%, respectively). All studied parameters had a significant effect on the outcome variables with less effect on the weight. Utmost care to every step of the 3DP process and involved parameters is required to be able to reach the desired mechanical properties in the final printed specimen. © 2019 The Authors. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 108B:38-47, 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Amini
- Institute for lightweight design and structural biomechanicsVienna University of Technology1060 ViennaAustria
- Department of Anatomy and BiomechanicsKarl Landsteiner University for Health Sciences3500 KremsAustria
| | - Andreas Reisinger
- Department of Anatomy and BiomechanicsKarl Landsteiner University for Health Sciences3500 KremsAustria
| | - Dieter H. Pahr
- Institute for lightweight design and structural biomechanicsVienna University of Technology1060 ViennaAustria
- Department of Anatomy and BiomechanicsKarl Landsteiner University for Health Sciences3500 KremsAustria
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Erivan R, Lopez-Chicon P, Fariñas O, Perez Prieto D, Grau S, Boisgard S, Monllau JC, Vilarrodona A. Which type of bone releases the most vancomycin? Comparison of spongious bone, cortical powder and cortico-spongious bone. Cell Tissue Bank 2019; 21:131-137. [PMID: 31865504 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-019-09806-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Bone infections can be challenging to treat and can lead to several surgeries and relapses. When a graft is needed, cavitary bone loss can be grafted with cancellous or cortical bone. Both can be used for grafting. However, the antibiotic releasing capacity of these grafts has not been compared. Which type of bone is best at releasing the most antibiotic has not been well established. The aim of this study was to determine which type of bone is best for antibiotic release when the bone is suffused with antibiotics by the surgeon. The hypothesis is that there would be a difference between the type of bone tested due to different release capacities of cortical and cancellous bone. This was an experimental study. Cortical spongy bone in chips, Spongy bone in chips and demineralized cortical bone powder were compared. For each type of bone, 5 samples were tested. Processed and decontaminated grafts were freeze-dried to be kept at room temperature. The primary endpoint was the amount of vancomycin released by the graft as it affects the concentration of antibiotic around the graft in clinical practice. The procedure for the study consisted of full graft immersion in a vancomycin solution. Then, the liquid was removed with aspiration. In order to measure the quantity of antibiotic released, the bone was put into distilled water in agitation in a heated rocker at 37 °C. After 30 min of soaking, 1 mL of the liquid was removed. The same extraction process was also carried out after 60 min soaking, 2 h, 3 h, 24 h, and 48 h. No differences were found between each type of bone relative to the concentration of vancomycin released at each time of the assessment. There was a significant difference in the weight of the bone with a higher weight for the cortical powder (1.793 g) versus cortical spongy bone and spongy bone (1.154 g and 1.013 g) with a p value < 0.0001. A significant difference was seen in the weight of the bone with vancomycin after the aspiration of the liquid with 3.026 g for cortical powder, 2.140 g and 2.049 g for the cortical spongy bone and the spongy bone with a p value < 0.0001. In daily clinical practice, one can use cancellous bone, cortico-cancellous bone or cortical powder in order to add vancomycin to a bone graft. Our results show the release kinetics of the soaked allografts. With a maximum of 14 mg/mL in the first minutes and a rapid decrease it shows a pattern comparable to antibiotic loaded bone cement. The method used appears favourable for prophylactic use, protecting the graft against contamination at implantation, but is not sufficient for treating chronic bone infection. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: V.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger Erivan
- CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, ICCF, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
- Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery Department, Hôpital Gabriel Montpied, CHU de Clermont Ferrand, BP 69, 63003, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | | | - Oscar Fariñas
- Barcelona Tissue Bank, Banc de Sang I Teixits, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Santiago Grau
- ICATME- Hospital, Universitari Dexeus, Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Pharmacy, Hospital del Mar, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Stéphane Boisgard
- CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, ICCF, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery Department, Hôpital Gabriel Montpied, CHU de Clermont Ferrand, BP 69, 63003, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Juan C Monllau
- ICATME- Hospital, Universitari Dexeus, Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain
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Torres DA, Freitas MB, da Matta SLP, Novaes RD, Gonçalves RV. Is bone loss a physiological cost of reproduction in the Great fruit-eating bat Artibeus lituratus? PLoS One 2019; 14:e0213781. [PMID: 30921346 PMCID: PMC6438481 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
During mammalian pregnancy and lactation, the maternal demand for calcium is increased to satisfy fetus and newborn skeletal growth. In addition to the dietary intake, females use the calcium contained in their bones to supply this increased demand, leading to a decrease in maternal bone mineral content. In reproductive insectivorous female bats, bone loss has been described as a physiological cost of reproduction, due to the reported increased risk of bone fracture. This physiological cost may be the mechanism underlying the conflict between increasing litter size and maintaining wing skeletal integrity, which would help to explain the small litter size of most bat species. If bone loss is a linking cost between reproduction and survival in bats, and most bat species have small litter sizes, one would expect to find a loss of bone and an increasing probability of bone fracture during pregnancy and lactation in other non-insectivorous bats. In this study, we tested for the existence of this cost in the Great-fruit eating bat, Artibeus lituratus. We analyzed trabecular structure, bone strength and bone mineral content for the humerus bone, hypothesizing that bone loss during reproduction in females would increase the risk of fracture. Our results showed a decrease of 22-31% in bone trabecular area in lactating females, rapidly compensated following weaning. Bone strength did not differ among reproductive and non-reproductive groups and seems to be more influenced by bone organic components rather than mineral contents. Since we observed bone loss during reproduction yet the humerus strength seems to be unaffected, we suggest that bone loss may not represent a physiological cost during reproduction for this frugivorous bat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego A. Torres
- Animal Biology Department, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | | | - Sérgio L. P. da Matta
- Animal Biology Department, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
- General Biology Department, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Rômulo D. Novaes
- Structural Biology Department, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Brazil
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Imbert L, Gourion-Arsiquaud S, Villarreal-Ramirez E, Spevak L, Taleb H, van der Meulen MCH, Mendelsohn R, Boskey AL. Dynamic structure and composition of bone investigated by nanoscale infrared spectroscopy. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0202833. [PMID: 30180177 PMCID: PMC6122783 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone is a highly organized tissue in which each structural level influences the macroscopic and microscopic mechanical behavior. In particular, the quantity, quality, and distribution of the different bone components, i.e. collagen matrix and hydroxyapatite crystals, are associated with bone strength or fragility. Common spectroscopic techniques used to assess bone composition have resolutions limited to the micrometer range. In this study, our aims were two-fold: i) to develop and validate the AFM-IR methodology for skeletal tissues and ii) to apply the methodology to sheep cancellous bone with the objective to obtain novel findings on the composition and structure of trabecular packets.To develop the methodology, we assessed spatial and temporal reproducibility using a known homogeneous material (polymethylmethacrylate, PMMA). We verified that the major peak positions were similar and not shifted when compared to traditional Fourier Transform Infrared imaging (FTIRI). When AFM-IR was applied to sheep cancellous bone, the mineral-to-matrix ratio increased and the acid phosphate substitution ratio decreased as a function of tissue maturity. The resolution of the technique enabled visualization of different stages of the bone maturation process, particularly newly-formed osteoid prior to mineralization. We also observed alternating patterns of IR parameters in line and imaging measurements, suggesting the apposition of layers of alternating structure and / or composition that were not visible with traditional spectroscopic methods. In conclusion, nanoscale IR spectroscopy demonstrates novel compositional and structural changes within trabecular packets in cancellous bone. Based on these results, AFM-IR is a valuable tool to investigate cancellous bone at the nanoscale and, more generally, to analyze small dynamic areas that are invisible to traditional spectroscopic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurianne Imbert
- Hospital for Special Surgery, Research Institute, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Eduardo Villarreal-Ramirez
- Tissue Bioengineering Laboratory, DEPeI, Faculty of Dentistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico Distrito Federal, Mexico
| | - Lyudmila Spevak
- Hospital for Special Surgery, Research Institute, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Hayat Taleb
- Hospital for Special Surgery, Research Institute, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Marjolein C. H. van der Meulen
- Hospital for Special Surgery, Research Institute, New York, New York, United States of America
- Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Richard Mendelsohn
- Department of Chemistry, Newark College of Arts and Science, Rutgers University, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Adele L. Boskey
- Hospital for Special Surgery, Research Institute, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
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Kužma M, Vaňuga P, Binkley N, Ságová I, Pávai D, Blažíček P, Kužmová Z, Jackuliak P, Vaňuga A, Killinger Z, Payer J. High Serum Fractalkine is Associated with Lower Trabecular Bone Score in Premenopausal Women with Graves' Disease. Horm Metab Res 2018; 50:609-614. [PMID: 29954010 DOI: 10.1055/a-0633-2814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Chemokine CX3CL1 (fractalkine) may be an important factor linking thyroid status and bone remodeling, through tetrac, a derivative of thyroxine. This study explores the relationship between serum fractalkine levels and parameters of thyroid status and bone in premenopausal women with Graves' disease (GD) in comparison to healthy controls. This cross-sectional study included three premenopausal female groups: active GD; cured GD, and healthy age-, gender-, and BMI-matched controls. Measurement of serum fractalkine levels (Quantikine® ELISA), total amino-terminal peptide of procollagen type 1 (P1NP), CTx, thyroid hormones, BMD and trabecular bone score (TBS) were performed in all study subjects. Sixty women (21, 16, and 23 in active GD, cured GD, and healthy control groups, respectively) were included. Serum fractalkine levels were higher (p<0.05) in active and cured GD subjects compared to healthy controls (mean 0.7±0.14; 0.93±0.15, and 0.48±0.13 ng/ml, respectively). Lumbar spine BMD was lowest in the cured GD group in comparison to active GD and control group subjects (0.926±0.03; 1.016±0.03; 1.051±0.03 g/cm2; p<0.05, respectively). TBS was lower (p<0.05) in both GD groups than controls being lowest in those with active GD (1.395±0.02; 1.402±0.02, 1.469±0.02, respectively). Serum fractalkine concentration was positively correlated with fT4, and negatively correlated with TBS values. GD in pre-menopausal females is associated with increased serum fractalkine concentration and decreased TBS. Fractalkine may be a currently unappreciated link between hyperthyroidism and bone; further research into this possibility is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Kužma
- Comenius University Faculty of Medicine, 5th Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Peter Vaňuga
- National institute of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Lubochna, Slovakia
| | - Neil Binkley
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Ivana Ságová
- Comenius University Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, 1st Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Martin, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Dušan Pávai
- National institute of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Lubochna, Slovakia
| | | | - Zuzana Kužmová
- Comenius University Faculty of Medicine, 5th Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Peter Jackuliak
- Comenius University Faculty of Medicine, 5th Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Anton Vaňuga
- National institute of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Lubochna, Slovakia
| | - Zdenko Killinger
- Comenius University Faculty of Medicine, 5th Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Juraj Payer
- Comenius University Faculty of Medicine, 5th Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
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9
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Cepollaro S, Della Bella E, de Biase D, Visani M, Fini M. Evaluation of RNA from human trabecular bone and identification of stable reference genes. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:4401-4407. [PMID: 29206301 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The isolation of good quality RNA from tissues is an essential prerequisite for gene expression analysis to study pathophysiological processes. This study evaluated the RNA isolated from human trabecular bone and defined a set of stable reference genes. After pulverization, RNA was extracted with a phenol/chloroform method and then purified using silica columns. The A260/280 ratio, A260/230 ratio, RIN, and ribosomal ratio were measured to evaluate RNA quality and integrity. Moreover, the expression of six candidates was analyzed by qPCR and different algorithms were applied to assess reference gene stability. A good purity and quality of RNA was achieved according to A260/280 and A260/230 ratios, and RIN values. TBP, YWHAZ, and PGK1 were the most stable reference genes that should be used for gene expression analysis. In summary, the method proposed is suitable for gene expression evaluation in human bone and a set of reliable reference genes has been identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Cepollaro
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elena Della Bella
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Dario de Biase
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Michela Visani
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Milena Fini
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
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10
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Xie S, Wallace RJ, Callanan A, Pankaj P. From Tension to Compression: Asymmetric Mechanical Behaviour of Trabecular Bone's Organic Phase. Ann Biomed Eng 2018; 46:801-809. [PMID: 29589168 PMCID: PMC5934460 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-018-2009-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Trabecular bone is a cellular composite material comprising primarily of mineral and organic phases with their content ratio known to change with age. Therefore, the contribution of bone constituents on bone's mechanical behaviour, in tension and compression, at varying load levels and with changing porosity (which increases with age) is of great interest, but remains unknown. We investigated the mechanical response of demineralised bone by subjecting a set of bone samples to fully reversed cyclic tension-compression loads with varying magnitudes. We show that the tension to compression response of the organic phase of trabecular bone is asymmetric; it stiffens in tension and undergoes stiffness reduction in compression. Our results indicate that demineralised trabecular bone struts experience inelastic buckling under compression which causes irreversible damage, while irreversible strains due to microcracking are less visible in tension. We also identified that the values of this asymmetric mechanical response is associated to the original bone volume ratio (BV/TV).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqiao Xie
- School of Engineering, Institute for Bioengineering, The University of Edinburgh, Faraday Building, The King's Buildings, Edinburgh, EH9 3DW, UK
| | - Robert J Wallace
- Orthopaedics and Trauma, The University of Edinburgh, Chancellor's Building, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, UK
| | - Anthony Callanan
- School of Engineering, Institute for Bioengineering, The University of Edinburgh, Faraday Building, The King's Buildings, Edinburgh, EH9 3DW, UK
| | - Pankaj Pankaj
- School of Engineering, Institute for Bioengineering, The University of Edinburgh, Faraday Building, The King's Buildings, Edinburgh, EH9 3DW, UK.
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11
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Shi C, Mandair GS, Zhang H, Vanrenterghem GG, Ridella R, Takahashi A, Zhang Y, Kohn DH, Morris MD, Mishina Y, Sun H. Bone morphogenetic protein signaling through ACVR1 and BMPR1A negatively regulates bone mass along with alterations in bone composition. J Struct Biol 2018; 201:237-246. [PMID: 29175363 PMCID: PMC5820174 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2017.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Bone quantity and bone quality are important factors in determining the properties and the mechanical functions of bone. This study examined the effects of disrupting bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling through BMP receptors on bone quantity and bone quality. More specifically, we disrupted two BMP receptors, Acvr1 and Bmpr1a, respectively, in Osterix-expressing osteogenic progenitor cells in mice. We examined the structural changes to the femora from 3-month old male and female conditional knockout (cKO) mice using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and histology, as well as compositional changes to both cortical and trabecular compartments of bone using Raman spectroscopy. We found that the deletion of Acvr1 and Bmpr1a, respectively, in an osteoblast-specific manner resulted in higher bone mass in the trabecular compartment. Disruption of Bmpr1a resulted in a more significantly increased bone mass in the trabecular compartment. We also found that these cKO mice showed lower mineral-to-matrix ratio, while tissue mineral density was lower in the cortical compartment. Collagen crosslink ratio was higher in both cortical and trabecular compartments of male cKO mice. Our study suggested that BMP signaling in osteoblast mediated by BMP receptors, namely ACVR1 and BMPR1A, is critical in regulating bone quantity and bone quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ce Shi
- Department of Oral Pathology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, 1500 Qinghua Road, Changchun 130000, China; Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan, School of Dentistry, 1011 N. University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA.
| | - Gurjit S Mandair
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan, School of Dentistry, 1011 N. University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA.
| | - Honghao Zhang
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan, School of Dentistry, 1011 N. University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA.
| | - Gloria G Vanrenterghem
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan, School of Dentistry, 1011 N. University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA.
| | - Ryan Ridella
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48108-1055, USA
| | - Akira Takahashi
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan, School of Dentistry, 1011 N. University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA.
| | - Yanshuai Zhang
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan, School of Dentistry, 1011 N. University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA.
| | - David H Kohn
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan, School of Dentistry, 1011 N. University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA; Biomedical Engineering College of Engineering, University of Michigan, MI 48109-2110, USA.
| | - Michael D Morris
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48108-1055, USA.
| | - Yuji Mishina
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan, School of Dentistry, 1011 N. University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA.
| | - Hongchen Sun
- Department of Oral Pathology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, 1500 Qinghua Road, Changchun 130000, China.
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12
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Song K, Li L, Yan X, Zhang Y, Li R, Wang Y, Wang L, Wang H, Liu T. Fabrication and development of artificial osteochondral constructs based on cancellous bone/hydrogel hybrid scaffold. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2016; 27:114. [PMID: 27180235 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-016-5722-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Using tissue engineering techniques, an artificial osteochondral construct was successfully fabricated to treat large osteochondral defects. In this study, porcine cancellous bones and chitosan/gelatin hydrogel scaffolds were used as substitutes to mimic bone and cartilage, respectively. The porosity and distribution of pore size in porcine bone was measured and the degradation ratio and swelling ratio for chitosan/gelatin hydrogel scaffolds was also determined in vitro. Surface morphology was analyzed with the scanning electron microscope (SEM). The physicochemical properties and the composition were tested by using an infrared instrument. A double layer composite scaffold was constructed via seeding adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) induced to chondrocytes and osteoblasts, followed by inoculation in cancellous bones and hydrogel scaffolds. Cell proliferation was assessed through Dead/Live staining and cellular activity was analyzed with IpWin5 software. Cell growth, adhesion and formation of extracellular matrix in composite scaffolds blank cancellous bones or hydrogel scaffolds were also analyzed. SEM analysis revealed a super porous internal structure of cancellous bone scaffolds and pore size was measured at an average of 410 ± 59 μm while porosity was recorded at 70.6 ± 1.7 %. In the hydrogel scaffold, the average pore size was measured at 117 ± 21 μm and the porosity and swelling rate were recorded at 83.4 ± 0.8 % and 362.0 ± 2.4 %, respectively. Furthermore, the remaining hydrogel weighed 80.76 ± 1.6 % of the original dry weight after hydration in PBS for 6 weeks. In summary, the cancellous bone and hydrogel composite scaffold is a promising biomaterial which shows an essential physical performance and strength with excellent osteochondral tissue interaction in situ. ADSCs are a suitable cell source for osteochondral composite reconstruction. Moreover, the bi-layered scaffold significantly enhanced cell proliferation compared to the cells seeded on either single scaffold. Therefore, a bi-layered composite scaffold is an appropriate candidate for fabrication of osteochondral tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kedong Song
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian R&D Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
| | - Liying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian R&D Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Xinyu Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian R&D Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian R&D Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Ruipeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian R&D Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Yiwei Wang
- Burns Research, ANZAC Research Institute, University of Sydney, Concord, NSW, 2139, Australia
| | - Ling Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian R&D Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, China.
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, China
| | - Tianqing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian R&D Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
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