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Adams RA, Fernandes-Cerqueira C, Notarnicola A, Mertsching E, Xu Z, Lo WS, Ogilvie K, Chiang KP, Ampudia J, Rosengren S, Cubitt A, King DJ, Mendlein JD, Yang XL, Nangle LA, Lundberg IE, Jakobsson PJ, Schimmel P. Serum-circulating His-tRNA synthetase inhibits organ-targeted immune responses. Cell Mol Immunol 2021; 18:1463-1475. [PMID: 31797905 PMCID: PMC8166958 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-019-0331-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
His-tRNA synthetase (HARS) is targeted by autoantibodies in chronic and acute inflammatory anti-Jo-1-positive antisynthetase syndrome. The extensive activation and migration of immune cells into lung and muscle are associated with interstitial lung disease, myositis, and morbidity. It is unknown whether the sequestration of HARS is an epiphenomenon or plays a causal role in the disease. Here, we show that HARS circulates in healthy individuals, but it is largely undetectable in the serum of anti-Jo-1-positive antisynthetase syndrome patients. In cultured primary human skeletal muscle myoblasts (HSkMC), HARS is released in increasing amounts during their differentiation into myotubes. We further show that HARS regulates immune cell engagement and inhibits CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell activation. In mouse and rodent models of acute inflammatory diseases, HARS administration downregulates immune activation. In contrast, neutralization of extracellular HARS by high-titer antibody responses during tissue injury increases susceptibility to immune attack, similar to what is seen in humans with anti-Jo-1-positive disease. Collectively, these data suggest that extracellular HARS is homeostatic in normal subjects, and its sequestration contributes to the morbidity of the anti-Jo-1-positive antisynthetase syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan A Adams
- aTyr Pharma, 3545 John Hopkins Court, Suite 250, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Cátia Fernandes-Cerqueira
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Antonella Notarnicola
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Zhiwen Xu
- aTyr Pharma, 3545 John Hopkins Court, Suite 250, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
- IAS HKUST- Scripps R&D Laboratory, Institute for Advanced Study, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, and Pangu Biopharma, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wing-Sze Lo
- IAS HKUST- Scripps R&D Laboratory, Institute for Advanced Study, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, and Pangu Biopharma, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kathleen Ogilvie
- aTyr Pharma, 3545 John Hopkins Court, Suite 250, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Kyle P Chiang
- aTyr Pharma, 3545 John Hopkins Court, Suite 250, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Jeanette Ampudia
- aTyr Pharma, 3545 John Hopkins Court, Suite 250, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Sanna Rosengren
- aTyr Pharma, 3545 John Hopkins Court, Suite 250, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Andrea Cubitt
- aTyr Pharma, 3545 John Hopkins Court, Suite 250, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - David J King
- aTyr Pharma, 3545 John Hopkins Court, Suite 250, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - John D Mendlein
- aTyr Pharma, 3545 John Hopkins Court, Suite 250, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Xiang-Lei Yang
- The Scripps Laboratories for tRNA Synthetase Research, 10650 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Leslie A Nangle
- aTyr Pharma, 3545 John Hopkins Court, Suite 250, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Ingrid E Lundberg
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per-Johan Jakobsson
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paul Schimmel
- The Scripps Laboratories for tRNA Synthetase Research, 10650 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
- The Scripps Laboratories for tRNA Synthetase Research, Scripps Florida, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA.
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Fonong T, Evans SM, Homburger HA. Development and comparative evaluation of immunoblot assays for detecting autoantibodies to Scl 70 and Jo 1 antigens in serum. Clin Chem 1990; 36:2053-6. [PMID: 2253345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We developed rapid 24-h immunoblot assays for detecting autoantibodies to Scl 70 and Jo 1 antigens in serum. In comparative studies, we evaluated the analytical sensitivity of the immunoblot assays and commercial immunodiffusion assays for anti-Scl 70 and anti-Jo 1 autoantibodies with the use of positive control sera, and compared the frequencies of positive and negative results in a group of 116 sera, including specimens from 34 healthy controls and 82 patients with various connective-tissue diseases. The immunoblot assays were greater than 100-fold more sensitive than immunodiffusion for detecting both autoantibodies. Despite greater analytical sensitivity, there were no false-positive results by the immunoblot assay for anti-Scl 70 or anti-Jo 1 autoantibodies in sera from either the controls or the patients. The diagnostic sensitivity of the immunoblot assay for anti-Scl 70 autoantibodies in patients with scleroderma was greater than that of the immunodiffusion assay, 70% vs 20%, and was equivalent in patients with polymyositis, 43%. We conclude that rapid immunoblot assays for anti-Scl 70 and anti-Jo 1 autoantibodies are superior to immunodiffusion assays for clinical use and are suitable for routine use in the clinical laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Fonong
- Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Section of Clinical Immunology and Cell Kinetics, Rochester, MN 55905
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