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Han HR, Miller HN, Nkimbeng M, Budhathoki C, Mikhael T, Rivers E, Gray J, Trimble K, Chow S, Wilson P. Trauma informed interventions: A systematic review. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0252747. [PMID: 34157025 PMCID: PMC8219147 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health inequities remain a public health concern. Chronic adversity such as discrimination or racism as trauma may perpetuate health inequities in marginalized populations. There is a growing body of the literature on trauma informed and culturally competent care as essential elements of promoting health equity, yet no prior review has systematically addressed trauma informed interventions. The purpose of this study was to appraise the types, setting, scope, and delivery of trauma informed interventions and associated outcomes. METHODS We performed database searches- PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, SCOPUS and PsycINFO-to identify quantitative studies published in English before June 2019. Thirty-two unique studies with one companion article met the eligibility criteria. RESULTS More than half of the 32 studies were randomized controlled trials (n = 19). Thirteen studies were conducted in the United States. Child abuse, domestic violence, or sexual assault were the most common types of trauma addressed (n = 16). While the interventions were largely focused on reducing symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (n = 23), depression (n = 16), or anxiety (n = 10), trauma informed interventions were mostly delivered in an outpatient setting (n = 20) by medical professionals (n = 21). Two most frequently used interventions were eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (n = 6) and cognitive behavioral therapy (n = 5). Intervention fidelity was addressed in 16 studies. Trauma informed interventions significantly reduced PTSD symptoms in 11 of 23 studies. Fifteen studies found improvements in three main psychological outcomes including PTSD symptoms (11 of 23), depression (9 of 16), and anxiety (5 of 10). Cognitive behavioral therapy consistently improved a wide range of outcomes including depression, anxiety, emotional dysregulation, interpersonal problems, and risky behaviors (n = 5). CONCLUSIONS There is inconsistent evidence to support trauma informed interventions as an effective approach for psychological outcomes. Future trauma informed intervention should be expanded in scope to address a wide range of trauma types such as racism and discrimination. Additionally, a wider range of trauma outcomes should be studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae-Ra Han
- School of Nursing, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Hailey N. Miller
- School of Nursing, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Manka Nkimbeng
- School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Chakra Budhathoki
- School of Nursing, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Tanya Mikhael
- School of Nursing, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Emerald Rivers
- School of Nursing, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Ja’Lynn Gray
- School of Nursing, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Kristen Trimble
- School of Nursing, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Sotera Chow
- Medstar Good Samaritan Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Patty Wilson
- School of Nursing, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
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Levenson J. Translating Trauma-Informed Principles into Social Work Practice. Soc Work 2020; 65:288-298. [PMID: 32676655 DOI: 10.1093/sw/swaa020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Trauma-informed social work is characterized by client-centered practices that facilitate trust, safety, respect, collaboration, hope, and shared power. Many agencies have adopted trauma-informed care (TIC) initiatives and many social workers are familiar with its basic principles, but it is challenging to infuse these ideals into real-world service delivery. This article offers 10 trauma-informed practices (TIPs) for translating TIC concepts into action by (a) conceptualizing client problems, strengths, and coping strategies through the trauma lens and (b) responding in ways that avoid inadvertently reinforcing clients' feelings of vulnerability and disempowerment (re-traumatization). TIPs guide workers to consider trauma as an explanation for client problems, incorporate knowledge about trauma into service delivery, understand trauma symptoms, transform trauma narratives, and use the helping relationship as a tool for healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill Levenson
- is professor of social work, Barry University, 11300 NE 2nd Avenue, Miami Shores, FL 33161
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Moreno N, Sanz J, García-Vera MP, Gesteira C, Gutiérrez S, Zapardiel A, Cobos B, Marotta-Walters S. Effectiveness of trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy for terrorism victims with very long-term emotional disorders. Psicothema 2019; 31:400-406. [PMID: 31634084 DOI: 10.7334/psicothema2018.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are no published studies on the clinical utility of psychotherapy in victims of terrorism who suffer emotional disorders many years after the attacks. METHOD A course of trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy was administered to 50 victims of terrorist attacks that occurred an average of 23 years previously and who presented isolated or concurrent posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD; 74%), major depressive disorder (54%), panic disorder (38%), or other anxiety disorders (38%). RESULTS According to an intention-to-treat analysis (N=50), these percentages decreased significantly to 24% (PTSD and major depression), 16% (panic disorder) and 14% (other anxiety disorders) at 1-year follow-up. According to a complete data analysis, at posttreatment no victims (n=31) still presented major depressive or panic disorder, only 3.2% presented PTSD and 9.7% presented other anxiety disorders, whereas at 1-year follow-up, no victims presented any disorders (n=22). At posttreatment and at the 1-, 3-, 6-month, and 1-year follow-ups, large statistically and clinically significant decreases in PTSD, depression, and anxiety symptomatology were found (d=1.26 to 2.52 at 1-year follow-up). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that efficacious treatments for recent victims are also useful in the usual clinical practice for victims with very long-term emotional disorders.
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Fischer A, Weyer M. States Take On Discipline in Preschool Through Third Grade. NCSL Legisbrief 2019; 27:1-2. [PMID: 30990597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Matt Weyer
- National Conference of State Legislatures
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Affiliation(s)
- Tricia B Bent-Goodley
- Tricia B. Bent-Goodley, PhD, is professor, School of Social Work, Howard University, 601 Howard Place, NW, Washington, DC 20059; e-mail:
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Polak R, Hutchinson D, Perryman L, Brueck S. A Calming Cushion as a Therapeutic Wellness Tool for Youths with Disabilities and History of Trauma. Soc Work 2017; 62:359-365. [PMID: 28957576 DOI: 10.1093/sw/swx042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Seclusion and restraint are commonly used by residential staff to control unsafe behaviors of youths with disabilities and complex trauma histories. This pilot study examined the effect of a nonrestraining cushion as a calming device and wellness tool in a setting that prohibits supportive physical contact, to see to what extent the cushion might help these youths to better regulate their emotional distress and unwanted behaviors. Volunteers used the cushion for 15 minutes over 24 sessions. Nine students completed the study and reported reduction in anxiety and agitation, and a soothing feeling with residual effects to their daily routines. This pilot study suggests that the use of a nonrestraining, deep-pressure cushion may simulate a secure holding effect for young people with emotional dysregulation. The cushion is a safe and healing wellness tool that empowers youths and provides programs with an alternative to seclusion and restraint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reizel Polak
- Ivy Street School, Brookline, MA
- Private practice, Brookline, MA
| | - Dori Hutchinson
- Center for Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Sargent College of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, Boston University
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Woods-Jaeger BA, Kava CM, Akiba CF, Lucid L, Dorsey S. The art and skill of delivering culturally responsive trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy in Tanzania and Kenya. Psychol Trauma 2017; 9:230-238. [PMID: 27414470 PMCID: PMC5237406 DOI: 10.1037/tra0000170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study explored the facilitators, barriers, and strategies used to deliver a child mental health evidence-based treatment (EBT), trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy (TF-CBT), in a culturally responsive manner. In low- and middle-income countries most individuals with mental health problems do not receive treatment due to a shortage of mental health professionals. One approach to addressing this problem is task-sharing, in which lay counselors are trained to deliver mental health treatment. Combining this approach with a focus on EBT provides a strategy for bridging the mental health treatment gap. However, little is known about how western-developed EBTs are delivered in a culturally responsive manner. METHOD Semistructured qualitative interviews were conducted with 12 TF-CBT lay counselors involved in a large randomized controlled trial of TF-CBT in Kenya and Tanzania. An inductive approach was used to analyze the data. RESULTS Lay counselors described the importance of being responsive to TF-CBT participants' customs, beliefs, and socioeconomic conditions and highlighted the value of TF-CBT for their community. They also discussed the importance of partnering with other organizations to address unmet socioeconomic needs. CONCLUSION The findings from this study provide support for the acceptability and appropriateness of TF-CBT as a treatment approach for improving child mental health. Having a better understanding of the strategies used by lay counselors to ensure that treatment is relevant to the cultural and socioeconomic context of participants can help to inform the implementation of future EBTs. (PsycINFO Database Record
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Affiliation(s)
- Briana A. Woods-Jaeger
- Children’s Mercy, Kansas City, University of Missouri- Kansas City, School of Medicine, 2401 Gillham Road, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA.
| | - Christine M. Kava
- Department of Community and Behavioral Health, University of Iowa College of Public Health, 145 N. Riverside Drive, N467, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
| | - Christopher F. Akiba
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
| | - Leah Lucid
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Guthrie Hall, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. ;
| | - Shannon Dorsey
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Guthrie Hall, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. ;
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Zhang HR, Tao JL, Lu SF, Xu SL, Gu YH. [From Treatment of Stress Disease by Acupuncture to Correlation between Acupuncture and Stress]. Zhen Ci Yan Jiu 2016; 41:560-564. [PMID: 29071902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Stress disease is a body functional disorder caused by harmful stimuli overwhelming the nonspecific adaptive capabilities. Numerous evidence proved the feasibility of acupuncture in treating stress diseases. This paper aims at exploring new perspective in the study on the underlying mechanism of acupuncture in the treatment of stress diseases. The discussion is conducted by summarizing the pathogenesis of stress diseases and mechanisms of its treatment with acupuncture, in exploring the related factors of acupuncture and stress response, and the correlation between the two from the regulatory pathway, medium, characteristics and manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Ru Zhang
- Second School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jia-Lei Tao
- Fist School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Sheng-Feng Lu
- Second School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Sen-Lei Xu
- Second School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yi-Huang Gu
- Second School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
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Abstract
Attachment-based family therapy (ABFT) is an empirically supported treatment designed to capitalize on the innate, biological desire for meaningful and secure relationships. The therapy is grounded in attachment theory and provides an interpersonal, process-oriented, trauma-focused approach to treating adolescent depression, suicidality, and trauma. Although a process-oriented therapy, ABFT offers a clear structure and road map to help therapists quickly address attachment ruptures that lie at the core of family conflict. Several clinical trials and process studies have demonstrated empirical support for the model and its proposed mechanism of change. This article provides an overview of the clinical model and the existing empirical support for ABFT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Diamond
- Couple and Family Therapy, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Jody Russon
- Drexel University College of Nursing and Health Professions, Philadelphia, PA.
| | - Suzanne Levy
- Drexel University College of Nursing and Health Professions, Philadelphia, PA
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Abstract
This article explores the impact upon clergy as a result of working with trauma within their pastoral ministry. The paper is unusual in that examines the toll exacted as part of their daily pastoral ministry in offering care and support to those who have encountered life's daily tragedies. Utilizing a sample of 16 serving Irish clergy Drawing on an Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis framework the data was organized into super-ordinate themes. Findings indicate that this is a challenging aspect of the ministry and one that can result in physical, cognitive and behavioural effects not only on those who provide the initial support but also in turn upon their informal support networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill Anne Hendron
- Lecturer in Counseling and Health Communication, School of Communication, University of Ulster in Northern Ireland
| | - Pauline Irving
- Senior Associate Lecturer in Counseling, Jordanstown campus, University of Ulster in Northern Ireland
| | - Brian J Taylor
- Professor of Social Work, Magee Campus, University of Ulster in Northern Ireland
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Abstract
Scholars in different disciplines have begun to converge in their answer to the fundamental question, "what does it mean to be a unique person." Writers in the fields of psychology, neurology and theology have begun to address the fact that identity is tied to the narratives we create, more than the events that occur in life. Traumatic events in life can create discontinuities in that narrative that interfere with functioning. In this essay, I propose the use of traumatic Biblical narratives in pastoral counseling to assist the client in articulating personal traumatic episodes and beginning the process of integrating traumatic experiences and initiating growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Ballaban
- Chaplain, Veterans, Administration Medical Center, Portland, OR
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