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Haack I, Dressel A, Maerz W. Cascade screening and registry for patients with familial hypercholesterolemia in Germany – A follow-up survey. Atherosclerosis 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.06.640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Freihold D, Bartels T, Bergmann S, Berk J, Deerberg F, Dressel A, Erhard M, Ermakow O, Huchler M, Spindler B, Thieme S, Krautwald-Junghanns ME, Hafez H. Corrigendum to “Investigation of the occurrence of pathological carcass alterations at the processing plant in meat turkeys reared in organic production systems in Germany”. J APPL POULTRY RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.japr.2021.100196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Dressel A, Hegen H. FLC kappa and lambda testing in CSF to support in diagnosis of neurological diseases. Clin Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.03.685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Freihold D, Bartels T, Bergmann S, Berk J, Deerberg F, Dressel A, Erhard MH, Ermakow O, Huchler M, Krautwald-Junghanns ME, Spindler B, Thieme S, Hafez HM. Investigation of the prevalence and severity of foot pad dermatitis at the slaughterhouse in fattening turkeys reared in organic production systems in Germany. Poult Sci 2019; 98:1559-1567. [PMID: 30496524 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study shows the prevalence and severity of foot pad dermatitis (FPD) in turkeys reared in organic production systems assessed at slaughterhouses in Germany. The investigations of altogether 1,860 turkeys of the strains Kelly Broad Breasted Bronze (Kelly BBB; 540 toms, 540 hens) and British United Turkeys (B.U.T.) 6 and the Test Product 7 (TP 7; 780 hens) showed that 97.7% of the examined turkeys were diagnosed with different degrees of FPD. Only 4.6% of the toms and 1.3% of the hens had feet without lesions. Most frequent were necrotic lesions measuring up to 2 cm in diameter (64.3% of all turkeys). Extensive necrotic lesions of the foot pads (toms: 29.8%; hens: 12.4%) and necrosis of superficial scales (toms: 11.3%; hens: 7.6%) were less frequent. Plantar abscesses were rare findings (1.9%). In general, the feet of the Kelly BBB hens were more affected by foot pad lesions than those of the Kelly BBB toms. There were significant differences between the investigated flocks concerning the occurrence of foot pad lesions. The aim in rearing turkeys must be the reduction of FPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Freihold
- Institute of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany.,Clinic for Birds and Reptiles, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, Germany
| | - T Bartels
- Clinic for Birds and Reptiles, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, Germany.,Institute of Animal Welfare and Animal Husbandry, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Celle, Germany
| | - S Bergmann
- Chair of Animal Welfare, Ethology, Animal Hygiene and Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - J Berk
- Institute of Animal Welfare and Animal Husbandry, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Celle, Germany
| | - F Deerberg
- Oeko-Berater, Beratung & Projektmanagement Ökologischer Landbau
| | - A Dressel
- Veterinär- und Lebensmittelüberwachungsamt, Landkreis Stendal, Germany
| | - M H Erhard
- Chair of Animal Welfare, Ethology, Animal Hygiene and Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - O Ermakow
- Fachdienst 39, Landkreis Ludwigslust-Parchim, Germany
| | - M Huchler
- Clinic for Birds and Reptiles, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, Germany
| | - M-E Krautwald-Junghanns
- Clinic for Birds and Reptiles, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, Germany
| | - B Spindler
- Institute for Animal Hygiene, Animal Welfare and Farm Animal Behavior, University of Veterinary Medicine Hanover, Foundation, Germany
| | - S Thieme
- Institute of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany.,Clinic for Birds and Reptiles, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, Germany.,Institute of Food Safety and Food Hygiene, Working Group Meat Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Public Health, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany
| | - H M Hafez
- Institute of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany
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Muendlein A, Leiherer A, Saely CH, Geiger K, Brandtner EM, Larcher B, Mader A, Fraunberger P, Kleber M, Dressel A, Maerz W, Drexel H. P4772Elevated parathyroid hormone is associated with an increased mortality risk in type 2 diabetes. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy563.p4772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - A Leiherer
- Private University of the Principality of Liechtenstein, Triesen, Liechtenstein
| | - C H Saely
- Bern University Hospital, Division of Angiology, Swiss Cardiovascular Center, Bern, Switzerland
| | - K Geiger
- VIVIT Institute, Feldkirch, Austria
| | | | - B Larcher
- Academic Teaching Hospital, Department of Medicine and Cardiology, Feldkirch, Austria
| | - A Mader
- Academic Teaching Hospital, Department of Medicine and Cardiology, Feldkirch, Austria
| | - P Fraunberger
- Academic Teaching Hospital, Medical Central Laboratory Feldkirch, Feldkirch, Austria
| | - M Kleber
- Mannheim Medical Faculty, Internal Medicine V, Mannheim, Germany
| | - A Dressel
- DACH-Association, Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Hamburg, Germany
| | - W Maerz
- Medical University of Graz, Clinical Institute for Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Graz, Austria
| | - H Drexel
- Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, United States of America
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Süße M, Hannich M, Petersmann A, Zylla S, Pietzner M, Nauck M, Dressel A. Kappa free light chains in cerebrospinal fluid to identify patients with oligoclonal bands. Eur J Neurol 2018; 25:1134-1139. [PMID: 29683546 DOI: 10.1111/ene.13667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The gold standard for detection of intrathecal immunoglobulin synthesis is the measurement of oligoclonal bands (OCB). In the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis, the kappa free light chains (KFLC) index has a similar sensitivity and specificity as OCB. This study investigated whether determination of the KFLC index could be used to predict the presence of OCB. METHODS The KFLC index was determined prospectively from 295 paired serum and cerebrospinal fluid samples. KFLC were determined by nephelometry using the N Latex FLC kappa kit (Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Products GmbH) on the BN Prospec analyzer (Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Products GmbH) (cohort I). A cut-off value was determined using receiver operating characteristic analysis in relation to OCB positivity. These results were validated prospectively in 96 samples (cohort II) as well as retrospectively in samples of 46 patients known to be OCB positive (cohort III). We also compared the agreement of two commercially available nephelometric KFLC assays. RESULTS In cohort I, a KFLC index of 3.61 yielded 100% sensitivity and 88% specificity. Prospective validation of this cut-off value in cohort II showed 92% sensitivity and 96% specificity. In cohort III, a sensitivity of 93% was achieved. Comparison of Siemens and Binding Site (Birmingham, UK) assays revealed good agreement (r2 = 0.86). CONCLUSIONS The KFLC index with a cut-off value of 3.61 had high diagnostic accuracy to predict immunoglobulin G synthesis via OCB analysis. Determination of the KFLC index provided a quantitative parameter that could be used as an initial diagnostic step in inflammatory central nervous system disorders before measuring OCB.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Süße
- Department of Neurology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald
| | - M Hannich
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald
| | - A Petersmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald
| | - S Zylla
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald
| | - M Pietzner
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald
| | - M Nauck
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald
| | - A Dressel
- Department of Neurology, Carl-Thieme Klinikum Cottbus, Cottbus, Germany
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Dressel A, Simon H, Suchowski M, Müller K. “Triton tumor” in a Haflinger – case report, histology, therapy. PFERDEHEILKUNDE 2017. [DOI: 10.21836/pem20170304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Schmidt N, Schmidt B, Dressel A, Gergei I, Klotsche J, Pieper L, Scharnagel H, Kleber M, März W, Wittchen H, Grammer T. Familial hypercholesterolemia in primary care in germany – Diabetes and cardiovascular risk evaluation: Targets and essential data for commitment of treatment (DETECT) Study. Atherosclerosis 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.07.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Grothe M, Lotze M, Langner S, Dressel A. P112. The cerebellum and the Multiple Sclerosis Functional Composite Score: Voxel based morphometry identifies cerebellar regional gray matter loss correlating with walking ability, dexterity and cognitive function. Clin Neurophysiol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2015.04.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Abstract
The treatment of ischemic stroke is one of the great challenges in modern neurology. The localization and the size of the infarct determine the long-term disability of stroke survivors. Recent observations have revealed that stroke also alters the function of the immune system and vice versa: At the site of the infarct, a local inflammatory response develops that enhances brain lesion development. In experimental stroke, proof-of-concept studies confirm that inhibition of this immune response reduces lesion volume and improves outcome. In the peripheral blood of stroke patients, though, lymphocytopenia and monocyte dysfunction develop. These changes reflect a clinically relevant impairment of bacterial defense mechanisms because they are associated with an enhanced risk to acquire post-stroke infections. Stress hormones have been identified as important mediators of stroke-induced immune suppression. The pharmacological inhibition of beta adrenergic receptors, but not the inhibition of steroids, is effective in reducing infection and improving clinical outcome in experimental stroke; catecholamine release therefore appears causally related to stroke-induced immune suppression. Strong evidence supports the hypothesis that these immune alterations impact the clinical course of stroke patients. Thus, the development of new therapeutic strategies targeted to alter the immunological consequences of stroke appears promising. However, to date, the beneficial effects seen in experimental stroke have not been successfully translated into a clinical trial. This brief review summarizes the current understanding of the immunological consequences of ischemic stroke. Finally, we propose a concept that links the peripheral immune suppression with the development of local inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Vogelgesang
- Universitiy Medicine; Institute of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine; Greifswald Germany
| | - K. J. Becker
- University of Washington School of Medicine; Harborview Medical Center; Seattle WA USA
| | - A. Dressel
- Section of Neuroimmunology; Department of Neurology, University Medicine Greifswald; Greifswald Germany
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES Mitoxantrone is a cytotoxic drug with immune modulatory properties used in the treatment of progressive forms of multiple sclerosis (MS). We explored the effect of mitoxantrone treatment in MS patients on cytokine patterns induced in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and T-cell subsets ex vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS Blood was obtained before mitoxantrone infusion and 6, 12 and 18 days thereafter. Proliferation and prototypic TH1-, TH17- and TH2-type cytokines were determined following in vitro stimulation of PBMC, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. In addition, a patient cohort receiving its first mitoxantrone treatment was cross-sectionally compared with a cohort of patients with more than 1 year of treatment. RESULTS Mitoxantrone treatment increased the ex vivo production of the TH2 cytokines interleukin-4 (IL-4; P < 0.05) and IL-5 (P < 0.001) in phytohemagglutinin-stimulated CD4+ T cells within 18 days of treatment. The cross-sectional study revealed that long-term treatment with mitoxantrone increased the inducibility of IL-4 and IL-5 secretion by PBMCs and CD4+ T cells even further. No significant changes were observed for interferon-γ, tumour necrosis factor-α, IL-17 and IL-10. Mitoxantrone did not alter the proliferative capacity of ex vivo-stimulated T cells. CONCLUSION Mitoxantrone treatment in MS enhances the inducibility of TH2-type cytokines, which may contribute to its beneficial effects in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Vogelgesang
- Department of Neurology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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Langner S, Bock K, Otto S, Dressel A, Hosten N, Kirsch M. Multiple Sklerose bei 3T: diagnostischer Gewinn durch Subtraktionsaufnahmen. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2010. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1252536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Dietzel J, Krebs A, Lüdemann J, Böttcher D, Roser M, Dressel A. Nachweis von β-trace-Protein in Pleuraergüssen und Aszites: Konsequenz für die Diagnostik von Liquorfisteln. Akt Neurol 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1238342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Dressel A, Vogelgesang A, May V, Kessler C, Bröker BM. T-Zell Aktivierung nach Schlaganfall. Akt Neurol 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1238456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Dressel A, Hemleben V. Transparent Testa Glabra 1 (TTG1) and TTG1-like genes in Matthiola incana R. Br. and related Brassicaceae and mutation in the WD-40 motif. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2009; 11:204-12. [PMID: 19228327 DOI: 10.1111/j.1438-8677.2008.00099.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
TTG1 (Transparent Testa Glabra 1), a WD-40 repeat protein, is involved in regulation of flavonoid/anthocyanin biosynthesis, seed coat (mucilage) development/pigmentation and trichome formation in leaves. Here, we characterized the TTG1 gene of Matthiola incana wild type (e locus), showing 85.3% similarity to TTG1 of A. thaliana on the nucleotide level and 96.2% on the protein level. A white-flowered and glabrous mutant, line 17, of M. incana exhibits one nucleotide change, leading to an amino acid substitution directly in the WD motif (W158R). Correspondingly, the DFR (dihydroflavonol 4-reductase) gene, in which the expression is known to be dependent on TTG1, is not expressed in Matthiola mutant lines 17 (and 19). Comparison of the GC content of the Matthiola TTG1 (54.1%) and Arabidopsis TTG1 (46.1%) genes revealed a strong difference, mostly obtained by neutral substitutions (C to T transitions). To examine whether this is an ecologically influenced trend, a fragment of TTG1 was characterized from another Matthiola species (M. tricuspidata) and from Malcolmia flexuosa subsp. naxensis from the eastern Mediterranean, near a beach with sandy and salty soils. Both Matthiola species have a higher GC content in the TTG1 gene than Arabidopsis and the closer-related Malcolmia, indicating that the GC content is rather an evolutionary than an ecological signal. A similar WD-40 repeat protein gene (containing no intron in the 3' untranslated region) with high similarity to the Arabidopsis TTG1-like (AtAN11) gene was found in Matthiola.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Dressel
- Department of General Genetics, Center of Plant Molecular Biology (ZMBP), Tübingen, Germany
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Adamaszek M, Weymar M, Berneiser J, Dressel A, Kessler C, Hamm A. 176. Impaired emotional face processing in patients with multiple sclerosis: An ERP analysis of the N170 component. Clin Neurophysiol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2008.07.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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May V, Vogelgesang A, Bakkebö M, Jack R, Bröker B, Kessler C, Dressel A. Lymphozytenfunktion nach Schlaganfall. Akt Neurol 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1086484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Rosenberg S, Skrzipek S, Bröker B, Dressel A. Mitoxantron Behandlung von MS Patienten induziert TH2 Zytokine. Akt Neurol 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1087042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Buddensiek J, Dressel A, Storch A, Sabolek M. Influence of cerebrospinal fluid on survival and differentiation of foetal rat neural stem cells. Akt Neurol 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1086719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Millonig A, Dressel A, Bahner D, Bitsch A, Bogumil T, Elitok E, Kitze B, Tumani H, Weber F, Gneiss C, Deisenhammer F. MxA protein an interferon beta biomarker in primary progressive multiple sclerosis patients. Eur J Neurol 2008; 15:822-6. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2008.02190.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Abstract
Neutrophils in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples are commonly considered a pathological feature; however, there is little information on the frequency and significance of these cells in CSF samples without pleocytosis. Therefore, the frequency and possible clinical significance of neutrophils in CSF was investigated. In a retrospective study comprising 1556 consecutive CSF samples, cytologies and patient records were reviewed. Five hundred thirty-eight CSF samples without pleocytosis were identified. Neutrophils were detected in 35.5% of these samples. The presence of neutrophils was associated with sepsis (P < 0.01), recent epileptic seizure (P < 0.0001), and blood contamination (P < 0.01). Amongst patients without CSF pleocytosis, CNS infections were not more frequent if neutrophils were present. Neutrophils are frequently observed in CSF with normal leukocyte counts. As sepsis but not CNS infection occurred more frequently in these patients, we conclude that in the absence of CSF pleocytosis, neutrophils are not indicative of CNS infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Dietzel
- Department of Neurology, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Strasse, Germany
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Adamaszek M, Weymar M, Berneiser J, Dressel A, Kessler C, Hamm A. Impaired emotional face processing in patients with multiple sclerosis: an ERP analysis of the N170 component. KLIN NEUROPHYSIOL 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1072970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES Migration of inflammatory cells across the blood-brain barrier is a central event in the formation of multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions and is known to be enhanced in MS patients. This study investigates the migration of CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell subsets and the effects of interferon-beta1a (IFN-beta1a) treatment on migration and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) production of these T-cell subsets. MATERIALS AND METHODS An ex vivo transwell system was established to compare the migratory behaviour of lymphocytes isolated from normal controls and untreated MS patients. In addition, MS patients were investigated longitudinally after initiation of IFN-beta1a treatment. RESULTS Migration of CD4+ T cells (P < 0.05), but not of CD8+ T cells, was enhanced in untreated MS patients compared with controls and was normalized by treatment with IFN-beta1a. In addition, IFN-beta1a treatment reduced MMP-9 production of CD4+ but not CD8+ T cells. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that CD4+ T cells, but not CD8+ T cells, contribute to the enhanced ex vivo migration observed in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Dressel
- Department of Neurology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
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Dietzel J, Krebs A, Fröhlich CP, Vogelgesang S, Roser M, Dressel A. Hochgradige thorakale intraspinale Raumforderung ohne Störung der Blut-Liquor-Schranke. Akt Neurol 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-988027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Krause M, Wendt J, Berneiser J, Meinhard K, Lotze M, Hamm A, Dressel A, Hosten N, Kessler C. Verarbeitung emotionaler Gesichtsausdrücke bei Patienten mit Multipler Sklerose – eine fMRT-Studie. Akt Neurol 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-988007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Vogelgesang A, Grunwald U, Langner S, Jack R, Bröker B, Kessler C, Dressel A. Das Auftreten von Infektionen bei Schlaganfallpatienten korreliert mit dem Verlust von CD4+ T-Zellen. Akt Neurol 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-988081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Gaida-Hommernick B, Dressel A, Langner S, Lubenow N, Khaw AV. Intraarterielle Thrombolyse bei Mediainfarkt – ist eine orale Antikoagulation in jedem Fall eine Kontraindikation? Akt Neurol 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-988086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Bakkeboe M, Vogelgesang A, Jack R, Bröker B, Dressel A. CTLA-4 und ICOS Expression nach Schlaganfall. Akt Neurol 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-988083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Adamaszek M, Khaw AV, Langner S, Rang A, Dressel A. Cerebrale Sinusvenenthrombose bei akuter Neuroborreliose. Akt Neurol 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-988019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Dressel A, Kolb AK, Elitok E, Bitsch A, Bogumil T, Kitze B, Tumani H, Weber F. Interferon-beta1b treatment modulates cytokines in patients with primary progressive multiple sclerosis. Acta Neurol Scand 2006; 114:368-73. [PMID: 17083335 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0404.2006.00700.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES It is unknown whether the immunological effects of beta-interferon (IFN-beta) differ in primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) when compared with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). Therefore, we investigated the effects of IFN-beta1b treatment in PPMS on proliferation and cytokine pattern of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) serum level. METHODS Eighteen patients were treated with IFN-beta1b for 12 months in an open-label trial. Serum and PBMC were collected longitudinally. RESULTS Interleukin-10 serum levels increased (P = 0.02) during treatment. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha was increased in anti CD3 (OKT3) antibody stimulated PBMC during treatment (P = 0.04), whereas secretion of IL-10 was decreased in OKT3 (P = 0.04), but increased in concavalin A stimulated PBMC (P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS Interleukin-10 serum levels rose in IFN-beta1b-treated patients as has been observed in RRMS. The changes in cytokine patterns secreted by T-lymphocytes of PPMS patients, however, differ from effects observed in RRMS supporting the hypothesis that PPMS differs in some immunological aspects from RRMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Dressel
- Department of Neurology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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Dietzel J, Krebs A, Lüdemann J, Roser M, Dressel A. Systemische Inflammation und Granulozyten im Liquor ohne Pleozytose. Akt Neurol 2006. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-953370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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32
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Khaw A, Oderska A, Adamaszek M, Dressel A, Kirsch M, Kessler C. Akute cerebrovaskuläre Manifestation eines Hypereosinophilie-Syndroms mit unterschiedlichen histologischen Organmanifestationen. Akt Neurol 2006. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-953289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Vogelgesang A, Peters S, Brinkmeier H, Weber F, Dressel A. Unterschiede im Zytokinsekretionsmuster Glatirameracetat -reaktiver CD8+ T- Zellen von Gesunden und MS-Patienten. Akt Neurol 2005. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-919605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Bitsch A, Bahner D, Wachter C, Elitok E, Bogumil T, Dressel A, Polak T, Tumani H, Weber F, Poser S, Kitze B. Interferon beta-1b modulates serum sVCAM-1 levels in primary progressive multiple sclerosis. Acta Neurol Scand 2004; 110:386-92. [PMID: 15527451 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0404.2004.00347.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial activation is a key feature of multiple sclerosis (MS) pathogenesis. It is modulated by interferon beta-1b (IFNB-1b) treatment in relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) patients. This particular pharmacodynamic effect still has to be proven in primary progressive MS (PPMS). In the current study, serum concentrations of soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) and sE-selectin were analyzed longitudinally in 18 PPMS patients before, during and after 12 months of treatment with IFNB-1b. During drug therapy there was a significant early and sustained increase of sVCAM-1 (overall P < 0.0001). Flu-like symptoms induced by IFNB-1b and also concomitant infections were associated with higher sVCAM-1 levels. Neutralizing antibodies to IFNB-1b were associated with lower sVCAM-1 levels. In conclusion, IFNB-1b modulates the adhesion cascade in patients with PPMS in a similar way it does in RRMS. Nevertheless, a clinical effect of IFNB in PPMS still has to be proven in a randomized controlled clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bitsch
- Neurologische Klinik, Ruppiner Kliniken GmbH, Neuruppin, Germany.
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Gerlach C, Peters S, Schöll U, Weber F, Dressel A. Die Migration von CD4+ aber nicht CD8+T-Zellen ist bei Patienten mit Multipler Sklerose gesteigert und wird durch Behandlung mit Interferon-β-1a normalisiert. Akt Neurol 2004. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-832964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Busse S, Spanka S, Busse M, Suofu Y, Bröker B, Popa-Wagner A, Dressel A. Expression of CD80 and CD86 in the brain of Lewis rats after induction of stroke. Akt Neurol 2004. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-833384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Killyen M, Ahrens M, Schminke U, Dressel A. Perioperativ gleichzeitig aufgetretene symmetrische lentikulostriatäre Infarkte - ein Fallbericht. Akt Neurol 2004. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-833237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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38
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Brettschneider J, Ecker D, Bitsch A, Bahner D, Bogumil T, Dressel A, Elitok E, Kitze B, Poser S, Weber F, Tumani H. The macrophage activity marker sCD14 is increased in patients with multiple sclerosis and upregulated by interferon beta-1b. J Neuroimmunol 2002; 133:193-7. [PMID: 12446022 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-5728(02)00353-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The soluble form of the CD14 molecule (sCD14), a macrophage activity marker, was measured in the plasma of 17 patients with primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) and 20 patients with relapsing remitting MS (RRMS). In patients with PPMS, sCD14 levels were determined before and after treatment with interferon beta (IFNB). In both PPMS and in RRMS, sCD14 levels were significantly elevated compared to healthy controls. In patients with PPMS, sCD14 levels increased significantly during the first 3 months of IFNB therapy, then slightly decreased, but still remained elevated compared with levels before therapy. Therefore, the elevated sCD14 levels may be a marker in evaluating biological response to IFNB therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Brettschneider
- Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Oberer Eselsberg 45, 89081, Ulm, Germany
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Dressel A, Chin JL, Sette A, Gausling R, Höllsberg P, Hafler DA. Autoantigen recognition by human CD8 T cell clones: enhanced agonist response induced by altered peptide ligands. J Immunol 1997; 159:4943-51. [PMID: 9366420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Determination of immunodominant epitopes of MHC class I-restricted self-Ags and elucidation of TCR contact residues is of potential importance in providing a means of manipulating the immune response to self-Ags in human autoimmune diseases. A computer algorithm was used to examine the sequences of the two major encephalitogenic proteins of myelin, MBP and PLP, for HLA-A2 binding motifs. Thirty-eight peptides with HLA-A2.1 binding motifs were synthesized and their binding to HLA-A2.1 was measured. A panel of HLA-A2-restricted T cell clones directed against the PLPp80-88 epitope, which exceeded the binding affinity of the other myelin-peptides tested by at least one order of magnitude, was generated. Using a set of analogue peptides with single amino acid substitutions, we detected a distinct pattern of TCR contact residues for each clone. Surprisingly, modification of different presumed TCR contact residues generated superagonist peptides, which are defined as peptides with equal or lower MHC binding affinity to HLA-A2 that induce half-maximal effector responses at 100-fold lower concentrations than the original peptide. These agonist peptides could drive cytotoxic T cell clones to proliferate, secrete cytokines, and clonally expand at concentrations at which the native peptide induced only cytotoxic responses. The proliferation induced by the superagonist peptides gives additional evidence that the clonal expansion of CD8 T cell clones may in part be regulated on the level of Ag recognition by the TCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Dressel
- Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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42
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Dressel A, Chin JL, Sette A, Gausling R, Höllsberg P, Hafler DA. Autoantigen recognition by human CD8 T cell clones: enhanced agonist response induced by altered peptide ligands. The Journal of Immunology 1997. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.159.10.4943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Determination of immunodominant epitopes of MHC class I-restricted self-Ags and elucidation of TCR contact residues is of potential importance in providing a means of manipulating the immune response to self-Ags in human autoimmune diseases. A computer algorithm was used to examine the sequences of the two major encephalitogenic proteins of myelin, MBP and PLP, for HLA-A2 binding motifs. Thirty-eight peptides with HLA-A2.1 binding motifs were synthesized and their binding to HLA-A2.1 was measured. A panel of HLA-A2-restricted T cell clones directed against the PLPp80-88 epitope, which exceeded the binding affinity of the other myelin-peptides tested by at least one order of magnitude, was generated. Using a set of analogue peptides with single amino acid substitutions, we detected a distinct pattern of TCR contact residues for each clone. Surprisingly, modification of different presumed TCR contact residues generated superagonist peptides, which are defined as peptides with equal or lower MHC binding affinity to HLA-A2 that induce half-maximal effector responses at 100-fold lower concentrations than the original peptide. These agonist peptides could drive cytotoxic T cell clones to proliferate, secrete cytokines, and clonally expand at concentrations at which the native peptide induced only cytotoxic responses. The proliferation induced by the superagonist peptides gives additional evidence that the clonal expansion of CD8 T cell clones may in part be regulated on the level of Ag recognition by the TCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Dressel
- Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - J L Chin
- Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - A Sette
- Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - R Gausling
- Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - P Höllsberg
- Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - D A Hafler
- Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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43
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Höllsberg P, Batra V, Dressel A, Hafler DA. Induction of anergy in CD8 T cells by B cell presentation of antigen. The Journal of Immunology 1996. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.157.12.5269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Induction of T cell anergy is thought to occur during activation in the absence of adequate costimulation. Here we demonstrate induction of anergy in a CD8 T cell clone by its cognate Ag in the presence of B7-1 and B7-2 costimulation. Primary activation of a CD28+CD8+ T cell clone by either human T cell lymphotrophic virus type I (HTLV-I) Tax11-19 peptide-pulsed EBV-transformed B cells, CD40L-stimulated B cells, or T cells was sufficient to induce complete unresponsiveness to a secondary Ag challenge. This was not caused by lack of B7 costimulation since the APCs expressed B7-1 and B7-2 and failed to induce anergy in an MBP peptide 84-102-reactive CD4 T cell clone. While anergic CD8 T cells did not proliferate, they retained their ability to lyse peptide-pulsed target cells. However, Ag stimulation failed to induce IL-2 mRNA transcription and IL-2 secretion, although immediate early tyrosine phosphorylation was normal and anti-CD3 cross-linking induced identical levels of CD40L expression in anergized and non-anergized CD8 T cells. Secondary Ag stimulation in the presence of exogenous IL-2, however, resulted in normal proliferative response. Moreover, while stimulation of CD8 T cells with PHA and B cells induced anergy, CD8 T cell stimulation with PHA and mononuclear cells failed to do so. In addition, the presence of mononuclear cells during the exposure of CD8 T cells to peptide-pulsed B cells prevented the induction of anergy. Together, our observations demonstrate that at least a subpopulation of CD8 T cells are anergized when costimulation is provided by B cells or T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Höllsberg
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - V Batra
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - A Dressel
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - D A Hafler
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Höllsberg P, Batra V, Dressel A, Hafler DA. Induction of anergy in CD8 T cells by B cell presentation of antigen. J Immunol 1996; 157:5269-76. [PMID: 8955172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Induction of T cell anergy is thought to occur during activation in the absence of adequate costimulation. Here we demonstrate induction of anergy in a CD8 T cell clone by its cognate Ag in the presence of B7-1 and B7-2 costimulation. Primary activation of a CD28+CD8+ T cell clone by either human T cell lymphotrophic virus type I (HTLV-I) Tax11-19 peptide-pulsed EBV-transformed B cells, CD40L-stimulated B cells, or T cells was sufficient to induce complete unresponsiveness to a secondary Ag challenge. This was not caused by lack of B7 costimulation since the APCs expressed B7-1 and B7-2 and failed to induce anergy in an MBP peptide 84-102-reactive CD4 T cell clone. While anergic CD8 T cells did not proliferate, they retained their ability to lyse peptide-pulsed target cells. However, Ag stimulation failed to induce IL-2 mRNA transcription and IL-2 secretion, although immediate early tyrosine phosphorylation was normal and anti-CD3 cross-linking induced identical levels of CD40L expression in anergized and non-anergized CD8 T cells. Secondary Ag stimulation in the presence of exogenous IL-2, however, resulted in normal proliferative response. Moreover, while stimulation of CD8 T cells with PHA and B cells induced anergy, CD8 T cell stimulation with PHA and mononuclear cells failed to do so. In addition, the presence of mononuclear cells during the exposure of CD8 T cells to peptide-pulsed B cells prevented the induction of anergy. Together, our observations demonstrate that at least a subpopulation of CD8 T cells are anergized when costimulation is provided by B cells or T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Höllsberg
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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45
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Nau R, Prange HW, Kinzig M, Frank A, Dressel A, Scholz P, Kolenda H, Sörgel F. Cerebrospinal fluid ceftazidime kinetics in patients with external ventriculostomies. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1996; 40:763-6. [PMID: 8851607 PMCID: PMC163194 DOI: 10.1128/aac.40.3.763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Ceftazidime has proven to be effective for the treatment of bacterial meningitis caused by multiresistant gram-negative bacteria. Since nosocomial central nervous system infections are often accompanied by only a minor dysfunction of the blood-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) barrier, patients with noninflammatory occlusive hydrocephalus who had undergone external ventriculostomy were studied (n = 8). Serum and CSF were drawn repeatedly after the administration of the first dose of ceftazidime (3 g over 30 min intravenously), and concentrations were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography by using UV detection. The concentrations of ceftazidime in CSF were maximal at 1 to 13 h (median, 5.5 h) after the end of the infusion and ranged from 0.73 to 2.80 mg/liter (median, 1.56 mg/liter). The elimination half-lives were 3.13 to 18.1 h (median, 10.7 h) in CSF compared with 2.02 to 5.24 h (median, 3.74 h) in serum. The ratios of the areas under the concentration-time curves in CSF and serum (AUCCSF/AUCS) ranged from 0.027 to 0.123 (median, 0.054). After the administration of a single dose of 3 g, the maximum concentrations of ceftazidime in CSF were approximately four times higher than those after the administration of 2-g intravenous doses of cefotaxime (median, 0.44 mg/liter) and ceftriaxone (median, 0.43 mg/liter) (R. Nau, H. W. Prange, P. Muth, G. Mahr, S. Menck, H. Kolenda, and F. Sörgel, Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 37:1518-1524, 1993). The median AUCCSF/AUCS ratio of ceftazidime was slightly below that of cefotaxime (0.12), but it was 1 order of magnitude above the median AUCCSF/AUCS of ceftriaxone (0.007) (Nau et al., Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 37:1518-1524, 1993). The concentrations of ceftazidime observed in CSF were above the MICs for most Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. However, they are probably not high enough to be rapidly bactericidal. For this reason, the daily dose should be increased to 12 g in cases of P. aeruginosa infections of the central nervous system when the blood-CSF barrier is minimally impaired.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Nau
- Department of Neurology, University of Göttingen, Germany
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Schaefer A, Dressel A, Lingelbach K, Schmidt CA, Steinheider G, Marquardt H. Induction of differentiation in Friend-erythroleukemia cells by aclacinomycin A: early transient decrease in c-myc and c-myb mRNA levels. Leukemia 1992; 6:828-33. [PMID: 1640736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Chemical inducers of the differentiation are known to cause an early transient decrease in c-myc and c-myb mRNA levels in Friend erythroleukemia cells preceding the down-regulation of c-myc and c-myb expression in the course of irreversible terminal differentiation. We therefore investigated the early effect of the potent differentiation-inducing anthracycline antitumor antibiotic, aclacinomycin A, on the c-myc and c-myb mRNA levels in the Friend cell line, F4-6, using Northern blot analysis. Aclacinomycin A induced a rapid decrease in the levels of c-myc and c-myb transcripts within 0.5-1 h and 2-3 h, respectively. The time course of decline in c-myc and c-myb expression was similar to that observed with dimethylsulfoxide or after transcription blockage brought about by a high concentration of actinomycin D. By 12 to 18 h after aclacinomycin A exposure, the c-myc and c-myb mRNA levels had returned to about pretreatment levels. When the cells were treated with adriamycin, an anthracycline that reduces cell proliferation in F4-6 cells without increasing differentiation, an early decrease in c-myc and c-myb expression was not observed. These results suggest that the transient decrease in c-myc and c-myb mRNA levels in F4-6 cells may be an early differentiation-related biochemical effect of aclacinomycin A.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Schaefer
- Department of Toxicology, University of Hamburg Medical School, Germany
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