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Riazi H, Nazari M, Raoufy MR, Mirnajafi-Zadeh J, Shojaei A. Olfactory Epithelium Stimulation Using Rhythmic Nasal Air-Puffs Improves the Cognitive Performance of Individuals with Acute Sleep Deprivation. Brain Sci 2024; 14:378. [PMID: 38672027 PMCID: PMC11048381 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14040378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of intranasal air-puffing on cognitive impairments and brain cortical activity following one night of partial sleep deprivation (PSD) in adults. A total of 26 healthy adults underwent the numerical Stroop test (NST) and electroencephalography (EEG) before and after one night of PSD. Following PSD, subjects in the treatment group (n = 13) received nasal air-puffs (5 Hz, 3 min) before beginning the NST and EEG recording. Administration of nasal air-puffs in the treatment group restored the PSD-induced increase in error rate and decrease in reaction time and missing rate in the NST. Intranasal air-puffs recovered the PSD-induced augmentation of delta and theta power and the reduction of beta and gamma power in the EEG, particularly in the frontal lobes. Intranasal air-puffing also almost reversed the PSD-induced decrease in EEG signal complexity. Furthermore, it had a restorative effect on PSD-induced alteration in intra-default mode network functional connectivity in the beta and gamma frequency bands. Rhythmic nasal air-puffing can mitigate acute PSD-induced impairments in cognitive functions. It exerts part of its ameliorating effect by restoring neuronal activity in cortical brain areas involved in cognitive processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanieh Riazi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14117-13116, Iran; (H.R.); (M.R.R.); (J.M.-Z.)
| | - Milad Nazari
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark;
- Center for Proteins in Memory—PROMEMO, Danish National Research Foundation, 1057 København, Denmark
| | - Mohammad Reza Raoufy
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14117-13116, Iran; (H.R.); (M.R.R.); (J.M.-Z.)
- Institute for Brain and Cognition, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14117-13116, Iran
| | - Javad Mirnajafi-Zadeh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14117-13116, Iran; (H.R.); (M.R.R.); (J.M.-Z.)
- Institute for Brain and Cognition, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14117-13116, Iran
| | - Amir Shojaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14117-13116, Iran; (H.R.); (M.R.R.); (J.M.-Z.)
- Institute for Brain and Cognition, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14117-13116, Iran
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Bakhtiarzadeh F, Shahpasand K, Shojaei A, Fathollahi Y, Roohi N, Barkley V, Mirnajafi-Zadeh J. Corrigendum to "Age-dependent Effects of Dopamine on Working Memory and Synaptic Plasticity in Hippocampal CA3-CA1 Synapses in Mice" [Neuroscience 532 (2023) 14-22]. Neuroscience 2024; 542:85. [PMID: 38408733 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Bakhtiarzadeh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Koorosh Shahpasand
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Shojaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran; Institute for Brain Sciences and Cognition, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yaghoub Fathollahi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nahid Roohi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vicrotia Barkley
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Management, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Javad Mirnajafi-Zadeh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran; Institute for Brain Sciences and Cognition, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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Zare M, Rezaei M, Nazari M, Kosarmadar N, Faraz M, Barkley V, Shojaei A, Raoufy MR, Mirnajafi‐Zadeh J. Effect of the closed-loop hippocampal low-frequency stimulation on seizure severity, learning, and memory in pilocarpine epilepsy rat model. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14656. [PMID: 38439573 PMCID: PMC10912795 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS In this study, the anticonvulsant action of closed-loop, low-frequency deep brain stimulation (DBS) was investigated. In addition, the changes in brain rhythms and functional connectivity of the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex were evaluated. METHODS Epilepsy was induced by pilocarpine in male Wistar rats. After the chronic phase, a tripolar electrode was implanted in the right ventral hippocampus and a monopolar electrode in medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Subjects' spontaneous seizure behaviors were observed in continuous video recording, while the local field potentials (LFPs) were recorded simultaneously. In addition, spatial memory was evaluated by the Barnes maze test. RESULTS Applying hippocampal DBS, immediately after seizure detection in epileptic animals, reduced their seizure severity and duration, and improved their performance in Barnes maze test. DBS reduced the increment in power of delta, theta, and gamma waves in pre-ictal, ictal, and post-ictal periods. Meanwhile, DBS increased the post-ictal-to-pre-ictal ratio of theta band. DBS decreased delta and increased theta coherences, and also increased the post-ictal-to-pre-ictal ratio of coherence. In addition, DBS increased the hippocampal-mPFC coupling in pre-ictal period and decreased the coupling in the ictal and post-ictal periods. CONCLUSION Applying closed-loop, low-frequency DBS at seizure onset reduced seizure severity and improved memory. In addition, the changes in power, coherence, and coupling of the LFP oscillations in the hippocampus and mPFC demonstrate low-frequency DBS efficacy as an antiepileptic treatment, returning LFPs to a seemingly non-seizure state in subjects that received DBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meysam Zare
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
| | - Mahmoud Rezaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
| | - Milad Nazari
- Department of Technology, Electrical EngineeringSharif UniversityTehranIran
| | - Nastaran Kosarmadar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
| | - Mona Faraz
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
| | - Victoria Barkley
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Management, Toronto General HospitalUniversity Health NetworkTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Amir Shojaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
| | - Mohammad Reza Raoufy
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
| | - Javad Mirnajafi‐Zadeh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
- Institute for Brain Sciences and CognitionTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
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Ahmadi M, Rouhi N, Fathollahi Y, Shojaei A, Rezaei M, Rostami S, Saab BJ, Mirnajafi-Zadeh J. A Dual Effect of Dopamine on Hippocampal LTP and Cognitive Functions in Control and Kindled Mice. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e0926212023. [PMID: 38124004 PMCID: PMC10860576 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0926-21.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The impact of dopamine on synaptic plasticity and cognitive function following seizure is not well understood. Here, using optogenetics in the freely behaving animal, we examined exploratory behavior and short-term memory in control and kindled male mice during tonic stimulation of dopaminergic neurons within the ventral tegmental area (VTA). Furthermore, using field potential recording, we compared the effect of dopamine on synaptic plasticity in stratum radiatum and stratum oriens layers of both ventral and dorsal hippocampal CA1 regions, and again in both control and kindled male mice. Our results demonstrate that tonic stimulation of VTA dopaminergic neurons enhances novelty-driven exploration and short-term spatial memory in kindled mice, essentially rescuing the seizure-induced cognitive impairment. In addition, we found that dopamine has a dual effect on LTP in control versus kindled mice, such that application of dopamine prevented LTP induction in slices from control mice, but rescued LTP in slices taken from the kindled animal. Taken together, our results highlight the potential for dopaminergic modulation in improving synaptic plasticity and cognitive function following seizure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahboubeh Ahmadi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 1411713116, Iran
| | - Nahid Rouhi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 1411713116, Iran
| | - Yaghoub Fathollahi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 1411713116, Iran
| | - Amir Shojaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 1411713116, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Rezaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 1411713116, Iran
| | - Sareh Rostami
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 1411713116, Iran
| | - Bechara J Saab
- Preclinical Laboratory for Translational Research into Affective Disorders, DPPP, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich CH-8008, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH, Zurich 8057, Switzerland
- Mobio Interactive Pte. Ltd., 389637, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Javad Mirnajafi-Zadeh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 1411713116, Iran
- Institute for Brain Sciences and Cognition, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 1411713116, Iran
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Dashtban-Moghadam E, Khodaverdian S, Dabirmanesh B, Mirnajafi-Zadeh J, Shojaei A, Mirzaie M, Choopanian P, Atabakhshi-Kashi M, Fatholahi Y, Khajeh K. Hippocampal tandem mass tag (TMT) proteomics analysis during kindling epileptogenesis in rat. Brain Res 2024; 1822:148620. [PMID: 37848119 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a neurological disorder that remains difficult to treat due to the lack of a clear molecular mechanism and incomplete understanding of involved proteins. To identify potential therapeutic targets, it is important to gain insight into changes in protein expression patterns related to epileptogenesis. One promising approach is to analyze proteomic data, which can provide valuable information about these changes. In this study, to evaluate the changes in gene expression during epileptogenesis, LC-MC2 analysis was carried out on hippocampus during stages of electrical kindling in rat models. Subsequently, progressive changes in the expression of proteins were detected as a result of epileptogenesis development. In line with behavioral kindled seizure stages and according to the proteomics data, we described epileptogenesis phases by comparing Stage3 versus Control (S3/C0), Stage5 versus Stage3 (S5/S3), and Stage5 versus Control group (S5/C0). Gene ontology analysis on differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) showed significant changes of proteins involved in immune responses like Csf1R, Aif1 and Stat1 during S3/C0, regulation of synaptic plasticity like Bdnf, Rac1, CaMK, Cdc42 and P38 during S5/S3, and nervous system development throughout S5/C0 like Bdnd, Kcc2 and Slc1a3.There were also proteins like Cox2, which were altered commonly among all three phases. The pathway enrichment analysis of DEPs was also done to discover molecular connections between phases and we have found that the targets like Csf1R, Bdnf and Cox2 were analyzed throughout all three phases were highly involved in the PPI network analysis as hub nodes. Additionally, these same targets underwent changes which were confirmed through Western blotting. Our results have identified proteomic patterns that could shed light on the molecular mechanisms underlying epileptogenesis which may allow for novel targeted therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elahe Dashtban-Moghadam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shima Khodaverdian
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahareh Dabirmanesh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Mirnajafi-Zadeh
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran; Institute for Brain and Cognition, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Shojaei
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Mirzaie
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Neuroscience Center & Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00290, Finland; Department of Applied Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematical Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Peyman Choopanian
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Neuroscience Center & Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00290, Finland
| | - Mona Atabakhshi-Kashi
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yaghoub Fatholahi
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Khosro Khajeh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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Bakhtiarzadeh F, Shahpasand K, Shojaei A, Fathollahi Y, Roohi N, Barkley V, Mirnajafi-Zadeh J. Age-dependent Effects of Dopamine on Working Memory and Synaptic Plasticity in Hippocampal CA3-CA1 Synapses in Mice. Neuroscience 2023; 532:14-22. [PMID: 37741356 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Normal aging in mammals is accompanied by a decline in learning and memory. Dopamine plays a vital role in regulating cognitive functions, but it declines with age: During non-pathological aging, dopamine levels, receptors, and transporters decrease. Regarding the role of the dopaminergic system's changes in old age, we examined the effect of age and applied dopamine on working memory, synaptic transmission, and long-term potentiation (LTP) induction and maintenance in young adult and mature adult mice. We employed the Y-maze spontaneous alteration test to evaluate working memory. Maturation had no observed effect on working memory performance. Interestingly, working memory performance increased following intracerebroventricular administration of dopamine only in mature adult mice. We employed evoked field potential recording (in vitro) to assess the effects of age and maturation on the long-term potentiation (LTP) induction and maintenance. There was no difference in LTP induction and maintenance between young and mature adult mice before dopamine application. However, the application of dopamine on mature adult murine slices increased LTP magnitude compared to slices from young adults. According to the obtained results, it may be concluded that hippocampal neural excitability increased in mature adult subjects, and application of dopamine abolished the difference in neural excitability among young mature and adult mature groups; which was accompanied with increment of working memory and synaptic potentiation in mature adult animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Bakhtiarzadeh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Koorosh Shahpasand
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Shojaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran; Institute for Brain Sciences and Cognition, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yaghoub Fathollahi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nahid Roohi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vicrotia Barkley
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Management, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Javad Mirnajafi-Zadeh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran; Institute for Brain Sciences and Cognition, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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7
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Alaee E, Pachenari N, Khani F, Semnanian S, Shojaei A, Azizi H. Enhancement of neuronal excitability in the medial prefrontal cortex following prenatal morphine exposure. Brain Res Bull 2023; 204:110803. [PMID: 37913849 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2023.110803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
The clinical use and abuse of opioids during human pregnancy have been widely reported. Several studies have demonstrated that opioids cross the placenta in rats during late gestation, and prenatal morphine exposure has been shown to have negative outcomes in cognitive function. The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is believed to play a crucial role in cognitive processes, motivation, and emotion, integrating neural information from several brain areas and sending converted information to other structures. Dysfunctions in this area have been observed in numerous psychiatric and neurological disorders, including addiction. This current study aimed to compare the electrophysiological properties of mPFC neurons in rat offspring prenatally exposed to morphine. Pregnant rats were injected with morphine or saline twice a day from gestational days 11-18. Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings were performed in male offspring on postnatal days 14-18. All recordings were obtained in current-clamp configuration from mPFC pyramidal neurons to assess their electrophysiological properties. The results revealed that prenatal exposure to morphine shifted the resting membrane potential (RMP) to less negative voltages and increased input resistance and duration of action potentials. However, the amplitude, rise slope, and afterhyperpolarization (AHP) amplitude of the first elicited action potentials were significantly decreased in rats prenatally exposed to morphine. Moreover, the sag voltage ratio was significantly decreased in the prenatal morphine group. Our results suggest that the changes observed in the electrophysiological properties of mPFC neurons indicate an elevation in neuronal excitability following prenatal exposure to morphine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Alaee
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Narges Pachenari
- School of Cognitive Sciences, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Khani
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Semnanian
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran; Institute for Brain Sciences and Cognition, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Shojaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran; Institute for Brain Sciences and Cognition, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Azizi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran; Institute for Brain Sciences and Cognition, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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8
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Naderi S, Shiri Z, Zarei-Kheirabadi M, Mollamohammadi S, Hosseini P, Rahimi G, Moradmand A, Samadian A, Shojaei A, Yeganeh M, Mousavi SA, Badri M, Taei A, Hassani SN, Baharvand H. Cryopreserved clinical-grade human embryonic stem cell-derived dopaminergic progenitors function in Parkinson's disease models. Life Sci 2023; 329:121990. [PMID: 37524159 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
AIM Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a common age-related neurodegenerative disorder with a rising prevalence. Human pluripotent stem cells have emerged as the most promising source of cells for midbrain dopaminergic (mDA) neuron replacement in PD. This study aimed to generate transplantable mDA progenitors for treatment of PD. MATERIALS AND METHODS Here, we optimized and fine-tuned a differentiation protocol using a combination of small molecules and growth factors to induce mDA progenitors to comply with good manufacturing practice (GMP) guidelines based on our clinical-grade human embryonic stem cell (hESC) line. KEY FINDINGS The resulting mDA progenitors demonstrated robust differentiation and functional properties in vitro. Moreover, cryopreserved mDA progenitors were transplanted into 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rats, leading to functional recovery. SIGNIFICANCE We demonstrate that our optimized protocol using a clinical hESC line is suitable for generating clinical-grade mDA progenitors and provides the ground work for future translational applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Naderi
- Department of Developmental Biology, School of Basic Sciences and Advanced Technologies in Biology, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran; Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Shiri
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran; Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Zarei-Kheirabadi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Mollamohammadi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parastoo Hosseini
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Golnoosh Rahimi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azadeh Moradmand
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran; Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product Technology Development Center (ATMP-TDC), Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azam Samadian
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran; Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product Technology Development Center (ATMP-TDC), Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Shojaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Meghdad Yeganeh
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Ahmad Mousavi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Motahare Badri
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Adeleh Taei
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran; Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product Technology Development Center (ATMP-TDC), Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyedeh-Nafiseh Hassani
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran; Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product Technology Development Center (ATMP-TDC), Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Baharvand
- Department of Developmental Biology, School of Basic Sciences and Advanced Technologies in Biology, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran; Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
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9
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Alipour V, Shojaei A, Rezaei M, Mirnajafi-Zadeh J, Azizi H. Intergenerational consequences of adolescent morphine exposure on learning and memory. Neurosci Lett 2023; 808:137303. [PMID: 37196975 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2023.137303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Drug addiction is a worldwide social and medical disorder. More than 50 percent of drug abusers start their substance abuse in adolescence between the ages of 15-19. Adolescence is a sensitive and crucial period for the development and maturity of the brain. Chronic exposure to morphine, particularly during this period, lead to long-lasting effects, including effects that extend to the next generation. The current study examined the intergenerational effects of paternal morphine exposure during adolescence on learning and memory. In this study, male Wistar rats were exposed to increasing doses of morphine (5-25 mg/kg, s.c.) or saline for 10 days at postnatal days (PND) 30-39 during adolescence. Following a 20-day drug-free period, the treated male rats were mated with naïve females. Adult male offspring (PND 60-80) were tested for working memory, novel object recognition memory, spatial memory, and passive avoidance memory using the Y-Maze, novel object recognition, Morris water maze, and shuttle box tests, respectively. The spontaneous alternation (as measured in the Y-Maze test) was significantly less in the morphine-sired group compared to the saline-sired one. The offspring showed significantly less discrimination index in the novel object recognition test when compared to the control group. Morphine-sired offspring tended to spend significantly more time in the target quadrant and less escape latency in the Morris water maze on probe day when compared to the saline-sired ones. The offspring showed significantly less step-through latency to enter the dark compartment compared to the control group when measured in the shuttle box test. Paternal exposure to morphine during adolescence impaired working, novel object recognition, and passive avoidance memory in male offspring. Spatial memory changed in the morphine-sired group compared to the saline-sired one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vida Alipour
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Shojaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran; Institute for Brain Sciences and Cognition, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Rezaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Mirnajafi-Zadeh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran; Institute for Brain Sciences and Cognition, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Azizi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran; Institute for Brain Sciences and Cognition, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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10
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Esmaeili Tazangi P, Alosaimi F, Bakhtiarzadeh F, Shojaei A, Jahanshahi A, Mirnajafi-Zadeh J. Effect of Deep Brain Stimulation in The Ventral Tegmental Area on Neuronal Activity in Local and Remote Brain Regions in Kindled Mice. Cell J 2023; 25:273-286. [PMID: 37210648 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2023.557500.1058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The mechanisms behind seizure suppression by deep brain stimulation (DBS) are not fully revealed, and the most optimal stimulus regimens and anatomical targets are yet to be determined. We investigated the modulatory effect of low-frequency DBS (L-DBS) in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) on neuronal activity in downstream and upstream brain areas in chemically kindled mice by assessing c-Fos immunoreactivity. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this experimental study, 4-6 weeks old BL/6 male mice underwent stereotaxic implantation of a unilateral stimulating electrode in the VTA followed by pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) administration every other day until they showed stage 4 or 5 seizures following 3 consecutive PTZ injections. Animals were divided into control, sham-implanted, kindled, kindled-implanted, L-DBS, and kindled+L-DBS groups. In the L-DBS and kindled+L-DBS groups, four trains of L-DBS were delivered 5 min after the last PTZ injection. 48 hours after the last L-DBS, mice were transcardially perfused, and the brain was processed to evaluate c-Fos expression by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS L-DBS in the VTA significantly decreased the c-Fos expressing cell numbers in several brain areas including the hippocampus, entorhinal cortex, VTA, substantia nigra pars compacta, and dorsal raphe nucleus but not in the amygdala and CA3 area of the ventral hippocampus compared to the sham group. CONCLUSION These data suggest that the possible anticonvulsant mechanism of DBS in VTA can be through restoring the seizure-induced cellular hyperactivity to normal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Esmaeili Tazangi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faisal Alosaimi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatemeh Bakhtiarzadeh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Shojaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Jahanshahi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Javad Mirnajafi-Zadeh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
- Institute for Brain Sciences and Cognition, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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11
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Rezaei M, Raoufy MR, Fathollahi Y, Shojaei A, Mirnajafi-Zadeh J. Tonic and phasic stimulations of ventral tegmental area have opposite effects on pentylenetetrazol kindled seizures in mice. Epilepsy Res 2023; 189:107073. [PMID: 36584482 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2022.107073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Dopamine may be involved in the anticonvulsant action of deep brain stimulation (DBS). Therefore, ventral tegmental area (VTA), as a brain dopaminergic nucleus, may be a suitable target for DBS anticonvulsant action. This study investigated the effect of tonic and phasic stimulations of the VTA on seizure parameters. Seizures were induced in adult mice by sequential injections of a sub-convulsive dose of 35 mg/kg pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) every 48 h to develop the chemical kindling until the mice reached full kindled state (showing three consecutive seizure stages 4 or 5). Fully kindled mice received DBS once a day as tonic (square waves at 1 Hz; pulse duration: 200 μs; intensity: 300 μA; 600 pulses in 10 min) or phasic (square waves at 100 Hz; pulse duration: 200 μs; intensity: 300 μA; 8 trains of 10 pulses at 1 min interval; 800 pulses in 10 min) stimulations applied into their VTA for 4 days. A single dose of PTZ was injected after each DBS. Simultaneously electrocorticography and video recordings were performed during the seizure for accuracy in seizure severity parameters detection. Tonic but not phasic stimulation significantly decreased the epileptiform discharge duration and the seizure behavioral parameters such as maximum seizure stage, stage 5 duration, seizure duration. In addition, focal to generalized seizure latency increased following VTA tonic stimulation. These data suggest that tonic (but not phasic) stimulation of VTA before PTZ injection on 4 test days had anticonvulsant effects on PTZ-kindled seizures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Rezaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Raoufy
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yaghoub Fathollahi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Shojaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran; Institute for Brain Sciences and Cognition, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Mirnajafi-Zadeh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran; Institute for Brain Sciences and Cognition, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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12
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Rezaei M, Ghafouri S, Asgari A, Barkley V, Fathollahi Y, Rostami S, Shojaei A, Mirnajafi‐Zadeh J. Involvement of dopamine D 2 -like receptors in the antiepileptogenic effects of deep brain stimulation during kindling in rats. CNS Neurosci Ther 2022; 29:587-596. [PMID: 36514209 PMCID: PMC9873507 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Deep brain electrical stimulation (DBS), as a potential therapy for drug resistive epileptic patients, has inhibitory action on epileptogenesis. In the present investigation, the role of dopamine D2 -like receptors in the antiepileptogenic action of DBS was studied. METHODS Seizures were induced in adult rats by stimulating the perforant path in a semi-rapid kindling method. Five minutes after the last kindling stimulation, daily DBS was applied to the perforant path at the pattern of low frequency stimulation (LFS; 1 Hz; pulse duration: 0.1 ms; intensity: 50-150 μA; 4 trains of 200 pulses at 5 min intervals). Sulpiride (10 μg/1 μl, i.c.v.), a selective dopamine D2 -like receptor antagonist, was administered prior to the daily LFS application. RESULTS Kindling stimulations increased cumulative daily behavioral seizure stages, daily afterdischarge duration (dADD), and population spike amplitude (PS) in dentate gyrus following perforant path stimulation, while applying LFS decreased the kindled seizures' parameters. In addition, kindling potentiated the early (at 10-50 ms inter-pulse interval) and late (at 150-1000 ms inter-pulse interval) paired-pulse inhibition and decreased the paired-pulse facilitation (at 70-100 ms inter-pulse interval). These effects were also inhibited by applying LFS. All inhibitory effects of LFS on kindling procedure were prevented by sulpiride administration. CONCLUSION These data may suggest that LFS exerts its preventive effect on kindling development, at least partly, through the receptors on which sulpiride acts which are mainly dopamine D2 -like (including D2 , D3 , and D4 ) receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Rezaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
| | - Samireh Ghafouri
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
| | - Azam Asgari
- Department of BiologyUniversity of VictoriaVictoriaBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Victoria Barkley
- Krembil Research InstituteUniversity Health NetworkTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Yaghoub Fathollahi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
| | - Sareh Rostami
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
| | - Amir Shojaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
| | - Javad Mirnajafi‐Zadeh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran,Institute for Brain Sciences and CognitionTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
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13
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Khodadadi M, Zare M, Rezaei M, Bakhtiarzadeh F, Barkley V, Shojaei A, Raoufy MR, Mirnajafi-Zadeh J. Effect of low frequency stimulation of olfactory bulb on seizure severity, learning, and memory in kindled rats. Epilepsy Res 2022; 188:107055. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2022.107055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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14
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Ghasemi Z, Naderi N, Shojaei A, Raoufy MR, Ahmadirad N, Barkley V, Mirnajafi-Zadeh J. Group I metabotropic glutamate receptors contribute to the antiepileptic effect of electrical stimulation in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons. Epilepsy Res 2021; 178:106821. [PMID: 34839145 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2021.106821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Low-frequency deep brain stimulation (LFS) inhibits neuronal hyperexcitability during epilepsy. Accordingly, the use of LFS as a treatment method for patients with drug-resistant epilepsy has been proposed. However, the LFS antiepileptic mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, the role of metabotropic glutamate receptors group I (mGluR I) in LFS inhibitory action on epileptiform activity (EA) was investigated. EA was induced by increasing the K+ concentration in artificial cerebrospinal fluid (ACSF) up to 12 mM in hippocampal slices of male Wistar rats. LFS (1 Hz, 900 pulses) was delivered to the bundles of Schaffer collaterals at the beginning of EA. The excitability of CA1 pyramidal neurons was assayed by intracellular whole-cell recording. Applying LFS reduced the firing frequency during EA and substantially moved the membrane potential toward repolarization after a high-K+ ACSF washout. In addition, LFS attenuated the EA-generated neuronal hyperexcitability. A blockade of both mGluR 1 and mGluR 5 prevented the inhibitory action of LFS on EA-generated neuronal hyperexcitability. Activation of mGluR I mimicked the LFS effects and had similar inhibitory action on excitability of CA1 pyramidal neurons following EA. However, mGluR I agonist's antiepileptic action was not as strong as LFS. The observed LFS effects were significantly attenuated in the presence of a PKC inhibitor. Altogether, the LFS' inhibitory action on neuronal hyperexcitability following EA relies, in part, on the activity of mGluR I and a PKC-related signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Ghasemi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran; Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Nima Naderi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Shojaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Raoufy
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nooshin Ahmadirad
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Victoria Barkley
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Javad Mirnajafi-Zadeh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran; Institute for Brain Sciences and Cognition, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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15
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Moeinvaziri F, Shojaei A, Haghparast N, Yakhkeshi S, Nemati S, Hassani SN, Baharvand H. Towards maturation of human otic hair cell-like cells in pluripotent stem cell-derived organoid transplants. Cell Tissue Res 2021; 386:321-333. [PMID: 34319434 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-021-03510-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Human otic organoids generated from pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) provide a promising platform for modeling, drug testing, and cell-based therapies of inner ear diseases. However, providing the appropriate niche that resembles inner ear development and its vasculature to generate otic organoids is less conspicuous. Here, we devised a strategy to enhance maturation of otic progenitor cells toward human hair cell-like cells (HCLCs) by assembling three-dimensional (3D) otic organoids that contain human PSC-derived otic cells, endothelial cells, and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Heterotopic implantation of otic organoids, designated as grafted otic organoids (GOs), in ex ovo chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) stimulated maturation of the HCLCs. Functional analysis revealed the presence of voltage-gated potassium currents without detectable sodium currents in these cells in the GOs. Our results demonstrated that implantation of 3D heterotypic cell mixtures of otic organoids improved maturation of human HCLCs. This GO-derived HCLCs could be an attractive source for drug discovery and other biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farideh Moeinvaziri
- Department of Developmental Biology, School of Basic Sciences and Advanced Technologies in Biology, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Shojaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Newsha Haghparast
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Yakhkeshi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shadman Nemati
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Otorhinolaryngology Research Center, Amir Al Momenin Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Seyedeh-Nafiseh Hassani
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Baharvand
- Department of Developmental Biology, School of Basic Sciences and Advanced Technologies in Biology, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran. .,Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
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16
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Azadi M, Zare M, Pachenari N, Shojaei A, Semnanian S, Azizi H. Sex-specific transgenerational effects of adolescent morphine exposure on short-term memory and anxiety behavior: Male linage. Neurosci Lett 2021; 761:136111. [PMID: 34271134 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.136111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Current estimates indicate that opioid use and misuse are a rising epidemic, which presents a substantial socioeconomic burden around the world. Chronic opioid consumption, specifically during the critical period of adolescence, can lead to enduring effects not only in individuals but also in future generations. Utilizing rodent model, we have previously reported the impacts of paternal exposure to chronic morphine during adolescence on neurobehavioral features in progenies. Currently, the potential transgenerational effects of paternal morphine exposure during adolescence on anxiety-like behavior and short-term memory remains unknown. Male Wistar rats were exposed to increasing doses of morphine for ten days in adolescence (PND 30-39). Thereafter, following a 30-days drug-free period, the treated male rats mated with naïve females. The anxiety-like behavior and short-term memory performance were assessed in adult male and female offspring (PND 60) using open field and Y-maze tests. Both male and female progenies of morphine-treated sires revealed a significant reduction in the movement velocity compared to progenies of saline-treated sires as measured by open field test. Morphine-sired male but not female offspring also showed a non-significant large decreasing effect on time spent in the center and frequency of entries to the center of open field box. Moreover, a significant reduction in the number of entries and percent of time spent in the novel arm was observed in male and female morphine-sired offspring, as measured using Y-maze test. Growth outcomes also did not demonstrate any difference in the number of dam's fertility, pups birth, and death between morphine-sired and saline-sired groups in both sexes. Collectively, paternal exposure to morphine during adolescence induces sex-specific and selective disturbances in short-term memory while anxiety-like behavior was slightly disturbed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Azadi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Meysam Zare
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Narges Pachenari
- School of Cognitive Sciences, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Shojaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Semnanian
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Azizi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran; Institute for Brain Sciences and Cognition, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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17
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Rezaei M, Ahmadirad N, Ghasemi Z, Shojaei A, Raoufy MR, Barkley V, Fathollahi Y, Mirnajafi-Zadeh J. Alpha adrenergic receptors have role in the inhibitory effect of electrical low frequency stimulation on epileptiform activity in rats. Int J Neurosci 2021; 133:496-504. [PMID: 33998961 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2021.1929211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Aim: Low frequency stimulation (LFS) inhibits neuronal hyperexcitability following epileptic activity. However, knowledge about LFS' inhibitory mechanisms is lacking. Here, α1 and α2 adrenergic receptors' roles in mediating LFS inhibitory action on high-K+ induced epileptiform activity (EA) was examined in rat hippocampal slices.Materials and methods: LFS (1 Hz, 900 pulses) was applied to the Schaffer collaterals. Whole-cell, patch clamp recording was used to measure changes in CA1 pyramidal neurons' excitability. By applying high-K+ on hippocampal slices, EA was induced, and neuronal excitability increased.Results: When administered at the beginning of EA, LFS reduced neuronal excitability. In the presence of prazosin (10 µM, an α1 adrenergic receptor antagonist) and yohimbine (5 µM, an α2 adrenergic receptor antagonist), LFS' typically has a restorative impact on EA-induced membrane potential hyperpolarization and spike firing frequency, but this effect was reduced after high-K+ washout; These antagonists did not have a significant effect on LFS' inhibitory action on spike firing during EA.Conclusion: These findings suggest that LFS' anticonvulsant effect, on neuronal hyperexcitability following high-K+ EA, may be mediated partly through α adrenergic receptors in hippocampal slices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Rezaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nooshin Ahmadirad
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Ghasemi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Shojaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Raoufy
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Victoria Barkley
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Yaghoub Fathollahi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Mirnajafi-Zadeh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.,Institute for Brain Sciences and Cognition, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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18
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Roohi N, Ahmadi M, Fathollahi Y, Shojaei A, Mirnajafi-Zadeh J. Comparing the Seizure-Induced Impairment of Short-Term Plasticity in Dorsal and Ventral Hippocampus in Kindled Mice. Basic Clin Neurosci 2021. [DOI: 10.32598/bcn.2021.1854.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
There are many differences among dorsal and ventral hippocampal neural circuits that affect the synaptic plasticity. In this study we compared the occurrence of short-term plasticity in the field excitatory post synaptic potentials (fEPSP) in dorsal and ventral hippocampal CA1 area following kindled seizures. Animals (male C57 B6/J mice, 12 weeks of age) were kindled by intraperitoneal injections of pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) and fEPSPs were recorded from dorsal and ventral hippocampal slices. Short-term plasticity was evaluated by measuring fEPSP-slope and fEPSP-area following paired-pulse stimulation delivered at three inter-pulse intervals (20, 80 and 160 ms). Obtained results showed that in control slices fEPSP-slope was greater in ventral- compared to dorsal hippocampus, but there was no difference in fEPSP-area among two regions. In hippocampal slices of kindled animals, fEPSP-slope was similar in dorsal and ventral regions, but fEPSP-area was greater in ventral- compared to dorsal hippocampus. In addition, fEPSP-area was greater in kindled compared to control group only in ventral hippocampus. PTZ kindled slices showed impaired short-term facilitation and the paired-pulse index was reduced only at dorsal hippocampal slices. Kindling had no significant effect on paired-pulse ratio in ventral hippocampal slices. Our findings indicated that the seizure occurrence affected the neural activity of hippocampus in a regional dependent manner. Although kindling increased fEPSP-area in ventral hippocampus, kindling-induced changes in short-term synaptic plasticity was significant only in dorsal hippocampal slices compared to control group. The difference in the responses of hippocampal dorsal and ventral poles has to be considered in the future researches.
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19
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Shojaei A, Ghafourian H, Yadegarian L, Lari K, Sadatipour MT. Removal of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from waste air stream using ozone assisted zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles coated on zeolite. J Environ Health Sci Eng 2021; 19:771-780. [PMID: 34150272 PMCID: PMC8172696 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-021-00644-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The release of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from stationary and mobile sources increases the concentration of these pollutants in the environment. These compounds have the potential to cause adverse effects on human health and the environment. The adoption of management and engineering procedures to control the emission of these pollutants to the air has become essential. The aim of this study was to use an advanced oxidation process namely the catalytic ozonation to reduce the concentration of these pollutants in industrial output. In this experimental study, the catalytic ozonation process in the presence of ZnO nanoparticles coated on zeolite media was used in a laboratory scale to treat the air contaminated with BTEX compounds as indicators of VOCs. For this purpose, First the nanocomposites were synthesized based on chemical co-precipitation method. SEM, XRD, BET and FT-IR analyses were performed to investigate the characteristics of nanocomposites. The variables including initial concentrations of BTEX (50-200 ppm), polluted air flow rate (5-20 l/h), humidity (0-75%) and ozone dose (0.25-1 g/h) were investigated. The concentration of BTEX compounds was measured by the Gas Chromatography (GC) technique according to the NIOSH 1501 manual. The results of SEM, XRD, BET and FT-IR analyses showed the proper synthesis of nanocomposites. According to the laboratory results, the optimal conditions of the process were found to be as follows: the initial concentration of pollutants equal to 50 ppm, inlet air flow rate of 5 l/h, relative air humidity of 25-35%, and inlet ozone concentration equal to 1 g/h. Under these conditions, the removal efficiency of the compounds: benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene were obtained 98, 96, 92 and 91%, respectively. Simple ozonation and adsorption processes were less efficient than catalytic ozonation. This process had the ability to reduce the concentration of BTEX compounds to standard level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Shojaei
- Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Ghafourian
- Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Linda Yadegarian
- Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kamran Lari
- Department of Physical Oceanography, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taghi Sadatipour
- Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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20
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Ahmadirad N, Fathollahi Y, Janahmadi M, Ghasemi Z, Shojaei A, Rezaei M, Barkley V, Mirnajafi-Zadeh J. The role of α adrenergic receptors in mediating the inhibitory effect of electrical brain stimulation on epileptiform activity in rat hippocampal slices. Brain Res 2021; 1765:147492. [PMID: 33887250 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2021.147492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The Inhibitory effect of electrical low-frequency stimulation (LFS) on neuronal excitability and seizure occurrence has been indicated in experimental models, but the precise mechanism has not established. This investigation was intended to figure out the role of α1 and α2 adrenergic receptors in LFS' inhibitory effect on neuronal excitability. Epileptiform activity induced in an in vitro rat hippocampal slice preparation by high K+ ACSF and LFS (900 square wave pulses at 1 Hz) was administered at the beginning of epileptiform activity to the Schaffer collaterals. In CA1 pyramidal neurons, the electrophysiological properties were measured at the baseline, before high K+ ACSF washout, and at 15 min after high K+ ACSF washout using whole-cell, patch-clamp recording. Results indicated that after high K+ ACSF washout, prazosine (10 µM; α1 adrenergic receptor antagonist) and yohimbine (5 µM; α2 adrenergic receptor antagonist) suppressed the LFS' effect of reducing rheobase current and utilization time following depolarizing ramp current, the latency to the first spike following a depolarizing current and latency to the first rebound action potential following hyperpolarizing current pulses. Thus, it may be proposed that LFS' inhibitory action on the neuronal hyperexcitability, in some way, is mediated by α1 and α2 adrenergic receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nooshin Ahmadirad
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yaghoub Fathollahi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahyar Janahmadi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Ghasemi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran; Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Amir Shojaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Rezaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Victoria Barkley
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Javad Mirnajafi-Zadeh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran; Institute for Brain Sciences and Cognition, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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21
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Sadeghi L, Rizvanov AA, Dabirmanesh B, Salafutdinov II, Sayyah M, Shojaei A, Zahiri J, Mirnajafi-Zadeh J, Khorsand B, Khajeh K, Fathollahi Y. Proteomic profiling of the rat hippocampus from the kindling and pilocarpine models of epilepsy: potential targets in calcium regulatory network. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8252. [PMID: 33859251 PMCID: PMC8050094 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87555-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein proteomic profiling of the rat hippocampus from the kindling and pilocarpine models of epilepsy was performed to achieve new potential targets for treating epileptic seizures. A total of 144 differently expressed proteins in both left and right hippocampi by two-dimensional electrophoresis coupled to matrix-assisted laser desorption-mass spectrometry were identified across the rat models of epilepsy. Based on network analysis, the majority of differentially expressed proteins were associated with Ca2+ homeostasis. Changes in ADP-ribosyl cyclase (ADPRC), lysophosphatidic acid receptor 3 (LPAR3), calreticulin, ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1), synaptosomal nerve-associated protein 25 (SNAP 25) and transgelin 3 proteins were probed by Western blot analysis and validated using immunohistochemistry. Inhibition of calcium influx by 8-Bromo-cADP-Ribose (8-Br-cADPR) and 2-Aminoethyl diphenylborinate (2-APB) which act via the ADPRC and LPAR3, respectively, attenuated epileptic seizures. Considering a wide range of molecular events and effective role of calcium homeostasis in epilepsy, polypharmacy with multiple realistic targets should be further explored to reach the most effective treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Sadeghi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Bahareh Dabirmanesh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Sayyah
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Shojaei
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Zahiri
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biological Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Mirnajafi-Zadeh
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Babak Khorsand
- Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Khosro Khajeh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Yaghoub Fathollahi
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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22
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Faraz M, Kosarmadar N, Rezaei M, Zare M, Javan M, Barkley V, Shojaei A, Mirnajafi-Zadeh J. Deep brain stimulation effects on learning, memory and glutamate and GABA A receptor subunit gene expression in kindled rats. Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 2021; 81:43-57. [PMID: 33949168 DOI: 10.21307/ane-2021-006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Epileptic seizures are accompanied by learning and memory impairments. In this study, the effect of low frequency stimulation (LFS) on spatial learning and memory was assessed in kindled animals and followed for one month. Fully kindled rats received LFS at 4 times (immediately, 6 h, 24 h and 30 h following the final kindling stimulation). Applying LFS improved kindled animals' performance in the Barnes maze test. This LFS action was accompanied by a decrease in NR2B gene expression, an increase in the gene expression of the α subunit of calcineurin A and an increased NR2A/NR2B ratio in kindled animals. In addition, the gene expression of the GABAA receptor γ2 subunit increased at 2-3 h after applying LFS. The increase in NR2A/NR2B ratio was also observed 1 week after LFS. No significant changes were observed one month after LFS administration. Field potential recordings in the hippocampal CA1 area showed that kindling-induced potentiation of the field EPSP slope returned to near baseline when measured 2-3 h after applying LFS. Therefore, it may be postulated that applying LFS in kindled animals reduced the seizure-induced learning and memory impairments, albeit time-dependently. In tandem, LFS prevented kindling-induced alterations in gene expression of the described proteins, which are potentially important for synaptic transmission and/or potentiation. Moreover, a depotentiation-like phenomenon may be a possible mechanism underlying the LFS action. Epileptic seizures are accompanied by learning and memory impairments. In this study, the effect of low frequency stimulation (LFS) on spatial learning and memory was assessed in kindled animals and followed for one month. Fully kindled rats received LFS at 4 times (immediately, 6 h, 24 h and 30 h following the final kindling stimulation). Applying LFS improved kindled animals’ performance in the Barnes maze test. This LFS action was accompanied by a decrease in NR2B gene expression, an increase in the gene expression of the α subunit of calcineurin A and an increased NR2A/NR2B ratio in kindled animals. In addition, the gene expression of the GABAA receptor γ2 subunit increased at 2–3 h after applying LFS. The increase in NR2A/NR2B ratio was also observed 1 week after LFS. No significant changes were observed one month after LFS administration. Field potential recordings in the hippocampal CA1 area showed that kindling-induced potentiation of the field EPSP slope returned to near baseline when measured 2–3 h after applying LFS. Therefore, it may be postulated that applying LFS in kindled animals reduced the seizure-induced learning and memory impairments, albeit time-dependently. In tandem, LFS prevented kindling-induced alterations in gene expression of the described proteins, which are potentially important for synaptic transmission and/or potentiation. Moreover, a depotentiation-like phenomenon may be a possible mechanism underlying the LFS action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Faraz
- Department of Physiology , Faculty of Medical Sciences , Tarbiat Modares University , Tehran , Iran
| | - Nastaran Kosarmadar
- Department of Physiology , Faculty of Medical Sciences , Tarbiat Modares University , Tehran , Iran
| | - Mahmoud Rezaei
- Department of Physiology , Faculty of Medical Sciences , Tarbiat Modares University , Tehran , Iran
| | - Meysam Zare
- Department of Physiology , Faculty of Medical Sciences , Tarbiat Modares University , Tehran , Iran
| | - Mohammad Javan
- Department of Physiology , Faculty of Medical Sciences , Tarbiat Modares University , Tehran , Iran ; Institute for Brain Sciences and Cognition , Tarbiat Modares University , Tehran , Iran
| | - Victoria Barkley
- Krembil Research Institute , University Health Network , Toronto , Canada
| | - Amir Shojaei
- Department of Physiology , Faculty of Medical Sciences , Tarbiat Modares University , Tehran , Iran ; Institute for Brain Sciences and Cognition , Tarbiat Modares University , Tehran , Iran
| | - Javad Mirnajafi-Zadeh
- Department of Physiology , Faculty of Medical Sciences , Tarbiat Modares University , Tehran , Iran ; Institute for Brain Sciences and Cognition , Tarbiat Modares University , Tehran , Iran
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23
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Keramatzadeh K, Kiakojouri A, Nahvi MS, Khazaei Y, Feizi-Nejad A, Maghami MH, Mohammadi R, Sharifshazileh M, Nasiri S, Akbari Boroumand F, Nadimi E, Rezaei M, Shojaei A, Mirnajafi-Zadeh J, Sodagar AM. Wireless, miniaturized, semi-implantable electrocorticography microsystem validated in vivo. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21261. [PMID: 33277523 PMCID: PMC7718888 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77953-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper reports on the design, development, and test of a multi-channel wireless micro-electrocorticography (µECoG) system. The system consists of a semi-implantable, ultra-compact recording unit and an external unit, interfaced through a 2.4 GHz radio frequency data telemetry link with 2 Mbps (partially used) data transfer rate. Encased in a 3D-printed 2.9 cm × 2.9 cm × 2.5 cm cubic package, the semi-implantable recording unit consists of a microelectrode array, a vertically-stacked PCB platform containing off-the-shelf components, and commercially-available small-size 3.7-V, 50 mAh lithium-ion batteries. Two versions of microelectrode array were developed for the recording unit: a rigid 4 × 2 microelectrode array, and a flexible 12 × 6 microelectrode array, 36 of which routed to bonding pads for actual recording. The external unit comprises a transceiver board, a data acquisition board, and a host computer, on which reconstruction of the received signals is performed. After development, assembly, and integration, the system was tested and validated in vivo on anesthetized rats. The system successfully recorded both spontaneous and evoked activities from the brain of the subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keivan Keramatzadeh
- Research Labarotory for Integrated Circuits and Systems (ICAS), Faculty of EE, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Kiakojouri
- Research Labarotory for Integrated Circuits and Systems (ICAS), Faculty of EE, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sadegh Nahvi
- Research Labarotory for Integrated Circuits and Systems (ICAS), Faculty of EE, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yousef Khazaei
- Research Labarotory for Integrated Circuits and Systems (ICAS), Faculty of EE, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Feizi-Nejad
- Research Labarotory for Integrated Circuits and Systems (ICAS), Faculty of EE, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Maghami
- Research Labarotory for Integrated Circuits and Systems (ICAS), Faculty of EE, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.,Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Mohammadi
- Department of ECE, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | | | - Soraya Nasiri
- Research Labarotory for Integrated Circuits and Systems (ICAS), Faculty of EE, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ebrahim Nadimi
- Faculty of EE, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Rezaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Shojaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Mirnajafi-Zadeh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir M Sodagar
- Department of EECS, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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24
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Sadeghian A, Salari Z, Azizi H, Raoufy MR, Shojaei A, Kosarmadar N, Zare M, Rezaei M, Barkley V, Javan M, Fathollahi Y, Mirnajafi-Zadeh J. The role of dopamine D 2-like receptors in a "depotentiation-like effect" of deep brain stimulation in kindled rats. Brain Res 2020; 1738:146820. [PMID: 32251663 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2020.146820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The mechanisms involved in the anti-seizure effects of low-frequency stimulation (LFS) have not been completely determined. However, Gi-protein-coupled receptors, including D2-like receptors, may have a role in mediating these effects. In the present study, the role of D2-like receptors in LFS' anti-seizure action was investigated. Rats were kindled with semi-rapid (6 stimulations per day), electrical stimulation of the hippocampal CA1 area. In LFS-treated groups, subjects received four trials of LFS at 5 min, 6 h, 24 h, and 30 h following the last kindling stimulation. Each LFS set occurred at 5 min intervals, and consisted of 4 trains. Each train contained 200, 0/1 ms long, monophasic square wave pulses at 1 Hz. Haloperidol (D2-like receptors antagonist, 2 µm) and/or bromocriptine (D2-like receptors agonist 2 µg/µlit) were microinjected into the lateral ventricle immediately after the last kindling, before applying LFS. Obtained results showed that applying LFS in fully-kindled subjects led to a depotentiation-like decrease in kindling-induced potentiation and reduced the amplitude and rise slope of excitatory and inhibitory post-synaptic currents in whole-cell recordings from CA1 pyramidal neurons. In addition, LFS restored the kindling-induced, spatial learning and memory impairments in the Barnes maze test. A D2-like receptor antagonist inhibited these effects of LFS, while a D2-like receptor agonist mimicked these effects. In conclusion, a depotentiation-like mechanism may be involved in restoring LFS' effects on learning and memory, and synaptic plasticity. These effects depend on D2-like receptors activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Sadeghian
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Salari
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Azizi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Raoufy
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Shojaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nastaran Kosarmadar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Meysam Zare
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Rezaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Victoria Barkley
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Mohammad Javan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yaghoub Fathollahi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Mirnajafi-Zadeh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran; Institute for Brain Sciences and Cognition, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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25
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Yavarpour-Bali H, Ghasemi-Kasman M, Shojaei A. Direct reprogramming of terminally differentiated cells into neurons: A novel and promising strategy for Alzheimer's disease treatment. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2020; 98:109820. [PMID: 31743695 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2019.109820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Glial activation is a common pathological process of the central nervous system (CNS) in disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Several approaches have been used to reduce the number of activated astrocytes and microglia in damaged areas. In recent years, various kinds of fully differentiated cells have been successfully reprogrammed to a desired type of cell in lesion areas. Interestingly, internal glial cells, including astrocytes and NG2 positive cells, were efficiently converted to neuroblasts and neurons by overexpression of some transcription factors (TFs) or microRNAs (miRNAs). Notably, some specific subtypes of neurons have been achieved by in vivo reprogramming and the resulting neurons were successfully integrated into local neuronal circuits. Furthermore, somatic cells from AD patients have been converted to functional neurons. Although direct reprogramming of a patient's own internal cells has revolutionized regenerative medicine, but there are some major obstacles that should be examined before using these induced cells in clinical therapies. In the present review article, we aim to discuss the current studies on in vitro and in vivo reprogramming of somatic cells to neurons using TFs, miRNAs or small molecules in healthy and AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maryam Ghasemi-Kasman
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran; Neuroscience Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
| | - Amir Shojaei
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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26
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Gonzalez AL, Donnenfeld E, Baudouin C, Holland E, Nichols K, Karpecki P, Hamdani M, Shojaei A. LIFITEGRAST 5% FOR DRY EYE DISEASE: COMBINED EFFICACY AND SAFETY FROM FIVE RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS. Innov Aging 2019. [PMCID: PMC6846150 DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igz038.983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Five randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled trials were conducted in the US in adults with DED, an eye dryness score (EDS, visual analogue scale [VAS], 0–100) ≥40, and inferior corneal staining score ([ICSS], 0-4) ≥2.0 at study entry: four 84-day efficacy trials (phase 2, lifitegrast n=58, placebo, n=58; phase 3: OPUS-1, n=293, n=295; OPUS-2, n=358, n=360; OPUS-3, n=355, n=356) and a 1-year safety study (SONATA, lifitegrast n=220, placebo n=111). The pooled population had a mean age of 59.4 years, and 76% were females. Lifitegrast treatment, versus placebo, significantly improved EDS from baseline to day 84 in three of the four trials: OPUS-1 (treatment effect [TE] 4.7; P=0.0311), OPUS-2 (TE 12.3; P<0.0001), and OPUS-3 (TE 7.5; P=0.0003). Lifitegrast significantly improved ICSS in the phase 2 (TE 0.25; P=0.0498) and OPUS-1 (TE 0.23; P=0.0007) trials, and nominally in OPUS-3 (TE 0.17; nominal P=0.0135). The responder analyses from OPUS-2 and OPUS-3 assessed the proportion of subjects with an EDS reduction from baseline (≥10, ≥15, ≥20 points), and percentage change from baseline (≥30, ≥50, ≥70%), to days 14, 42 and 84. More subjects achieved ≥30% EDS reduction with lifitegrast versus placebo in Opus-2, and Opus 3 at days 14, 42, and 84 (all nominal P<0.0001). A similar trend was seen at other response thresholds. Pooled safety data (lifitegrast n=1287; placebo, n=1177) indicated Lifitegrast was well tolerated with no serious ocular adverse events. Lifitegrast significantly improved signs and symptoms of DED in adult subjects, with EDS improvements observed starting at day 14 after treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustin L Gonzalez
- Eye and Vision North Texas Center for Dry Eye and Ocular Surface Disease, Richardson, Texas, United States
| | - Eric Donnenfeld
- Ophthalmic Consultants of Long Island, Garden City, New York, United States
| | | | - Edward Holland
- Cincinnati Eye Institute-Northern, Edgewood, Kentucky, United States
| | - Kelly Nichols
- University of Alabama, Birmingham, School of Optometry, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - Paul Karpecki
- Kentucky Eye Institute, Lexington, Kentucky, United States
| | | | - Amir Shojaei
- Takeda, Vice President, Global Head - Ophthalmology, Lexington, Massachusetts, United States
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27
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Ghafouri S, Fathollahi Y, Semnanian S, Shojaei A, Asgari A, Ebrahim Amini A, Mirnajafi-Zadeh J. Deep brain stimulation restores the glutamatergic and GABAergic synaptic transmission and plasticity to normal levels in kindled rats. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0224834. [PMID: 31697763 PMCID: PMC6837391 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0224834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The precise effect of low frequency stimulation (LFS) as a newly postulated, anticonvulsant therapeutic approach on seizure-induced changes in synaptic transmission has not been completely determined. Hypothesis In this study, the LFS effect on impaired, synaptic plasticity in kindled rats was investigated. Methods Hippocampal kindled rats received LFS (4 trials consisting of one train of 200 monophasic square waves, 0.1 ms pulse duration, 1 Hz) on four occasions. LTP induction was evaluated using whole-cell recordings of evoked excitatory and inhibitory post-synaptic potentials (EPSPs and IPSPs respectively) in CA1 neurons in hippocampal slices. In addition, the hippocampal excitatory and inhibitory post-synaptic currents (EPSCs and IPSCs), and the gene expression of NR2A, GluR2 and γ2 were evaluated. Results LTP induction was attenuated in excitatory and inhibitory synapses in hippocampal slices of kindled rats. When LFS was applied in kindled animals, LTP was induced in EPSPs and IPSPs. Moreover, LFS increased and decreased the threshold intensities of EPSCs and IPSCs respectively. In kindled animals, NR2A gene expression increased, while γ2 gene expression decreased. GluR2 gene expression did not significantly change. Applying LFS in kindled animals mitigated these changes: No significant differences were observed in NR2A, γ2 and GluR2 gene expression in the kindled+LFS and control groups. Conclusion The application of LFS in kindled animals restored LTP induction in both EPSPs and IPSPs, and returned the threshold intensity for induction of EPSCs, IPSCs and gene expression to similar levels as controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samireh Ghafouri
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yaghoub Fathollahi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Semnanian
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Shojaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azam Asgari
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
- Département de Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Azin Ebrahim Amini
- Department of Biomaterial and Biomedical Engineering (IBBME), Faculty of applied sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Javad Mirnajafi-Zadeh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
- Institute for Brain Sciences and Cognition, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
- * E-mail:
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28
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Sadeghian A, Fathollahi Y, Javan M, Shojaei A, Kosarmadar N, Rezaei M, Mirnajafi-Zadeh J. Spatial Learning and Memory in Barnes Maze Test and Synaptic Potentiation in Schaffer Collateral-CA1 Synapses of Dorsal Hippocampus in Freely Moving Rats. Basic Clin Neurosci 2019; 10:461-468. [PMID: 32284835 PMCID: PMC7149949 DOI: 10.32598/bcn.9.10.330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Revised: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Synaptic plasticity has been suggested as the primary physiological mechanism underlying memory formation. Many experimental approaches have been used to investigate whether the mechanisms underlying Long-Term Potentiation (LTP) are activated during learning. Nevertheless, little evidence states that hippocampal-dependent learning triggers synaptic plasticity. In this study, we investigated if learning and memory in the Barnes maze test are accompanied by the occurrence of LTP in Schaffer collateral to CA1 synapses in freely moving rats. Methods The rats were implanted with a recording electrode in stratum radiatum and stimulating electrodes in Schaffer collaterals of the CA1 region in the dorsal hippocampus of the right hemisphere. Following the recovery period of at least 10 days, field potentials were recorded in freely moving animals before and after training them in Barnes maze as a hippocampal-dependent spatial learning and memory test. The slope of extracellular field Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials (fEPSPs) was measured before and after the Barnes maze test. Results The results showed that the fEPSP slope did not change after learning and memory in the Barnes maze test, and this spatial learning did not result in a change in synaptic potentiation in the CA1 region of the hippocampus. Conclusion Spatial learning and memory in the Barnes maze test are not accompanied by LTP induction in Schaffer collateral-CA1 synapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Sadeghian
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yaghoub Fathollahi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Shojaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nastaran Kosarmadar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Rezaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Mirnajafi-Zadeh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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29
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Zarei-Kheirabadi M, Hesaraki M, Shojaei A, Kiani S, Baharvand H. Generation of neural stem cells from adult astrocytes by using a single reprogramming factor. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:18697-18706. [PMID: 30912162 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Generating neural stem cells (NSCs) from astroglia as an abundant cell type in the mammalian brain has a promising outlook to be used in cell-replacement therapy for treatment of neurodegenerative disorders and neuronal trauma. However, little is known about a single reprogramming factor that may lead to the generation of induced NSCs (iNSCs) from adult brain-derived astrocytes in the absence of extrinsic inductive signals. Here, we show that zinc-finger nuclear protein Zfp521 alone is sufficient for converting the adult mouse brain-derived astrocytes into iNSCs. In vitro, Zfp521-iNSCs demonstrated long-term self-renewal and multipotency and expressed related markers. Moreover, single-seeded iNSCs were able to produce NSC colonies. These results suggest that application of Zfp521 to generate iNSCs could be regarded as a new approach for conversion of resident astrocytes into iNSCs in cell therapy for in vivo treatment of neural injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Zarei-Kheirabadi
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Hesaraki
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Shojaei
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sahar Kiani
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Baharvand
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran
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Ahmadirad N, Fathollahi Y, Janahmadi M, Shojaei A, Ghasemi Z, Barkley V, Mirnajafi-Zadeh J. Low-Frequency Electrical Stimulation Reduces the Impairment in Synaptic Plasticity Following Epileptiform Activity in Rat Hippocampal Slices through α 1, But Not α 2, Adrenergic Receptors. Neuroscience 2019; 406:176-185. [PMID: 30872164 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Low frequency stimulation (LFS) has anticonvulsant effect and may restore the ability of long-term potentiation (LTP) to the epileptic brain. The mechanisms of LFS have not been completely determined. Here, we showed that LTP induction was impaired following in vitro epileptiform activity (EA) in hippocampal slices, but application of LFS prevented this impairment. Then, we investigated the involvement of α-adrenergic receptors in this effect of LFS. EA was induced by increasing the extracellular K+ concentration to 12 mM and EPSPs were recorded from CA1 neurons in whole cell configuration. EA increased EPSP amplitude from 6.9 ± 0.7 mV to 9.6 ± 0.6 mV. For LTP induction, the Schaffer collaterals were stimulated by high frequency stimulation (HFS; two trains of 100 pulses, 100 Hz at the interval of 20 s). The application of HFS resulted in 40.9 ± 2.3% increase in the amplitude of EPSPs. However, following EA, HFS could not produce any significant changes in EPSP amplitude. Administration of LFS (1 Hz, 900 pulses) to Schaffer collaterals at the beginning of EA restored LTP induction to the hippocampal slices and HFS increased the EPSPs amplitude up to 41.7 ± 3.1% of baseline. When slices were perfused by prazosin (α1-adrenergic receptor antagonist; 10 μM) before and during LFS application, LFS improvement on LTP induction was reduced significantly. Perfusion of slices by yohimbine (α2-adrenergic receptor antagonist; 5 μM) had no effect on LFS action. Therefore, it may be concluded that following epileptiform activity, LFS can improve the impairment of LTP generation through α1, but not α2, adrenergic receptor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nooshin Ahmadirad
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yaghoub Fathollahi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran; Institute for Brain Sciences and Cognition, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahyar Janahmadi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Shojaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Ghasemi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Victoria Barkley
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Javad Mirnajafi-Zadeh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran; Institute for Brain Sciences and Cognition, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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Ghasemi Z, Naderi N, Shojaei A, Raoufy MR, Ahmadirad N, Barkley V, Mirnajafi-Zadeh J. The inhibitory effect of different patterns of low frequency stimulation on neuronal firing following epileptiform activity in rat hippocampal slices. Brain Res 2019; 1706:184-195. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2018.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Revised: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Nichols KK, Donnenfeld ED, Karpecki PM, Hovanesian JA, Raychaudhuri A, Shojaei A, Zhang S. Safety and tolerability of lifitegrast ophthalmic solution 5.0%: Pooled analysis of five randomized controlled trials in dry eye disease. Eur J Ophthalmol 2018; 29:394-401. [PMID: 30112930 PMCID: PMC6625033 DOI: 10.1177/1120672118791936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Characterize the safety and tolerability of lifitegrast ophthalmic solution
5.0% for the treatment of dry eye disease. Methods: Pooled data from five randomized controlled trials were analyzed. Key
inclusion criteria were adults with dry eye disease (Schirmer tear test
score ⩾1 and ⩽10 mm, eye dryness score ⩾40 (visual analog scale 0–100),
corneal staining score ⩾2.0 (0–4 scale)). Participants were randomized to
lifitegrast ophthalmic solution 5.0% or placebo twice daily for 84 or
360 days. Treatment-emergent adverse events and drop comfort scores were
assessed. Results: Overall, 2464 participants (lifitegrast, n = 1287; placebo, n = 1177) were
included. Ocular treatment-emergent adverse events occurring in >5% in
either group were instillation site irritation (lifitegrast, 15.2%; placebo,
2.8%), instillation site reaction (lifitegrast, 12.3%; placebo, 2.3%), and
instillation site pain (lifitegrast, 9.8%; placebo, 2.1%); the most common
(> 5%) nonocular treatment-emergent adverse event was dysgeusia
(lifitegrast, 14.5%; placebo, 0.3%). The majority of treatment-emergent
adverse events were mild to moderate in severity. Discontinuation due to
treatment-emergent adverse events occurred in 7.0% (lifitegrast) versus 2.6%
(placebo) of participants (ocular: 5.5% vs 1.5%; nonocular: 1.9% vs 1.1%).
Drop comfort scores with lifitegrast improved within 3 min of instillation
and the score at 3 min improved across visits (12-week trials (both eyes,
day 84 vs 0): 2.0 vs 3.3; SONATA (day 360 vs 0): right eye, 1.2 vs 1.7; left
eye, 1.2 vs 1.8). Conclusion: Lifitegrast ophthalmic solution 5.0% appeared to be safe and well tolerated
for the treatment of dry eye disease. Drop comfort with lifitegrast improved
within 3 min of instillation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly K Nichols
- 1 School of Optometry, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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Ghasemi Z, Naderi N, Shojaei A, Ahmadirad N, Raoufy MR, Mirnajafi-Zadeh J. Low Frequency Electrical Stimulation Attenuated The Epileptiform Activity-Induced Changes in Action Potential Features in Hippocampal CA1 Pyramidal Neurons. Cell J 2018; 20:355-360. [PMID: 29845789 PMCID: PMC6004994 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2018.5443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Objective Electrical low frequency stimulation (LFS) is a new therapeutic method that moderates hyperexcitability during epileptic states. Seizure occurrence is accompanied by some changes in action potential (AP) features. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory action of LFS on epileptiform activity (EA) induced-changes in AP features in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons. Materials and Methods In this experimental study, we induced EA in hippocampal slices by increasing the extracellular potassium (K+) concentration to 12 mM. LFS (1 Hz) was applied to the Schaffer collaterals at different pulse numbers (600 and 900) at the beginning of the EA. Changes in AP features recorded by whole-cell patch clamp recording were compared using phase plot analysis. Results Induction of EA depolarized membrane potential, decreased peak amplitude, as well as the maximum rise and decay slopes of APs. Administration of 1 Hz LFS at the beginning of EA prevented the above mentioned changes in AP features. This suppressive effect of LFS depended on the LFS pulse number, such that application of 900 pulses of LFS had a stronger recovery effect on AP features that changed during EA compared to 600 pulses of LFS. The constructed phase plots of APs revealed that LFS at 900 pulses significantly decreased the changes in resting membrane potential (RMP), peak amplitude, and maximum rise and decay slopes that appeared during EA. Conclusion Increasing the numbers of LFS pulses can magnify its inhibitory effects on EA-induced changes in AP features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Ghasemi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Naderi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Shojaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nooshin Ahmadirad
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Raoufy
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Mirnajafi-Zadeh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. Electronic Address:
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Mardani P, Oryan S, Sarihi A, Komaki A, Shojaei A, Dehghan S, Mirnajafi-Zadeh J. ERK activation is required for the antiepileptogenic effect of low frequency electrical stimulation in kindled rats. Brain Res Bull 2018; 140:132-139. [PMID: 29705048 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Revised: 04/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The signaling pathways involved in the antiepileptogenic effect of low frequency electrical stimulation (LFS) have not been fully understood. In the present study the role of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling cascade was investigated in mediating the inhibitory effects of LFS on kindled seizures. METHODS Animals received kindling stimulations for seven days (the mean number of stimulation days for achieving stage 5 seizure) according to semi-rapid perforant path kindling protocol (12 stimulations per day at 10 min intervals). LFS (0.1 ms pulse duration at 1 Hz, 800 pulses) was applied at 5 min after the last kindling stimulation every day. During the kindling procedure, FR180204 (inhibitor of ERK) was daily microinjected (1 μg/μl; intracerebroventricular) immediately after the last kindling stimulation and before LFS application. The expression of activated ERK (p-ERK) in the dentate gyrus was also investigated using immunohistochemistry technique. RESULTS Application of LFS at 5 min after the last kindling stimulation had inhibitory effect on kindling rate. FR180204 had no significant effect on seizure parameters when administered at the dose of 1 μg/μl in kindled group of animals. However, microinjection of FR180204 before LFS application reduced the inhibitory effect of LFS on seizure severity and field potential parameters (i.e. the slope of population field excitatory postsynaptic potentials and population spike amplitude) during kindling. FR180204 also blocked the preventing effects of LFS on kindling-induced increase in early (at 10-40 ms intervals) and late (at 300-1000 ms intervals) paired pulse depression. In addition, application of LFS following kindling stimulations increased the expression of p-ERK in the dentate gyrus. CONCLUSION Obtained results showed ERK signaling pathway had important role in mediating the antiepileptogenic effect of LFS in perforant path kindling. These findings represent a promising opportunity to gain insight about LFS mechanism in epilepsy therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parastoo Mardani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Shahrbanoo Oryan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdolrahman Sarihi
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Alireza Komaki
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Amir Shojaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samaneh Dehghan
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Mirnajafi-Zadeh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Nichols KK, Holland E, Toyos MM, Peace JH, Majmudar P, Raychaudhuri A, Hamdani M, Roy M, Shojaei A. Ocular comfort assessment of lifitegrast ophthalmic solution 5.0% in OPUS-3, a Phase III randomized controlled trial. Clin Ophthalmol 2018; 12:263-270. [PMID: 29440868 PMCID: PMC5798562 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s152841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate ocular comfort of lifitegrast ophthalmic solution 5.0% among patients with dry eye disease (DED) in the OPUS-3 trial. Methods OPUS-3 was a multicenter, randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled study. Adults with DED and recent artificial tear use were randomized 1:1 (lifitegrast:placebo) to ophthalmic drops twice daily for 84 days. On days 0 (baseline), 14, 42, and 84, drop comfort score (scale, 0–10; 0 = very comfortable, 10 = very uncomfortable) was measured at 0, 1, 2, and 3 minutes postinstillation. If the score was >3 at 3 minutes, assessment was repeated at 5, 10, and 15 minutes until score ≤3. Ocular treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were assessed. Results Overall, 711 participants were randomized (n=357 received lifitegrast; n=354 received placebo). Drop comfort scores for lifitegrast-treated participants improved within 3 minutes of instillation (mean scores on day 84 for both study and fellow eyes: instillation: lifitegrast, 3.4, placebo, 1.0; 3 minutes: lifitegrast, 1.5, placebo, 0.7). The majority (64%–66%) of participants had scores <3 within 3 minutes postinstillation on days 14, 42, and 84. In participants with scores >3 at 3 minutes, the mean score in the lifitegrast group was similar to or better than that in the placebo group at 5, 10, or 15 minutes postinstillation. Lifitegrast appeared to be well tolerated, with ocular TEAEs rarely leading to discontinuation. Conclusion In OPUS-3, lifitegrast appeared to be well tolerated and drop comfort scores approached placebo levels by 3 minutes postinstillation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly K Nichols
- School of Optometry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
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Ghasemi Z, Naderi N, Shojaei A, Raoufy MR, Ahmadirad N, Mirnajafi-Zadeh J. Effect of Low-Frequency Electrical Stimulation on the High-K+-Induced Neuronal Hyperexcitability in Rat Hippocampal Slices. Neuroscience 2018; 369:87-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 11/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Asemi Rad A, Hasan Heidari M, Aliaghaei A, Eskandarian Broujeni M, Shojaei A, Abbaszadeh HA, Shaerzadeh F, Sadeghi Y. In vitro Differentiation of Adipose Derived Stem Cells into Functional Dopaminergic Neurons. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.13005/bpj/1146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Daneshdoust D, Khalili-Fomeshi M, Ghasemi-Kasman M, Ghorbanian D, Hashemian M, Gholami M, Moghadamnia A, Shojaei A. Pregabalin enhances myelin repair and attenuates glial activation in lysolecithin-induced demyelination model of rat optic chiasm. Neuroscience 2017; 344:148-156. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.12.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Shojaei A, Anaraki AK, Mirnajafi-Zadeh J, Atapour N. Modifications of inhibitory transmission onto pyramidal neurons by postnatal exposure to MK-801: Effects of enriched environment. Int J Dev Neurosci 2017; 57:56-61. [PMID: 28099880 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2017.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Early enriched environment (EE) prevents several deficits associated with postnatal MK-801 [N-Methyl-d-Aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist] treatment such as cognitive and locomotor deficits. We sought physiological correlates to such changes by looking at inhibitory synaptic inputs onto pyramidal cells in a prefrontal cortex slice preparation. Pharmacologically isolated γ-amino-butyric acid A (GABAA) receptor-mediated currents were measured using whole-cell patch clamp recordings. Wistar rats were raised in standard or EE from birth up to the time of experiments and were injected with saline or MK-801 (1mg/kg) on postnatal days (P) 6-10. We recorded miniature inhibitory post-synaptic currents (mIPSCs) of pyramidal cells in layer II/III of prefrontal cortex and measured their frequency, amplitude and kinetics. In control animals, the amplitude and frequency of mIPSCs increased strikingly during development from P21 to P28. MK-801 accelerated the development of mIPSCs frequency but caused a significant decrease in the amplitude of mIPSCs on P28 suggesting a significant reduction of inhibition onto pyramidal cells. EE per se led to a significant increase in both frequency and amplitude of mIPSCs, but its application to MK-801-treated rats resulted in moderate rescue of GABAergic transmission on P28. We conclude that postnatal MK-801 leads to reduced inhibitory transmission onto pyramidal cells of prefrontal cortex at adolescence which may underlie behavioural and morphological differences detected in vivo in rats. EE presentation from birth rather prevents GABAergic alterations associated with postnatal MK-801 treatment at adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Shojaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afsaneh Kamali Anaraki
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Mirnajafi-Zadeh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nafiseh Atapour
- Neuroscience Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Neuroscience Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Physiology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia.
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Ghafouri S, Fathollahi Y, Semnanian S, Shojaei A, Mirnajafi-Zadeh J. Effects of Low Frequency Stimulation on Spontaneous Inhibitory and Excitatory Post-Synaptic Currents in Hippocampal CA1 Pyramidal Cells of Kindled Rats. Cell J 2017; 18:547-555. [PMID: 28042539 PMCID: PMC5086333 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2016.4721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Low-frequency stimulation (LFS) exerts suppressive effects in kindled animals. It is believed that overstimulated glutamatergic and decreased GABAergic transmission have long been associated with seizure activity. In this study, we investigated the effect of electrical LFS on different parameters of spontaneous excitatory and inhibitory post-synaptic currents (sEPSCs and sIPSCs) in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells in kindled animals. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this experimental study, rats were kindled by electrical stimulation of the hippocampal CA1 area in a semi-rapid manner (12 stimulations/day). The animals were considered fully kindled when they showed stage 5 seizures on three consecutive days. One group of animals received LFS 4 times at 30 seconds, 6 hours, 18 and 24 hours following the last kindling stimulation. Each LFS consisted of 4 packages at 5 minutes intervals. Each package of LFS consisted of 200 pulses at 1 Hz and each monophasic square wave pulse duration was 0.1 millisecond. At 2-3 hours post-LFS, acute hippocampal slices were prepared and a whole cell patch clamp recording was performed in all animals to measure the different parameters of sEPSCs and sIPSCs. RESULTS In kindled animals, the inter-event interval (as an index of occurrence) of sEPSCs decreased, whereas sIPSC increased. In addition, the decay time constant of sIPSCs as an index of the duration of its activity decreased compared to the control group. There was no significant difference in other parameters between the kindled and control groups. Application of LFS in kindled animals prevented the observed changes. There was no significant difference between the measured parameters in kindled+LFS and control groups. CONCLUSION LFS application may prevent seizure-induced increase in the occurrence of sEPSCs and seizure-induced decrease in occurrence and activity duration of sIPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samireh Ghafouri
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yaghoub Fathollahi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Semnanian
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Shojaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Mirnajafi-Zadeh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Azedi F, Kazemnejad S, Zarnani AH, Soleimani M, Shojaei A, Arasteh S. Comparative capability of menstrual blood versus bone marrow derived stem cells in neural differentiation. Mol Biol Rep 2016; 44:169-182. [PMID: 27981446 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-016-4095-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In order to characterize the potency of menstrual blood stem cells (MenSCs) for future cell therapy of neurological disorders instead of bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) as a well-known and conventional source of adult stem cells, we examined the in vitro differentiation potential of these stem cells into neural-like cells. The differentiation potential of MenSCs to neural cells in comparison with BMSCs was assessed under two step neural differentiation including conversion to neurosphere-like cells and final differentiation. The expression levels of Nestin, Microtubule-associated protein 2, gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 1 and 2, and Tubulin, beta 3 class III mRNA and/or protein were up-regulated during development of MenSCs into neurosphere-like cells (NSCs) and neural-like cells. The up-regulation level of these markers in differentiated neural-like cells from MenSCs was comparable with differentiated cells from BMSCs. Moreover, both differentiated MenSCs and BMSCs expressed high levels of potassium, calcium and sodium channel genes developing functional channels with electrophysiological recording. For the first time, we demonstrated that MenSCs are a unique cell population with differentiation ability into neural-like cells comparable to BMSCs. In addition, we have introduced an approach to generate NSCs from MenSCs and BMSCs and their further differentiation into neural-like cells in vitro. Our results hold a promise to future stem cell therapy of neurological disorders using NSCs derived from menstrual blood, an accessible source in every woman.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fereshteh Azedi
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Centre, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, P.O. Box: 1177-19615, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of advanced technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somaieh Kazemnejad
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Centre, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, P.O. Box: 1177-19615, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Amir Hassan Zarnani
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Soleimani
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Shojaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shaghayegh Arasteh
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Centre, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, P.O. Box: 1177-19615, Tehran, Iran
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Abstract
Dry eye disease (DED) is a common ocular disorder associated with inflammation of the lacrimal gland and ocular surface. The interaction of the integrin lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) with its cognate ligand intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) is known to have important roles in the interaction of a variety of cells involved in immune responses and inflammation, including those prominent in ocular surface inflammation. Lifitegrast, an LFA-1 antagonist that blocks binding of ICAM-1 to LFA-1, has recently been approved in the United States for the treatment of signs and symptoms of DED. In this review, we evaluate research findings to explore the potential role of LFA-1/ICAM-1 interaction in the pathophysiology of DED, and the evidence supporting LFA-1/ICAM-1 interaction as a rational therapeutic target in DED. The results of our review suggest that LFA-1/ICAM-1 interaction may play important roles in the cell-mediated immune response and inflammation associated with DED, including facilitating the homing of dendritic cells to the lymph nodes, interaction of dendritic cells with T cells and subsequent T cell activation/differentiation, migration of activated CD4+ T cells from the lymph nodes to the ocular surface, reactivation of T cells by resident antigen-presenting cells at the ocular surface, and recruitment and retention of LFA-1-expressing T cells in the conjunctival epithelium. Based on the available evidence, inhibition of LFA-1/ICAM-1 interaction represents a rational targeted approach in treating DED. Notably, inhibition of LFA-1/ICAM-1 binding with lifitegrast offers a novel approach to reducing ocular surface inflammation in this condition.
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Ghafouri S, Fathollahi Y, Javan M, Shojaei A, Asgari A, Mirnajafi-Zadeh J. Effect of low frequency stimulation on impaired spontaneous alternation behavior of kindled rats in Y-maze test. Epilepsy Res 2016; 126:37-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2016.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 05/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/25/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Holland EJ, Whitley WO, Sall K, Lane SS, Raychaudhuri A, Zhang SY, Shojaei A. Lifitegrast clinical efficacy for treatment of signs and symptoms of dry eye disease across three randomized controlled trials. Curr Med Res Opin 2016; 32:1759-1765. [PMID: 27388660 DOI: 10.1080/03007995.2016.1210107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Report efficacy findings from three clinical trials (one phase 2 and two phase 3 [OPUS-1, OPUS-2]) of lifitegrast ophthalmic solution 5.0% for treatment of dry eye disease (DED). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Three 84-day, randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled trials. Adults (≥18 years) with DED were randomized (1:1) to lifitegrast 5.0% or matching placebo. Changes from baseline to day 84 in signs and symptoms of DED were analyzed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Phase 2, pre-specified endpoint: inferior corneal staining score (ICSS; 0-4); OPUS-1, coprimary endpoints: ICSS and visual-related function subscale (0-4 scale); OPUS-2, coprimary endpoints: ICSS and eye dryness score (EDS, VAS; 0-100). RESULTS Fifty-eight participants were randomized to lifitegrast 5.0% and 58 to placebo in the phase 2 trial; 293 to lifitegrast and 295 to placebo in OPUS-1; 358 to lifitegrast and 360 to placebo in OPUS-2. In participants with mild-to-moderate baseline DED symptomatology, lifitegrast improved ICSS versus placebo in the phase 2 study (treatment effect, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.05-0.65; p = 0.0209) and OPUS-1 (effect, 0.24; 95% CI, 0.10-0.38; p = 0.0007). Among more symptomatic participants (baseline EDS ≥40, recent artificial tear use), lifitegrast improved EDS versus placebo in a post hoc analysis of OPUS-1 (effect, 13.34; 95% CI, 2.35-24.33; nominal p = 0.0178) and in OPUS-2 (effect, 12.61; 95% CI, 8.51-16.70; p < 0.0001). LIMITATIONS Trials were conducted over 12 weeks; efficacy beyond this period was not assessed. CONCLUSIONS Across three trials, lifitegrast improved ICSS in participants with mild-to-moderate baseline symptomatology in two studies, and EDS in participants with moderate-to-severe baseline symptomatology in two studies. Based on the overall findings from these trials, lifitegrast shows promise as a new treatment option for signs and symptoms of DED.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kenneth Sall
- c Sall Research Medical Center , Artesia , CA , USA
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Zaimy MA, Jebali A, Bazrafshan B, Mehrtashfar S, Shabani S, Tavakoli A, Hekmatimoghaddam SH, Sarli A, Azizi H, Izadi P, Kazemi B, Shojaei A, Abdalaian A, Tavakkoly-Bazzaz J. Coinhibition of overexpressed genes in acute myeloid leukemia subtype M2 by gold nanoparticles functionalized with five antisense oligonucleotides and one anti-CD33(+)/CD34(+) aptamer. Cancer Gene Ther 2016; 23:315-20. [PMID: 27514505 DOI: 10.1038/cgt.2016.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Revised: 06/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate an engineered nanostructure to silence five important oncogenes, including BAG1, MDM2, Bcl-2, BIRC5 (survivin) and XIAP, in acute myeloid leukemia subtype 2 (AML-M2). The smart nanostructures were functionalized gold nanoparticles (FGNs) containing five antisense oligonucleotides (AOs) and one anti-CD33(+)/CD34(+) aptamer. First, the best AO for each gene was selected with the OligoWalk online software, and then different arrangements of AOs were evaluated with the RNAstructure software. Thereafter, naked gold nanoparticles (NGNs) were synthesized by the reaction of 1000 mm HAuCl4 with 10 μg ml(-1) ascorbic acid. Next, five AOs and one anti-CD33(+)/CD34(+) aptamer were attached to NGNs through serial reactions. Later, 5 ml of heparinized blood samples from five AML-M2 patients were prepared, cancerous cells were isolated and then incubated with three concentrations (75, 150 and 300 μg ml(-1)) each of FGNs, NGNs, gold nanoparticles functionalized with scrambled oligonucleotides (GNFSONs) and doxorubicin. Finally, cell death percentage and gene expressions were measured by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay and real-time PCR, respectively. This study showed that FGNs and doxorubicin led to more cell death compared with NGNs and GNFSONs (P<0.05). Interestingly, all concentrations of FGNs led to a decrease in gene expression. As an important finding, although all concentrations of doxorubicin could also inhibit the expression of genes, FGNs had more effect (P<0.05). Moreover, both NGNs and GNFSONs could silence all genes only at a concentration of 300 μg ml(-1). For BCL2 and XIAP, a dose-dependent pattern was observed, but there was no similar pattern for others.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Zaimy
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Jebali
- Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies Department, School of Paramedicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - B Bazrafshan
- Medical Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - S Mehrtashfar
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - S Shabani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Zabol University, Zabol, Iran
| | - A Tavakoli
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran
| | - S H Hekmatimoghaddam
- Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies Department, School of Paramedicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - A Sarli
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - H Azizi
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - P Izadi
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - B Kazemi
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Shojaei
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Abdalaian
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - J Tavakkoly-Bazzaz
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Perez VL, Pflugfelder SC, Zhang S, Shojaei A, Haque R. Lifitegrast, a Novel Integrin Antagonist for Treatment of Dry Eye Disease. Ocul Surf 2016; 14:207-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2016.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Revised: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Moradi Chameh H, Janahmadi M, Semnanian S, Shojaei A, Mirnajafi-Zadeh J. Effect of low frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on kindling-induced changes in electrophysiological properties of rat CA1 pyramidal neurons. Brain Res 2015; 1606:34-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2015.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Revised: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Shojaei A, Semnanian S, Janahmadi M, Moradi-Chameh H, Firoozabadi S, Mirnajafi-Zadeh J. Repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation prevents kindling-induced changes in electrophysiological properties of rat hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons. Neuroscience 2014; 280:181-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Revised: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Shojaei A, Li G. Thermomechanical constitutive modelling of shape memory polymer including continuum functional and mechanical damage effects. Proc Math Phys Eng Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1098/rspa.2014.0199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A multi-mechanism-based phenomenological model is developed within the finite deformation kinematics framework for capturing the thermomechanical behaviour of shape memory polymers (SMPs) both during programming and in service. Particularly, the damage mechanisms in SMPs are studied within the continuum damage mechanics (CDMs) framework in which they are classified into
mechanical
or
physical
damage, induced during service condition, e.g. fatigue and
functional
damage induced during thermomechanical cycles, e.g. shape recovery loss. Statistical mechanics is incorporated to describe the initiation and saturation of these deformation mechanisms. The main advantage of the presented viscoplastic model, comparing to the existing counterparts, is its simplicity by minimizing the need for curve fitting, and capability in simulating the nonlinear stress–strain behaviour of amorphous, crystalline or semicrystalline SMPs. The developed viscoplastic CDM model takes into account several distinctive deformation mechanisms involved in the thermomechanical cycle of SMPs, including glass transition loss events, temperature-dependent material properties, stress relaxation, shape recovery transient events and damage effects. The established model correlates well with the experimental results and its computational capabilities provide material designers with a powerful design tool for future SMP applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Shojaei
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Guoqiang Li
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA
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