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Nazar NSBM, Ramanathan A, Ghani WMN, Rokhani FB, Jacob PS, Sabri NEB, Hassan MS, Kadir K, Dharmarajan L. Salivary metabolomics in oral potentially malignant disorders and oral cancer patients-a systematic review with meta-analysis. Clin Oral Investig 2024; 28:98. [PMID: 38225483 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05481-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to assess the diagnostic potential of salivary metabolomics in the detection of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) and oral cancer (OC). MATERIALS AND METHODS A systematic review was performed in accordance with the 3rd edition of the Centre for Reviews and Dissemination (CRD) and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement. Electronic searches for articles were carried out in the PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases. The quality assessment of the included studies was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale (NOS) and the new version of the QUADOMICS tool. Meta-analysis was conducted whenever possible. The effect size was presented using the Forest plot, whereas the presence of publication bias was examined through Begg's funnel plot. RESULTS A total of nine studies were included in the systematic review. The metabolite profiling was heterogeneous across all the studies. The expression of several salivary metabolites was found to be significantly altered in OPMDs and OCs as compared to healthy controls. Meta-analysis was able to be conducted only for N-acetylglucosamine. There was no significant difference (SMD = 0.15; 95% CI - 0.25-0.56) in the level of N-acetylglucosamine between OPMDs, OC, and the control group. CONCLUSION Evidence for N-acetylglucosamine as a salivary biomarker for oral cancer is lacking. Although several salivary metabolites show changes between healthy, OPMDs, and OC, their diagnostic potential cannot be assessed in this review due to a lack of data. Therefore, further high-quality studies with detailed analysis and reporting are required to establish the diagnostic potential of the salivary metabolites in OPMDs and OC. CLINICAL RELEVANCE While some salivary metabolites exhibit significant changes in oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) and oral cancer (OC) compared to healthy controls, the current evidence, especially for N-acetylglucosamine, is inadequate to confirm their reliability as diagnostic biomarkers. Additional high-quality studies are needed for a more conclusive assessment of salivary metabolites in oral disease diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Syahirah Binti Mohd Nazar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Anand Ramanathan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
- Oral Cancer Research & Coordinating Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Wan Maria Nabillah Ghani
- Oral Cancer Research & Coordinating Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Faezah Binti Rokhani
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Pulikkotil Shaju Jacob
- Division of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Elma Binti Sabri
- Department of Agrotechnology and Bioscience, Malaysian Nuclear Agency, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Sukri Hassan
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kathreena Kadir
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Oral Cancer Research & Coordinating Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Hii EPW, Ramanathan A, Pandarathodiyil AK, Wong GR, Sekhar EVS, Binti Talib R, Zaini ZM, Zain RB. Homeobox Genes in Odontogenic Lesions: A Scoping Review. Head Neck Pathol 2023; 17:218-232. [PMID: 36344906 PMCID: PMC10063701 DOI: 10.1007/s12105-022-01481-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Homeobox genes play crucial roles in tooth morphogenesis and development and thus mutations in homeobox genes cause developmental disorders such as odontogenic lesions. The aim of this scoping review is to identify and compile available data from the literatures on the topic of homeobox gene expression in odontogenic lesions. METHOD An electronic search to collate all the information on studies on homeobox gene expression in odontogenic lesions was carried out in four databases (PubMed, EBSCO host, Web of Science and Cochrane Library) with selected keywords. All papers which reported expression of homeobox genes in odontogenic lesions were considered. RESULTS A total of eleven (11) papers describing expression of homeobox genes in odontogenic lesions were identified. Methods of studies included next generation sequencing, microarray analysis, RT-PCR, Western blotting, in situ hybridization, and immunohistochemistry. The homeobox reported in odontogenic lesions includes LHX8 and DLX3 in odontoma; PITX2, MSX1, MSX2, DLX, DLX2, DLX3, DLX4, DLX5, DLX6, ISL1, OCT4 and HOX C in ameloblastoma; OCT4 in adenomatoid odontogenic tumour; PITX2 and MSX2 in primordial odontogenic tumour; PAX9 and BARX1 in odontogenic keratocyst; PITX2, ZEB1 and MEIS2 in ameloblastic carcinoma while there is absence of DLX2, DLX3 and MSX2 in clear cell odontogenic carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS This paper summarized and reviews the possible link between homeobox gene expression in odontogenic lesions. Based on the current available data, there are insufficient evidence to support any definite role of homeobox gene in odontogenic lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Pey Wen Hii
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Anand Ramanathan
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
- Oral Cancer Research & Coordinating Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | | | - Gou Rean Wong
- Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA University, Jenjarom, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - E V Soma Sekhar
- Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA University, Jenjarom, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Zuraiza Mohamad Zaini
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Oral Cancer Research & Coordinating Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rosnah Binti Zain
- Oral Cancer Research & Coordinating Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA University, Jenjarom, Selangor, Malaysia
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3
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Haron N, Rajendran S, Kallarakkal TG, Zain RB, Ramanathan A, Abraham MT, Lau SH, Cheng LC, Chong SMY, Mohamed Azahar FA, Mohamad Zaini Z, Chan SW, Goh YC, Lim D, Khairi J, Abidin MZ, Abdul Rahman ZA, Liew CS, Fong SC, Yang YH, Ismail SM, Cheong SC. High referral accuracy for oral cancers and oral potentially malignant disorders using telemedicine. Oral Dis 2023; 29:380-389. [PMID: 33914993 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the accuracy of MeMoSA®, a mobile phone application to review images of oral lesions in identifying oral cancers and oral potentially malignant disorders requiring referral. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A prospective study of 355 participants, including 280 with oral lesions/variants was conducted. Adults aged ≥18 treated at tertiary referral centres were included. Images of the oral cavity were taken using MeMoSA®. The identification of the presence of lesion/variant and referral decision made using MeMoSA® were compared to clinical oral examination, using kappa statistics for intra-rater agreement. Sensitivity, specificity, concordance and F1 score were computed. Images were reviewed by an off-site specialist and inter-rater agreement was evaluated. Images from sequential clinical visits were compared to evaluate observable changes in the lesions. RESULTS Kappa values comparing MeMoSA® with clinical oral examination in detecting a lesion and referral decision was 0.604 and 0.892, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity for referral decision were 94.0% and 95.5%. Concordance and F1 score were 94.9% and 93.3%, respectively. Inter-rater agreement for a referral decision was 0.825. Progression or regression of lesions were systematically documented using MeMoSA®. CONCLUSION Referral decisions made through MeMoSA® is highly comparable to clinical examination demonstrating it is a reliable telemedicine tool to facilitate the identification of high-risk lesions for early management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Thomas George Kallarakkal
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Oral Cancer Research & Coordinating Centre (OCRCC), Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rosnah Binti Zain
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Oral Cancer Research & Coordinating Centre (OCRCC), Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Faculty of Dentistry, Saujana Putra Campus, MAHSA University, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Anand Ramanathan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Oral Cancer Research & Coordinating Centre (OCRCC), Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mannil Thomas Abraham
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital Tengku Ampuan Rahimah, Ministry of Health, Selangor, Malaysia.,Oral Health Program, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | - Shin Hin Lau
- Institute for Medical Research, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Lai Choo Cheng
- Oral Health Program, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | - Sherrie Mei Yee Chong
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital Tengku Ampuan Rahimah, Ministry of Health, Selangor, Malaysia.,Oral Health Program, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | - Farah Aliya Mohamed Azahar
- Oral Health Program, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Putrajaya, Malaysia.,Oral Surgery Clinic, Hospital Serdang, Ministry of Health, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Zuraiza Mohamad Zaini
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Siew Wui Chan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yet Ching Goh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Daniel Lim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Juliana Khairi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital Tengku Ampuan Rahimah, Ministry of Health, Selangor, Malaysia.,Oral Health Program, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | - Marzuki Zainal Abidin
- Oral Health Program, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Putrajaya, Malaysia.,Oral Surgery Clinic, Hospital Serdang, Ministry of Health, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Zainal Ariff Abdul Rahman
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chee Sun Liew
- Department of Computer System & Technology, Faculty of Computer Science & Information Technology, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Data Intensive Computing Centre, Research Management & Innovation Complex, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Centre for Data Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Yi-Hsin Yang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Malaysia
| | - Siti Mazlipah Ismail
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sok Ching Cheong
- Cancer Research Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Pandarathodiyil AK, Mani SA, Ghani WMN, Ramanathan A, Talib R, Zamzuri AT. Preparedness of recent dental graduates and final-year undergraduate dental students for practice amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. Eur J Dent Educ 2023; 27:78-86. [PMID: 35100466 DOI: 10.1111/eje.12779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dental education involves performing clinical procedures on patients under expert supervision. The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted routine face-to-face teaching-learning-assessment dynamics world over. This study assessed the self-perceived preparedness of dental undergraduate students for practice, whose clinical training was interrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic from dental schools across Malaysia. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional web-based questionnaire survey was done among new dental graduates of the academic year 2019-2020 and the final year undergraduate students (academic year 2020-2021) from dental schools in Malaysia, using the Dental Undergraduates Preparedness Assessment Scale (DU-PAS), from 6th to 26th April 2021. The questionnaire addressed clinical skill competence, and cognitive and behavioral attributes. The number of respondents needed to achieve a confidence level of 95% with margin of error of 5% was 306. RESULTS A total of 453 (243 final year students and 210 new graduates) responded from dental schools nationwide, with a response rate of 30.6%. The overall mean score for preparedness for dental practice was 76.3±14.7, for clinical skills 39.7±7.3, and behavioral and cognitive attributes 36.5±9.1. New graduates had significantly higher mean preparedness score (78.6±14.4) as compared to students in their final year (74.2±14.7). Performing endodontic treatment on multi-rooted teeth had the lowest perceived competency (29.8%), followed by assessing treatment needs of patients requiring orthodontics (37.1%), prescribing drugs (46.6%) and providing crowns using principles of tooth preservation (48.1%). CONCLUSIONS Satisfactory scores were obtained for most attributes. The final-year cohort was significantly less prepared for dental practice compared to the newly graduated cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shani Ann Mani
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Wan Maria Nabillah Ghani
- Oral Cancer Research & Coordinating Centre (OCRCC), Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Anand Ramanathan
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rozaidah Talib
- Faculty of Dentistry, SEGi University, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia
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Yahya F, Mohd Bakri M, Hossain MZ, Syed Abdul Rahman SN, Mohammed Alabsi A, Ramanathan A. Combination Treatment of TRPV4 Agonist with Cisplatin Promotes Vessel Normalization in an Animal Model of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Medicina (Kaunas) 2022; 58:medicina58091229. [PMID: 36143906 PMCID: PMC9504292 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58091229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the sixth most common malignancy in the world. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) channel has been shown to be involved in angiogenesis in multiple types of tumors. However, not much is known about TRPV4′s involvement in OSCC. Thus, in this study, we investigate the effect of administering a TRPV4 agonist on angiogenesis in OSCC. Materials and Methods: Thirty-six Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were used in this study. 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4NQO) was used to induce OSCC. Cisplatin (an anticancer drug), and GSK1016790A (an agonist for TRPV4) was used in this study. Immunohistochemistry was employed to examine the TRPV4 expression. An RT2 Profiler PCR Array was performed for gene expression analysis of TRPV4, vascular growth factors that correspond directly with angiogenesis, such as angiopoietin (Ang-1 and Ang-2), and tyrosine kinase (Tie-1 and Tie-2) receptors. Tumor vessel maturity was assessed by microvessel density and microvessel-pericyte-coverage index. Results: RT2 profiler PCR array showed significant elevated levels of Ang-1 (2.1-fold change; p < 0.05) and Tie-2 (4.5-fold change; p < 0.05) in OSCC following the administration of a combination of GSK1016790A and cisplatin. Additionally, the combination treatment significantly reduced the microvessel density (p < 0.01) and significantly increased the percentage of microvessels covered with pericytes (p < 0.01) in OSCC. Furthermore, tumor size was significantly reduced (p < 0.05) in rats that received cisplatin alone. The combination treatment also greatly reduced the tumor size; however, the data were not statistically significant. Conclusions: The findings suggest that combining a TRPV4 agonist with cisplatin for treatment of OSCC promote vessels normalization via modulation of Ang-1/Tie-2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhana Yahya
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (F.Y.); (S.N.S.A.R.)
| | - Marina Mohd Bakri
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (F.Y.); (S.N.S.A.R.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Mohammad Zakir Hossain
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Matsumoto Dental University, 1780 Gobara Hirooka, Shiojiri, Nagano 399-0781, Japan;
| | - Syarifah Nur Syed Abdul Rahman
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (F.Y.); (S.N.S.A.R.)
| | - Aied Mohammed Alabsi
- Department of Oral Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA University, Jenjarom 42610, Malaysia;
| | - Anand Ramanathan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
- Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Center, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
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Mahamad Apandi NI, Ramanathan A, Ismail SM, Ranganathan K. Do Clear Cell Changes in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Warrant It Being Recognised as a Variant? Cureus 2022; 14:e25057. [PMID: 35719807 PMCID: PMC9200516 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.25057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Histological variants of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) include verrucous, basaloid, spindle cell, adenosquamous, papillary, and acantholytic types. Clear-cell changes in OSCC are rare. We report a case of a 65-year-old male Chinese patient who presented with a swelling in the lower-left mandible for three weeks, causing ill-fitting of his lower denture and an ulcer on the floor of the mouth. Histologically, the lesion showed a dense proliferation of malignant tumor cells arranged in islands and sheets consisting of squamoid cells intermixed with signet ring-shaped clear cells. The clear cells were negative for mucicarmine, periodic acid Schiff (PAS), periodic acid Schiff-diastase (PAS-D), and alcian blue (AB). Immunohistochemistry showed the tumor cells were immuno-positive for cytokeratin (CK) and p63, but CK7, CK20, and S100 were immuno-negative. Therefore, a metastatic tumor in the oral cavity was suggested. However, the CT scan did not show any primary tumors in other sites. Histopathologically, the surgical specimen showed signet-ring-shaped clear cells in the stroma with squamoid cells invading the underlying connective tissue from the surface epithelium, suggesting a diagnosis of clear cell changes in OSCC. Follow-up showed recurrent OSCC at the base of the tongue with lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis in the lung. Only a few cases of clear-cell changes have been reported, with most having a poor prognosis. This case report adds one more case of clear cell changes in the OSCC with a poor prognosis. We reviewed the literature to understand their clinical behavior. Due to the rarity of its (clear cell changes) occurrence, further research is required in order to obtain a better understanding of the clinical behavior and prognosis of these clear cell changes seen in OSCC.
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Zain RB, Pateel DGS, Ramanathan A, Kallarakkal TG, Wong GR, Yang YH, Zaini ZM, Ibrahim N, Kohli S, Durward C. Effectiveness of "OralDETECT": a Repetitive Test-enhanced, Corrective Feedback Method Competency Assessment Tool for Early Detection of Oral Cancer. J Cancer Educ 2022; 37:319-327. [PMID: 32821988 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-020-01814-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Early diagnosis of oral cancer results in less aggressive treatment and improves the quality of life and overall 5-year survival rate. Well-trained dental professionals can play a crucial role in the early detection of oral cancers. The present study aims to determine the effectiveness of the training program "OralDETECT", a spaced repetitive, test-enhanced learning tool with a corrective feedback mechanism for early detection of oral cancer. Thirty-two dentists and 259 dental students from three Malaysian dental schools were involved in this study. All participants were trained and calibrated to recognize oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) and oral cancer using "OralDETECT", which is comprised of a series of pre-test, lecture, post-tests and review sessions. The percentage of correct answers (scores) for each test given by the participants was calculated and analysed using a paired t test. It was found that the overall percentage of diagnostic accuracy for both dental professionals and student groups increased to above 80% from the pre-tests to the final post-tests. There was a significant improvement in overall scores between the pre-tests and all three post-tests for the dental professional groups and the student groups. The diagnostic accuracy for individual OPMD and lesions suspicious of oral cancer also increased to above 80% for both groups. The results of our study demonstrate that the "OralDETECT" is an efficient and effective competency tool which can be used to train dental professionals and students for the early detection of OPMD and oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosnah Binti Zain
- Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA University, Humanity Block, 42610, Bandar Saujana Putra, Selangor, Malaysia.
- Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.
| | | | - Anand Ramanathan
- Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Thomas George Kallarakkal
- Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Gou Rean Wong
- Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA University, Humanity Block, 42610, Bandar Saujana Putra, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yi Hsin Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Zuraiza Mohamad Zaini
- Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Norliwati Ibrahim
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shivani Kohli
- Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA University, Humanity Block, 42610, Bandar Saujana Putra, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Callum Durward
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Puthishastra, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
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Gubod EBR, Ramanathan A, Chong Mei Yee S, Tilakaratne WM. Bone Formation in Pleomorphic Adenoma: A Case Report. Cureus 2022; 14:e22868. [PMID: 35392445 PMCID: PMC8979320 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.22868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Pleomorphic adenoma is a benign tumour with variable cytomorphological and architectural elements. It is the most common salivary gland tumour in children and adults. We report a case of a 32-year-old Malay woman who presented with a slow-growing, painless, firm, and mobile nodule of 1 cm x 1 cm in size at the angle of her mandible on the right side which could be palpated bimanually. Intraorally, this nodule could be palpated at the retromolar area. On excisional biopsy, this nodule was reported as a pleomorphic adenoma with predominant chondroid stromal elements and a large area of bone formation in the stroma. We discuss the possible pathogenesis, differential diagnosis, and clinical significance of this exceptionally rare phenomenon of bone formation in pleomorphic adenoma in minor salivary glands with the literature review. The clinical significance and relevance on treatment outcome for pleomorphic adenoma with bone formation is currently uncertain as there are only a few cases reported in the literature. A good follow-up study is recommended to assess the clinical significance of pleomorphic adenoma with extensive bone formation.
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9
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Khalid R, Ramanathan A, Tee Lun H, Lim D. Aberrant Expression of p63 in an Adenocarcinoma of the Prostate That Has Metastasized to the Oral Cavity. Cureus 2022; 14:e22753. [PMID: 35371862 PMCID: PMC8970596 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.22753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis specifically to the oral cavity is uncommon in cases of prostate adenocarcinoma. Only 4% of prostate cancer patients present with metastases to the oral cavity originating from the prostate. In the oral cavity, the mandible is the primary site of metastases. p63 is said to be a reliable marker to distinguish benign from malignant lesions of prostate origin, with benign lesions staining positive and malignant lesions staining negative. However, in rare instances, malignant prostate lesions have shown aberrant expression of p63. This case report highlights such a rare incidence of metastasis of prostate adenocarcinoma to the oral cavity involving the right buccal mucosa and the right side of the mandible and having an aberrant expression of p63 in a 76-year-old Chinese male. A computed tomography (CT) scan and bone scan revealed multiple bone metastases, and in three months, the patient succumbed to the disease. Thus, p63 is not exclusively expressed in benign lesions of the prostate, as the aberrant expression may also be evident in malignant lesions such as prostate adenocarcinoma. Therefore, the determination of benign or malignant lesions of the prostate using p63 must be interpreted with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafiq Khalid
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, MYS.,Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Diagnosis, Kulliyyah of Dentistry, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, MYS
| | - Anand Ramanathan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, MYS.,Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, MYS
| | - Heng Tee Lun
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, MYS
| | - Daniel Lim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, MYS
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10
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Rajendran S, Mohamad Zaini Z, Lim YZ, Kallarakkal TG, Ramanathan A, Chan SW, Goh YC, Tan CC, Lim D, Hassan MK, Kanapathy J, Pathmanathan D, Chan CS, Liew CS, Ismail SM, Cheong SC. Accelerated implementation of teleconsultation services for the monitoring of oral potentially malignant disorders as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. Oral Oncol 2022; 126:105730. [PMID: 35176655 PMCID: PMC8842584 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2022.105730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Senthilmani Rajendran
- Digital Health Research Unit, Cancer Research Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Zuraiza Mohamad Zaini
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Oral Cancer Research & Coordinating Centre (OCRCC), Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ying Zhi Lim
- Digital Health Research Unit, Cancer Research Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Thomas George Kallarakkal
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Oral Cancer Research & Coordinating Centre (OCRCC), Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Anand Ramanathan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Oral Cancer Research & Coordinating Centre (OCRCC), Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Siew Wui Chan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yet Ching Goh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chuey Chuan Tan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Daniel Lim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Kamil Hassan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jananezwary Kanapathy
- Digital Health Research Unit, Cancer Research Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Chee Seng Chan
- Centre of Image and Signal Processing, Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chee Sun Liew
- Department of Computer System & Technology, Faculty of Computer Science & Information Technology, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Centre for Data Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Siti Mazlipah Ismail
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Sok Ching Cheong
- Digital Health Research Unit, Cancer Research Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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11
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Yet Ching G, Ramanathan A, George Kallarakkal T, Kadir K. Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Warthin Tumour Occurring As Synchronous Tumours: A Report of Two Cases. Cureus 2022; 14:e22547. [PMID: 35345750 PMCID: PMC8956501 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.22547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral cancer is a common site of cancer worldwide with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) comprising the major segment. The risk factors include tobacco and alcohol abuse, betel quid, and areca nut consumption. Warthin tumour (WT), also known as papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum is a benign tumour of the salivary gland. It is one of the most common benign parotid neoplasms with cigarette smoking and radiation exposure as possible cited etiologic factors. Rarely, two or more histologically distinct neoplasms may occur synchronously. The synchronous occurrence of OSCC and WT is infrequent. The aim of this case series is to report the incidence rate of synchronous OSCC and WT in our centre between 2010 and 2019 and their socio-demographic, clinical, histopathological features, management, and prognosis and discuss the relevant literature. Out of 143 OSCC cases reported in our centre from the year 2010 to 2019, two had synchronous OSCC and WT with an incidence rate of 1.4%. These two cases occurred in a 63-year-old female and a 68-year-old male both with smoking habits. One OSCC was present in the left buccal mucosa and the other in the right ventral surface of the tongue, whereas the WT in both cases occurred in the tail of the parotid. One patient had a recurrence and died while the other is under follow-up without any recurrence. These unusual findings of synchronous occurrence of WT at a distant site from the primary tumour may mimic a malignant disease, more likely a metastasis from the primary OSCC, which could further complicate the management of these patients. Therefore, radiologists, head and neck surgeons, and pathologists should be aware of the occurrence of these unusual presentations to avoid overtreatment in such cases.
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12
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Pandarathodiyil A, Ramanathan A, Garg R, Doss J, Abd Rahman F, Nabillah Ghani W, Vijayan S. Lactate Dehydrogenase: The Beacon of Hope? J Pharm Bioall Sci 2022; 14:S1090-S1092. [PMID: 36110668 PMCID: PMC9469326 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_104_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactate dehydrogenase enzyme (LDH) helps in the conversion of glucose into pyruvic acid during aerobic glycolysis and is found in the cytoplasm of most cells in the human body. When oxidative stress occurs in the body, LDH may be released extracellularly and its level is usually indicative of the severity of tissue damage. LDH has proved to be an inestimably resourceful marker in early prediction of serious diseases involving extensive tissue or cellular damage. This short communication explores the potential of LDH as a salivary biomarker of cell injury and death.
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13
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Grooby E, Sitaula C, Fattahi D, Sameni R, Tan K, Zhou L, King A, Ramanathan A, Malhotra A, Dumont G, Marzbanrad F. Noisy Neonatal Chest Sound Separation for High-Quality Heart and Lung Sounds. IEEE J Biomed Health Inform 2022; PP. [DOI: 10.1109/jbhi.2022.3215995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Grooby
- Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - C. Sitaula
- Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | - R. Sameni
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - K. Tan
- Monash Newborn, Monash Children's Hospital, Australia
| | - L. Zhou
- Monash Newborn, Monash Children's Hospital, Australia
| | - A. King
- Monash Newborn, Monash Children's Hospital, Australia
| | - A. Ramanathan
- Monash Newborn, Monash Children's Hospital, Australia
| | - A. Malhotra
- Monash Newborn, Monash Children's Hospital, Australia
| | - G.A. Dumont
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - F. Marzbanrad
- Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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14
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Pandarathodiyil AK, Vijayan SP, Ramanathan A, Rao RS, Patil S. Autophagy: The "Pac-Man" within Us-Ally or Adversary? J Contemp Dent Pract 2021; 22:1079-1081. [PMID: 35197372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy, first described by the Belgian biochemist Christian De Duve in 1963, is derived from the Greek word "autóphagos," which means "self-devouring." It is a cellular homeostatic process in which the body rids itself of flawed or damaged cells and other defective cellular organelles.1 The implication of defective autophagy in various human diseases has been well documented. The vital importance of autophagy is underscored by the fact that robust cellular health and function are intricately linked with it.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Srinivas P Vijayan
- Department of Prosthodontics and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Remera Campus, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Anand Ramanathan
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Roopa S Rao
- Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, MS Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Shankargouda Patil
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Science, Division of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
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15
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Pandarathodiyil AK, Ramanathan A, Garg R, Doss JG, Abd Rahman FB, Ghani WMN, Warnakulasuriya S. Lactate Dehydrogenase Levels in the Saliva of Cigarette and E-Cigarette Smokers (Vapers): A Comparative Analysis. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2021; 22:3227-3235. [PMID: 34710999 PMCID: PMC8858253 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2021.22.10.3227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We examined the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) enzyme levels in the saliva of vapers (e-cigarette users) and compared the data with cigarette smokers and a control group of non-smokers and non-vapers. METHODS Subjects were recruited among those responding to a social media announcement or patients attending the SEGi Oral Health Care Centre between May and December 2019, and among some staff at the centre. Five ml of unstimulated whole saliva was collected and salivary LDH enzyme activity levels were measured with a LDH colorimetric assay kit. Salivary LDH activity level was determined for each group and compared statistically. RESULTS Eighty-eight subjects were categorized into three groups (control n=30, smokers n=29, and vapers n=29). The mean ± standard deviation (SD) values for salivary LDH activity levels for vapers, smokers, and control groups were 35.15 ± 24.34 mU/ml, 30.82 ± 20.73 mU/ml, and 21.45 ± 15.30 mU/ml, respectively. The salivary LDH activity levels of smoker and vaper groups were significantly higher than in the control group (p = 0.031; 0.017). There was no significant difference of salivary LDH activity level in vapers when compared with smokers (p= 0.234). CONCLUSION Our findings showed higher LDH levels in the saliva of vapers when compared with controls, confirming cytotoxic and harmful effects of e-cigarettes on the oral mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anitha Krishnan Pandarathodiyil
- Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, SEGI University, Jalan Teknologi, Kota Damansara, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Anand Ramanathan
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Oral Cancer Research & Coordinating Centre (OCRCC), Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ranjana Garg
- Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, SEGI University, Jalan Teknologi, Kota Damansara, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Jennifer Geraldine Doss
- Oral Cancer Research & Coordinating Centre (OCRCC), Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Department of Community Oral Health & Clinical Prevention, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Fazliny Binti Abd Rahman
- Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, SEGI University, Jalan Teknologi, Kota Damansara, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wan Maria Nabillah Ghani
- Oral Cancer Research & Coordinating Centre (OCRCC), Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Saman Warnakulasuriya
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, United Kingdom.,WHO Collaborating Centre for Oral Cancer, United Kingdom
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16
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Gubod ER, Ramanathan A, Mohamad Zaini Z, Warnakulasuriya S. Oral Lichen Planus in a Patient With a Thymoma: A Rare Finding. Cureus 2021; 13:e17376. [PMID: 34584786 PMCID: PMC8457309 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.17376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a rare case of ulcerative oral lichen planus that was associated with a thymoma discovered during the management phase, seven months after the initial diagnosis of oral lichen planus. Thymectomy was performed and investigations revealed pure red cell aplasia. Although rare, the association of a thymoma should be considered in recording the medical history of patients presenting with oral lichen planus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eb Robson Gubod
- Oral & Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, MYS
| | - Anand Ramanathan
- Oral Cancer Research & Coordinating Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, MYS.,Oral & Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, MYS
| | - Zuraiza Mohamad Zaini
- Oral & Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, MYS
| | - Saman Warnakulasuriya
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, WHO Collaborating Centre for Oral Cancer, London, GBR
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17
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Wong YL, Ramanathan A, Yuen KM, Mustafa WMW, Abraham MT, Tay KK, Rahman ZAA, Chen Y. Comparative sera proteomics analysis of differentially expressed proteins in oral squamous cell carcinoma. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11548. [PMID: 34178453 PMCID: PMC8199918 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has increased in incidence from 1990 to 2017, especially in South and Southeast Asia. It is often diagnosed at an advanced stage with a poor prognosis. Therefore, early detection of OSCC is essential to improve the prognosis of OSCC. This study aims to identify the differentially expressed serum proteins as potential biomarkers for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Methods Comparative proteomics profiling of serum samples from OSCC patients, oral potentially malignant disorder (OPMD) patients, and healthy individuals were performed using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) coupled with mass spectrometry (MS) (n = 60) and bioinformatics analysis. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (n = 120) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) (n = 70) were used to confirm our findings. Results The 2-DE analysis revealed that 20 differentially expressed proteins were detected in OPMD and OSCC (p < 0.05). Bioinformatics analysis indicated that the activation of classical complement, liver X receptor/retinoid X receptor (LXR/RXR) activation, and acute phase response signaling pathway are associated with the development and progression of OSCC. Most of the detected proteins are acute-phase proteins and were related to inflammation and immune responses, including apolipoprotein A-I (APOA1), complement C3 (C3), clusterin (CLU), and haptoglobin (HP). The expression levels of CLU and HP in ELISA are consistent with the findings from the 2-DE analysis, except for the mean serum level of HP in OPMD, whereby it was slightly higher than that in control. IHC results demonstrated that CLU and HP are significantly decreased in OSCC tissues. Conclusion Decreased expression of CLU and HP could serve as complementary biomarkers of OSCC. These proteins may assist in predicting the outcomes of OSCC patients. However, a larger cohort is needed for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Ling Wong
- Department of Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Anand Ramanathan
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Oral Cancer Research & Coordinating Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kar Mun Yuen
- Oral Health Program, Ministry of Health, Federal Government Administrative Centre, Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | | | - Mannil Thomas Abraham
- Oral Health Program, Ministry of Health, Federal Government Administrative Centre, Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | - Keng Kiong Tay
- Oral Health Program, Ministry of Health, Federal Government Administrative Centre, Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | - Zainal Ariff Abdul Rahman
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Oral Cancer Research & Coordinating Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yeng Chen
- Department of Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Oral Cancer Research & Coordinating Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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18
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Obade AY, Pandarathodiyil AK, Oo AL, Warnakulasuriya S, Ramanathan A. Application of optical coherence tomography to study the structural features of oral mucosa in biopsy tissues of oral dysplasia and carcinomas. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 25:5411-5419. [PMID: 33629155 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-03849-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to examine the ability of optical coherence tomography (OCT) to differentiate ex vivo epithelial structure of benign disorders, dysplastic, and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in comparison with the structure of normal marginal mucosa of oral biopsies. As a secondary objective, we examined the inter- and intra-observer variations of OCT measurements of two calibrated assessors. MATERIALS AND METHODS Oral biopsies (n = 44) were scanned using the swept source OCT (SSOCT) and grouped by pathology diagnosis to benign, dysplasia or carcinoma. Two trained and calibrated assessors scored on the five OCT variables: thickness of keratin layer (KL), epithelial layer (EL), homogeneity of lamina propria (LP), basement membrane integrity (BMI), and the degree of reflection of the epithelial layer (Ep Re). Chi-square tests and Fischer's exact method were used to compare the data. RESULTS The OCT images showed breached BM status in all the OSCC samples (100%). Epithelial reflection was noted to be hyper-reflective in all the OSCC and oral dysplasia samples (100%). An increase in KL in 66.67% of the OSCC and 100% of the oral dysplasia samples was found. EL was increased in all the OSCC samples (100%) and 85.72% of the oral dysplasias. Kappa values showed that there was very good agreement (over 0.7) when scoring individual parameters between the two assessors. CONCLUSION The study showed that the BM status was a key parameter in the detection of SCC and for differentiating SCC from oral dysplasia or benign disorders. CLINICAL RELEVANCE OCT is a non-invasive and non-radioactive adjunct diagnostic tool that can provide immediate results on the structure of oral mucosa. The BM status measured ex vivo was a key parameter in the detection of SCC and for differentiating SCC from oral dysplasia or benign disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Yassen Obade
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Aung Lwin Oo
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Anand Ramanathan
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. .,Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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19
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Acharya A, Agarwal R, Baker M, Baudry J, Bhowmik D, Boehm S, Byler KG, Chen S, Coates L, Cooper C, Demerdash O, Daidone I, Eblen J, Ellingson S, Forli S, Glaser J, Gumbart JC, Gunnels J, Hernandez O, Irle S, Kneller D, Kovalevsky A, Larkin J, Lawrence T, LeGrand S, Liu SH, Mitchell J, Park G, Parks J, Pavlova A, Petridis L, Poole D, Pouchard L, Ramanathan A, Rogers D, Santos-Martins D, Scheinberg A, Sedova A, Shen Y, Smith J, Smith M, Soto C, Tsaris A, Thavappiragasam M, Tillack A, Vermaas J, Vuong V, Yin J, Yoo S, Zahran M, Zanetti-Polzi L. Supercomputer-Based Ensemble Docking Drug Discovery Pipeline with Application to Covid-19. J Chem Inf Model 2020; 60:5832-5852. [PMID: 33326239 PMCID: PMC7754786 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.0c01010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
We present a supercomputer-driven pipeline for in silico drug discovery using enhanced sampling molecular dynamics (MD) and ensemble docking. Ensemble docking makes use of MD results by docking compound databases into representative protein binding-site conformations, thus taking into account the dynamic properties of the binding sites. We also describe preliminary results obtained for 24 systems involving eight proteins of the proteome of SARS-CoV-2. The MD involves temperature replica exchange enhanced sampling, making use of massively parallel supercomputing to quickly sample the configurational space of protein drug targets. Using the Summit supercomputer at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, more than 1 ms of enhanced sampling MD can be generated per day. We have ensemble docked repurposing databases to 10 configurations of each of the 24 SARS-CoV-2 systems using AutoDock Vina. Comparison to experiment demonstrates remarkably high hit rates for the top scoring tranches of compounds identified by our ensemble approach. We also demonstrate that, using Autodock-GPU on Summit, it is possible to perform exhaustive docking of one billion compounds in under 24 h. Finally, we discuss preliminary results and planned improvements to the pipeline, including the use of quantum mechanical (QM), machine learning, and artificial intelligence (AI) methods to cluster MD trajectories and rescore docking poses.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Acharya
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - R. Agarwal
- UT/ORNL Center for Molecular Biophysics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN, 37830, USA
- The University of Tennessee, Knoxville. Department of Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology, 309 Ken and Blaire Mossman Bldg. 1311 Cumberland Avenue Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
- Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - M. Baker
- Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA
| | - J. Baudry
- The University of Alabama in Huntsville, Department of Biological Sciences. 301 Sparkman Drive, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA
| | - D. Bhowmik
- Computational Sciences and Engineering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - S. Boehm
- Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA
| | - K. G. Byler
- The University of Alabama in Huntsville, Department of Biological Sciences. 301 Sparkman Drive, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA
| | - S.Y. Chen
- Computational Science Initiative, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - L. Coates
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - C.J. Cooper
- UT/ORNL Center for Molecular Biophysics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN, 37830, USA
- Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - O. Demerdash
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA
| | - I. Daidone
- Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, I-67010 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - J.D. Eblen
- UT/ORNL Center for Molecular Biophysics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN, 37830, USA
- The University of Tennessee, Knoxville. Department of Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology, 309 Ken and Blaire Mossman Bldg. 1311 Cumberland Avenue Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - S. Ellingson
- University of Kentucky, Division of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, UK Medical Center MN 150, Lexington KY, 40536, USA
| | - S. Forli
- Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - J. Glaser
- National Center for Computational Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA
| | - J. C. Gumbart
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - J. Gunnels
- HPC Engineering, Amazon Web Services, Seattle, WA 98121, USA
| | - O. Hernandez
- Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA
| | - S. Irle
- Computational Sciences and Engineering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
- Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - D.W. Kneller
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - A. Kovalevsky
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - J. Larkin
- NVIDIA Corporation, Santa Clara, CA 95051, USA
| | - T.J. Lawrence
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA
| | - S. LeGrand
- NVIDIA Corporation, Santa Clara, CA 95051, USA
| | - S.-H. Liu
- UT/ORNL Center for Molecular Biophysics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN, 37830, USA
- The University of Tennessee, Knoxville. Department of Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology, 309 Ken and Blaire Mossman Bldg. 1311 Cumberland Avenue Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - J.C. Mitchell
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA
| | - G. Park
- Computational Science Initiative, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - J.M. Parks
- UT/ORNL Center for Molecular Biophysics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN, 37830, USA
- The University of Tennessee, Knoxville. Department of Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology, 309 Ken and Blaire Mossman Bldg. 1311 Cumberland Avenue Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
- Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - A. Pavlova
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - L. Petridis
- UT/ORNL Center for Molecular Biophysics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN, 37830, USA
- The University of Tennessee, Knoxville. Department of Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology, 309 Ken and Blaire Mossman Bldg. 1311 Cumberland Avenue Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - D. Poole
- NVIDIA Corporation, Santa Clara, CA 95051, USA
| | - L. Pouchard
- Computational Science Initiative, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - A. Ramanathan
- Data Science and Learning Division, Argonne National Lab, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - D. Rogers
- National Center for Computational Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA
| | | | | | - A. Sedova
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA
| | - Y. Shen
- UT/ORNL Center for Molecular Biophysics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN, 37830, USA
- The University of Tennessee, Knoxville. Department of Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology, 309 Ken and Blaire Mossman Bldg. 1311 Cumberland Avenue Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
- Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - J.C. Smith
- UT/ORNL Center for Molecular Biophysics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN, 37830, USA
- The University of Tennessee, Knoxville. Department of Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology, 309 Ken and Blaire Mossman Bldg. 1311 Cumberland Avenue Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - M.D. Smith
- UT/ORNL Center for Molecular Biophysics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN, 37830, USA
- The University of Tennessee, Knoxville. Department of Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology, 309 Ken and Blaire Mossman Bldg. 1311 Cumberland Avenue Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - C. Soto
- Computational Science Initiative, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - A. Tsaris
- National Center for Computational Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA
| | | | | | - J.V. Vermaas
- National Center for Computational Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA
| | - V.Q. Vuong
- Computational Sciences and Engineering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
- Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - J. Yin
- National Center for Computational Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA
| | - S. Yoo
- Computational Science Initiative, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - M. Zahran
- Department of Biological Sciences, New York City College of Technology, The City University of New York (CUNY), Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA
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Awais M, Ghayvat H, Krishnan Pandarathodiyil A, Nabillah Ghani WM, Ramanathan A, Pandya S, Walter N, Saad MN, Zain RB, Faye I. Healthcare Professional in the Loop (HPIL): Classification of Standard and Oral Cancer-Causing Anomalous Regions of Oral Cavity Using Textural Analysis Technique in Autofluorescence Imaging. Sensors (Basel) 2020; 20:E5780. [PMID: 33053886 PMCID: PMC7601168 DOI: 10.3390/s20205780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Oral mucosal lesions (OML) and oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) have been identified as having the potential to transform into oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). This research focuses on the human-in-the-loop-system named Healthcare Professionals in the Loop (HPIL) to support diagnosis through an advanced machine learning procedure. HPIL is a novel system approach based on the textural pattern of OML and OPMDs (anomalous regions) to differentiate them from standard regions of the oral cavity by using autofluorescence imaging. An innovative method based on pre-processing, e.g., the Deriche-Canny edge detector and circular Hough transform (CHT); a post-processing textural analysis approach using the gray-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM); and a feature selection algorithm (linear discriminant analysis (LDA)), followed by k-nearest neighbor (KNN) to classify OPMDs and the standard region, is proposed in this paper. The accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity in differentiating between standard and anomalous regions of the oral cavity are 83%, 85%, and 84%, respectively. The performance evaluation was plotted through the receiver operating characteristics of periodontist diagnosis with the HPIL system and without the system. This method of classifying OML and OPMD areas may help the dental specialist to identify anomalous regions for performing their biopsies more efficiently to predict the histological diagnosis of epithelial dysplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Awais
- Center for Intelligent Medical Electronics, Department of Electronic Engineering, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China;
| | - Hemant Ghayvat
- Innovation Division Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark;
| | - Anitha Krishnan Pandarathodiyil
- Oral Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, SEGi University, Jalan Teknologi, Kota Damansara, Petaling Jaya 47810, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Wan Maria Nabillah Ghani
- Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (W.M.N.G.); (A.R.); (R.B.Z.)
| | - Anand Ramanathan
- Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (W.M.N.G.); (A.R.); (R.B.Z.)
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Sharnil Pandya
- Symbiosis Centre for Applied Artificial Intelligence and CSE Dept, Symbiosis International (Deemed) University, Pune 412115, Maharashtra, India;
| | - Nicolas Walter
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, Malaysia; (N.W.); (M.N.S.)
| | - Mohamad Naufal Saad
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, Malaysia; (N.W.); (M.N.S.)
| | - Rosnah Binti Zain
- Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (W.M.N.G.); (A.R.); (R.B.Z.)
- MAHSA University, Dean Office, Level 9, Dental Block, Bandar Saujana Putra, Jenjarom 42610, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ibrahima Faye
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, Malaysia
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21
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Maheswari R, Ramanathan A, Zhu H, Araújo do Nascimento Araújo A, Chapman C, Tang Y, (Feng) Tao F, Subramaniam B. Enhanced Friedel-Crafts benzylation activity of bimetallic WSn-KIT-6 catalysts. J Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2020.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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22
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Acharya A, Agarwal R, Baker M, Baudry J, Bhowmik D, Boehm S, Byler KG, Coates L, Chen SY, Cooper CJ, Demerdash O, Daidone I, Eblen JD, Ellingson S, Forli S, Glaser J, Gumbart JC, Gunnels J, Hernandez O, Irle S, Larkin J, Lawrence TJ, LeGrand S, Liu SH, Mitchell JC, Park G, Parks JM, Pavlova A, Petridis L, Poole D, Pouchard L, Ramanathan A, Rogers D, Santos-Martins D, Scheinberg A, Sedova A, Shen S, Smith JC, Smith MD, Soto C, Tsaris A, Thavappiragasam M, Tillack AF, Vermaas JV, Vuong VQ, Yin J, Yoo S, Zahran M, Zanetti-Polzi L. Supercomputer-Based Ensemble Docking Drug Discovery Pipeline with Application to Covid-19. ChemRxiv 2020:12725465. [PMID: 33200117 PMCID: PMC7668744 DOI: 10.26434/chemrxiv.12725465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
We present a supercomputer-driven pipeline for in-silico drug discovery using enhanced sampling molecular dynamics (MD) and ensemble docking. We also describe preliminary results obtained for 23 systems involving eight protein targets of the proteome of SARS CoV-2. THe MD performed is temperature replica-exchange enhanced sampling, making use of the massively parallel supercomputing on the SUMMIT supercomputer at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, with which more than 1ms of enhanced sampling MD can be generated per day. We have ensemble docked repurposing databases to ten configurations of each of the 23 SARS CoV-2 systems using AutoDock Vina. We also demonstrate that using Autodock-GPU on SUMMIT, it is possible to perform exhaustive docking of one billion compounds in under 24 hours. Finally, we discuss preliminary results and planned improvements to the pipeline, including the use of quantum mechanical (QM), machine learning, and AI methods to cluster MD trajectories and rescore docking poses.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Acharya
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332
| | - R Agarwal
- UT/ORNL Center for Molecular Biophysics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN, 37830
- The University of Tennessee, Knoxville. Department of Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology, 309 Ken and Blaire Mossman Bldg. 1311 Cumberland Avenue Knoxville, TN, 37996
- Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996
| | - M Baker
- Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830
| | - J Baudry
- The University of Alabama in Huntsville, Department of Biological Sciences. 301 Sparkman Drive, Huntsville, AL 35899
| | - D Bhowmik
- Computational Sciences and Engineering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831
| | - S Boehm
- Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830
| | - K G Byler
- The University of Alabama in Huntsville, Department of Biological Sciences. 301 Sparkman Drive, Huntsville, AL 35899
| | - L Coates
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831
| | - S Y Chen
- Computational Science Initiative, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973
| | - C J Cooper
- UT/ORNL Center for Molecular Biophysics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN, 37830
- Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996
| | - O Demerdash
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830
| | - I Daidone
- Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, I-67010 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - J D Eblen
- UT/ORNL Center for Molecular Biophysics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN, 37830
- The University of Tennessee, Knoxville. Department of Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology, 309 Ken and Blaire Mossman Bldg. 1311 Cumberland Avenue Knoxville, TN, 37996
| | - S Ellingson
- University of Kentucky, Division of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, UK Medical Center MN 150, Lexington KY, 40536
| | - S Forli
- Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, 92037
| | - J Glaser
- National Center for Computational Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830
| | - J C Gumbart
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332
| | - J Gunnels
- HPC Engineering, Amazon Web Services, Seattle, WA 98121
| | - O Hernandez
- Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830
| | - S Irle
- Computational Sciences and Engineering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831
- Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996
| | - J Larkin
- NVIDIA Corporation, Santa Clara, CA 95051
| | - T J Lawrence
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830
| | - S LeGrand
- NVIDIA Corporation, Santa Clara, CA 95051
| | - S-H Liu
- UT/ORNL Center for Molecular Biophysics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN, 37830
- The University of Tennessee, Knoxville. Department of Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology, 309 Ken and Blaire Mossman Bldg. 1311 Cumberland Avenue Knoxville, TN, 37996
| | - J C Mitchell
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830
| | - G Park
- Computational Science Initiative, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973
| | - J M Parks
- UT/ORNL Center for Molecular Biophysics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN, 37830
- The University of Tennessee, Knoxville. Department of Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology, 309 Ken and Blaire Mossman Bldg. 1311 Cumberland Avenue Knoxville, TN, 37996
- Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996
| | - A Pavlova
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332
| | - L Petridis
- UT/ORNL Center for Molecular Biophysics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN, 37830
- The University of Tennessee, Knoxville. Department of Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology, 309 Ken and Blaire Mossman Bldg. 1311 Cumberland Avenue Knoxville, TN, 37996
| | - D Poole
- NVIDIA Corporation, Santa Clara, CA 95051
| | - L Pouchard
- Computational Science Initiative, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973
| | - A Ramanathan
- Data Science and Learning Division, Argonne National Lab, Lemont, IL 60439
| | - D Rogers
- National Center for Computational Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830
| | | | | | - A Sedova
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830
| | - S Shen
- UT/ORNL Center for Molecular Biophysics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN, 37830
- The University of Tennessee, Knoxville. Department of Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology, 309 Ken and Blaire Mossman Bldg. 1311 Cumberland Avenue Knoxville, TN, 37996
- Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996
| | - J C Smith
- UT/ORNL Center for Molecular Biophysics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN, 37830
- The University of Tennessee, Knoxville. Department of Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology, 309 Ken and Blaire Mossman Bldg. 1311 Cumberland Avenue Knoxville, TN, 37996
| | - M D Smith
- UT/ORNL Center for Molecular Biophysics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN, 37830
- The University of Tennessee, Knoxville. Department of Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology, 309 Ken and Blaire Mossman Bldg. 1311 Cumberland Avenue Knoxville, TN, 37996
| | - C Soto
- Computational Science Initiative, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973
| | - A Tsaris
- National Center for Computational Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830
| | | | | | - J V Vermaas
- National Center for Computational Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830
| | - V Q Vuong
- Computational Sciences and Engineering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831
- Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996
| | - J Yin
- National Center for Computational Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830
| | - S Yoo
- Computational Science Initiative, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973
| | - M Zahran
- Department of Biological Sciences, New York City College of Technology, The City University of New York (CUNY), Brooklyn, NY 11201
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Shindi O, Kanesan J, Kendall G, Ramanathan A. The combined effect of optimal control and swarm intelligence on optimization of cancer chemotherapy. Comput Methods Programs Biomed 2020; 189:105327. [PMID: 31978808 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2020.105327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES In cancer therapy optimization, an optimal amount of drug is determined to not only reduce the tumor size but also to maintain the level of chemo toxicity in the patient's body. The increase in the number of objectives and constraints further burdens the optimization problem. The objective of the present work is to solve a Constrained Multi- Objective Optimization Problem (CMOOP) of the Cancer-Chemotherapy. This optimization results in optimal drug schedule through the minimization of the tumor size and the drug concentration by ensuring the patient's health level during dosing within an acceptable level. METHODS This paper presents two hybrid methodologies that combines optimal control theory with multi-objective swarm and evolutionary algorithms and compares the performance of these methodologies with multi-objective swarm intelligence algorithms such as MOEAD, MODE, MOPSO and M-MOPSO. The hybrid and conventional methodologies are compared by addressing CMOOP. RESULTS The minimized tumor and drug concentration results obtained by the hybrid methodologies demonstrate that they are not only superior to pure swarm intelligence or evolutionary algorithm methodologies but also consumes far less computational time. Further, Second Order Sufficient Condition (SSC) is also used to verify and validate the optimality condition of the constrained multi-objective problem. CONCLUSION The proposed methodologies reduce chemo-medicine administration while maintaining effective tumor killing. This will be helpful for oncologist to discover and find the optimum dose schedule of the chemotherapy that reduces the tumor cells while maintaining the patients' health at a safe level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Shindi
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jeevan Kanesan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Graham Kendall
- School of Computer Science, University of Nottingham, Malaysia Campus, 43500 Semenyih, Malaysia.
| | - Anand Ramanathan
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Oral Cancer Research - Coordinating Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Wu J, Ramanathan A, Kersting R, Jystad A, Zhu H, Hu Y, Marshall CP, Caricato M, Subramaniam B. Enhanced Olefin Metathesis Performance of Tungsten and Niobium Incorporated Bimetallic Silicates: Evidence of Synergistic Effects. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201902131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian‐Feng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringLanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
- Center for Environmentally Beneficial CatalysisThe University of Kansas Lawrence KS-66047 USA
| | - Anand Ramanathan
- Center for Environmentally Beneficial CatalysisThe University of Kansas Lawrence KS-66047 USA
| | | | - Amy Jystad
- Department of ChemistryThe University of Kansas Lawrence KS-66045 USA
| | - Hongda Zhu
- Center for Environmentally Beneficial CatalysisThe University of Kansas Lawrence KS-66047 USA
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum EngineeringThe University of Kansas Lawrence KS-66045 USA
| | - Yongfeng Hu
- Canadian Light Source Inc.University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon Saskatchewan S7 N 2 V3 Canada
| | - Craig P. Marshall
- Department of ChemistryThe University of Kansas Lawrence KS-66045 USA
- Department of GeologyThe University of Kansas Lawrence KS-66045 USA
| | - Marco Caricato
- Department of ChemistryThe University of Kansas Lawrence KS-66045 USA
| | - Bala Subramaniam
- Center for Environmentally Beneficial CatalysisThe University of Kansas Lawrence KS-66047 USA
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum EngineeringThe University of Kansas Lawrence KS-66045 USA
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25
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Uchagawkar A, Ramanathan A, Hu Y, Subramaniam B. Highly dispersed molybdenum containing mesoporous silicate (Mo-TUD-1) for olefin metathesis. Catal Today 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2019.03.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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26
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Thangarasu V, Siddharth R, Ramanathan A. Modeling of process intensification of biodiesel production from Aegle Marmelos Correa seed oil using microreactor assisted with ultrasonic mixing. Ultrason Sonochem 2020; 60:104764. [PMID: 31539722 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2019.104764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Conventionally, the batch type reactors were used for the production of biodiesel. However, in recent years, the usage of microreactors has started emerging as a significant substitute for biodiesel production due to its higher conversion rate at a short duration. These microreactors have a significantly high surface to volume ratio and high heat-mass transfer rate. The disadvantage of this type of reactors is its low mixing rate of the reagents. This can be overcome with the assistance of ultrasonic mixing. The main objective of this paper is to study the interlaced effect of a continuous flow microreactor and ultrasonic mixing on trans-esterification of Aegle Marmelos Correa seed oil using sodium methoxide catalyst. Results of microreactors with 0.3 mm and 0.8 mm diameter were compared. The effects of process parameters namely, flow rate (2-10 mL/min), reaction temperature (45-65 °C), catalyst amount (0.5-2.5 wt%), oil to methanol molar ratio (1:6-1:18) and ultrasonic mixing time (30-150 s) were studied using response surface methodology (RSM). The biodiesel yield of 98% and 91.8% were obtained for 0.3 mm and 0.8 mm microreactors, respectively. The maximum biodiesel yield observed in 0.3 mm reactor under following optimum conditions: 6.8 mL/min flow rate, 48 °C reaction temperature, 1.3 wt% catalyst, 1:9 oil to methanol molar ratio and 83 s ultrasonic mixing time. The predictive and generalization abilities of RSM and artificial neural network (ANN) models were evaluated and compared. The study showed that ANN and RSM models could predict the yield with an R2 value of 0.9955 and 0.9900 respectively. However, the ANN model predicted the yield with the least mean square error value of 0.00001294, which is much lower than RSM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinoth Thangarasu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli 620 015, India
| | - R Siddharth
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli 620 015, India
| | - Anand Ramanathan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli 620 015, India.
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Geetha K, Chellapandian M, Arulnathan N, Ramanathan A. Nano zinc oxide - An alternate zinc supplement for livestock. Vet World 2020; 13:121-126. [PMID: 32158161 PMCID: PMC7020125 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2020.121-126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM This study was aimed to investigate antimicrobial and cytotoxicity effect of nano ZnO in in vitro for the application of livestock feed supplement. MATERIALS AND METHODS Nano ZnO was synthesized by wet chemical precipitation method using zinc acetate as a precursor and sodium hydroxide was used for reducing the precursor salt. The properties of synthesized powder were characterized using ultraviolet (UV)-visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. In vitro antimicrobial activities were analyzed against the pathogenic bacteria in poultry Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Streptococcus aeruginosa. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay was conducted to analyze the cytotoxicity effect of nano ZnO. RESULTS SEM showed a spherical ZnO particle in the range of 70-100 nm. The size of the particle and purity of the sample were confirmed by XRD. The nano-sized ZnO particles exhibited the UV absorption peak at 335 nm. In FTIR spectroscopy, pure ZnO nanoparticles showed stretching vibrations at 4000-5000 cm-1. ZnO nanoparticles exhibited remarkable antibacterial activity against E. coli, S. aureus, K. pneumoniae, and S. aeruginosa bacterial strains. Cell viability was significantly reduced in a dose-dependent manner in the cytotoxicity study. CONCLUSION From the broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and the lower cytotoxicity observed at the prescribed dose, it is concluded that nano ZnO powder is a potential alternate zinc supplement for livestock.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Geetha
- Nanotechnology Division, Periyar Maniammai Institute of Science and Technology, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M. Chellapandian
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N. Arulnathan
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A. Ramanathan
- Department of Animal Husbandry, School of Agriculture and Animal Sciences, Gandhigram Rural Institute, Dindigul, Tamil Nadu, India
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Lai SL, Tan ML, Hollows RJ, Robinson M, Ibrahim M, Margielewska S, Parkinson EK, Ramanathan A, Zain RB, Mehanna H, Spruce RJ, Wei W, Chung I, Murray PG, Yap LF, Paterson IC. Collagen Induces a More Proliferative, Migratory and Chemoresistant Phenotype in Head and Neck Cancer via DDR1. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1766. [PMID: 31717573 PMCID: PMC6896141 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11111766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common cancer worldwide and includes squamous cell carcinomas of the oropharynx and oral cavity. Patient prognosis has remained poor for decades and molecular targeted therapies are not in routine use. Here we showed that the overall expression of collagen subunit genes was higher in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) than normal fibroblasts. Focusing on collagen8A1 and collagen11A1, we showed that collagen is produced by both CAFs and tumour cells, indicating that HNSCCs are collagen-rich environments. We then focused on discoidin domain receptor 1 (DDR1), a collagen-activated receptor tyrosine kinase, and showed that it is over-expressed in HNSCC tissues. Further, we demonstrated that collagen promoted the proliferation and migration of HNSCC cells and attenuated the apoptotic response to cisplatin. Knockdown of DDR1 in HNSCC cells demonstrated that these tumour-promoting effects of collagen are mediated by DDR1. Our data suggest that specific inhibitors of DDR1 might provide novel therapeutic opportunities to treat HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sook Ling Lai
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (S.L.L.); (M.L.T.); (L.F.Y.)
| | - May Leng Tan
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (S.L.L.); (M.L.T.); (L.F.Y.)
| | - Robert J. Hollows
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; (R.J.H.); (M.I.); (S.M.); (W.W.); (P.G.M.)
| | - Max Robinson
- Centre for Oral Health Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle NE2 4BW, UK;
| | - Maha Ibrahim
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; (R.J.H.); (M.I.); (S.M.); (W.W.); (P.G.M.)
- South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
| | - Sandra Margielewska
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; (R.J.H.); (M.I.); (S.M.); (W.W.); (P.G.M.)
| | - E. Kenneth Parkinson
- Centre for Immunobiology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Dentistry, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK;
| | - Anand Ramanathan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
- Oral Cancer Research & Coordinating Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
| | - Rosnah Binti Zain
- Oral Cancer Research & Coordinating Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
- Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA University, Bandar Saujana Putra 42610, Malaysia
| | - Hisham Mehanna
- Institute of Head and Neck Studies and Education (InHANSE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; (H.M.); (R.J.S.)
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Rachel J. Spruce
- Institute of Head and Neck Studies and Education (InHANSE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; (H.M.); (R.J.S.)
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Wenbin Wei
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; (R.J.H.); (M.I.); (S.M.); (W.W.); (P.G.M.)
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Ivy Chung
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
| | - Paul G. Murray
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; (R.J.H.); (M.I.); (S.M.); (W.W.); (P.G.M.)
- Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Lee Fah Yap
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (S.L.L.); (M.L.T.); (L.F.Y.)
| | - Ian C. Paterson
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (S.L.L.); (M.L.T.); (L.F.Y.)
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Kerishnan JP, Mah MK, Mohd Fawzi NAB, Ramanathan A, Lim GS, Abdul Aziz A, Balasingam U, Chen Y. The Association between Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) Past Infection with the Risk of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC). SAINS MALAYS 2019. [DOI: 10.17576/jsm-2019-4809-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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30
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Maiti SK, Ramanathan A, Subramaniam B. 110th Anniversary: Near-Total Epoxidation Selectivity and Hydrogen Peroxide Utilization with Nb-EISA Catalysts for Propylene Epoxidation. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b03461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Swarup K. Maiti
- Center for Environmentally Beneficial Catalysis, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, United States
| | - Anand Ramanathan
- Center for Environmentally Beneficial Catalysis, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, United States
| | - Bala Subramaniam
- Center for Environmentally Beneficial Catalysis, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, United States
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
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31
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Ghani WMN, Ramanathan A, Prime SS, Yang YH, Razak IA, Abdul Rahman ZA, Abraham MT, Mustafa WMW, Tay KK, Kallarakkal TG, Doss JG, Cheong SC, Bustam AZ, Zain RB. Survival of Oral Cancer Patients in Different Ethnicities. Cancer Invest 2019; 37:275-287. [DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2019.1635614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wan Maria Nabillah Ghani
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Centre (OCRCC), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Anand Ramanathan
- Department of Oro-Maxillofacial Surgical and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Stephen Stewart Prime
- Centre for Clinical and Diagnostic Oral Sciences, Institute of Dentistry, Barts and the London School of Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Yi-Hsin Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ishak Abdul Razak
- Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA University, Bandar Saujana Putra, Malaysia
| | - Zainal Ariff Abdul Rahman
- Department of Oro-Maxillofacial Surgical and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | | | - Keng Kiong Tay
- Oral Health Division, Ministry of Health, Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | - Thomas George Kallarakkal
- Department of Oro-Maxillofacial Surgical and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jennifer Geraldine Doss
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Centre (OCRCC), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Community Oral Health and Clinical Prevention, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Malaysia Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sok Ching Cheong
- Oral Cancer Research Team, Cancer Research Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Anita Zarina Bustam
- Clinical Oncology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rosnah Binti Zain
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Centre (OCRCC), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA University, Bandar Saujana Putra, Malaysia
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Al-Afifi NA, Alabsi AM, Shaghayegh G, Ramanathan A, Ali R, Alkoshab M, Bakri MM. The in vitro and in vivo antitumor effects of Dracaena cinnabari resin extract on oral cancer. Arch Oral Biol 2019; 104:77-89. [PMID: 31176147 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2019.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the potential for apoptosis induction of Dracaena cinnabari Balf. f methanolic extract (DCBME) on tongue squamous cell carcinoma cell line, H103. We evaluated the chemopreventive activity of DCBME against 4-nitroquinolone-1-oxide (4NQO)-induced tongue carcinogenesis in rat. DESIGN Phase contrast microscope, acridine orange/propidium iodide (AO/PI) analysis of cells under fluorescence microscope, annexin-V flow-cytometry, DNA fragmentation, mitochondrial membrane potential, and caspase 3/7, 8 and 9 assays were performed. In vivo study, the rats were given 4NQO in their drinking water. The tongue was subjected to histopathological study to evaluate the incidence of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). RESULTS DCBME showed cytotoxic effect on H103 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Furthermore, DCBME showed low cytotoxic effect on a normal cell line. In H103 cells, it caused cell morphology changes, S and G2/M-phase cell cycle arrest, significant reduction of cell migration and induced apoptosis through the intrinsic (mitochondrial) pathway. The incidence of SCC was 85.7% in the induced cancer and vehicle groups while in rats treated with DCBME at 100, 500 and 1000 mg/kg was 57.1%, 28.6% and 14.3%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS (DCBME)-apoptosis induction reported in this work can be exploited as a potential antitumor agent with applications in medicinal treatments of tongue SCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nashwan Abdullah Al-Afifi
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Aied M Alabsi
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Oral Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA University, Bandar Saujana Putra, 42610 Jenjarom Kuala Langat, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Gohar Shaghayegh
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Anand Ramanathan
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rola Ali
- Department of Oral Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA University, Bandar Saujana Putra, 42610 Jenjarom Kuala Langat, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - May Alkoshab
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Marina Mohd Bakri
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Haron N, Zain RB, Ramanathan A, Abraham MT, Liew CS, Ng KG, Cheng LC, Husin RB, Chong SMY, Thangavalu LA, Mat A, Ismail HB, Mahalingam SA, Cheong SC. m-Health for Early Detection of Oral Cancer in Low- and Middle-Income Countries. Telemed J E Health 2019; 26:278-285. [PMID: 31081720 DOI: 10.1089/tmj.2018.0285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Up to 86% of oral cancer (OC) patients present at the late stage where survival is dismal. Limited access to specialist diagnosis is a significant factor for late presentation. The increasing use of smartphones presents an opportunity to use digital technology to facilitate early detection of OC. Aim: To evaluate the feasibility of using Mobile Mouth Screening Anywhere (MeMoSA®) to facilitate early detection of OC. Methods: A mobile phone app named MeMoSA was developed and the feasibility of integrating this for documentation of oral lesions, and communication between dentists and specialists for management decisions were evaluated. The experience of dentists and specialists in using MeMoSA was determined using qualitative questionnaires. Results: Communication between specialist and dentists using MeMoSA stratified cases and streamlined referral of patients. Twelve of 48 patients were found to have oral lesions or signs suspicious of cancer and 3 required referrals. The patient's compliance for referral was tracked with MeMoSA. All dentists agreed that MeMoSA could facilitate early detection of OC and believed that MeMoSA could assist in the identification of oral mucosal lesions through direct communication with specialists and continuous learning in the recognition of high-risk lesions. Conclusions: MeMoSA has the potential to be used to promote equitable health care and streamline patient management that could result in early detection of OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabihah Haron
- Head and Neck Cancer Research Team, Cancer Research Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rosnah Binti Zain
- Faculty of Dentistry, Saujana Putra Campus, MAHSA University, Selangor, Malaysia.,Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Centre, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Anand Ramanathan
- Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Centre, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mannil Thomas Abraham
- Oral Surgery Clinic, Hospital Tengku Ampuan Rahimah, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia.,Oral Health Program, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | - Chee Sun Liew
- Data Intensive Computing Centre, Research Management and Innovation Complex, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kheng Ghee Ng
- Data Intensive Computing Centre, Research Management and Innovation Complex, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Lai Choo Cheng
- Oral Health Program, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | | | - Sherrie Mei Yee Chong
- Oral Surgery Clinic, Hospital Tengku Ampuan Rahimah, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia.,Oral Health Program, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | | | - Azizah Mat
- Oral Health Program, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | | | | | - Sok Ching Cheong
- Head and Neck Cancer Research Team, Cancer Research Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
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Goud EVSS, Malleedi S, Ramanathan A, Wong GR, Hwei Ern BT, Yean GY, Ann HH, Syan TY, Zain RM. Association of Interleukin-10 Genotypes and Oral Cancer Susceptibility in Selected Malaysian Population: A Case-
Control Study. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2019; 20:935-941. [PMID: 30912418 PMCID: PMC6825797 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2019.20.3.935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Interleukin-10 (IL10) genotypes have been closely correlated to the susceptibility for oral squamous cell carcinoma. More than half of oral cancers in the world occur in Asia with estimated 168,850 new cases were diagnosed in this geographical region alone. Considering the rising numbers of oral cancer cases in Malaysia, association of IL10 A1082G gene polymorphism was correlated. Methodology: 41 oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cases and 48 healthy controls of comparable age, gender, and with habits like smoking, alcohol consumption and betel quid chewing were selected. In this case-control study, samples were collected from the Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Centre (OCRCC), Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Malaysia. Genotyping conditions were evaluated by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). The PCR products were subjected to digestion by MnlI enzyme (NEB, UK) to screen for the IL10 A-1082G. Digested DNA products were analyzed by electrophoresis on 4% (w/v) agarose gel, stained with ethidium bromide and imaged under UV illumination. Chi-square test and Fisher’s Exact test were used in statistical analysis. Results: AG genotypes were present in 81.3% and 86.0% of healthy control and OSCC cases respectively (OR=0.468, 95% CI=0.133-1.653). No significant association was found between IL10 A1082G polymorphism with risk habits, clinico-pathological parameters and 5-years overall survival. The findings also show no significant correlation between the IL10 genotype and features of OSCC within the case group as measured by tumor size, lymph node involvement, stage, invasive front, grading, depth, pattern of invasion. Conclusion: This study suggests that functional polymorphism AG of IL10 A1082G may have no influence with OSCC susceptibility. However, further investigation with larger sample sizes can be conducted to provide additional evidence to support the lack of association of IL10 A1082G polymorphism in oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- E V Soma Sekhar Goud
- Department of Oral Maxillo-Facial Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Shanthi Malleedi
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Anand Ramanathan
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Centre (OCRCC), Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Gou Rean Wong
- Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Centre (OCRCC), Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Beatrix Tan Hwei Ern
- Department of Oral Maxillo-Facial Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Goh Yin Yean
- Department of Oral Maxillo-Facial Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Ho Hui Ann
- Department of Oral Maxillo-Facial Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Tan Yuen Syan
- Department of Oral Maxillo-Facial Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Rosnah Mohd Zain
- Department of Oral Maxillo-Facial Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. ,Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Centre (OCRCC), Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
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Ghani WMN, Razak IA, Doss JG, Ramanathan A, Tahir Z, Ridzuan NA, Edgar S, Zain RB. Mouth self-examination as a screening tool for oral potentially malignant disorders among a high-risk Indigenous population. J Public Health Dent 2019; 79:222-230. [PMID: 30848842 DOI: 10.1111/jphd.12313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the efficacy of mouth self-examination (MSE) as a self-screening tool for detection of oral mucosal lesions among an Indigenous population in Malaysia at high risk for oral premalignant and malignant disorders. METHODS Two villages were selected as the sampling frame based on prevalence of tobacco and betel quid chewing habit. Respondents were asked to check their mouth for presence of lesion or abnormalities. Education on oral cancer, including MSE, was provided. Subsequently, respondents were asked to perform MSE. Finally, a clinical oral examination (COE) was done by a specialist and the presence of oral mucosal lesions was recorded. RESULTS Almost 64.5 percent of respondents exhibited high levels of difficulty and low mucosal visualization and retracting ability, whereas 3.0 percent demonstrated high attention level when performing MSE. Prevalence of oral mucosal lesions was 59.0 percent, whereas the prevalence of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) was 9.0 percent. Detection of oral lesions by respondents using MSE was lower than detection by the gold standard. Sensitivity and specificity of MSE for detection of all types of lesions were 8.6 and 95.0 percent respectively. When analyzing each lesion type separately, MSE was found to be most sensitive in detection of swellings (10.0 percent), and most specific in identifying white lesions (97.8 percent). For detection of OPMDs, although specificity was high (98.9 percent), sensitivity (0 percent), and +LR (0) was poor. CONCLUSION MSE is not an effective self-screening tool for early detection of potentially malignant lesions for this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Maria Nabillah Ghani
- Oral Cancer Research & Coordinating Centre (OCRCC), Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ishak Abdul Razak
- Oral Cancer Research & Coordinating Centre (OCRCC), Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA University, Jenjarom, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Jennifer Geraldine Doss
- Oral Cancer Research & Coordinating Centre (OCRCC), Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Department of Community Oral Health & Clinical Prevention, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Anand Ramanathan
- Department of Oro-maxillofacial Surgical & Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Zaiton Tahir
- Pejabat Pergigian Kota Belud, Kota Belud, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Anis Ridzuan
- Oral Cancer Research & Coordinating Centre (OCRCC), Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Suzanna Edgar
- Oral Cancer Research & Coordinating Centre (OCRCC), Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rosnah Binti Zain
- Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA University, Jenjarom, Selangor, Malaysia.,Faculty of Dentistry, University Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
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36
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Kallarakkal T, Ramanathan A, Pateel D, Wong G, Yang YH, Zaini Z, Ibrahim N, Kohli S, Durward C, Zain R. Effectiveness of “OralDETECT”- A Spaced Repetitive Learning Method - As a Competency Assessment Tool for Early Detection of Oral Cancer. J Glob Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1200/jgo.18.65900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Head and neck cancer is the sixth most common cancer worldwide. It is generally acknowledged that the early diagnosis of oral cancer may result in higher 5-year survival rates, less need for aggressive treatment and improved quality-of-life. There is therefore a need for a quantifiable, reliable and competency-based educational tool which can be used to train dentists and other health care providers in the early detection of oral cancers. Aim: To assess the effectiveness of “OralDETECT” spaced repetitive learning method for training dental professionals to become competent in the early detection of oral cancer. Methods: The current study involved training three dental professional groups: Oral Pathology/Oral Medicine/Oral Surgery specialists (x), Periodontists/Restorative dentists (y), General Dental Practitioners (z) and four undergraduate cohorts comprising 259 dental students from 3 different Malaysian dental schools. A structured one-day training program “OralDETECT” was conducted, consisting of a well-planned series of lectures, tests and discussions of the test answers. During the spaced discussions participants were trained on how to ask appropriate questions and look for clinical clues to arrive at the correct diagnosis of target [oral potentially malignant disorders/oral cancer (OPMD/OC)] and other nontarget lesions. The tests comprised one pretest and 4 posttests for the dental professional group, and one pretest and 3 posttests for the student groups. The overall and group mean scores were analyzed for all the tests conducted. The statistical evaluation was based on the percentage of correct answers (scores) for each test given by the participants. Repeated-measure ANOVA and post hoc Bonferroni´s test were carried out to examine the differences between test scores overall and for each group. All statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS software, where P values < 0.005 were considered significant. Results: The overall percentage of correct responses for both the dental professional and student groups increased from a minimum of 30% to above 80% from the pretest to the final posttest. There were significant differences in overall scores between all 4 posttests and the pretest for dental professional groups, and between all 3 posttests and the pretest for all student groups. The percentage of accuracy of diagnosis for the individual lesions (leukoplakia, lichen planus, erythroplakia, oral submucous fibrosis and suspicious of oral cancer) increased to > 80% for the Dental Professional groups. The percentage of diagnostic accuracy for the individual lesions also increased to > 80% (except for erythroplakia) for the student groups. Conclusion: Based on the results of our study the “OralDETECT” spaced repetitive learning method is an efficient and effective competency-based learning tool for teaching the early detection of OPMD and oral cancer among dental professionals and dental students.
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Affiliation(s)
- T.G. Kallarakkal
- University of Malaya/Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Kuala Lulumpur, Malaysia
| | - A. Ramanathan
- University of Malaya/Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Kuala Lulumpur, Malaysia
| | - D.G.S. Pateel
- University of Malaya/Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Kuala Lulumpur, Malaysia
| | - G.R. Wong
- University of Malaya/Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Kuala Lulumpur, Malaysia
| | - Y.-H. Yang
- University of Malaya/Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Kuala Lulumpur, Malaysia
| | - Z.B.M. Zaini
- University of Malaya/Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Kuala Lulumpur, Malaysia
| | - N. Ibrahim
- University of Malaya/Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Kuala Lulumpur, Malaysia
| | - S. Kohli
- University of Malaya/Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Kuala Lulumpur, Malaysia
| | - C. Durward
- University of Malaya/Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Kuala Lulumpur, Malaysia
| | - R.B.M. Zain
- University of Malaya/Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Kuala Lulumpur, Malaysia
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37
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Razak I, Ghani W, Doss J, Ramanathan A, Tahir Z, Ridzuan N, Edgar S, Zain R. Mouth Self-Examination (MSE) As a Screening Tool for Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders Among a High-Risk Indigenous Population With a Low Socioeconomic Status. J Glob Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1200/jgo.18.37700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Oral cancer can be preceded by a group of conditions termed oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs). Oral cancers are associated with a 5-year survival of less than 50%, largely attributed to diagnoses at advanced stages. As pain associated with oral cancer manifests only at late stages, delay in detection often occurs. Screening has been found to aid in detection at an early stage, however it is only feasible if targeted toward high risk individuals. Mouth self-examination (MSE) is a relatively quick, inexpensive and simple to perform method of screening. Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of MSE as a screening tool for detection of oral mucosal lesions and OPMDs in a high risk indigenous population with a high prevalence of tobacco and betel quid chewing habit. Methods: Two villages were selected as the sampling frame based on prevalence of tobacco and betel quid chewing habit. Respondents were asked to check their mouth for presence of lesion or abnormalities. Education on oral cancer, including MSE was provided. Subsequently, respondents were asked to perform MSE. Finally, a comprehensive oral examination (COE) was done by a specialist and the presence of oral mucosal lesions was recorded. Results: Almost 64.5% of respondents exhibited high levels of difficulty and low mucosal visualization and retracting ability, whereas 3.0% demonstrated high attention level when performing MSE. Prevalence of oral mucosal lesions was 59.0%, whereas the prevalence of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) was 9.0%. Detection of oral lesions by respondents using MSE was lower than detection by the gold standard. Sensitivity and specificity of MSE for detection of all types of lesions were 8.6% and 95.0% respectively. When analyzing each lesion type separately, MSE was found to be most sensitive in detection of swellings (10.0%), and most specific in identifying red lesions (100.0%). For detection of OPMDs, MSE yielded a high specificity of 98.9%, with an accuracy rate of 91.8%. Conclusion: MSE is a potentially good screening tool for OPMDs and oral cancer; however, awareness level of the public on oral cancer and its associated signs and symptoms needs to be improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- I.A. Razak
- MAHSA University, Bandar Saujana Putra, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - W.M.N. Ghani
- MAHSA University, Bandar Saujana Putra, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - J.G. Doss
- MAHSA University, Bandar Saujana Putra, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - A. Ramanathan
- MAHSA University, Bandar Saujana Putra, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Z. Tahir
- MAHSA University, Bandar Saujana Putra, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - N.A. Ridzuan
- MAHSA University, Bandar Saujana Putra, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - S. Edgar
- MAHSA University, Bandar Saujana Putra, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - R.B. Zain
- MAHSA University, Bandar Saujana Putra, Selangor, Malaysia
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Karim Z, Kallarakkal T, Amtha R, Guledgud M, Telang A, Ramanathan A, Zaini Z, Gunardi I, Telang L, Yang Y, Patil K, Doddawad V, Kamaraj L, Saikrishna D, Warnakulasuriya S, Zain R. Combination of Cytopathology and DNA Ploidy Increases the Performance of Oral Epithelial Dysplasia Prediction in Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders. J Glob Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1200/jgo.18.67600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Grading of oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) by a pathologist is currently the key guide used for treatment planning of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs). Conventional oral examination (COE) clinically detects OPMDs but may not predict their risk status to transform to cancer. Therefore, there is a need for a reliable test to predict OED in OPMDs. Aim: This study was conducted to evaluate COE, liquid based cytology (Cytopath) and DNA image cytometry (Ploidy) in predicting OED in OPMDs. Methods: A total of 179 patients from Malaysia, India and Indonesia underwent COE followed by brush biopsies and scalpel biopsies. Brush-biopsy samples were analyzed for cytopathology and DNA ploidy at Dental Faculty, University of Malaya. Histopathological findings of presence/absence of OED were used as the reference standard. Calculations for sensitivity (Sn), specificity (Sp), positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and accuracy (A) were done for individual tools and in combinations. The Youden index (Sn+Sp-1) was used as a measure of overall performance. The relevant medical ethics committees of the different research locations approved the study. Results: For COE, the sensitivity (Sn) was high (100%) and the specificity (Sp) was low (5.9%), while both Cytopath and Ploidy showed a low sensitivity (Sn) (28.6% and 22.2%) and high specificity (Sp) (94.3% and 82.3%). All 3 tools individually have high negative predictive value (NPV) for predicting presence of OED (COE-100%, Cytopath-66.7%, Ploidy-78.5%). When combining outcomes from all 3 tools, the best performance indicated by Youden index (42.1) is which defines a positive case when both COE and Cytopath show abnormal. In general, using results from at least 2 tools had better Youden indices than using these tools individually. Conclusion: COE as a screening tool by virtue of its high Sn would be a suitable first level diagnostic test, while the Cytopath and the Ploidy individually with high Sp may be used as a second level test to predict presence of OED. Combining the COE with cytopathology would be the best combination for a high performance of the tools. Cytopathology (when performed by a trained cytologist) would allow for most of the false positives from the first level test to be correctly identified as true negative at the second level. Longitudinal data are needed to assess which of these may correctly identify the malignant potential of OPMDs. Acknowledgment: Grant: High Impact Research - Ministry of Higher Education (HIR-MOHE UM000025/C3)
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Affiliation(s)
- Z.B.A. Karim
- Klinik Pakar Bedah Mulut, Hospital Seberang Jaya, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Seberang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - T.G. Kallarakkal
- Klinik Pakar Bedah Mulut, Hospital Seberang Jaya, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Seberang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - R. Amtha
- Klinik Pakar Bedah Mulut, Hospital Seberang Jaya, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Seberang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - M.V. Guledgud
- Klinik Pakar Bedah Mulut, Hospital Seberang Jaya, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Seberang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - A. Telang
- Klinik Pakar Bedah Mulut, Hospital Seberang Jaya, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Seberang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - A. Ramanathan
- Klinik Pakar Bedah Mulut, Hospital Seberang Jaya, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Seberang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Z. Zaini
- Klinik Pakar Bedah Mulut, Hospital Seberang Jaya, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Seberang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - I. Gunardi
- Klinik Pakar Bedah Mulut, Hospital Seberang Jaya, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Seberang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - L.A. Telang
- Klinik Pakar Bedah Mulut, Hospital Seberang Jaya, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Seberang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Y.H. Yang
- Klinik Pakar Bedah Mulut, Hospital Seberang Jaya, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Seberang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - K. Patil
- Klinik Pakar Bedah Mulut, Hospital Seberang Jaya, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Seberang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - V.G. Doddawad
- Klinik Pakar Bedah Mulut, Hospital Seberang Jaya, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Seberang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - L. Kamaraj
- Klinik Pakar Bedah Mulut, Hospital Seberang Jaya, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Seberang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - D. Saikrishna
- Klinik Pakar Bedah Mulut, Hospital Seberang Jaya, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Seberang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - S. Warnakulasuriya
- Klinik Pakar Bedah Mulut, Hospital Seberang Jaya, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Seberang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - R.B. Zain
- Klinik Pakar Bedah Mulut, Hospital Seberang Jaya, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Seberang Jaya, Malaysia
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Wu JF, Ramanathan A, Biancardi A, Jystad AM, Caricato M, Hu Y, Subramaniam B. Correlation of Active Site Precursors and Olefin Metathesis Activity in W-Incorporated Silicates. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b03263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Feng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic of China
- Center for Environmentally Beneficial Catalysis, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, United States
| | - Anand Ramanathan
- Center for Environmentally Beneficial Catalysis, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, United States
| | - Alessandro Biancardi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Amy Marie Jystad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Marco Caricato
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Yongfeng Hu
- Canadian Light Source Inc., University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 2V3, Canada
| | - Bala Subramaniam
- Center for Environmentally Beneficial Catalysis, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, United States
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
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Zhu H, Ramanathan A, Wu JF, Subramaniam B. Genesis of Strong Brønsted Acid Sites in WZr-KIT-6 Catalysts and Enhancement of Ethanol Dehydration Activity. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b00480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongda Zhu
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
- Center for Environmentally Beneficial Catalysis, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, United States
| | - Anand Ramanathan
- Center for Environmentally Beneficial Catalysis, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, United States
| | - Jian-Feng Wu
- Center for Environmentally Beneficial Catalysis, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, United States
| | - Bala Subramaniam
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
- Center for Environmentally Beneficial Catalysis, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, United States
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Ramanathan A, Subramaniam B. Erratum: Ramanathan, A.; et al. Metal-Incorporated Mesoporous Silicates: Tunable Catalytic Properties and Applications. Molecules 2018, 23, 263. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23040853. [PMID: 29642516 PMCID: PMC6017615 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23040853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anand Ramanathan
- Center for Environmentally Beneficial Catalysis, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA.
| | - Bala Subramaniam
- Center for Environmentally Beneficial Catalysis, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA.
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA.
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Al-Afifi NA, Alabsi AM, Bakri MM, Ramanathan A. Acute and sub-acute oral toxicity of Dracaena cinnabari resin methanol extract in rats. BMC Complement Altern Med 2018; 18:50. [PMID: 29402248 PMCID: PMC5800047 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2110-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dracaena cinnabari (DC) is a perennial tree that located on the Southern coast of Yemen native to the Socotra Island. This tree produces a deep red resin known as the Dragon's blood, the Twobrother's Blood or Damm Alakhwain. The current study performed to evaluate the safety of the DC resin methanol extract after a single or 28 consecutive daily oral administrations. METHODS In assessing the safety of DC resin methanol extract, acute and sub-acute oral toxicity tests performed following OECD guidelines 423 and 407, respectively, with slight modifications. In acute oral toxicity test, DC resin methanol extract administered to female Sprague Dawley rats by oral gavage at a single dose of 300 and 2000 mg/kg body weight. Rats observed for toxic signs for 14 days. In sub-acute oral toxicity test, DC resin methanol extract administered to the rats by oral gavage at 500, 1000, and 1500 mg/kg body weight daily up to 28 days to male and female Spradgue Dawley rats. The control and high dose in satellite groups were also maintained and handled as the previous groups to determine the late onset toxicity of DC resin methanol extract. At the end of each test, hematological and biochemical analysis of the collected blood were performed as well as gross and microscopic pathology. RESULTS In acute oral toxicity, no treatment-related death or toxic signs were observed. It revealed that the DC resin methanol extract could be well tolerated up to the dose 2000 mg/kg body weight and could be classified as Category 5. The sub-acute test observations indicated that there are no treatment-related changes up to the high dose level compared to the control. Food consumption, body weight, organ weight, hematological parameters, biochemical parameters and histopathological examination (liver, kidney, heart, spleen and lung) revealed no abnormalities. Water intake was significantly higher in the DC resin methanol extract treated groups compared to the control. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates tolerability of DC resin methanol extract administered daily for 28 days up to 1500 mg/kg dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nashwan Abdullah Al-Afifi
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Aied Mohammed Alabsi
- Department of Oral Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA University, 42610 Jenjarom, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Marina Mohd Bakri
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Anand Ramanathan
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603 Malaysia
- Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603 Malaysia
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Chher T, Hak S, Kallarakkal TG, Durward C, Ramanathan A, Ghani WMN, Razak IA, Harun MH, Ashar NAM, Rajandram RK, Prak P, Hussaini HM, Zain RB. Prevalence of oral cancer, oral potentially malignant disorders and other oral mucosal lesions in Cambodia. Ethn Health 2018; 23:1-15. [PMID: 27781495 DOI: 10.1080/13557858.2016.1246431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To obtain data on the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions (OMLs) among Cambodians, and to assess the relationship between known risk habits of oral diseases with prevalence of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs). DESIGN This was a population-based, cross-sectional study whereby subjects were adults aged 18 years old and above. A workshop on the identification of OML was held to train and calibrate dental officers prior to data collection in the field. Sociodemographic and risk habits data were collected via face-to-face interview, whilst presence of OML and clinical details of lesions such as type and site were collected following clinical oral examination by the examiners. Data analysis was carried out using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 12.0. The association between risk habits and risk of OPMD was explored using logistic regression analysis. RESULTS A total of 1634 subjects were recruited. Prevalence of OML for this population was 54.1%. Linea alba was the most common lesion seen (28.7%). This study showed an overall OPMD prevalence of 5.6%. The most common type of OPMD was leukoplakia (64.8%), followed by lichen planus (30.8%). Subjects who only smoked were found to have an increased risk for OPMD of almost four-fold (RR 3.74, 95%CI 1.89-7.41). The highest risk was found for betel quid chewers, where the increased risk observed was more than six times (RR 6.75, 95%CI 3.32-13.72). Alcohol consumption on its own did not seem to confer an increased risk for OPMD, however when practiced concurrently with smoking, a significant risk of more than five times was noted (RR 5.69 95%CI 3.14-10.29). CONCLUSION The prevalence of OML was 54.1%, with linea alba being the most commonly occurring lesion. Smoking, alcohol consumption and betel quid chewing were found to be associated with the prevalence of OPMD, which was 5.6%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tepirou Chher
- a Department of Preventive Medicine , Oral Health Bureau, Ministry of Health , Phnom Penh , Cambodia
| | - Sithan Hak
- a Department of Preventive Medicine , Oral Health Bureau, Ministry of Health , Phnom Penh , Cambodia
| | - Thomas George Kallarakkal
- b Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry , University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
- c Oral Cancer Research & Coordinating Centre (OCRCC), Faculty of Dentistry , University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - Callum Durward
- d Faculty of Health Sciences , University of Puthisastra , Phnom Penh , Cambodia
| | - Anand Ramanathan
- b Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry , University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
- c Oral Cancer Research & Coordinating Centre (OCRCC), Faculty of Dentistry , University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - Wan Maria Nabillah Ghani
- c Oral Cancer Research & Coordinating Centre (OCRCC), Faculty of Dentistry , University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - Ishak Abdul Razak
- c Oral Cancer Research & Coordinating Centre (OCRCC), Faculty of Dentistry , University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
- e Department of Community Oral Health & Clinical Prevention , Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - Masitah Hayati Harun
- f Department of Oral Medicine & Oral Pathology , School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia , Kubang Kerian , Malaysia
| | - Nor Atika Md Ashar
- g Department of Clinical Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry , Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia , Selangor , Malaysia
| | - Rama Krsna Rajandram
- h Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry , Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia , Selangor , Malaysia
| | - Pisethraingsey Prak
- a Department of Preventive Medicine , Oral Health Bureau, Ministry of Health , Phnom Penh , Cambodia
| | - Haizal Mohd Hussaini
- i Department of Oral Diagnostic & Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry , University of Otago , New Zealand
| | - Rosnah Binti Zain
- b Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry , University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
- c Oral Cancer Research & Coordinating Centre (OCRCC), Faculty of Dentistry , University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
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Sava P, Ramanathan A, Dobronyi A, Peng X, Sun H, Ledesma-Mendoza A, Herzog EL, Gonzalez AL. Human pericytes adopt myofibroblast properties in the microenvironment of the IPF lung. JCI Insight 2017; 2:96352. [PMID: 29263297 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.96352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fatal disease of unknown etiology characterized by a compositionally and mechanically altered extracellular matrix. Poor understanding of the origin of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expressing myofibroblasts has hindered curative therapies. Though proposed as a source of myofibroblasts in mammalian tissues, identification of microvascular pericytes (PC) as contributors to α-SMA-expressing populations in human IPF and the mechanisms driving this accumulation remain unexplored. Here, we demonstrate enhanced detection of α-SMA+ cells coexpressing the PC marker neural/glial antigen 2 in the human IPF lung. Isolated human PC cultured on decellularized IPF lung matrices adopt expression of α-SMA, demonstrating that these cells undergo phenotypic transition in response to direct contact with the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the fibrotic human lung. Using potentially novel human lung-conjugated hydrogels with tunable mechanical properties, we decoupled PC responses to matrix composition and stiffness to show that α-SMA+ PC accumulate in a mechanosensitive manner independent of matrix composition. PC activated with TGF-β1 remodel the normal lung matrix, increasing tissue stiffness to facilitate the emergence of α-SMA+ PC via MKL-1/MTRFA mechanotranduction. Nintedanib, a tyrosine-kinase inhibitor approved for IPF treatment, restores the elastic modulus of fibrotic lung matrices to reverse the α-SMA+ phenotype. This work furthers our understanding of the role that microvascular PC play in the evolution of IPF, describes the creation of an ex vivo platform that advances the study of fibrosis, and presents a potentially novel mode of action for a commonly used antifibrotic therapy that has great relevance for human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parid Sava
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Anand Ramanathan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Amelia Dobronyi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Xueyan Peng
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Huanxing Sun
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | | | - Erica L Herzog
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Anjelica L Gonzalez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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Eng V, Jean T, Pourang D, Ramanathan A, Eichhorn K, Hever A, Samant S. P264 IGG4-related orbital disease with anca positivity: a case report. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2017.08.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Ramanathan A, Srijaya TC, Sukumaran P, Zain RB, Abu Kasim NH. Homeobox genes and tooth development: Understanding the biological pathways and applications in regenerative dental science. Arch Oral Biol 2017; 85:23-39. [PMID: 29031235 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2017.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Homeobox genes are a group of conserved class of transcription factors that function as key regulators during the embryonic developmental processes. They act as master regulator for developmental genes, which involves coordinated actions of various auto and cross-regulatory mechanisms. In this review, we summarize the expression pattern of homeobox genes in relation to the tooth development and various signaling pathways or molecules contributing to the specific actions of these genes in the regulation of odontogenesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS An electronic search was undertaken using combination of keywords e.g. Homeobox genes, tooth development, dental diseases, stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, gene control region was used as search terms in PubMed and Web of Science and relevant full text articles and abstract were retrieved that were written in English. A manual hand search in text books were also carried out. Articles related to homeobox genes in dentistry and tissue engineering and regenerative medicine of odontogenesis were selected. RESULTS The possible perspective of stem cells technology in odontogenesis and subsequent analysis of gene correction pertaining to dental disorders through the possibility of induced pluripotent stem cells technology is also inferred. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate the promising role of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine on odontogenesis, which can generate a new ray of hope in the field of dental science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand Ramanathan
- Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Center, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Clinical Science, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | | | - Prema Sukumaran
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Rosnah Binti Zain
- Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Center, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Clinical Science, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA University, Jenjarom, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Noor Hayaty Abu Kasim
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Manu D, Pramoda S, Ramanathan A, Ramchander S, Manonmani S, Jeyaprakash P, Robin S. Isolation, Characterization and Pathogenesis of Ustilaginoidea virens Causing False Smut Disease in Rice (Oryza sativa L.). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.20546/ijcmas.2017.607.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Lauridsen HM, Pellowe AS, Ramanathan A, Liu R, Miller-Jensen K, McNiff JM, Pober JS, Gonzalez AL. Tumor Necrosis Factor-α and IL-17A Activation Induces Pericyte-Mediated Basement Membrane Remodeling in Human Neutrophilic Dermatoses. Am J Pathol 2017; 187:1893-1906. [PMID: 28609645 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2017.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Sweet syndrome (SS) is a prototypical neutrophilic dermatosis, a class of inflammatory diseases marked by elevated levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IL-17A, pathologic neutrophil recruitment, and microvascular remodeling. Histologic analyses of four matrix proteins-collagen I and IV, laminin, and fibronectin-in skin biopsies of patients with SS reveal that the basement membrane of dermal postcapillary venules undergoes changes in structure and composition. Increased neutrophil recruitment in vivo was associated with increases in collagen IV, decreases in laminin, and varied changes in fibronectin. In vitro studies using TNF-α and IL-17A were conducted to dissect basement membrane remodeling. Prolonged dual activation of cultured human pericytes with TNF-α and IL-17A augmented collagen IV production, similar to in vivo remodeling. Co-activation of pericytes with TNF-α and IL-17A also elevated fibronectin levels with little direct effect on laminin. However, the expression of fibronectin- and laminin-specific matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), particularly MMP-3, was significantly up-regulated. Interactions between pericytes and neutrophils in culture yielded even higher levels of active MMPs, facilitating fibronectin and laminin degradation, and likely contributing to the varied levels of detectable fibronectin and the decreases in laminin observed in vivo. These data indicate that pericyte-neutrophil interactions play a role in mediating microvascular changes in SS and suggest that targeting MMP-3 may be effective in protecting vascular wall integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly M Lauridsen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Amanda S Pellowe
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Anand Ramanathan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Rebecca Liu
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | | | - Jennifer M McNiff
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Jordan S Pober
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut; Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Anjelica L Gonzalez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut.
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Vincent-Chong VK, Salahshourifar I, Woo KM, Anwar A, Razali R, Gudimella R, Rahman ZAA, Ismail SM, Kallarakkal TG, Ramanathan A, Wan Mustafa WM, Abraham MT, Tay KK, Zain RB. Genome wide profiling in oral squamous cell carcinoma identifies a four genetic marker signature of prognostic significance. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0174865. [PMID: 28384287 PMCID: PMC5383235 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancers of the oral cavity are primarily oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs). Many of the OSCCs present at late stages with an exceptionally poor prognosis. A probable limitation in management of patients with OSCC lies in the insufficient knowledge pertaining to the linkage between copy number alterations in OSCC and oral tumourigenesis thereby resulting in an inability to deliver targeted therapy. OBJECTIVES The current study aimed to identify copy number alterations (CNAs) in OSCC using array comparative genomic hybridization (array CGH) and to correlate the CNAs with clinico-pathologic parameters and clinical outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using array CGH, genome-wide profiling was performed on 75 OSCCs. Selected genes that were harboured in the frequently amplified and deleted regions were validated using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Thereafter, pathway and network functional analysis were carried out using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) software. RESULTS Multiple chromosomal regions including 3q, 5p, 7p, 8q, 9p, 10p, 11q were frequently amplified, while 3p and 8p chromosomal regions were frequently deleted. These findings were in confirmation with our previous study using ultra-dense array CGH. In addition, amplification of 8q, 11q, 7p and 9p and deletion of 8p chromosomal regions showed a significant correlation with clinico-pathologic parameters such as the size of the tumour, metastatic lymph nodes and pathological staging. Co-amplification of 7p, 8q, 9p and 11q regions that harbored amplified genes namely CCND1, EGFR, TPM2 and LRP12 respectively, when combined, continues to be an independent prognostic factor in OSCC. CONCLUSION Amplification of 3q, 5p, 7p, 8q, 9p, 10p, 11q and deletion of 3p and 8p chromosomal regions were recurrent among OSCC patients. Co-alteration of 7p, 8q, 9p and 11q was found to be associated with clinico-pathologic parameters and poor survival. These regions contain genes that play critical roles in tumourigenesis pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vui King Vincent-Chong
- Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Iman Salahshourifar
- Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kar Mun Woo
- Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Arif Anwar
- Sengenics Sdn Bhd, High Impact Research (HIR) Building, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rozaimi Razali
- Sengenics Sdn Bhd, High Impact Research (HIR) Building, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ranganath Gudimella
- Sengenics Sdn Bhd, High Impact Research (HIR) Building, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Zainal Ariff Abdul Rahman
- Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Siti Mazlipah Ismail
- Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Thomas George Kallarakkal
- Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Anand Ramanathan
- Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Mannil Thomas Abraham
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital Tengku Ampuan Rahimah, Klang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Keng Kiong Tay
- Department of Oral Surgery, Hospital Umum Kuching, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Rosnah Binti Zain
- Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- * E-mail:
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Haron N, Zain RB, Nabillah WM, Saleh A, Kallarakkal TG, Ramanathan A, Sinon SHM, Razak IA, Cheong SC. Mobile Phone Imaging in Low Resource Settings for Early Detection of Oral Cancer and Concordance with Clinical Oral Examination. Telemed J E Health 2017; 23:192-199. [DOI: 10.1089/tmj.2016.0128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nabihah Haron
- Outreach Team, Cancer Research Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Rosnah Binti Zain
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Centre (OCRCC), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Wan Maria Nabillah
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Amyza Saleh
- Outreach Team, Cancer Research Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Thomas George Kallarakkal
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Centre (OCRCC), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Anand Ramanathan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Centre (OCRCC), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Suraya Hani Mohd Sinon
- Department of Oral Pathology and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ishak Abdul Razak
- Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Centre (OCRCC), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Community Oral Health & Clinical Prevention, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sok Ching Cheong
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Oral Cancer Research Team, Cancer Research Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
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