1
|
Saboor M, Hamali HA, Mobarki AA, Madkhali AM, Dboie G. Exploring antithrombin: insights into its physiological features, clinical implications and analytical techniques. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 2024; 35:43-48. [PMID: 38179715 DOI: 10.1097/mbc.0000000000001271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Antithrombin is an essential protein that acts as a natural anticoagulant in the human body. It is synthesized by the liver and belongs to the serine protease inhibitors, which are commonly referred to as the SERPINS superfamily. The antithrombin molecule comprises 432 amino acids and has a molecular weight of approximately 58 200 D. It consists of three domains, including an amino-terminal domain, a carbohydrate-rich domain, and a carboxyl-terminal domain. The amino-terminal domain binds with heparin, whereas the carboxyl-terminal domain binds with serine protease. Antithrombin is a crucial natural anticoagulant that contributes approximately 60-80% of plasma anticoagulant activities in the human body. Moreover, antithrombin has anti-inflammatory effects that can be divided into coagulation-dependent and coagulation-independent effects. Furthermore, it exhibits antitumor activity and possesses a broad range of antiviral properties. Inherited type I antithrombin deficiency is a quantitative disorder that is characterized by low antithrombin activity due to low plasma levels. On the other hand, inherited type II antithrombin deficiency is a qualitative disorder that is characterized by defects in the antithrombin molecule. Acquired antithrombin deficiencies are more common than hereditary deficiencies and are associated with various clinical conditions due to reduced synthesis, increased loss, or enhanced consumption. The purpose of this review was to provide an update on the structure, functions, clinical implications, and methods of detection of antithrombin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Saboor
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hassan A Hamali
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A Mobarki
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aymen M Madkhali
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gasim Dboie
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hakami W, Dobie G, Alneami KA, Shaabi M, Essawi K, Saboor M, Madkhali AM, Nahari MH, Almasoudi HH, Akhter MS, Hakami FH, Zarbatan FA, Hakamy A, Chandika RM, Fageehi AA, Mobarki AA, Hamali HA. Assessing Nutritional Anemia Among University Students in Jazan, Saudi Arabia: A Public Health Perspective. J Blood Med 2024; 15:51-60. [PMID: 38352049 PMCID: PMC10863464 DOI: 10.2147/jbm.s436673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Nutritional anemia is a significant public health concern worldwide, particularly affecting young adults and children in Saudi Arabia, where inadequate nutrition is considered a primary contributing factor. This study aims to (i) examine the levels of serum iron, folate, and vitamin B12 in young adult students, with a focus on identifying any deficiencies and their association with anemia; (ii) explore the prevalence of mixed-deficiency anemia resulting from deficiencies in serum iron, folate, and vitamin B12 (iii) explore how sociodemographic characteristics and dietary habits influence serum iron, folate, and vitamin B12 levels. Materials and Methods This cross-sectional study encompassed 158 young adult students at Jazan University, Saudi Arabia. Blood samples were collected following a comprehensive questionnaire addressing sociodemographic and health characteristics. These samples were analyzed for complete blood count, serum iron, folate, and vitamin B12 levels. Results The findings of this study revealed a significant decrease in serum iron levels, with 70.6% of males and 88% in females exhibiting reduced level. Additionally, low levels of folate were observed in 4% of the study population, while deficiency in vitamin B12 was found in 2.2% of the study population. However, the simultaneous presence of low serum iron levels along with deficiencies in folate or vitamin B12 was not observed in the study participants. Conclusion The study indicates that there is a high incidence of low serum iron and ferritin levels among university students in Saudi Arabia, which poses a considerable public health concern. Conversely, the prevalence of folate and vitamin B12 deficiencies among the students was comparatively low, and notably, there were no cases where these deficiencies were observed alongside iron deficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Waleed Hakami
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gasim Dobie
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khadija A Alneami
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Misk Shaabi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled Essawi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Saboor
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Aymen M Madkhali
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed H Nahari
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan H Almasoudi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad S Akhter
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fasial H Hakami
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatimah A Zarbatan
- Respiratory Care Department, King Fahad Central Hospital, Jazan, Ministry of Health, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Hakamy
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rama M Chandika
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali A Fageehi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A Mobarki
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan A Hamali
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Essawi K, Dobie G, Shaabi MF, Hakami W, Saboor M, Madkhali AM, Hamami AAH, Allallah WH, Akhter MS, Mobarki AA, Hamali HA. Comparative Analysis of Red Blood Cells, White Blood Cells, Platelet Count, and Indices in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients and Normal Controls: Association and Clinical Implications. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2023; 16:3123-3132. [PMID: 37822802 PMCID: PMC10563775 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s422373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major health burden affecting 537 million adults worldwide, characterized by chronic metabolic disorder and various complications. This case control study aimed to assess the impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), including hyperglycemia levels, on hematological parameters and complete blood count (CBC) derived parameters. Methods A total of 250 known diabetic patients from the Jazan Diabetic Center, Saudi Arabia, between January 2021 and December 2022, along with 175 healthy adult controls were recruited from Jazan Hospital's blood donation center. Demographic characteristics, medical histories, and relevant factors such as gender, age, BMI, treatment, disease duration, and comorbidities were collected with informed consent. Results The results of the red blood cell (RBC) count, RBC indices, and mean platelet volume showed significant differences between patients and controls, while the white cell (WBC) and platelet count were comparable between the two groups. CBC-derived parameters, especially neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet/neutrophil ratio (PNR) exhibited significant differences. Conclusion CBC and derived parameters serve as inexpensive tools for T2DM patients monitoring, indicating early blood cell alterations and potential development of anemia. Further studies are needed to explore their role in predicting T2DM pathogenesis and progression, aiming to reduce severe complications, mortality and morbidity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Essawi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gasim Dobie
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Misk F Shaabi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed Hakami
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Saboor
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Aymen M Madkhali
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A H Hamami
- Department of Laboratory & Blood Bank, Prince Mohammed bin Nasser Hospital, Ministry of Health, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wael H Allallah
- Department of Laboratory & Blood Bank, Prince Mohammed bin Nasser Hospital, Ministry of Health, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad S Akhter
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A Mobarki
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan A Hamali
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Madkhali AM, Mobarki AA, Ghzwani AH, Al-Mekhlafi HM, Zhranei A, Osais A, Sohel A, Othman B, Dobie G, Hamali HA. Elevated Levels of Procoagulant Microvesicles and Tissue-Factor Bearing Microvesicles in Malaria Patients. Int J Gen Med 2023; 16:1205-1215. [PMID: 37041799 PMCID: PMC10083009 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s402212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Procoagulant microvesicles (MVs) are submicron membrane fragments released from activated cells and cells undergoing apoptosis. The procoagulant activity of MVs is enhanced in the presence of tissue factor (TF). MVs and TF are active mediators that induce pro-inflammatory response and prothrombotic tendency and have been linked to the severity of several disorders, including malaria infection. The current study aimed to measure the levels of circulating procoagulant MVs and TF-bearing MVs in malaria patients and correlate these levels with other hematological parameters and parasitemia. Materials and Methods Levels of MVs and TF-bearing MVs in the plasma of children and adult patients infected with Plasmodium falciparum were measured alongside matched healthy controls. Results Patients with Plasmodium falciparum infection had ~3.8 times MVs (p < 0.0001) and ~13.0 times TF-bearing MVs compared to the matched healthy controls. MVs showed inverse significant correlation with platelet count (p = 0.0055), hemoglobin (p = 0.0004) and parasitemia. Conclusion Elevated levels of MVs and TF-bearing MVs could be useful biomarkers to evaluate the procoagulant activity, inflammatory response and parasitemia levels in malaria infection, aiding in better management of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aymen M Madkhali
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A Mobarki
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad H Ghzwani
- Medical Research Center, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ahmed Zhranei
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Osais
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Sohel
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Basim Othman
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Albaha University, Albaha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gasim Dobie
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan A Hamali
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: Hassan A Hamali, Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, P.O. Box 1906, Gizan, 45142, Saudi Arabia, Email
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Moukhyer M, Mahfouz MS, Habibullah MM, Abuhadi NH, Khamjan NA, Madkhali AM, Hakamy AO, Hamali HA, Hoque M, Lohani M, Mukhayer A. Evaluation of the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Resulting Behavior Changes in Response to COVID-19 Among Students at the College of Applied Medical Sciences (CAMS), Jazan University, Saudi Arabia. J Multidiscip Healthc 2023; 16:1075-1084. [PMID: 37096238 PMCID: PMC10122493 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s405633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The emergence of COVID-19 posed a threat to millions of lives worldwide. The pandemic impacts extended to affect people's psychological well-being, resulting in significant behavioural change. This study was designed to assess the knowledge regarding COVID-19 precautions among the College of Applied Medical Science students at Jazan University and to evaluate the general, psychosocial, and behavioral changes due to COVID-19. Methods This is an observational study targeting 630 undergraduate students randomly selected during January 2020, using stratified random sampling. Data were collected using an online questionnaire. Linear regression models were used to evaluate the predictors of three outcome measures: knowledge, attitudes, and practice scores. Results Knowledge of COVID-19 revealed that the students with correct answers ranged from 48.9 to 95%. Furthermore, significant gender differences are found regarding shortness of breath, fatigue, persistent chest discomfort, headache, and malaise (p < 0.05). Knowledge scores differed significantly across gender and academic level (p < 0.05) and so does attitude scores (p < 0.05). No significant difference was observed between practice scores according to socio-demographic background (p > 0.05). The linear regression model showed that females had significantly higher knowledge, attitudes, and practice scores (p < 0.05) as well as those within the 21-23 age group and above (p < 0.05). Students residing in urban and semi-urban places had significantly higher scores for knowledge, attitudes, and practice (p < 0.05). Conclusion The results demonstrated moderate knowledge about COVID-19 among study participants, with significant differences between the responses of males and females and among the urban and rural populations. Outcomes suggest the need for interventions to bridge students' knowledge about COVID-19 and practice gaps. Students were concerned about basic life amenities and the inability to provide for their dear ones regarding behavioral changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Moukhyer
- Emergency Medical Services, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Public Health Programs, School of Medicine, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Correspondence: Mohamed Moukhyer, Tel +966-568878291, Email
| | - Mohamed Salih Mahfouz
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Nouf Hussain Abuhadi
- Diagnostic Radiology Technology Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nizar A Khamjan
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aymen M Madkhali
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali O Hakamy
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan A Hamali
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mazharul Hoque
- Emergency Medical Services, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohtashim Lohani
- Emergency Medical Services, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aziza Mukhayer
- Faculty of Medicine, Ahfad University for Women, Omdurman, Sudan
- Department of Health Promotion, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Akhter MS, Rashid H, Hamali HA, Alshahrani S, Dobie G, Qadri M, Madkhali AM, Mobarki AA. Hematotoxicity of Co-Administration of Bisphenol A and Acetaminophen in Rats and its Amelioration by Melatonin. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2023; 23:222-229. [PMID: 35674302 DOI: 10.2174/1871530322666220607124757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hematotoxicity is an underexplored endpoint of toxicity in most of the chemical exposures. An adverse effect on the hematological system arising out of xenobiotic exposure causes impaired hemostasis and coagulation leading to disease. BPA and acetaminophen are widely used synthetic chemicals worldwide and both are known and have numerous toxic effects. Since both can be simultaneously exposed to humans over a period of time, we hypothesized that their exposure can cause hematotoxicity, which may be ameliorated by melatonin. OBJECTIVE In the current study, we aimed to find the effect of single and co-treatment of bisphenol A and acetaminophen on the RBC and coagulation factors in rats, and amelioration of impairment by melatonin. METHODS Oxidative stress in red blood cells, bleeding time, blood clotting time, prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time, and fibrinogen levels were assessed as indicators of hematotoxicity with single and co-exposure to bisphenol A and acetaminophen in rats. The effect of melatonin as a hemato-protective agent was assessed in the co-exposure. RESULTS An increase in RBC oxidative stress and decrease in bleeding time, blood clotting time, prothrombin time, and partial thromboplastin time along with an increase in fibrinogen levels were observed with bisphenol A and acetaminophen treatment, which were further aggravated with cotreatment of the two. Melatonin treatment, however, was seen to decrease the increase in oxidative stress and ameliorate the impairment in coagulation factors. CONCLUSION Bisphenol A and acetaminophen cause an increase in the oxidative stress in the red blood cells, and cause a shift toward pro-coagulation, which is alleviated by treatment with melatonin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad S Akhter
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jizan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hina Rashid
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jizan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan A Hamali
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jizan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed Alshahrani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jizan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gasim Dobie
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jizan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwa Qadri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jizan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aymen M Madkhali
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jizan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A Mobarki
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jizan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Alraey Y, Alhweti R, Almutairi H, Abdullah Al-Qahtani A, Alshahrani MI, Asiri MH, Alhammas AM, Alwagdi SJ, Alshahrani A, Alouffi A, Madkhali AM, Al-Salem WS, Al-Qahtani AA, Saif A, Ben Hadj Ahmed S, Zhioua E. Molecular Characterization of Leishmania Species among Patients with Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Asir Province, Saudi Arabia. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11121472. [PMID: 36558806 PMCID: PMC9784527 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11121472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniais (ACL) and zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL) caused by Leishmania tropica and Leishmania major, respectively, are endemic vector-borne diseases in southern Saudi Arabia. In 2021, an outbreak of cutaneous leishmaniasis occurred in the province of Asir. The main objective of our investigation was to analyze the epidemiological features of CL in southern Saudi Arabia. The ministry of health recorded 194 CL patients between January and December 2021 from the Asir province. Our findings showed that the majority of CL patients (87.1%) originated from the governorates of Khamis-Mushait and Abha. Most of the patients were males (62.3%). While CL affected all age groups, those under 13 years old were the most affected (38.1%). For both genders, CL patients were mostly Saudi citizens (90.7%) compared to non-Saudi expatriates. The majority of CL patients (75.2%) suffered from a single lesion, and the majority of lesions (61.3%) were located on the face. The seasonal prevalence of CL showed two peaks, a small one in July-August and a larger one in March. Of a total of 194 Giemsa slides samples, 188 showed positive amplification of Leishmania ITS1 gene. Based on PCR-RFLP and PCR-HMR, 183 patients showed positive amplification of L. tropica and five patients showed positive amplification of L. major. Phylogenetic analysis revealed a clear distinct separation between L. major and L. tropica sequences. Our results provided strong evidence of the pre-domination of L. tropica, the main etiological agent of ACL in Asir province. We reported for the first time the presence of L. major, an etiological agent of ZCL in the study areas. The co-circulation of ACL and ZCL highlighted the complexity of the epidemiology of CL in southern Saudi Arabia, and subsequently, further studies to identify competent vectors and reservoir hosts for the establishment of control strategies are needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasser Alraey
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Central Research Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61321, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rasha Alhweti
- Jazan Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | | - Mohammed Hussin Asiri
- Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases Administration, Saudi Ministry of Health, Abha 61321, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrhman Mousa Alhammas
- Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases Administration, Saudi Ministry of Health, Abha 61321, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed Jubran Alwagdi
- Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases Administration, Saudi Ministry of Health, Abha 61321, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz Alshahrani
- Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases Administration, Saudi Ministry of Health, Abha 61321, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz Alouffi
- King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh 12354, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aymen M. Madkhali
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ahmed A. Al-Qahtani
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Saif
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran 66624, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami Ben Hadj Ahmed
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Central Research Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61321, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elyes Zhioua
- Unit of Vector Ecology, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis 1002, Tunisia
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mobarki AA, Dobie G, Saboor M, Madkhali AM, Habibullah MM, Nahari MH, Kamli H, Hakamy A, Hamali HA. Prevalence and Correlation of Vitamin D Levels with Hematological and Biochemical Parameters in Young Adults. Ann Clin Lab Sci 2022; 52:815-824. [PMID: 36261180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Vitamin D has a pivotal role in maintaining healthy bones and in the modulation of multiple physiologic processes. Vitamin D deficiency has become a global burden that affects all members of society. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and correlation of vitamin D deficiency with hematological and biochemical parameters in young adult college students. Hundred and fourteen students (77 men and 37 women) were recruited. MATERIALS AND METHODS The socio-demographic and clinicopathologic features of the students were evaluated using a pre-tested and validated questionnaire, and samples were collected for complete blood count (CBC), vitamin D, calcium, parathyroid hormone, and phosphorus measurements. RESULTS Vitamin D deficiency was more prevalent in men (53.2%) than in women (48.7%). Calcium and parathyroid hormone levels were within the normal range, and 26% and 22% of male and female participants, respectively, had low phosphorus levels. Vitamin D showed a positive correlation with calcium in men (r=0.3927; P=0.005) and women (r=0.4122; P=0.0566). Although, vitamin D status had no impact on most of CBC parameters, significant positive correlation was observed with eosinophils in women. CONCLUSIONS Vitamin D deficiency is very prevalent among college students, therefore health education and public awareness campaigns on the consequences of vitamin D deficiency on health and well-being are required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah A Mobarki
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gasim Dobie
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Saboor
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
- Medical Research Center, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aymen M Madkhali
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud M Habibullah
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed H Nahari
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hossam Kamli
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Hakamy
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan A Hamali
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hamali HA, Madkhali MM, Dobie G, Madkhali AM, Madkhali B, Hummadi Y, Meshi A, Akhter MS, Mobarki AA, Saboor M. Prevalence of Rh and K phenotypes among blood donors from different ethnicities in Samtah (Southwestern Region) Saudi Arabia. Int J Immunogenet 2022; 49:202-208. [PMID: 35513355 DOI: 10.1111/iji.12577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Rh and Kell blood group systems are amongst the most important blood group systems; being highly immunogenic after ABO system. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequencies of Rh antigens, haplotypes and K antigen among blood donors belonging to various ethnicities in Samtah, Jazan, Saudi Arabia. METHODS This study was conducted during January 2019 and August 2020 at Samtah General Hospital, Samtah. Records of all blood donors recruited during this period were included for data acquisition. A total of 4977 blood donors' records were reviewed and data were analysed. A total of 3863 donors' results were considered in the final analysis. RESULTS In comparison to Saudi blood donors, C antigen was less frequent in Sudanese donors (69.7% and 34.0%), the c antigen was less frequent in Indian (79.2% and 59.3%) and Philippine (79.2% and 40.0%) donors and more frequent in Sudanese (79.2% and 97.9%) donors, the E antigen was less frequent in Yemini (27.0% and 19.5%) and the e antigen was more frequent in Yemini (96.7% and 99.2%) donors. The DcE haplotype was less frequent (3.1% and 0.7%) and the ce haplotype was more frequent (4.3% and 7.6%) in Yemini donors. The K antigen was less frequent in Pakistani (11.9% and 4.1%; p = .041) and Indian (11.9% and 1.9%; p = .023) donors. CONCLUSION Rh and K antigens showed marked variations in their frequencies among blood donors of different ethnicities. Utilization of blood from various ethnicities warrant extended phenotyping of Rh and K antigens to avoid the risk of alloimmunization in multiply transfused patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hassan A Hamali
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maymoon M Madkhali
- Samtah General Hospital, Jazan Health, Gizan, Saudi Arabia.,Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - Gasim Dobie
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aymen M Madkhali
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Basem Madkhali
- Samtah General Hospital, Jazan Health, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yahia Hummadi
- Samtah General Hospital, Jazan Health, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Meshi
- King Fahad Central Hospital, Jazan Health, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad S Akhter
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A Mobarki
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Saboor
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia.,Medical Research Center, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hamali HA, Saboor M, Dobie G, Madkhali AM, Akhter MS, Hakamy A, Al-Mekhlafi HM, Jackson DE, Matari YH, Mobarki AA. Procoagulant Microvesicles in COVID-19 Patients: Possible Modulators of Inflammation and Prothrombotic Tendency. Infect Drug Resist 2022; 15:2359-2368. [PMID: 35517897 PMCID: PMC9064482 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s355395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The hypercoagulability and thrombotic tendency in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is multifactorial, driven mainly by inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction. Elevated levels of procoagulant microvesicles (MVs) and tissue factor–bearing microvesicles (TF-bearing MVs) have been observed in many diseases with thrombotic tendency. The current study aimed to measure the levels of procoagulant MVs and TF-bearing MVs in patients with COVID-19 and healthy controls and to correlate their levels with platelet counts, D-Dimer levels, and other proposed calculated inflammatory markers. Materials and Methods Forty ICU-admitted patients with COVID-19 and 37 healthy controls were recruited in the study. Levels of procoagulant MVs and TF-bearing MVs in the plasma of the study population were measured using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Results COVID-19 patients had significantly elevated levels of procoagulant MVs and TF-bearing MVs as compared with healthy controls (P<0.001). Procoagulant MVs significantly correlated with TF-bearing MVs, D-dimer levels, and platelet count, but not with calculated inflammatory markers (neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, platelet/lymphocyte ratio, and platelet/neutrophil ratio). Conclusion Elevated levels of procoagulant MVs and TF-bearing MVs in patients with COVID-19 are suggested to be (i) early potential markers to predict the severity of COVID-19 (ii) a novel circulatory biomarker to evaluate the procoagulant activity and severity of COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hassan A Hamali
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: Hassan A Hamali, Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, P.O. Box 1906, Gizan, 45142, Saudi Arabia, Tel +966173295000, Email
| | - Muhammad Saboor
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
- Medical Research Center, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gasim Dobie
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aymen M Madkhali
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad S Akhter
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Hakamy
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Denise E Jackson
- Thrombosis and Vascular Diseases Laboratory, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT) University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Yahya H Matari
- Laboratory Department, Baish General Hospital, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A Mobarki
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Saboor M, Khan A, Hamali HA, Mobarki AA, Madkhali AM, Dobie G, Nizamani GS. Correlation of Antithrombin Functional Status and Levels with Liver Fibrosis in Patients with Hepatitis C. Clin Lab 2022; 68. [PMID: 35142192 DOI: 10.7754/clin.lab.2021.210608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal levels of coagulation factors and their inhibitors have shown association with liver diseases. The objective of this study was to determine the qualitative and quantitive status of antithrombin (AT) in patients with chronic liver disease associated hepatitis C infection and their correlation with severity of liver fibrosis. METHODS In this study, 75 (43 male and 32 female) known patients with chronic liver disease associated hepatitis C infection were enrolled. AT activity and quantitative immunoassays were carried out using Stachrom AT reagent kit (Diagnostica Stago, France) and Liatest AT reagent (Diagnostica Stago, France), respectively. Hepatic biopsies were obtained and graded for liver fibrosis from all study participants. RESULTS Of the 75 patients, 45 had normal AT while 30 showed lower activity of AT. Similarly, the quantitative assay showed reduced levels of AT in 30 patients and normal levels in 45 patients. CONCLUSIONS In the early stages of liver fibrosis, AT activity and antigenic levels were found to be normal or minimally affected. While advanced stages of the disease showed markedly reduced levels of AT and activity. Hence, it can be concluded that the degree of fibrosis affects the status of AT.
Collapse
|
12
|
Alshabi A, Marwan A, Fatima N, Madkhali AM, Alnagai F, Alhazmi A, Al-Mekhlafi HM, Abdulhaq AA, Ghailan KY, Sali A, Refaei T. Epidemiological screening and serotyping analysis of dengue fever in the Southwestern region of Saudi Arabia. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:204-210. [PMID: 35002410 PMCID: PMC8716909 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.08.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue is an acute systemic viral disease that has been developed globally in both chronic and epidemic transmission periods. Dengue virus (DENV) is a member of the Flavivirus genus of the Flaviviridae family, which endangers public health. Limited studies have been performed in the Saudi Arabia and there are no epidemiological as well as molecular screening of DENV in the Southwestern region and this current study was conducted on the epidemiology of dengue in the Southwestern region of Saudi Arabia. Simultaneously, we have screened the 100 patients for DENV using the real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay. The current study results confirmed that 6637 people from various hospitals and locations in Jazan, Southwestern regions, were enrolled in this study from 2012 to 2020. The overall mean age was 30.02 ± 18.01 years, with 62.8% of males and 37.2% of females enrolled. This study included nearly three-fourths of the Saudi participants and one-fourth of the expatriates, and 56.6% of the positive cases were enrolled. In 2019, the most instances were enrolled, with 44% of positive cases. When screened using the RT-PCR assay, 93% of the positive patients were recruited, according to the quality control analysis. In conclusion, the current study results confirmed the prevalence of DENV was increased drastically since 2012 to 2020. High number of cases were registered prior to the Pandemic. The screening for DENV was performed with RT-PCR assay and NSI antigen should also be implemented to cross-check the results which was previously performed with RT-PCR analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alkhansa Alshabi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amani Marwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nuzhath Fatima
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aymen M. Madkhali
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatemah Alnagai
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abrar Alhazmi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ahmed A. Abdulhaq
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Y. Ghailan
- Department of Epidemiology Public Health and Tropical Medicine College, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Sali
- Public Health Office, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tareq Refaei
- Department of Laboratory, King Fahd Hospital, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Akhter MS, Hamali HA, Iqbal J, Mobarki AA, Rashid H, Dobie G, Madkhali AM, Arishi BYH, Ageeli EOO, Laghbi OSH. Iron Deficiency Anemia as a Factor in Male Infertility: Awareness in Health College Students in the Jazan Region of Saudi Arabia. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph182412866. [PMID: 34948476 PMCID: PMC8701172 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182412866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Male contribution towards couple infertility is increasing but is less discussed. We aimed to assess the knowledge about iron deficiency anemia (IDA) as a contributor to male infertility in students at health colleges of Jazan University. A multicentric, cross-sectional survey included 910 participants and 768 participants qualified as per our inclusion criteria. The questions were categorized as: Model 1—knowledge about IDA-induced male infertility; Model 2—knowledge about IDA. The average knowledge of IDA causing male infertility is very low among students. The 18–20 years age group had a lesser score for either knowledge of IDA (M2; p-value = 0.047) or total (p-value < 0.0001) compared to the older group. In addition, female students were significantly more likely to be better in achieving higher total scores (p-value = 0.023) as well as M2 scores (p-value < 0.0001) when compared to the respective male category. On the other hand, males were significantly better in scoring for M1 (p-value = 0.004) compared to females. Awareness about iron deficiency anemia as a factor in male infertility may reduce the infertility burden, arising from a preventable factor, in the Jazan region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad S. Akhter
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jizan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (H.A.H.); (A.A.M.); (G.D.); (A.M.M.); (B.Y.H.A.); (E.O.O.A.); (O.S.H.L.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Hassan A. Hamali
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jizan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (H.A.H.); (A.A.M.); (G.D.); (A.M.M.); (B.Y.H.A.); (E.O.O.A.); (O.S.H.L.)
| | - Johar Iqbal
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Jazan University, Jizan 45142, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abdullah A. Mobarki
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jizan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (H.A.H.); (A.A.M.); (G.D.); (A.M.M.); (B.Y.H.A.); (E.O.O.A.); (O.S.H.L.)
| | - Hina Rashid
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jizan 45142, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Gasim Dobie
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jizan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (H.A.H.); (A.A.M.); (G.D.); (A.M.M.); (B.Y.H.A.); (E.O.O.A.); (O.S.H.L.)
| | - Aymen M. Madkhali
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jizan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (H.A.H.); (A.A.M.); (G.D.); (A.M.M.); (B.Y.H.A.); (E.O.O.A.); (O.S.H.L.)
| | - Bader Y. H Arishi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jizan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (H.A.H.); (A.A.M.); (G.D.); (A.M.M.); (B.Y.H.A.); (E.O.O.A.); (O.S.H.L.)
| | - Emad O. O. Ageeli
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jizan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (H.A.H.); (A.A.M.); (G.D.); (A.M.M.); (B.Y.H.A.); (E.O.O.A.); (O.S.H.L.)
| | - Osama S. H. Laghbi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jizan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (H.A.H.); (A.A.M.); (G.D.); (A.M.M.); (B.Y.H.A.); (E.O.O.A.); (O.S.H.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Mobarki AA, Dobie G, Saboor M, Madkhali AM, Akhter MS, Hakamy A, Humran A, Hamali Y, Jackson DE, Hamali HA. MPR and NLR as Prognostic Markers in ICU-Admitted Patients with COVID-19 in Jazan, Saudi Arabia. Infect Drug Resist 2021; 14:4859-4864. [PMID: 34848978 PMCID: PMC8627266 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s342259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aims of the current study were to evaluate the importance of MPR and NLR as prognostic markers in ICU-admitted COVID-19 patients and to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on hematological and coagulation parameters in patients from Jazan region of Saudi Arabia. Methods This retrospective study was conducted between October 2020 and January 2021 at King Fahad Central Hospital, Jazan region. Medical files, which included the results of complete blood count (CBC), calculated mean platelet volume to platelet count ratio (MPR) and neutrophils-to-lymphocytes ratio (NLR) parameters, coagulation profile and D-dimer test, of 96 (64 male and 32 female) COVID-19-infected patients admitted to the intensive care unit were reviewed. Associations between the test results and COVID-19 infection outcomes (discharged [DC] or passed away [PA]) were measured. Results The results of the current study demonstrate overall significant differences in CBC parameters between PA group as compared to DC group (P < 0.05). The PA group had a significantly elevated MPR (10.15±12.16 vs 4.04±1.5; P < 0.01) and NLR (18.29±19.82 vs 7.35±9.68; P < 0.01) as compared to the DC group, suggesting an association between these parameters and mortality. Odds ratios analysis also showed that adjustment for demographic variables and comorbidities did not weaken the observed association. Conclusion Elevated MPR and NLR are associated with poor prognosis in COVID-19 patients and could be useful as therapy management indicators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah A Mobarki
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gasim Dobie
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Saboor
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia.,Medical Research Center, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aymen M Madkhali
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad S Akhter
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Hakamy
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel Humran
- Respiratory Care Department, King Fahad Central Hospital, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yousof Hamali
- Radiodiagnostics and Medical Imaging Department, Prince Sultan Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Denise E Jackson
- Thrombosis and Vascular Diseases Laboratory, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT) University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Hassan A Hamali
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Madkhali AM, Abdulhaq AA, Atroosh WM, Ghzwani AH, Zain KA, Ghailan KY, Hamali HA, Mobarki AA, Eisa ZM, Lau YL, Al-Mekhlafi HM. The return of chloroquine-sensitive Plasmodium falciparum parasites in Jazan region, southwestern Saudi Arabia over a decade after the adoption of artemisinin-based combination therapy: analysis of genetic mutations in the pfcrt gene. Parasitol Res 2021; 120:3771-3781. [PMID: 34561749 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-021-07323-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the polymorphism in the P. falciparum chloroquine resistance transporter (pfcrt) gene 11 years after chloroquine (CQ) cessation in Jazan region, southwestern Saudi Arabia. Two hundred and thirty-five P. falciparum isolates were amplified to detect mutations in the pfcrt gene. The pfcrt 76 T molecular marker for CQ resistance was detected in 66.4% (156/235) of the isolates, while the K76 CQ-sensitive wild type was detected in 33.6%. The pfcrt 74I and pfcrt 75E point mutations were each found to be present in 56.2% of isolates, while only four isolates (1.7%) were found to carry the pfcrt 72S mutation. Moreover, four pfcrt haplotypes were identified as follows: the CVIET triple-allele (56.2%), SVMET double-allele (1.7%) and CVMNT single-allele (8.5%) mutant haplotypes and the CVMNK wild haplotype (33.6%). The analysis also revealed significant associations between the prevalence of mutant pfcrt alleles and haplotypes and the age group, governorate and nationality of the patients as well as the parasitaemia level (p < 0.05). The findings provide evidence of the potential re-emergence of CQ-susceptible P. falciparum strains in Jazan region over a decade after CQ discontinuation, with about one third of the isolates analysed carrying the pfcrt K76 CQ-sensitive wild allele and the CVMNK ancestral wild haplotype. Although the reintroduction of CQ cannot be recommended at present in Saudi Arabia, these findings support the rationale for a potential future role for CQ in malaria treatment. Therefore, continuous molecular and in vitro monitoring mutations of pfcrt polymorphism in Jazan region is highly recommended.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aymen M Madkhali
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Medical Research Centre, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A Abdulhaq
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Wahib M Atroosh
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Aden, Aden, Yemen
| | | | - Khalid Ammash Zain
- Medical Research Centre, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Y Ghailan
- Faculty of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan A Hamali
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A Mobarki
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Zaki M Eisa
- Saudi Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Health, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Yee-Ling Lau
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hesham M Al-Mekhlafi
- Medical Research Centre, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. .,Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. .,Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Akhter MS, Mobarki AA, Hamali HA, Saboor M, Madkhali AM, Dobie G, Hobani YH, Eisa ZM. Prevalence of β-S Globin Haplotypes in Jazan Region of Saudi Arabia. Clin Lab 2021; 67. [PMID: 34383420 DOI: 10.7754/clin.lab.2020.201205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a common hematological genetic disorder in Saudi Arabia, Africa, the Mediterranean region, and India. The present study aimed to characterize βS haplotypes found in the Jazan region, Saudi Arabia. METHODS One hundred sickle cell trait (SCT) individuals, diagnosed during their visit to the premarital screening clinic at King Fahad Central Hospital, were included in the study. Molecular analysis was carried out by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and six polymorphic sites of the β-globin gene were analyzed using restriction endonucleases Hind II, Xmn-I, Hind III, and Ava II. RESULTS The results of the current study revealed the presence of five typical haplotypes in which Benin, Bantu, and Senegal were found in homozygous state with 29%, 3% and 1% frequencies, respectively. Interestingly, 29% of the studied population showed atypical haplotypes in heterozygous state and 2% in homozygous state for the first time in Jazan region. CONCLUSIONS In addition to the typical haplotypes, high frequency of atypical haplotypes in this study indicates a diverse genetic mechanism that might have a crucial effect on the severity of SCD in this region. Therefore, considering this study in a cohort population with SCD in Jazan region may provide more indepth details about the correlation between haplotypes and the clinical manifestation of the disease.
Collapse
|
17
|
Al-Mekhlafi HM, Madkhali AM, Ghailan KY, Abdulhaq AA, Ghzwani AH, Zain KA, Atroosh WM, Alshabi A, Khadashi HA, Darraj MA, Eisa ZM. Residual malaria in Jazan region, southwestern Saudi Arabia: the situation, challenges and climatic drivers of autochthonous malaria. Malar J 2021; 20:315. [PMID: 34256757 PMCID: PMC8276496 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-021-03846-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Saudi Arabia and Yemen are the only two countries in the Arabian Peninsula that are yet to achieve malaria elimination. Over the past two decades, the malaria control programme in Saudi Arabia has successfully reduced the annual number of malaria cases, with the lowest incidence rate across the country reported in 2014. This study aims to investigate the distribution of residual malaria in Jazan region and to identify potential climatic drivers of autochthonous malaria cases in the region. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out from 1 April 2018 to 31 January 2019 in Jazan region, southwestern Saudi Arabia, which targeted febrile individuals attending hospitals and primary healthcare centres. Participants’ demographic data were collected, including age, gender, nationality, and residence. Moreover, association of climatic variables with the monthly autochthonous malaria cases reported during the period of 2010–2017 was retrospectively analysed. Results A total of 1124 febrile subjects were found to be positive for malaria during the study period. Among them, 94.3 and 5.7% were infected with Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax, respectively. In general, subjects aged 18–30 years and those aged over 50 years had the highest (42.7%) and lowest (5.9%) percentages of malaria cases. Similarly, the percentage of malaria-positive cases was higher among males than females (86.2 vs 13.8%), among non-Saudi compared to Saudi subjects (70.6 vs 29.4%), and among patients residing in rural rather than in urban areas (89.8 vs 10.2%). A total of 407 autochthonous malaria cases were reported in Jazan region between 2010 and 2017. Results of zero-inflated negative binomial regression analysis showed that monthly average temperature and relative humidity were the significant climatic determinants of autochthonous malaria in the region. Conclusion Malaria remains a public health problem in most governorates of Jazan region. The identification and monitoring of malaria transmission hotspots and predictors would enable control efforts to be intensified and focused on specific areas and therefore expedite the elimination of residual malaria from the whole region. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12936-021-03846-4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hesham M Al-Mekhlafi
- Medical Research Centre, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. .,Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. .,Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen.
| | - Aymen M Madkhali
- Medical Research Centre, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Y Ghailan
- Faculty of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ahmed A Abdulhaq
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Khalid Ammash Zain
- Medical Research Centre, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Wahib M Atroosh
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Aden, Aden, Yemen
| | - Alkhansa Alshabi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussein A Khadashi
- Medical Research Centre, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Majid A Darraj
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Zaki M Eisa
- Saudi Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Health, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Madkhali AM, Al-Mekhlafi HM, Atroosh WM, Ghzwani AH, Zain KA, Abdulhaq AA, Ghailan KY, Anwar AA, Eisa ZM. Increased prevalence of pfdhfr and pfdhps mutations associated with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum isolates from Jazan Region, Southwestern Saudi Arabia: important implications for malaria treatment policy. Malar J 2020; 19:446. [PMID: 33267841 PMCID: PMC7709338 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-020-03524-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite significant progress in eliminating malaria from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the disease is still endemic in the southwestern region of the country. Artesunate plus sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine (AS + SP) has been used in Saudi Arabia since 2007 as a first-line treatment for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of mutations associated with resistance to artemisinin and sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine (SP) resistance in P. falciparum parasites circulating in Jazan region, southwestern Saudi Arabia. Methods A total of 151 P. falciparum isolates were collected between April 2018 and March 2019 from 12 of the governorates in Jazan region. Genomic DNA was extracted from dried blood spots and amplified using nested PCR. Polymorphisms in the propeller domain of the P. falciparum k13 (pfkelch13) gene and point mutations in the P. falciparum dihydrofolate reductase (pfdhfr) and dihydropteroate synthase (pfdhps) genes were identified by sequencing. Results No mutations in the pfkelch13 propeller domain were found in any of the 151 isolates. However, point mutations in the pfdhfr and pfdhps genes were detected in 90.7% (137/151) of the isolates. The pfdhfr double mutations N51I + S108N (i.e. ACICNI haplotype) and triple mutations N51I + C59R + S108N (i.e. ACIRNI haplotype) were detected in 47% and 37.8% of the isolates, respectively. Moreover, the pfdhps single mutation at codon A437G and double mutations A437G + K540E (i.e. SGEAAI haplotype) were observed in 4.6% and 51.7% of the isolates, respectively. Interestingly, 23.8%, 25.1 and 12.6% of the isolates had quintuple, quadruple and triple mutated combined pfdhfr–pfdhps genotypes, respectively. Furthermore, significant associations were found between the prevalence of mutant haplotypes and the age, gender and nationality of the patients (P < 0.05). Conclusion This study revealed a high prevalence of point mutations in the pfdhfr and pfdhps genes of P. falciparum isolates from Jazan region, with quintuple and quadruple mutant pfdhfr–pfdhps genotypes reported for the first time in Saudi Arabia and the Arabian Peninsula. Despite the absence of the pfkelch13 mutation in the isolates examined, the pfdhfr and pfdhps mutations undermine the efficacy of SP partner drug, thereby threatening the main falciparum malaria treatment policy in Saudi Arabia, i.e. the use of AS + SP. Therefore, the continuous molecular and in-vivo monitoring of ACT efficacy in Jazan region is highly recommended.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aymen M Madkhali
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. .,Medical Research Centre, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hesham M Al-Mekhlafi
- Medical Research Centre, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. .,Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. .,Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen.
| | - Wahib M Atroosh
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Aden, Aden, Yemen
| | | | - Khalid Ammash Zain
- Medical Research Centre, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A Abdulhaq
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Y Ghailan
- Faculty of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Alkhansa A Anwar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Zaki M Eisa
- Saudi Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Health, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Hamali HA, Mobarki AA, Saboor M, Alfeel A, Madkhali AM, Akhter MS, Dobie G. Prevalence of Anemia Among Jazan University Students. Int J Gen Med 2020; 13:765-770. [PMID: 33116767 PMCID: PMC7547133 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s275702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Anemia is one of the most common disorders affecting the population in both low-income and developing countries. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of anemia and iron deficiency in apparently normal male and female students of Jazan University, Saudi Arabia. Material and Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia. One hundred thirty-four (85 males and 49 females) healthy students with no outward signs of illness were recruited. A specific questionnaire related to sociodemographic and health characteristics was designed and validated. The collected samples were analyzed for complete blood count, serum iron, and serum ferritin. Results In the male group, 81 participants (95.3%) were nonanemic with normal hemoglobin (14.99 ± 1.11g/dl), whereas only 4 males were anemic (hemoglobin <13.0 g/dl). On the other hand, anemia was more prevalent in female students, as 67.35% had hemoglobin values less than 12.0 g/dl. In addition, 26.54% of the anemic females had low serum iron and serum ferritin, indicating iron-deficiency anemia. Although the majority of male participants had normal hemoglobin levels, 37.6% of them had low mean cell volume (MCV), low mean cell hemoglobin (MCH), low mean cell hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), and high red blood cell (RBC) counts, suggesting thalassemia. Conclusion Anemia, in particular iron-deficiency anemia, was found to be highly prevalent in females, whereas more than one-third of the male participants might be carriers of alpha or beta thalassemia. Additionally, low dietary iron intake and irregular meal consumption could be two of the possible causes of anemia in the study population. Conducting this study on a large scale of male and female students from different faculties of Jazan University will provide in-depth details about the prevalence and types of anemia among them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hassan A Hamali
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A Mobarki
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Saboor
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aymen Alfeel
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aymen M Madkhali
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad S Akhter
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gasim Dobie
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Saboor M, Zehra A, Hamali HA, Halawani AJ, Mobarki AA, Madkhali AM, Abdullah S. Prevalence of A 2 and A 2B Subgroups and Anti-A 1 Antibody in Blood Donors in Jazan, Saudi Arabia. Int J Gen Med 2020; 13:787-790. [PMID: 33116770 PMCID: PMC7548237 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s272698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose A2 and A2B are rare phenotypes of the ABO blood group system. Some individuals with A2 and A2B may have anti-A1 antibodies that may be clinically significant or insignificant. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of A2, A2B phenotypes and anti-A1 antibodies in blood donors in Jazan, Saudi Arabia. This study also evaluated the reactivity potential of anti-A1 antibodies. Materials and Methods Blood samples collected from 446 blood donors were typed for ABO (cell and serum grouping) and Rh D. Individuals with blood group A and AB were further subtyped by testing with anti-A1 lectin. In addition to the serum grouping using A1 red cells, A2 and A2B individuals were screened for the presence of anti-A1 in their sera against A1 red cells at 4°C, 22°C and 37°C to determine the thermal amplitude of the reacting anti-A1 antibody (if present). Results Among A and AB, A1 was the commonest phenotype (20.2%, n=90 out of 446) while A1B was found to be 1.8% (n=8) among AB phenotype. A2 and A2B were found to be 2.2% (n=10) and 0.9% (n=4), respectively. Only one individual with A2B blood type showed cold reactive anti-A1 antibody, the strength of which was 32. Conclusion A2 and A2B were the rarest among ABO phenotypes in the studied population. Although rare, anti-A1 antibody is not so uncommon. Care shall be taken during routine ABO grouping especially in cases of mix-field or weak positive reactions in A and AB phenotypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Saboor
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.,Medical Research Centre (MRC), Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amtuz Zehra
- Basic Science Department, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Ahasa Branch, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan A Hamali
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amr Jamal Halawani
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A Mobarki
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aymen M Madkhali
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh Abdullah
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Hamali HA, Mobarki AA, Akhter MS, Saboor M, Madkhali AM, Halawani AJ, Hakami AM, Eisa ZM, Dobie G, Hobani Y. Elevated levels of procoagulant microvesicles in patients with dengue fever. Future Virol 2020. [DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2020-0202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background: The levels of procoagulant microvesicles (MVs) and tissue factor (TF)-bearing MVs may be increased in many conditions, including dengue fever (DF). This study aimed to measure the levels of MVs and TF-bearing MVs in patients with DF and matched healthy controls. Materials & methods: Levels of MVs and TF-bearing MVs in the plasma of patients with DF and matched healthy controls were measured using functional assay. Results: The patient group had significantly elevated levels of MVs (p < 0.001) and slightly increased levels of TF-bearing MVs (p = 0.454) compared with the matched healthy controls. Conclusion: Elevated levels of MVs and TF-bearing MVs could be used as biomarkers to evaluate the hemostatic function of patients with DF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hassan A Hamali
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A Mobarki
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad S Akhter
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Saboor
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
- Medical Research Center, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aymen M Madkhali
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amr J Halawani
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Zaki M Eisa
- Saudi Centre for Disease prevention & Control, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gasim Dobie
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yahya Hobani
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Madkhali AM, Alkurbi MO, Szestak T, Bengtsson A, Patil PR, Wu Y, Alharthi S, Jensen ATR, Pleass R, Craig AG. Correction: An Analysis of the Binding Characteristics of a Panel of Recently Selected ICAM-1 Binding Plasmodium falciparum Patient Isolates. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0148836. [PMID: 26849362 PMCID: PMC4743979 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
|
23
|
Madkhali AM, Alkurbi MO, Szestak T, Bengtsson A, Patil PR, Wu Y, Alharthi S, Jensen ATR, Pleass R, Craig AG. An analysis of the binding characteristics of a panel of recently selected ICAM-1 binding Plasmodium falciparum patient isolates. PLoS One 2014; 9:e111518. [PMID: 25360558 PMCID: PMC4216080 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2014] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The basis of severe malaria pathogenesis in part includes sequestration of Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes (IE) from the peripheral circulation. This phenomenon is mediated by the interaction between several endothelial receptors and one of the main parasite-derived variant antigens (PfEMP1) expressed on the surface of the infected erythrocyte membrane. One of the commonly used host receptors is ICAM-1, and it has been suggested that ICAM-1 has a role in cerebral malaria pathology, although the evidence to support this is not conclusive. The current study examined the cytoadherence patterns of lab-adapted patient isolates after selecting on ICAM-1. We investigated the binding phenotypes using variant ICAM-1 proteins including ICAM-1Ref, ICAM-1Kilifi, ICAM-1S22/A, ICAM-1L42/A and ICAM-1L44/A using static assays. The study also examined ICAM-1 blocking by four anti-ICAM-1 monoclonal antibodies (mAb) under static conditions. We also characterised the binding phenotypes using Human Dermal Microvascular Endothelial Cells (HDMEC) under flow conditions. The results show that different isolates have variant-specific binding phenotypes under both static and flow conditions, extending our previous observations that this variation might be due to variable contact residues on ICAM-1 being used by different parasite PfEMP1 variants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aymen M. Madkhali
- Department of Parasitology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed O. Alkurbi
- Department of Parasitology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah Al-Mukarramah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Tadge Szestak
- Department of Parasitology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Anja Bengtsson
- Centre for Medical Parasitology, Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Pradeep R. Patil
- Department of Parasitology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Yang Wu
- Department of Parasitology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Saeed Alharthi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah Al-Mukarramah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Anja T. R. Jensen
- Centre for Medical Parasitology, Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Richard Pleass
- Department of Parasitology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Alister G. Craig
- Department of Parasitology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|