1
|
Ongena J, Castano-Bardawil D, Crombé K, Kazakov Y, Schweer B, Stepanov I, Van Schoor M, Vervier M, Krämer-Flecken A, Neubauer O, Nicolai D, Satheeswaran G, Offermanns G, Hollfeld K, Benndorf A, Dinklage A, Hartmann D, Kallmeyer J, Wolf R, TEC. Physics design, construction and commissioning of the ICRH system for the stellarator Wendelstein 7-X. Fusion Engineering and Design 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2023.113627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
|
2
|
Henkel M, Li Y, Liang Y, Drews P, Knieps A, Killer C, Nicolai D, Höschen D, Geiger J, Xiao C, Sandri N, Satheeswaran G, Liu S, Grulke O, Jakubowski M, Brezinsek S, Otte M, Neubauer O, Schweer B, Xu G, Cai J. Retarding field analyzer for the wendelstein 7-X boundary plasma. Fusion Engineering and Design 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2020.111623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
3
|
Jiang X, Sergienko G, Schweer B, Möller S, Freisinger M, Kreter A, Brezinsek S, Linsmeier C. An upgraded LIBS system on linear plasma device PSI-2 for in situ diagnostics of plasma-facing materials. Fusion Engineering and Design 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2018.11.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
4
|
Cai J, Liang Y, Killer C, Liu S, Hiller A, Knieps A, Schweer B, Höschen D, Nicolai D, Offermanns G, Satheeswaran G, Henkel M, Hollfeld K, Grulke O, Drews P, Krings T, Li Y. A new multi-channel Mach probe measuring the radial ion flow velocity profile in the boundary plasma of the W7-X stellarator. Rev Sci Instrum 2019; 90:033502. [PMID: 30927788 DOI: 10.1063/1.5054279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ion flow velocity measurement in the edge and scraper-off layer region is beneficial to understand the confinement related phenomenon in fusion devices such as impurity transport and plays an important role in impurity control. During the Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X) operation phase 1.2a, a multi-channel (MC) Mach probe mounted on the multi-purpose manipulator has been used to measure radial profiles of edge ion flow velocity. This MC-Mach probe consists of two polar and two radial arrays of directional Langmuir pins (28 pins in total) serving for different aims, of which the polar arrays could obtain a polar distribution of ion saturation current, while the radial arrays can be used to study the dynamic process of a radially propagated event. In this paper, we report the observation of the radially outward propagation of a low frequency mode with a speed of around 200 m/s. The first measurement of the radial ion flow velocity profile using the MC-Mach probe in the boundary plasma of the W7-X with an island divertor will also be presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Cai
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Liang
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie-und Klimaforschung-Plasmaphysik, Partner of the Trilateral Cluster (TEC), 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - C Killer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik Teilinstitut Greifswald, Wendelsteinstr. 1, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - S Liu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - A Hiller
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie-und Klimaforschung-Plasmaphysik, Partner of the Trilateral Cluster (TEC), 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - A Knieps
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie-und Klimaforschung-Plasmaphysik, Partner of the Trilateral Cluster (TEC), 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - B Schweer
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie-und Klimaforschung-Plasmaphysik, Partner of the Trilateral Cluster (TEC), 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - D Höschen
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie-und Klimaforschung-Plasmaphysik, Partner of the Trilateral Cluster (TEC), 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - D Nicolai
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie-und Klimaforschung-Plasmaphysik, Partner of the Trilateral Cluster (TEC), 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - G Offermanns
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie-und Klimaforschung-Plasmaphysik, Partner of the Trilateral Cluster (TEC), 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - G Satheeswaran
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie-und Klimaforschung-Plasmaphysik, Partner of the Trilateral Cluster (TEC), 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - M Henkel
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie-und Klimaforschung-Plasmaphysik, Partner of the Trilateral Cluster (TEC), 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - K Hollfeld
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie-und Klimaforschung-Plasmaphysik, Partner of the Trilateral Cluster (TEC), 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - O Grulke
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik Teilinstitut Greifswald, Wendelsteinstr. 1, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - P Drews
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie-und Klimaforschung-Plasmaphysik, Partner of the Trilateral Cluster (TEC), 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - T Krings
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie-und Klimaforschung-Plasmaphysik, Partner of the Trilateral Cluster (TEC), 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Y Li
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hathiramani D, Ali A, Anda G, Barbui T, Biedermann C, Charl A, Chauvin D, Czymek G, Dhard C, Drewelow P, Dudek A, Effenberg F, Ehrke G, Endler M, Ennis D, Fellinger J, Ford O, Freundt S, Gradic D, Grosser K, Harris J, Hölbe H, Jakubowski M, Knaup M, Kocsis G, König R, Krause M, Kremeyer T, Kornejew P, Krychowiak M, Lambertz H, Jenzsch H, Mayer M, Mohr S, Neubauer O, Otte M, Perseo V, Pilopp D, Rudischhauser L, Schmitz O, Schweer B, Schülke M, Stephey L, Szepesi T, Terra A, Toth M, Wenzel U, Wurden G, Zoletnik S, Pedersen TS. Upgrades of edge, divertor and scrape-off layer diagnostics of W7‐X for OP1.2. Fusion Engineering and Design 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2018.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
6
|
Langenberg A, Pablant NA, Wegner T, Traverso P, Marchuk O, Bräuer T, Geiger B, Fuchert G, Bozhenkov S, Pasch E, Grulke O, Kunkel F, Killer C, Nicolai D, Satheeswaran G, Hollfeld KP, Schweer B, Krings T, Drews P, Offermanns G, Pavone A, Svensson J, Alonso JA, Burhenn R, Wolf RC. Prospects of X-ray imaging spectrometers for impurity transport: Recent results from the stellarator Wendelstein 7-X (invited). Rev Sci Instrum 2018; 89:10G101. [PMID: 30399890 DOI: 10.1063/1.5036536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports on the design and the performance of the recently upgraded X-ray imaging spectrometer systems, X-ray imaging crystal spectrometer and high resolution X-ray imaging spectrometer, installed at the optimized stellarator Wendelstein 7-X. High resolution spectra of highly ionized, He-like Si, Ar, Ti, and Fe as well as H-like Ar have been observed. A cross comparison of ion and electron temperature profiles derived from a spectral fit and tomographic inversion of Ar and Fe spectra shows a reasonable match with both the spectrometers. The also measured impurity density profiles of Ar and Fe have peaked densities at radial positions that are in qualitative agreement with the expectations from the He-like impurity fractional abundances, given the measured temperature profiles. Repeated measurements of impurity decay times have been demonstrated with an accuracy of 1 ms via injection of non-recycling Ti, Fe, and Mo impurities using a laser blow-off system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Langenberg
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - N A Pablant
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, USA
| | - Th Wegner
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - P Traverso
- Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA
| | - O Marchuk
- Department of Physics, PPFE, Technical University of Denmark DTU, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - T Bräuer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - B Geiger
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - G Fuchert
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - S Bozhenkov
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - E Pasch
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - O Grulke
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - F Kunkel
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - C Killer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - D Nicolai
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung-Plasmaphysik, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - G Satheeswaran
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung-Plasmaphysik, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - K P Hollfeld
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung-Plasmaphysik, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - B Schweer
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung-Plasmaphysik, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - T Krings
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung-Plasmaphysik, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - P Drews
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung-Plasmaphysik, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - G Offermanns
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung-Plasmaphysik, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - A Pavone
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - J Svensson
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - J A Alonso
- Laboratorio Nacional de Fusión, Asociación EURATOM-CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain
| | - R Burhenn
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - R C Wolf
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kubkowska M, Czarnecka A, Fornal T, Gruca M, Jabłoński S, Krawczyk N, Ryć L, Burhenn R, Buttenschön B, Geiger B, Grulke O, Langenberg A, Marchuk O, McCarthy KJ, Neuner U, Nicolai D, Pablant N, Schweer B, Thomsen H, Wegner T, Drews P, Hollfeld KP, Killer C, Krings T, Offermanns G, Satheeswaran G, Kunkel F. Plasma impurities observed by a pulse height analysis diagnostic during the divertor campaign of the Wendelstein 7-X stellarator. Rev Sci Instrum 2018; 89:10F111. [PMID: 30399723 DOI: 10.1063/1.5038850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The paper reports on the optimization process of the soft X-ray pulse height analyzer installed on the Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X) stellarator. It is a 3-channel system that records X-ray spectra in the range from 0.6 to 19.6 keV. X-ray spectra, with a temporal and spatial resolution of 100 ms and 2.5 cm (depending on selected slit sizes), respectively, are line integrated along a line-of-sight that crosses near to the plasma center. In the second W7-X operation phase with a carbon test divertor unit, light impurities, e.g., carbon and oxygen, were observed as well as mid- to high-Z elements, e.g., sulfur, chlorine, chromium, manganese, iron, and nickel. In addition, X-ray lines from several tracer elements have been observed after the laser blow-off injection of different impurities, e.g., silicon, titanium, and iron, and during discharges with prefill or a gas puff of neon or argon. These measurements were achieved by optimizing light absorber-foil selection, which defines the detected energy range, and remotely controlled pinhole size, which defines photon flux. The identification of X-ray lines was confirmed by other spectroscopic diagnostics, e.g., by the High-Efficiency XUV Overview Spectrometer, HEXOS, and high-resolution X-ray imaging spectrometer, HR-XIS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Kubkowska
- Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion, Hery 23, 01-497 Warsaw, Poland
| | - A Czarnecka
- Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion, Hery 23, 01-497 Warsaw, Poland
| | - T Fornal
- Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion, Hery 23, 01-497 Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Gruca
- Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion, Hery 23, 01-497 Warsaw, Poland
| | - S Jabłoński
- Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion, Hery 23, 01-497 Warsaw, Poland
| | - N Krawczyk
- Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion, Hery 23, 01-497 Warsaw, Poland
| | - L Ryć
- Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion, Hery 23, 01-497 Warsaw, Poland
| | - R Burhenn
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - B Buttenschön
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - B Geiger
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - O Grulke
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - A Langenberg
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - O Marchuk
- Forschungszentrum, 52425 Juelich, Germany
| | - K J McCarthy
- Laboratorio Nacional de Fusion, CIEMAT, Avenida Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - U Neuner
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - D Nicolai
- Forschungszentrum, 52425 Juelich, Germany
| | - N Pablant
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08540, USA
| | - B Schweer
- Forschungszentrum, 52425 Juelich, Germany
| | - H Thomsen
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Th Wegner
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - P Drews
- Forschungszentrum, 52425 Juelich, Germany
| | | | - C Killer
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Th Krings
- Forschungszentrum, 52425 Juelich, Germany
| | | | | | - F Kunkel
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wegner T, Geiger B, Kunkel F, Burhenn R, Schröder T, Biedermann C, Buttenschön B, Cseh G, Drews P, Grulke O, Hollfeld K, Killer C, Kocsis G, Krings T, Langenberg A, Marchuk O, Neuner U, Nicolai D, Offermanns G, Pablant NA, Rahbarnia K, Satheeswaran G, Schilling J, Schweer B, Szepesi T, Thomsen H. Design, capabilities, and first results of the new laser blow-off system on Wendelstein 7-X. Rev Sci Instrum 2018; 89:073505. [PMID: 30068134 DOI: 10.1063/1.5037543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We present a detailed overview and first results of the new laser blow-off system on the stellarator Wendelstein 7-X. The system allows impurity transport studies by the repetitive and controlled injection of different tracer ions into the plasma edge. A Nd:YAG laser is used to ablate a thin metal film, coated on a glass plate, with a repetition rate of up to 20 Hz. A remote-controlled adjustable optical system allows the variation of the laser spot diameter and enables the spot positioning to non-ablated areas on the target between laser pulses. During first experiments, clear spectral lines from higher ionization stages of the tracer ions have been observed in the X-ray to the extreme ultraviolet spectral range. The temporal behavior of the measured emission allows the estimate of transport properties, e.g., impurity transport times in the order of 100 ms. Although the strong injection of impurities is well detectable, the global plasma parameters are barely changed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Th Wegner
- Max-Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - B Geiger
- Max-Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - F Kunkel
- Max-Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - R Burhenn
- Max-Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - T Schröder
- Max-Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - C Biedermann
- Max-Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - B Buttenschön
- Max-Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - G Cseh
- Wigner Research Center for Physics, 1121 Budapest, Hungary
| | - P Drews
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - O Grulke
- Max-Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - K Hollfeld
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - C Killer
- Max-Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - G Kocsis
- Wigner Research Center for Physics, 1121 Budapest, Hungary
| | - T Krings
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - A Langenberg
- Max-Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - O Marchuk
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - U Neuner
- Max-Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - D Nicolai
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | | | - N A Pablant
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, USA
| | - K Rahbarnia
- Max-Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - J Schilling
- Max-Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - B Schweer
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - T Szepesi
- Wigner Research Center for Physics, 1121 Budapest, Hungary
| | - H Thomsen
- Max-Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Satheeswaran G, Hollfeld K, Drews P, Nicolai D, Neubauer O, Schweer B, Grulke O. A PCS7-based control and safety system for operation of the W7-X Multi-Purpose Manipulator facility. Fusion Engineering and Design 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2017.05.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
10
|
Schweer B, Ongena J, Borsuk V, Birus D, Bozhenkov S, Bardawil DC, Durodié F, Hartmann D, Hollfeld K, Kallmeyer P, Krivska A, Louche F, Messiaen A, Neubauer O, Offermanns G, Satheeswaran G, Van Schoor M, Vervier M, Wolf R. Development of an ICRH antenna system at W7-X for plasma heating and wall conditioning. Fusion Engineering and Design 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2017.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
11
|
Nicolai D, Borsuk V, Drews P, Grulke O, Hollfeld K, Krings T, Liang Y, Linsmeier C, Neubauer O, Satheeswaran G, Schweer B, Offermanns G. A multi-purpose manipulator system for W7-X as user facility for plasma edge investigation. Fusion Engineering and Design 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2017.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
12
|
Reinhart M, Pospieszczyk A, Unterberg B, Brezinsek S, Kreter A, Samm U, Sergienko G, Schweer B, Reiter D, Wünderlich D, Fantz U. Using the Radiation of Hydrogen Atoms and Molecules to Determine Electron Density and Temperature in the Linear Plasma Device PSI-2. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst13-a16905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Reinhart
- Institute of Energy- and Climate Research – Plasma Physics, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Association EURATOM – FZ Juelich, Partner in the Trilateral Euregio Cluster, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - A. Pospieszczyk
- Institute of Energy- and Climate Research – Plasma Physics, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Association EURATOM – FZ Juelich, Partner in the Trilateral Euregio Cluster, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - B. Unterberg
- Institute of Energy- and Climate Research – Plasma Physics, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Association EURATOM – FZ Juelich, Partner in the Trilateral Euregio Cluster, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - S. Brezinsek
- Institute of Energy- and Climate Research – Plasma Physics, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Association EURATOM – FZ Juelich, Partner in the Trilateral Euregio Cluster, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - A. Kreter
- Institute of Energy- and Climate Research – Plasma Physics, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Association EURATOM – FZ Juelich, Partner in the Trilateral Euregio Cluster, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - U. Samm
- Institute of Energy- and Climate Research – Plasma Physics, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Association EURATOM – FZ Juelich, Partner in the Trilateral Euregio Cluster, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - G. Sergienko
- Institute of Energy- and Climate Research – Plasma Physics, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Association EURATOM – FZ Juelich, Partner in the Trilateral Euregio Cluster, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - B. Schweer
- Institute of Energy- and Climate Research – Plasma Physics, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Association EURATOM – FZ Juelich, Partner in the Trilateral Euregio Cluster, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - D. Reiter
- Institute of Energy- and Climate Research – Plasma Physics, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Association EURATOM – FZ Juelich, Partner in the Trilateral Euregio Cluster, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - D. Wünderlich
- Max-Planck-Institute of Plasma Physics, EURATOM Association, Boltzmannstr. 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - U. Fantz
- Chair of Experimental Plasma Physics, Augsburg University, Universitätsstr. 1, D-86135 Augsburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Affiliation(s)
- B. Schweer
- Institut für Plasmaphysik, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, EURATOM Association, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, 52425 Jülich, Germany, (49)2461-615536
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Klepper CC, Caughman JP, Martin EH, Kreter A, Schweer B, Unterberg B. Feasibility of an In-Vacuo Implementation of Glow-Discharge Optical Spectroscopy and Status of Its Development for the PSI-2 Facility. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst13-a16903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. C. Klepper
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6169, USA
| | - J. P. Caughman
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6169, USA
| | - E. H. Martin
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6169, USA
| | - A. Kreter
- Institute for Energy and Climate Research - Plasma Physics, Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH, Association EURATOMFZJ, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, Jülich, Germany
| | - B. Schweer
- Institute for Energy and Climate Research - Plasma Physics, Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH, Association EURATOMFZJ, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, Jülich, Germany
| | - B. Unterberg
- Institute for Energy and Climate Research - Plasma Physics, Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH, Association EURATOMFZJ, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, Jülich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Affiliation(s)
- B. Schweer
- Institut für Plasmaphysik, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, EURATOM Association, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, 52425 Jülich, Germany, (49)2461-614800
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Schweer B. Application of Atomic Beams in Combination with Spectroscopic Observation for Plasma Diagnostic. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst08-a1728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. Schweer
- Institut für Energieforschung / Plasmaphysik, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, EURATOM Association, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, 52425 Jülich, Germany, (49)2461-614800
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Huber A, Burdakov A, Zlobinski M, Wirtz M, Coenen JW, Linke J, Mertens P, Philipps V, Pintsuk G, Schweer B, Sergienko G, Shoshin A, Samm U, Unterberg B. Investigation of the Impact on Tungsten of Transient Heat Loads Induced by Laser Irradiation, Electron Beams and Plasma Guns. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst13-a16904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Huber
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research – Plasma Physics (IEK-4), Forschungszentrum Jülich, EURATOM Association, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, D-52425 Jülich, Germany,
| | - A. Burdakov
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics (BINP), Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - M. Zlobinski
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research – Plasma Physics (IEK-4), Forschungszentrum Jülich, EURATOM Association, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, D-52425 Jülich, Germany,
| | - M. Wirtz
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research – Microstructure and Properties of Materials (IEK-2), Forschungszentrum Jülich, EURATOM Association, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - J. W. Coenen
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research – Plasma Physics (IEK-4), Forschungszentrum Jülich, EURATOM Association, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, D-52425 Jülich, Germany,
| | - J. Linke
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research – Microstructure and Properties of Materials (IEK-2), Forschungszentrum Jülich, EURATOM Association, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Ph. Mertens
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research – Plasma Physics (IEK-4), Forschungszentrum Jülich, EURATOM Association, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, D-52425 Jülich, Germany,
| | - V. Philipps
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research – Plasma Physics (IEK-4), Forschungszentrum Jülich, EURATOM Association, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, D-52425 Jülich, Germany,
| | - G. Pintsuk
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research – Microstructure and Properties of Materials (IEK-2), Forschungszentrum Jülich, EURATOM Association, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - B. Schweer
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research – Plasma Physics (IEK-4), Forschungszentrum Jülich, EURATOM Association, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, D-52425 Jülich, Germany,
| | - G. Sergienko
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research – Plasma Physics (IEK-4), Forschungszentrum Jülich, EURATOM Association, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, D-52425 Jülich, Germany,
| | - A. Shoshin
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics (BINP), Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - U. Samm
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research – Plasma Physics (IEK-4), Forschungszentrum Jülich, EURATOM Association, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, D-52425 Jülich, Germany,
| | - B. Unterberg
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research – Plasma Physics (IEK-4), Forschungszentrum Jülich, EURATOM Association, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, D-52425 Jülich, Germany,
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Hubeny M, Schweer B, Luggenhölscher D, Czarnetzki U, Unterberg B. Thomson scattering of plasma turbulence on PSI-2. Nuclear Materials and Energy 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nme.2016.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
19
|
Finken KH, Abdullaev SS, De Bock MFM, Giesen B, von Hellermann M, Hogeweij GMD, Jakubowski M, Jaspers R, Kobayashi M, Koslowski HR, Lehnen M, Matsunaga G, Neubauer O, Pospieszczyk A, Samm U, Schweer B, Wolf R. Background and Initial Experiments with the Dynamic Ergodic Divertor on TEXTOR. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst05-a690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. H. Finken
- Institut für Plasmaphysik, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, EURATOM Association Trilateral Euregio Cluster, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - S. S. Abdullaev
- Institut für Plasmaphysik, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, EURATOM Association Trilateral Euregio Cluster, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - M. F. M. De Bock
- FOM-Institute for Plasma Physics Rijnhuizen, Association EURATOM-FOM, Trilateral Euregio Cluster P.O. Box 1207, NL-3430 BE Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - B. Giesen
- Institut für Plasmaphysik, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, EURATOM Association Trilateral Euregio Cluster, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - M. von Hellermann
- FOM-Institute for Plasma Physics Rijnhuizen, Association EURATOM-FOM, Trilateral Euregio Cluster P.O. Box 1207, NL-3430 BE Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - G. M. D. Hogeweij
- FOM-Institute for Plasma Physics Rijnhuizen, Association EURATOM-FOM, Trilateral Euregio Cluster P.O. Box 1207, NL-3430 BE Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - M. Jakubowski
- Institut für Plasmaphysik, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, EURATOM Association Trilateral Euregio Cluster, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - R. Jaspers
- FOM-Institute for Plasma Physics Rijnhuizen, Association EURATOM-FOM, Trilateral Euregio Cluster P.O. Box 1207, NL-3430 BE Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - M. Kobayashi
- Institut für Plasmaphysik, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, EURATOM Association Trilateral Euregio Cluster, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - H. R. Koslowski
- Institut für Plasmaphysik, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, EURATOM Association Trilateral Euregio Cluster, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - M. Lehnen
- Institut für Plasmaphysik, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, EURATOM Association Trilateral Euregio Cluster, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - G. Matsunaga
- Institut für Plasmaphysik, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, EURATOM Association Trilateral Euregio Cluster, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - O. Neubauer
- Institut für Plasmaphysik, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, EURATOM Association Trilateral Euregio Cluster, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - A. Pospieszczyk
- Institut für Plasmaphysik, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, EURATOM Association Trilateral Euregio Cluster, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - U. Samm
- Institut für Plasmaphysik, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, EURATOM Association Trilateral Euregio Cluster, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - B. Schweer
- Institut für Plasmaphysik, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, EURATOM Association Trilateral Euregio Cluster, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - R. Wolf
- Institut für Plasmaphysik, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, EURATOM Association Trilateral Euregio Cluster, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Brezinsek S, Huber A, Jachmich S, Pospieszczyk A, Schweer B, Sergienko G. Plasma Edge Diagnostics for TEXTOR. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst05-a701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Brezinsek
- Institut für Plasmaphysik, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH EURATOM Association, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - A. Huber
- Institut für Plasmaphysik, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH EURATOM Association, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - S. Jachmich
- Laboratory for Plasma Physics, Ecole Royale Militaire - Koninklijke Militaire School Association EURATOM-Belgian State, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - A. Pospieszczyk
- Institut für Plasmaphysik, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH EURATOM Association, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - B. Schweer
- Institut für Plasmaphysik, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH EURATOM Association, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - G. Sergienko
- Institut für Plasmaphysik, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH EURATOM Association, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Schweer B, Brezinsek S, Esser HG, Huber A, Mertens P, Musso S, Philipps V, Pospieszczyk A, Samm U, Sergienko G, Wienhold P. Limiter Lock Systems at TEXTOR: Flexible Tools for Plasma-Wall Investigation. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst05-a695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. Schweer
- Institut für Plasmaphysik, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, EURATOM Association Trilateral Euregio Cluster, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - S. Brezinsek
- Institut für Plasmaphysik, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, EURATOM Association Trilateral Euregio Cluster, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - H. G. Esser
- Institut für Plasmaphysik, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, EURATOM Association Trilateral Euregio Cluster, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - A. Huber
- Institut für Plasmaphysik, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, EURATOM Association Trilateral Euregio Cluster, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Ph. Mertens
- Institut für Plasmaphysik, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, EURATOM Association Trilateral Euregio Cluster, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - S. Musso
- Institut für Plasmaphysik, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, EURATOM Association Trilateral Euregio Cluster, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - V. Philipps
- Institut für Plasmaphysik, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, EURATOM Association Trilateral Euregio Cluster, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - A. Pospieszczyk
- Institut für Plasmaphysik, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, EURATOM Association Trilateral Euregio Cluster, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - U. Samm
- Institut für Plasmaphysik, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, EURATOM Association Trilateral Euregio Cluster, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - G. Sergienko
- Institut für Plasmaphysik, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, EURATOM Association Trilateral Euregio Cluster, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - P. Wienhold
- Institut für Plasmaphysik, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, EURATOM Association Trilateral Euregio Cluster, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Kreter A, Brandt C, Huber A, Kraus S, MÖller S, Reinhart M, Schweer B, Sergienko G, Unterberg B. Linear Plasma Device PSI-2 for Plasma-Material Interaction Studies. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst14-906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Kreter
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung – Plasmaphysik, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - C. Brandt
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung – Plasmaphysik, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - A. Huber
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung – Plasmaphysik, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - S. Kraus
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung – Plasmaphysik, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - S. MÖller
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung – Plasmaphysik, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - M. Reinhart
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung – Plasmaphysik, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - B. Schweer
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung – Plasmaphysik, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - G. Sergienko
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung – Plasmaphysik, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - B. Unterberg
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung – Plasmaphysik, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Griener M, Schmitz O, Bald K, Bösser D, Cavedon M, De Marné P, Eich T, Fuchert G, Herrmann A, Kappatou A, Lunt T, Rohde V, Schweer B, Sochor M, Stroth U, Terra A, Wolfrum E. Fast piezoelectric valve offering controlled gas injection in magnetically confined fusion plasmas for diagnostic and fuelling purposes. Rev Sci Instrum 2017; 88:033509. [PMID: 28372367 DOI: 10.1063/1.4978629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In magnetically confined fusion plasmas controlled gas injection is crucial for plasma fuelling as well as for various diagnostic applications such as active spectroscopy. We present a new, versatile system for the injection of collimated thermal gas beams into a vacuum chamber. This system consists of a gas pressure chamber, sealed by a custom made piezo valve towards a small capillary for gas injection. The setup can directly be placed inside of the vacuum chamber of fusion devices as it is small and immune against high magnetic fields. This enables gas injection close to the plasma periphery with high duty cycles and fast switch on/off times ≲ 0.5 ms. In this work, we present the design details of this new injection system and a systematic characterization of the beam properties as well as the gas flowrates which can be accomplished. The thin and relatively short capillary yields a small divergence of the injected beam with a half opening angle of 20°. The gas box is designed for pre-fill pressures of 10 mbar up to 100 bars and makes a flowrate accessible from 1018 part/s up to 1023 part/s. It hence is a versatile system for both diagnostic as well as fuelling applications. The implementation of this system in ASDEX Upgrade will be described and its application for line ratio spectroscopy on helium will be demonstrated on a selected example.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Griener
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Boltzmannstr. 2, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - O Schmitz
- Department of Engineering Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - K Bald
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Boltzmannstr. 2, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - D Bösser
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Boltzmannstr. 2, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - M Cavedon
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Boltzmannstr. 2, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - P De Marné
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Boltzmannstr. 2, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - T Eich
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Boltzmannstr. 2, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - G Fuchert
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Wendelsteinstr. 1, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - A Herrmann
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Boltzmannstr. 2, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - A Kappatou
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Boltzmannstr. 2, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - T Lunt
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Boltzmannstr. 2, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - V Rohde
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Boltzmannstr. 2, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - B Schweer
- FZ Jülich, Institute for Energy- and Climate Research, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - M Sochor
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Boltzmannstr. 2, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - U Stroth
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Boltzmannstr. 2, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - A Terra
- FZ Jülich, Institute for Energy- and Climate Research, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - E Wolfrum
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Boltzmannstr. 2, 85748 Garching, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Krychowiak M, Adnan A, Alonso A, Andreeva T, Baldzuhn J, Barbui T, Beurskens M, Biel W, Biedermann C, Blackwell BD, Bosch HS, Bozhenkov S, Brakel R, Bräuer T, Brotas de Carvalho B, Burhenn R, Buttenschön B, Cappa A, Cseh G, Czarnecka A, Dinklage A, Drews P, Dzikowicka A, Effenberg F, Endler M, Erckmann V, Estrada T, Ford O, Fornal T, Frerichs H, Fuchert G, Geiger J, Grulke O, Harris JH, Hartfuß HJ, Hartmann D, Hathiramani D, Hirsch M, Höfel U, Jabłoński S, Jakubowski MW, Kaczmarczyk J, Klinger T, Klose S, Knauer J, Kocsis G, König R, Kornejew P, Krämer-Flecken A, Krawczyk N, Kremeyer T, Książek I, Kubkowska M, Langenberg A, Laqua HP, Laux M, Lazerson S, Liang Y, Liu SC, Lorenz A, Marchuk AO, Marsen S, Moncada V, Naujoks D, Neilson H, Neubauer O, Neuner U, Niemann H, Oosterbeek JW, Otte M, Pablant N, Pasch E, Sunn Pedersen T, Pisano F, Rahbarnia K, Ryć L, Schmitz O, Schmuck S, Schneider W, Schröder T, Schuhmacher H, Schweer B, Standley B, Stange T, Stephey L, Svensson J, Szabolics T, Szepesi T, Thomsen H, Travere JM, Trimino Mora H, Tsuchiya H, Weir GM, Wenzel U, Werner A, Wiegel B, Windisch T, Wolf R, Wurden GA, Zhang D, Zimbal A, Zoletnik S. Overview of diagnostic performance and results for the first operation phase in Wendelstein 7-X (invited). Rev Sci Instrum 2016; 87:11D304. [PMID: 27910389 DOI: 10.1063/1.4964376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Wendelstein 7-X, a superconducting optimized stellarator built in Greifswald/Germany, started its first plasmas with the last closed flux surface (LCFS) defined by 5 uncooled graphite limiters in December 2015. At the end of the 10 weeks long experimental campaign (OP1.1) more than 20 independent diagnostic systems were in operation, allowing detailed studies of many interesting plasma phenomena. For example, fast neutral gas manometers supported by video cameras (including one fast-frame camera with frame rates of tens of kHz) as well as visible cameras with different interference filters, with field of views covering all ten half-modules of the stellarator, discovered a MARFE-like radiation zone on the inboard side of machine module 4. This structure is presumably triggered by an inadvertent plasma-wall interaction in module 4 resulting in a high impurity influx that terminates some discharges by radiation cooling. The main plasma parameters achieved in OP1.1 exceeded predicted values in discharges of a length reaching 6 s. Although OP1.1 is characterized by short pulses, many of the diagnostics are already designed for quasi-steady state operation of 30 min discharges heated at 10 MW of ECRH. An overview of diagnostic performance for OP1.1 is given, including some highlights from the physics campaigns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Krychowiak
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - A Adnan
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - A Alonso
- Laboratorio Nacional de Fusión, CIEMAT, Avenida Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - T Andreeva
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - J Baldzuhn
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - T Barbui
- University of Wisconsin, Engineering Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - M Beurskens
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - W Biel
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung - Plasmaphysik, Partner of the Trilateral Euregio Cluster (TEC), 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - C Biedermann
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - B D Blackwell
- Australian National University, Acton ACT, 2601 Canberra, Australia
| | - H S Bosch
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - S Bozhenkov
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - R Brakel
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - T Bräuer
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - B Brotas de Carvalho
- Instituto de Plasmas e Fusao Nuclear, Avenue Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - R Burhenn
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - B Buttenschön
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - A Cappa
- Laboratorio Nacional de Fusión, CIEMAT, Avenida Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - G Cseh
- Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Konkoly Thege 29-33, H-1121 Budapest, Hungary
| | - A Czarnecka
- Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion, Hery Street 23, 01-497 Warsaw, Poland
| | - A Dinklage
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - P Drews
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung - Plasmaphysik, Partner of the Trilateral Euregio Cluster (TEC), 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - A Dzikowicka
- University of Szczecin, al. Papieża Jana Pawła II 22A, Szczecin, Poland
| | - F Effenberg
- University of Wisconsin, Engineering Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - M Endler
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - V Erckmann
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - T Estrada
- Laboratorio Nacional de Fusión, CIEMAT, Avenida Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - O Ford
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - T Fornal
- Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion, Hery Street 23, 01-497 Warsaw, Poland
| | - H Frerichs
- University of Wisconsin, Engineering Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - G Fuchert
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - J Geiger
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - O Grulke
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - J H Harris
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - H J Hartfuß
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - D Hartmann
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - D Hathiramani
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - M Hirsch
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - U Höfel
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - S Jabłoński
- Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion, Hery Street 23, 01-497 Warsaw, Poland
| | - M W Jakubowski
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - J Kaczmarczyk
- Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion, Hery Street 23, 01-497 Warsaw, Poland
| | - T Klinger
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - S Klose
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - J Knauer
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - G Kocsis
- Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Konkoly Thege 29-33, H-1121 Budapest, Hungary
| | - R König
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - P Kornejew
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - A Krämer-Flecken
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung - Plasmaphysik, Partner of the Trilateral Euregio Cluster (TEC), 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - N Krawczyk
- Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion, Hery Street 23, 01-497 Warsaw, Poland
| | - T Kremeyer
- University of Wisconsin, Engineering Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - I Książek
- Opole University, pl. Kopernika 11a, 45-040 Opole, Poland
| | - M Kubkowska
- Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion, Hery Street 23, 01-497 Warsaw, Poland
| | - A Langenberg
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - H P Laqua
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - M Laux
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - S Lazerson
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, USA
| | - Y Liang
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung - Plasmaphysik, Partner of the Trilateral Euregio Cluster (TEC), 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - S C Liu
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung - Plasmaphysik, Partner of the Trilateral Euregio Cluster (TEC), 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - A Lorenz
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - A O Marchuk
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung - Plasmaphysik, Partner of the Trilateral Euregio Cluster (TEC), 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - S Marsen
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - V Moncada
- CEA, IRFM, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - D Naujoks
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - H Neilson
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, USA
| | - O Neubauer
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung - Plasmaphysik, Partner of the Trilateral Euregio Cluster (TEC), 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - U Neuner
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - H Niemann
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - J W Oosterbeek
- Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - M Otte
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - N Pablant
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, USA
| | - E Pasch
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - T Sunn Pedersen
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - F Pisano
- University of Cagliari, Via Università, 40, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - K Rahbarnia
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - L Ryć
- Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion, Hery Street 23, 01-497 Warsaw, Poland
| | - O Schmitz
- University of Wisconsin, Engineering Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - S Schmuck
- Culham Science Centre, Abingdon OX14 3DB, United Kingdom
| | - W Schneider
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - T Schröder
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - H Schuhmacher
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Bundesallee 100, 38116 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - B Schweer
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung - Plasmaphysik, Partner of the Trilateral Euregio Cluster (TEC), 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - B Standley
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - T Stange
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - L Stephey
- University of Wisconsin, Engineering Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - J Svensson
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - T Szabolics
- Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Konkoly Thege 29-33, H-1121 Budapest, Hungary
| | - T Szepesi
- Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Konkoly Thege 29-33, H-1121 Budapest, Hungary
| | - H Thomsen
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - J-M Travere
- CEA, IRFM, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - H Trimino Mora
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - H Tsuchiya
- NIFS National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - G M Weir
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - U Wenzel
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - A Werner
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - B Wiegel
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Bundesallee 100, 38116 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - T Windisch
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - R Wolf
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - G A Wurden
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - D Zhang
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - A Zimbal
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Bundesallee 100, 38116 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - S Zoletnik
- Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Konkoly Thege 29-33, H-1121 Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Barbui T, Krychowiak M, König R, Schmitz O, Muñoz Burgos JM, Schweer B, Terra A. Feasibility of line-ratio spectroscopy on helium and neon as edge diagnostic tool for Wendelstein 7-X. Rev Sci Instrum 2016; 87:11E554. [PMID: 27910613 DOI: 10.1063/1.4962989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A beam emission spectroscopy system on thermal helium (He) and neon (Ne) has been set up at Wendelstein 7-X to measure edge electron temperature and density profiles utilizing the line-ratio technique or its extension by the analysis of absolutely calibrated line emissions. The setup for a first systematic test of these techniques of quantitative atomic spectroscopy in the limiter startup phase (OP1.1) is reported together with first measured profiles. This setup and the first results are an important test for developing the technique for the upcoming high density, low temperature island divertor regime.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Barbui
- Department of Engineering Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - M Krychowiak
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - R König
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - O Schmitz
- Department of Engineering Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - J M Muñoz Burgos
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - B Schweer
- Laboratory for Plasma Physics, Ecole Royale Militaire - Koninklijke Militaire School, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - A Terra
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung-Plasmaphysik, Partner of the Trilateral Euregio Cluster (TEC), 52425 Jülich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Louche F, Křivská A, Messiaen A, Ongena J, Borsuk V, Durodié F, Schweer B. Three-dimensional modelling and numerical optimisation of the W7-X ICRH antenna. Fusion Engineering and Design 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2015.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
27
|
König R, Biel W, Biedermann C, Burhenn R, Cseh G, Czarnecka A, Endler M, Estrada T, Grulke O, Hathiramani D, Hirsch M, Jabłonski S, Jakubowski M, Kaczmarczyk J, Kasparek W, Kocsis G, Kornejew P, Krämer-Flecken A, Krychowiak M, Kubkowska M, Langenberg A, Laux M, Liang Y, Lorenz A, Neubauer O, Otte M, Pablant N, Pasch E, Pedersen TS, Schmitz O, Schneider W, Schuhmacher H, Schweer B, Thomsen H, Szepesi T, Wiegel B, Windisch T, Wolf S, Zhang D, Zoletnik S. Status of the diagnostics development for the first operation phase of the stellarator Wendelstein 7-X. Rev Sci Instrum 2014; 85:11D818. [PMID: 25430231 DOI: 10.1063/1.4889905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
An overview of the diagnostics which are essential for the first operational phase of Wendelstein 7-X and the set of diagnostics expected to be ready for operation at this time are presented. The ongoing investigations of how to cope with high levels of stray Electron Cyclotron Resonance Heating (ECRH) radiation in the ultraviolet (UV)/visible/infrared (IR) optical diagnostics are described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R König
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - W Biel
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - C Biedermann
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - R Burhenn
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - G Cseh
- Wigner RCP, RMI, Konkoly Thege 219-33, H-1121 Budapest, Hungary
| | - A Czarnecka
- IFPiLM, Hery Street 23, 01-497 Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Endler
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - T Estrada
- Laboratorio Nacional de Fusion, CIEMAT, Avenida Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - O Grulke
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - D Hathiramani
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - M Hirsch
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - S Jabłonski
- IFPiLM, Hery Street 23, 01-497 Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Jakubowski
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - W Kasparek
- IGVP, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 31, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - G Kocsis
- Wigner RCP, RMI, Konkoly Thege 219-33, H-1121 Budapest, Hungary
| | - P Kornejew
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - A Krämer-Flecken
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - M Krychowiak
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - M Kubkowska
- IFPiLM, Hery Street 23, 01-497 Warsaw, Poland
| | - A Langenberg
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - M Laux
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Y Liang
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - A Lorenz
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - O Neubauer
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - M Otte
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - N Pablant
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, USA
| | - E Pasch
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - T S Pedersen
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - O Schmitz
- Department of Engineering Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1500 Engineering Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - W Schneider
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - H Schuhmacher
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Bundesallee 100, 38116 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - B Schweer
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - H Thomsen
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - T Szepesi
- Wigner RCP, RMI, Konkoly Thege 219-33, H-1121 Budapest, Hungary
| | - B Wiegel
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Bundesallee 100, 38116 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - T Windisch
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - S Wolf
- IGVP, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 31, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - D Zhang
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - S Zoletnik
- Wigner RCP, RMI, Konkoly Thege 219-33, H-1121 Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Terra A, Huber A, Schweer B, Mertens P, Arnoux G, Balshaw N, Brezinsek S, Egner S, Hartl M, Kampf D, Klammer J, Lambertz H, Morlock C, Murari A, Reindl M, Sanders S, Sergienko G, Spencer G, Samm U, Zauner C. Engineering aspects of a fully mirrored endoscope. Fusion Engineering and Design 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2013.01.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
29
|
Huber A, Brezinsek S, Mertens P, Schweer B, Sergienko G, Terra A, Arnoux G, Balshaw N, Clever M, Edlingdon T, Egner S, Farthing J, Hartl M, Horton L, Kampf D, Klammer J, Lambertz H, Matthews G, Morlock C, Murari A, Reindl M, Riccardo V, Samm U, Sanders S, Stamp M, Williams J, Zastrow K, Zauner C. A new radiation-hard endoscope for divertor spectroscopy on JET. Fusion Engineering and Design 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2013.02.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
30
|
Bonheure G, Van Wassenhove G, Hult M, González de Orduña R, Strivay D, Vermaercke P, Delvigne T, Chene G, Delhalle R, Huber A, Schweer B, Esser G, Biel W, Neubauer O. Investigation of advanced materials for fusion alpha particle diagnostics. Fusion Engineering and Design 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2013.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
31
|
Shesterikov I, Xu Y, Berte M, Dumortier P, Van Schoor M, Vergote M, Schweer B, Van Oost G. Development of the gas-puff imaging diagnostic in the TEXTOR tokamak. Rev Sci Instrum 2013; 84:053501. [PMID: 23742545 DOI: 10.1063/1.4803934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Gas puff imaging (GPI) [S. J. Zweben, D. P. Stotler et al., Phys. Plasmas 9, 1981 (2002); R. J. Maqueda, G. A. Wurden et al., Rev. Sci. Instrum. 74, 2020 (2003)] is a powerful diagnostic that permits a two-dimensional measurement of turbulence in the edge region of a fusion plasma and is based on the observation of the local emission of a neutral gas, actively puffed into the periphery of the plasma. The developed in-vessel GPI telescope observes the emission from the puffed gas along local (at the puff) magnetic field lines. The GPI telescope is specially designed to operate in severe TEXTOR conditions and can be treated as a prototype for the GPI systems on next generation machines. Also, the gas puff nozzle is designed to have a lower divergence of the gas flow than previous GPI diagnostics. The resulting images show poloidally and radially propagating structures, which are associated with plasma blobs. We demonstrate that the local gas puff does not disturb plasma properties. Our results indicate also that the neutral gas emission intensity is more sensitive to the electron density than the electron temperature. Here, we present implementation details of the GPI system on TEXTOR and discuss some design and diagnostic issues related to the development of GPI systems in general.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Shesterikov
- Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas, Association Euratom-Belgian state, Ecole Royale Militaire, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Arnoux G, Devaux S, Alves D, Balboa I, Balorin C, Balshaw N, Beldishevski M, Carvalho P, Clever M, Cramp S, de Pablos JL, de la Cal E, Falie D, Garcia-Sanchez P, Felton R, Gervaise V, Goodyear A, Horton A, Jachmich S, Huber A, Jouve M, Kinna D, Kruezi U, Manzanares A, Martin V, McCullen P, Moncada V, Obrejan K, Patel K, Lomas PJ, Neto A, Rimini F, Ruset C, Schweer B, Sergienko G, Sieglin B, Soleto A, Stamp M, Stephen A, Thomas PD, Valcárcel DF, Williams J, Wilson J, Zastrow KD. A protection system for the JET ITER-like wall based on imaging diagnostics. Rev Sci Instrum 2012; 83:10D727. [PMID: 23130796 DOI: 10.1063/1.4738742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The new JET ITER-like wall (made of beryllium and tungsten) is more fragile than the former carbon fiber composite wall and requires active protection to prevent excessive heat loads on the plasma facing components (PFC). Analog CCD cameras operating in the near infrared wavelength are used to measure surface temperature of the PFCs. Region of interest (ROI) analysis is performed in real time and the maximum temperature measured in each ROI is sent to the vessel thermal map. The protection of the ITER-like wall system started in October 2011 and has already successfully led to a safe landing of the plasma when hot spots were observed on the Be main chamber PFCs. Divertor protection is more of a challenge due to dust deposits that often generate false hot spots. In this contribution we describe the camera, data capture and real time processing systems. We discuss the calibration strategy for the temperature measurements with cross validation with thermal IR cameras and bi-color pyrometers. Most importantly, we demonstrate that a protection system based on CCD cameras can work and show examples of hot spot detections that stop the plasma pulse. The limits of such a design and the associated constraints on the operations are also presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Arnoux
- Euratom/CCFE Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, Oxon, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Huber A, Brezinsek S, Mertens P, Schweer B, Sergienko G, Terra A, Arnoux G, Balshaw N, Clever M, Edlingdon T, Egner S, Farthing J, Hartl M, Horton L, Kampf D, Klammer J, Lambertz HT, Matthews GF, Morlock C, Murari A, Reindl M, Riccardo V, Samm U, Sanders S, Stamp M, Williams J, Zastrow KD, Zauner C. Development of a mirror-based endoscope for divertor spectroscopy on JET with the new ITER-like wall (invited). Rev Sci Instrum 2012; 83:10D511. [PMID: 23130790 DOI: 10.1063/1.4731759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A new endoscope with optimised divertor view has been developed in order to survey and monitor the emission of specific impurities such as tungsten and the remaining carbon as well as beryllium in the tungsten divertor of JET after the implementation of the ITER-like wall in 2011. The endoscope is a prototype for testing an ITER relevant design concept based on reflective optics only. It may be subject to high neutron fluxes as expected in ITER. The operating wavelength range, from 390 nm to 2500 nm, allows the measurements of the emission of all expected impurities (W I, Be II, C I, C II, C III) with high optical transmittance (≥ 30% in the designed wavelength range) as well as high spatial resolution that is ≤ 2 mm at the object plane and ≤ 3 mm for the full depth of field (± 0.7 m). The new optical design includes options for in situ calibration of the endoscope transmittance during the experimental campaign, which allows the continuous tracing of possible transmittance degradation with time due to impurity deposition and erosion by fast neutral particles. In parallel to the new optical design, a new type of possibly ITER relevant shutter system based on pneumatic techniques has been developed and integrated into the endoscope head. The endoscope is equipped with four digital CCD cameras, each combined with two filter wheels for narrow band interference and neutral density filters. Additionally, two protection cameras in the λ > 0.95 μm range have been integrated in the optical design for the real time wall protection during the plasma operation of JET.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Huber
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research - Plasma Physics, Forschungszentrum Jülich, EURATOM Association, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, D-52425 Jülich, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Bonheure G, Mlynar J, Van Wassenhove G, Hult M, González de Orduña R, Lutter G, Vermaercke P, Huber A, Schweer B, Esser G, Biel W. First fusion proton measurements in TEXTOR plasmas using activation technique. Rev Sci Instrum 2012; 83:10D318. [PMID: 23126844 DOI: 10.1063/1.4739228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
MeV particle loss measurements from fusion plasmas, in particular alpha particles, remain difficult in large fusion devices and further R&D is needed for ITER. This paper describes the first attempt to measure 3 MeV escaping fusion protons emitted from TEXTOR tokamak plasmas using activation technique. This technique was successfully demonstrated, initially, in 2006 on the JET tokamak. An ion camera equipped with a collimator and several types of activation detectors was installed inside the TEXTOR vacuum vessel to perform these measurements. After irradiation, the detectors were analyzed using ultra low level gamma-ray spectrometry at the HADES underground laboratory. 3 MeV escaping fusion protons were detected in larger number -~6 times more--compared to earlier measurements using this technique on JET. Another major progress was the reduction of the cooling time by a factor of 50, which made possible to detect radionuclides with half-life of less than 90 min.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Bonheure
- ERM-KMS, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Rubel M, Ivanova D, Philipps V, Zlobinski M, Huber A, Petersson P, Schweer B. Efficiency of fuel removal techniques tested on plasma-facing components from the TEXTOR tokamak. Fusion Engineering and Design 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2012.02.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
36
|
Kruezi U, Stoschus H, Schweer B, Sergienko G, Samm U. Supersonic helium beam diagnostic for fluctuation measurements of electron temperature and density at the Tokamak TEXTOR. Rev Sci Instrum 2012; 83:065107. [PMID: 22755662 DOI: 10.1063/1.4707150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A supersonic helium beam diagnostic, based on the line-ratio technique for high resolution electron density and temperature measurements in the plasma edge (r/a > 0.9) was designed, built, and optimised at TEXTOR (Torus Experiment for Technology Oriented Research). The supersonic injection system, based on the Campargue skimmer-nozzle concept, was developed and optimised in order to provide both a high neutral helium beam density of n(0) = 1.5 × 10(18) m(-3) and a low beam divergence of ±1° simultaneously, achieving a poloidal resolution of Δ(poloidal) = 9 mm. The setup utilises a newly developed dead volume free piezo valve for operation in a high magnetic field environment of up to 2 T with a maximum repetition rate of 80 Hz. Gas injections are realised for a duration of 120 ms at a repetition rate of 2 Hz (duty cycle 1/3). In combination with a high sensitivity detection system, consisting of three 32 multi-channel photomultipliers (PMTs), measurements of edge electron temperature and density with a radial resolution of Δ(radial) = 2 mm and a maximum temporal resolution of Δt ≃ 2 μs (470 kHz) are possible for the first time. The diagnostic setup at TEXTOR is presented. The newly developed injection system and its theoretical bases are discussed. The applicability of the stationary collisional-radiative model as basis of the line-ratio technique is shown. Finally, an example of a fluctuation analysis demonstrating the unique high temporal and spatial resolution capabilities of this new diagnostic is presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- U Kruezi
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research, Plasma Physics, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Association EURATOM-FZJ, Partner in the Trilateral Euregio Cluster, Jülich, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Listopad A, Coenen J, Davydenko V, Ivanov A, Mishagin V, Savkin V, Schweer B, Shulzhenko G, Uhlemann R. Use of the focusing multi-slit ion optical system at RUssian Diagnostic Injector (RUDI). Rev Sci Instrum 2012; 83:02B707. [PMID: 22380312 DOI: 10.1063/1.3669794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The upgrade of the diagnostic neutral beam injector RUDI in 2010 was performed to increase the beam density at the focal plane in accordance with the requirements of charge-exchange recombination spectroscopy diagnostics. A new focusing ion-optical system (IOS) with slit beamlets and an enlarged aperture was optimized for 50% higher nominal beam current and reduced angular divergence with respect to the previous multi-aperture IOS version. The upgraded injector provides the beam current up to 3 A, the measured beam divergence in the direction along the slits is 0.35°. Additionally, the plasma generator was modified to extend the beam pulse to 8 s.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Listopad
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
van den Berg M, Brons S, Kruijt O, Scholten J, Pasquet R, Smeets P, Schweer B, De Temmerman G. The target for the new plasma/wall experiment Magnum-PSI. Fusion Engineering and Design 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2011.01.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
39
|
Huber A, Schweer B, Philipps V, Gierse N, Zlobinski M, Brezinsek S, Biel W, Kotov V, Leyte-Gonzales R, Mertens P, Samm U. Development of laser-based diagnostics for surface characterisation of wall components in fusion devices. Fusion Engineering and Design 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2011.01.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
40
|
Zlobinski M, Philipps V, Schweer B, Huber A, Brezinsek S, Schulz C, Möller S, Samm U. Laser induced desorption as tritium retention diagnostic method in ITER. Fusion Engineering and Design 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2011.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
41
|
Nicolai D, Charl A, Czymek G, Knaup M, Mertens P, Neubauer O, Panin A, Reimer H, Schweer B, Uhlemann R. Upgrade of the material ion beam test facility MARION for enhanced requirements of JET and ITER. Fusion Engineering and Design 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2011.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
42
|
Davydenko V, Ivanov A, Deichuli P, Belov V, Gorbovsky A, Mishagin V, Shikhovtsev I, Sorokin A, Stupishin A, Shulzhenko G, Fiksel G, Schweer B. Development of Focused Neutral Beams with Small Angular Divergence for Plasma Heating and Diagnostics. Fusion Science and Technology 2011. [DOI: 10.13182/fst11-a11590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V.I. Davydenko
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia,
- Novosibirsk State University, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - A.A. Ivanov
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia,
- Novosibirsk State University, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - P.P. Deichuli
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia,
- Novosibirsk State University, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - V.P. Belov
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia,
| | - A.I. Gorbovsky
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia,
| | - V.V. Mishagin
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia,
| | - I.V. Shikhovtsev
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia,
- Novosibirsk State University, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - A.V. Sorokin
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia,
- Novosibirsk State University, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - A.V. Stupishin
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia,
- Novosibirsk State University, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - G.I. Shulzhenko
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia,
| | - G. Fiksel
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - B. Schweer
- Trilateral Euregio Cluster, Institut fuer Energieforschung-Plasmaphysik, Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH, Association EURATOM-FZJ, 52425 Juelich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Listopad A, Davydenko V, Freutel S, Ivanov A, Schweer B, Zlobinski M. Characterization of RUDI Neutral Beam Parameters by Optical Diagnostics. Fusion Science and Technology 2011. [DOI: 10.13182/fst11-a11633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Listopad
- Trilateral Euregio Cluster, Institut fuer Energieforschung-Plasmaphysik, Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH, Association EURATOM-KFA, 52425 Juelich, Germany
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - V. Davydenko
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - S. Freutel
- Trilateral Euregio Cluster, Institut fuer Energieforschung-Plasmaphysik, Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH, Association EURATOM-KFA, 52425 Juelich, Germany
| | - A. Ivanov
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - B. Schweer
- Trilateral Euregio Cluster, Institut fuer Energieforschung-Plasmaphysik, Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH, Association EURATOM-KFA, 52425 Juelich, Germany
| | - M. Zlobinski
- Trilateral Euregio Cluster, Institut fuer Energieforschung-Plasmaphysik, Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH, Association EURATOM-KFA, 52425 Juelich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Rapp J, Koppers W, van Eck H, van Rooij G, Goedheer W, de Groot B, Al R, Graswinckel M, van den Berg M, Kruyt O, Smeets P, van der Meiden H, Vijvers W, Scholten J, van de Pol M, Brons S, Melissen W, van der Grift T, Koch R, Schweer B, Samm U, Philipps V, Engeln R, Schram D, Lopes Cardozo N, Kleyn A. Construction of the plasma-wall experiment Magnum-PSI. Fusion Engineering and Design 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2010.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
45
|
König R, Baldzuhn J, Biel W, Biedermann C, Burhenn R, Bozhenkov S, Cantarini J, Dreier H, Endler M, Hartfuss HJ, Hildebrandt D, Hirsch M, Jakubowski M, Jimenez-Gomez R, Kocsis G, Kornejev P, Krychowiak M, Laqua HP, Laux M, Oosterbeek JW, Pasch E, Richert T, Schneider W, Schweer B, Svensson J, Thomsen H, Weller A, Werner A, Wolf R, Zhang D, Zoletnik S. Diagnostics design for steady-state operation of the Wendelstein 7-X stellarator. Rev Sci Instrum 2010; 81:10E133. [PMID: 21033995 DOI: 10.1063/1.3483210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The status of the diagnostic developments for the quasistationary operable stellarator Wendelstein 7-X (maximum pulse length of 30 min at 10 MW ECRH heating at 140 GHz) will be reported on. Significant emphasis is being given to the issue of ECRH stray radiation shielding of in-vessel diagnostic components, which will be critical at high density operation requiring O2 and OXB heating.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R König
- Max-Planck-Institute für Plasmaphysik, EURATOM Association, Greifswald D-1749, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Listopad AA, Coenen JW, Davydenko VI, Deichuli PP, Ivanov AA, Mishagin VV, Savkin VY, Schalt W, Schweer B, Shulzhenko GI, Stupishin NV, Uhlemann R. Operation and upgrade of diagnostic neutral beam injector RUDI at TEXTOR tokamak. Rev Sci Instrum 2010; 81:02B104. [PMID: 20192411 DOI: 10.1063/1.3264633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The status and the executing modernization of RUssian Diagnostic Injector (RUDI) are described. The ion source consists of arc plasma emitter and multiaperture four-electrode ion optical system. The present ion optical system with round beamlets is to be replaced by new slit apertures system for the reducing beam angular divergence in one direction. Due to enlarged dimensions and transparency of new ion optical system the extracted ion beam current will be by 50% increased. For the extension of beam pulse duration from 4 s to 8-10 s an optimized metal-ceramic arc-discharge channel is introduced. In the paper, the optical measurements results of beam parameters, including the profile of species distribution, scanned by custom-built multichannel spectroscope, are also presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A A Listopad
- Trilateral Euregio Cluster, Institut fuer Energieforschung-Plasmaphysik, Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH, Association EURATOM-FZJ, 52425 Juelich, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Schweer B. Application of Atomic Beams in Combination with Spectroscopic Observation for Plasma Diagnostic. Fusion Science and Technology 2010. [DOI: 10.13182/fst10-a9434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. Schweer
- Institut für Energieforschung / Plasmaphysik, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, EURATOM Association, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, 52425 Jülich, Germany, (49)2461-614800
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Lizunov A, Bagryansky P, Khilchenko A, Kovalenko YV, Solomakhin A, Biel W, Lambertz HT, Krasikov Y, Mitri M, Schweer B, Dreier H. Development of a multichannel dispersion interferometer at TEXTOR. Rev Sci Instrum 2008; 79:10E708. [PMID: 19044526 DOI: 10.1063/1.2969466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The design and main characteristics of 14-channel dispersion interferometer for plasma profile measurement and control in TEXTOR tokamak are presented. The diagnostic is engineered on the basis of modular concept, the 10.6 microm CO(2) laser source and all optical and mechanical elements of each module are arranged in a compact housing. A set of mirrors and retroreflectors inside the TEXTOR vacuum vessel provides full coverage of the torus cross section with 12 vertical and two diagonal lines of sight, no rigid frame for vibration isolation is required. Results of testing of the single-channel prototype diagnostic and the pilot module of the multichannel dispersion interferometer are presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Lizunov
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Mertens P, Hirai T, Linke J, Neubauer O, Pintsuk G, Philipps V, Sadakov S, Samm U, Schweer B. Conceptual design for a bulk tungsten divertor tile in JET. Fusion Engineering and Design 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2007.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
50
|
Tsuzuki K, Hirai T, Kusama Y, Phillips V, Pospiesczck A, Sakamoto M, Sakawa Y, Sergienko G, Schweer B, Tanabe T, Ueda Y. Exposure of reduced activation ferritic steel F82H to TEXTOR plasma. Fusion Engineering and Design 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2005.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|