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Validation of the Italian version of a patient-reported outcome measure for Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301452. [PMID: 38557877 PMCID: PMC10984402 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are recognized as valuable measures in the clinical setting. In 2018 we developed the Italian version of the "Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia-Self Notion and Perception Questionnaire" (HSP-SNAP), a disease-specific questionnaire that collects personal perception on motor symptoms related to HSP such as stiffness, weakness, imbalance, reduced endurance, fatigue and pain. In this study our primary aim was to assess the questionnaire validity and reliability. Our secondary aim was to characterize the symptoms "perceived" by patients with HSP and compare them with those "perceived" by age-matched healthy subjects. METHODS The 12-item HSP-SNAP questionnaire was submitted to 20 external judges for comprehensibility and to 15 external judges for content validity assessment. We recruited 40 subjects with HSP and asked them to fill the questionnaire twice for test-retest procedure. They also completed the Medical Outcome Survey Short Form (SF-36) and were evaluated by the Spastic Paraplegia Rating Scale and the Six-Minute Walk Test. We also recruited 44 healthy subjects who completed the HSP-SNAP once to test score variability. RESULTS The HSP-SNAP content validity index was high (0.8±0.1) and the test-retest analysis showed high reliability (ICC = 0.94). The mean HSP-SNAP score (score range 0-48) of the HSP group was 22.2±7.8, which was significantly lower than healthy subjects (43.1±6.3). The most commonly perceived symptom was stiffness, followed by weakness and imbalance. CONCLUSION Although HSP-SNAP does not investigate non-motor symptoms and we validated only its Italian version, it showed good validity and reliability and it could be used in combination with other objective outcome measures for clinical purposes or as endpoints for future clinical rehabilitation studies. TRIAL REGISTRATION Trial Registration: ClinicalTrial.gov, NCT04256681. Registered 3 February 2020.
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Muscle MRI in McArdle Disease: A European Multicenter Observational Study. Neurology 2022; 99:e1664-e1675. [PMID: 35853747 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000200914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Glycogen storage disease type V (GSDV) or McArdle disease is a muscle glycogenosis that classically manifests with exercise intolerance and exercise-induced muscle pain. Muscle weakness and wasting may occur, but it is typically mild and described as located around the shoulder girdle in elderly patients. Paraspinal muscle involvement has received little attention in the literature. This study aimed to quantify fat replacement of paraspinal, shoulder, and lower limb muscles by magnetic resonance imaging in a European cohort of patients with GSDV. METHODS This observational study included patients with verified GSDV and healthy controls (HCs). Whole-body MRIs and clinical data were collected. The degree of muscle fat replacement was evaluated on T1-weighted images with the semiquantitative visual Mercuri scale and on Dixon images where individual muscle fat fractions (FFs) were quantitatively calculated. RESULTS MRIs and clinical data from a total of 57 patients with GSDV (age 44.3 ± 15.2 years) from 5 European centers were assessed and compared with findings in 30 HCs (age 42.4 ± 14.8 years). Patients with GSDV had significantly more fat replacement of the paraspinal muscles compared with HCs on all levels investigated, detected by both the Mercuri and the Dixon method (Dixon, paraspinal composite FF [GSDV vs HC] at the cervical level: 31.3 ± 13.1 vs 15.4 ± 7.8; thoracic level: 34.5±19.0 vs 16.9±8.6; and lumbar level: 43.9 ± 19.6 vs 21.8 ± 10.2 [p < 0.0001]). Patients with GSDV also had significantly more fat replacement of the shoulder muscles (evaluated by the Mercuri scale), along with significantly, but numerically less, fat replacement of thigh and calf muscles compared with HC (Dixon, lower limb composite FF [GSDV vs HC] at the thigh level: 12.0 ± 5.6 vs 8.8 ± 2.7 and calf level: 13.1 ± 6.7 vs 9.1 ± 2.9 [p ≤ 0.05]). DISCUSSION The primary findings are that patients with GSDV exhibit severe fat replacement of the paraspinal muscles, which can have important implications for the future management of patients with GSDV, and also significant fat replacement of shoulder girdle muscles as previously described. The clinical relevance of the discrete increases in lower limb FF is uncertain. The changes were found to be age-related in both groups, but an accelerated effect was found in GSDV, probably due to continuous muscle damage.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Toronto's Drug Checking Service (DCS) provides people who use drugs with information on the chemical composition of their substances and conducts real-time monitoring of the unregulated drug supply. Presented are first known data of three newly detected synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) in Toronto, Ontario. METHODS The present data are from samples analyzed between April and November 2020. Samples were collected at partnering harm reduction agencies in Toronto and analyzed using gas or liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. An intake survey queried about the sample characteristics on submission, including expected drug(s). RESULTS Samples were analyzed between 1 April and 20 November 2020 (N = 19), which marks the period immediately following imposed COVID-19 border and movement restrictions in Canada. The newly detected, unexpected SCs were ACHMINACA (n = 15), AB-FUBINACA (n = 3), and 4-fluoro-MDMB-BUTINACA (n = 1). Fentanyl was expected in 74% (n = 14). Most SCs were detected in samples containing fentanyl or related analogues (n = 18; 95%), or benzodiazepine-related drugs (i.e., etizolam and flualprazolam) (n = 15; 79%). CONCLUSIONS This information can inform overdose prevention efforts and drug market monitoring of SCs in Toronto and regions served by the same drug trafficking routes. The detection of SCs during a period marked by COVID-19-related restrictions can contribute to efforts to identify global drug market trends during this time.
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Clinical-Genetic Features Influencing Disability in Spastic Paraplegia Type 4. Neurol Genet 2022; 8:e664. [PMID: 35372684 PMCID: PMC8969300 DOI: 10.1212/nxg.0000000000000664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background and ObjectivesHereditary spastic paraplegias (HSPs) are a group of inherited rare neurologic disorders characterized by length-dependent degeneration of the corticospinal tracts and dorsal columns, whose prominent clinical feature is represented by spastic gait. Spastic paraplegia type 4 (SPG4, SPAST-HSP) is the most common form. We present both clinical and molecular findings of a large cohort of patients, with the aim of (1) defining the clinical spectrum of SPAST-HSP in Italy; (2) describing their molecular features; and (3) assessing genotype-phenotype correlations to identify features associated with worse disability.MethodsA cross-sectional retrospective study with molecular and clinical data collected in an anonymized database was performed.ResultsA total of 723 Italian patients with SPAST-HSP (58% men) from 316 families, with a median age at onset of 35 years, were included. Penetrance was 97.8%, with men showing higher Spastic Paraplegia Rating Scale (SPRS) scores (19.67 ± 12.58 vs 16.15 ± 12.61, p = 0.009). In 26.6% of patients with SPAST-HSP, we observed a complicated phenotype, mainly including intellectual disability (8%), polyneuropathy (6.7%), and cognitive decline (6.5%). Late-onset cases seemed to progress more rapidly, and patients with a longer disease course displayed a more severe neurologic disability, with higher SPATAX (3.61 ± 1.46 vs 2.71 ± 1.20, p < 0.001) and SPRS scores (22.63 ± 11.81 vs 12.40 ± 8.83, p < 0.001). Overall, 186 different variants in the SPAST gene were recorded, of which 48 were novel. Patients with SPAST-HSP harboring missense variants displayed intellectual disability (14.5% vs 4.4%, p < 0.001) more frequently, whereas patients with truncating variants presented more commonly cognitive decline (9.7% vs 2.6%, p = 0.001), cerebral atrophy (11.2% vs 3.4%, p = 0.003), lower limb spasticity (61.5% vs 44.5%), urinary symptoms (50.0% vs 31.3%, p < 0.001), and sensorimotor polyneuropathy (11.1% vs 1.1%, p < 0.001). Increasing disease duration (DD) and abnormal motor evoked potentials (MEPs) were also associated with increased likelihood of worse disability (SPATAX score>3).DiscussionThe SPAST-HSP phenotypic spectrum in Italian patients confirms a predominantly pure form of HSP with mild-to-moderate disability in 75% of cases, and slight prevalence of men, who appeared more severely affected. Early-onset cases with intellectual disability were more frequent among patients carrying missense SPAST variants, whereas patients with truncating variants showed a more complicated disease. Both longer DD and altered MEPs are associated with worse disability.
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IMAGING. Neuromuscul Disord 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2021.07.357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Clinical and genetic features of a large cohort of Italian SPG4 patients from the D.A.I.S.Y. collaborative network. J Neurol Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2021.118251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Gene Signature Related to Prognostic in Colon Adenocarcinoma. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11060476. [PMID: 34073426 PMCID: PMC8229043 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11060476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) remains an important cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a key mechanism, promoting not only the invasive or metastatic phenotype but also resistance to therapy. Using bioinformatics approaches, we studied the alteration on EMT related genes and its implication on COAD prognostic based on public datasets. For the EMT mechanisms, two overexpressed genes were identified (NOX4 and IGF2BP3), as well as five downregulated genes (BMP5, DACT3, EEF1A2, GCNT2 and SFRP1) that were related to prognosis in COAD. A qRT-PCR validation step was conducted in a COAD patient cohort comprising of 29 tumor tissues and 29 normal adjacent tissues, endorsing the expression level for BMP5, as well as for two of the miRNAs targeting key EMT related genes, revealing upregulation of miR-27a-5p and miR-146a-5p. The EMT signature can be used to develop a panel of biomarkers for recurrence prediction in COAD patients, which may contribute to the improvement of risk stratification for the patients.
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The Lancet NCDI Poverty Commission: bridging a gap in universal health coverage for the poorest billion. Lancet 2020; 396:991-1044. [PMID: 32941823 PMCID: PMC7489932 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(20)31907-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Multimodal MRI Longitudinal Assessment of White and Gray Matter in Different SPG Types of Hereditary Spastic Paraparesis. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:325. [PMID: 32581663 PMCID: PMC7287014 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Hereditary spastic paraplegias (HSP) are a group of genetically and clinically heterogeneous neurologic disorders. Hereby we describe a relatively large group of patients (pts) affected by HSP studied at baseline (31 pts) and at follow-up (mean period 28.9 ± 8.4 months; 23 pts) with multimodal advanced MRI: high-resolution T1 images for voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analysis, magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). An age-matched healthy control (HC) group underwent the same neuroimaging protocol in a time schedule matched with the HSP patients. At baseline, VBM showed gray matter (GM) reduction in HSP in the right pre-frontal cortex and bilaterally in the thalami. MRS at baseline depicted in HSP patients compared to the HC group reduction of NAA/Cr ratio in the right pre-frontal region, increase of Cho/Cr ratio in the right pre-central regions, and increase of mI/Cr ratio on the left pre-central area. At cross-sectional follow-up analysis and longitudinal evaluation, no VBM and MRS statistically significant results were obtained. Tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) analysis showed widespread DTI brain white matter (WM) alterations in patients compared to HC at baseline, which are characterized by reduction of fractional anisotropy (FA) and increase of mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (AD), and radial diffusivity, as confirmed on cross-analysis of the follow-up dataset. A longitudinal analysis with TBSS in HSP patients did not show significant variations, while upon applying region-based analysis we found increased FA and decreased MD and AD in specific brain WM fiber complex during follow-up. The changes were not correlated with the clinical presentation (pure vs complicated HSP), motor function, and motility indexes or history of specific treatments (botulinum toxin). In conclusion, the cross-sectional analysis of the multiparametric MRI data in our HSP patients confirmed the non-prominent involvement of the cortex in the primary motor regions but rather of other more associative areas. On the contrary, DTI demonstrated a widespread involvement of the brain WM, including the primary motor regions, which was confirmed at follow-up. The longitudinal analysis revealed an apparent inversion of tendency when considering the expected evolution of a neurodegenerative process: we detected an increase of FA and a decrease of MD and AD. These time-related modifications may suggest a repair attempt by the residual central WM fibers, which requires confirmation with a larger group of patients and with a longer time interval.
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An Emerging Class of Long Non-coding RNA With Oncogenic Role Arises From the snoRNA Host Genes. Front Oncol 2020; 10:389. [PMID: 32318335 PMCID: PMC7154078 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The small nucleolar RNA host genes (SNHGs) are a group of long non-coding RNAs, which are reported in many studies as being overexpressed in various cancers. With very few exceptions, the SNHGs (SNHG1, SNHG3, SNHG5, SNHG6, SNHG7, SNHG12, SNHG15, SNHG16, SNHG20) are recognized as inducing increased proliferation, cell cycle progression, invasion, and metastasis of cancer cells, which makes this class of transcripts a viable biomarker for cancer development and aggressiveness. Through our literature research, we also found that silencing of SNHGs through small interfering RNAs or short hairpin RNAs is very effective in both in vitro and in vivo experiments by lowering the aggressiveness of solid cancers. The knockdown of SNHG as a new cancer therapeutic option should be investigated more in the future.
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Efficacy of a Combined Treatment of Botulinum Toxin and Intensive Physiotherapy in Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:111. [PMID: 32153352 PMCID: PMC7046620 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia (HSP) is a heterogeneous group of neurodegenerative disorders characterized by progressive spasticity and lower limbs (LL) weakness. There is no treatment to cure or halt the disease, except for symptomatic therapy. The use of botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) is one of the primary treatment for focal spasticity. Physiotherapy (PT) can help in maintaining residual functioning. We performed a retrospective study to evaluate the effect of the combined BoNT-A and intensive PT in patients with HSP. Methods Eighteen adult patients (50% females) with clinical diagnosis of HSP were recruited. Eleven patients had a genetic diagnosis of SPG4, 5, 7, 8, 11, 72. Patients were all autonomously deambulant or needed support. BoNT-A was injected in 36 LL in different spastic muscles under electromyographic guidance and followed by intensive PT sessions. Outcome measures included disease severity, motor functional measures, perceived pain self-report and quality of life. Assessments occurred at baseline, 1 and 3 months after BoNT-A injection. Results Most inoculated muscles were hamstrings, rectus femoris and gastrocnemius. We observed an improvement in muscle tone, in the gait velocity and distance length. Spastic Paraplegia Rating Scale was significantly reduced after treatment, in addition to improving pain and quality of life. These results were riconfirmed in 3 months time. Conclusion Our study indicates that combined treatment of BoNT-A and PT can lead to improvement of spasticity and quality of life in patients with HSP.
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Evaluating networked drug checking services in Toronto, Ontario: study protocol and rationale. Harm Reduct J 2020; 17:9. [PMID: 32204713 PMCID: PMC7092475 DOI: 10.1186/s12954-019-0336-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The increasing incidence of fatal opioid overdose is a public health crisis in Canada. Given growing consensus that this crisis is related to the presence of highly potent opioid adulterants (e.g., fentanyl) in the unregulated drug supply, drug checking services (DCS) have emerged as part of a comprehensive approach to overdose prevention. In Canada's largest city, Toronto, a network of DCS launched in 2019 to prevent overdose and overdose-related risk behaviors. This network employs mass spectrometry technologies, with intake sites co-located with supervised consumption services (SCS) at three frontline harm reduction agencies. The protocol and rationale for assessing the impact of this multi-site DCS network in Toronto is described herein. The aims of this study are to (1) evaluate the impact of DCS access on changes in and factors influencing overdose and related risk behaviors, (2) investigate the perceived capacity of DCS to prevent overdose, and (3) identify composition (qualitative and quantitative) trends in Toronto's unregulated drug supply. METHODS We will use a parallel-mixed-methods design with complementary data sources (including data from chemical analysis of drug samples, quantitative intake and post-test surveys, SCS, coroners, paramedic services, and qualitative interviews), followed by a meta-inference process wherein results from analyses are synthesized. RESULTS Whereas most DCS globally target "recreational drug users," in Toronto, this networked DCS will primarily target marginalized people who use drugs accessing frontline services, many of whom use drugs regularly and by injection. This evolution in the application of DCS poses important questions that have not yet been explored, including optimal service delivery models and technologies, as well as unique barriers for this population. Increasing information on the unregulated drug supply may modify the risk environment for this population of people who use drugs. CONCLUSIONS This study addresses evidence gaps on the emerging continuum of overdose prevention responses and will generate critical evidence on a novel approach to reducing the ongoing high incidence of drug-related morbidity and mortality in Canada and elsewhere.
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KRAS/NRAS/BRAF Mutations as Potential Targets in Multiple Myeloma. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1137. [PMID: 31709194 PMCID: PMC6821642 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In multiple myeloma the mutational profile is mainly represented by translocations involving chromosome 14 and by single nucleotide mutations, frequently involving genes implicated in the mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, as KRAS, NRAS, and, less frequently, BRAF. Because KRAS/NRAS/BRAF mutations are associated with a higher number of mutations per patient, we hypothesize that this group of patients could benefit from therapy with checkpoint inhibitors because of the higher frequency of neo-antigens that this group would present. This might also true for IMiD therapy, because of their activatory effect on T cells. Because, KRAS/NRAS/BRAF are members of the MAPK pathway, this subgroup of patients would also benefit from inhibitors of MAPK, either directly on the specific mutation or through downstream targeting of MEK1/2 or ERK1/2 to account for a possible compensatory collateral signaling that might activate as response to upstream inhibition.
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Abstract
Childhood leukemia is mostly a "developmental accident" during fetal hematopoiesis and may require multiple prenatal and postnatal "hits". The World Health Organization defines transient leukemia of Down syndrome (DS) as increased peripheral blood blasts in neonates with DS and classifies this type of leukemia as a separate entity. Although it was shown that DS predisposes children to myeloid leukemia, neither the nature of the predisposition nor the associated genetic lesions have been defined. Acute myeloid leukemia of DS is a unique disease characterized by a long pre-leukemic, myelodysplastic phase, unusual chromosomal findings and a high cure rate. In the present manuscript, we present a comprehensive review of the literature about clinical and biological findings of transient leukemia of DS (TL-DS) and link them with the genetic discoveries in the field. We address the manuscript to the pediatric generalist and especially to the next generation of pediatric hematologists.
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Survival from childhood cancers in Eastern Africa: A population-based registry study. Int J Cancer 2018; 143:2409-2415. [PMID: 29981149 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Cancers occurring in children in Africa are often underdiagnosed, or at best diagnosed late. As a result, survival is poor, even for cancers considered 'curable'. With limited population-level data, understanding the actual burden and survival from childhood cancers in Africa is difficult. In this study, we aimed at providing survival estimates for the most common types of cancers affecting children aged 0-14 years, in three population-based Eastern African registries; Harare, Zimbabwe (Kaposi sarcoma, Wilms tumour (WT), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), retinoblastoma, and acute lymphocytic leukaemia (ALL)), Kampala, Uganda (Burkitt lymphoma, Kaposi sarcoma, WT, and retinoblastoma), and Nairobi, Kenya (ALL, retinoblastoma, WT, Burkitt lymphoma, and Hodgkin lymphoma). We included cases diagnosed within the years 1998-2009 and followed up till the end of 2011. We estimated the observed and relative survival at 1, 3, and 5 years after diagnosis. We studied 627 individual patient records. Median follow-up ranged from 2.2 months for children with Kaposi sarcoma in Harare to 30.2 months for children with ALL in Nairobi. The proportion of children lost to follow-up was highest in the first year after diagnosis. In Harare and Kampala, the 5-year relative survival was <46% for all cancer types. The 5-year relative survival was best for children in Nairobi, though with wider confidence intervals. Survival from childhood cancers in Africa is still poor, even for cancers with good prognosis and potential for cure. Supporting cancer detection, treatment, and registration activities could help improve survival chances for children with cancers in Africa.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study aimed to test the association between high and low carbohydrate diets and obesity, and second, to test the link between total carbohydrate intake (as a percentage of total energy intake) and obesity. SETTING, PARTICIPANTS AND OUTCOME MEASURES We sought MEDLINE, PubMed and Google Scholar for observation studies published between January 1990 and December 2016 assessing an association between obesity and high-carbohydrate intake. Two independent reviewers selected candidate studies, extracted data and assessed study quality. RESULTS The study identified 22 articles that fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria and quantified an association between carbohydrate intake and obesity. The first pooled strata (high-carbohydrate versus low-carbohydrate intake) suggested a weak increased risk of obesity. The second pooled strata (increasing percentage of total carbohydrate intake in daily diet) showed a weak decreased risk of obesity. Both these pooled strata estimates were, however, not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS On the basis of the current study, it cannot be concluded that a high-carbohydrate diet or increased percentage of total energy intake in the form of carbohydrates increases the odds of obesity. A central limitation of the study was the non-standard classification of dietary intake across the studies, as well as confounders like total energy intake, activity levels, age and gender. Further studies are needed that specifically classify refined versus unrefined carbohydrate intake, as well as studies that investigate the relationship between high fat, high unrefined carbohydrate-sugar diets. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42015023257.
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Abstract
Measurement of incidence rates of childhood cancer in Africa is difficult. The study 'Cancer of Childhood in sub Saharan Africa' brings together results from 16 population-based registries which, as members of the African Cancer Registry Network (AFCRN), have been evaluated as achieving adequate coverage of their target population. The cancers are classified according to the third revision of the International Classification of Childhood Cancer (ICCC-3) and recorded rates in Africa are compared with those in childhood populations in the UK, France, and the USA. It is clear that, in many centres, lack of adequate diagnostic and treatment facilities leads to under-diagnosis (and enumeration) of leukaemias and brain cancers. However, for several childhood cancers, incidence rates in Africa are higher than those in high-income countries. This applies to infection-related cancers such as Kaposi sarcoma, Burkitt lymphoma, Hodgkin lymphoma and hepatocellular carcinoma, and also to two common embryonal cancers - retinoblastoma and nephroblastoma. These (and other) observations are unlikely to be artefact, and are of considerable interest when considering possible aetiological factors, including ethnic differences in risk (and hence genetic/familial antecedents). The data reported are the most extensive so far available on the incidence of cancer in sub Saharan Africa, and clearly indicate the need for more resources to be devoted to cancer registration, especially in the childhood age range, as part of an overall programme to improve the availability of diagnosis and treatment of this group of cancers, many of which have-potentially-an excellent prognosis.
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Abstract
Measurement of incidence rates of childhood cancer in Africa is difficult. The study 'Cancer of Childhood in sub Saharan Africa' [Stefan C, Bray F, Ferlay J, Parkin DM and Liu B (2017) Cancer of Childhood in sub-Saharan Africaecancer11(755)] brings together results from 16 population-based registries which, as members of the African Cancer Registry Network (AFCRN), have been evaluated as achieving adequate coverage of their target population. The cancers are classified according to the third revision of the International Classification of Childhood Cancer (ICCC-3) and recorded rates in Africa are compared with those in childhood populations in the UK, France, and the USA. It is clear that, in many centres, lack of adequate diagnostic and treatment facilities, leads to under-diagnosis (and enumeration) of leukaemias and brain cancers. However, for several childhood cancers, incidence rates in Africa are higher than those in high income countries. This applies to infection-related cancers such as Kaposi sarcoma, Burkitt lymphoma, Hodgkin lymphoma and hepatocellular carcinoma, and also to two common embryonal cancers-retinoblastoma and nephroblastoma. These (and other) observations are unlikely to be artefact, and are of considerable interest when considering possible aetiological factors, including ethnic differences in risk (and hence genetic/familial antecedents). The data reported are the most extensive so far available on the incidence of cancer in sub Saharan Africa, and clearly indicate the need for more resources to be devoted to cancer registration, especially in the childhood age range, as part of an overall programme to improve the availability of diagnosis and treatment of this group of cancers, many of which have-potentially-an excellent prognosis.
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Clinical Case Poster session 3P938Spectacular disappearance of a massive 4-chamber thrombusP939A very rare reason of the left atrial appendage massP940A deeper look into an aortic regurgitation - case reportP941Reversible cause of right heart failure in a patient diagnosed with cardiomyopathyP942Consequences of an infectionP943Pacemaker leads in endocarditis surgery, leave it or remove it?P944Infective endocarditis with transesophageal echocardiography inconclusive: a diagnostic challenge resolved with nuclear medicine testsP945Thrombosed transcatheter valve after a mitral valve-in-valve implantationP946Monomorphic ventricular tachycardia in a 68-year-old woman: a late diagnosis of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy/dysplasia (ARVC/D)P947A clinical case of myotonic dystrophy with complex cardiac involvementP948A case of Churg Strauss diagnosed in the cardiology consultP949Sometimes it is more than just coronary atherosclerosisP950Looking to the other side: exercise echo unveils right ventricular dysfunction in a patient with a final diagnosis of primary pulmonary hypertensionP951Right ventricle myocardial herniation as a complication of constrictive pericarditisP952An acquired gerbode defect mistaken for tricuspid regurgitation: the importance of multi-modality imaging in infective endocarditisP953Right atrial thrombus and pulmonary embolism in two patients with tricuspid atresia after Fontan operationP954Asymptomatic L-transposition of the great vessels diagnosed in adulthoodP955Aorta - right atrial tunnel with aneursymatic left main coronary arteryP956Partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection in a 70-year-old patient. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jew259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Poster Session 1The imaging examination and quality assessmentP185Why did the normal values of the left and right atrial volumes increase in the recent chamber quantification guidelines update?P186Atrial electromechanical delay, Left Atrial mechanical functions and longitudinal left ventricular strain in pre-diabetic patientsP187A web-based platform for e-training in echocardiographyP188Righ atrial size as a marker of success in electrical cardioversion in patients with persistent atrial fibrillationP189Echocardiographic assessment of left atrial dimensions and function in a healthy populationP190Impact of carotid artery revascularization on the cognitive and functional outcome and cerebral flow on TCD and brain MRI in patients with symptomatic carotid artery stenosis: a preliminary reportP191Aortic elasticity is impaired in hypereosinophilic syndromeP192Disturbed intracardiac flow transit prognosticates early decompensation in dilated cardiomyopathyP193Ultrasound guided treatment in acute heart failureP194Determinants of impaired global longitudinal function in middle-aged subjects free of cardiovascular diseaseP195Left ventricular remodeling in asymptomatic heart failure: classification and prognostic evaluationP196Restricted displacement of lateral right ventricular wall: a physiopathological explanation of geometrical and functional cardiac changes after cardiac surgeryP197A novel method to image intracardiac flow stagnation for the risk stratification for thrombosisP198Magnetic resonance imaging of anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery in children older than 4 monthsP199Coronary flow reserve is improved by LDL apheresis in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia and chronic ischemic heart diseaseP200 High velocities in the proximal part of the coronary arteries during routine echocardiography can predict nearest prognosisP201Recovery potential of the right ventricular function in the setting of a first STEMI treated by primary PCI: an echocardiographic studyP202Severe aortic stenosis patients with preserved ejection fraction according to flow and gradient classification: prevalence and outcomesP203Is basal left ventricular ejection time able to predict the severity of aortic stenosis in patients with depressed ejection fraction?P204Acceleration time in aortic stenosis: a new echocardiographic diagnostic parameterP205Application of novel Doppler indices of stenosis severity in the assessment of rheumatic mitral stenosis beyond conventional valve area and transvalvular gradientsP206Comparison of conventional echo score in patients with symptomatic rheumatic mitral stenosis: transesophageal echocardiography versus transthoracic echocardiographyP207Speckle-tracking echocardiography in evaluation early left ventricular systolic dysfunction in asymptomatic aortic regurgitation patients with good left ventricular ejection fractionP208Expansible aortic ring annuloplasty: mid-term results of aortic valve repairP209Papillary muscle dysfunction: insights into mitral valve prolapse using speckle tracking imaging. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jew236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Clinical Case Poster session 4P1046An unexpected findingP1047Coronary artery ectasia in the setting of subacute Inferior STEMIP1048Diagnosis through the back door: the utility of the subscapular acoustic windowP1049A challenging case of paravalvular leakage closureP1050A life-threatning asymptomatic incidental findingP1051Acute heart failure due to intermittent aortic prosthesis regurgitation - case reportP1052Role of echocardiography in a patient with sequels after surgical treatment of infective endocarditis on a bicuspid aortic valveP1053MitraClip to treat systolic anterior motion-induced outflow tract obstruction in hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathyP1054Acute heart failure by parvovirus B19P1055Multimodality assessment of myocardial involvement in female carriers of the Duchenne diseaseP1056Cardiovascular complications in hypereosinophilic syndrom-a case reportP1057Giant false left ventricle aneurysm in the myocardial infarction outcomeP1058From syncope to the diagnosis of systemic disease: the importance of a high index of suspicionP1059A total anomalous pulmonary venous return in 60-year-old patientP1060Atrial septal defect occluder fracture - diagnostic challenge in asymptomatic patientP1061Marfan syndrome in two newborn infantsP1062Isolated pulmonary valve regurgitation as a cause of severe right heart dilatation in an adult patientP1063Multimodality imaging - how to find the missing leak. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jew261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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23
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AB1088-HPR Intense Emotions and Mood States Influence The Disease Activity and Quality of Life in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-eular.2766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Carbohydrate intake, obesity, metabolic syndrome and cancer risk? A two-part systematic review and meta-analysis protocol to estimate attributability. BMJ Open 2016; 6:e009301. [PMID: 26729382 PMCID: PMC4716256 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-009301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Linkages between carbohydrates, obesity and cancer continue to demonstrate conflicting results. Evidence suggests inconclusive direct linkages between carbohydrates and specific cancers. Conversely, obesity has been strongly linked to a wide range of cancers. The purpose of the study is to explore linkages between carbohydrate intake and cancer types using a two-step approach. First the study will evaluate the linkages between carbohydrate intake and obesity, potentially stratified by metabolic syndrome status. Second, the estimated attributable fraction of obesity ascribed to carbohydrate intake will be multiplied against obesity attributable fractions for cancer types to give estimated overall attributable fraction for carbohydrate versus cancer type. METHODS AND ANALYSIS We will perform a comprehensive search to identify all possible published and unpublished studies that have assessed risk factors for obesity including dietary carbohydrate intake. Scientific databases, namely PubMed MEDLINE, EMBASE, EBSCOhost and ISI Web of Science will be searched. Following study selection, paper/data acquisition, and data extraction and synthesis, we will appraise the quality of studies and risk of bias, as well as assess heterogeneity. Meta-weighted attributable fractions of obesity due to carbohydrate intake will be estimated after adjusting for other potential confounding factors (eg, physical inactivity, other dietary intake). Furthermore, previously published systematic reviews assessing the cancer-specific risk associated with obesity will also be drawn. These estimates will be linked with the attributability of carbohydrate intake in part 1 to estimate the cancer-specific burden that can be attributed to dietary carbohydrates. This systematic review protocol has been developed according to the 'Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015'. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The current study will be based on published literature and data, and, as such, ethics approval is not required. The final results of this two part systematic review (plus multiplicative calculations) will be published in a relevant international peer-reviewed journal. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER PROSPERO CRD42015023257.
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Hungry bone syndrome - a foreseen complication: theory versus practice. Arch Clin Cases 2015. [DOI: 10.22551/2015.08.0204.10055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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26
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Case of a false positive MDMA and methamphetamine. Clin Biochem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2012.07.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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27
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[Changes in corneal thickness in glaucoma]. OFTALMOLOGIA (BUCHAREST, ROMANIA : 1990) 2012; 56:65-68. [PMID: 23713341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
It is a clinical, observational, retrospective, randomised study, performed on 46 eyes. We have evaluated the effects of some of the drugs used to treat glaucoma (prostaglandine analogues, beta blockers, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors) on the central corneal thickness.
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[Corneal endothelium in glaucoma]. OFTALMOLOGIA (BUCHAREST, ROMANIA : 1990) 2012; 56:72-74. [PMID: 23424767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
It is a clinical, observational, retrospective, randomised study, performed on 34 eyes with hipertensive primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) drug equilibrated and 18 eyes with normotensive POAG. We have evaluated the endothelial cells number variation in the hypertensive POAG and normotensive POAG.
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29
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[Corneal transplantation activity in Eye Department of Central Military Emergency Universitary Hospital in 2011]. OFTALMOLOGIA (BUCHAREST, ROMANIA : 1990) 2012; 56:75-78. [PMID: 23424768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
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30
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Impact of the HIV epidemic and Anti-Retroviral Treatment policy on lymphoma incidence and subtypes seen in the Western Cape of South Africa, 2002-2009: preliminary findings of the Tygerberg Lymphoma Study Group. Transfus Apher Sci 2011; 44:161-6. [PMID: 21402310 PMCID: PMC3899789 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2011.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The Tygerberg Lymphoma Study Group was constituted in 2007 to quantify the impact of HIV on the pattern and burden of lymphoma cases in the Western Cape of South Africa which currently has an HIV prevalence of 15%. South Africa has had an Anti-Retroviral Treatment (ART) policy and a roll-out plan since 2004 attaining 31% effective coverage in 2009. This study is designed to qualify and establish the impact of HIV epidemic and the ARV roll-out treatment program on the incidence of HIV Related Lymphoma (HRL). Early data document that despite the ART roll out, cases of HRL are increasing in this geographical location, now accounting for 37% of all lymphomas seen in 2009 which is an increase from 5% in 2002. This is in contrast to trends seen in developed environments following the introduction of ART. Also noted are the emergence of subtypes not previously seen in this location such as Burkitt and plasmablastic lymphomas. Burkitt lymphoma is now the commonest HRL seen in this population followed by diffuse large B-cell lymphoma subtypes. The reasons for this observed increase in HRL are not ascribable to improved diagnostic capacity as the tertiary institute in which these diagnoses are made has had significant expertise in this regard for over a decade. We ascribe this paradoxical finding to an ART treatment environment that is ineffective for a diversity of reasons, paramount of which are poor coverage, late commencement of ART and incomplete viral suppression.
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31
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An interinstitutional review of the value of FNAB in pediatric oncology in resource-limited countries. Diagn Cytopathol 2011; 40:770-6. [DOI: 10.1002/dc.21624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2010] [Accepted: 11/18/2010] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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32
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[Advances in preservative-free glaucoma drops]. OFTALMOLOGIA (BUCHAREST, ROMANIA : 1990) 2011; 55:3-6. [PMID: 21888063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Ophthalmic solutions are the main therapeutic methods used in the treatment of ocular diseases, including glaucoma. Preservatives are added in multidose solutions to reduce the risk of microbial contamination. Repeated use of topical medication, especially in patients treated for glaucoma, has many adverse effects especially on the ocular surface. This paper provides an overview of the role of preservatives in antiglaucoma preparations, and their impact on the ocular surface.
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33
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[Fixed combination of topical prostaglandin analogue in glaucoma treatment]. OFTALMOLOGIA (BUCHAREST, ROMANIA : 1990) 2011; 55:82-88. [PMID: 22428296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of glaucoma treatment is to prevent progressive loss of optic nerve fibers and thereby to preserve the visual field. Because increased IOP is a primary risk factor in developing glaucoma, descrease its value below which may affect the optic is the antiglaucoma treatment target. This paper provides an overview of glaucoma treatment and the use of fixed combinations of topical prostaglandin analogues (PGA).
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34
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[Glaucoma and ocular surface]. OFTALMOLOGIA (BUCHAREST, ROMANIA : 1990) 2011; 55:30-33. [PMID: 21774383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Topical eye-drops remain the cornerstone of treatment for ocular diseases, including glaucoma. Preservatives are added to multi-dose medication bottles to reduce the risk of microbial contamination, to extend the validity of the product and to allow an easily use of the bottles. However the repetitious use of ophthalmic medications containing preservatives, particularly when treating chronic diseases, has been linked to adverse effects and ocular surface disease (OSD). Therefore, this presentation provides an overview of glaucoma and OSD, the role of preservatives in ophthalmic preparations, and the impact of preservatives on the ocular surface.
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35
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[About ocular surface damage]. OFTALMOLOGIA (BUCHAREST, ROMANIA : 1990) 2011; 55:38-40. [PMID: 21774385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Tear film maintain ocular surface health and functional through nutritional support, anti-bacterial properties, viscoelastic protection, smooth optical surface and increase of lubrication. The ocular surface may be affected after surgery (cataract, glaucoma, refractive surgery) or chronic glaucoma treatment.
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36
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[Progresses in antiinflamatory treatment in cataract surgery]. OFTALMOLOGIA (BUCHAREST, ROMANIA : 1990) 2011; 55:89-93. [PMID: 22428297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Anti-inflamatory medication is commonly used to reduce inflammation, edema and symptoms associated with allergies, trauma and infections diseases. Topical nonsteroidial anti-inflammatory (NSAIDs) and topical corticosteroids are overview of the role of topical NSAIDs and the progress of their use in eye surgery
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[Increased ocular perfusion--visual field preservation]. OFTALMOLOGIA (BUCHAREST, ROMANIA : 1990) 2011; 55:34-37. [PMID: 21774384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Adjustment of the ocular flow has clear implications in glaucomatous pathology. It cannot be drawn a clear barrier between causality and effect of ocular vascular factor in glaucoma but altered hemodynamics leads clearly to node loss. Unstable ocular perfusion creates a low blood flow to the optic nerve directly involved in glaucomatous optic neuropathy , ocular perfusion pressure (PPO) being a risk factor predictor of progression associated with impairment of visual function in glaucoma.
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38
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[Alternative treatments in glaucoma, independent from ocular pressure]. OFTALMOLOGIA (BUCHAREST, ROMANIA : 1990) 2011; 55:7-11. [PMID: 21888064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Glaucoma is a medical condition that affects the optic nerve of the eye and can lead to a permanent loss of vision if left untreated. It is now clear that IOP (intraocular pression) lowering treatment may significantly delay or prevent glaucoma development and progression. Although current ocular hypotensive therapy is generally considered safe, alternative treatments may also be considered to slow the progression and prevent the development of complications of the disease.
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[Extract of Ginkgo biloba in glaucoma]. OFTALMOLOGIA (BUCHAREST, ROMANIA : 1990) 2011; 55:27-29. [PMID: 21774382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Protective and curative effects of the ginkgo biloba extract are known for a long time and confirmed the practical reality. Its main benefit is due to its antioxidant properties, manifested by activation of free radicals by flavonoids contained in gingko by binding free radicals.
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Malignant lymphoma incidence and HIV-related lymphoma subtypes in the Western Cape of South Africa, 2002-2009. Infect Agent Cancer 2010. [PMCID: PMC3002714 DOI: 10.1186/1750-9378-5-s1-a53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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41
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Kaposi sarcoma in South African children. Infect Agent Cancer 2010. [PMCID: PMC3002703 DOI: 10.1186/1750-9378-5-s1-a43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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PAXgene (PreAnalytiX-Qiagen), Hellma TrayCell (Hellma) and Experion (BioRad): An analytical strategy for whole-blood RNA biobanking. Clin Biochem 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2010.04.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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43
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[Refractive stability of artificial crystallins--acrysof TORIC]. OFTALMOLOGIA (BUCHAREST, ROMANIA : 1990) 2010; 54:120-123. [PMID: 21516874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the results of AcrySof Toric intraocular lens (Alcon) implantation to correct pre-existing astigmatism and rotational stability in patients having cataract surgery or not. METHODS Retrospective study three surgical teams, between February 2009-August 2010, included 37 eyes with more than 1 diopter (D) of preexisting corneal astigmatism having or not cataract surgery. RESULTS Rotation at 6 M post-op: 32 patients (87%)--> rotation between aprox. 0-5 degrees, 4 patients (11%)--> rotation between A 5-10 degrees, 1 patient (2%) rotation of A 20 degrees. The mean refractive cylinder decreased significantly after surgery: 34 (91.90%) of cases between 0.25-0.75 D--2 (5.40%) of cases 1.5 D--1 (2.70%) of cases > 1.5 D. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion the results indicate that TheAcrySof Toric IOL is a viable option of preoperative corneal astigmatism in carefully selected cases. The Toric IOL showed good rotational stability The most frequent cause of turnover is the: viscoelastic left in the capsular bag (early rotation); fibrosis of the bag (late rotation).
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[Neuroprotection in glaucoma]. OFTALMOLOGIA (BUCHAREST, ROMANIA : 1990) 2010; 54:7-10. [PMID: 20827905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The present paper is a revue of the basic terms related to the neuroprotection, an up-to-date on the pathophysiology of glaucoma. There are emphasized some of the main directions of evolution in the antiglaucomatous and neuroprotective treatment.
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[Cornea in glaucoma]. OFTALMOLOGIA (BUCHAREST, ROMANIA : 1990) 2010; 54:115-119. [PMID: 21516873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The authors present a clinical, observational, retrospective, randomized study, performed between 06.01-01.05.2010, on 84 eyes. We have followed the changes of corneal endothelial cell density in patients with primary hypertensional open angle glaucoma, treated using the same therapeutic method, with compensated, undercompensated and decompensated IOP.
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MESH Headings
- Adrenergic beta-Antagonists/therapeutic use
- Drug Therapy, Combination
- Endothelium, Corneal/drug effects
- Endothelium, Corneal/pathology
- Endothelium, Corneal/physiopathology
- Endothelium, Corneal/surgery
- Follow-Up Studies
- Glaucoma, Open-Angle/drug therapy
- Glaucoma, Open-Angle/pathology
- Glaucoma, Open-Angle/physiopathology
- Glaucoma, Open-Angle/surgery
- Humans
- Intraocular Pressure/drug effects
- Laser Therapy
- Lasers, Excimer/therapeutic use
- Prostaglandins, Synthetic/therapeutic use
- Retrospective Studies
- Statistics, Nonparametric
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Assessment of the heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) inhibitor IPI504 alone or in combination with the tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) imatinib in mice carrying xenografts of human gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST). J Clin Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.10534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
10534 Background: Inhibition of HSP90 is a new strategy for treatment of GIST. IPI-504 is a potent i.v. HSP90 inhibitor. We assessed the activity of IPI-504 in imatinib-sensitive GIST xenografts, alone/combined with the TKI. Methods: Human GIST882 cells (KIT exon 13 mut.) were grafted in 43 nude mice, who were randomized to 4 groups: A (n=13; control); B (n=18; IPI-504 100 mg/kg 3x/wk p.o.); C (n=8; imatinib 50 mg/kg 2x/d p.o.); D (n=4; IPI-504+imatinib, dose/schedule as above) for 2 weeks. Histopathological assessment was done by H&E and KIT immunostaining, histological response (HR) was defined by magnitude of necrosis and myxoid degeneration [grade 1 (0–10%), 2 (>10% - ≤ 50%), 3 (> 50% - ≤90%), 4 (>90%)]. Expression/activation of KIT and its signaling (AKT, S6, MAPK) was assessed by Western blot. Results: IPI-504 alone significantly reduced tumor volume (41%) at day 14, further enhanced by adding imatinib (58%). Imatinib alone led to only a 5% reduction. IPI-504 induced grade 2 HR in 17/36 tumors, while the majority of tumors (13/15) treated with imatinib showed grade 1 HR. Grade 3/4 HRs were only seen with the combination. Mitosis decreased 3.3-fold, apoptosis increased 1.3-fold with IPI-504. Despite substantial reduction in mitotic activity in C and D (8.2- and 82-fold), apoptosis was virtually unaffected. In the IPI-504 arm, KIT levels were partially downregulated. Imatinib alone had no effect on KIT expression, while the combination produced a marked suppression of total KIT, accompanied by complete downregulation of the signaling. Loss of KIT in the combination arm was confirmed by immunostaining. Although KIT was not completely degraded with IPI-504, measurable effects on activation of AKT, S6 and MAPK were observed. Conclusions: IPI-504 has consistent antitumor effects in GIST xenografts, both histologically and on the molecular level. Combining IPI-504 with imatinib substantially enhances anti-tumor activity, providing a strong rationale for clinical trials of IPI-504 in GIST as single agent and in combination. [Table: see text]
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472 Inhibiteurs des canaux calciques dans l’hémodynamique oculaire du glaucome. J Fr Ophtalmol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0181-5512(09)73596-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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567 L’incidence des anticorps anti-toxoplasmiques chez les patients roumains. J Fr Ophtalmol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0181-5512(09)73691-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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[Ocular hypertension--follow up or treatment?]. OFTALMOLOGIA (BUCHAREST, ROMANIA : 1990) 2009; 53:23-25. [PMID: 19697835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Ocular hypertension is an increase in the pressure in the eyes that is above the range considered normal with no detectable changes in vision or damage to the structure of your eyes. The term is used to distinguish people with elevated pressure from those with glaucoma, but not all people with ocular hypertension will develop this disease. However, there is an increased risk of glaucoma among those with ocular hypertension, so regular comprehensive eye examinations are essential to the overall eye health.
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[Corneal transplantation in Central Military Hospital in 2007-2008]. OFTALMOLOGIA (BUCHAREST, ROMANIA : 1990) 2009; 53:106-108. [PMID: 19569614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
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