1
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Huycke TR, Häkkinen TJ, Miyazaki H, Srivastava V, Barruet E, McGinnis CS, Kalantari A, Cornwall-Scoones J, Vaka D, Zhu Q, Jo H, Oria R, Weaver VM, DeGrado WF, Thomson M, Garikipati K, Boffelli D, Klein OD, Gartner ZJ. Patterning and folding of intestinal villi by active mesenchymal dewetting. Cell 2024:S0092-8674(24)00465-3. [PMID: 38781967 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Tissue folds are structural motifs critical to organ function. In the intestine, bending of a flat epithelium into a periodic pattern of folds gives rise to villi, finger-like protrusions that enable nutrient absorption. However, the molecular and mechanical processes driving villus morphogenesis remain unclear. Here, we identify an active mechanical mechanism that simultaneously patterns and folds the intestinal epithelium to initiate villus formation. At the cellular level, we find that PDGFRA+ subepithelial mesenchymal cells generate myosin II-dependent forces sufficient to produce patterned curvature in neighboring tissue interfaces. This symmetry-breaking process requires altered cell and extracellular matrix interactions that are enabled by matrix metalloproteinase-mediated tissue fluidization. Computational models, together with in vitro and in vivo experiments, revealed that these cellular features manifest at the tissue level as differences in interfacial tensions that promote mesenchymal aggregation and interface bending through a process analogous to the active dewetting of a thin liquid film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler R Huycke
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Program in Craniofacial Biology and Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Teemu J Häkkinen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Program in Craniofacial Biology and Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Hikaru Miyazaki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Program in Craniofacial Biology and Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Vasudha Srivastava
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Emilie Barruet
- Department of Pediatrics, Cedars-Sinai Guerin Children's, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Christopher S McGinnis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ali Kalantari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Program in Craniofacial Biology and Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jake Cornwall-Scoones
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Dedeepya Vaka
- Department of Pediatrics, Cedars-Sinai Guerin Children's, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Qin Zhu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Hyunil Jo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Roger Oria
- Center for Bioengineering and Tissue Regeneration, Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helen Diller Family Cancer Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Valerie M Weaver
- Center for Bioengineering and Tissue Regeneration, Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helen Diller Family Cancer Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - William F DeGrado
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Matt Thomson
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Krishna Garikipati
- Departments of Mechanical Engineering, and Mathematics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Dario Boffelli
- Department of Pediatrics, Cedars-Sinai Guerin Children's, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ophir D Klein
- Program in Craniofacial Biology and Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Cedars-Sinai Guerin Children's, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Zev J Gartner
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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2
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Fiuza T, Sarkar M, Riedl JC, Beaughon M, Torres Bautista BE, Bhattacharya K, Cousin F, Barruet E, Demouchy G, Depeyrot J, Dubois E, Gélébart F, Geertsen V, Mériguet G, Michot L, Nakamae S, Perzynski R, Peyre V. Ion specific tuning of nanoparticle dispersion in an ionic liquid: a structural, thermoelectric and thermo-diffusive investigation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:28911-28924. [PMID: 37855156 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp02399k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Dispersions of charged maghemite nanoparticles (NPs) in EAN (ethylammonium nitrate) a reference Ionic Liquid (IL) are studied here using a number of static and dynamical experimental techniques; small angle scattering (SAS) of X-rays and of neutrons, dynamical light scattering and forced Rayleigh scattering. Particular insight is provided regarding the importance of tuning the ionic species present at the NP/IL interface. In this work we compare the effect of Li+, Na+ or Rb+ ions. Here, the nature of these species has a clear influence on the short-range spatial organisation of the ions at the interface and thus on the colloidal stability of the dispersions, governing both the NP/NP and NP/IL interactions, which are both evaluated here. The overall NP/NP interaction is either attractive or repulsive. It is characterised by determining, thanks to the SAS techniques, the second virial coefficient A2, which is found to be independent of temperature. The NP/IL interaction is featured by the dynamical effective charge ξeff0 of the NPs and by their entropy of transfer ŜNP (or equivalently their heat of transport ) determined here thanks to thermoelectric and thermodiffusive measurements. For repulsive systems, an activated process rules the temperature dependence of these two latter quantities.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Fiuza
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Lab. PHENIX, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France.
- Grupo de Fluidos Complexos, Inst. de Fisíca, Univ. de Brasília, Brasília (DF), Brazil
| | - M Sarkar
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Lab. PHENIX, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France.
| | - J C Riedl
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Lab. PHENIX, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France.
| | - M Beaughon
- Service de Physique de l'état condensé, SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, CEDEX, France
| | - B E Torres Bautista
- Service de Physique de l'état condensé, SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, CEDEX, France
| | - K Bhattacharya
- Service de Physique de l'état condensé, SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, CEDEX, France
| | - F Cousin
- Lab. Léon Brillouin-UMR 12 CNRS-CEA CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - E Barruet
- Univ. Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, NIMBE-LIONS, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, CEDEX, France
| | - G Demouchy
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Lab. PHENIX, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France.
- Univ. de Cergy Pontoise-Dpt de physique, 33 Bd du Port, 95011 Cergy-Pontoise, France
| | - J Depeyrot
- Grupo de Fluidos Complexos, Inst. de Fisíca, Univ. de Brasília, Brasília (DF), Brazil
| | - E Dubois
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Lab. PHENIX, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France.
| | - F Gélébart
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Lab. PHENIX, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France.
| | - V Geertsen
- Univ. Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, NIMBE-LIONS, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, CEDEX, France
| | - G Mériguet
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Lab. PHENIX, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France.
| | - L Michot
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Lab. PHENIX, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France.
| | - S Nakamae
- Service de Physique de l'état condensé, SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, CEDEX, France
| | - R Perzynski
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Lab. PHENIX, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France.
| | - V Peyre
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Lab. PHENIX, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France.
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3
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Huycke TR, Miyazaki H, Häkkinen TJ, Srivastava V, Barruet E, McGinnis CS, Kalantari A, Cornwall-Scoones J, Vaka D, Zhu Q, Jo H, DeGrado WF, Thomson M, Garikipati K, Boffelli D, Klein OD, Gartner ZJ. Patterning and folding of intestinal villi by active mesenchymal dewetting. bioRxiv 2023:2023.06.25.546328. [PMID: 37425793 PMCID: PMC10326967 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.25.546328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Tissue folding generates structural motifs critical to organ function. In the intestine, bending of a flat epithelium into a periodic pattern of folds gives rise to villi, the numerous finger-like protrusions that are essential for nutrient absorption. However, the molecular and mechanical mechanisms driving the initiation and morphogenesis of villi remain a matter of debate. Here, we identify an active mechanical mechanism that simultaneously patterns and folds intestinal villi. We find that PDGFRA+ subepithelial mesenchymal cells generate myosin II-dependent forces sufficient to produce patterned curvature in neighboring tissue interfaces. At the cell-level, this occurs through a process dependent upon matrix metalloproteinase-mediated tissue fluidization and altered cell-ECM adhesion. By combining computational models with in vivo experiments, we reveal these cellular features manifest at the tissue-level as differences in interfacial tensions that promote mesenchymal aggregation and interface bending through a process analogous to the active de-wetting of a thin liquid film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler R. Huycke
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Program in Craniofacial Biology and Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Equal contribution
| | - Hikaru Miyazaki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Program in Craniofacial Biology and Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Equal contribution
| | - Teemu J. Häkkinen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Program in Craniofacial Biology and Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Equal contribution
| | - Vasudha Srivastava
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Emilie Barruet
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Program in Craniofacial Biology and Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Christopher S. McGinnis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ali Kalantari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jake Cornwall-Scoones
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Dedeepya Vaka
- Department of Pediatrics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Qin Zhu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Hyunil Jo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - William F. DeGrado
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Matt Thomson
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Krishna Garikipati
- Departments of Mechanical Engineering, and Mathematics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Dario Boffelli
- Department of Pediatrics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Ophir D. Klein
- Program in Craniofacial Biology and Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Zev J. Gartner
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA
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4
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Barruet E, Striedinger K, Marangoni P, Pomerantz JH. Loss of transcriptional heterogeneity in aged human muscle stem cells. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0285018. [PMID: 37192223 PMCID: PMC10187936 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related loss of muscle mass and function negatively impacts healthspan and lifespan. Satellite cells function as muscle stem cells in muscle maintenance and regeneration by self-renewal, activation, proliferation and differentiation. These processes are perturbed in aging at the stem cell population level, contributing to muscle loss. However, how representation of subpopulations within the human satellite cell pool change during aging remains poorly understood. We previously reported a comprehensive baseline of human satellite cell (Hu-MuSCs) transcriptional activity in muscle homeostasis describing functional heterogenous human satellite cell subpopulations such as CAV1+ Hu-MUSCs. Here, we sequenced additional satellite cells from new healthy donors and performed extended transcriptomic analyses with regard to aging. We found an age-related loss of global transcriptomic heterogeneity and identified new markers (CAV1, CXCL14, GPX3) along with previously described ones (FN1, ITGB1, SPRY1) that are altered during aging in human satellite cells. These findings describe new transcriptomic changes that occur during aging in human satellite cells and provide a foundation for understanding functional impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Barruet
- Departments of Surgery and Orofacial Sciences, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Program in Craniofacial Biology, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Program in Craniofacial Biology and Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Katharine Striedinger
- Departments of Surgery and Orofacial Sciences, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Program in Craniofacial Biology, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Pauline Marangoni
- Program in Craniofacial Biology and Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Jason H. Pomerantz
- Departments of Surgery and Orofacial Sciences, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Program in Craniofacial Biology, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
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5
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Yu X, Ton AN, Niu Z, Morales BM, Chen J, Braz J, Lai MH, Barruet E, Liu H, Cheung K, Ali S, Chan T, Bigay K, Ho J, Nikolli I, Hansberry S, Wentworth K, Kriegstein A, Basbaum A, Hsiao EC. ACVR1-activating mutation causes neuropathic pain and sensory neuron hyperexcitability in humans. Pain 2023; 164:43-58. [PMID: 35442931 PMCID: PMC9582048 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Altered bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling is associated with many musculoskeletal diseases. However, it remains unknown whether BMP dysfunction has direct contribution to debilitating pain reported in many of these disorders. Here, we identified a novel neuropathic pain phenotype in patients with fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP), a rare autosomal-dominant musculoskeletal disorder characterized by progressive heterotopic ossification. Ninety-seven percent of these patients carry an R206H gain-of-function point mutation in the BMP type I receptor ACVR1 (ACVR1 R206H ), which causes neofunction to Activin A and constitutively activates signaling through phosphorylated SMAD1/5/8. Although patients with FOP can harbor pathological lesions in the peripheral and central nervous system, their etiology and clinical impact are unclear. Quantitative sensory testing of patients with FOP revealed significant heat and mechanical pain hypersensitivity. Although there was no major effect of ACVR1 R206H on differentiation and maturation of nociceptive sensory neurons (iSNs) derived from FOP induced pluripotent stem cells, both intracellular and extracellular electrophysiology analyses of the ACVR1 R206H iSNs displayed ACVR1-dependent hyperexcitability, a hallmark of neuropathic pain. Consistent with this phenotype, we recorded enhanced responses of ACVR1 R206H iSNs to TRPV1 and TRPA1 agonists. Thus, activated ACVR1 signaling can modulate pain processing in humans and may represent a potential target for pain management in FOP and related BMP pathway diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobing Yu
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Amy N. Ton
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The Institute for Human Genetics, and the Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Zejun Niu
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Blanca M. Morales
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The Institute for Human Genetics, and the Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Jiadong Chen
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States. Dr. Chen is now with the Department of Neurology of Second Affiliated Hospital, Centre for Neuroscience, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Joao Braz
- Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Michael H. Lai
- J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Emilie Barruet
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The Institute for Human Genetics, and the Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Hongju Liu
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Kin Cheung
- BioSAS Consulting, Inc, Wellesley, MA, United States
| | - Syed Ali
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Tea Chan
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The Institute for Human Genetics, and the Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Katherine Bigay
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The Institute for Human Genetics, and the Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Jennifer Ho
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The Institute for Human Genetics, and the Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Ina Nikolli
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The Institute for Human Genetics, and the Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Steven Hansberry
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The Institute for Human Genetics, and the Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
- California Institute of Regenerative Medicine Bridges to Stem Cell Research Program, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Kelly Wentworth
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The Institute for Human Genetics, and the Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Arnold Kriegstein
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States. Dr. Chen is now with the Department of Neurology of Second Affiliated Hospital, Centre for Neuroscience, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Allan Basbaum
- Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Edward C. Hsiao
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The Institute for Human Genetics, and the Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
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6
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Eliazer S, Sun X, Barruet E, Brack AS. Heterogeneous levels of delta-like 4 within a multinucleated niche cell maintains muscle stem cell diversity. eLife 2022; 11:68180. [PMID: 36583937 PMCID: PMC9803355 DOI: 10.7554/elife.68180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The quiescent muscle stem cell (QSC) pool is heterogeneous and generally characterized by the presence and levels of intrinsic myogenic transcription factors. Whether extrinsic factors maintain the diversity of states across the QSC pool remains unknown. The muscle fiber is a multinucleated syncytium that serves as a niche to QSCs, raising the possibility that the muscle fiber regulates the diversity of states across the QSC pool. Here, we show that the muscle fiber maintains a continuum of quiescent states, through a gradient of Notch ligand, Dll4, produced by the fiber and captured by QSCs. The abundance of Dll4 captured by the QSC correlates with the protein levels of the stem cell (SC) identity marker, Pax7. Niche-specific loss of Dll4 decreases QSC diversity and shifts the continuum to cell states that are biased toward more proliferative and committed fates. We reveal that fiber-derived Mindbomb1 (Mib1), an E3 ubiquitin ligase activates Dll4 and controls the heterogeneous levels of Dll4. In response to injury, with a Dll4-replenished niche, the normal continuum and diversity of the SC pool is restored, demonstrating bidirectionality within the SC continuum. Our data show that a post-translational mechanism controls heterogeneity of Notch ligands in a multinucleated niche cell to maintain a continuum of metastable states within the SC pool during tissue homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Eliazer
- The Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health SciencesGrand ForksUnited States
| | - Xuefeng Sun
- The Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Emilie Barruet
- The Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Departments of Surgery and Orofacial Sciences, Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Andrew S Brack
- The Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
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7
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Matsuo K, Lepinski A, Chavez RD, Barruet E, Pereira A, Moody TA, Ton AN, Sharma A, Hellman J, Tomoda K, Nakamura MC, Hsiao EC. Corrigendum to "ACVR1 R206H extends inflammatory responses in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived macrophages" [Bone. 153 2021 Dec; 116129. doi:10.1016/j.bone.2021.116129. Epub 2021 Jul 24. PMID: 34311122]. Bone 2022; 158:116325. [PMID: 35241401 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2022.116325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Koji Matsuo
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Institute for Human Genetics, Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Abigail Lepinski
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Institute for Human Genetics, Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; Division of Graduate Medical Sciences, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Robert D Chavez
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Institute for Human Genetics, Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Emilie Barruet
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Institute for Human Genetics, Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ashley Pereira
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Institute for Human Genetics, Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Tania A Moody
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Institute for Human Genetics, Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Amy N Ton
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Institute for Human Genetics, Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Aditi Sharma
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Institute for Human Genetics, Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Judith Hellman
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Kiichiro Tomoda
- Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Mary C Nakamura
- Medical Service, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Edward C Hsiao
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Institute for Human Genetics, Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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8
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Matsuo K, Lepinski A, Chavez RD, Barruet E, Pereira A, Moody TA, Ton AN, Sharma A, Hellman J, Tomoda K, Nakamura MC, Hsiao EC. ACVR1 R206H extends inflammatory responses in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived macrophages. Bone 2021; 153:116129. [PMID: 34311122 PMCID: PMC8803261 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2021.116129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages play crucial roles in many human disease processes. However, obtaining large numbers of primary cells for study is often difficult. We describe 2D and 3D methods for directing human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) into macrophages (iMACs). iMACs generated in 2D culture showed functional similarities to human primary monocyte-derived M2-like macrophages, and could be successfully polarized into a M1-like phenotype. Both M1- and M2-like iMACs showed phagocytic activity and reactivity to endogenous or exogenous stimuli. In contrast, iMACs generated by a 3D culture system showed mixed M1- and M2-like functional characteristics. 2D-iMACs from patients with fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP), an inherited disease with progressive heterotopic ossification driven by inflammation, showed prolonged inflammatory cytokine production and higher Activin A production after M1-like polarization, resulting in dampened responses to additional LPS stimulation. These results demonstrate a simple and robust way of creating hiPSC-derived M1- and M2-like macrophage lineages, while identifying macrophages as a source of Activin A that may drive heterotopic ossification in FOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Matsuo
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; The Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; The Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Abigail Lepinski
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; The Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; The Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; Division of Graduate Medical Sciences, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Robert D Chavez
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; The Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; The Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Emilie Barruet
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; The Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; The Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ashley Pereira
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; The Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; The Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Tania A Moody
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; The Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; The Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Amy N Ton
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; The Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; The Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Aditi Sharma
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; The Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; The Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Judith Hellman
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Kiichiro Tomoda
- Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Mary C Nakamura
- Medical Service, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Edward C Hsiao
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; The Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; The Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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9
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Barruet E, Garcia SM, Wu J, Morales BM, Tamaki S, Moody T, Pomerantz JH, Hsiao EC. Modeling the ACVR1 R206H mutation in human skeletal muscle stem cells. eLife 2021; 10:66107. [PMID: 34755602 PMCID: PMC8691832 DOI: 10.7554/elife.66107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormalities in skeletal muscle repair can lead to poor function and complications such as scarring or heterotopic ossification (HO). Here, we use fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP), a disease of progressive HO caused by ACVR1R206H (Activin receptor type-1 receptor) mutation, to elucidate how ACVR1 affects skeletal muscle repair. Rare and unique primary FOP human muscle stem cells (Hu-MuSCs) isolated from cadaveric skeletal muscle demonstrated increased extracellular matric (ECM) marker expression, showed skeletal muscle-specific impaired engraftment and regeneration ability. Human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived muscle stem/progenitor cells (iMPCs) single-cell transcriptome analyses from FOP also revealed unusually increased ECM and osteogenic marker expression compared to control iMPCs. These results show that iMPCs can recapitulate many aspects of Hu-MuSCs for detailed in vitro study; that ACVR1 is a key regulator of Hu-MuSC function and skeletal muscle repair; and that ACVR1 activation in iMPCs or Hu-MuSCs may contribute to HO by changing the local tissue environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Barruet
- Departments of Surgery and Orofacial Sciences, Division of Plastic Surgery, Program in Craniofacial Biology, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Steven M Garcia
- Departments of Surgery and Orofacial Sciences, Division of Plastic Surgery, Program in Craniofacial Biology, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Jake Wu
- Departments of Surgery and Orofacial Sciences, Division of Plastic Surgery, Program in Craniofacial Biology, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Blanca M Morales
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Stanley Tamaki
- Departments of Surgery and Orofacial Sciences, Division of Plastic Surgery, Program in Craniofacial Biology, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Tania Moody
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Jason H Pomerantz
- Departments of Surgery and Orofacial Sciences, Division of Plastic Surgery, Program in Craniofacial Biology, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Edward C Hsiao
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
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10
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Wong A, Garcia SM, Tamaki S, Striedinger K, Barruet E, Hansen SL, Young DM, Pomerantz JH. Satellite cell activation and retention of muscle regenerative potential after long-term denervation. Stem Cells 2021; 39:331-344. [PMID: 33326654 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Irreversible denervation atrophy remains an unsolved clinical problem, and the role of skeletal muscle stem cell (MuSC, satellite cell) depletion in this process is unclear. We investigated the ability of MuSCs to regenerate muscle in the context of denervation. Three to 12 months following sciatic denervation in mice, MuSC number, size, EdU uptake, rate of division, and mitochondrial activity were increased. Following acute myotoxin injury, denervated muscles formed new muscle fibers in situ. MuSCs isolated via flow cytometry from denervated mouse muscle, or from atrophic denervated gluteus maximus muscles of humans with complete spinal cord injuries two decades prior, formed new muscle fibers and reoccupied the anatomic niche after transplantation into uninjured muscle. Our results show unequivocally that, even after prolonged denervation, MuSCs retain intrinsic regenerative potential similar to that of uninjured MuSCs. Treatment of denervation atrophy will require elucidating the non-MuSC environmental changes in muscle that prevent functional regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvin Wong
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Program in Craniofacial Biology, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Steven M Garcia
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Program in Craniofacial Biology, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Stanley Tamaki
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Program in Craniofacial Biology, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Katharine Striedinger
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Program in Craniofacial Biology, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Emilie Barruet
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Program in Craniofacial Biology, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Scott L Hansen
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Program in Craniofacial Biology, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - David M Young
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Program in Craniofacial Biology, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Jason H Pomerantz
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Program in Craniofacial Biology, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
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11
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Abstract
Regeneration and repair of skeletal muscle is driven by tissue-specific progenitor cells called satellite cells, which occupy a minority of the cells in the muscle. This protocol provides researchers with techniques to efficiently isolate and purify functional satellite cells from human muscle tissue. The proven techniques described here enable the preparation of purified and minimally altered satellite cells for in vitro and in vivo experimentation and for potential clinical applications. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Barruet et al. (2020) and Garcia et al. (2018). Techniques are described for efficient isolation of human satellite cells Quiescent and activated satellite cells are purified using surface markers Purification involves minimal alteration compared to culture or activation Purified satellite cells faithfully represent the natural state for applications
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine Striedinger
- Program in Craniofacial Biology and Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Emilie Barruet
- Program in Craniofacial Biology and Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jason H Pomerantz
- Program in Craniofacial Biology and Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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12
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Barruet E, Garcia S, Tamaki S, Morales BM, Wu J, Moody T, Pomerantz JH, Hsiao EC. MON-710 ACVR1 Activation in Primary and iPS-Derived Human Skeletal Muscle Stem Cells Impairs Myogenic Transcriptional Signature and Function. J Endocr Soc 2020. [PMCID: PMC7208438 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvaa046.1851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Developing optimal strategies for skeletal muscle regeneration and repair requires a detailed understanding of how these processes are regulated. The number of primary human satellite cells that can be obtained is usually extremely low, and may be impaired in disease of impaired skeletal muscle repair. One such condition is fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP), a progressive disease characterized by massive heterotopic ossification in skeletal muscles and aberrant skeletal muscle repair after injury. FOP patients have activating mutations in the Activin A Type I receptor (ACVR1), a bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) receptor. Our overall hypothesis is that activated ACVR1 signaling caused by the ACVR1 R206H mutation incites inappropriate activation of human muscle stem cells (satellite cells, PAX7 expressing cells), causing loss of muscle cell fate and aberrant muscle repair. Since human satellite cells are difficult to obtain from live tissue donors, and injury can trigger heterotopic ossification, we created human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived muscle stem cells (iMuSCs) from FOP and control iPSC lines. We found that control and FOP iPSCs can differentiate into PAX7+ cells with high efficiency. Control and FOP iMuSCs can regenerate injured mouse muscle and form new human fibers, but both showed few PAX7 cells after transplant. Single cell RNA sequencing showed cell heterogeneity, and specific subsets of PAX7+ cells. FOP iMuSCs showed a chondrogenic/osteogenic signature (e.g COL1A1, DCN, OGN) with higher p38 pathway signaling activity. Skeletal muscle samples from autopsies of patients with FOP also showed increased expression of COL1A1. Additionally, we found that primary human FOP satellite cells can engraft and regenerate injured muscle, but with lower efficiency than control satellite cells. These studies used a novel iMuSC strategy to elucidate how increased ACVR1 activity affects human satellite cells function, and compare these iMuSCs to primary human satellite cells. These approaches will be useful to identify new therapeutic targets for conditions affecting skeletal muscle, and will improve our understanding of how muscle and bone interact in development and disease pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Barruet
- Univ of California - San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Steven Garcia
- Univ of California - San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Stanley Tamaki
- Univ of California - San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Jake Wu
- Univ of California - San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Tania Moody
- Univ of California - San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Edward Chiaming Hsiao
- University of California (San Francisco) Endocrine Fellowship Program, San Francisco, CA, USA
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13
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Barruet E, Garcia SM, Striedinger K, Wu J, Lee S, Byrnes L, Wong A, Xuefeng S, Tamaki S, Brack AS, Pomerantz JH. Functionally heterogeneous human satellite cells identified by single cell RNA sequencing. eLife 2020; 9:51576. [PMID: 32234209 PMCID: PMC7164960 DOI: 10.7554/elife.51576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Although heterogeneity is recognized within the murine satellite cell pool, a comprehensive understanding of distinct subpopulations and their functional relevance in human satellite cells is lacking. We used a combination of single cell RNA sequencing and flow cytometry to identify, distinguish, and physically separate novel subpopulations of human PAX7+ satellite cells (Hu-MuSCs) from normal muscles. We found that, although relatively homogeneous compared to activated satellite cells and committed progenitors, the Hu-MuSC pool contains clusters of transcriptionally distinct cells with consistency across human individuals. New surface marker combinations were enriched in transcriptional subclusters, including a subpopulation of Hu-MuSCs marked by CXCR4/CD29/CD56/CAV1 (CAV1+). In vitro, CAV1+ Hu-MuSCs are morphologically distinct, and characterized by resistance to activation compared to CAV1- Hu-MuSCs. In vivo, CAV1+ Hu-MuSCs demonstrated increased engraftment after transplantation. Our findings provide a comprehensive transcriptional view of normal Hu-MuSCs and describe new heterogeneity, enabling separation of functionally distinct human satellite cell subpopulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Barruet
- Departments of Surgery and Orofacial Sciences, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Program in Craniofacial Biology, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Steven M Garcia
- Departments of Surgery and Orofacial Sciences, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Program in Craniofacial Biology, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Katharine Striedinger
- Departments of Surgery and Orofacial Sciences, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Program in Craniofacial Biology, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Jake Wu
- Departments of Surgery and Orofacial Sciences, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Program in Craniofacial Biology, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Solomon Lee
- Departments of Surgery and Orofacial Sciences, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Program in Craniofacial Biology, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Lauren Byrnes
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Alvin Wong
- Departments of Surgery and Orofacial Sciences, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Program in Craniofacial Biology, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Sun Xuefeng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Stanley Tamaki
- Departments of Surgery and Orofacial Sciences, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Program in Craniofacial Biology, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Andrew S Brack
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Jason H Pomerantz
- Departments of Surgery and Orofacial Sciences, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Program in Craniofacial Biology, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Heterotopic ossification (HO) is associated with inflammation. The goal of this review is to examine recent findings on the roles of inflammation and the immune system in HO. We examine how inflammation changes in fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva, in traumatic HO, and in other clinical conditions of HO. We also discuss how inflammation may be a target for treating HO. RECENT FINDINGS Both genetic and acquired forms of HO show similarities in their inflammatory cell types and signaling pathways. These include macrophages, mast cells, and adaptive immune cells, along with hypoxia signaling pathways, mesenchymal stem cell differentiation signaling pathways, vascular signaling pathways, and inflammatory cytokines. Because there are common inflammatory mediators across various types of HO, these mediators may serve as common targets for blocking HO. Future research may focus on identifying new inflammatory targets and testing combinatorial therapies based on these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Matsuo
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, 513 Parnassus Ave., HSE901, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0794, USA
- Department of Medicine, The Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, CA, San Francisco, USA
- The Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, CA, San Francisco, USA
| | - Robert Dalton Chavez
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, 513 Parnassus Ave., HSE901, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0794, USA
- Department of Medicine, The Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, CA, San Francisco, USA
- The Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, CA, San Francisco, USA
| | - Emilie Barruet
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, 513 Parnassus Ave., HSE901, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0794, USA
- Department of Medicine, The Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, CA, San Francisco, USA
- The Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, CA, San Francisco, USA
| | - Edward C Hsiao
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, 513 Parnassus Ave., HSE901, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0794, USA.
- Department of Medicine, The Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, CA, San Francisco, USA.
- The Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, CA, San Francisco, USA.
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15
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Pennings I, van Dijk LA, van Huuksloot J, Fledderus JO, Schepers K, Braat AK, Hsiao EC, Barruet E, Morales BM, Verhaar MC, Rosenberg AJWP, Gawlitta D. Effect of donor variation on osteogenesis and vasculogenesis in hydrogel cocultures. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2019; 13:433-445. [PMID: 30650247 PMCID: PMC6593839 DOI: 10.1002/term.2807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
To introduce a functional vascular network into tissue-engineered bone equivalents, human endothelial colony forming cells (ECFCs) and multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) can be cocultured. Here, we studied the impact of donor variation of human bone marrow-derived MSCs and cord blood-derived ECFCs on vasculogenesis and osteogenesis using a 3D in vitro coculture model. Further, to make the step towards cocultures consisting of cells derived from a single donor, we tested how induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived human endothelial cells (iECs) performed in coculture models. Cocultures with varying combinations of human donors of MSCs, ECFCs, or iECs were prepared in Matrigel. The constructs were cultured in an osteogenic differentiation medium. Following a 10-day culture period, the length of the prevascular structures and osteogenic differentiation were evaluated for up to 21 days of culture. The particular combination of MSC and ECFC donors influenced the vasculogenic properties significantly and induced variation in osteogenic potential. In addition, the use of iECs in the cocultures resulted in prevascular structure formation in osteogenically differentiated constructs. Together, these results showed that close attention to the source of primary cells, such as ECFCs and MSCs, is critical to address variability in vasculogenic and osteogenic potential. The 3D coculture model appeared to successfully generate prevascularized constructs and were sufficient in exceeding the ~200 μm diffusion limit. In addition, iPSC-derived cell lineages may decrease variability by providing a larger and potentially more uniform source of cells for future preclinical and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Pennings
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Special Dental Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Lukas A van Dijk
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Special Dental Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Juliet van Huuksloot
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Special Dental Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Joost O Fledderus
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Koen Schepers
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - A Koen Braat
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Edward C Hsiao
- Department of Medicine and the Institute for Human Genetics and the Program for Craniofacial Biology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Emilie Barruet
- Department of Medicine and the Institute for Human Genetics and the Program for Craniofacial Biology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Blanca M Morales
- Department of Medicine and the Institute for Human Genetics and the Program for Craniofacial Biology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Marianne C Verhaar
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Antoine J W P Rosenberg
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Special Dental Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Debby Gawlitta
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Special Dental Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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16
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Barruet E, Morales BM, Cain CJ, Ton AN, Wentworth KL, Chan TV, Moody TA, Haks MC, Ottenhoff TH, Hellman J, Nakamura MC, Hsiao EC. NF-κB/MAPK activation underlies ACVR1-mediated inflammation in human heterotopic ossification. JCI Insight 2018; 3:122958. [PMID: 30429363 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.122958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation helps regulate normal growth and tissue repair. Although bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) and inflammation are known contributors to abnormal bone formation, how these pathways interact in ossification remains unclear. METHODS We examined this potential link in patients with fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP), a genetic condition of progressive heterotopic ossification caused by activating mutations in the Activin A type I receptor (ACVR1/ALK2). FOP patients show exquisite sensitivity to trauma, suggesting that BMP pathway activation may alter immune responses. We studied primary blood, monocyte, and macrophage samples from control and FOP subjects using multiplex cytokine, gene expression, and protein analyses; examined CD14+ primary monocyte and macrophage responses to TLR ligands; and assayed BMP, TGF-β activated kinase 1 (TAK1), and NF-κB pathways. RESULTS FOP subjects at baseline without clinically evident heterotopic ossification showed increased serum IL-3, IL-7, IL-8, and IL-10. CD14+ primary monocytes treated with the TLR4 activator LPS showed increased CCL5, CCR7, and CXCL10; abnormal cytokine/chemokine secretion; and prolonged activation of the NF-κB pathway. FOP macrophages derived from primary monocytes also showed abnormal cytokine/chemokine secretion, increased TGF-β production, and p38MAPK activation. Surprisingly, SMAD phosphorylation was not significantly changed in the FOP monocytes/macrophages. CONCLUSIONS Abnormal ACVR1 activity causes a proinflammatory state via increased NF-κB and p38MAPK activity. Similar changes may contribute to other types of heterotopic ossification, such as in scleroderma and dermatomyositis; after trauma; or with recombinant BMP-induced bone fusion. Our findings suggest that chronic antiinflammatory treatment may be useful for heterotopic ossification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Barruet
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, and the Institute for Human Genetics, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Blanca M Morales
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, and the Institute for Human Genetics, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Corey J Cain
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, and the Institute for Human Genetics, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Amy N Ton
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, and the Institute for Human Genetics, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Kelly L Wentworth
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, and the Institute for Human Genetics, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Tea V Chan
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, and the Institute for Human Genetics, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Tania A Moody
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, and the Institute for Human Genetics, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Mariëlle C Haks
- Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Tom Hm Ottenhoff
- Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Judith Hellman
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Mary C Nakamura
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, San Francisco VA Health Care System, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Edward C Hsiao
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, and the Institute for Human Genetics, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
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Barruet E, Hsiao EC. Application of human induced pluripotent stem cells to model fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva. Bone 2018; 109:162-167. [PMID: 28716551 PMCID: PMC5767535 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2017.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is a genetic condition characterized by massive heterotopic ossification. FOP patients have mutations in the Activin A type I receptor (ACVR1), a bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) receptor. FOP is a progressive and debilitating disease characterized by bone formation flares that often occur after trauma. Since it is often difficult or impossible to obtain large amounts of tissue from human donors due to the risks of inciting more heterotopic bone formation, human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) provide an attractive source for establishing in vitro disease models and for applications in drug screening. hiPSCs have the ability to self-renew, allowing researchers to obtain large amounts of starting material. hiPSCs also have the potential to differentiate into any cell type in the body. In this review, we discuss how the application of hiPSC technology to studying FOP has changed our perspectives on FOP disease pathogenesis. We also consider ongoing challenges and emerging opportunities for the use of human iPSCs in drug discovery and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Barruet
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine and the Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, United States.
| | - Edward C Hsiao
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine and the Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, United States.
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Barruet E, Morales BM, Lwin W, White MP, Theodoris CV, Kim H, Urrutia A, Wong SA, Srivastava D, Hsiao EC. The ACVR1 R206H mutation found in fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva increases human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived endothelial cell formation and collagen production through BMP-mediated SMAD1/5/8 signaling. Stem Cell Res Ther 2016; 7:115. [PMID: 27530160 PMCID: PMC4988052 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-016-0372-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Activin A and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) pathways are critical regulators of the immune system and of bone formation. Inappropriate activation of these pathways, as in conditions of congenital heterotopic ossification, are thought to activate an osteogenic program in endothelial cells. However, if and how this occurs in human endothelial cells remains unclear. Methods We used a new directed differentiation protocol to create human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived endothelial cells (iECs) from patients with fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP), a congenital disease of heterotopic ossification caused by an activating R206H mutation in the Activin A type I receptor (ACVR1). This strategy allowed the direct assay of the cell-autonomous effects of ACVR1 R206H in the endogenous locus without the use of transgenic expression. These cells were challenged with BMP or Activin A ligand, and tested for their ability to activate osteogenesis, extracellular matrix production, and differential downstream signaling in the BMP/Activin A pathways. Results We found that FOP iECs could form in conditions with low or absent BMP4. These conditions are not normally permissive in control cells. FOP iECs cultured in mineralization media showed increased alkaline phosphatase staining, suggesting formation of immature osteoblasts, but failed to show mature osteoblastic features. However, FOP iECs expressed more fibroblastic genes and Collagen 1/2 compared to control iECs, suggesting a mechanism for the tissue fibrosis seen in early heterotopic lesions. Finally, FOP iECs showed increased SMAD1/5/8 signaling upon BMP4 stimulation. Contrary to FOP hiPSCs, FOP iECs did not show a significant increase in SMAD1/5/8 phosphorylation upon Activin A stimulation, suggesting that the ACVR1 R206H mutation has a cell type-specific effect. In addition, we found that the expression of ACVR1 and type II receptors were different in hiPSCs and iECs, which could explain the cell type-specific SMAD signaling. Conclusions Our results suggest that the ACVR1 R206H mutation may not directly increase the formation of mature chondrogenic or osteogenic cells by FOP iECs. Our results also show that BMP can induce endothelial cell dysfunction, increase expression of fibrogenic matrix proteins, and cause differential downstream signaling of the ACVR1 R206H mutation. This iPSC model provides new insight into how human endothelial cells may contribute to the pathogenesis of heterotopic ossification. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13287-016-0372-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Barruet
- Institute for Human Genetics and the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, 513 Parnassus Avenue, HSE901G, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0794, USA
| | - Blanca M Morales
- Institute for Human Genetics and the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, 513 Parnassus Avenue, HSE901G, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0794, USA
| | - Wint Lwin
- Institute for Human Genetics and the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, 513 Parnassus Avenue, HSE901G, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0794, USA
| | - Mark P White
- Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, 1650 Owens Street, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Christina V Theodoris
- Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, 1650 Owens Street, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Hannah Kim
- Institute for Human Genetics and the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, 513 Parnassus Avenue, HSE901G, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0794, USA
| | - Ashley Urrutia
- Institute for Human Genetics and the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, 513 Parnassus Avenue, HSE901G, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0794, USA
| | - Sarah Anne Wong
- School of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences Program, University of California, 707 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Deepak Srivastava
- Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, 1650 Owens Street, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Edward C Hsiao
- Institute for Human Genetics and the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, 513 Parnassus Avenue, HSE901G, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0794, USA. .,Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, 513 Parnassus Avenue, HSE901G, UCSF Box 0794, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0794, USA.
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Cain CJ, Gaborit N, Lwin W, Barruet E, Ho S, Bonnard C, Hamamy H, Shboul M, Reversade B, Kayserili H, Bruneau BG, Hsiao EC. Loss of Iroquois homeobox transcription factors 3 and 5 in osteoblasts disrupts cranial mineralization. Bone Rep 2016; 5:86-95. [PMID: 27453922 PMCID: PMC4926823 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2016.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cranial malformations are a significant cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality. Iroquois homeobox transcription factors (IRX) are expressed early in bone tissue formation and facilitate patterning and mineralization of the skeleton. Mice lacking Irx5 appear grossly normal, suggesting that redundancy within the Iroquois family. However, global loss of both Irx3 and Irx5 in mice leads to significant skeletal malformations and embryonic lethality from cardiac defects. Here, we study the bone-specific functions of Irx3 and Irx5 using Osx-Cre to drive osteoblast lineage-specific deletion of Irx3 in Irx5(-/-) mice. Although we found that the Osx-Cre transgene alone could also affect craniofacial mineralization, newborn Irx3 (flox/flox) /Irx5(-/-)/Osx-Cre (+) mice displayed additional mineralization defects in parietal, interparietal, and frontal bones with enlarged sutures and reduced calvarial expression of osteogenic genes. Newborn endochondral long bones were largely unaffected, but we observed marked reductions in 3-4-week old bone mineral content of Irx3 (flox/flox) /Irx5(-/-)/Osx-Cre (+) mice. Our findings indicate that IRX3 and IRX5 can work together to regulate mineralization of specific cranial bones. Our results also provide insight into the causes of the skeletal changes and mineralization defects seen in Hamamy syndrome patients carrying mutations in IRX5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corey J Cain
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute for Human Genetics, Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0794, USA
| | - Nathalie Gaborit
- Inserm, UMR 1087, l'institut du thorax, Nantes, France; CNRS, UMR 6291, Nantes, France; Université de Nantes, France
| | - Wint Lwin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute for Human Genetics, Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0794, USA
| | - Emilie Barruet
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute for Human Genetics, Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0794, USA
| | - Samantha Ho
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute for Human Genetics, Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0794, USA
| | - Carine Bonnard
- Human Embryology and Genetics Laboratory, Institute of Medical Biology, ASTAR, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Hanan Hamamy
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, Geneva University, Geneva 1211, Switzerland
| | - Mohammad Shboul
- Human Embryology and Genetics Laboratory, Institute of Medical Biology, ASTAR, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Bruno Reversade
- Human Embryology and Genetics Laboratory, Institute of Medical Biology, ASTAR, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Hülya Kayserili
- Medical Genetics Department, Koc University School of Medicine, Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sarıyer, Istanbul 34450, Turkey; Medical Genetics Department, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University Topkapi, Fatih, 34093 lstanbul, Turkey
| | - Benoit G Bruneau
- Gladstone Institute for Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Edward C Hsiao
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute for Human Genetics, Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0794, USA
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Badja C, Maleeva G, El-Yazidi C, Barruet E, Lasserre M, Tropel P, Binetruy B, Bregestovski P, Magdinier F. Efficient and cost-effective generation of mature neurons from human induced pluripotent stem cells. Stem Cells Transl Med 2014; 3:1467-72. [PMID: 25355730 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2014-0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
For years, our ability to study pathological changes in neurological diseases has been hampered by the lack of relevant models until the recent groundbreaking work from Yamanaka's group showing that it is feasible to generate induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from human somatic cells and to redirect the fate of these iPSCs into differentiated cells. In particular, much interest has focused on the ability to differentiate human iPSCs into neuronal progenitors and functional neurons for relevance to a large number of pathologies including mental retardation and behavioral or degenerative syndromes. Current differentiation protocols are time-consuming and generate limited amounts of cells, hindering use on a large scale. We describe a feeder-free method relying on the use of a chemically defined medium that overcomes the need for embryoid body formation and neuronal rosette isolation for neuronal precursors and terminally differentiated neuron production. Four days after induction, expression of markers of the neurectoderm lineage is detectable. Between 4 and 7 days, neuronal precursors can be expanded, frozen, and thawed without loss of proliferation and differentiation capacities or further differentiated. Terminal differentiation into the different subtypes of mature neurons found in the human brain were observed. At 6-35 days after induction, cells express typical voltage-gated and ionotrophic receptors for GABA, glycine, and acetylcholine. This specific and efficient single-step strategy in a chemically defined medium allows the production of mature neurons in 20-40 days with multiple applications, especially for modeling human pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cherif Badja
- Medical Genetics and Functional Genomics and Brain Dynamics Institute, Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, Marseille, France; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Galyna Maleeva
- Medical Genetics and Functional Genomics and Brain Dynamics Institute, Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, Marseille, France; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Claire El-Yazidi
- Medical Genetics and Functional Genomics and Brain Dynamics Institute, Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, Marseille, France; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Emilie Barruet
- Medical Genetics and Functional Genomics and Brain Dynamics Institute, Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, Marseille, France; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Manon Lasserre
- Medical Genetics and Functional Genomics and Brain Dynamics Institute, Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, Marseille, France; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Philippe Tropel
- Medical Genetics and Functional Genomics and Brain Dynamics Institute, Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, Marseille, France; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Bernard Binetruy
- Medical Genetics and Functional Genomics and Brain Dynamics Institute, Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, Marseille, France; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Piotr Bregestovski
- Medical Genetics and Functional Genomics and Brain Dynamics Institute, Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, Marseille, France; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Frédérique Magdinier
- Medical Genetics and Functional Genomics and Brain Dynamics Institute, Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, Marseille, France; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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Hadjal Y, Hadadeh O, Yazidi CEI, Barruet E, Binétruy B. A p38MAPK-p53 cascade regulates mesodermal differentiation and neurogenesis of embryonic stem cells. Cell Death Dis 2013; 4:e737. [PMID: 23887628 PMCID: PMC3730419 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2013.246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Revised: 06/05/2013] [Accepted: 06/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) differentiate in vivo and in vitro into all cell lineages, and they have been proposed as cellular therapy for human diseases. However, the molecular mechanisms controlling ESC commitment toward specific lineages need to be specified. We previously found that the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) pathway inhibits neurogenesis and is necessary to mesodermal formation during the critical first 5 days of mouse ESC commitment. This period corresponds to the expression of specific master genes that direct ESC into each of the three embryonic layers. By both chemical and genetic approaches, we found now that, during this phase, the p38MAPK pathway stabilizes the p53 protein level and that interfering directly with p53 mimics the effects of p38MAPK inhibition on ESC differentiation. Anti-p53 siRNA transient transfections stimulate Bcl2 and Pax6 gene expressions, leading to increased ESC neurogenesis compared with control transfections. Conversely, p53 downregulation leads to a strong inhibition of the mesodermal master genes Brachyury and Mesp1 affecting cardiomyogenesis and skeletal myogenesis of ESCs. Similar results were found with p53−/− ESCs compared with their wild-type counterparts. In addition, knockout p53 ESCs show impaired smooth muscle cell and adipocyte formation. Use of anti-Nanog siRNAs demonstrates that certain of these regulations result partially to p53-dependent repression of Nanog gene expression. In addition to its well-known role in DNA-damage response, apoptosis, cell cycle control and tumor suppression, p53 has also been involved in vivo in embryonic development; our results show now that p53 mediates, at least for a large part, the p38MAPK control of the early commitment of ESCs toward mesodermal and neural lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Hadjal
- INSERM U910, Faculté de Médecine, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, Marseille Cedex 5, France
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Barruet E, Hadadeh O, Peiretti F, Renault VM, Hadjal Y, Bernot D, Tournaire R, Negre D, Juhan-Vague I, Alessi MC, Binétruy B. p38 mitogen activated protein kinase controls two successive-steps during the early mesodermal commitment of embryonic stem cells. Stem Cells Dev 2010; 20:1233-46. [PMID: 20954847 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2010.0213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Embryonic stem (ES) cells differentiate in vitro into all cell lineages. We previously found that the p38 mitogen activated kinase (p38MAPK) pathway controls the commitment of ES cells toward either cardiomyogenesis (p38 on) or neurogenesis (p38 off ). In this study, we show that p38α knock-out ES cells do not differentiate into cardiac, endothelial, smooth muscle, and skeletal muscle lineages. Reexpression of p38MAPK in these cells partially rescues their mesodermal differentiation defects and corrects the high level of spontaneous neurogenesis of knock-out cells. Wild-type ES cells were treated with a p38MAPK-specific inhibitor during the differentiation process. These experiments allowed us to identify 2 early independent successive p38MAPK functions in the formation of mesodermal lineages. Further, the first one correlates with the regulation of the expression of Brachyury, an essential mesodermal-specific transcription factor, by p38MAPK. In conclusion, by genetic and biochemical approaches, we demonstrate that p38MAPK activity is essential for the commitment of ES cell into cardiac, endothelial, smooth muscle, and skeletal muscle mesodermal lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Barruet
- Inserm U626, Université de la Méditerranée, Faculté de Médecine, Marseille, France
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Bernot D, Barruet E, Poggi M, Bonardo B, Alessi MC, Peiretti F. Down-regulation of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-3 (TIMP-3) expression is necessary for adipocyte differentiation. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:6508-14. [PMID: 20056610 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.078444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinase activity is essential for proper extracellular matrix remodeling that takes place during adipose tissue formation. Four tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMPs) regulate their activity. However, the role of TIMPs in adipocyte differentiation is poorly understood. We found that the expression of all TIMPs was modified during adipocyte differentiation, but that of TIMP-3 was distinguished by its extreme down-regulation. TIMP-3 expression was closely linked to the differentiation process. Indeed, it remained low during the adipocyte differentiation but increased when cell differentiation was prevented. We identified the transcription factor Sp1 as being responsible for the regulation of TIMP-3 expression during adipocyte differentiation. Overexpression of TIMP-3 reduced adipocyte differentiation, underlining its active role in this process. TIMP-3 overexpression decreased the expression of the early and obligate key inductors of adipogenesis Krüppel-like factor 4 (Klf4), early growth response 2 (Egr2/Krox20), and CAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta (C/EBPbeta). Our results indicate that during preadipocyte differentiation, the Sp1-dependent decrease in TIMP-3 expression is required for the successful implementation of the adipocyte differentiation program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Bernot
- INSERM, U626, Faculté de Médecine, Université de la Méditérranée, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, Marseilles 13385 Cedex 5, France
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Barruet E, Peiretti F, Hadadeh O, Juhan-vague I, Alessi MC, Binetruy B. D027 Role de la voie de transduction P38MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) dans les differenciations endotheliales et myogeniques des cellules souches embryonnaires. Arch Cardiovasc Dis 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1875-2136(09)72237-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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