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Sharma S, Chung J, Uryu S, Rickard A, Nady N, Khan S, Wang Z, Zhang Y, Zhang H, Kung PP, Greenwald E, Maegley K, Bingham P, Lam H, Bozikis YE, Falk H, Allan E, Avery VM, Butler MS, Camerino MA, Carrasco-Pozo C, Charman SA, Davis MJ, Dawson MA, Sarah-Jane D, de Silva M, Dennis ML, Dolezal O, Lagiakos R, Lindeman GJ, MacPherson L, Nuttall S, Peat TS, Ren B, Stupple AE, Surgenor E, Tan CW, Thomas T, Visvader JE, Voss AK, Vaillant F, White KL, Whittle J, Yang Y, Hediyeh-Zadeh S, Stupple PA, Street IP, Monahan BJ, Paul T. Abstract 1130: First-in-class KAT6A/KAT6B inhibitor CTx-648 (PF-9363) demonstrates potent anti-tumor activity in ER+ breast cancer with KAT6A dysregulation. Cancer Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2021-1130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
KAT6A is a lysine histone acetyltransferase (HAT) of the MYST family of HATs. KAT6A, and its paralog KAT6B, have been shown to acetylate histone H3K23Ac and regulate diverse biological processes, including transcription, cell-cycle progression, stem cell maintenance and development. Molecular dysregulation of KAT6A has been observed in several cancers, including amplifications in breast, lung, ovarian cancer along with oncogenic fusions in AML. In breast cancer, KAT6A is amplified as part of the 8p11 amplicon in 10-15% of the patient population, which correlates with a worse clinical outcome in the estrogen receptor+ (ER+) subtype. Here we present identification of a first-in-class potent KAT6A/KAT6B tool inhibitor CTx-648 (PF-9363), that possesses high selectivity versus other MYST family members (KAT7, KAT5, KAT8) and other KATs, demonstrating anti-tumor activity in breast cancer. Using genetic and pharmacological approaches, we have demonstrated several ER+ breast cancer cell lines including KAT6A amplified and over-expressing models, are dependent on KAT6A enzymatic function. Epigenomic profiling studies using bulk and nascent RNA-seq combined with ATAC-seq revealed CTx-648 leads to downregulation of a specific set of genes involved in ESR1 pathway, cell cycle and stem cell pathways. In vivo target validation studies showed strong anti-tumor activity of CTx-648 in several ER+ breast cancer cell line and patient-derived xenograft models, including models harboring endocrine therapy resistance ESR1 mutations, highlighting promise for this novel therapy in ER+ breast cancer population. Based on the strength of the pre-clinical data, a selective KAT6 inhibitor (PF-07248144) is now commencing a Phase 1 clinical study in Advanced or Metastatic Solid Tumors.
Citation Format: Shikhar Sharma, Jay Chung, Sean Uryu, Amanda Rickard, Natalie Nady, Showkhin Khan, Zhenxiong Wang, Yong Zhang, Haikuo Zhang, Pei-Pei Kung, Eric Greenwald, Karen Maegley, Patrick Bingham, Hieu Lam, Ylva E. Bozikis, Hendrik Falk, Elizabeth Allan, Vicky M. Avery, Miriam S. Butler, Michelle A. Camerino, Catalina Carrasco-Pozo, Susan A. Charman, Melissa J. Davis, Mark A. Dawson, Dawson Sarah-Jane, Melanie de Silva, Matthew L. Dennis, Olan Dolezal, Rachel Lagiakos, Geoffrey J. Lindeman, Laura MacPherson, Stewart Nuttall, Thomas S. Peat, Bin Ren, Alexandra E. Stupple, Elliot Surgenor, Chin Wee Tan, Tim Thomas, Jane E. Visvader, Anne K. Voss, Francois Vaillant, Karen L. White, James Whittle, Yuqing Yang, Soroor Hediyeh-Zadeh, Paul A. Stupple, Ian P. Street, Brendon J. Monahan, Thomas Paul. First-in-class KAT6A/KAT6B inhibitor CTx-648 (PF-9363) demonstrates potent anti-tumor activity in ER+ breast cancer with KAT6A dysregulation [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2021; 2021 Apr 10-15 and May 17-21. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(13_Suppl):Abstract nr 1130.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Melissa J. Davis
- 6The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
| | - Mark A. Dawson
- 4The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Melanie de Silva
- 6The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
| | - Matthew L. Dennis
- 7Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Biomedical Program, Parkville, Australia
| | - Olan Dolezal
- 7Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Biomedical Program, Parkville, Australia
| | - Rachel Lagiakos
- 7Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Biomedical Program, Parkville, Australia
| | | | | | - Stewart Nuttall
- 7Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Biomedical Program, Parkville, Australia
| | - Thomas S. Peat
- 7Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Biomedical Program, Parkville, Australia
| | - Bin Ren
- 7Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Biomedical Program, Parkville, Australia
| | | | - Elliot Surgenor
- 6The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
| | - Chin Wee Tan
- 6The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
| | - Tim Thomas
- 6The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
| | - Jane E. Visvader
- 6The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
| | - Anne K. Voss
- 6The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
| | - Francois Vaillant
- 6The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
| | | | - James Whittle
- 6The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
| | - Yuqing Yang
- 6The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
| | | | - Paul A. Stupple
- 9Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Australia
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Gottlieb LA, Vaillant F, Abell E, El-Hamrani D, Naulin J, Lamy J, Kachenoura K, Quesson B, Coronel R, Dekker LRC. Ablation scar in a single pulmonary vein causes proarrhythmic mechanical destabilization in healthy sheep atria. Europace 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euab116.552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Public hospital(s). Main funding source(s): Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven Medtronic (unrestricted research grant)
Background
Ablative pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) prevents AF in 60% of AF patients. The absence of an antiarrhythmic effect of PVI is poorly understood. Atrial and PV stretch is proarrhythmic but the mechanical effect of PV ablation scar on AF arrhythmogenesis is unknown. We hypothesize that single ablation scars are potentially proarrhythmic because they create heterogeneous stretch.
Purpose
To evaluate the mechanical effect of a purposely incomplete PVI ablation scar on left atrial (LA) electrophysiology.
Methods
Functional cardiac MRIs in vivo in sheep (n = 11) before and 3-months after incomplete PVI by radiofrequency in the right PV (RPV) were analyzed with a feature-tracking algorithm to obtain local strain in the LA. The ablated hearts were explanted and perfused with 1:5 blood:Krebs solution in a dual-chamber working-heart set-up. Diagnostic multi-electrode endocardial catheters were positioned in the RPV and left PV (LPV). Premature stimulation was performed in each PV in low (∼12mmHg) and high (∼25mmHg) LA pressure. Twelve control hearts without ablation scar underwent similar ex vivo investigation.
Results
The maximum longitudinal strain of the myocardial wall between the RPV and LPV increased
from 20.2 ± 6.2% to 33.5 ± 16.0% (before vs. after ablation, respectively; p = 0.032), whereas the maximum radial strain of the LA septum close to the RPV decreased from 45.6 ± 9.7% to 35.8 ± 7.3% (before vs. after ablation, respectively; p = 0.035). Sustained AF (>30s) was more often induced during stimulation in hearts with ablation scar than in control (25.0% and 11.5% of induction attempts (n = 76 and n = 87) in ablated and control hearts, respectively; p = 0.025). In ablated hearts, an increase in LA pressure augmented AF inducibility (12.8% vs. 37.8% of induction attempts (n = 39 vs. n = 37), low vs. high LA pressure, respectively; p = 0.023), whereas this was not the case in control hearts (4.4% vs. 19.0% of induction attempts (n = 45 vs. n = 42), low vs. high LA pressure; p = 0.289). The number of spontaneous premature atrial complexes (PACs) not leading to AF were similar in ablated and control hearts (0 ± 0 vs. 0 ± 2 total PACs within 20ms of refractory period during premature stimulation protocol, respectively; p = 0.411). The diastolic stimulation threshold of RPV was higher in the ablated than in control hearts (90 ± 63 vs. 79 ± 31mA, respectively; p = 0.049). The refractory period was similar in the ablated and control hearts (237 ± 62 vs. 235 ± 55ms, respectively; p = 0.873).
Conclusion
Local ablation scar caused regionally disparate bio-mechanical changes in proximity to ablative energy delivery and increased inducibility of sustained AF especially during increased LA stretch. This was associated with decreased tissue excitability without changes in refractoriness. A single incomplete PVI ablation scar therefore is proarrhythmic. Development of ablation lesion sets that homogenize atrial mechanics and electrophysiology may improve AF ablation success.
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Affiliation(s)
- LA Gottlieb
- Academic Medical Center, Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam, Netherlands (The)
| | | | | | | | | | - J Lamy
- Yale University, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, New Haven, United States of America
| | - K Kachenoura
- Sorbonne University, CNRS, INSERM, Laboratoire d’Imagerie Biomédicale, Paris, France
| | | | - R Coronel
- Academic Medical Center, Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam, Netherlands (The)
| | - LRC Dekker
- Catharina Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Eindhoven, Netherlands (The)
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Debruche M, Mettlen C, Paulus A, Vaillant F, Sibille A, Frères P, Duysinx B, Louis R. [Non small cell lung carcinoma in never-smokers at the Liege University Hospital : a retrospective cohort study, 2017-2018]. Rev Med Liege 2021; 76:446-451. [PMID: 34080378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the third most common cancer in Belgium in 2017 and remains the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. There is no longer any doubt that the main cause of lung cancer is smoking. However, the prevalence of lung cancer in never-smokers has been increasing overtime. Moreover, it is now recognized that the lung cancer of non-smoker patients has very distinct characteristics. In this retrospective cohort study (N = 520), we describe the characteristics of non-smoker patients and their non-small cell lung carcinoma and compare them to those of smokers. The patients included in this study were whose with a new diagnostic of lung cancer made at the Liège University Hospital of Liège over 2 years round. Non small cell lung cancer occurring in never-smokers patients is more often seen in young and very old patients, more frequent in female, essentially adenocarcinoma and often associated with mutations. This work confirms that lung cancer in never-smokers shows different features than lung cancer seen in patients with a smoking history.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Debruche
- Service de Pneumologie, CHR Citadelle, Liège, Belgique
| | - C Mettlen
- Service de Pneumologie, CHU Liège, Belgique
| | - A Paulus
- Service de Pneumologie, CHU Liège, Belgique
| | - F Vaillant
- Service de Pneumologie, CHU Liège, Belgique
| | - A Sibille
- Service de Pneumologie, CHU Liège, Belgique
| | - P Frères
- Service d'Oncologie médicale, CHU Liège, Belgique
| | - B Duysinx
- Service de Pneumologie, CHU Liège, Belgique
| | - R Louis
- Service de Pneumologie, CHU Liège, Belgique
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Duysinx B, Paulus A, Vaillant F, Duquenne JB, Corhay JL, Louis R, Sibille A. [Managing of dyspnea in oncology]. Rev Med Liege 2021; 76:432-439. [PMID: 34080376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The perception of ventilatory effort is common in oncology, especially but not exclusively in the advanced stages of neoplastic disease. Dyspnea is a symptom whose discomfort and anguish it generates in the patient and his/ her entourage require constant management throughout the illness. The first step is to identify and optimize the treatment of comorbidities associated with tumour disease. Relief of respiratory oppression as a symptom requires a multidisciplinary approach. Opiates and benzodiazepines are at the forefront of pharmacological management. The mechanical obstruction that limits ventilatory flow and/or chest ampliation may justify more invasive management, including endoscopic techniques. Oxygen therapy will be considered on a case-by-case basis. Finally, global management includes respiratory revalidation, psychological support and improvement of environmental quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Duysinx
- Service de Pneumologie, CHU Liège, Belgique
| | - A Paulus
- Service de Pneumologie, CHU Liège, Belgique
| | - F Vaillant
- Service de Pneumologie, CHU Liège, Belgique
| | | | - J L Corhay
- Service de Pneumologie, CHU Liège, Belgique
| | - R Louis
- Service de Pneumologie, CHU Liège, Belgique
| | - A Sibille
- Service de Pneumologie, CHU Liège, Belgique
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Paulus A, Lousberg L, Duysinx B, Sibille A, Duquenne JB, Corhay JL, Louis R, Vaillant F. [Small cell lung cancer : update of therapy]. Rev Med Liege 2021; 76:452-457. [PMID: 34080379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer is a malignant tumour with a poor prognosis. Standard treatment of metastatic stages has been a platinum doublet since 1980, but the addition of immunotherapy has improved prognosis. For locally advanced stages, the combination of radio-chemotherapy remains the treatment of choice, with no evidence at present of the value of immunotherapy in consolidation, and for localized stages, surgery is the first-line therapy. Unfortunately, in the second line, we have no other molecule than the topotecan despite several studies. Prophylactic brain irradiation remains debated even if it has been validated in localized forms. Finally, there is hope with targeted therapy following the development of subtypes of small cell lung cancer but studies remain difficult to conduct.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Paulus
- Service de Pneumologie, CHU Liège, Belgique
| | - L Lousberg
- Service d'Oncologie médicale, CHU Liège, Belgique
| | - B Duysinx
- Service de Pneumologie, CHU Liège, Belgique
| | - A Sibille
- Service de Pneumologie, CHU Liège, Belgique
| | | | - J L Corhay
- Service de Pneumologie, CHU Liège, Belgique
| | - R Louis
- Service de Pneumologie, CHU Liège, Belgique
| | - F Vaillant
- Service de Pneumologie, CHU Liège, Belgique
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6
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Lousberg L, Collignon J, Troisfontaine F, Paulus A, Vaillant F, Delannoy P, Petignot S, Petrossians P, Rohmer V, Jadoul A, Beckers A. [Neuroendocrine neoplasms : a new era to the top of multidisciplinarity !]. Rev Med Liege 2021; 76:425-431. [PMID: 34080375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Neuroendocrine neoplasms are histologically defined by a common neuroendocrine cellular phenotype. These are still considered as rare tumours even though their incidence is increasing. Heterogeneity is everywhere whether in the localization of the primitive cancer, the clinical presentation, the histological classification, the prognosis, as well as in therapeutic options, which clearly justifies specialized multidisciplinary care. Heterogeneity and scarcity explain the still fragmented nature of knowledge in this domain. Thanks to an increase in incidence, a desire for standardization of classification as well as the arrival of major therapeutic advances, such as vectorized internal radiotherapy, the future of neuroendocrine neoplasia seems more than promising and exciting. In our daily clinical practice at CHU Liège, we hope to bring our stone to the building by listing as many cases as possible in national and/or international databases, by centralizing therapeutic discussions within specific multidisciplinary concertations and by participating in multicenter study protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Lousberg
- Service d'Oncologie Médicale CHU Liège, Belgique
| | - J Collignon
- Service d'Oncologie Médicale CHU Liège, Belgique
| | | | - A Paulus
- Service de Pneumologie, CHU Liège, Belgique
| | - F Vaillant
- Service de Pneumologie, CHU Liège, Belgique
| | - P Delannoy
- Service d'Endocrinologie, CHU Liège, Belgique
| | - S Petignot
- Service d'Endocrinologie, CHU Liège, Belgique
| | | | - V Rohmer
- Service d'Endocrinologie, CHU Liège, Belgique
| | - A Jadoul
- Service de Médecine Nucléaire, CHU, Liège, Belgique
| | - A Beckers
- Service d'Endocrinologie, CHU Liège, Belgique
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Sibille A, Corhay JL, Vaillant F, Paulus A, Louis R, Duysinx B. [Targeted therapies for non-small cell lung cancer : state of the art in 2021]. Rev Med Liege 2021; 76:458-463. [PMID: 34080380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The majority of non-small cell lung cancers are diagnosed as advanced disease. Subsets of adenocarcinomas and of squamous cell carcinomas in nonsmokers present a molecular aberration leading to tumour survival. Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR), Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) and Repressor Of Silencing1 (ROS1) have been identified and targeted with good efficacy for fifteen years. Newer inhibitors brought even greater efficacy with a generally better tolerability. Other molecular aberrations (Kirsten Rat Sarcoma, Rearranged during Transfection, MET, NeuroTrophic Receptor yrosine kinase) are targets for newly developed, more selective drugs. As more and more patients will benefit from targeted therapies, the identification of molecular aberration is more than ever crucial for optimal lung cancer patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sibille
- Service de Pneumologie, CHU Liège, Belgique
| | - J L Corhay
- Service de Pneumologie, CHU Liège, Belgique
| | - F Vaillant
- Service de Pneumologie, CHU Liège, Belgique
| | - A Paulus
- Service de Pneumologie, CHU Liège, Belgique
| | - R Louis
- Service de Pneumologie, CHU Liège, Belgique
| | - B Duysinx
- Service de Pneumologie, CHU Liège, Belgique
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8
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Debruche M, Vaillant F, Paulus A, Heinen V, Corhay JL, Duysinx B. [Empyema and subacute invasive aspergillosis following drowning]. Rev Med Liege 2021; 76:13-17. [PMID: 33443323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Empyema and subacute invasive aspergillosis are rare pathologies that should not be overlooked because of the need for early treatment and a different management of bacterial infections which are more frequent. We report the case of a 75-year-old man with subacute invasive aspergillosis and an empyema following drowning and cardiopulmonary arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Debruche
- Service de Pneumologie, CHU Liège, Belgique
| | - F Vaillant
- Service de Pneumologie, CHU Liège, Belgique
| | - A Paulus
- Service de Pneumologie, CHU Liège, Belgique
| | - V Heinen
- Service de Pneumologie, CHU Liège, Belgique
| | - J L Corhay
- Service de Pneumologie, CHU Liège, Belgique
| | - B Duysinx
- Service de Pneumologie, CHU Liège, Belgique
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Frix AN, Schoneveld L, Ladang A, Henket M, Duysinx B, Vaillant F, Misset B, Moutschen M, Louis R, Cavalier E, Guiot J. Could KL-6 levels in COVID-19 help to predict lung disease? Respir Res 2020; 21:309. [PMID: 33234132 PMCID: PMC7683867 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-020-01560-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease COVID-19 has become a public health emergency of international concern. Together with the quest for an effective treatment, the question of the post-infectious evolution of affected patients in healing process remains uncertain. Krebs von den Lungen 6 (KL-6) is a high molecular weight mucin-like glycoprotein produced by type II pneumocytes and bronchial epithelial cells. Its production is raised during epithelial lesions and cellular regeneration. In COVID-19 infection, KL-6 serum levels could therefore be of interest for diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic response evaluation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Our study retrospectively compared KL-6 levels between a cohort of 83 COVID-19 infected patients and two other groups: healthy subjects (n = 70) on one hand, and a heterogenous group of patients suffering from interstitial lung diseases (n = 31; composed of 16 IPF, 4 sarcoidosis, 11 others) on the other hand. Demographical, clinical and laboratory indexes were collected. Our study aims to compare KL-6 levels between a COVID-19 population and healthy subjects or patients suffering from interstitial lung diseases (ILDs). Ultimately, we ought to determine whether KL-6 could be a marker of disease severity and bad prognosis. RESULTS Our results showed that serum KL-6 levels in COVID-19 patients were increased compared to healthy subjects, but to a lesser extent than in patients suffering from ILD. Increased levels of KL-6 in COVID-19 patients were associated with a more severe lung disease. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Our results suggest that KL-6 could be a good biomarker to assess ILD severity in COVID-19 infection. Concerning the therapeutic response prediction, more studies are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- A N Frix
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, CHU Liège, University Hospital of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, B35, 4000, Liège, Belgium.
| | - L Schoneveld
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, CHU Liège, University Hospital of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, B35, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - A Ladang
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, CHU Liège, University Hospital of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, B35, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - M Henket
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, CHU Liège, University Hospital of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, B35, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - B Duysinx
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, CHU Liège, University Hospital of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, B35, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - F Vaillant
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, CHU Liège, University Hospital of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, B35, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - B Misset
- Intensive Care Unit, CHU Liège, University Hospital of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, B35, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - M Moutschen
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, CHU Liège, University Hospital of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, B35, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - R Louis
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, CHU Liège, University Hospital of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, B35, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - E Cavalier
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, CHU Liège, University Hospital of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, B35, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - J Guiot
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, CHU Liège, University Hospital of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, B35, 4000, Liège, Belgium
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Paul J, Vaillant F, Vanden Bossche O, Pepersack T, Henrard S, Boland B. Orthostatic blood pressure drop and cardiovascular and psychotropic medication dosages in acutely ill geriatric inpatients. Acta Clin Belg 2020; 75:313-320. [PMID: 31141464 DOI: 10.1080/17843286.2019.1623516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES . To investigate the dose-response relationship between cardiovascular or psychotropic medication dosages and falling orthostatic blood pressure in geriatric inpatients. METHODS . This cross-sectional study included 100 consecutive geriatric inpatients of a Belgian hospital. The end points were the maximum changes of systolic (sBP) and diastolic (dBP) blood pressure in a standing up position at one or three minutes. The dosages of six classes of vascular and five classes of psychotropic medications were expressed in terms of a proportion of defined daily doses (DDD). Bivariate and multivariate linear regression models were used. RESULTS . The 100 geriatric patients (85 ± 5 years, 58 % women) received 7.7 ± 4 medications (mean DDD: vascular = 1.0, psychotropic = 0.74) on the day of an orthostatic test (lying sBP: 136 ± 21; dBP: 72 ± 14 mm Hg). In a standing position, sBP and dBP fell by 12 ± 17 and 11 ± 5 mmHg, respectively. At the individual level, BP change was not correlated with vascular DDD (sBP: p = 0.07, r2 = 0.04; dBP: p = 0.59; r2 = 0.004) nor with psychotropic DDD (sBP: p = 0.14, r2 = 0.02; dBP: p = 0.82; r2 = 0.0). In multivariate analysis, sBP drop was positively associated with age, diabetes, falls history, and number of medications, but not with the DDD of any of the medication classes, while dBP drop was positively associated with age, diabetes, stroke and anaemia, but again with the DDD of any of the medication classes. CONCLUSION . No correlation was found between vascular and psychotropic medication dosages and the orthostatic blood pressure drop expressed as a continuous variable.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Paul
- Geriatric Medecine, Brussels, Belgium
| | - F. Vaillant
- Geriatric Medecine, Brussels, Belgium
- Pharmacy, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - T. Pepersack
- Institut Jules Bordet, Oncogeriatric Unit, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - S. Henrard
- Clinical Pharmacy Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Belgium
- Institute of Health and Society (IRSS), Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - B. Boland
- Geriatric Medecine, Brussels, Belgium
- Institute of Health and Society (IRSS), Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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Douard M, Vaillant F, Abell E, White E, Dos Santos P, Brette F. Acute hexosamine pathway activation induces cardiac arrhythmia. Archives of Cardiovascular Diseases Supplements 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.acvdsp.2020.03.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Lecocq M, Onesti C, Schroeder H, Rorive A, Goffin M, Gonne E, Sautois B, Catot A, Wera O, Nicolaers L, Collinge A, Collignon J, Freres P, Polus M, Duysinx B, Vaillant F, Gennigens C, Marchal N, Poncin A, Jerusalem G. 1712P Risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and outcome after infection: Experience from the day-care unit at CHU Liège in Belgium. Ann Oncol 2020. [PMCID: PMC7506494 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.1776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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13
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Pellegrini I, Sibille A, Paulus A, Vaillant F, Radermecker MA, Corhay JL, Louis R, Duysinx B. [How I manage... Malignant pleural mesothelioma in 2019]. Rev Med Liege 2019; 74:627-632. [PMID: 31833271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma is a rare disease originating from mesothelial cells of the pleura and is related to asbestos exposure. The tumor is generally extended at the time of diagnosis and the treatment consists of a systemic palliative therapy. Radical approach is limited to very selected patients and is performed in expert centers but without validated schema. Radiotherapy alone is mainly used in palliative intent. Platinum-based chemotherapy in association with pemetrexed is the frontline standard of care and provides a 12-month overall survival. The addition of bevacizumab, an antiangiogenic drug, shows an improvement in median survival. To date, there is no second-line treatment approved for this disease and therefore inclusion in trials is recommended. Currently, various studies are investigating target therapy, immunotherapy and intrapleural perioperative treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A Sibille
- Service de Pneumologie, CHU Liège, Belgique
| | - A Paulus
- Service de Pneumologie, CHU Liège, Belgique
| | - F Vaillant
- Service de Pneumologie, CHU Liège, Belgique
| | | | - J L Corhay
- Service de Pneumologie, CHU Liège, Belgique
| | - R Louis
- Service de Pneumologie, CHU Liège, Belgique
| | - B Duysinx
- Service de Chirurgie cardiovasculaire, CHU Liège, Belgique
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14
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Duysinx B, Heinen V, Corhay JL, Vaillant F, Gomez A, Louis R. [Medical thoracoscopy in respiratory medicine: The Liège University Hospital experience]. Rev Mal Respir 2019; 36:688-696. [PMID: 31030998 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2019.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The incidence of pleural disease continues to increase worldwide. Medical thoracoscopy remains the standard method for exploration of the pleural cavity. METHOD We report the retrospective evaluation, the efficacy and the observed complications in 1024 medical thoracoscopies undertaken in the University Hospital of Liège between 2000 and 2017. RESULTS In total, 100 pneumothoraces and 400 benign and 501 malignant pleural diseases were identified. The main indication for thoracoscopy remains the diagnosis of an exudative, lymphocytic pleural effusion of unknown aetiology after thoracocentesis. The diagnostic sensibility of thoracoscopy was 99.2% in distinguishing benign from malignant pleural disease. Talc pleurodesis was performed in 69.5% of the total population and in 66.1% of pleural effusions or thickening. Failure of pleurodesis was observed in 11% of the patients with recurrent pneumothorax and in 7.8% of neoplastic pleural effusion. We report a mortality of 0.6% in the 30 days post procedure, long duration of drainage in 8.3% and serious complications in 4.7%. In 22/1024 (2.1%) thoracoscopic evaluation was not feasible because of dense pleural fibrosis. CONCLUSION Medical thoracoscopy is a safe, well-tolerated procedure with high accuracy in the diagnostic and therapeutic management of pleural disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Duysinx
- Service de pneumologie, CHU de Sart-Tilman B35, B4000 Liège, Belgique.
| | - V Heinen
- Service de pneumologie, CHU de Sart-Tilman B35, B4000 Liège, Belgique
| | - J-L Corhay
- Service de pneumologie, CHU de Sart-Tilman B35, B4000 Liège, Belgique
| | - F Vaillant
- Service de pneumologie, CHU de Sart-Tilman B35, B4000 Liège, Belgique
| | - A Gomez
- Service de pneumologie, CHU de Sart-Tilman B35, B4000 Liège, Belgique
| | - R Louis
- Service de pneumologie, CHU de Sart-Tilman B35, B4000 Liège, Belgique
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15
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Merino D, Weber TS, Serrano A, Vaillant F, Liu K, Pal B, Di Stefano L, Schreuder J, Lin D, Chen Y, Asselin-Labat ML, Schumacher TN, Cameron D, Smyth GK, Papenfuss AT, Lindeman GJ, Visvader JE, Naik SH. Publisher Correction: Barcoding reveals complex clonal behavior in patient-derived xenografts of metastatic triple negative breast cancer. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1945. [PMID: 31019194 PMCID: PMC6482144 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09916-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- D Merino
- ACRF Stem Cells and Cancer Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia. .,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia. .,Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC, 3084, Australia. .,School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, 3086, Australia.
| | - T S Weber
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia.,Molecular Medicine Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - A Serrano
- ACRF Stem Cells and Cancer Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia.,Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC, 3084, Australia
| | - F Vaillant
- ACRF Stem Cells and Cancer Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - K Liu
- ACRF Stem Cells and Cancer Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - B Pal
- ACRF Stem Cells and Cancer Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - L Di Stefano
- Bioinformatics Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - J Schreuder
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia.,Molecular Medicine Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.,Immunology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - D Lin
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia.,Molecular Medicine Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.,Immunology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Y Chen
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia.,Bioinformatics Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - M L Asselin-Labat
- ACRF Stem Cells and Cancer Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - T N Schumacher
- Division of Molecular Oncology & Immunology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, 1066 CX, The Netherlands
| | - D Cameron
- Bioinformatics Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - G K Smyth
- Bioinformatics Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.,School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - A T Papenfuss
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia.,Bioinformatics Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.,School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia.,Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - G J Lindeman
- ACRF Stem Cells and Cancer Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Oncology, The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia.,Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia.,Parkville Familial Cancer Centre, The Royal Melbourne Hospital and Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Parkville, VIC, 3050, Australia
| | - J E Visvader
- ACRF Stem Cells and Cancer Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia. .,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia.
| | - S H Naik
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia. .,Molecular Medicine Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia. .,Immunology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
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Bessiere F, Zorgani A, Daunizeau L, Cao E, Vaillant F, Abell E, Quesson B, Catheline S, Chevalier P, Lafon C. High frame rate ultrasounds for electromechanical wave imaging to characterize and differentiate endocardial from epicardial activation of ventricular arrhythmia: A proof of concept study. Archives of Cardiovascular Diseases Supplements 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.acvdsp.2019.02.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Whittle JR, Vaillant F, Policheni AN, Liu K, Pal B, Giner G, Fernandez K, Gray DH, Caldon CE, Smyth GK, Visvader JE, Lindeman GJ. Abstract PD7-07: Synergistic targeting of CDK4/6 and BCL-2 pathways in estrogen receptor positive breast cancer. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-pd7-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Despite incremental advances in chemotherapy and endocrine therapy, survival outcomes for patients with ER-positive (ER+) metastatic breast cancer (MBC) remain poor. The majority of relapsing tumors exhibit deregulation of the cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 (CDK4/6)/cyclin D1 (CCND1)/Rb signaling pathway. CDK4/6 inhibitors (such as palbociclib) in combination with endocrine therapy have been shown to significantly improve progression free survival in patients who are in 1st or 2nd line relapse, although overall survival benefit has yet to be demonstrated. This may reflect their largely cytostatic mechanism of action, with minimal induction of tumor cell death. Thus, combinatorial strategies that also induce apoptosis could be beneficial. Notably, the pro-survival protein BCL-2 is overexpressed in the majority of ER+ tumors and the potent and specific BCL-2 inhibitor venetoclax (ABT-199) has been found to synergize with endocrine therapy in patient derived xenograft (PDX) models. Promising activity has also been observed in an early phase clinical trial. We therefore investigated dual targeting of the CDK4/6 and BCL-2 pathways in pre-clinical models of ER+ and BCL-2+ breast cancer.
Results: We first examined endocrine sensitive or resistant cell-lines and found that pro-survival BCL-2 proteins were upregulated in resistant cells. BCL-2 family protein levels were also found to be elevated in palbociclib resistant cells, suggesting that BCL-2 could represent a therapeutic target. We next determined whether venetoclax improved response to dual therapy comprising the selective estrogen receptor degrader fulvestrant and palbociclib. In clonogenic assays of endocrine sensitive breast cancer cell lines, triple therapy containing venetoclax significantly reduced the number and size of colonies, when compared to double therapy. The addition of venetoclax to fulvestrant/palbociclib also augmented cell death in tumor organoid models derived from either ER+ BCL-2+ primary tumors or PDX models. Moreover, triple therapy improved tumor response and overall survival in mice bearing ER+ BCL-2+ PDX tumors. Mechanistically, this was accompanied by increased apoptosis and reduced cellular proliferation (as determined by cleaved caspase-3 and Ki67 levels, respectively). As CDK4/6 inhibitors have recently been shown to promote anti-tumor immunity, we evaluated immune modulation using the ER+ 67NR cell line in a syngeneic (BALB/c) mouse mammary tumor model. Similar to the PDX models, triple therapy comprising fulvestrant, palbociclib and venetoclax was more effective than double therapy comprising either fulvestrant/palbociclib or fulvestrant/venetoclax. Flow cytometric analysis of tumors revealed that this was accompanied by a reduced intratumoral FOXP3+:cytotoxic CD8 T-cell ratio.
Conclusions: The addition of the BCL-2 inhibitor venetoclax to conventional therapy comprising endocrine therapy and a CDK4/6 inhibitor augments tumor response and elicits a favorable intratumoral immune profile. Collectively, these findings support investigation of combination therapy in the clinic for patients with ER+ BCL-2+ MBC.
Citation Format: Whittle JR, Vaillant F, Policheni AN, Liu K, Pal B, Giner G, Fernandez K, Gray DH, Caldon CE, Smyth GK, Visvader JE, Lindeman GJ. Synergistic targeting of CDK4/6 and BCL-2 pathways in estrogen receptor positive breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr PD7-07.
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Affiliation(s)
- JR Whittle
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia; The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia; The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - F Vaillant
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia; The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia; The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - AN Policheni
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia; The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia; The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - K Liu
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia; The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia; The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - B Pal
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia; The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia; The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - G Giner
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia; The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia; The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - K Fernandez
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia; The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia; The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - DH Gray
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia; The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia; The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - CE Caldon
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia; The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia; The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - GK Smyth
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia; The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia; The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - JE Visvader
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia; The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia; The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - GJ Lindeman
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia; The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia; The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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18
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Lindeman GJ, Lok SW, Whittle JR, Siow ZR, Bergin AR, Dawson SJ, Desai J, Gray DH, Liew D, Mann GB, Murugasu A, Roberts AW, Rosenthal MA, Shackleton K, Sherman P, Silva MJ, Teh C, Travers A, Vaillant F, Visvader JE. Abstract PD1-06: A phase 1b dose-escalation and expansion study of the BCL-2 inhibitor venetoclax combined with tamoxifen in ER and BCL-2–positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC). Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-pd1-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Venetoclax, a potent and selective inhibitor of the survival protein BCL-2 (recently approved in CLL and in development in other hematopoietic malignancies), has yet to be evaluated in pts with solid tumors. BCL-2 is overexpressed in ˜85% of ER+ breast cancer. Pre-clinical findings using patient-derived xenograft breast tumor models suggest that venetoclax synergizes with endocrine therapy by increasing apoptosis. Here we report mBEP, an investigator-initiated phase 1b study of venetoclax with tamoxifen in 33 pts with ER+ (>1%), BCL-2+ (>10%, 2-3+ intensity) and HER2– MBC.
Methods: We conducted a 3+3 dose escalation study comprising cohorts receiving venetoclax 200, 400, 600 or 800 mg/d with tamoxifen 20 mg/d (continued until progression). The primary endpoint was to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), define dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) and identify the recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D). In a dose expansion phase (at the RP2D), secondary endpoints including safety and tolerability, response at 24 wks (RECIST v1.1), clinical benefit rate (CBR) and progression-free survival (PFS) were studied.
Results: In the escalation phase (n=15 pts), treatment was well tolerated with no DLTs or high-grade (Gd 3/4) adverse events observed, apart from asymptomatic on-target lymphopenia (Gd 3, 2/15 pts). MTD was not reached. The 800 mg/d dose was selected as the RP2D and the cohort expanded to include 24 pts with ≥24 wks follow up (range 24-105 wks). Fifteen pts had received prior regimens for MBC (median 3, range 1-9) that included tamoxifen in 5/15.
For the RP2D cohort (n=24), overall responses (OR) included 1 CR (4%) and 12 PR (50%), with 5 SD (21%), corresponding to a CBR of 75%. The 9 pts treated in the first line setting experienced a 78% OR (7/9 pts) and 11% SD (1/9 pts), equating to an 89% CBR. The data are immature for determining median PFS for the RP2D cohort (currently 40+ wks).
Treatment responses were pre-empted by metabolic responses (FDG-PET) at 4 wks (seen in 13/16 (81%) pts studied), and correlated with serial changes in circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA). Intriguingly, responses and clinical benefit were observed in pts with plasma-detected ESR1 mutations (4/10 and 7/10, respectively).
The most common treatment-related AEs (CTCAE v4.0) for all pts were lymphopenia in 29/33 (88%; 57% Gd 1-2, 30% Gd 3-4), neutropenia in 24/33 (73%; 67% Gd 1-2, 6% Gd 3), nausea in 22/33 (67%; all ≤Gd 2), anemia in 13/33 (39%; 33% Gd 1-2, 6% G3), thrombocytopenia in 11/33 (33%; all ≤Gd 2), vomiting in 11/33 (33%, all ≤Gd 2), diarrhea in 10/33 (30%; 24% Gd 1-2, 6% Gd 3), infection in 9/33 (27%; 18% Gd 2, 9% Gd 3) and fatigue in 7/33 (21%; all ≤Gd 2). There was one possible treatment-related SAE (infection).
Conclusions: In the first clinical study to evaluate venetoclax in a solid tumor, we demonstrate that combining venetoclax with endocrine therapy has a tolerable safety profile and elicits remarkable activity in ER+ and BCL-2+ MBC. These findings support further investigation of combination therapy for patients with BCL-2-positive breast cancer.
Sponsor: The Royal Melbourne Hospital (ACTRN12615000702516)
Citation Format: Lindeman GJ, Lok SW, Whittle JR, Siow ZR, Bergin AR, Dawson S-J, Desai J, Gray DH, Liew D, Mann GB, Murugasu A, Roberts AW, Rosenthal MA, Shackleton K, Sherman P, Silva MJ, Teh C, Travers A, Vaillant F, Visvader JE. A phase 1b dose-escalation and expansion study of the BCL-2 inhibitor venetoclax combined with tamoxifen in ER and BCL-2–positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC) [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr PD1-06.
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Affiliation(s)
- GJ Lindeman
- The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia; The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - SW Lok
- The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia; The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - JR Whittle
- The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia; The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - ZR Siow
- The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia; The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - AR Bergin
- The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia; The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - S-J Dawson
- The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia; The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - J Desai
- The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia; The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - DH Gray
- The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia; The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - D Liew
- The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia; The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - GB Mann
- The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia; The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - A Murugasu
- The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia; The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - AW Roberts
- The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia; The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - MA Rosenthal
- The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia; The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - K Shackleton
- The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia; The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - P Sherman
- The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia; The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - MJ Silva
- The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia; The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - C Teh
- The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia; The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - A Travers
- The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia; The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - F Vaillant
- The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia; The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - JE Visvader
- The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia; The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
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Fu NY, Nolan E, Vaillant F, Joyce R, Lindeman G, Visvader J. Abstract IA02: Mapping stem and progenitor cells to decipher the origins of breast cancer. Mol Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1557-3125.advbc17-ia02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Breast cancer is a highly heterogeneous disease at both the molecular and pathologic levels. To understand this heterogeneity and the cells of origin of breast cancer, it is important to dissect the normal mammary epithelial hierarchy. Both transplantation and lineage tracing studies, a strategy for tracking stem and progenitor cell fate in situ, have been implemented to explore the contribution of stem and progenitor cells to postnatal mammary gland development and tissue homeostasis. The combination of lineage tracing with a novel three-dimensional imaging strategy, which enables visualization of large regions of intact tissue at cellular resolution, has provided insights into the normal differentiation hierarchy as well as potential cells of origin of breast cancer. In a further layer of investigation, we have applied single cell RNA-seq analysis to both mouse and human mammary tissue. This type of analysis has revealed unexpected heterogeneity among epithelial cells that reside in the normal mammary gland.
In the context of human tissue, the identification of cells of origin of cancer and deregulated genes/pathways in crucial target cell populations may enable earlier detection of malignancies and lead to preventive therapies for individuals at high risk of developing breast cancer. Towards this end, we recently showed that the RANK receptor marks a small subset of luminal progenitors and this subset is expanded in precancerous tissue from BRCA1 mutation carriers. In preclinical Brca1-deficient mouse models, inhibition of the RANK ligand (RANKL) prevented or delayed tumorigenesis. These data implicate blockade of the RANK-RANKL signaling axis as a promising breast cancer prevention strategy.
Citation Format: Nai Yang Fu, Emma Nolan, Francois Vaillant, Rachel Joyce, Geoffrey Lindeman, Jane Visvader. Mapping stem and progenitor cells to decipher the origins of breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Advances in Breast Cancer Research; 2017 Oct 7-10; Hollywood, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Res 2018;16(8_Suppl):Abstract nr IA02.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nai Yang Fu
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Emma Nolan
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Francois Vaillant
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Rachel Joyce
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Geoffrey Lindeman
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jane Visvader
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Fond G, Boyer L, Leboyer M, Godin O, Llorca PM, Andrianarisoa M, Berna F, Brunel L, Aouizerate B, Capdevielle D, Chereau I, D'Amato T, Dubertret C, Dubreucq J, Faget C, Gabayet F, Mallet J, Misdrahi D, Rey R, Lancon C, Passerieux C, Roux P, Vidailhet P, Yazbek H, Schürhoff F, Bulzacka E, Aouizerate B, Berna F, Blanc O, Brunel L, Bulzacka E, Capdevielle D, Chereau-Boudet I, Chesnoy-Servanin G, Danion J, D'Amato T, Deloge A, Delorme C, Denizot H, Dorey J, Dubertret C, Dubreucq J, Faget C, Fluttaz C, Fond G, Fonteneau S, Gabayet F, Giraud-Baro E, Hardy-Bayle M, Lacelle D, Lançon C, Laouamri H, Leboyer M, Le Gloahec T, Le Strat Y, Llorca, Mallet J, Metairie E, Misdrahi D, Offerlin-Meyer I, Passerieux C, Peri P, Pires S, Portalier C, Rey R, Roman C, Sebilleau M, Schandrin A, Schurhoff F, Tessier A, Tronche A, Urbach M, Vaillant F, Vehier A, Vidailhet P, Vilà E, Yazbek H, Zinetti-Bertschy A. Influence of Venus and Mars in the cognitive sky of schizophrenia. Results from the first-step national FACE-SZ cohort. Schizophr Res 2018; 195:357-365. [PMID: 28974404 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2017.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Sex differences can yield important clues regarding illness pathophysiology and its treatment. Schizophrenia (SZ) has a lower incidence rate, and a better prognosis, in women versus men. The present study investigated the cognitive profiles of both sexes in a large multi-centre sample of community-dwelling SZ patients. METHOD 544 community-dwelling stable SZ subjects (141 women and 403 men; mean age 34.5±12.1 and 31.6±8.7years, respectively) were tested with a comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tests. RESULTS Although community-dwelling SZ men had more risk factors for impaired cognition (including first-generation antipsychotics administration and comorbid addictive disorders), women had lower scores on a wide range of cognitive functions, including current and premorbid intellectual functioning, working memory, semantic memory, non-verbal abstract thinking and aspects of visual exploration. However, women scored higher in tests of processing speed and verbal learning, as well as having a lower verbal learning bias. No sex difference were evident for visuospatial learning abilities, cued verbal recall, sustained attention and tests of executive functions, including cognitive flexibility, verbal abstract thinking, verbal fluency and planning abilities. CONCLUSION Sex differences are evident in the cognitive profiles of SZ patients. The impact on daily functioning and prognosis, as well as longitudinal trajectory, should be further investigated in the FACE-SZ follow-up study. Sex differences in cognition have implications for precision-medicine determined therapeutic strategies. LIMITS Given the restricted age range of the sample, future research will have to determine cognitive profiles across gender in late onset SZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Fond
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.
| | - L Boyer
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Pôle Psychiatrie Universitaire, CHU Sainte-Marguerite, F-13274 Marseille cedex 09, France
| | - M Leboyer
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; INSERM U955, Créteil, France; Paris Est University, DHU Pe-PSY, Pôle de Psychiatrie des Hôpitaux Universitaires H Mondor, Créteil, France; Translational Psychiatry Team, Créteil, France
| | - O Godin
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 1136, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, F-75013 Paris, France; INSERM, UMR_S 1136, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - P M Llorca
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; CMP B, CHU, EA 7280 Faculté de Médecine, Université d'Auvergne, BP 69 63003 Clermont-Ferrand Cedex 1, France
| | - M Andrianarisoa
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; INSERM U955, Créteil, France; Paris Est University, DHU Pe-PSY, Pôle de Psychiatrie des Hôpitaux Universitaires H Mondor, Créteil, France; Translational Psychiatry Team, Créteil, France
| | - F Berna
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, INSERM U1114, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - L Brunel
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; INSERM U955, Créteil, France; Paris Est University, DHU Pe-PSY, Pôle de Psychiatrie des Hôpitaux Universitaires H Mondor, Créteil, France; Translational Psychiatry Team, Créteil, France
| | - B Aouizerate
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Centre Hospitalier Charles Perrens, Université de Bordeaux, F-33076 Bordeaux, France; Inserm, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U862, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - D Capdevielle
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Service Universitaire de Psychiatrie Adulte, Hôpital la Colombière, CHRU Montpellier, Université Montpellier 1, Inserm, 1061, Montpellier, France
| | - I Chereau
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; CMP B, CHU, EA 7280 Faculté de Médecine, Université d'Auvergne, BP 69 63003 Clermont-Ferrand Cedex 1, France
| | - T D'Amato
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier, Pole Est BP 300 39 - 95 bd Pinel, 69678 Bron Cedex, France
| | - C Dubertret
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; AP-HP, Department of Psychiatry, Louis Mourier Hospital, Colombes, Inserm U894, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, France
| | - J Dubreucq
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Centre Référent de Réhabilitation Psychosociale, CH Alpes Isère, Grenoble, France
| | - C Faget
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Pôle Universitaire de Psychiatrie, Marseille, France
| | - F Gabayet
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Centre Référent de Réhabilitation Psychosociale, CH Alpes Isère, Grenoble, France
| | - J Mallet
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; AP-HP, Department of Psychiatry, Louis Mourier Hospital, Colombes, Inserm U894, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, France
| | - D Misdrahi
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Centre Hospitalier Charles Perrens, Université de Bordeaux, F-33076 Bordeaux, France; CNRS UMR 5287-INCIA, France
| | - R Rey
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier, Pole Est BP 300 39 - 95 bd Pinel, 69678 Bron Cedex, France
| | - C Lancon
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Pôle Universitaire de Psychiatrie, Marseille, France
| | - C Passerieux
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Service de psychiatrie d'adulte, Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, UFR des Sciences de la Santé Simone Veil, Université Versailles Saint-Quentin en Yvelines, Versailles, France
| | - P Roux
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Service de psychiatrie d'adulte, Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, UFR des Sciences de la Santé Simone Veil, Université Versailles Saint-Quentin en Yvelines, Versailles, France
| | - P Vidailhet
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, INSERM U1114, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - H Yazbek
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Service Universitaire de Psychiatrie Adulte, Hôpital la Colombière, CHRU Montpellier, Université Montpellier 1, Inserm, 1061, Montpellier, France
| | - F Schürhoff
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; INSERM U955, Créteil, France; Paris Est University, DHU Pe-PSY, Pôle de Psychiatrie des Hôpitaux Universitaires H Mondor, Créteil, France; Translational Psychiatry Team, Créteil, France
| | - E Bulzacka
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; INSERM U955, Créteil, France; Paris Est University, DHU Pe-PSY, Pôle de Psychiatrie des Hôpitaux Universitaires H Mondor, Créteil, France; Translational Psychiatry Team, Créteil, France
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Fu NY, Rios A, Pal B, Law C, Jamieson P, Vaillant F, Smyth GK, Ritchie ME, Lindeman GJ, Visvader JE. Abstract 5024: Unmasking heterogeneity within the adult mammary stem cell compartment. Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2017-5024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Breast cancer is a highly heterogeneous disease at both the molecular and pathological levels. To understand this heterogeneity and ‘cells of origin’ of breast cancer, it is important to dissect the normal mammary epithelial hierarchy. Despite accumulating evidence for a mammary differentiation hierarchy, the basal compartment comprising stem cells remains poorly characterized. Through gene expression profiling of Lgr5+ versus Lgr5– basal epithelial cells, we identify a novel marker that led to the fractionation of three distinct mammary stem cell (MaSC) subsets in the adult gland. These exist in a largely quiescent state but differ in their repopulating ability, spatial localisation, and their molecular signatures. Interestingly, the dormant MaSC subset localises to the proximal region of the gland throughout life. These cells appear to originate from the embryonic mammary primordia before switching to a quiescent state post-natally but can be recruited into the cell cycle in response to hormones. Single cell gene expression analyses have also revealed unexpected complexity within the basal and luminal compartments. Moreover, analyses at different stages of development have provided insights into the earliest ‘lineage priming’ events.
Citation Format: Nai Yang Fu, Anne Rios, Bhupinder Pal, Charity Law, Paul Jamieson, Francois Vaillant, Gordon K. Smyth, Matthew E. Ritchie, Geoffrey J. Lindeman, Jane E. Visvader. Unmasking heterogeneity within the adult mammary stem cell compartment [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 5024. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-5024
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Affiliation(s)
- Nai Yang Fu
- Walter & Eliza Hall Inst. of Med. Research, Parkville, Australia
| | - Anne Rios
- Walter & Eliza Hall Inst. of Med. Research, Parkville, Australia
| | - Bhupinder Pal
- Walter & Eliza Hall Inst. of Med. Research, Parkville, Australia
| | - Charity Law
- Walter & Eliza Hall Inst. of Med. Research, Parkville, Australia
| | - Paul Jamieson
- Walter & Eliza Hall Inst. of Med. Research, Parkville, Australia
| | | | - Gordon K. Smyth
- Walter & Eliza Hall Inst. of Med. Research, Parkville, Australia
| | | | | | - Jane E. Visvader
- Walter & Eliza Hall Inst. of Med. Research, Parkville, Australia
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Dubes V, Magat J, Constantin M, Charron S, Ozenne V, Gilbert S, Vaillant F, Cros C, Dupuis S, Faye R, Pourtau L, Brette F, Chaigne S, Detaille D, Guo Y, Walton R, Diolez P, Desplantez T, Pascarel-Auclerc C, Pasdois P, Martinez M, Haissaguerre M, Hocini M, Coronel R, Quesson B, Bernus O, Benoist D. Specific tissue structure of the right ventricular outflow tract as a substrate for arrhythmias. Archives of Cardiovascular Diseases Supplements 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s1878-6480(17)30496-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Corrales C, Fliedel G, Perez A, Servent A, Prades A, Dornier M, Lomonte B, Vaillant F. Physicochemical characterization of jicaro seeds ( Crescentia alata H.B.K.): A novel protein and oleaginous seed. J Food Compost Anal 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2016.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Lindeman GJ, Nolan E, Vaillant F, Branstetter D, Pal B, Giner G, Whitehead L, Lok SW, Mann GB, kConFab C, Rohrbach K, Huang LY, Soriano R, Smyth GK, Dougall WC, Visvader JE. Abstract S2-04: RANK ligand as a target for breast cancer prevention in BRCA1 mutation carriers. Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs16-s2-04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: BRCA1 mutation carriers commonly undergo prophylactic mastectomy to reduce their risk of breast cancer. The precise role of chemoprevention with tamoxifen, which reduces the incidence of ER-positive breast cancer in the general population, is uncertain for BRCA1 mutation carriers, where uptake has been modest. The identification of an effective and acceptable prevention therapy therefore remains a 'holy grail' for the field. Precancerous BRCA1mut/+ tissue harbors an aberrant population of luminal progenitor cells and deregulated progesterone signaling has been implicated in BRCA1-associated oncogenesis. Since Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL) is a key paracrine effector of progesterone signaling, and RANKL and its receptor RANK contribute to mammary tumorigenesis, we investigated a role for this pathway in the preneoplastic phase of BRCA1 mutation carriers.
Methods: We explored a role for the RANK/RANKL pathway during the preneoplastic phase in freshly isolated (histologically normal) patient specimens from BRCA1 mutation carriers using several approaches. RANK and RANKL expression in breast cancer was evaluated in formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) archival sections by IHC from the kConFab and the Amgen Tissue Banks. All samples were obtained with patient consent and relevant IRB approval. A role for RANKL inhibition in attenuating tumor onset was studied using the MMTV-cre/Brca1fl/fl/p53+/– mouse model that recapitulates human basal-like breast cancer.
Results: We identified two subsets of luminal progenitors (RANK+ and RANK–) in histologically normal tissue of BRCA1 mutation carriers and found that RANK+ cells are highly proliferative, exhibit grossly aberrant DNA repair and bear a molecular signature similar to that of basal-like breast cancer. Moreover, high levels of RANK expression prevailed in established BRCA1-associated tumors. These data suggest that RANK+ and not RANK– progenitors are a key target population in these women. Notably, inhibition of RANKL signaling by denosumab in 3D breast organoids derived from pre-neoplastic BRCA1mut/+ tissue attenuated progesterone-induced proliferation. Furthermore, inhibition of RANKL with either the RANKL inhibitor OPG-Fc or a RANKL monoclonal antibody in a Brca1-deficient mouse model significantly curtailed mammary tumorigenesis, when compared to controls (p<0.001).
Conclusions: Together these findings identify a targetable pathway in a putative cell of origin population in BRCA1 mutation carriers and implicate RANKL blockade as a promising breast cancer prevention strategy.
Citation Format: Lindeman GJ, Nolan E, Vaillant F, Branstetter D, Pal B, Giner G, Whitehead L, Lok SW, Mann GB, kConFab Consortium, Rohrbach K, Huang L-Y, Soriano R, Smyth GK, Dougall WC, Visvader JE. RANK ligand as a target for breast cancer prevention in BRCA1 mutation carriers [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2016 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2016 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(4 Suppl):Abstract nr S2-04.
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Affiliation(s)
- GJ Lindeman
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Amgen Inc, CA; The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; kConFab, Australia; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - E Nolan
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Amgen Inc, CA; The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; kConFab, Australia; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - F Vaillant
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Amgen Inc, CA; The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; kConFab, Australia; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - D Branstetter
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Amgen Inc, CA; The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; kConFab, Australia; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - B Pal
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Amgen Inc, CA; The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; kConFab, Australia; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - G Giner
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Amgen Inc, CA; The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; kConFab, Australia; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - L Whitehead
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Amgen Inc, CA; The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; kConFab, Australia; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - SW Lok
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Amgen Inc, CA; The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; kConFab, Australia; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - GB Mann
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Amgen Inc, CA; The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; kConFab, Australia; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Consortium kConFab
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Amgen Inc, CA; The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; kConFab, Australia; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - K Rohrbach
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Amgen Inc, CA; The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; kConFab, Australia; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - L-Y Huang
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Amgen Inc, CA; The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; kConFab, Australia; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - R Soriano
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Amgen Inc, CA; The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; kConFab, Australia; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - GK Smyth
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Amgen Inc, CA; The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; kConFab, Australia; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - WC Dougall
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Amgen Inc, CA; The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; kConFab, Australia; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - JE Visvader
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Amgen Inc, CA; The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; kConFab, Australia; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Lindeman GJ, Nolan E, Pal B, Vaillant F, Giner G, Whitehead L, Mann GB, Lok SW, Shackleton K, Smyth GK, Visvader JE. Abstract P3-11-05: RANK ligand is a target for breast cancer prevention in BRCA1 mutation carriers. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs15-p3-11-05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: BRCA1 mutation carriers often undergo prophylactic mastectomy to minimize their risk of breast cancer. The value of targeting ovarian hormones to prevent breast tumorigenesis remains contentious and the identification of an effective and acceptable chemoprevention strategy remains a 'holy grail' for the field. Recently, luminal progenitor cells have been identified as the likely cell-of-origin for BRCA1-associated breast tumors1. In addition, deregulated progesterone signaling has been implicated as a potential mechanism underlying tumor development in Brca1-deficient mammary glands2, although its role in luminal progenitor activation in BRCA1 mutation carriers is unknown. RANKL (Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B Ligand) has been identified as a key paracrine effector of progesterone-induced mammary epithelial proliferation in both mouse and human tissue3-5. Notably, RANKL and its receptor RANK play a critical role in the development of breast cancer, with inhibition of RANKL resulting in attenuation of tumorigenesis in mouse models of hormone-driven mammary carcinogenesis6,7.
Methods: We explored a role for the RANK/RANKL pathway during the preneoplastic phase in freshly isolated, histologically normal specimens from BRCA1 mutation carriers using a combination of strategies. RANK and RANKL expression in breast cancer was also evaluated in formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) archival sections by IHC. All samples were obtained with relevant IRB approval. A role for RANKL inhibition in attenuating tumor onset was studied using models that recapitulate human basal-like cancer.
Results: A RANK+ subset of luminal progenitor cells was identified in histologically normal breast tissue from BRCA1-mutation carriers. The RANK+ luminal progenitors exhibited higher proliferative activity compared to RANK- progenitors. RNA profiling revealed a distinctive molecular signature, consistent with the RANK+ subset being a possible target for neoplastic transformation. In established BRCA1-associated breast tumors, a four-fold higher incidence of RANK expression was observed, compared to tumors from non-carriers. In ongoing work, histologically normal pre-neoplastic BRCA1mut/+ tissue is being studied using ex vivo breast organoid assays to determine whether RANKL inhibition can attenuate breast epithelial proliferation.
Conclusions: Our data raise the possibility that RANK signaling is implicated in the initiation of tumorigenesis in BRCA1 mutation carriers (and possibly other high risk women) and that RANKL is a promising chemoprevention target. The findings are of sufficient interest to have led to a clinical trial, BRCA-D (Registered as ACTRN12614000694617). A finalized abstract will be submitted in early September, during the Late-Breaking Abstract submission period.
References:
1. Lim et al Nature Med 2009: 15, 907-13.
2. Poole et al Science 2006: 314, 1467-70.
3. Asselin-Labat et al Nature 2010: 465, 798-802.
4. Joshi et al Nature 2010: 465, 803-7.
5. Tanos et al Sci Transl Med 2013: 5, 182ra55.
6. Schramek et al Nature 2010: 468, 98-102.
7. Gonzales-Suarez et al Nature 2010: 468, 103-7.
Citation Format: Lindeman GJ, Nolan E, Pal B, Vaillant F, Giner G, Whitehead L, Mann GB, Lok SW, Shackleton K, Kathleen Cuningham Foundation Consortium (kConFab), Smyth GK, Visvader JE. RANK ligand is a target for breast cancer prevention in BRCA1 mutation carriers. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-11-05.
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Affiliation(s)
- GJ Lindeman
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - E Nolan
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - B Pal
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - F Vaillant
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - G Giner
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - L Whitehead
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - GB Mann
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - SW Lok
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - K Shackleton
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - GK Smyth
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - JE Visvader
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Berna F, Misdrahi D, Boyer L, Aouizerate B, Brunel L, Capdevielle D, Chereau I, Danion JM, Dorey JM, Dubertret C, Dubreucq J, Faget C, Gabayet F, Lancon C, Mallet J, Rey R, Passerieux C, Schandrin A, Schurhoff F, Tronche AM, Urbach M, Vidailhet P, Llorca PM, Fond G, Berna F, Blanc O, Brunel L, Bulzacka E, Capdevielle D, Chereau-Boudet I, Chesnoy-Servanin G, Danion J, D'Amato T, Deloge A, Delorme C, Denizot H, De Pradier M, Dorey J, Dubertret C, Dubreucq J, Faget C, Fluttaz C, Fond G, Fonteneau S, Gabayet F, Giraud-Baro E, Hardy-Bayle M, Lacelle D, Lançon C, Laouamri H, Leboyer M, Le Gloahec T, Le Strat Y, Llorca P, Mallet J, Metairie E, Misdrahi D, Offerlin-Meyer I, Passerieux C, Peri P, Pires S, Portalier C, Rey R, Roman C, Sebilleau M, Schandrin A, Schurhoff F, Tessier A, Tronche A, Urbach M, Vaillant F, Vehier A, Vidailhet P, Vilain J, Vilà E, Yazbek H, Zinetti-Bertschy A. Akathisia: prevalence and risk factors in a community-dwelling sample of patients with schizophrenia. Results from the FACE-SZ dataset. Schizophr Res 2015; 169:255-261. [PMID: 26589388 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2015.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Revised: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of akathisia in a community-dwelling sample of patients with schizophrenia, and to determine the effects of treatments and the clinical variables associated with akathisia. 372 patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder were systematically included in the network of FondaMental Expert Center for Schizophrenia and assessed with validated scales. Akathisia was measured with the Barnes Akathisia Scale (BAS). Ongoing psychotropic treatment was recorded. The global prevalence of akathisia (as defined by a score of 2 or more on the global akathisia subscale of the BAS) in our sample was 18.5%. Patients who received antipsychotic polytherapy were at higher risk of akathisia and this result remained significant (adjusted odd ratio=2.04, p=.025) after controlling the influence of age, gender, level of education, level of psychotic symptoms, substance use comorbidities, current administration of antidepressant, anticholinergic drugs, benzodiazepines, and daily-administered antipsychotic dose. The combination of second-generation antipsychotics was associated with a 3-fold risk of akathisia compared to second-generation antipsychotics used in monotherapy. Our results indicate that antipsychotic polytherapy should be at best avoided and suggest that monotherapy should be recommended in cases of akathisia. Long-term administration of benzodiazepines or anticholinergic drugs does not seem to be advisable in cases of akathisia, given the potential side effects of these medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Berna
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, INSERM U1114, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
| | - D Misdrahi
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Centre Hospitalier Charles Perrens, F-33076 Bordeaux, France; Université de Bordeaux; CNRS UMR 5287-INCIA
| | - L Boyer
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Pôle psychiatrie universitaire, CHU Sainte-Marguerite, F-13274, Marseille cedex 09, France
| | - B Aouizerate
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Centre Hospitalier Charles Perrens, F-33076 Bordeaux, France; Université de Bordeaux; Inserm, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U862, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - L Brunel
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; INSERM U955, équipe de psychiatrie translationnelle, Créteil, France; Université Paris-Est Créteil, DHU Pe-PSY, Pôle de Psychiatrie des Hôpitaux Universitaires H Mondor, Créteil, France
| | - D Capdevielle
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Service Universitaire de Psychiatrie Adulte, Hôpital la Colombière, CHRU Montpellier, Université Montpellier 1, Inserm 1061, Montpellier, France
| | - I Chereau
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; CMP B, CHU, EA 7280 Faculté de Médecine, Université d'Auvergne, BP 69 63003 Clermont-Ferrand Cedex 1, France
| | - J M Danion
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, INSERM U1114, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - J M Dorey
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1/Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier Pole Est BP 300 39 - 95 bd Pinel - 69678 BRON Cedex, France
| | - C Dubertret
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; AP-HP, Department of Psychiatry, Louis Mourier Hospital, Colombes, Inserm U894, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de médecine, France
| | - J Dubreucq
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Centre Référent de Réhabilitation Psychosociale, CH Alpes Isère, Grenoble, France
| | - C Faget
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), pôle universitaire de psychiatrie, Marseille, France
| | - F Gabayet
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Centre Référent de Réhabilitation Psychosociale, CH Alpes Isère, Grenoble, France
| | - C Lancon
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), pôle universitaire de psychiatrie, Marseille, France
| | - J Mallet
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; AP-HP, Department of Psychiatry, Louis Mourier Hospital, Colombes, Inserm U894, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de médecine, France
| | - R Rey
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1/Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier Pole Est BP 300 39 - 95 bd Pinel - 69678 BRON Cedex, France
| | - C Passerieux
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Service de psychiatrie d'adulte, Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, UFR des Sciences de la Santé Simone Veil, Université Versailles Saint-Quentin en Yvelines, Versailles, France
| | - A Schandrin
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Service Universitaire de Psychiatrie Adulte, Hôpital la Colombière, CHRU Montpellier, Université Montpellier 1, Inserm 1061, Montpellier, France
| | - F Schurhoff
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; INSERM U955, équipe de psychiatrie translationnelle, Créteil, France; Université Paris-Est Créteil, DHU Pe-PSY, Pôle de Psychiatrie des Hôpitaux Universitaires H Mondor, Créteil, France
| | - A M Tronche
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; CMP B, CHU, EA 7280 Faculté de Médecine, Université d'Auvergne, BP 69 63003 Clermont-Ferrand Cedex 1, France
| | - M Urbach
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Service de psychiatrie d'adulte, Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, UFR des Sciences de la Santé Simone Veil, Université Versailles Saint-Quentin en Yvelines, Versailles, France
| | - P Vidailhet
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, INSERM U1114, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - P M Llorca
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; CMP B, CHU, EA 7280 Faculté de Médecine, Université d'Auvergne, BP 69 63003 Clermont-Ferrand Cedex 1, France
| | - G Fond
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; INSERM U955, équipe de psychiatrie translationnelle, Créteil, France; Université Paris-Est Créteil, DHU Pe-PSY, Pôle de Psychiatrie des Hôpitaux Universitaires H Mondor, Créteil, France
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Godin O, Leboyer M, Gaman A, Aouizerate B, Berna F, Brunel L, Capdevielle D, Chereau I, Dorey JM, Dubertret C, Dubreucq J, Faget C, Gabayet F, Le Strat Y, Llorca PM, Misdrahi D, Rey R, Richieri R, Passerieux C, Schandrin A, Schürhoff F, Urbach M, Vidalhet P, Girerd N, Fond G, Berna F, Blanc O, Brunel L, Bulzacka E, Capdevielle D, Chereau-Boudet I, Chesnoy-Servanin G, Danion J, D'Amato T, Deloge A, Delorme C, Denizot H, Depradier M, Dorey J, Dubertret C, Dubreucq J, Faget C, Fluttaz C, Fond G, Fonteneau S, Gabayet F, Giraud-Baro E, Hardy-Bayle M, Lacelle D, Lançon C, Laouamri H, Leboyer M, Le Gloahec T, Le Strat Y, Llorca P, Metairie E, Misdrahi D, Offerlin-Meyer I, Passerieux C, Peri P, Pires S, Portalier C, Rey R, Roman C, Sebilleau M, Schandrin A, Schürhoff F, Tessier A, Tronche A, Urbach M, Vaillant F, Vehier A, Vidailhet P, Vilà E, Yazbek H, Zinetti-Bertschy A. Metabolic syndrome, abdominal obesity and hyperuricemia in schizophrenia: Results from the FACE-SZ cohort. Schizophr Res 2015; 168:388-94. [PMID: 26255568 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2015.07.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2015] [Revised: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Abdominal obesity was suggested to be a better predictor than Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) for cardiovascular mortality, however this is has not been extensively studied in schizophrenia. Hyperuricemia (HU) was also suggested to be both an independent risk factor for greater somatic comorbidity and a global metabolic stress marker in patients with schizophrenia. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of MetS, abdominal obesity and HU, to examine the association between metabolic parameters with HU in a cohort of French patients with schizophrenia or schizo-affective disorder (SZ), and to estimate the prevalence rates of treatment of cardio-vascular risk factors. METHOD 240 SZ patients (age=31.4years, male gender 74.3%) were systematically included. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation and HU if serum uric acid level was above 360μmol/L. RESULTS MetS, abdominal obesity and HU were found respectively in 24.2%, 21.3% and 19.6% of patients. In terms of risk factors, multiple logistic regression showed that after taking into account the potential confounders, the risk for HU was higher in males (OR=5.9, IC95 [1.7-21.4]) and in subjects with high waist circumference (OR=3.1, IC95 [1.1-8.3]) or hypertriglyceridemia (OR=4.9, IC95 [1.9-13]). No association with hypertension, low HDL cholesterol or high fasting glucose was observed. Only 10% of patients with hypertension received a specific treatment, 18% for high fasting glucose and 8% for dyslipidemia. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of MetS, abdominal obesity and hyperuricemia is elevated in French patients with schizophrenia, all of which are considerably under-diagnosed and undertreated. HU is strongly associated with abdominal obesity but not with psychiatric symptomatology.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Godin
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 1136, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, F-75013 Paris, France; INSERM, UMR_S 1136, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - M Leboyer
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Pôle de Psychiatrie et d'addictologie des Hôpitaux Universitaires H Mondor, INSERM U955, Eq 15 Psychiatrie Génétique et psychopathologie, DHU Pe-PSY, Université Paris Est-Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - A Gaman
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
| | - B Aouizerate
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Centre Hospitalier Charles Perrens, F-33076 Bordeaux, France; Université de Bordeaux, France; Inserm, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U862, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - F Berna
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, INSERM U1114, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - L Brunel
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Pôle de Psychiatrie et d'addictologie des Hôpitaux Universitaires H Mondor, INSERM U955, Eq 15 Psychiatrie Génétique et psychopathologie, DHU Pe-PSY, Université Paris Est-Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - D Capdevielle
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Service Universitaire de Psychiatrie Adulte, Hôpital la Colombière, CHRU Montpellier, Université Montpellier 1, Inserm 1061, Montpellier, France
| | - I Chereau
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; CMP B, CHU, EA 7280 Faculté de Médecine, Université d'Auvergne, BP 69 63003 Clermont-Ferrand Cedex 1, France
| | - J M Dorey
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier, Pole Est BP 300 39-95 bd Pinel-69678 BRON Cedex, France
| | - C Dubertret
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; AP-HP, Department of Psychiatry, Louis Mourier Hospital, Colombes, Inserm U894, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de médecine, France
| | - J Dubreucq
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Centre Référent de Réhabilitation Psychosociale, CH Alpes Isère, Grenoble, France
| | - C Faget
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), pôle Universitaire de Psychiatrie, Marseille, France
| | - F Gabayet
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Centre Référent de Réhabilitation Psychosociale, CH Alpes Isère, Grenoble, France
| | - Y Le Strat
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; AP-HP, Department of Psychiatry, Louis Mourier Hospital, Colombes, Inserm U894, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de médecine, France
| | - P M Llorca
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; CMP B, CHU, EA 7280 Faculté de Médecine, Université d'Auvergne, BP 69 63003 Clermont-Ferrand Cedex 1, France
| | - D Misdrahi
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Centre Hospitalier Charles Perrens, F-33076 Bordeaux, France; Université de Bordeaux, France; CNRS UMR 5287-INCIA, France
| | - R Rey
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier, Pole Est BP 300 39-95 bd Pinel-69678 BRON Cedex, France
| | - R Richieri
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), pôle Universitaire de Psychiatrie, Marseille, France
| | - C Passerieux
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Service de psychiatrie d'adulte, Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, UFR des Sciences de la Santé Simone Veil, Université Versailles Saint-Quentin en Yvelines, Versailles, France
| | - A Schandrin
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Service Universitaire de Psychiatrie Adulte, Hôpital la Colombière, CHRU Montpellier, Université Montpellier 1, Inserm 1061, Montpellier, France
| | - F Schürhoff
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Pôle de Psychiatrie et d'addictologie des Hôpitaux Universitaires H Mondor, INSERM U955, Eq 15 Psychiatrie Génétique et psychopathologie, DHU Pe-PSY, Université Paris Est-Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - M Urbach
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Service de psychiatrie d'adulte, Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, UFR des Sciences de la Santé Simone Veil, Université Versailles Saint-Quentin en Yvelines, Versailles, France
| | - P Vidalhet
- Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, INSERM U1114, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - N Girerd
- Inserm, centre d'investigations cliniques 9501 & U1116, université de Lorraine, Institut Lorrain du cœur et des vaisseaux Louis-Mathieu, CHU de Nancy, 4, rue du Morvan, 54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - G Fond
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Pôle de Psychiatrie et d'addictologie des Hôpitaux Universitaires H Mondor, INSERM U955, Eq 15 Psychiatrie Génétique et psychopathologie, DHU Pe-PSY, Université Paris Est-Créteil, Créteil, France.
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Jodaitis L, Vaillant F, Snacken M, Boland B, Spinewine A, Dalleur O, Gilles C, Petrovic M, Pepersack T. Orthostatic hypotension and associated conditions in geriatric inpatients. Acta Clin Belg 2015; 70:251-8. [PMID: 26135806 DOI: 10.1179/2295333715y.0000000006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Screening of orthostatic hypotension (OH) was performed in 285 patients aged 75 years. Current drugs, reasons for admission, geriatric syndromes, and confounding medical conditions were collected. Patients with OH (n = 116, 41%) as compared to those without OH (n = 169) more frequently (P < 0.01) presented falls in the last 6 months (62 vs. 40%, P < 0.001), a fall as the reason for the current admission (49 vs. 26%, P < 0.001), feeling of fainting (20 vs. 6%, P = 0.002), syncope (29 vs. 4%, P < 0.001) or functional decline (71 vs. 47%, P = 0.012). No difference was observed between the two groups in terms of age (85 ± 5 vs. 84 ± 4 years), gender (59 vs. 50% female), common geriatric conditions (e.g. malnutrition 46 vs. 58%, dementia 22 vs. 26%), comorbidity or confounding conditions (dehydration 28 vs. 30%, sepsis 2 vs. 6%). No difference was detected in the use of drugs with psychotropic cardiovascular or diuretic effect, or in their associations. Orthostatic hypotension is frequent upon hospital admission and should be screened, particularly in geriatric fallers. This absence of relation between OH and drugs use suggests that non-pharmacological interventions should be first attempted in older inpatients with OH before deciding to reduce or withdraw useful drugs.
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Dussossoy E, Bony E, Michel A, Brat P, Vaillant F, Boudard F, Giaimis J. ANTI-OXIDATIVE AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECTS OF THE MORINDA CITRIFOLIA FRUIT (NONI). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.17660/actahortic.2014.1040.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Lindeman GJ, Visvader JE, Vaillant F, Mann GB, Soriano R, Branstetter D, Dougall WC. Abstract P5-03-02: Expression of RANK and RANK ligand (RANKL) in breast carcinoma and distinct breast epithelial cells from BRCA1 mutation carriers. Cancer Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs13-p5-03-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Breast tumors in BRCA1 mutation carriers likely arise from luminal progenitor (LP) cells, previously shown to exhibit aberrant growth properties. Oophorectomy, and possibly tamoxifen, reduce breast cancer risk in BRCA1 carriers, potentially via inhibition of paracrine mediated signaling to stem/progenitor cells. RANKL is a major paracrine effector of progesterone's mitogenic action in mammary epithelium via its receptor RANK, and has a role in ovarian hormone-dependent activation of stem cells. Here we assessed RANK and RANKL expression in breast tumors and normal breast epithelial subtypes from women with mutations of BRCA1 (mBRCA1) or BRCA2 (mBRCA2).
Methods: RANK and RANKL expression in breast cancer or normal breast tissue samples with mBRCA1, mBRCA2 or wildtype (WT) BRCA1/2 were analyzed in formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) sections by IHC. kConFab and The Royal Melbourne Hospital Tissue Bank provided the samples used in this analysis; these samples were obtained with relevant IRB approval. RANK expression on normal breast epithelial cells was measured by flow cytometry. Antibodies against human RANK (N-1H8, N-2B10; Amgen) and RANKL (M366; Amgen) were used in both assays. Incidence of IHC staining was scored as a positive IHC signal of any intensity. The overall expression was generated using the H scoring method which is calculated as the staining intensity of the tumor (0-3) multiplied by the percentage of positively staining cells.
Results: Breast tumors from women with mBRCA1 had a higher incidence of RANK expression (68/162; 42%) compared with mBRCA2 (17/113; 15%) or WT (34/314; 11%) and higher overall H score (21.3) compared with mBRCA2 (8.0) or WT (3.4); RANKL expression did not vary greatly between groups: mBRCA1 (13/135; 10%), mBRCA2 (5/114; 4%), WT (23/212; 11%). In normal breast tissue, LP (Lin−EpCAM+CD49f+) and basal/stem cells (Lin−EpCAM−CD49fhi) expressed RANK on their surface. Similar expression patterns were seen in these epithelial subtypes from each BRCA1/2 genotype. Stromal cells (Lin−EpCAM−CD49f−) had minimal RANK expression.
Conclusions: RANK expression intensity and incidence scores are both enriched approximately 4-fold in breast tumors from BRCA1 carriers compared with other genotypes. Also, RANK is normally expressed in breast LP cells as well as the basal/stem cell containing population. Ongoing studies will assess functional regulation of LP or mammary stem cell activity by RANKL and determine if the RANKL/RANK signaling pathway affects the aberrant growth characteristics of these cells from BRCA1 mutation carriers.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P5-03-02.
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Affiliation(s)
- GJ Lindeman
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Amgen Inc., Seattle, WA; Therapeutic Innovation Unit, Amgen Inc., Seattle, WA
| | - JE Visvader
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Amgen Inc., Seattle, WA; Therapeutic Innovation Unit, Amgen Inc., Seattle, WA
| | - F Vaillant
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Amgen Inc., Seattle, WA; Therapeutic Innovation Unit, Amgen Inc., Seattle, WA
| | - GB Mann
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Amgen Inc., Seattle, WA; Therapeutic Innovation Unit, Amgen Inc., Seattle, WA
| | - R Soriano
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Amgen Inc., Seattle, WA; Therapeutic Innovation Unit, Amgen Inc., Seattle, WA
| | - D Branstetter
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Amgen Inc., Seattle, WA; Therapeutic Innovation Unit, Amgen Inc., Seattle, WA
| | - WC Dougall
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Amgen Inc., Seattle, WA; Therapeutic Innovation Unit, Amgen Inc., Seattle, WA
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Lindeman GJ, Vaillant F, Merino D, Lee L, Breslin K, Pal B, Ritchie ME, Smyth GK, Christie M, Phillipson LJ, Burns CJ, Mann GB, Visvader JE. Abstract P2-09-01: Targeting BCL-2 with the BH3 mimetic ABT-199 in ER-positive breast cancer. Cancer Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs13-p2-09-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Impairment of apoptosis is a hallmark of cancer and can result in resistance to therapy. Over-expression of the pro-survival protein BCL-2 is common in breast cancer, with elevated levels found in approximately 85% of luminal tumors. Although BCL-2 has been shown to be an important prognostic marker, its role as a therapeutic target has yet to be fully explored. Small molecule inhibitors termed ‘BH3 mimetics’ that mimic the action of pro-apoptotic BH3-only proteins have recently been developed. These bind and neutralize BCL-2 pro-survival proteins. We have previously shown that the BH3 mimetic ABT-737 (which neutralizes BCL-2, BCL-XL and BCL-W) synergizes with docetaxel in BCL-2-positive patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models. Recently, a potent BCL-2-specific inhibitor, ABT-199, has been developed that is showing considerable promise in early phase studies of lymphoid malignancies. Since BCL-2 expression is prominent in the luminal B tumors, we sought to determine whether it might be feasible to target luminal B tumors with combination therapy comprising endocrine therapy (tamoxifen) and a BH3 mimetic (ABT-737 or ABT-199), using novel PDX models of luminal B breast cancer.
Methods and Results: A panel of 36 primary breast tumor xenografts (including 15 luminal tumors) was generated in immunocompromised (NOG) mice. Three BCL-2-positive luminal B models (23T, 315T, 50T), as determined by Ki-67 immunostaining and gene expression profiling, and a control BCL-2-positive, ER-negative model (838T) were selected for further study. Cohorts of mice bearing tumor xenografts were treated with either ABT-737 (50 mg/kg i.p. d1-10), tamoxifen or both agents in q21d cycles. Tumor response and overall survival were significantly improved by combination therapy in all three ER-positive xenograft models, when compared to tamoxifen alone (p<0.005). Despite abundant BCL-XL expression in tumors, similar efficacy was observed with the selective BCL-2 inhibitor ABT-199 (50 mg/kg o.g. d1-5 and 8-12 q21d) and tamoxifen (p<0.005), revealing that BCL-2 is a crucial target. Unexpectedly, both BH3 mimetics were found to counteract the side effect of tamoxifen-induced endometrial hyperplasia. In addition, we observed that BH3 mimetics synergized with dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitors in the induction of apoptosis. In the 315T model, where AKT was found to be activated, triple therapy with ABT-737, a PI3K/mTOR inhibitor (PKI-587) and tamoxifen further augmented tumor response in vivo, when compared to ABT-737 and tamoxifen (p<0.004).
Discussion: Patient derived xenograft models of luminal B breast cancer have been derived that recapitulate the phenotype of the primary tumor. Here we have demonstrated that concomitant targeting of BCL-2 confers marked benefit above tamoxifen alone. Moreover, synergy between BH3 mimetics and PI3K/mTOR inhibitors could be exploited by targeting of both survival pathways, a strategy that appeared both safe and effective. Collectively, our findings provide a rationale for clinical evaluation of BH3 mimetics in early phase studies in breast cancer. Here, BCL-2 protein or mRNA expression (as determined by immunohistochemistry or RT-PCR, respectively) could provide a suitable companion biomarker for patient selection.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P2-09-01.
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Affiliation(s)
- GJ Lindeman
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - F Vaillant
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - D Merino
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - L Lee
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - K Breslin
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - B Pal
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - ME Ritchie
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - GK Smyth
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - M Christie
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - LJ Phillipson
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - CJ Burns
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - GB Mann
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - JE Visvader
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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Best SA, Fu N, Vaillant F, Lindeman GJ, Visvader JE. Abstract A035: Role of the transcription factor Id4 in the developing mammary gland. Mol Cancer Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1158/1557-3125.advbc-a035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Transcription factors are essential for controlling cell fate decisions and differentiation during embryonic and adult development. Although transcription factors have been implicated in regulating development of the mammary gland, most of these have not been defined at a cellular level. Recent studies in the laboratory have identified the transcriptional regulator Inhibitor of Differentiation 4 (Id4) as a highly expressed gene in the mammary stem cell (MaSC)-enriched population of both mouse and human mammary glands. This population also contains progenitors and mature myoepithelial cells. Germ-line deletion of Id4 in mice has previously revealed a role for this gene in neuronal differentiation1, and more recently, as a regulator of mammary gland development through its suppression of p38MAPK2. Id4 has been identified as differentially regulated in breast cancers and plays a role in the negative regulation of BRCA13,4. We have developed a conditional knockout mouse model to investigate the function of Id4 specifically in the mammary epithelium. Id4 is expressed in myoepithelial cells of the terminal end buds and ducts, with expression reducing after puberty. Consistent with previous findings2, Id4-deficient mammary glands displayed a prominent reduction in ductal elongation and branching. We found that Id4-deficient mammary epithelial cells also have a diminished capacity to maintain the balance of luminal to myoepithelial cells, and that the MaSC/basal subset had significantly reduced repopulating capacity when assayed by transplantation. Understanding the mechanism and role of Id4 in the developing mammary gland may reveal important parallels with the role of Id4 in breast cancer.
1. Yun et al. Development, 2004. 131(21):5441-8
2. Dong et al. Development, 2011. 138(23):5247-56
3. Beger et al. PNAS, 2001. 98(1):130-5
4. Roldan et al. Cancer Biology and Therapy, 2006. 5(5):505-10
Citation Format: Sarah A. Best, NaiYang Fu, Francois Vaillant, Geoff J. Lindeman, Jane E. Visvader. Role of the transcription factor Id4 in the developing mammary gland. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Advances in Breast Cancer Research: Genetics, Biology, and Clinical Applications; Oct 3-6, 2013; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Res 2013;11(10 Suppl):Abstract nr A035.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A. Best
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia
| | - NaiYang Fu
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Francois Vaillant
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Geoff J. Lindeman
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jane E. Visvader
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia
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Dehina L, Vaillant F, Tabib A, Bui-Xuan B, Chevalier P, Dizerens N, Bui-Xuan C, Descotes J, Blanc-Guillemaud V, Lerond L, Timour Q. Trimetazidine demonstrated cardioprotective effects through mitochondrial pathway in a model of acute coronary ischemia. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2012; 386:205-15. [PMID: 23263451 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-012-0826-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2012] [Accepted: 12/10/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia affects mitochondrial function leading to ionic imbalance and susceptibility to ventricular fibrillation. Trimetazidine (TMZ), a metabolic agent, is clinically used as an anti-anginal therapy. This study was conducted to compare the effect of TMZ 20 mg immediate release (IR) and TMZ 35 mg modified release (MR), two bioequivalent marketed formulations of TMZ, on cardioprotection during acute ischemia in pigs. A 4-day oral treatment with TMZ 20 mg IR (800 mg, tid) or TMZ 35 mg MR (1,400 mg, bid) had no effect on ventricular fibrillation threshold (VFT) prior to ischemia but significantly prevented the decrease in VFT observed in placebo-treated groups after a 1-min left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion. This effect occurred without modifying cardiac hemodynamic and conduction parameters. In both TMZ-treated groups, a significant reduction of the ischemic area as well as a protection of cardiomyocytes were observed. Cardiac enzymatic activity (phosphorylase, succinate dehydrogenase, ATPase) was increased in TMZ-treated groups. Both formulations preserved mitochondrial structure and improved mitochondrial function as demonstrated by a twofold increase of oxidative phosphorylation, by a reduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production (>30 %) and by a trend to increase the mitochondrial calcium retention capacity. In this model of ischemia, both TMZ formulations, leading to equivalent TMZ plasma exposures, demonstrated similar cardioprotective effects. This protection could be attributed to a preservation of mitochondrial structure and function, which plays a central role in ATP and ROS production and consequently could be considered as a target of cardioprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Dehina
- EA4612 Neurocardiologie, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon1, 8 avenue Rockefeller, 69373, Lyon cedex 08, France
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Vaillant F, Vanden Bossche O, Boland B. Orthostatic hypotension and home medications in frail older persons. Eur Geriatr Med 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurger.2012.07.291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Oakes SR, Vaillant F, Lim E, Lee L, Breslin K, Feleppa F, Deb S, Ritchie ME, Takano E, Ward T, Fox SB, Generali D, Smyth GK, Strasser A, Huang DCS, Visvader JE, Lindeman GJ. Targeting BCL-2–expressing basal-like breast cancer with BH3-mimetics. Hered Cancer Clin Pract 2012. [PMCID: PMC3326698 DOI: 10.1186/1897-4287-10-s2-a25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Lindeman GJ, Oakes SR, Vaillant F, Lim E, Lee L, Breslin K, Feleppa F, Deb S, Ritchie ME, Takano E, Ward T, Fox SB, Generali D, Smyth GK, Strasser A, Huang DCS, Visvader JE. PD08-02: Targeting BCL-2 Expressing Breast Tumors with BH3-Mimetics – A New Class of Drugs in Breast Cancer? Cancer Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs11-pd08-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Impairment of apoptosis is a hallmark of cancer and can result in resistance to chemotherapy. Tumor resistance to apoptosis is frequently acquired through deregulated expression of BCL-2 family members or inactivation of the p53 tumor suppressor pathway. Over-expression of the pro-survival protein BCL-2 is common in breast cancer (where it is readily detected by immunostaining), and has been shown to be an important prognostic marker. A potential role for BCL-2 as a therapeutic target in breast cancer, however, has not been explored. Recently, small molecules termed ‘BH3-mimetics’ have been developed that mimic the action of pro-apoptotic BH3-only proteins. These bind and neutralize pro-survival proteins including BCL-2. Here we have derived a panel of primary breast tumor xenografts (that include basal-like breast tumors) to study the efficacy of the BH3-mimetic ABT-737 combined with docetaxel in targeting BCL-2-positive breast cancer.
Methods and Results: We first studied the expression of BCL-2, pro-survival family members BCL-XL and MCL-1, and the pro-apoptotic protein BIM in tissue microarrays of 197 primary breast tumors, which were subtyped on the basis of ER, PR, HER2, CK5/6 and EGFR expression. BCL-2 was overexpressed in luminal (83.3%), HER2−positive (50.0%), basal-like (18.5%) and ‘marker-null’ (41.4%) breast cancers. BCL-2-positive tumors generally co-expressed BCL-XL (96.2%), MCL-1 (94.7%) and BIM (93.5%). To determine whether the BH3-mimetic ABT-737 (which neutralizes BCL-2, BCL-XL and BCL-W) was effective in targeting BCL-2-expressing breast tumors, we generated a panel of 28 primary breast tumor xenografts in immunocompromised NOG mice. Five xenograft lines (838T, 24T, 315T, 13T and 806T) were selected for further analysis. Four were basal-like, and one (315T) was a luminal B tumor, as determined by gene profiling. Mice bearing tumor xenografts were treated with ABT-737 (50 mg/kg i.p. d1-10), docetaxel (10 mg/kg i.p. d1) or a combination in q21d cycles. Tumor response and overall survival were significantly improved by combination therapy, but only for tumors that expressed elevated levels of BCL-2. Treatment with ABT-737 alone was ineffective, suggesting that ABT-737 sensitized tumors to docetaxel. Combination therapy was accompanied by a marked increase in apoptosis and dissociation of BIM from BCL-2, indicating that a perturbation of BIM complexes may contribute to the activation of the apoptotic cascade. Notably, ABT-737 appeared effective in targeting BCL-2-expressing basal-like tumor xenografts (838T and 24T) harboring p53 mutations.
Discussion: Primary breast tumor xenograft models that recapitulate the phenotype of the primary tumor have been developed as useful ‘proof-of-principle', pre-clinical models. Here we provide the first in vivo evidence that BH3-mimetics can be used to sensitize primary BCL-2-expressing breast tumors to taxane chemotherapy. Our results suggest that elevated BCL-2 expression constitutes a predictive response marker in breast cancer. These findings provide a rationale for the development of clinical protocols using the oral analogue ABT-263 (navitoclax) as an adjunct to taxane chemotherapy in BCL-2-expressing basal-like and luminal breast cancer.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr PD08-02.
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Affiliation(s)
- GJ Lindeman
- 1The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Ospitalieri di Cremona, Cremona, Italy
| | - SR Oakes
- 1The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Ospitalieri di Cremona, Cremona, Italy
| | - F Vaillant
- 1The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Ospitalieri di Cremona, Cremona, Italy
| | - E Lim
- 1The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Ospitalieri di Cremona, Cremona, Italy
| | - L Lee
- 1The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Ospitalieri di Cremona, Cremona, Italy
| | - K Breslin
- 1The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Ospitalieri di Cremona, Cremona, Italy
| | - F Feleppa
- 1The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Ospitalieri di Cremona, Cremona, Italy
| | - S Deb
- 1The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Ospitalieri di Cremona, Cremona, Italy
| | - ME Ritchie
- 1The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Ospitalieri di Cremona, Cremona, Italy
| | - E Takano
- 1The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Ospitalieri di Cremona, Cremona, Italy
| | - T Ward
- 1The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Ospitalieri di Cremona, Cremona, Italy
| | - SB Fox
- 1The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Ospitalieri di Cremona, Cremona, Italy
| | - D Generali
- 1The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Ospitalieri di Cremona, Cremona, Italy
| | - GK Smyth
- 1The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Ospitalieri di Cremona, Cremona, Italy
| | - A Strasser
- 1The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Ospitalieri di Cremona, Cremona, Italy
| | - DCS Huang
- 1The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Ospitalieri di Cremona, Cremona, Italy
| | - JE Visvader
- 1The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Ospitalieri di Cremona, Cremona, Italy
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Ji H, Goode RJA, Vaillant F, Mathivanan S, Kapp EA, Mathias RA, Lindeman GJ, Visvader JE, Simpson RJ. Proteomic profiling of secretome and adherent plasma membranes from distinct mammary epithelial cell subpopulations. Proteomics 2011; 11:4029-39. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201100102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2011] [Revised: 07/07/2011] [Accepted: 07/29/2011] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Lindeman GJ, Asselin-Labat ML, Vaillant F, Sheridan JM, Pal B, Wu D, Simpson ER, Yasuda H, Smyth GK, Martin JT, Visvader JE. Abstract S5-6: Steroid Hormone Regulation of Mammary Stem Cell Function. Cancer Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs10-s5-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: The ovarian hormones estrogen and progesterone profoundly influence breast cancer risk, underpinning the benefit of endocrine therapies in the treatment of breast cancer. Modulation of their effects through ovarian ablation or chemoprevention strategies also significantly decreases breast cancer incidence. Conversely, there is an increased risk of breast cancer associated with pregnancy in the short-term. The cellular mechanisms underlying these observations, however, are poorly defined. We and others recently isolated mammary epithelial populations enriched for mammary stem cells (MaSCs), committed luminal progenitor and mature luminal cells from both mouse and human mammary glands. Unexpectedly, MaSCs exhibited a receptor-negative phenotype for ERα , PR and ErbB2. Given the central important of estrogen and progesterone signaling to mammary gland development and cancer, we sought to determine whether these hormones could indirectly modulate MaSC function. Methods and Results: We utilized mouse models to directly study the effects of steroid hormones on the in vivo repopulating ability of MaSCs. Ovariectomy markedly diminished MaSC number and the extent of ductal outgrowth in vivo. The relative contribution of estrogen and progesterone to the regulation of MaSC activity was next examined using hormone pellets or antagonists. MaSC activity increased in animals treated with both estrogen and progesterone. Remarkably, even three weeks of treatment with the aromatase inhibitor letrozole was sufficient to reduce the MaSC pool. The outgrowth potential of these cells was again affected, suggesting that MaSCs retain a ‘memory’ of estrogen deprivation, perhaps through perturbation of their cycling status. Indeed, cell cycle analysis revealed an increase in the percentage of MaSC-enriched cells in G0/G1 in ovariectomized glands compared to controls. This was accompanied by a profound reduction in the expression of cell cycle genes including Cyclin D1.
We further evaluated the effect of the hormonal environment on MaSC function during pregnancy, where progesterone (and prolactin) have prominent roles. Pregnancy led to a transient 11-fold increase in MaSC numbers. This was accompanied by marked elevation in the expression of the progesterone target gene RANK ligand in luminal cells, together with its receptor RANK in the MaSC-containing population. To determine whether MaSC activity is in part mediated through paracrine signals from RANK ligand, inhibitors of RANK signaling were evaluated. Treatment of virgin or pregnant mice with an anti-RANK ligand monoclonal antibody in vivo significantly impaired the clonogenic activity of the MaSC-enriched but not luminal subpopulation.
Discussion: Despite lacking the steroid hormone receptors ERα and PR, MaSCs appear to be exquisitely sensitive to hormone signaling, presumably via paracrine signaling that includes the RANK signaling pathway. The augmented MaSC pool during pregnancy suggests a cellular basis for the short-term increase in breast cancer incidence following pregnancy. Our findings further indicate that breast cancer chemoprevention may in part be achieved through suppression of MaSC function. We speculate that inhibitors of RANK and other stem cell signaling pathways could represent potential chemoprevention agents.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr S5-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- GJ Lindeman
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Prince Henry's Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Nagahama Institute for Biochemical Science, Nagahama, Shiga, Japan; St Vincent's Institute, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - M-L Asselin-Labat
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Prince Henry's Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Nagahama Institute for Biochemical Science, Nagahama, Shiga, Japan; St Vincent's Institute, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - F Vaillant
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Prince Henry's Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Nagahama Institute for Biochemical Science, Nagahama, Shiga, Japan; St Vincent's Institute, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - JM Sheridan
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Prince Henry's Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Nagahama Institute for Biochemical Science, Nagahama, Shiga, Japan; St Vincent's Institute, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - B Pal
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Prince Henry's Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Nagahama Institute for Biochemical Science, Nagahama, Shiga, Japan; St Vincent's Institute, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - D Wu
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Prince Henry's Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Nagahama Institute for Biochemical Science, Nagahama, Shiga, Japan; St Vincent's Institute, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - ER Simpson
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Prince Henry's Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Nagahama Institute for Biochemical Science, Nagahama, Shiga, Japan; St Vincent's Institute, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - H Yasuda
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Prince Henry's Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Nagahama Institute for Biochemical Science, Nagahama, Shiga, Japan; St Vincent's Institute, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - GK Smyth
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Prince Henry's Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Nagahama Institute for Biochemical Science, Nagahama, Shiga, Japan; St Vincent's Institute, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - JT Martin
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Prince Henry's Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Nagahama Institute for Biochemical Science, Nagahama, Shiga, Japan; St Vincent's Institute, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - JE. Visvader
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Prince Henry's Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Nagahama Institute for Biochemical Science, Nagahama, Shiga, Japan; St Vincent's Institute, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
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Lim E, Wu D, Pal B, Bouras T, Asselin-Labat ML, Vaillant F, Yagita H, Lindeman GJ, Smyth GK, Visvader JE. Abstract P4-04-03: Transcriptome Analyses of Mouse and Human Mammary Cell Subpopulations Reveals Multiple Conserved Genes and Pathways. Cancer Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs10-p4-04-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Molecular characterization of the normal epithelial cell types that reside in the mammary gland is an important step toward understanding pathways that regulate self-renewal, lineage commitment, and differentiation along the hierarchy. We previously reported distinct stages in human mammary epithelial cell development and linked them to breast tumor subtypes previously defined by gene expression profiling. Here we determined the gene expression signatures of four distinct subpopulations isolated from the mouse mammary gland. The epithelial cell signatures were used to interrogate mouse models of mammary tumorigenesis and to compare with their normal human counterpart subsets to identify conserved genes and networks.
METHODS: RNA was prepared from freshly sorted mouse mammary cell subpopulations (mammary stem cell (MaSC)-enriched, committed luminal progenitor, mature luminal and stromal cell) and used for gene expression profiling analysis on the Illumina platform. Gene signatures were derived and compared with those previously reported for the analogous normal human mammary cell subpopulations. The mouse and human epithelial subset signatures were then subjected to Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) to identify conserved pathways.
RESULTS: The four mouse mammary cell subpopulations exhibited distinct gene signatures. Comparison of these signatures with the molecular profiles of different mouse models of mammary tumorigenesis revealed that tumors arising in MMTV-Wnt-1 and p53-/- mice were enriched for MaSC-subset genes, whereas the gene profiles of MMTV-Neu and MMTV-PyMT tumors were most concordant with the luminal progenitor cell signature. Comparison of the mouse mammary epithelial cell signatures with their human counterparts revealed substantial conservation of genes, whereas IPA highlighted a number of conserved pathways in the three epithelial subsets.
CONCLUSIONS: The conservation of genes and pathways across species further validates the use of the mouse as a model to study mammary gland development and highlights pathways that are likely to govern cell-fate decisions and differentiation. It is noteworthy that many of the conserved genes in the MaSC population have been considered as epithelialmesenchymal transition (EMT) signature genes. Therefore, the expression of these genes in tumor cells may reflect basal epithelial cell characteristics and not necessarily cells that have undergone an EMT. Comparative analyses of normal mouse epithelial subsets with murine tumor models have implicated distinct cell types in contributing to tumorigenesis in the different models.
Figures available in online version.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-04-03.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Lim
- Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - D Wu
- Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - B Pal
- Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - T Bouras
- Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - M-L Asselin-Labat
- Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - F Vaillant
- Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - H Yagita
- Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - GJ Lindeman
- Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - GK Smyth
- Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - JE. Visvader
- Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Manati W, Vaillant F, Bost M, Maffre V, Belhani D, Descotes J, Tabib A, Bui-Xuan B, Hamdan L, Timour Q. Protective role of selenium supplementation against cardiac lesions induced by the combination of levomepromazine and risperidone in the rabbit. Hum Exp Toxicol 2009; 28:461-7. [DOI: 10.1177/0960327109106968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Neuroleptics are a suspected cause of sudden death in psychiatric patients, especially in those with pre-existing cardiac lesions. As these lesions were previously shown to be associated with selenium (Se) deficiency, the aim of the present study was to evidence the possible protective effect of Se supplementation against cardiac lesions induced by the combination of the neuroleptic drugs levomepromazine and risperidone in the rabbit. Two groups of 6 rabbits were treated with 3 mg/kg of levomepromazine daily intramuscularly combined with 1 mg/kg of risperidone intramuscularly every other week for 3 consecutive months, and one group additionally received a solution of sodium selenite (2 μg/kg/day) intramuscularly during the whole treatment period. Furthermore, one group of six untreated animals was given the Se supplementation and another group of six control animals received saline daily. Blood samples were drawn before and at the end of the treatment period for the measurement of serum Se levels. At the end of the study, all animals were sacrificed and their hearts were removed for the measurement of tissue Se concentrations. In addition, the hearts were prepared for histopathological examination. A variety of cardiac lesions was found in the neuroleptics-treated animals without supplementation and to a lesser extent in the control and Se-supplemented untreated animals. Importantly, only rare cardiac lesions were observed in neuroleptics-Se-treated animals. The most striking differences in Se concentrations were noted in the myocardium: as compared to controls, there was a 43% reduction in neuroleptics-treated, but non-Se-supplemented animals (p < .01), at the end of the treatment period, whereas only a 14% reduction (p < .05) was noted in the neuroleptics-Se-treated animals. These results confirm that neuroleptics induce cardiac lesions associated with Se deficiency. Selenium supplementation markedly decreased the incidence and severity of neuroleptics-induced cardiac lesions and these findings may serve as a basis for further evaluation of the protective role of Se supplementation in neuroleptics-treated patients. However, Se supplementation in normal animals without Se deficiency was also shown to be cardiotoxic.
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Affiliation(s)
- W. Manati
- Laboratory of Medical Pharmacology (Inserm ERI22), Claude Bernard University, Lyon, France
| | - F. Vaillant
- Laboratory of Medical Pharmacology (Inserm ERI22), Claude Bernard University, Lyon, France
| | - M. Bost
- Laboratory of Trace Element Analysis and Biochemistry, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Lyon, France, Trace Element Institute for UNESCO, Lyon, France
| | - V. Maffre
- Laboratory of Medical Pharmacology (Inserm ERI22), Claude Bernard University, Lyon, France
| | - D. Belhani
- Laboratory of Medical Pharmacology (Inserm ERI22), Claude Bernard University, Lyon, France
| | - J. Descotes
- Poison Center and Pharmacovigilance Department, Lyon University Hospitals, Lyon, France,
| | - A. Tabib
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, Lyon, France
| | - B. Bui-Xuan
- Laboratory of Medical Pharmacology (Inserm ERI22), Claude Bernard University, Lyon, France
| | - L. Hamdan
- Laboratory of Medical Pharmacology (Inserm ERI22), Claude Bernard University, Lyon, France
| | - Q. Timour
- Laboratory of Medical Pharmacology (Inserm ERI22), Claude Bernard University, Lyon, France, Poison Center and Pharmacovigilance Department, Lyon University Hospitals, Lyon, France
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Lim E, Vaillant F, Wu D, Forrest N, Pal B, Gyorki D, Smyth GK, Visvader J, Lindeman G. Investigation of human mammary stem and progenitor subpopulations from BRCA1 mutation carriers and noncarriers. J Clin Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
504 Background: We have previously isolated discrete populations of mouse mammary epithelial cells (MECs) and defined a population that expresses ‘basal’ markers and is highly enriched for mammary stem cells. This subset was ‘triple negative’ for ER, PR and ErbB2 expression and is reminiscent of the basal subtype of breast cancer, suggesting that the mammary stem cell may be the ‘cell of origin’ for this poor prognosis group. Since tumors arising in BRCA1 mutation carriers often exhibit a ‘basal’ phenotype, we hypothesized that the mammary stem cell pool is aberrant in these women. Our objective was to define the human MEC hierarchy and evaluate the functional characteristics of MECs from BRCA1± and normal breast tissue. Methods: Single cell suspensions prepared from fresh human BRCA1± and normal breast tissue were sorted by flow cytometry. Hematopoietic (CD45+, CD235a+) and endothelial (CD31+) cells were removed, and the remaining viable ‘lineage minus’ (Lin-) MECs fractionated based on cell surface markers. These subpopulations were evaluated by immunostaining, RNA profiling, in vitro culture in Matrigel and in vivo xenotransplantation into ‘humanised’ mammary fat pads of immunocompromised mice. Results: Lin- cells fractionated with α6-integrin (CD49f) and epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) revealed three discrete MEC subpopulations. A stem/progenitor population that preferentially yields breast outgrowths in vivo has been identified. These subpopulations gave rise in vitro to colonies that were either large and heterogenous or small and homogenous. Only the latter differentiated into milk-producing cells when exposed to lactogenic stimuli. Immunostaining confirmed their origins from myoepithelial and luminal progenitor cells respectively. Intriguingly, BRCA1± MECs exhibited perturbed in vitro growth properties when compared to normal controls. Conclusions: Our studies provide evidence for a human MEC hierarchy, a model to interrogate the perturbation noted in pre-neoplastic tissue derived from BRCA1 mutation carriers and the identification of the cell of transformation in BRCA1 associated breast cancer. These findings may have implications on developing prevention strategies for hereditary breast cancer. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Lim
- Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia
| | - F. Vaillant
- Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia
| | - D. Wu
- Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia
| | - N. Forrest
- Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia
| | - B. Pal
- Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia
| | - D. Gyorki
- Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia
| | - G. K. Smyth
- Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia
| | - J. Visvader
- Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia
| | - G. Lindeman
- Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia
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Asselin-Labat ML, Vaillant F, Shackleton M, Bouras T, Lindeman GJ, Visvader JE. Delineating the epithelial hierarchy in the mouse mammary gland. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 2008; 73:469-78. [PMID: 19022771 DOI: 10.1101/sqb.2008.73.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Reconstitution assays have shown that mouse mammary stem cells reside within the mature mammary gland in vivo. Single cells could be prospectively isolated and shown to regenerate an entire mammary gland that exhibited full developmental capacity. The more recent identification of luminal progenitor populations has indicated that the mammary epithelium is organized in a hierarchical manner. Further definition of epithelial cell types in both mouse and human mammary glands will provide insight into the "cells of origin" in the different subtypes of breast cancer, as well as the nature of cancer-propagating cells. Here, we review the known characteristics of mammary stem and progenitor cells, their steroid receptor status, and the pathways that have thus far been implicated in regulating their self-renewal and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M-L Asselin-Labat
- VBCRC Laboratory, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC 3050, Australia
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Vaillant F, Pérez A, Acosta O, Dornier M. Turbidity of pulpy fruit juice: A key factor for predicting cross-flow microfiltration performance. J Memb Sci 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2008.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Vaillant F, Turrel F, Bost M, Bricca G, Descotes J, Bui-Xuan B, Tabib A, Manati W, Timour Q. Role of selenium in heart lesions produced by neuroleptics in the rabbit. J Appl Toxicol 2008; 28:212-6. [PMID: 17631667 DOI: 10.1002/jat.1279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Organic and/or functional heart lesions sometimes resulting in sudden death have been described in psychiatric patients treated with neuroleptics. As selenium has been suggested previously to play a role in the development of such lesions, the present study was undertaken to determine whether a correlation could be found between heart lesions induced by neuroleptics and changes in blood selenium as well as myocardial tissue concentrations in the rabbit. Twelve NZW adult rabbits were treated intramuscularly with both levomepromazine (3 mg kg(-1) day(-1)) and risperidone (1 mg kg(-1) once every other week) for 3 months, and compared with 12 saline-treated controls. Blood samples were drawn before and at the end of the study. Tissue samples from the heart, liver and kidneys were obtained at the end of treatment, and the hearts were examined histologically. Heart lesions including disorganization of cardiac fibers, myolysis, interstitial and endocardial fibrosis, and necrosis were noted in treated animals, but not in controls. There was a 20% decrease in selenium blood levels and a 50% decrease in selenium myocardial tissue levels in treated animals compared with controls (P < 0.001). In contrast, no differences in selenium levels in liver and kidneys were found across the experimental groups. These results suggest a possible correlation between selenium depletion and neuroleptics-induced heart lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Vaillant
- Laboratory of Medical Pharmacology (INSERM ERI22), Claude Bernard University, Lyon, France
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Vaillant F, Tabib A, Chevalier P, Bui-Xan B, Timour Q. Heart rate reduction with ivabradine protects against ventricular fibrillation during acute ischemia in pigs. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2007.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Abstract
We have shown previously that Runx2 is a frequent target (approximately equal to 30%) for proviral insertion in murine leukemia virus (MLV) induced T cell tumors in CD2-MYC transgenic mice. Further investigation of a large panel of these tumors revealed that a small number also contain insertions at either Runx3 or Runx1. None of the tumors contained insertions at more than one family member, but in each case proviral insertion was associated with a high level of expression from the upstream (P1) promoter of the respective target gene. Moreover, we confirmed that transcriptional activation of Runx1 does not affect the integrity of the coding sequence, as previously observed for Runx2. These observations suggest that the three Runx genes act as functionally redundant oncogenes in T-cell lymphoma development. To explore the oncogenic potential of Runx2 further we created transgenic mice that over-express this gene in the T cell compartment. These CD2-Runx2 animals show a preneoplastic enlargement of the CD8 immature single positive (ISP) thymocyte pool and develop lymphomas at a low incidence. Although the CD8 ISP population is greatly increased, unlike their wild type counterparts these cells are largely non-cycling. Co-expression of c-MYC in this lineage accentuates the CD8 ISP skew and induces rapid tumor development, confirming the potent synergy that exists between these two oncogenes. Experiments designed to understand the nature of the observed synergy are ongoing and are based on the hypothesis that Runx2 may exert a survival effect in c-MYC expressing tumors in vivo while c-MYC may rescue cells from the antiproliferative effects of Runx2. The oncogenic potential of Runx1 is also being assessed using primary murine embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). These studies have revealed that while Runx1 exerts a growth suppressive effect in wild type cells a growth promoting effect is seen in the absence of p53, suggesting that the Runx genes may harbor latent oncogene-like properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewan R Cameron
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Institute of Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow Veterinary School, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK.
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Wotton S, Stewart M, Blyth K, Vaillant F, Kilbey A, Neil JC, Cameron ER. Proviral insertion indicates a dominant oncogenic role for Runx1/AML-1 in T-cell lymphoma. Cancer Res 2002; 62:7181-5. [PMID: 12499254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
The RUNX1/AML1 gene is a frequent target for chromosomal translocations in human leukemia. The biological properties of the resulting fusion products and the finding that haploinsufficiency increases the risk of developing leukemia (W-J. Song et al., Nat. Genet., 23: 166-175, 1999; M. Osata et al., Blood, 93: 1817-1824, 1999) have led to the widely held view that RUNX1 loss-of-function is a key event. However, we now report that the gene is a target for insertional mutagenesis in T-cell lymphomas of mice carrying a MYC oncogene, where promoter insertion results in overexpression without affecting the integrity of the coding sequence. Moreover, Runx1 haploinsufficiency does not accelerate lymphoma development in MYC/Runx2 transgenic or murine leukemia virus-infected mice. These findings reveal that the Runx1 gene can also act as a dominant oncogene and suggest that the involvement of the Runx gene family in human leukemia may be more widespread and complex than previously realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandy Wotton
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Institute of Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow Veterinary School, United Kingdom
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Grubb DR, Ly JD, Vaillant F, Johnson KL, Lawen A. Mitochondrial cytochrome c release is caspase-dependent and does not involve mitochondrial permeability transition in didemnin B-induced apoptosis. Oncogene 2001; 20:4085-94. [PMID: 11494136 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1204545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2001] [Revised: 04/11/2001] [Accepted: 04/11/2001] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Permeability transition, and a subsequent drop in mitochondrial membrane potential (DeltaPsi(m)), have been suggested to be mechanisms by which cytochrome c is released from the mitochondria into the cytosol during apoptosis. Furthermore, a drop in DeltaPsi(m) has been suggested to be an obligate early step in the apoptotic pathway. Didemnin B, a branched cyclic peptolide described to have immunosuppressive, anti-tumour, and anti-viral properties, induces rapid apoptosis in a range of mammalian cell lines. Induction of apoptosis by didemnin B in cultured human pro-myeloid HL-60 cells is the fastest and most complete ever described with all cells being apoptotic after 3 h of treatment. By utilizing the system of didemnin B-induced apoptosis in HL-60 cells, and the potent inhibitors of mitochondrial permeability transition, cyclosporin A and bongkrekic acid, we show that permeability transition as determined by changes in DeltaPsi(m) and mitochondrial Ca2+ fluxing, is not a requirement for apoptosis or cytochrome c release. In this system, changes in mitochondrial membrane potential and cytochrome c release are shown to be dependent on caspase activation, and to occur concurrently with the release of caspase-9 from mitochondria, genomic DNA fragmentation and apoptotic body formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Grubb
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia, 3800
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Vaillant F, Millan A, Dornier M, Decloux M, Reynes M. Strategy for economical optimisation of the clarification of pulpy fruit juices using crossflow microfiltration. J FOOD ENG 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0260-8774(00)00152-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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