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Rivet-Noor CR, Merchak AR, Render C, Gay NM, Beiter RM, Brown RM, Keeler A, Moreau GB, Li S, Olgun DG, Steigmeyer AD, Ofer R, Phan T, Vemuri K, Chen L, Mahoney KE, Shin JB, Malaker SA, Deppmann C, Verzi MP, Gaultier A. Stress-induced mucin 13 reductions drive intestinal microbiome shifts and despair behaviors. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 119:665-680. [PMID: 38579936 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Depression is a prevalent psychological condition with limited treatment options. While its etiology is multifactorial, both chronic stress and changes in microbiome composition are associated with disease pathology. Stress is known to induce microbiome dysbiosis, defined here as a change in microbial composition associated with a pathological condition. This state of dysbiosis is known to feedback on depressive symptoms. While studies have demonstrated that targeted restoration of the microbiome can alleviate depressive-like symptoms in mice, translating these findings to human patients has proven challenging due to the complexity of the human microbiome. As such, there is an urgent need to identify factors upstream of microbial dysbiosis. Here we investigate the role of mucin 13 as an upstream mediator of microbiome composition changes in the context of stress. Using a model of chronic stress, we show that the glycocalyx protein, mucin 13, is selectively reduced after psychological stress exposure. We further demonstrate that the reduction of Muc13 is mediated by the Hnf4 transcription factor family. Finally, we determine that deleting Muc13 is sufficient to drive microbiome shifts and despair behaviors. These findings shed light on the mechanisms behind stress-induced microbial changes and reveal a novel regulator of mucin 13 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney R Rivet-Noor
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
| | - Andrea R Merchak
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Caroline Render
- Undergraduate Department of Global Studies, University of Virginia College of Arts and Sciences, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - Naudia M Gay
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Rebecca M Beiter
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Ryan M Brown
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Austin Keeler
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia College of Arts and Sciences, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - G Brett Moreau
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Sihan Li
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Deniz G Olgun
- Undergraduate Department of Computer Science, University of Virginia School of Engineering and Applied Science, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA; Undergraduate Department of Neuroscience Studies, University of Virginia College of Arts and Sciences, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | | | - Rachel Ofer
- Department of Genetics, Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, Division of Environmental & Population Health Biosciences, EOHSI, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Tobey Phan
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Kiranmayi Vemuri
- Department of Genetics, Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, Division of Environmental & Population Health Biosciences, EOHSI, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Lei Chen
- School of Life Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Keira E Mahoney
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Jung-Bum Shin
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Stacy A Malaker
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Chris Deppmann
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia College of Arts and Sciences, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - Michael P Verzi
- Department of Genetics, Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, Division of Environmental & Population Health Biosciences, EOHSI, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Alban Gaultier
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
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Moreau GB, Naz F, Petri WA. Fecal microbiota transplantation stimulates type 2 and tolerogenic immune responses in a mouse model. Anaerobe 2024; 86:102841. [PMID: 38521227 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2024.102841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is the leading hospital-acquired infection in North America. While previous work on fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), a highly effective treatment for CDI, has focused on colonization resistance mounted against C. difficile by FMT-delivered commensals, the effects of FMT on host gene expression are relatively unexplored. This study aims to identify transcriptional changes associated with FMT, particularly changes associated with protective immune responses. METHODS Gene expression was assessed on day 2 and day 7 after FMT in mice after antibiotic-induced dysbiosis. Flow cytometry was also performed on colon and mesenteric lymph nodes at day 7 to investigate changes in immune cell populations. RESULTS FMT administration after antibiotic-induced dysbiosis successfully restored microbial alpha diversity to levels of donor mice by day 7 post-FMT. Bulk RNA sequencing of cecal tissue at day 2 identified immune genes, including both pro-inflammatory and Type 2 immune pathways as upregulated after FMT. RNA sequencing was repeated on day 7 post-FMT, and expression of these immune genes was decreased along with upregulation of genes associated with restoration of intestinal homeostasis. Immunoprofiling on day 7 identified increased colonic CD45+ immune cells that exhibited dampened Type 1 and heightened regulatory and Type 2 responses. These include an increased abundance of eosinophils, alternatively activated macrophages, Th2, and T regulatory cell populations. CONCLUSION These results highlight the impact of FMT on host gene expression, providing evidence that FMT restores intestinal homeostasis after antibiotic treatment and facilitates tolerogenic and Type 2 immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Brett Moreau
- Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Farha Naz
- Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - William A Petri
- Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
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Petri WAO, Hossain B, Kabir M, So HH, Moreau GB, Nayak U, Ma JZ, Noor Z, Faruque ASG, Alum M, Haque R, Petri WA, Gilchrist CA. Children develop Immunity to cryptosporidiosis in a high transmission intensity area. medRxiv 2023:2023.06.28.23292000. [PMID: 37425942 PMCID: PMC10327267 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.28.23292000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Background Cryptosporidium is one of the top causes of diarrhea in Bangladesh infants. Cryptosporidium infections lead to the production of antibody immune responses, which were associated with a decrease in parasite burden and decreased disease severity in subsequent infections. Methods We conducted a longitudinal study of cryptosporidiosis from birth to five years of age in an urban slum of Dhaka Bangladesh. We then retrospectively tested the concentration of anti-Cryptosporidium Cp17 or Cp23 IgA in surveillance stool samples collected from 54 children during their first 3 years of life by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We also assessed the concentration of both IgA and IgG antibodies specific to Cryptosporidium Cp17 and Cp23 in the concentration of anti-Cryptosporidium Cp17 or Cp23 IgA and IgG antibodies in the children's plasma (1- 5 years). Results The seroprevalence of both anti- Cp23 and Cp17 antibodies was high at ≤ one year of age and reflected the exposure of these children in this community to cryptosporidiosis. In Bangladesh, the prevalence of cryptosporidiosis is high during the rainy season (June to October) but decreases during the dry season. In younger infants' plasma anti-Cp17 and Cp23 IgG and anti-Cp17 IgA levels were markedly increased during the rainy season in line with the higher initial exposure to the parasite at this time. Both anti-Cp17, anti-Cp23 fecal IgA and the parasite burden declined during repeat infections. Conclusions We found that anti-Cryptosporidium plasma and fecal antibody levels in children could contribute to the decrease in new infections in this study population.
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Affiliation(s)
- William A. O. Petri
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Biplop Hossain
- International Centre for Diarrheal Diseases Research, Bangladesh
| | - Mamun Kabir
- International Centre for Diarrheal Diseases Research, Bangladesh
| | - Hannah H So
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - G. Brett Moreau
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Uma Nayak
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Jennie Z Ma
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Zannthan Noor
- International Centre for Diarrheal Diseases Research, Bangladesh
| | - ASG Faruque
- International Centre for Diarrheal Diseases Research, Bangladesh
| | - Masud Alum
- International Centre for Diarrheal Diseases Research, Bangladesh
| | - Rashidul Haque
- International Centre for Diarrheal Diseases Research, Bangladesh
| | - William A Petri
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Carol A Gilchrist
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
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Sasson J, Moreau GB, Petri WA. The role of interleukin 13 and the type 2 immune pathway in COVID-19: A review. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2023; 130:727-732. [PMID: 36924937 PMCID: PMC10014128 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2023.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Although much has been learned about severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 since December 2019, uneven global vaccine distribution, rapid viral spread, and variant evasion of preventative measures have led to its persistence in the population for the foreseeable future. Additional therapies are needed to support patients through their acute, immune-mediated disease process that continues to lead to considerable morbidity and mortality. Data revealing the involvement of type 2 immune pathway in acute coronavirus disease 2019 and post-recovery conditions represent a potential additional area for intervention. Herein, we review the current understanding of interleukin 13 in acute severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, the clinical outcomes associated with type 2 immune processes, and the impact of type 2 blockade on acute and long-term coronavirus disease 2019 conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Sasson
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - G Brett Moreau
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - William A Petri
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia; Department of Pathology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia.
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Donlan AN, Sutherland TE, Marie C, Preissner S, Bradley BT, Carpenter RM, Sturek JM, Ma JZ, Moreau GB, Donowitz JR, Buck GA, Serrano MG, Burgess SL, Abhyankar MM, Mura C, Bourne PE, Preissner R, Young MK, Lyons GR, Loomba JJ, Ratcliffe SJ, Poulter MD, Mathers AJ, Day AJ, Mann BJ, Allen JE, Petri WA. IL-13 is a driver of COVID-19 severity. JCI Insight 2021; 6:150107. [PMID: 34185704 PMCID: PMC8410056 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.150107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune dysregulation is characteristic of the more severe stages of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Understanding the mechanisms by which the immune system contributes to COVID-19 severity may open new avenues to treatment. Here, we report that elevated IL-13 was associated with the need for mechanical ventilation in 2 independent patient cohorts. In addition, patients who acquired COVID-19 while prescribed Dupilumab, a mAb that blocks IL-13 and IL-4 signaling, had less severe disease. In SARS-CoV-2-infected mice, IL-13 neutralization reduced death and disease severity without affecting viral load, demonstrating an immunopathogenic role for this cytokine. Following anti-IL-13 treatment in infected mice, hyaluronan synthase 1 (Has1) was the most downregulated gene, and accumulation of the hyaluronan (HA) polysaccharide was decreased in the lung. In patients with COVID-19, HA was increased in the lungs and plasma. Blockade of the HA receptor, CD44, reduced mortality in infected mice, supporting the importance of HA as a pathogenic mediator. Finally, HA was directly induced in the lungs of mice by administration of IL-13, indicating a new role for IL-13 in lung disease. Understanding the role of IL-13 and HA has important implications for therapy of COVID-19 and, potentially, other pulmonary diseases. IL-13 levels were elevated in patients with severe COVID-19. In a mouse model of the disease, IL-13 neutralization reduced the disease and decreased lung HA deposition. Administration of IL-13-induced HA in the lung. Blockade of the HA receptor CD44 prevented mortality, highlighting a potentially novel mechanism for IL-13-mediated HA synthesis in pulmonary pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra N. Donlan
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine and
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Tara E. Sutherland
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Chelsea Marie
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine and
| | - Saskia Preissner
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Benjamin T. Bradley
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Rebecca M. Carpenter
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine and
| | - Jeffrey M. Sturek
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine and
| | - Jennie Z. Ma
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - G. Brett Moreau
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine and
| | - Jeffrey R. Donowitz
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine and
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Children’s Hospital of Richmond and
| | - Gregory A. Buck
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Myrna G. Serrano
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Stacey L. Burgess
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine and
| | - Mayuresh M. Abhyankar
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine and
| | - Cameron Mura
- School of Data Science and Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Philip E. Bourne
- School of Data Science and Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Robert Preissner
- Science-IT and Institute of Physiology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mary K. Young
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine and
| | - Genevieve R. Lyons
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | | | - Sarah J. Ratcliffe
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Melinda D. Poulter
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Amy J. Mathers
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine and
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Anthony J. Day
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Barbara J. Mann
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine and
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Judith E. Allen
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - William A. Petri
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine and
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
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McCowin SE, Moreau GB, Haque R, Noble JA, McDevitt SL, Donowitz JR, Alam MM, Kirkpatrick BD, Petri WA, Marie C. HLA class I and II associations with common enteric pathogens in the first year of life. EBioMedicine 2021; 67:103346. [PMID: 33910121 PMCID: PMC8093888 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND genetic susceptibility to infection is mediated by numerous host factors, including the highly diverse, classical human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes, which are critical genetic determinants of immunity. We systematically evaluated the effect of HLA alleles and haplotypes on susceptibility to 12 common enteric infections in children during the first year of life in an urban slum of Dhaka, Bangladesh. METHODS a birth cohort of 601 Bangladeshi infants was prospectively monitored for diarrhoeal disease. Each diarrhoeal stool sample was analyzed for enteric pathogens by multiplex TaqMan Array Card (TAC). High resolution genotyping of HLA class I (A and B) and II (DRB1, DQA1, and DQB1) genes was performed by next-generation sequencing. We compared the frequency of HLA alleles and haplotypes between infected and uninfected children. FINDINGS we identified six individual allele associations and one five-locus haplotype association. One allele was associated with protection: A*24:02 - EAEC. Five alleles were associated with increased risk: A*24:17 - typical EPEC, B*15:01 - astrovirus, B*38:02 - astrovirus, B*38:02 - Cryptosporidium and DQA1*01:01 - Cryptosporidium. A single five-locus haplotype was associated with protection: A*11:01~B*15:02~DRB1*12:02~DQA1*06:01~DQB1*03:01- adenovirus 40/41. INTERPRETATION our findings suggest a role for HLA in susceptibility to early enteric infection for five pathogens. Understanding the genetic contribution of HLA in susceptibility has important implications in vaccine design and understanding regional differences in incidence of enteric infection. FUNDING this research was supported by the National Institute of Health (NIH) and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayo E. McCowin
- Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - G. Brett Moreau
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Diseases and Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Rashidul Haque
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Diseases and Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Janelle A. Noble
- Department of Paediatrics, UCSF School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Shana L. McDevitt
- Innovative Genomics Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey R. Donowitz
- Children's Hospital of Richmond at Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Md Masud Alam
- Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Beth D. Kirkpatrick
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - William A. Petri
- Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Chelsea Marie
- Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA.,Corresponding author.
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7
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Donlan AN, Sutherland TE, Marie C, Preissner S, Bradley BT, Carpenter RM, Sturek JM, Ma JZ, Moreau GB, Donowitz JR, Buck GA, Serrano MG, Burgess SL, Abhyankar MM, Mura C, Bourne PE, Preissner R, Young MK, Lyons GR, Loomba JJ, Ratcliffe SJ, Poulter MD, Mathers AJ, Day A, Mann BJ, Allen JE, Petri WA. IL-13 is a driver of COVID-19 severity. medRxiv 2021:2020.06.18.20134353. [PMID: 33688686 PMCID: PMC7941663 DOI: 10.1101/2020.06.18.20134353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Immune dysregulation is characteristic of the more severe stages of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Understanding the mechanisms by which the immune system contributes to COVID-19 severity may open new avenues to treatment. Here we report that elevated interleukin-13 (IL-13) was associated with the need for mechanical ventilation in two independent patient cohorts. In addition, patients who acquired COVID-19 while prescribed Dupilumab had less severe disease. In SARS-CoV-2 infected mice, IL-13 neutralization reduced death and disease severity without affecting viral load, demonstrating an immunopathogenic role for this cytokine. Following anti-IL-13 treatment in infected mice, in the lung, hyaluronan synthase 1 (Has1) was the most downregulated gene and hyaluronan accumulation was decreased. Blockade of the hyaluronan receptor, CD44, reduced mortality in infected mice, supporting the importance of hyaluronan as a pathogenic mediator, and indicating a new role for IL-13 in lung disease. Understanding the role of IL-13 and hyaluronan has important implications for therapy of COVID-19 and potentially other pulmonary diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra N. Donlan
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville VA 22908 USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville VA 22908 USA
| | - Tara E. Sutherland
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Chelsea Marie
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville VA 22908 USA
| | - Saskia Preissner
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ben T. Bradley
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle WA 98109 USA
| | - Rebecca M. Carpenter
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville VA 22908 USA
| | - Jeffrey M. Sturek
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville VA 22908 USA
| | - Jennie Z. Ma
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville VA 22908 USA
| | - G. Brett Moreau
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville VA 22908 USA
| | - Jeffrey R. Donowitz
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville VA 22908 USA
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Children’s Hospital of Richmond, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond VA 23298 USA
| | - Gregory A. Buck
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond VA 23298 USA
| | - Myrna G. Serrano
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond VA 23298 USA
| | - Stacey L. Burgess
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville VA 22908 USA
| | - Mayuresh M. Abhyankar
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville VA 22908 USA
| | - Cameron Mura
- School of Data Science and Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904
| | - Philip E. Bourne
- School of Data Science and Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904
| | - Robert Preissner
- Science-IT and Institute of Physiology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Philippstrasse 12, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Mary K. Young
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville VA 22908 USA
| | - Genevieve R. Lyons
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville VA 22908 USA
| | - Johanna J. Loomba
- Integrated Translational Health Research Institute (iTHRIV), University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville VA 22908 USA
| | - Sarah J Ratcliffe
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville VA 22908 USA
| | - Melinda D. Poulter
- Department of Pathology University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville VA 22908 USA
| | - Amy J. Mathers
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville VA 22908 USA
- Department of Pathology University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville VA 22908 USA
| | - Anthony Day
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - Barbara J. Mann
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville VA 22908 USA
| | - Judith E. Allen
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - William A. Petri
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville VA 22908 USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville VA 22908 USA
- Department of Pathology University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville VA 22908 USA
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8
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Burgess SL, Leslie JL, Uddin J, Oakland DN, Gilchrist C, Moreau GB, Watanabe K, Saleh M, Simpson M, Thompson BA, Auble DT, Turner SD, Giallourou N, Swann J, Pu Z, Ma JZ, Haque R, Petri WA. Gut microbiome communication with bone marrow regulates susceptibility to amebiasis. J Clin Invest 2020; 130:4019-4024. [PMID: 32369444 PMCID: PMC7410058 DOI: 10.1172/jci133605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The microbiome provides resistance to infection. However, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. We demonstrate that colonization with the intestinal bacterium Clostridium scindens protects from Entamoeba histolytica colitis via innate immunity. Introduction of C. scindens into the gut microbiota epigenetically altered and expanded bone marrow granulocyte-monocyte progenitors (GMPs) and resulted in increased intestinal neutrophils with subsequent challenge with E. histolytica. Introduction of C. scindens alone was sufficient to expand GMPs in gnotobiotic mice. Adoptive transfer of bone marrow from C. scindens-colonized mice into naive mice protected against amebic colitis and increased intestinal neutrophils. Children without E. histolytica diarrhea also had a higher abundance of Lachnoclostridia. Lachnoclostridia C. scindens can metabolize the bile salt cholate, so we measured deoxycholate and discovered that it was increased in the sera of C. scindens-colonized specific pathogen-free and gnotobiotic mice, as well as in children protected from amebiasis. Administration of deoxycholate alone increased GMPs and provided protection from amebiasis. We elucidated a mechanism by which C. scindens and the microbially metabolized bile salt deoxycholic acid alter hematopoietic precursors and provide innate protection from later infection with E. histolytica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacey L. Burgess
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Jhansi L. Leslie
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Jashim Uddin
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - David N. Oakland
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Carol Gilchrist
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - G. Brett Moreau
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Koji Watanabe
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
- AIDS Clinical Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mahmoud Saleh
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Morgan Simpson
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Brandon A. Thompson
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | | | - Stephen D. Turner
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Natasa Giallourou
- Division of Integrative Systems Medicine and Digestive Diseases, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Swann
- Division of Integrative Systems Medicine and Digestive Diseases, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Zhen Pu
- Department of Statistics and
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Jennie Z. Ma
- Department of Statistics and
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Rashidul Haque
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Diseases Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - William A. Petri
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
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Porfirio S, Archer-Hartmann S, Moreau GB, Ramakrishnan G, Haque R, Kirkpatrick BD, Petri WA, Azadi P. New strategies for profiling and characterization of human milk oligosaccharides. Glycobiology 2020; 30:774-786. [PMID: 32248230 PMCID: PMC7526734 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwaa028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Human breast milk is an incredibly rich and complex biofluid composed of proteins, lipids and complex carbohydrates, including a diverse repertoire of free human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs). Strikingly, HMOs are not digested by the infant but function as prebiotics for bacterial strains associated with numerous benefits. Considering the broad variety of beneficial effects of HMOs, and the vast number of factors that affect breast milk composition, the analysis of HMO diversity and complexity is of utmost relevance. Using human milk samples from a cohort of Bangladeshi mothers participating in a study on malnutrition and stunting in children, we have characterized breast milk oligosaccharide composition by means of permethylation followed by liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis. This approach identified over 100 different glycoforms and showed a wide diversity of milk composition, with a predominance of fucosylated and sialylated HMOs over nonmodified HMOs. We observed that these samples contain on average 80 HMOs, with the highest permethylated masses detected being >5000 mass units. Here we report an easily implemented method developed for the separation, characterization and relative quantitation of large arrays of HMOs, including higher molecular weight sialylated HMOs. Our ultimate goal is to create a simple, high-throughput method, which can be used for full characterization of sialylated and/or fucosylated HMOs. These results demonstrate how current analytical techniques can be applied to characterize human milk composition, providing new tools to help the scientific community shed new light on the impact of HMOs during infant development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Porfirio
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | | | - G Brett Moreau
- Department of Medicine/Infectious Diseases, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Girija Ramakrishnan
- Department of Medicine/Infectious Diseases, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Rashidul Haque
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Beth D Kirkpatrick
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05401, USA
| | - William A Petri
- Department of Medicine/Infectious Diseases, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Parastoo Azadi
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
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10
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Moreau GB, Ramakrishnan G, Cook HL, Fox TE, Nayak U, Ma JZ, Colgate ER, Kirkpatrick BD, Haque R, Petri WA. Childhood growth and neurocognition are associated with distinct sets of metabolites. EBioMedicine 2019; 44:597-606. [PMID: 31133540 PMCID: PMC6604877 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Undernutrition is a serious global problem that contributes to increased child morbidity and mortality, impaired neurocognitive development, and decreased educational and economic attainment. Current interventions are only marginally effective, and identification of associated metabolic pathways can offer new strategies for intervention. Methods Plasma samples were collected at 9 and 36 months from a subset of the PROVIDE child cohort (n = 130). Targeted metabolomics was performed on bile acids, acylcarnitines, amino acids, phosphatidylcholines, and sphingomyelins. Metabolic associations with linear growth and neurocognitive outcomes at four years were evaluated using correlation and penalized-linear regression analysis as well as conditional random forest modeling. Findings Different metabolites were associated with growth and neurocognitive outcomes. Improved growth outcomes were associated with higher concentrations of hydroxy-sphingomyelin and essential amino acids and lower levels of acylcarnitines and bile acid conjugation. Neurocognitive scores were largely associated with phosphatidylcholine species and early metabolic indicators of inflammation. All metabolites identified explain ~45% of growth and neurocognitive variation. Interpretation Growth outcomes were predominantly associated with metabolites measured early in life (9 months), many of which were biomarkers of insufficient diet, environmental enteric dysfunction, and microbiome disruption. Hydroxy-sphingomyelin was a significant predictor of improved growth. Neurocognitive outcome was predominantly associated with 36 month phosphatidylcholines and inflammatory metabolites, which may serve as important biomarkers of optimal neurodevelopment. The distinct sets of metabolites associated with growth and neurocognition suggest that intervention may require targeted approaches towards distinct metabolic pathways. Fund Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (OP1173478); National Institutes of Health (AI043596, CA044579).
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Affiliation(s)
- G Brett Moreau
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Girija Ramakrishnan
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Heather L Cook
- Department of Statistics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Todd E Fox
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Uma Nayak
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Jennie Z Ma
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - E Ross Colgate
- Vaccine Testing Center, Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Beth D Kirkpatrick
- Vaccine Testing Center, Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Rashidul Haque
- International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - William A Petri
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
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11
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Qin A, Zhang Y, Clark ME, Moore EA, Rabideau MM, Moreau GB, Mann BJ. Components of the type six secretion system are substrates of Francisella tularensis Schu S4 DsbA-like FipB protein. Virulence 2016; 7:882-894. [PMID: 27028889 PMCID: PMC5160417 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2016.1168550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
FipB, an essential virulence factor in the highly virulent Schu S4 strain of F. tularensis subsp. tularensis, shares sequence similarity with Disulfide Bond formation (Dsb) proteins, which can have oxidoreductase, isomerase, or chaperone activity. To further explore FipB's role in virulence potential substrates were identified by co-purification and 2D gel electrophoresis, followed by protein sequencing using mass spectrometry. A total of 119 potential substrates were identified. Proteins with predicted enzymatic activity were prevalent, and there were 19 proteins that had been previously identified as impacting virulence. Among the potential substrates were IglC, IglB, and PdpB, three components of the Francisella Type Six Secretion System (T6SS), which is also essential for virulence. T6SS are widespread in Gram-negative pathogens, but have not been reported to be dependent on Dsb-like proteins for assembly or function. The presented results suggest that FipB affects IglB and IglC substrates differently. In a fipB mutant there were differences in free sulfhydryl accessibility of IglC, but not IglB, when compared to wild-type bacteria. However, for both proteins FipB appears to act as a chaperone that facilitates proper folding and conformation. Understanding the role FipB plays the assembly and structure in this T6SS may reveal critical aspects of assembly that are common and novel among this widely distributed class of secretion systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiping Qin
- a Department of Medicine , Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Virginia , Charlottesville , VA , USA
| | - Yan Zhang
- a Department of Medicine , Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Virginia , Charlottesville , VA , USA
| | - Melinda E Clark
- a Department of Medicine , Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Virginia , Charlottesville , VA , USA
| | - Emily A Moore
- a Department of Medicine , Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Virginia , Charlottesville , VA , USA
| | - Meaghan M Rabideau
- a Department of Medicine , Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Virginia , Charlottesville , VA , USA
| | - G Brett Moreau
- a Department of Medicine , Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Virginia , Charlottesville , VA , USA
| | - Barbara J Mann
- a Department of Medicine , Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Virginia , Charlottesville , VA , USA
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12
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Abstract
Francisella tularensis is a highly virulent bacterial pathogen that is easily aerosolized and has a low infectious dose. As an intracellular pathogen, entry of Francisella into host cells is critical for its survival and virulence. However, the initial steps of attachment and internalization of Francisella into host cells are not well characterized, and little is known about bacterial factors that promote these processes. This review highlights our current understanding of Francisella attachment and internalization into host cells. In particular, we emphasize the host cell types Francisella has been shown to interact with, as well as specific receptors and signaling processes involved in the internalization process. This review will shed light on gaps in our current understanding and future areas of investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Brett Moreau
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology; University of Virginia; Charlottesville, VA USA
| | - Barbara J Mann
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology; University of Virginia; Charlottesville, VA USA; Department of Medicine; Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health; University of Virginia; Charlottesville, VA USA
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