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Singh MK, Zago G, Veith I, Camonis J, Coppey M, Parrini MC. Autophagy Is Polarized toward Cell Front during Migration and Spatially Perturbed by Oncogenic Ras. Cells 2021; 10:cells10102637. [PMID: 34685617 PMCID: PMC8534269 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a physiological degradation process that removes unnecessary or dysfunctional components of cells. It is important for normal cellular homeostasis and as a response to a variety of stresses, such as nutrient deprivation. Defects in autophagy have been linked to numerous human diseases, including cancers. Cancer cells require autophagy to migrate and to invade. Here, we study the intracellular topology of this interplay between autophagy and cell migration by an interdisciplinary live imaging approach which combines micro-patterning techniques and an autophagy reporter (RFP-GFP-LC3) to monitor over time, during directed migration, the back–front spatial distribution of LC3-positive compartments (autophagosomes and autolysosomes). Moreover, by exploiting a genetically controlled cell model, we assessed the impact of transformation by the Ras oncogene, one of the most frequently mutated genes in human cancers, which is known to increase both cell motility and basal autophagy. Static cells displayed an isotropic distribution of autophagy LC3-positive compartments. Directed migration globally increased autophagy and polarized both autophagosomes and autolysosomes at the front of the nucleus of migrating cells. In Ras-transformed cells, the front polarization of LC3 compartments was much less organized, spatially and temporally, as compared to normal cells. This might be a consequence of altered lysosome positioning. In conclusion, this work reveals that autophagy organelles are polarized toward the cell front during migration and that their spatial-temporal dynamics are altered in motile cancer cells that express an oncogenic Ras protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Kumar Singh
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, 75005 Paris, France; (M.K.S.); (G.Z.); (I.V.); (J.C.); (M.C.)
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U830, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Giulia Zago
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, 75005 Paris, France; (M.K.S.); (G.Z.); (I.V.); (J.C.); (M.C.)
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U830, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Irina Veith
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, 75005 Paris, France; (M.K.S.); (G.Z.); (I.V.); (J.C.); (M.C.)
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U830, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Jacques Camonis
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, 75005 Paris, France; (M.K.S.); (G.Z.); (I.V.); (J.C.); (M.C.)
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U830, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Mathieu Coppey
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, 75005 Paris, France; (M.K.S.); (G.Z.); (I.V.); (J.C.); (M.C.)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR168, Sorbonne University, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Maria Carla Parrini
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, 75005 Paris, France; (M.K.S.); (G.Z.); (I.V.); (J.C.); (M.C.)
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U830, 75005 Paris, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-(0)-156-246-643
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2
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Chow A, Schad S, Green MD, Hellmann MD, Allaj V, Ceglia N, Zago G, Shah NS, Sharma SK, Mattar M, Chan J, Rizvi H, Zhong H, Liu C, Bykov Y, Zamarin D, Shi H, Budhu S, Wohlhieter C, Uddin F, Gupta A, Khodos I, Waninger JJ, Qin A, Markowitz GJ, Mittal V, Balachandran V, Durham JN, Le DT, Zou W, Shah SP, McPherson A, Panageas K, Lewis JS, Perry JSA, de Stanchina E, Sen T, Poirier JT, Wolchok JD, Rudin CM, Merghoub T. Tim-4 + cavity-resident macrophages impair anti-tumor CD8 + T cell immunity. Cancer Cell 2021; 39:973-988.e9. [PMID: 34115989 PMCID: PMC9115604 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2021.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has been a remarkable clinical advance for cancer; however, the majority of patients do not respond to ICB therapy. We show that metastatic disease in the pleural and peritoneal cavities is associated with poor clinical outcomes after ICB therapy. Cavity-resident macrophages express high levels of Tim-4, a receptor for phosphatidylserine (PS), and this is associated with reduced numbers of CD8+ T cells with tumor-reactive features in pleural effusions and peritoneal ascites from patients with cancer. We mechanistically demonstrate that viable and cytotoxic anti-tumor CD8+ T cells upregulate PS and this renders them susceptible to sequestration away from tumor targets and proliferation suppression by Tim-4+ macrophages. Tim-4 blockade abrogates this sequestration and proliferation suppression and enhances anti-tumor efficacy in models of anti-PD-1 therapy and adoptive T cell therapy in mice. Thus, Tim-4+ cavity-resident macrophages limit the efficacy of immunotherapies in these microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Chow
- Ludwig Collaborative and Swim Across America Laboratory, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sara Schad
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael D Green
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center and Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System, MI, USA
| | - Matthew D Hellmann
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA; Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Viola Allaj
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nicholas Ceglia
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Giulia Zago
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nisargbhai S Shah
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sai Kiran Sharma
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marissa Mattar
- Antitumor Assessment Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joseph Chan
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hira Rizvi
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hong Zhong
- Ludwig Collaborative and Swim Across America Laboratory, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Cailian Liu
- Ludwig Collaborative and Swim Across America Laboratory, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yonina Bykov
- Ludwig Collaborative and Swim Across America Laboratory, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dmitriy Zamarin
- Ludwig Collaborative and Swim Across America Laboratory, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hongyu Shi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sadna Budhu
- Ludwig Collaborative and Swim Across America Laboratory, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Fathema Uddin
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aditi Gupta
- Ludwig Collaborative and Swim Across America Laboratory, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Inna Khodos
- Antitumor Assessment Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jessica J Waninger
- Department of Medical Education, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Angel Qin
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Vivek Mittal
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Vinod Balachandran
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Hepatopancreatobiliary Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jennifer N Durham
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Dung T Le
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Weiping Zou
- Departments of Surgery and Pathology, Center of Excellence for Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sohrab P Shah
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrew McPherson
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Katherine Panageas
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jason S Lewis
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA; Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Justin S A Perry
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elisa de Stanchina
- Antitumor Assessment Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Triparna Sen
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA; Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - John T Poirier
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jedd D Wolchok
- Ludwig Collaborative and Swim Across America Laboratory, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA; Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Charles M Rudin
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA; Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Taha Merghoub
- Ludwig Collaborative and Swim Across America Laboratory, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA; Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
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3
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Zago G, Saavedra PHV, Keshari KR, Perry JSA. Immunometabolism of Tissue-Resident Macrophages - An Appraisal of the Current Knowledge and Cutting-Edge Methods and Technologies. Front Immunol 2021; 12:665782. [PMID: 34025667 PMCID: PMC8138590 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.665782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue-resident macrophages exist in unique environments, or niches, that inform their identity and function. There is an emerging body of literature suggesting that the qualities of this environment, such as the types of cells and debris they eat, the intercellular interactions they form, and the length of time spent in residence, collectively what we call habitare, directly inform their metabolic state. In turn, a tissue-resident macrophage’s metabolic state can inform their function, including whether they resolve inflammation and protect the host from excessive perturbations of homeostasis. In this review, we summarize recent work that seeks to understand the metabolic requirements for tissue-resident macrophage identity and maintenance, for how they respond to inflammatory challenges, and for how they perform homeostatic functions or resolve inflammatory insults. We end with a discussion of the emerging technologies that are enabling, or will enable, in situ study of tissue-resident macrophage metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Zago
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Pedro H V Saavedra
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Kayvan R Keshari
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States.,Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Justin S A Perry
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States.,Louis V. Gerstner Jr. Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States
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4
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Favero V, Zago G, Zanotti G, Zarantonello M, Cocilovo F, Poscolere A, Modena N, Bacci C, De Santis D, Favero L. Laser lingual frenectomy: basal eutonia achievement by natural homeostatis. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2020; 34:77-87. [PMID: 33541067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The aim of present study is a macro evaluation of adjustment to allow homeostasis before and after frenectomy. Macro analysis was done on 7 pediatric patients tested firstly simple surface elettromyography (EMG) to evaluate masticatory muscles, secondly the Romberg's test to assess the posture and thirdly cephalometric analysis according to Giannì and Rocabado to assess orthodontic variations. The frenectomy was performed with diode laser (wavelength 890 nm). Pre-frenectomy EMG outcomes indicate a clear masticatory muscular imbalance with a different electrical activity compared to physiological standard values and functional basal balance. Results after frenectomy EMG show a normalization of basal values with an improvement of mandibular posture. Depending on cephalometric analysis, outcomes reveal a tendency to normalize the cervical lordosis, previously altered. Ultimately, pre-frenectomy Romberg's test shows initial instability in the static posture, which decreases after frenectomy. In conclusion, the short lingual fraenum not only has static correlations with the oral cavity but also dynamic connections with the cervical posture and muscular basal organization. So, homeostasis includes macro alterations involving muscular tone and bone position. Frenectomy could favor the restoration of the basal eutonia achieved by a natural homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Favero
- University of Verona-Surgical Science, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics Department, Verona, Italy
| | - G Zago
- Private practitioner in Padua, Italy
| | - G Zanotti
- Private practitioner in Verona, Italy
| | | | - F Cocilovo
- University of Padua, Neuroscience Department, Padua, Italy
| | - A Poscolere
- University of Verona-Surgical Science, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics Department, Verona, Italy
| | - N Modena
- University of Verona-Surgical Science, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics Department, Verona, Italy
| | - C Bacci
- University of Padua, Neuroscience Department, Padua, Italy
| | - D De Santis
- University of Verona-Surgical Science, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics Department, Verona, Italy
| | - L Favero
- University of Padua, Neuroscience Department, Padua, Italy
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5
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Favero V, Zanotti G, Franchi L, Zago G, Zarantonello M, Winkler A, Sivolella S, De Santis D, Favero L. Interceptive use of pendulum for advance resolution of class II patient: a guided eruption plan to reduce stress on permanent teeth root. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2020; 34:21-36. [PMID: 33541062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Use of the so-called distalizing mechanics is a common treatment to correct class II malocclusion. One of the first appliances made for molar distalization was the pendulum, which resulted immediately efficient. The knowledge of pendulum efficacy, in regards to distalizing treatment in adolescence, has guided the research to analyze pendulum effect in childhood: checking the pre-eruptive, natural and distal movement of upper second premolar following first upper molar distalization in order to obtain an advance resolution on Angle's Class II patient, limited treatment time, reduced periodontal inflammation and stress on permanent teeth root. A pilot study testing the possibility of a prospective study was necessary on 6 patients treated following an accurate protocol (6 months and 1-year Rx control) and 6 patient control after one year. Statistical analysis by T-Test was done. Oral hygiene controls every month were done. Second upper bicuspid vertical (1.6mm) and sagittal (2.5mm) movement mean values allow to emphasize a distal variation of tooth axis inclination of treatment group than control group, and a second upper bicuspid distal departure from "gubernaculus dentis" of second deciduous molar in treated patients. Periodontal inflammation appears inexistent on second and first upper premolar germs after the comparison between RX exam of treatment and control groups because of exploiting deciduous teeth. Besides periodontal inflammation and teeth root stress on first upper molar of treatment group, after RX analysis, results were limited compared to control groups because of the advanced orthodontic interceptive treatment during a previous stage of first upper molar root development.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Favero
- University of Verona-Surgical Science, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics Department, Verona, Italy
| | | | - L Franchi
- University of Florence-Clinical and Experimental Medicine Department, Florence, Italy
| | - G Zago
- Free practitioner in Padua, Italy
| | | | | | - S Sivolella
- University of Padua-Neuroscience Department, Padua, Italy
| | - D De Santis
- University of Verona-Surgical Science, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics Department, Verona, Italy
| | - L Favero
- University of Padua-Neuroscience Department, Padua, Italy
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6
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Singh MK, Martin APJ, Joffre C, Zago G, Camonis J, Coppey M, Parrini MC. Publisher Correction: Localization of RalB signaling at endomembrane compartments and its modulation by autophagy. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11797. [PMID: 31395941 PMCID: PMC6687814 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48085-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Kumar Singh
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, 75005, Paris, France.,ART group, Inserm U830, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Alexandre P J Martin
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, 75005, Paris, France.,ART group, Inserm U830, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Carine Joffre
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Inserm UMR1037, Toulouse, France
| | - Giulia Zago
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, 75005, Paris, France.,ART group, Inserm U830, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Jacques Camonis
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, 75005, Paris, France.,ART group, Inserm U830, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Mathieu Coppey
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, 75005, Paris, France.,LOCCO group, UMR168, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Maria Carla Parrini
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, 75005, Paris, France. .,ART group, Inserm U830, 75005, Paris, France.
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7
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Singh MK, Martin APJ, Joffre C, Zago G, Camonis J, Coppey M, Parrini MC. Localization of RalB signaling at endomembrane compartments and its modulation by autophagy. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8910. [PMID: 31222145 PMCID: PMC6586930 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45443-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The monomeric GTPase RalB controls crucial physiological processes, including autophagy and invasion, but it still remains unclear how this multi-functionality is achieved. Previously, we reported that the RalGEF (Guanine nucleotide Exchange Factor) RGL2 binds and activates RalB to promote invasion. Here we show that RGL2, a major activator of RalB, is also required for autophagy. Using a novel automated image analysis method, Endomapper, we quantified the endogenous localization of the RGL2 activator and its substrate RalB at different endomembrane compartments, in an isogenic normal and Ras-transformed cell model. In both normal and Ras-transformed cells, we observed that RGL2 and RalB substantially localize at early and recycling endosomes, and to lesser extent at autophagosomes, but not at trans-Golgi. Interestingly the use of a FRET-based RalB biosensor indicated that RalB signaling is active at these endomembrane compartments at basal level in rich medium. Furthermore, induction of autophagy by nutrient starvation led to a considerable reduction of early and recycling endosomes, in contrast to the expected increase of autophagosomes, in both normal and Ras-transformed cells. However, autophagy mildly affected relative abundances of both RGL2 and RalB at early and recycling endosomes, and at autophagosomes. Interestingly, RalB activity increased at autophagosomes upon starvation in normal cells. These results suggest that the contribution of endosome membranes (carrying RGL2 and RalB molecules) increases total pool of RGL2-RalB at autophagosome forming compartments and might contribute to amplify RalB signaling to support autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Kumar Singh
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, 75005, Paris, France
- ART group, Inserm U830, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Alexandre P J Martin
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, 75005, Paris, France
- ART group, Inserm U830, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Carine Joffre
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Inserm UMR1037, Toulouse, France
| | - Giulia Zago
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, 75005, Paris, France
- ART group, Inserm U830, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Jacques Camonis
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, 75005, Paris, France
- ART group, Inserm U830, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Mathieu Coppey
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, 75005, Paris, France
- LOCCO group, UMR168, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Maria Carla Parrini
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, 75005, Paris, France.
- ART group, Inserm U830, 75005, Paris, France.
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8
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Di Liso E, Menichetti A, Dieci MV, Ghiotto C, Banzato A, Bianchi A, Pintacuda G, Padovan M, Nappo F, Cumerlato E, Miglietta F, Mioranza E, Zago G, Corti L, Guarneri V, Conte P. Neoplastic Pericardial Effusion: A Monocentric Retrospective Study. J Palliat Med 2019; 22:691-695. [PMID: 30888908 DOI: 10.1089/jpm.2018.0491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Neoplastic pericardial effusion (NPE) is a life-threatening condition that can worsen clinical outcome in cancer patients. The optimal management of NPE has yet to be defined because randomized studies are lacking. Objective: We report a retrospective monoinstitutional experience describing characteristics, management and prognostic factors in NPE patients. Design: We reviewed clinical, pathological, and echocardiographic features, therapeutic strategies, and outcome in NPE patients referred to our institute from August 2011 to December 2017. Measurements: Twenty-nine patients with NPE from solid tumors have been identified: 21 lung, 5 breast, and 3 other cancer patients. Results: Median age was 62 years. Most of the patients had Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (PS) ≥2 (69%) and a symptomatic NPE (69%). In 52% of patients NPE was detected at first diagnosis of metastatic disease, and in 20% of patients pericardium was the only site of metastases. Most of the patients (62%) received systemic therapy, 28% received combined locoregional and systemic therapy, and 10% received locoregional therapy alone. Median overall survival (OS) from NPE diagnosis was 3.9 months. Patients with PS ≥2 had worse OS than patients with better PS <2 (hazard ratio [HR] 3.56, IC 95% 1.19-10.65, p 0.02). Older age, extrapericardial disease, and NPE at progression showed a trend of association with worse OS. Patients treated with locoregional therapy alone showed the shortest median OS (p 0.05). Conclusions: NPE is related to dismal prognosis. Poor PS significantly worsens survival and influences therapeutic approaches. Randomized studies are required to investigate prognostic factors and appropriate clinical management for patients with NPE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Di Liso
- 1 Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, Università degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Alice Menichetti
- 1 Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, Università degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Maria Vittoria Dieci
- 1 Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, Università degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy.,2 Medical Oncology 2, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Cristina Ghiotto
- 2 Medical Oncology 2, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Alberto Banzato
- 3 Cardiology Unit, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | | | | | - Marta Padovan
- 1 Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, Università degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Floriana Nappo
- 1 Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, Università degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Enrico Cumerlato
- 1 Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, Università degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Federica Miglietta
- 1 Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, Università degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Eleonora Mioranza
- 2 Medical Oncology 2, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Giulia Zago
- 2 Medical Oncology 2, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Luigi Corti
- 5 Radiotherapy Unit, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Valentina Guarneri
- 1 Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, Università degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy.,2 Medical Oncology 2, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Pierfranco Conte
- 1 Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, Università degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy.,2 Medical Oncology 2, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS, Padova, Italy
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9
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Zago G, Veith I, Singh MK, Fuhrmann L, De Beco S, Remorino A, Takaoka S, Palmeri M, Berger F, Brandon N, El Marjou A, Vincent-Salomon A, Camonis J, Coppey M, Parrini MC. RalB directly triggers invasion downstream Ras by mobilizing the Wave complex. eLife 2018; 7:40474. [PMID: 30320548 PMCID: PMC6226288 DOI: 10.7554/elife.40474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The two Ral GTPases, RalA and RalB, have crucial roles downstream Ras oncoproteins in human cancers; in particular, RalB is involved in invasion and metastasis. However, therapies targeting Ral signalling are not available yet. By a novel optogenetic approach, we found that light-controlled activation of Ral at plasma-membrane promotes the recruitment of the Wave Regulatory Complex (WRC) via its effector exocyst, with consequent induction of protrusions and invasion. We show that active Ras signals to RalB via two RalGEFs (Guanine nucleotide Exchange Factors), RGL1 and RGL2, to foster invasiveness; RalB contribution appears to be more important than that of MAPK and PI3K pathways. Moreover, on the clinical side, we uncovered a potential role of RalB in human breast cancers by determining that RalB expression at protein level increases in a manner consistent with progression toward metastasis. This work highlights the Ras-RGL1/2-RalB-exocyst-WRC axis as appealing target for novel anticancer strategies. Cancers develop when cells in the body divide rapidly in an uncontroled manner. It is generally possible to cure cancers that remain contained within a small area. However, if the tumor cells start to move, the cancer may spread in the body and become life threatening. Currently, most of the anti-cancer treatments act to reduce the multiplication of these cells, but not their ability to migrate. A signal protein called Ras stimulates human cells to grow and move around. In healthy cells, the activity of Ras is tightly controled to ensure cells only divide and migrate at particular times, but in roughly 30% of all human cancers, Ras is abnormally active. Ras switches on another protein, named RalB, which is also involved in inappropriate cell migration. Yet, it is not clear how RalB is capable to help Ras trigger the migration of cells. Zago et al. used an approach called optogenetics to specifically activate the RalB protein in human cells using a laser that produces blue light. When activated, the light-controlled RalB started abnormal cell migration; this was used to dissect which molecules and mechanisms were involved in the process. Taken together, the experiments showed that, first, Ras ‘turns on’ RalB by changing the location of two proteins that control RalB. Then, the activated RalB regulates the exocyst, a group of proteins that travel within the cell. In turn, the exocyst recruits another group of proteins, named the Wave complex, which is part of the molecular motor required for cells to migrate. Zago et al. also found that, in patients, the RalB protein was present at abnormally high levels in samples of breast cancer cells that had migrated to another part of the body. Overall, these findings indicate that the role of RalB protein in human cancers is larger than previously thought, and they highlight a new pathway that could be a target for new anti-cancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Zago
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, Paris, France.,ART Group, Inserm U830, Paris, France
| | - Irina Veith
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, Paris, France.,ART Group, Inserm U830, Paris, France
| | - Manish Kumar Singh
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, Paris, France.,ART Group, Inserm U830, Paris, France
| | - Laetitia Fuhrmann
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, Paris, France.,Department of Pathology, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Simon De Beco
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, Paris, France.,LOCCO Group, UMR168, Paris, France
| | - Amanda Remorino
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, Paris, France.,LOCCO Group, UMR168, Paris, France
| | - Saori Takaoka
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, Paris, France.,ART Group, Inserm U830, Paris, France
| | - Marjorie Palmeri
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, Paris, France.,ART Group, Inserm U830, Paris, France
| | - Frédérique Berger
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, Paris, France.,Department of Biostatistics, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Brandon
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, Paris, France.,ART Group, Inserm U830, Paris, France
| | - Ahmed El Marjou
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, Paris, France.,Protein Expression and Purification Core Facility, Paris, France
| | - Anne Vincent-Salomon
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, Paris, France.,Department of Pathology, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Jacques Camonis
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, Paris, France.,ART Group, Inserm U830, Paris, France
| | - Mathieu Coppey
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, Paris, France.,LOCCO Group, UMR168, Paris, France
| | - Maria Carla Parrini
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, Paris, France.,ART Group, Inserm U830, Paris, France
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10
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Bonanno L, Zulato E, Attili I, Pavan A, Del Bianco P, Nardo G, Verza M, Pasqualini L, Pasello G, Zago G, Frega S, Fassan M, Calabrese F, Amadori A, Guarneri V, Conte P, Indraccolo S. Liquid biopsy as tool to monitor and predict clinical benefit from chemotherapy (CT) and immunotherapy (IT) in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (aNSCLC): A prospective study. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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11
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Bonanno L, Zulato E, Nardo G, Del Bianco P, Attili I, Pavan A, Verza M, Pasqualini L, Alberti G, Pasello G, Zago G, Frega S, Fassan M, Rugge M, De Salvo GL, Calabrese F, Conte PF, Indraccolo S. Monitoring advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) through plasma genotyping during systemic treatment: KRAS-mutated (m) cohort results. J Clin Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2018.36.15_suppl.e24074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Elisabetta Zulato
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Giorgia Nardo
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Paola Del Bianco
- Clinical Trials and Biostatistics Unit, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Ilaria Attili
- Medical Oncology 2, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Alberto Pavan
- Medical Oncology 2, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Martina Verza
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Lorenza Pasqualini
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Giulia Alberti
- Medical Oncology 2, Istituto Oncologico Veneto (IRCCS), Padua, IT
| | - Giulia Pasello
- Medical Oncology 2, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Giulia Zago
- Medical Oncology 2, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Stefano Frega
- Medical Oncology 2, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Matteo Fassan
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), Pathology Unit, University of Padua, Padova, Italy, Padova, Italy
| | - Massimo Rugge
- Department of Medicine, Pathology and Cytopathology Unit, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Gian Luca De Salvo
- Clinical Trials and Biostatistics Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Fiorella Calabrese
- Department of CardioThoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Pier Franco Conte
- University of Padova and Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Stefano Indraccolo
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
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12
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Pasello G, Zago G, Lunardi F, Urso L, Kern I, Vlacic G, Grosso F, Mencoboni M, Ceresoli G, Schiavon M, Pezzuto F, Pavan A, Vuljan S, Del Bianco P, Conte P, Rea F, Calabrese F. Malignant pleural mesothelioma immune microenvironment and checkpoint expression: correlation with clinical–pathological features and intratumor heterogeneity over time. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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13
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Bettoun A, Joffre C, Zago G, Surdez D, Vallerand D, Gundogdu R, Sharif AAD, Gomez M, Cascone I, Meunier B, White MA, Codogno P, Parrini MC, Camonis JH, Hergovich A. Correction: Mitochondrial clearance by the STK38 kinase supports oncogenic Ras-induced cell transformation. Oncotarget 2018; 9:22870. [PMID: 29854321 PMCID: PMC5978271 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Bettoun
- Institut Curie, Inserm U830, Paris Sciences et Lettres University Paris,75248, France
| | - Carine Joffre
- Institut Curie, Inserm U830, Paris Sciences et Lettres University Paris,75248, France.,Present address: Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, UMR1037, Toulouse, 31100, France
| | - Giulia Zago
- Institut Curie, Inserm U830, Paris Sciences et Lettres University Paris,75248, France
| | - Didier Surdez
- Institut Curie, Inserm U830, Paris Sciences et Lettres University Paris,75248, France
| | - David Vallerand
- Institut Curie, Inserm U830, Paris Sciences et Lettres University Paris,75248, France
| | - Ramazan Gundogdu
- University College London, Cancer Institute, London, WClE 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Ahmad A D Sharif
- University College London, Cancer Institute, London, WClE 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Marta Gomez
- University College London, Cancer Institute, London, WClE 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Ilaria Cascone
- Institut Curie, Inserm U830, Paris Sciences et Lettres University Paris,75248, France
| | - Brigitte Meunier
- Institut Curie, Inserm U830, Paris Sciences et Lettres University Paris,75248, France
| | - Michael A White
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, 75390, USA
| | - Patrice Codogno
- Inserm U1151-CNRS UMR 8253, Institut Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris, 75993, France
| | - Maria Carla Parrini
- Institut Curie, Inserm U830, Paris Sciences et Lettres University Paris,75248, France
| | - Jacques H Camonis
- Institut Curie, Inserm U830, Paris Sciences et Lettres University Paris,75248, France
| | - Alexander Hergovich
- University College London, Cancer Institute, London, WClE 6BT, United Kingdom
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14
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Frega S, Lorenzi M, Fassan M, Indraccolo S, Calabrese F, Favaretto A, Bonanno L, Polo V, Zago G, Lunardi F, Attili I, Pavan A, Rugge M, Guarneri V, Conte P, Pasello G. Clinical features and treatment outcome of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with uncommon or complex epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations. Oncotarget 2018; 8:32626-32638. [PMID: 28427238 PMCID: PMC5464815 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Tyrosine-kinase inhibitors (TKIs) represent the best treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with common exon 19 deletion or exon 21 epidermal growth factor receptor mutation (EGFRm). This is an observational study investigating epidemiology, clinical features and treatment outcome of NSCLC cases harbouring rare/complex EGFRm. Results Among 764 non-squamous NSCLC cases with known EGFRm status, 26(3.4%) harboured rare/complex EGFRm. Patients receiving first-line TKIs (N = 17) achieved median Progression Free Survival (PFS) and Overall Survival (OS) of 53 (IC 95%, 2–105) and 84 (CI 95%, 27–141) weeks respectively, without significant covariate impact. Response Rate and Disease Control Rate (DCR) were 47% and 65%, respectively. Uncommon exon 19 mutations achieved longer OS and PFS and higher DCR compared with exon 18 and 20 mutations. No additional gene mutation was discovered by MassARRAY analysis. TKIs were globally well tolerated. Materials and methods A retrospective review of advanced non-squamous NSCLC harbouring rare/complex EGFRm referred to our Center between 2010 and 2015 was performed. Additional molecular pathways disregulation was explored in selected cases, through MassARRAY analysis. Conclusions Peculiar clinical features and lower TKIs sensitivity of uncommon/complex compared with common EGFRm were shown. Exon 19 EGFRm achieved the best TKIs treatment outcome, while the optimal treatment of exon 18 and 20 mutations should be further clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Frega
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Medical Oncology 2, Istituto Oncologico Veneto, IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Martina Lorenzi
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Matteo Fassan
- Department of Medicine, Surgical Pathology Unit, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Stefano Indraccolo
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Fiorella Calabrese
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Laura Bonanno
- Medical Oncology 2, Istituto Oncologico Veneto, IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Valentina Polo
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Medical Oncology 2, Istituto Oncologico Veneto, IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Giulia Zago
- Medical Oncology 2, Istituto Oncologico Veneto, IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Francesca Lunardi
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Ilaria Attili
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Medical Oncology 2, Istituto Oncologico Veneto, IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Alberto Pavan
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Medical Oncology 2, Istituto Oncologico Veneto, IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Massimo Rugge
- Department of Medicine, Surgical Pathology Unit, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Valentina Guarneri
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Medical Oncology 2, Istituto Oncologico Veneto, IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - PierFranco Conte
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Medical Oncology 2, Istituto Oncologico Veneto, IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Giulia Pasello
- Medical Oncology 2, Istituto Oncologico Veneto, IRCCS, Padova, Italy
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15
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Urso L, Cavallari I, Silic-Benussi M, Biasini L, Zago G, Calabrese F, Conte PF, Ciminale V, Pasello G. Synergistic targeting of malignant pleural mesothelioma cells by MDM2 inhibitors and TRAIL agonists. Oncotarget 2018; 8:44232-44241. [PMID: 28562336 PMCID: PMC5546476 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma (MPM) is a chemoresistant tumor characterized by low rate of p53 mutation and upregulation of Murine Double Minute 2 (MDM2), suggesting that it may be effectively targeted using MDM2 inhibitors. In the present study, we investigated the anticancer activity of the MDM2 inhibitors Nutlin 3a (in vitro) and RG7112 (in vivo), as single agents or in combination with rhTRAIL. In vitro studies were performed using MPM cell lines derived from epithelioid (ZL55, M14K), biphasic (MSTO211H) and sarcomatoid (ZL34) MPMs. In vivo studies were conducted on a sarcomatoid MPM mouse model. In all the cell lines tested (with the exception of ZL55, which carries a biallelic loss-of-function mutation of p53), Nutlin 3a enhanced p21, MDM2 and DR5 expression, and decreased survivin expression. These changes were associated to cell cycle arrest but not to a significant induction of apoptosis. A synergistic pro-apoptotic effect was obtained through the association of rhTRAIL in all the cell lines harboring functional p53. This synergistic interaction of MDM2 inhibitor and TRAIL agonist was confirmed using a mouse preclinical model. Our results suggest that the combined targeting of MDM2 and TRAIL might provide a novel therapeutic option for treatment of MPM patients, particularly in the case of sarcomatoid MPM with MDM2 overexpression and functional inactivation of wild-type p53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loredana Urso
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35128, Padova, Italy
| | - Ilaria Cavallari
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, 35128, Padova, Italy
| | - Micol Silic-Benussi
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, 35128, Padova, Italy
| | - Lorena Biasini
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, 35128, Padova, Italy
| | - Giulia Zago
- Medical Oncology Unit 2, Veneto Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, 35128, Padova, Italy
| | - Fiorella Calabrese
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova, 35128, Padova, Italy
| | - Pier Franco Conte
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35128, Padova, Italy.,Medical Oncology Unit 2, Veneto Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, 35128, Padova, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Ciminale
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35128, Padova, Italy.,Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, 35128, Padova, Italy
| | - Giulia Pasello
- Medical Oncology Unit 2, Veneto Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, 35128, Padova, Italy
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16
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Bettoun A, Joffre C, Zago G, Surdez D, Vallerand D, Gundogdu R, Sharif AAD, Gomez M, Cascone I, Meunier B, White MA, Codogno P, Parrini MC, Camonis JH, Hergovich A. Mitochondrial clearance by the STK38 kinase supports oncogenic Ras-induced cell transformation. Oncotarget 2018; 7:44142-44160. [PMID: 27283898 PMCID: PMC5190085 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Oncogenic Ras signalling occurs frequently in many human cancers. However, no effective targeted therapies are currently available to treat patients suffering from Ras-driven tumours. Therefore, it is imperative to identify downstream effectors of Ras signalling that potentially represent promising new therapeutic options. Particularly, considering that autophagy inhibition can impair the survival of Ras-transformed cells in tissue culture and mouse models, an understanding of factors regulating the balance between autophagy and apoptosis in Ras-transformed human cells is needed. Here, we report critical roles of the STK38 protein kinase in oncogenic Ras transformation. STK38 knockdown impaired anoikis resistance, anchorage-independent soft agar growth, and in vivo xenograft growth of Ras-transformed human cells. Mechanistically, STK38 supports Ras-driven transformation through promoting detachment-induced autophagy. Even more importantly, upon cell detachment STK38 is required to sustain the removal of damaged mitochondria by mitophagy, a selective autophagic process, to prevent excessive mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production that can negatively affect cancer cell survival. Significantly, knockdown of PINK1 or Parkin, two positive regulators of mitophagy, also impaired anoikis resistance and anchorage-independent growth of Ras-transformed human cells, while knockdown of USP30, a negative regulator of PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy, restored anchorage-independent growth of STK38-depleted Ras-transformed human cells. Therefore, our findings collectively reveal novel molecular players that determine whether Ras-transformed human cells die or survive upon cell detachment, which potentially could be exploited for the development of novel strategies to target Ras-transformed cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Bettoun
- Institut Curie, Inserm U830, Paris Sciences et Lettres University Paris, 75248, France
| | - Carine Joffre
- Institut Curie, Inserm U830, Paris Sciences et Lettres University Paris, 75248, France.,Present address: Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, UMR1037, Toulouse, 31100, France
| | - Giulia Zago
- Institut Curie, Inserm U830, Paris Sciences et Lettres University Paris, 75248, France
| | - Didier Surdez
- Institut Curie, Inserm U830, Paris Sciences et Lettres University Paris, 75248, France
| | - David Vallerand
- Institut Curie, Inserm U830, Paris Sciences et Lettres University Paris, 75248, France
| | - Ramazan Gundogdu
- University College London, Cancer Institute, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Ahmad A D Sharif
- University College London, Cancer Institute, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Marta Gomez
- University College London, Cancer Institute, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Ilaria Cascone
- Institut Curie, Inserm U830, Paris Sciences et Lettres University Paris, 75248, France
| | - Brigitte Meunier
- Institut Curie, Inserm U830, Paris Sciences et Lettres University Paris, 75248, France
| | - Michael A White
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, 75390, USA
| | - Patrice Codogno
- Inserm U1151-CNRS UMR 8253, Institut Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris, 75993, France
| | - Maria Carla Parrini
- Institut Curie, Inserm U830, Paris Sciences et Lettres University Paris, 75248, France
| | - Jacques H Camonis
- Institut Curie, Inserm U830, Paris Sciences et Lettres University Paris, 75248, France
| | - Alexander Hergovich
- University College London, Cancer Institute, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
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17
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Bonanno L, Attili I, Zulato E, Nardo G, Verza M, Pavan A, Del Bianco P, Pasello G, Zago G, Polo V, Frega S, Milite N, Carlucci M, Calabrese F, De Salvo G, Conte P, Indraccolo S. P3.02-006 Monitoring Genetic Alterations in Plasma during Anti-Cancer Treatment in Advanced NSCLC (MAGIC1-Validation Cohort: Preliminary Results). J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.09.1535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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18
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Di Liso E, Pavan A, Schiavon M, Gregori D, Comacchio G, Attili I, Mantiero M, Pasello G, Zago G, Polo V, Frega S, Milite N, Rea F, Conte P, Bonanno L. Surgery in multimodal management in non-metastatic small cell lung cancer: a retrospective monocentric series. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx426.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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19
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Frega S, Macerelli M, Del Conte A, Bonanno L, Bartoletti M, Polo V, Zago G, Follador A, Attili I, Pavan A, Urso L, Basso S, Fasola G, Conte P, Pasello G. Clinical features of never smoker patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma: a retrospective multicenter study. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx426.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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20
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Zago G, Lunardi F, Calabrese F, Vuljan S, Urso L, Frega S, Pavan A, Polo V, Bonanno L, Attili I, Rea F, Conte P, Pasello G. Malignant pleural mesothelioma immune microenvironment and checkpoint expression before and after systemic cytotoxic treatment. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx389.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Frega S, Macerelli M, Del Conte A, Bonanno L, Bartoletti M, Polo V, Zago G, Follador A, Attili I, Pavan A, Urso L, Basso S, Fasola G, Conte P, Pasello G. Clinical features of never smoker patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma: A retrospective multicenter study. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx380.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Zago G, Biondini M, Camonis J, Parrini MC. A family affair: A Ral-exocyst-centered network links Ras, Rac, Rho signaling to control cell migration. Small GTPases 2017; 10:323-330. [PMID: 28498728 DOI: 10.1080/21541248.2017.1310649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell migration is central to many developmental, physiologic and pathological processes, including cancer progression. The Ral GTPases (RalA and RalB) which act down-stream the Ras oncogenes, are key players in the coordination between membrane trafficking and actin polymerization. A major direct effector of Ral, the exocyst complex, works in polarized exocytosis and is at the center of multiple protein-protein interactions that support cell migration by promoting protrusion formation, front-rear polarization, and extra-cellular matrix degradation. In this review we describe the recent advancements in deciphering the molecular mechanisms underlying this role of Ral via exocyst on cell migration. Among others, we will discuss the recently identified cross-talk between Ral and Rac1 pathways: exocyst binds to a negative regulator (the RacGAP SH3BP1) and to the major effector (the Wave Regulatory Complex, WRC) of Rac1, the master regulator of protrusions. Next challenge will be to better characterize the dynamics in space and in time of these molecular interplays, to better understand the pleiotropic functions of Ral in both normal and cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Zago
- a Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University , Paris , France.,b ART group, Inserm U830 , Paris , France
| | - Marco Biondini
- a Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University , Paris , France.,b ART group, Inserm U830 , Paris , France
| | - Jacques Camonis
- a Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University , Paris , France.,b ART group, Inserm U830 , Paris , France
| | - Maria Carla Parrini
- a Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University , Paris , France.,b ART group, Inserm U830 , Paris , France
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Attili I, Frega S, Pavan A, Pasello G, Polo V, Zago G, Rea F, Calabrese F, Conte P, Bonanno L. Thymoma and thymic carcinoma: A real-life retrospective analysis. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx093.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Quispel-Janssen J, Zago G, Schouten R, Buikhuisen W, Monkhorst K, Thunissen E, Baas P. OA13.01 A Phase II Study of Nivolumab in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma (NivoMes): with Translational Research (TR) Biopies. J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2016.11.300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Biondini M, Sadou-Dubourgnoux A, Paul-Gilloteaux P, Zago G, Arslanhan MD, Waharte F, Formstecher E, Hertzog M, Yu J, Guerois R, Gautreau A, Scita G, Camonis J, Parrini MC. Direct interaction between exocyst and Wave complexes promotes cell protrusions and motility. J Cell Sci 2016; 129:3756-3769. [PMID: 27591259 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.187336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Coordination between membrane trafficking and actin polymerization is fundamental in cell migration, but a dynamic view of the underlying molecular mechanisms is still missing. The Rac1 GTPase controls actin polymerization at protrusions by interacting with its effector, the Wave regulatory complex (WRC). The exocyst complex, which functions in polarized exocytosis, has been involved in the regulation of cell motility. Here, we show a physical and functional connection between exocyst and WRC. Purified components of exocyst and WRC directly associate in vitro, and interactions interfaces are identified. The exocyst-WRC interaction is confirmed in cells by co-immunoprecipitation and is shown to occur independently of the Arp2/3 complex. Disruption of the exocyst-WRC interaction leads to impaired migration. By using time-lapse microscopy coupled to image correlation analysis, we visualized the trafficking of the WRC towards the front of the cell in nascent protrusions. The exocyst is necessary for WRC recruitment at the leading edge and for resulting cell edge movements. This direct link between the exocyst and WRC provides a new mechanistic insight into the spatio-temporal regulation of cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Biondini
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, Paris 75005, France ART group, Inserm U830, Paris 75005, France
| | - Amel Sadou-Dubourgnoux
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, Paris 75005, France ART group, Inserm U830, Paris 75005, France
| | - Perrine Paul-Gilloteaux
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, Paris 75005, France Cell and Tissue Imaging Facility (PICT-IBiSA), CNRS UMR 144, Paris 75005, France
| | - Giulia Zago
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, Paris 75005, France ART group, Inserm U830, Paris 75005, France
| | - Melis D Arslanhan
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, Paris 75005, France ART group, Inserm U830, Paris 75005, France
| | - François Waharte
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, Paris 75005, France Cell and Tissue Imaging Facility (PICT-IBiSA), CNRS UMR 144, Paris 75005, France
| | | | - Maud Hertzog
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie et Génétique Moléculaire, CNRS UMR 5100, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse 31062, France
| | - Jinchao Yu
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, University Paris-Saclay, CEA-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette 91191
| | - Raphael Guerois
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, University Paris-Saclay, CEA-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette 91191
| | - Alexis Gautreau
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS UMR7654, Palaiseau Cedex 91128, France
| | - Giorgio Scita
- IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare and Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Jacques Camonis
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, Paris 75005, France ART group, Inserm U830, Paris 75005, France
| | - Maria Carla Parrini
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, Paris 75005, France ART group, Inserm U830, Paris 75005, France
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Abstract
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is often diagnosed at an advanced stage of disease, where it is no longer amenable to curative treatment. During the last decades, the survival has only improved significantly for lung cancer patients who have tumors harboring a driver mutation. Therefore, there is a clear unmet need for effective therapies for patients with no mutation. Immunotherapy has emerged as an effective treatment for different cancer types. Nivolumab, a monoclonal inhibitory antibody against PD-1 receptor, can prolong survival of NSCLC patients, with a manageable toxicity profile. In two Phase III trials, nivolumab was compared to docetaxel in patients with, respectively, squamous (CheckMate 017) and non-squamous NSCLC (CheckMate 057). In both trials, nivolumab significantly reduced the risk of death compared to docetaxel (41% and 27% lower risk of death for squamous and non-squamous NSCLC, respectively). Therefore, nivolumab has been approved in the US and in Europe as second-line treatment for advanced NSCLC. Unfortunately, accurate predictive factors for patient selection are lacking, making it difficult to decide who will benefit and who will not. Currently, there are many ongoing trials that evaluate the efficacy of nivolumab in different settings and in combination with other agents. This paper reviews the present literature about the role of nivolumab in the treatment of NSCLC. Particular attention has been given to efficacy studies, toxicity profile, and current and emerging predictive factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Zago
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek (NKI-AvL), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Medical Oncology 2, Istituto Oncologico Veneto (IOV), Padova, Italy
| | - Mirte Muller
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek (NKI-AvL), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Michel van den Heuvel
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek (NKI-AvL), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Paul Baas
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek (NKI-AvL), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Bonanno L, Zago G, Marulli G, Del Bianco P, Schiavon M, Pasello G, Polo V, Canova F, Tonetto F, Loreggian L, Rea F, Conte P, Favaretto A. Radiological response and survival in locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer patients treated with three-drug induction chemotherapy followed by radical local treatment. Onco Targets Ther 2016; 9:3671-81. [PMID: 27382305 PMCID: PMC4922786 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s98435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES If concurrent chemoradiotherapy cannot be performed, induction chemotherapy followed by radical-intent surgical treatment is an acceptable option for non primarily resectable non-small-cell lung cancers (NSCLCs). No markers are available to predict which patients may benefit from local treatment after induction. This exploratory study aims to assess the feasibility and the activity of multimodality treatment, including triple-agent chemotherapy followed by radical surgery and/or radiotherapy in locally advanced NSCLCs. METHODS We retrospectively collected data from locally advanced NSCLCs treated with induction chemotherapy with carboplatin (area under the curve 6, d [day]1), paclitaxel (200 mg/m(2), d1), and gemcitabine (1,000 mg/m(2) d1, 8) for three to four courses, followed by radical surgery and/or radiotherapy. We analyzed radiological response and toxicity. Estimated progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were correlated to response, surgery, and clinical features. RESULTS In all, 58 NSCLCs were included in the study: 40 staged as IIIA, 18 as IIIB (according to TNM Classification of Malignant Tumors-7th edition staging system). A total of 36 (62%) patients achieved partial response (PR), and six (10%) progressions were recorded. Grade 3-4 hematological toxicity was observed in 36 (62%) cases. After chemotherapy, 37 (64%) patients underwent surgery followed by adjuvant radiotherapy, and two patients received radical-intent radiotherapy. The median PFS and OS were 11 months and 23 months, respectively. Both PFS and OS were significantly correlated to objective response (P<0.0001) and surgery (P<0.0001 and P=0.002). Patients obtaining PR and receiving local treatment achieved a median PFS and OS of 35 and 48 months, respectively. Median PFS and OS of patients not achieving PR or not receiving local treatment were 5-7 and 11-15 months, respectively. The extension of surgery did not affect the outcome. CONCLUSION The multimodality treatment was feasible, and triple-agent induction was associated with a considerable rate of PR. Patients achieving PR and receiving radical surgery or radiotherapy (53%) achieved a median OS of 4 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Bonanno
- Medical Oncology Unit 2, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS
| | - Giulia Zago
- Medical Oncology Unit 2, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS
| | | | - Paola Del Bianco
- Clinical Trials and Biostatistics Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS
| | | | - Giulia Pasello
- Medical Oncology Unit 2, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS
| | - Valentina Polo
- Medical Oncology Unit 2, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova
| | - Fabio Canova
- Medical Oncology Unit 2, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS
| | - Fabrizio Tonetto
- Radiotherapy Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Lucio Loreggian
- Radiotherapy Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Federico Rea
- Thoracic Surgery Department, University of Padova
| | - PierFranco Conte
- Medical Oncology Unit 2, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova
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Lefort S, Joffre C, Kieffer Y, Givel AM, Bourachot B, Zago G, Bieche I, Dubois T, Meseure D, Vincent-Salomon A, Camonis J, Mechta-Grigoriou F. Inhibition of autophagy as a new means of improving chemotherapy efficiency in high-LC3B triple-negative breast cancers. Autophagy 2015; 10:2122-42. [PMID: 25427136 DOI: 10.4161/15548627.2014.981788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The triple-negative breast cancer (TN BC) subtype is the most aggressive form of invasive BC. Despite intensive efforts to improve BC treatments, patients with TN BC continue to exhibit poor survival, with half developing resistance to chemotherapy. Here we identify autophagy as a key mechanism in the progression and chemoresistance of a subset of TN tumors. We demonstrate that LC3B, a protein involved in autophagosome formation, is a reliable marker of poor prognosis in TN BC, validating this prognostic value at both the mRNA and protein levels in several independent cohorts. We also show that LC3B has no prognostic value for other BC subtypes (Luminal or HER2 BC), thus revealing a specific impact of autophagy on TN tumors. Autophagy is essential for the proliferative and invasive properties in 3D of TN BC cells characterized by high LC3B levels. Interestingly, the activity of the transcriptional co-activator YAP1 (Yes-associated protein 1) is regulated by the autophagy process and we identify YAP1 as a new actor in the autophagy-dependent proliferative and invasive properties of high-LC3B TN BC. Finally, inhibiting autophagy by silencing ATG5 or ATG7 significantly impaired high-LC3B TN tumor growth in vivo. Moreover, using a patient-derived TN tumor transplanted into mice, we show that an autophagy inhibitor, chloroquine, potentiates the effects of chemotherapeutic agents. Overall, our data identify LC3B as a new prognostic marker for TN BC and the inhibition of autophagy as a promising therapeutic strategy for TN BC patients.
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Key Words
- 3-dimensional culture
- 3D, 3-dimensions
- AC, adriamycin and cyclophosphamide
- ACTB, actin, β
- AP2A1/adaptin, adaptor-related protein complex 2, α 1 subunit
- ATG, autophagy-related
- BC, breast cancer
- BECN1, Beclin 1, autophagy related
- BafA1, bafilomycin A1
- Ctrl, control
- DFS, disease-free survival
- EBSS, Earle's balanced salt solution
- ERBB2/HER2, v-erb-b2 avian erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 2
- GAPDH, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
- HScore, histological scoring
- IHC, immunohistochemistry
- LC3B
- Lum, Luminal
- MAP1LC3B/LC3B, microtubule-associated protein one light chain 3 β
- OS, overall survival
- PDX, patient-derived xenografted tumor
- TCGA, The Cancer Genome Atlas
- TGI, tumor growth inhibition
- TN BC, triple-negative breast cancer
- YAP1
- YAP1, Yes-associated protein 1
- autophagy
- breast cancers
- i.p., intra-peritoneal
- prognosis
- response to treatment
- sem, standard error of mean
- three-MA, 3-methyladenine
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Lefort
- a Laboratory of Stress and Cancer; Institut Curie ; Paris , France
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Polo V, Zago G, Frega S, Canova F, Bonanno L, Favaretto A, Bonaldi L, Bertorelle R, Conte P, Pasello G. Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer in a Very Young Woman: A Case Report and Critical Review of the Literature. Am J Case Rep 2015; 16:782-9. [PMID: 26525068 PMCID: PMC4642365 DOI: 10.12659/ajcr.894426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer in young patients is quite uncommon; clinical presentation and outcome in this population compared to the older group are not yet well defined and data about this setting are mostly single-institutional retrospective analyses. CASE REPORT We report here a case of a very young woman with diagnosis of early-stage lung adenocarcinoma harboring EML4-ALK rearrangement; she underwent radical surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy according to the pathologic stage. Potential risk factors for lung cancer in our patient are discussed and clinico-pathologic features and outcomes of lung cancer in the young population compared to the elderly are reviewed through discussing studies with sample sizes larger than 100 patients. CONCLUSIONS A wide clinical overview should be performed when lung cancer is diagnosed in a young patient. Large-population studies are required to define the molecular signature and clinical behavior of lung cancer in young patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Polo
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Giulia Zago
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Stefano Frega
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Fabio Canova
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Laura Bonanno
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Adolfo Favaretto
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Laura Bonaldi
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Roberta Bertorelle
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - PierFranco Conte
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Giulia Pasello
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS, Padova, Italy
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Pasello G, Carli P, Canova F, Bonanno L, Polo V, Zago G, Urso L, Conte P, Favaretto A. Epirubicin plus paclitaxel regimen as second-line treatment of patients with small-cell lung cancer. Anticancer Res 2015; 35:2183-2189. [PMID: 25862876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Most patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) experience relapse within one year after first-line treatment. The aim of this study was to describe activity and safety of second-line with epirubicin at 70 mg/m(2) followed by paclitaxel at 135 mg/m(2) on day 1 every three weeks for a maximum of six cycles. PATIENTS AND METHODS This is a retrospective review of all patients with SCLC evaluated for second-line treatment between 2003 and 2013 at our Institution. RESULTS Sixty-eight patients received the study regimen of epirubicin with paclitaxel. We observed partial response in 19 (30%), stable disease in 22 (34%) and total early failure rate in 23 (36%) patients. Median progression free and overall survival were 21.8 and 26.5 weeks, respectively. Haematological toxicities were as follows: grade 3-4 leukopenia and neutropenia in 18 (31%) and 30 (22%) of patients, respectively; grade 3 anaemia and grade 4 thrombocytopenia were reported in 2 (3%) and 5 (9%) of patients, respectively. CONCLUSION Epirubicin with paclitaxel is an active and tolerable second-line regimen in patients with SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Pasello
- Medical Oncology 2, Venetian Oncological Institute, Padova, Italy
| | - Paolo Carli
- Medical Oncology Unit, Ca' Foncello Hospital, Treviso, Italy
| | - Fabio Canova
- Medical Oncology 2, Venetian Oncological Institute, Padova, Italy
| | - Laura Bonanno
- Medical Oncology 2, Venetian Oncological Institute, Padova, Italy
| | - Valentina Polo
- Medical Oncology 2, Venetian Oncological Institute, Padova, Italy
| | - Giulia Zago
- Medical Oncology 2, Venetian Oncological Institute, Padova, Italy
| | - Loredana Urso
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Pierfranco Conte
- Medical Oncology 2, Venetian Oncological Institute, Padova, Italy Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Adolfo Favaretto
- Medical Oncology 2, Venetian Oncological Institute, Padova, Italy
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Pasello G, Carli P, Canova F, Polo V, Bonanno L, Zago G, Conte P, Favaretto A. Second Line Treatment in Small-Cell Lung Cancer (Sclc) Patients: Single Center 10-Years Experience and Feasibility of Epirubicin Plus Paclitaxel Regimen. Ann Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu355.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Bonanno L, Zago G, Schiavon M, De Bianco PL, Pasello G, Polo V, Canova F, Rea F, Loreggian L, Conte P, Favaretto A. Carboplatin, Paclitaxel and Gemcitabine As Induction Treatment Followed By Surgery and/or Radiotherapy: an Exploratory Analysis in Locally-Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (Nsclc). Ann Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu348.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Redana S, Gucalp A, Ghiotto C, Vinante L, Zago G, Fornier MN, Evangelista L. Fluorodeoxiglucose (FDG)-avidity at positron emission computed tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) during adjuvant hormone therapy (HT) in patients (pts) with breast cancer (BC). J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.e21172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Perlini G, Nicks R, Penkuhn H, Ponti C, Manduchi C, Moschini G, Zago G. Attenuation of monoenergetic source neutrons in different shielding materials. Nuclear Engineering and Design 1970. [DOI: 10.1016/0029-5493(70)90033-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Fasoli U, Toniolo D, Zago G. Elastic and inelastic scattering of protons by7Li in the energy interval (3.0÷5.5) MeV. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1964. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02749997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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