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Polishook JD, Ondeyka JG, Dombrowski AW, Peláez F, Platas G, Teran AM. Biogeography and relatedness of Nodulisporium strains producing nodulisporic acid. Mycologia 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2001.12063246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jon D. Polishook
- Merck Research Laboratories, P. O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065-0900
| | - John G. Ondeyka
- Merck Research Laboratories, P. O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065-0900
| | - Anne W. Dombrowski
- Merck Research Laboratories, P. O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065-0900
| | - Fernando Peláez
- Centro de Investigación Básica, Merck, Sharp & Dohme de España, S. A., Josefa Valcárcel, 38, Madrid, E-28027, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Platas
- Centro de Investigación Básica, Merck, Sharp & Dohme de España, S. A., Josefa Valcárcel, 38, Madrid, E-28027, Spain
| | - Ana M. Teran
- Centro de Investigación Básica, Merck, Sharp & Dohme de España, S. A., Josefa Valcárcel, 38, Madrid, E-28027, Spain
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2
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Collado J, Platas G, Peláez F. Identification of an endophytic Nodulisporium sp. from Quercus ilex in central Spain as the anamorph of Biscogniauxia mediterranea by rDNA sequence analysis and effect of different ecological factors on distribution of the fungus. Mycologia 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2001.12063222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Collado
- Centro de Investigación Básica. NPDD-Merck Research Laboratories, Merck, Sharp & Dohme de España S. A. Josefa Valcárcel 38, E-28027 Madrid, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Platas
- Centro de Investigación Básica. NPDD-Merck Research Laboratories, Merck, Sharp & Dohme de España S. A. Josefa Valcárcel 38, E-28027 Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Peláez
- Centro de Investigación Básica. NPDD-Merck Research Laboratories, Merck, Sharp & Dohme de España S. A. Josefa Valcárcel 38, E-28027 Madrid, Spain
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Sánchez-Ballesteros J, González V, Salazar O, Acero J, Portal MA, Julián M, Rubio V, Bills GF, Polishook JD, Platas G, Mochales S, Peláez F. Phylogenetic study of Hypoxylon and related genera based on ribosomal ITS sequences. Mycologia 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2000.12061240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Sánchez-Ballesteros
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Campus Cantoblanco, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Vicente González
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Campus Cantoblanco, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Oscar Salazar
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Campus Cantoblanco, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Javier Acero
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Campus Cantoblanco, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Maria A. Portal
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Campus Cantoblanco, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - María Julián
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Campus Cantoblanco, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Víctor Rubio
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Campus Cantoblanco, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Gerald F. Bills
- Natural Products Drug Discovery, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065
| | - Jon D. Polishook
- Natural Products Drug Discovery, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065
| | - Gonzalo Platas
- Centro de Investigación Básica, Natural Products Drug Discovery, Merck Sharp & Dohme de España, SA., Josefa Valcárcel 38, Madrid 28027, Spain
| | - Sagrario Mochales
- Centro de Investigación Básica, Natural Products Drug Discovery, Merck Sharp & Dohme de España, SA., Josefa Valcárcel 38, Madrid 28027, Spain
| | - Fernando Peláez
- Centro de Investigación Básica, Natural Products Drug Discovery, Merck Sharp & Dohme de España, SA., Josefa Valcárcel 38, Madrid 28027, Spain
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Gonzalez-Menendez V, Martin J, Siles JA, Gonzalez-Tejero MR, Reyes F, Platas G, Tormo JR, Genilloud O. Biodiversity and chemotaxonomy of Preussia isolates from the Iberian Peninsula. Mycol Prog 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11557-017-1305-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Acero FJ, González V, Sánchez-Ballesteros J, Rubio V, Checa J, Bills GF, Salazar O, Platas G, Peláez F. Molecular phylogenetic studies on the Diatrypaceae based on rDNA-ITS sequences. Mycologia 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/15572536.2005.11832975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Víctor Rubio
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Campus Cantoblanco, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Julia Checa
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Universidad de Alcalá de Henares, Madrid 28871, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Fernando Peláez
- Centro de Investigación Básica, Merck Sharp and Dohme de España S. A., Josefa Valcárcel 38, Madrid 28027, Spain
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Collado J, Platas G, Bills GF, Basilio Á, Vicente F, Tormo JR, Hernández P, Díez MT, Peláez F. Studies on Morinia: Recognition of Morinia longiappendiculatasp. nov. as a new endophytic fungus, and a new circumscription of Morinia pestalozzioides. Mycologia 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/15572536.2006.11832665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Fernando Peláez
- Centro de Investigación Básica (CIBE). Merck Research Laboratories, Merck, Sharp and Dohme de España, Josefa Valcárcel 38 E-28027 Madrid, España
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7
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Bills GF, Platas G, Overy DP, Collado J, Fillola A, Jiménez MR, Martín J, del Val AG, Vicente F, Tormo JR, Peláez F, Calati K, Harris G, Parish C, Xu D, Roemer T. Discovery of the parnafungins, antifungal metabolites that inhibit mRNA polyadenylation, from theFusarium larvarumcomplex and other Hypocrealean fungi. Mycologia 2017; 101:449-72. [DOI: 10.3852/08-163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Fernando Peláez
- Centro de Investigación Básica, Merck, Sharp & Dohme de España S. A., Josefa Valcárcel 38, Madrid, E-28027, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Terry Roemer
- Merck Research Laboratories, 126 E. Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065
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Galán R, Checa J, Blanco MN, Platas G, Tena R, Tello S, Hermosilla CE, Jaklitsch WM, Voglmayr H. Taxonomic position of the genus Bicornispora and the appearance of a new species Bicornispora seditiosa. Mycologia 2015; 107:793-807. [PMID: 25977215 DOI: 10.3852/14-245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of a second species of Bicornispora in Spain, B. seditiosa, which is closely related to B. exophiala but has smaller ascospores, narrower asci and different ecology, gave us the opportunity to culture and sequence the fungus. Phylogenetic analyses of rDNA regions including partial nuc 28S rDNA (28S) and ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 (ITS) supported a close relationship with species of the genus Lambertella (Rutstroemiaceae), placing Bicornispora, previously ascribed to Coryneliales, within Helotiales. This result confirmed an evolutionary linkage between certain inoperculate discomycetes such as Lambertella palmeri and derived cleistothecial forms (Bicornispora spp.). Based on analyses of morphological study and molecular phylogenetic analyses, a new combination Rutstroemia asphodeli is proposed for Ciboria asphodeli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Galán
- Dpto. de Ciencias de la Vida, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Alcalá, P.O.B. 20, 28805, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julia Checa
- Dpto. de Ciencias de la Vida, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Alcalá, P.O.B. 20, 28805, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - María N Blanco
- Dpto. de Ciencias de la Vida, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Alcalá, P.O.B. 20, 28805, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Platas
- Fundación MEDINA, Microbiología, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, 18016 Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - Raúl Tena
- C/Arreñales del Portillo B, 21, 1u D, 44003, Teruel, Spain
| | - Salvador Tello
- Paseo del Obispo 7, 23150 Valdepeñas de Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | | | - Walter M Jaklitsch
- Division of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, A-1030 Vienna, Austria, and Institute of Forest Entomology, Forest Pathology and Forest Protection, Dept. of Forest and Soil Sciences, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Peter Jordan-Straße 82, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Hermann Voglmayr
- Division of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, A-1030 Vienna, Austria, and Institute of Forest Entomology, Forest Pathology and Forest Protection, Dept. of Forest and Soil Sciences, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Peter Jordan-Straße 82, 1190 Vienna, Austria
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Siles JA, González-Menéndez V, Platas G, Sampedro I, García-Romera I, Bills GF. Effects of dry olive residue transformed by Coriolopsis floccosa (Polyporaceae) on the distribution and dynamic of a culturable fungal soil community. Microb Ecol 2014; 67:648-658. [PMID: 24419542 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-013-0353-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2013] [Accepted: 12/12/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Dry olive residue (DOR) is an abundant waste product resulting from a two-phase olive oil extraction system. Due to its high organic and mineral content, this material has been proposed as an organic soil amendment; however, it presents phytotoxic and microtoxic properties. Thus, a pretreatment is necessary before its application to soil. Among the strategies for the bioremediation of DOR is treatment with ligninolytic fungi, e.g. Coriolopsis floccosa. This work aimed to assess the diversity of culturable fungi in a soil of the southeast Iberian Peninsula and to evaluate the short-term impact of untransformed and C. floccosa-transformed DOR on soil mycobiota. A total of 1,733 strains were isolated by the particle filtration method and were grouped among 109 different species using morphological and molecular methods. The majority of isolates were ascomycetes and were concentrated among three orders: Hypocreales, Eurotiales and Capnodiales. The soil amendment with untransformed DOR was associated with a depression in fungal diversity at 30 days and changes in the proportions of the major species. However, when C. floccosa-transformed DOR was applied to the soil, changes in fungal diversity were less evident, and species composition was similar to unamended soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- José A Siles
- Department of Soil Microbiology and Symbiotic Systems, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), C/Profesor Albareda, 1, 18008, Granada, Spain,
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Almeida C, El Aouad N, Martín J, Pérez-Victoria I, González-Menéndez V, Platas G, de la Cruz M, Monteiro MC, de Pedro N, Bills GF, Vicente F, Genilloud O, Reyes F. Graminin B, a furanone from the fungus Paraconiothyrium sp. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2014; 67:421-3. [DOI: 10.1038/ja.2014.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Revised: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Esteve-Raventós F, Niskanen T, Platas G, Liimatainen K, Ortega A. Cortinarius pseudofallax (Cortinariaceae, Agaricales), the first records from the Iberian Peninsula and Fennoscandia, and taxonomic notes on the C. parvannulatus/cedriolens group. Mycol Prog 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11557-013-0925-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Singh SB, Ondeyka J, Harris G, Herath K, Zink D, Vicente F, Bills G, Collado J, Platas G, González del Val A, Martin J, Reyes F, Wang H, Kahn JN, Galuska S, Giacobbe R, Abruzzo G, Roemer T, Xu D. Isolation, structure, and biological activity of Phaeofungin, a cyclic lipodepsipeptide from a Phaeosphaeria sp. Using the Genome-Wide Candida albicans Fitness Test. J Nat Prod 2013; 76:334-345. [PMID: 23259972 DOI: 10.1021/np300704s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Phaeofungin (1), a new cyclic depsipeptide isolated from Phaeosphaeria sp., was discovered by application of reverse genetics technology, using the Candida albicans fitness test (CaFT). Phaeofungin is comprised of seven amino acids and a β,γ-dihydroxy-γ-methylhexadecanoic acid arranged in a 25-membered cyclic depsipeptide. Five of the amino acids were assigned with d-configurations. The structure was elucidated by 2D-NMR and HRMS-MS analysis of the natural product and its hydrolyzed linear peptide. The absolute configuration of the amino acids was determined by Marfey's method by complete and partial hydrolysis of 1. The CaFT profile of the phaeofungin-containing extract overlapped with that of phomafungin (3), another structurally different cyclic lipodepsipeptide isolated from a Phoma sp. using the same approach. Comparative biological characterization further demonstrated that these two fungal lipodepsipeptides are functionally distinct. While phomafungin was potentiated by cyclosporin A (an inhibitor of the calcineurin pathway), phaeofungin was synergized with aureobasidin A (2) (an inhibitor of the sphingolipid biosynthesis) and to some extent caspofungin (an inhibitor of glucan synthase). Furthermore, phaeofungin caused ATP release in wild-type C. albicans strains but phomafungin did not. It showed modest antifungal activity against C. albicans (MIC 16-32 μg/mL) and better activity against Aspergillus fumigatus (MIC 8-16 μg/mL) and Trichophyton mentagrophytes (MIC 4 μg/mL). The linear peptide was inactive, suggesting that the macrocyclic depsipeptide ring is essential for target engagement and antifungal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheo B Singh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories , PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, USA.
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Bills GF, González-Menéndez V, Martín J, Platas G, Fournier J, Peršoh D, Stadler M. Hypoxylon pulicicidum sp. nov. (Ascomycota, Xylariales), a pantropical insecticide-producing endophyte. PLoS One 2012; 7:e46687. [PMID: 23056404 PMCID: PMC3467290 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0046687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2012] [Accepted: 08/30/2012] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nodulisporic acids (NAs) are indole diterpene fungal metabolites exhibiting potent systemic efficacy against blood-feeding arthropods, e.g., bedbugs, fleas and ticks, via binding to arthropod specific glutamate-gated chloride channels. Intensive medicinal chemistry efforts employing a nodulisporic acid A template have led to the development of N-tert-butyl nodulisporamide as a product candidate for a once monthly treatment of fleas and ticks on companion animals. The source of the NAs is a monophyletic lineage of asexual endophytic fungal strains that is widely distributed in the tropics, tentatively identified as a Nodulisporium species and hypothesized to be the asexual state of a Hypoxylon species. METHODS AND RESULTS Inferences from GenBank sequences indicated that multiple researchers have encountered similar Nodulisporium endophytes in tropical plants and in air samples. Ascomata-derived cultures from a wood-inhabiting fungus, from Martinique and closely resembling Hypoxylon investiens, belonged to the same monophyletic clade as the NAs-producing endophytes. The hypothesis that the Martinique Hypoxylon collections were the sexual state of the NAs-producing endophytes was tested by mass spectrometric analysis of NAs, multi-gene phylogenetic analysis, and phenotypic comparisons of the conidial states. We established that the Martinique Hypoxylon strains produced an ample spectrum of NAs and were conspecific with the pantropical Nodulisporium endophytes, yet were distinct from H. investiens. A new species, H. pulicicidum, is proposed to accommodate this widespread organism. CONCLUSIONS AND SIGNIFICANCE Knowledge of the life cycle of H. pulicicidum will facilitate an understanding of the role of insecticidal compounds produced by the fungus, the significance of its infections in living plants and how it colonizes dead wood. The case of H. pulicicidum exemplifies how life cycle studies can consolidate disparate observations of a fungal organism, whether from environmental sequences, vegetative mycelia or field specimens, resulting in holistic species concepts critical to the assessment of the dimensions of fungal diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald F Bills
- Fundación MEDINA, Centro de Excelencia en Investigación de Medicamentos Innovadores en Andalucía, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Armilla, Granada, Spain.
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Pérez-Victoria I, Martín J, González-Menéndez V, de Pedro N, El Aouad N, Ortiz-López FJ, Tormo JR, Platas G, Vicente F, Bills GF, Genilloud O, Goetz MA, Reyes F. Isolation and structural elucidation of cyclic tetrapeptides from Onychocola sclerotica. J Nat Prod 2012; 75:1210-1214. [PMID: 22694270 DOI: 10.1021/np3000987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Three new cyclic tetrapeptides (1-3) have been isolated from the crude fermentation extract of Onychocola sclerotica. The planar structures of 1-3 were elucidated by detailed spectroscopic analyses using one- and two-dimensional NMR experiments and high-resolution mass spectrometry. The absolute configuration of the amino acid residues in each cyclotetrapeptide was established by Marfey's method. Compounds 1-3 displayed activity as cardiac calcium channel blockers (Cav1.2) but did not inhibit the hERG potassium channel and were not cytotoxic. These peptides are the first secondary metabolites ever reported from fungi of the order Arachnomycetales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Pérez-Victoria
- Fundación MEDINA, Centro de Excelencia en Investigación de Medicamentos Innovadores en Andalucía, Avenida del Conocimiento 3, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, E-18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain.
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Bills GF, Menéndez VG, Platas G. Kabatiella bupleuri sp. nov. (Dothideales), a pleomorphic epiphyte and endophyte of the Mediterranean plant Bupleurum gibraltarium (Apiaceae). Mycologia 2012; 104:962-73. [PMID: 22495450 DOI: 10.3852/12-003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Bupleurum gibraltarium is an evergreen shrub endemic to southern Spain and northern Algeria and Morocco. We have collected and cultured an undescribed Kabatiella species that is consistently associated with the flower rachises and leaves of B. gibraltarium in the province of Granada. The fungus forms melanized acervuli on overwintered flower rachises. It also can be isolated from yeast-like conidial masses that emerge from senescing leaves and from surface-disinfected healthy leaves. Like other Kabatiella species, the fungus forms blastic falcate to lunate conidia simultaneously from the apex of conidiogenous cells in acervuli. In culture, melanized single-septate conidia form blastically from the vegetative hyphae that accumulate in yeast-like masses. These conidia germinate by budding to form secondary yeast-like cells or directly as hyphae. In culture, the fungus behaves like, and could be confused with, Aureobasidium and Hormonema species. We describe the growth of this species in agar media and its phylogenetic position based on the analyses of nuclear ribosomal RNA gene sequences. This new species is a sister species of the morphologically similar clover pathogen, K. caulivora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald F Bills
- Fundación MEDINA, Centro de Excelencia en Investigación de Medicamentos Innovadores en Andalucía, Granada, Spain.
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16
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Xu D, Ondeyka J, Harris GH, Zink D, Kahn JN, Wang H, Bills G, Platas G, Wang W, Szewczak AA, Liberator P, Roemer T, Singh SB. Isolation, structure, and biological activities of Fellutamides C and D from an undescribed Metulocladosporiella (Chaetothyriales) using the genome-wide Candida albicans fitness test. J Nat Prod 2011; 74:1721-1730. [PMID: 21761939 DOI: 10.1021/np2001573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In a whole-cell mechanism of action (MOA)-based screening strategy for discovery of antifungal agents, Candida albicans was used, followed by testing of active extracts in the C. albicans fitness test (CaFT), which provides insight into the mechanism of action. A fermentation extract of an undescribed species of Metulocladosporiella that inhibited proteasome activity in a C. albicans fitness test was identified. The chemical genomic profile of the extract contained hypersensitivity of heterozygous deletion strains (strains that had one of the genes of the diploid genes knocked down) of genes represented by multiple subunits of the 25S proteasome. Two structurally related peptide aldehydes, named fellutamides C and D, were isolated from the extract. Fellutamides were active against C. albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus with MICs ranging from 4 to 16 μg/mL and against fungal proteasome (IC₅₀ 0.2 μg/mL). Both compounds showed proteasome activity against human tumor cell lines, potently inhibiting the growth of PC-3 prostate carcinoma cells, but not A549 lung carcinoma cells. In PC-3 cells compound treatment produced a G2M cell cycle block and induced apoptosis. Preliminary SAR studies indicated that the aldehyde group is critical for the antifungal activity and that the two hydroxy groups are quantitatively important for potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deming Xu
- Department of Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, USA
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Peláez F, Collado J, Platas G, Overy D, Martín J, Vicente F, González del Val A, Basilio A, De la Cruz M, Tormo J, Fillola A, Arenal F, Villareal M, Rubio V, Baral H, Galán R, Bills G. Phylogeny and intercontinental distribution of the pneumocandin-producing anamorphic fungusGlarea lozoyensis. Mycology 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/21501203.2010.544334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- F. Peláez
- f Spanish National Cancer Research Center , Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - J. Collado
- h Oficina Española de Patentes y Marcas , Departamento de Patentes e Información Tecnológica , Paseo de la Castellana 75, Madrid, E-28071, Spain
| | - G. Platas
- a Fundación MEDINA, Centro de Excelencia en Investigación de Medicamentos Innovadores en Andalucía, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud , Avda. de Conocimiento 3, E-18100, Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - D.P. Overy
- i University of Prince Edward Island, Duffy Research Center (NRC-INH) , 550 University Avenue, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - J. Martín
- a Fundación MEDINA, Centro de Excelencia en Investigación de Medicamentos Innovadores en Andalucía, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud , Avda. de Conocimiento 3, E-18100, Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - F. Vicente
- a Fundación MEDINA, Centro de Excelencia en Investigación de Medicamentos Innovadores en Andalucía, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud , Avda. de Conocimiento 3, E-18100, Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - A. González del Val
- g Centro de Investigación Básica, Merck, Sharp and Dohme de España , S.A. Josefa Valcárcel 38, Madrid, E-28026, Spain
| | - A. Basilio
- g Centro de Investigación Básica, Merck, Sharp and Dohme de España , S.A. Josefa Valcárcel 38, Madrid, E-28026, Spain
| | - M. De la Cruz
- a Fundación MEDINA, Centro de Excelencia en Investigación de Medicamentos Innovadores en Andalucía, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud , Avda. de Conocimiento 3, E-18100, Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - J.R. Tormo
- a Fundación MEDINA, Centro de Excelencia en Investigación de Medicamentos Innovadores en Andalucía, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud , Avda. de Conocimiento 3, E-18100, Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - A. Fillola
- g Centro de Investigación Básica, Merck, Sharp and Dohme de España , S.A. Josefa Valcárcel 38, Madrid, E-28026, Spain
| | - F. Arenal
- b PharmaMar S.A.U., Microbiology Department , R and D Drug Discovery , Edificio Parque Científico de Madrid, Santiago Grisolía 2, PTM, Tres Cantos, Madrid, E-28760, Spain
| | - M. Villareal
- c Centro de Ciencias Medioambientales , CSIC, Serrano 115-bis, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - V. Rubio
- c Centro de Ciencias Medioambientales , CSIC, Serrano 115-bis, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - H.O. Baral
- d Blaihofstrasse 42 , Tübingen, D-72074, Germany
| | - R. Galán
- e Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Facultad de Biología , Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares , Madrid, E-28871, Spain
| | - G.F. Bills
- a Fundación MEDINA, Centro de Excelencia en Investigación de Medicamentos Innovadores en Andalucía, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud , Avda. de Conocimiento 3, E-18100, Armilla, Granada, Spain
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Vicente F, Basilio A, Platas G, Collado J, Bills GF, González Del Val A, Martín J, Tormo JR, Harris GH, Zink DL, Justice M, Nielsen Kahn J, Peláez F. Distribution of the antifungal agents sordarins across filamentous fungi. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 113:754-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mycres.2009.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2008] [Revised: 01/10/2009] [Accepted: 02/18/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Ondeyka J, Harris G, Zink D, Basilio A, Vicente F, Bills G, Platas G, Collado J, Gonzáez A, de la Cruz M, Martin J, Kahn JN, Galuska S, Giacobbe R, Abruzzo G, Hickey E, Liberator P, Jiang B, Xu D, Roemer T, Singh SB. Isolation, structure elucidation, and biological activity of virgineone from Lachnum Wirgineum using the genome-wide Candida albicans fitness test. J Nat Prod 2009; 72:136-141. [PMID: 19115836 DOI: 10.1021/np800511r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A glycosylated tetramic acid, virgineone (1), was isolated from saprotrophic Lachnum virgineum. The antifungal activity of the fermentation extract of L. virgineum was characterized in the Candida albicans fitness test as distinguishable from other natural products tested. Bioassay-guided fractionation yielded 1, a tyrosine-derived tetramic acid with a C-22 oxygenated chain and a beta-mannose. It displayed broad-spectrum antifungal activity against Candida spp. and Aspergillus fumigatus with a MIC of 4 and 16 microg/mL, respectively. Virgineone was also identified in a number of Lachnum strains collected from diverse geographies and habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Ondeyka
- Natural Products Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, USA
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20
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Parish CA, de la Cruz M, Smith SK, Zink D, Baxter J, Tucker-Samaras S, Collado J, Platas G, Bills G, Díez MT, Vicente F, Peláez F, Wilson K. Antisense-guided isolation and structure elucidation of pannomycin, a substituted cis-decalin from Geomyces pannorum. J Nat Prod 2009; 72:59-62. [PMID: 19102658 DOI: 10.1021/np800528a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Antisense-based screening strategies can be used to sensitize a microorganism and selectively detect inhibitors against a particular cellular target of interest. A strain of Staphylococcus aureus that generates an antisense RNA against SecA,a central member of the protein secretion machinery, has been used to screen for novel antibacterials. Possible inhibitors of the SecA ATP-ase were selected with a high-throughput, two-plate agar-based whole cell differential sensitivity screen. After screening a library of over 115 000 natural products extracts with the SecA antisense strain, an extract of Geomyces pannorum was identified as providing increased activity against the sensitized strain as compared with the wild-type control. Bioassay-guided isolation of the active component from this fungal extract provided a new cis-decalin secondary metabolite, which we have named pannomycin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig A Parish
- Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, USA.
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21
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Zhang C, Ondeyka JG, Zink DL, Basilio A, Vicente F, Collado J, Platas G, Bills G, Huber J, Dorso K, Motyl M, Byrne K, Singh SB. Isolation, structure, and antibacterial activity of phaeosphenone from a Phaeosphaeria sp. discovered by antisense strategy. J Nat Prod 2008; 71:1304-1307. [PMID: 18570471 DOI: 10.1021/np8001833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Ribosomal protein S4 (RPSD), a part of the ribosomal small subunit, is one of the proteins that is a part of the ribosomal machinery and is a potential new target for the discovery of antibacterial agents. Continued screening of microbial extracts using antisense-sensitized rpsD Staphylococcus aureus strain led to the isolation of a new dimeric compound, phaeosphenone (2). Compound 2 showed broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, exhibiting MIC values ranging from 8 to 64 microg/mL. Phaeosphenone showed the highest sensitivity for Streptococcus pneumoniae (8 microg/mL) and inhibited the growth of Candida albicans with an MIC of 8 microg/mL. Phaeosphenone showed a modest selectivity for the inhibition of RNA synthesis over DNA and protein synthesis in S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaowei Zhang
- Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, USA
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22
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Parish CA, Smith SK, Calati K, Zink D, Wilson K, Roemer T, Jiang B, Xu D, Bills G, Platas G, Peláez F, Díez MT, Tsou N, McKeown AE, Ball RG, Powles MA, Yeung L, Liberator P, Harris G. Isolation and Structure Elucidation of Parnafungins, Antifungal Natural Products that Inhibit mRNA Polyadenylation. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:7060-6. [DOI: 10.1021/ja711209p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Craig A. Parish
- Natural Products Chemistry, Infectious Diseases, and Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck and Company, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, Center of Fungal Genetics, Merck Frosst Canada, Montreal, Quebec H2X 3Y8, Canada, and CIBE, Merck, Sharp & Dohme de España, S. A. Josefa Valcárcel, Madrid, Spain
| | - Scott K. Smith
- Natural Products Chemistry, Infectious Diseases, and Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck and Company, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, Center of Fungal Genetics, Merck Frosst Canada, Montreal, Quebec H2X 3Y8, Canada, and CIBE, Merck, Sharp & Dohme de España, S. A. Josefa Valcárcel, Madrid, Spain
| | - Kathleen Calati
- Natural Products Chemistry, Infectious Diseases, and Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck and Company, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, Center of Fungal Genetics, Merck Frosst Canada, Montreal, Quebec H2X 3Y8, Canada, and CIBE, Merck, Sharp & Dohme de España, S. A. Josefa Valcárcel, Madrid, Spain
| | - Deborah Zink
- Natural Products Chemistry, Infectious Diseases, and Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck and Company, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, Center of Fungal Genetics, Merck Frosst Canada, Montreal, Quebec H2X 3Y8, Canada, and CIBE, Merck, Sharp & Dohme de España, S. A. Josefa Valcárcel, Madrid, Spain
| | - Kenneth Wilson
- Natural Products Chemistry, Infectious Diseases, and Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck and Company, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, Center of Fungal Genetics, Merck Frosst Canada, Montreal, Quebec H2X 3Y8, Canada, and CIBE, Merck, Sharp & Dohme de España, S. A. Josefa Valcárcel, Madrid, Spain
| | - Terry Roemer
- Natural Products Chemistry, Infectious Diseases, and Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck and Company, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, Center of Fungal Genetics, Merck Frosst Canada, Montreal, Quebec H2X 3Y8, Canada, and CIBE, Merck, Sharp & Dohme de España, S. A. Josefa Valcárcel, Madrid, Spain
| | - Bo Jiang
- Natural Products Chemistry, Infectious Diseases, and Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck and Company, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, Center of Fungal Genetics, Merck Frosst Canada, Montreal, Quebec H2X 3Y8, Canada, and CIBE, Merck, Sharp & Dohme de España, S. A. Josefa Valcárcel, Madrid, Spain
| | - Deming Xu
- Natural Products Chemistry, Infectious Diseases, and Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck and Company, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, Center of Fungal Genetics, Merck Frosst Canada, Montreal, Quebec H2X 3Y8, Canada, and CIBE, Merck, Sharp & Dohme de España, S. A. Josefa Valcárcel, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gerald Bills
- Natural Products Chemistry, Infectious Diseases, and Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck and Company, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, Center of Fungal Genetics, Merck Frosst Canada, Montreal, Quebec H2X 3Y8, Canada, and CIBE, Merck, Sharp & Dohme de España, S. A. Josefa Valcárcel, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Platas
- Natural Products Chemistry, Infectious Diseases, and Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck and Company, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, Center of Fungal Genetics, Merck Frosst Canada, Montreal, Quebec H2X 3Y8, Canada, and CIBE, Merck, Sharp & Dohme de España, S. A. Josefa Valcárcel, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Peláez
- Natural Products Chemistry, Infectious Diseases, and Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck and Company, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, Center of Fungal Genetics, Merck Frosst Canada, Montreal, Quebec H2X 3Y8, Canada, and CIBE, Merck, Sharp & Dohme de España, S. A. Josefa Valcárcel, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Teresa Díez
- Natural Products Chemistry, Infectious Diseases, and Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck and Company, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, Center of Fungal Genetics, Merck Frosst Canada, Montreal, Quebec H2X 3Y8, Canada, and CIBE, Merck, Sharp & Dohme de España, S. A. Josefa Valcárcel, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nancy Tsou
- Natural Products Chemistry, Infectious Diseases, and Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck and Company, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, Center of Fungal Genetics, Merck Frosst Canada, Montreal, Quebec H2X 3Y8, Canada, and CIBE, Merck, Sharp & Dohme de España, S. A. Josefa Valcárcel, Madrid, Spain
| | - Arlene E. McKeown
- Natural Products Chemistry, Infectious Diseases, and Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck and Company, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, Center of Fungal Genetics, Merck Frosst Canada, Montreal, Quebec H2X 3Y8, Canada, and CIBE, Merck, Sharp & Dohme de España, S. A. Josefa Valcárcel, Madrid, Spain
| | - Richard G. Ball
- Natural Products Chemistry, Infectious Diseases, and Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck and Company, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, Center of Fungal Genetics, Merck Frosst Canada, Montreal, Quebec H2X 3Y8, Canada, and CIBE, Merck, Sharp & Dohme de España, S. A. Josefa Valcárcel, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mary Ann Powles
- Natural Products Chemistry, Infectious Diseases, and Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck and Company, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, Center of Fungal Genetics, Merck Frosst Canada, Montreal, Quebec H2X 3Y8, Canada, and CIBE, Merck, Sharp & Dohme de España, S. A. Josefa Valcárcel, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lai Yeung
- Natural Products Chemistry, Infectious Diseases, and Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck and Company, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, Center of Fungal Genetics, Merck Frosst Canada, Montreal, Quebec H2X 3Y8, Canada, and CIBE, Merck, Sharp & Dohme de España, S. A. Josefa Valcárcel, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paul Liberator
- Natural Products Chemistry, Infectious Diseases, and Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck and Company, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, Center of Fungal Genetics, Merck Frosst Canada, Montreal, Quebec H2X 3Y8, Canada, and CIBE, Merck, Sharp & Dohme de España, S. A. Josefa Valcárcel, Madrid, Spain
| | - Guy Harris
- Natural Products Chemistry, Infectious Diseases, and Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck and Company, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, Center of Fungal Genetics, Merck Frosst Canada, Montreal, Quebec H2X 3Y8, Canada, and CIBE, Merck, Sharp & Dohme de España, S. A. Josefa Valcárcel, Madrid, Spain
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Ayers S, Zink DL, Powell JS, Brown CM, Grund A, Bills GF, Platas G, Thompson D, Singh SB. Noreupenifeldin, a tropolone from an unidentified ascomycete. J Nat Prod 2008; 71:457-459. [PMID: 18095654 DOI: 10.1021/np070513k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Noreupenifeldin ( 2), a new monotropolone derivative of the bistropolone eupenifeldin ( 1), was isolated from an unidentified ascomycete by bioassay-guided fractionation as part of our search for new anthelmintics. The structure of 1 was confirmed by comparison with literature data. The structure of 2 was elucidated from MS and 1D and 2D NMR data. Compounds 1 and 2 are diastereomers of pycnidione ( 3) and epolone A ( 4), respectively. Compounds 1- 3 were evaluated for their anthelmintic activity against the parasitic worm Hemonchus contortus. Compounds 1 and 3 exhibited modest in vitro activity, showing EC 90 50 and 83 microg/mL, respectively, in reducing motility of L3 larvae of H. contortus. Compound 2 was inactive, indicating that the second tropolone moiety is required for activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sloan Ayers
- Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, USA
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24
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Bills GF, Platas G, Fillola A, Jiménez MR, Collado J, Vicente F, Martín J, González A, Bur-Zimmermann J, Tormo JR, Peláez F. Enhancement of antibiotic and secondary metabolite detection from filamentous fungi by growth on nutritional arrays. J Appl Microbiol 2008; 104:1644-58. [PMID: 18298532 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2008.03735.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS We asked to what extent does the application of the OSMAC (one strain, many compounds) approach lead to enhanced detection of antibiotics and secondary metabolites in fungi? Protocols for bacterial microfermentations were adapted to grow fungi in nutritional arrays. METHODS AND RESULTS Protocols for microfermentations of non-sporulating fungi were validated using known antifungal-producing fungi. Detection of antifungal activity was often medium dependent. The effects of medium arrays and numbers of strains on detection of antifungal signals were modelled by interpolation of rarefaction curves derived from matrices of positive and negative extracts. Increasing the number of fermentation media for any given strain increased the probability of detection of growth inhibition of Candida albicans. Increasing biodiversity increased detection of antifungal phenotypes, however, nutritional arrays could partly compensate for lost antibiotic phenotypes when biodiversity was limiting. CONCLUSIONS Growth and extraction in microtiter plates can enable a discovery strategy emphasizing low-cost medium arrays that can better exploit the metabolic potential of strains. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Increasing fermentation parameters raise the probability of detecting bioactive metabolites from strains. The protocols can be used to pre-select strains and their growth conditions for scale up that will most likely yield antibiotics and secondary metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- G F Bills
- Centro de Investigación Básica, Merck Sharp & Dohme de España, S.A., Madrid, Spain.
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Moreno G, Platas G, Peláez F, Bernedo M, Vargas A, Daza A, Santamaría C, Camacho M, Romero de la Osa L, Manjón JL. Molecular phylogenetic analysis shows that Amanita ponderosa and A. curtipes are distinct species. Mycol Prog 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s11557-007-0551-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Moreno G, Contu M, Ortega A, Platas G, Peláez F. Molecular phylogenetic studies show Omphalina giovanellae represents a new section of Clitopilus (Agaricomycetes). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 111:1399-405. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mycres.2007.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2007] [Accepted: 09/27/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Abstract
High-throughput bacterial cultivation has improved the recovery of slow-growing and previously uncultured bacteria. The most robust high-throughput methods are based on techniques of 'dilution to extinction' or 'extinction culturing'. The low-density partitioning of CFUs in tubes or microwells exploits the fact that the number of culturable species typically increases as inoculum density decreases. Bacterial high-throughput culturing methods were adapted to fungi to generate large numbers of fungal extinction cultures. The efficiency of extinction culturing was assessed by comparing it with particle filtration and automated plate-streaking. Equal volumes of particle suspension from five litter collections of the New Zealand forest tree Elaeocarpus dentatus were compared. Dilute particle suspensions of litter were pipetted into 48-well tissue culture plates containing 1 mL of agar medium per well. Particle volumes from the same samples were applied to continuous agar surfaces in Omnitray plates by automated streaking, and fungal diversity and richness were measured. The spectrum of isolates was assessed by microscopy and sequencing of the ITS or 28S region of the rRNA gene. Estimates of species diversity between the two methods were comparable, but extinction culturing increased species richness. Compared with plating methods using continuous surfaces, extinction culturing distributes fungal propagules over partitioned surfaces. Intercolony interactions are reduced, permitting longer incubation times, and colony initiation and recovery improved. Effort to evaluate and recover colonies from fungal isolation plates was substantially reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Collado
- Centro de Investigación Básica, Merck Sharp & Dohme de España, S.A., Madrid, Spain
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Collado J, Platas G, Bills GF, Basilio A, Vicente F, Tormo JR, Hernández P, Díez MT, Peláez F. Studies on Morinia: Recognition of Morinia longiappendiculata sp. nov. as a new endophytic fungus, and a new circumscription of Morinia pestalozzioides. Mycologia 2006; 98:616-27. [PMID: 17139855 DOI: 10.3852/mycologia.98.4.616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A new coelomycete, Morinia longiappendiculata sp. nov., isolated from living stems of four plant species in central Spain, is described. The distinctive morphological characteristics of this fungus are the production of conidia with long basal and apical appendages on filiform conidiogenous cells that contrasts with the short-appendaged conidia and cylindrical conidiogenic cells of the type species, M. pestalozzioides. Comparative sequence analysis of the ITS rDNA region and fragments of the translation elongation factor 1alpha, actin and chitin synthase 1 genes and the study of the HPLC profiles of the M. longiappendiculata and M. pestalozzioides isolates supported the recognition of the new species. Comparison of the ITS rDNA sequences of the Morinia isolates with GenBank sequences indicated that the genus belongs to the Amphisphaeriaceae with the highest similarity to Bartalinia and Truncatella. Bresadola's original definition of M. pestalozzioides is updated by adding information on conidiogenesis and molecular data. A lectotype and epitype are designated for the species. A study of bioactive metabolites revealed that M. pestalozzioides cultures produced moriniafungin, a novel sordarin analog with potent antifungal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Collado
- Centro de Investigación Básica, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck, Sharp and Dohme de España, josefa Valcárcel 38 E-28027 Madrid, España.
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29
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Basilio A, Justice M, Harris G, Bills G, Collado J, de la Cruz M, Diez MT, Hernandez P, Liberator P, Nielsen kahn J, Pelaez F, Platas G, Schmatz D, Shastry M, Tormo JR, Andersen GR, Vicente F. The discovery of moriniafungin, a novel sordarin derivative produced by Morinia pestalozzioides. Bioorg Med Chem 2006; 14:560-6. [PMID: 16183294 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2005.08.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2005] [Revised: 08/15/2005] [Accepted: 08/19/2005] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel sordarin derivative, moriniafungin (1), containing a 2-hydroxysebacic acid residue linked to C-3' of the sordarose residue of sordarin through a 1,3-dioxolan-4-one ring was isolated from the fungus Morinia pestalozzioides. Isolation of moriniafungin employed a highly specific bioassay consisting of a panel of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains containing chimeric eEF2 for Candida glabrata, Candida krusei, Candida lusitaniae, Crytpococcus neoformans, and Aspergillus fumigatus as well as wild type and human eEF2. Moriniafungin exhibited an MIC of 6 microg/mL versus Candida albicans and IC(50)'s ranging from 0.9 to 70 microg/mL against a panel of clinically relevant Candida strains. Moriniafungin was shown to inhibit in vitro translation in the chimeric S. cerevisae strains at levels consistent with the observed IC(50). Moriniafungin has the broadest antifungal spectrum and most potent activity of any natural sordarin analog identified to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Basilio
- Centro de Investigación Básica, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck, Sharp and Dohme de España, Josefa Valcárcel 38, 28027 Madrid, Spain
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Platas G, Peláez F, Collado J, Martínez H, Díez MT. Nutritional preferences of a group of Streptosporangium soil isolates. J Biosci Bioeng 2005; 88:269-75. [PMID: 16232610 DOI: 10.1016/s1389-1723(00)80008-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/1998] [Accepted: 06/20/1999] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The nutritional preferences of twelve strains of genus Streptosporangium were studied as a first step in the design of production media to be used in a natural products screening program. The media ingredients included 20 alpha-amino acids, 35 carbon sources (monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, polyalcohols and others), 22 complex sources (meals, peptones, yeast derivatives, etc.). The growth of these strains in the presence of these culture media ingredients and the production of inhibitory substances against Bacillus subtilis were analyzed in solid-phase cultures. The results show that the isolates studied did not exhibit a common trend in their preference of nutrient sources, either for to support their growth or the production of anti-B. subtilis substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Platas
- Centro de Investigación Básica, NPDD-Merck Research Laboratories, Merck, Sharp & Dohme de España, S.A., Josefa Valcárcel 38, E-28027 Madrid, Spain
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Zhang C, Ondeyka JG, Herath KB, Guan Z, Collado J, Platas G, Pelaez F, Leavitt PS, Gurnett A, Nare B, Liberator P, Singh SB. Tenellones A and B from a Diaporthe sp.: two highly substituted benzophenone inhibitors of parasite cGMP-dependent protein kinase activity. J Nat Prod 2005; 68:611-613. [PMID: 15844962 DOI: 10.1021/np049591n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Parasite cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG) has been recently validated as a biochemical target for the treatment of coccidiosis. To discover new anticoccidial leads, we have screened our library of natural product extracts for inhibitors of parasite PKG. Bioassay-guided fractionation of the microbial extracts has led to the discovery of tenellones A (2) and B (3), two new highly substituted benzophenones. The isolation, structure, and activity of these compounds are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaowei Zhang
- Natural Products Chemistry and Human and Animal Infectious Disease, Merck Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, USA
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Bills GF, Platas G, Gams W. Conspecificity of the cerulenin and helvolic acid producing 'Cephalosporium caerulens', and the hypocrealean fungus Sarocladium oryzae. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 108:1291-300. [PMID: 15587062 DOI: 10.1017/s0953756204001297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Fermentation processes for the biochemical reagents cerulenin and helvolic acid employ 'Cephalosporium caerulens,' an invalidly published designation that has been used for more than 40 years. However, its identity has never been critically examined because strains were unavailable from major culture collections. An authentic strain of C. caerulens', derived from the original strain KF-140, was recently found and compared to Sarocladium oryzae, another Acremonium-like fungus which also produces cerulenin and helvolic acid. Morphological comparisons, rDNA sequence data, and chromatography of secondary metabolites established that 'C. caerulens' and S. oryzae are conspecific. Sequence data from ribosomal DNA genes indicated S. oryzae belongs to the Hypocreales and is allied with members of the Ceratostomataceae, Scopinella species, Emericellopsis species and certain Acremonium-like anamorphs of uncertain familial relationships. At least two of the isolates of S. oryzae produced titres of cerulenin and helvolic acid similar to those of KF-140. This finding demonstrates that manufacture of cerulenin need not be limited to the original strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald F Bills
- Centro de Investigación Básica, Merck Sharp and Dohme de España, Josefa Valcárcel 38, ES-28027 Madrid, Spain.
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Parish CA, Huber J, Baxter J, González A, Collado J, Platas G, Diez MT, Vicente F, Dorso K, Abruzzo G, Wilson K. A new ene-triyne antibiotic from the fungus Baeospora myosura. J Nat Prod 2004; 67:1900-1902. [PMID: 15568786 DOI: 10.1021/np0497853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The isolation and structure elucidation of 1 from the Basidomycete fungus Baeospora myosura is described. This new ene-triyne antibiotic was most potent against Gram-positive bacteria, while it was less active against Gram-negative bacteria and a yeast. MICs against several strains of Staphylococcus aureus were as low as 0.001 microg/mL. Analogues of 1 that did not contain the ene-triyne moiety were inactive against all microorganisms tested. The isolation of this new natural product was complicated by the highly reactive nature of the conjugated terminal polyacetylene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig A Parish
- Merck Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065-0900, USA.
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Abstract
During a survey of 375 strains of the Xylariales, one isolate (F127076) was observed to have an ITS1 size of 833 bp. This size exceeds the average ITS1 size in the Xylariales (mean = 209 +/- 57 bp). Comparison of the DNA sequence with GenBank and with a proprietary DNA database revealed low homology with Xylaria hypoxylon ATCC 42768, and with one undescribed Xylaria species. When the ITS2 sequence was compared, these isolates were 96-98% homologous. Sequences of other variable genes confirmed the relatedness among these strains. A closer observation of the ITS sequence of this isolate revealed the presence of three repeated domains of 250 bp plus one truncated domain, showing 52-75% homology. Sequence similarity suggests that the repeated domain is derived from the fusion of the ITS1 with a DNA fragment derived from the gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase gene. This example suggests that the rate of evolution of ITS1 can be independent of the rate of evolution of other genes, even when this variability is not a result of slipped strand misspairing events like in other Xylariales. This observation also indicates that recombination with other nuclear genes could participate in the evolution of the internal transcribed spacer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Platas
- Centro de Investigacíon Básica, Merck Sharp & Dohme de España, S.A. Josefa Valcarcel 38, E-28027, Madrid, Spain.
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Acero FJ, Gonzalez V, Sanchez-Ballesteros J, Rubio V, Checa J, Bills GF, Salazar O, Platas G, Pelaez F. Molecular Phylogenetic Studies on the Diatrypaceae Based on rDNA-ITS Sequences. Mycologia 2004. [DOI: 10.2307/3762061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Acero FJ, González V, Sánchez-Ballesteros J, Rubio V, Checa J, Bills GF, Salazar O, Platas G, Peláez F. Molecular phylogenetic studies on the Diatrypaceae based on rDNA-ITS sequences. Mycologia 2004; 96:249-259. [PMID: 21148852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The order Diatrypales (Ascomycota) contains one single family, the Diatrypaceae. To obtain insight in the phylogenetic relationships within this family, the complete sequences of the ITS region (ITS1, 5.8S rRNA gene and ITS2) of 53 isolates from the five main genera in the family (Diatrype, Diatrypella, Cryptosphaeria, Eutypa and Eutypella) were determined and aligned for phylogenetic reconstruction. Sequence analysis revealed the presence of tandem repeated motifs 11 nucleotides-long, placed in homologous positions along the ITS1 region. Parsimony analysis established the existence of nine monophyletic groups and one branch with a single isolate of Eutypella quaternata. The phylogenetic relationships established by parsimony analysis did not correlate well with classical taxonomic schemes. None of the five genera included in this study was found to be monophyletic. The genera Diatrype, Eutypa and Cryptosphaeria each were divided into two groups. Isolates of Diatrype flavovirens appeared in a clade separated from the one that grouped Diatrype disciformis and the rest of Diatrype species. The Eutypa strains appeared distributed into two clades, one grouping Eutypa lata and related species (Eutypa armeniacae, Eutypa laevata, Eutypa petrakii), and another with the remaining species of the genus. Eutypella (excluding Eutypella quaternaria) appeared as an unstable monophyletic group, which was lost when the sequence alignment was subjected to neighbor-joining analysis. The genus Diatrypella was not associated with any monophyletic group, suggesting that the multisporate asci character has appeared several times during the evolution of the group. Overall, our study suggests the need to revise many of the concepts usually applied to the classification of members of the family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Javier Acero
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Campus Cantoblanco, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
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37
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Singh SB, Jayasuriya H, Dewey R, Polishook JD, Dombrowski AW, Zink DL, Guan Z, Collado J, Platas G, Pelaez F, Felock PJ, Hazuda DJ. Isolation, structure, and HIV-1-integrase inhibitory activity of structurally diverse fungal metabolites. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2003; 30:721-31. [PMID: 14714192 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-003-0101-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2003] [Accepted: 11/01/2003] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
HIV-1 integrase is a critical enzyme for replication of HIV, and its inhibition is one of the most promising new drug strategies for anti-retroviral therapy, with potentially significant advantages over existing therapies. In this report, a series of HIV-1 inhibitors isolated from the organic extract of fermentations from terrestrial fungi is described. These fungal species, belonging to a variety of genera, were collected from throughout the world following the strict guidelines of Rio Convention on Biodiversity. The polyketide- and terpenoid-derived inhibitors are represented by two naphthoquinones, a biphenyl and two triphenyls, a benzophenone, four aromatics with or without catechol units, a linear aliphatic terpenoid, a diterpenoid, and a sesterterpenoid. These compounds inhibited the coupled and strand-transfer reaction of HIV-1 integrase with an IC(50) value of 0.5-120 micro M. The bioassay-directed isolation, structure elucidation, and HIV-1 inhibitory activity of these compounds are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheo B Singh
- Natural Products Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, P. O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, USA.
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Gonzalez del Val A, Platas G, Arenal F, Orihuela JC, Garcia M, Hernández P, Royo I, De Pedro N, Silver LL, Young K, Vicente MF, Pelaez F. Novel illudins from Coprinopsis episcopalis (syn. Coprinus episcopalis), and the distribution of illudin-like compounds among filamentous fungi. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003; 107:1201-9. [PMID: 14635768 DOI: 10.1017/s0953756203008487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The illudins are a family of fungal sesquiterpenes that have been studied as anti-tumor agents, and they also have antibacterial activity. Over a four-year period, 25 304 fungal isolates (approximately 97% ascomycetes and 3% basidiomycetes), were screened for antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Illudin-like compounds with antibacterial and cytotoxic activity against tumor cell lines were observed in 10 basidiomycete strains. The isolates were recovered from different types of substrata using indirect methods and only formed sterile mycelia in pure culture. The isolates were genetically related but not identical, based on PCR-based fingerprinting techniques. DNA sequencing of the ITS1-5.8 S-ITS2 region of the strains revealed that nine had identical sequences, indicating that they were conspecific. The sequence of the remaining isolate was 96.34% similar, suggesting that it was a closely related species. The D1-D2 region of the 25 S rRNA gene of the two strain types was also sequenced. Both sequences were 99.39% similar, and Coprinopsis gonophylla (syn. Coprinus gonophyllus) was the closest match for both. Strains were grown in pure culture on a rice-based medium that allowed the development of basidiomata from one culture of the main strain type, which was identified as C. episcopalis, a close relative of C. gonophyllus. Both species (or strain types) produced different types of illudin-like compounds. Three novel illudins (I, I2 and J2) were found to be produced by the cultures identified as C. episcopalis, while only illudinic acid was produced by the other Coprinopsis sp. The taxonomical relationships of the Coprinops is species identified in this study with other illudin producers previously reported in the literature are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Gonzalez del Val
- Centro de Investigación Básica, Merck Sharp & Dohme Research Laboratories, Josefa Valcárcel 38, E-28027 Madrid, Spain.
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Arenal F, Platas G, Martin J, Asensio FJ, Salazar O, Collado J, Vicente F, Basilio A, Ruibal C, Royo I, De Pedro N, Peláez F. Comparison of genotypic and phenotypic techniques for assessing the variability of the fungus Epicoccum nigrum. J Appl Microbiol 2002; 93:36-45. [PMID: 12067372 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2672.2002.01654.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The diversity within a collection of worldwide isolates of Epicoccum nigrum has been studied using several phenotypic approaches. In addition, the abilities of phenotypic and genotypic techniques for the differentiation of a set of isolates are compared. METHODS AND RESULTS The methodology used include the study of isozymes (acetyl esterase and alkaline phosphatase), HPLC profile of metabolites and antibiotic activities against a panel of bacteria, yeasts and filamentous fungi, and cytotoxicity against three mammalian cell lines. Two procedures for assessing the relationships within a collection of isolates, using a combination of the techniques, were evaluated, comparing the advantages and disadvantages of each method. CONCLUSIONS The results showed that each individual technique allows differentiation of the isolates studied to some degree and that the information provided by each technique could be considered as complementary. Genotypic techniques were more powerful than the phenotypic ones to discriminate among the strains. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This work evaluates the predictive value of several phenotypic techniques on a collection of fungal isolates, and compares the results obtained with genotypic techniques performed on the same strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Arenal
- Centro de Investigación Basica Merck Sharp & Dohme de España S.A., Madrid, Spain
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Abstract
The production of halocins, bacteriocin-like proteins of ecological significance, is a frequent characteristic of species from the family Halobacteriaceae. Halocin H1, produced by Haloferax mediterranei strain M2a, is a single 31-kDa polypeptide. Its purification was achieved by combining two chromatographic systems: Sepharose 4B linked to bacitracin followed by hydroxylapatite Bio-gel HTP. Halocin H1 required concentrations of NaCl higher than 1.5 M to maintain its activity. Haoarchaeal strains showed a differential degree of sensitivity to the action of this halocin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Platas
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, Spain.
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41
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Polishook JD, Ondeyka JG, Dombrowski AW, Pelaez F, Platas G, Teran AM. Biogeography and Relatedness of Nodulisporium Strains Producing Nodulisporic Acid. Mycologia 2001. [DOI: 10.2307/3761673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Vicente MF, Cabello A, Platas G, Basilio A, Díez MT, Dreikorn S, Giacobbe RA, Onishi JC, Meinz M, Kurtz MB, Rosenbach M, Thompson J, Abruzzo G, Flattery A, Kong L, Tsipouras A, Wilson KE, Peláez F. Antimicrobial activity of ergokonin A from Trichoderma longibrachiatum. J Appl Microbiol 2001; 91:806-13. [PMID: 11722657 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2672.2001.01447.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Natural fungal products were screened for antifungal compounds. The mode of action of one of the hits found and the taxonomy of the producing organism were analysed. METHODS AND RESULTS An extract from a Trichoderma species showed a more potent activity in an agar-based assay against the null mutant fks1::HIS strain than against the wild-type strain, suggesting that it could contain a glucan synthesis inhibitor. The active component was identified as the known compound ergokonin A. The compound exhibited activity against Candida and Aspergillus species, but was inactive against Cryptococcus species. It induced alterations in the hyphal morphology of Aspergillus fumigatus. The identification of the producing isolate was confirmed by sequencing of the rDNA internal transcribed spacers and comparison with the sequences of other Trichoderma species. The analysis showed that the producing fungus had a high homology with other strains classified as Trichoderma longibrachiatum and its teleomorph Hypocrea schweinitzii. CONCLUSIONS The antifungal activity spectrum of ergokonin A and the morphology alterations induced on A. fumigatus are consistent with glucan synthesis as the target for ergokonin A. The production of ergokonin A is not uncommon, but is probably restricted to Trichoderma species. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The discovery that ergokonin A could be an inhibitor of glucan synthesis, having a structure very different to other inhibitors, increases the likelihood that orally active agents with this fungal-specific mode of action may be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Vicente
- Centro de Investigación Básica - Natural Products Drug Discovery, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck, Sharp and Dohme de España, Madrid, Spain.
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Collado J, Platas G, Pelaez F. Identification of an Endophytic Nodulisporium sp. from Quercus ilex in Central Spain as the Anamorph of Biscogniauxia mediterranea by rDNA Sequence Analysis and Effect of Different Ecological Factors on Distribution of the Fungus. Mycologia 2001. [DOI: 10.2307/3761753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Platas G, Acero J, Borkowski JA, González V, Portal MA, Rubio V, Sánchez-Ballesteros J, Salazar O, Peláez F. Presence of a simple tandem repeat in the ITS1 region of the Xylariales. Curr Microbiol 2001; 43:43-50. [PMID: 11375663 DOI: 10.1007/s002840010258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2000] [Accepted: 12/21/2000] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A Simple Tandem Repeat sequence of 11 nucleotides has been found in the ITS1 region of the rDNA of members of Order Xylariales. The number of repetitions detected ranged from one to six, and they could be found in pure tandem or interspersed. The same core sequences have also been found in DNA from other organisms, although usually not repeated in tandem. These repetitions could have been generated by slipped strand mispairing. The presence of this sequence increases the normal rate of divergence in the ITS1 of the Xylariales. The phylogenetic implications of the presence of this sequence in the molecular taxonomy of Xylariales are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Platas
- Centro de Investigación Básica, Natural Products Drug Discovery, Merck Sharp & Dohme Research Laboratories, Merck Sharp, & Dohme de España, S. A. Josefa Valcárcel 38. 28027, Madrid, Spain
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Cabello MA, Platas G, Collado J, Díez MT, Martín I, Vicente F, Meinz M, Onishi JC, Douglas C, Thompson J, Kurtz MB, Schwartz RE, Bills GF, Giacobbe RA, Abruzzo GK, Flattery AM, Kong L, Peláez F. Arundifungin, a novel antifungal compound produced by fungi: biological activity and taxonomy of the producing organisms. Int Microbiol 2001; 4:93-102. [PMID: 11770831 DOI: 10.1007/s101230100020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Echinocandins, the lipopeptide class of glucan synthase inhibitors, are an alternative to ergosterol-synthesis inhibitors to treat candidiasis and aspergillosis. Their oral absorption, however, is low and they can only be used parenterally. During a natural product screening program for novel types of glucan synthesis inhibitors with improved bioavailability, a fungal extract was found that inhibited the growth of both a wild-type Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain and the null mutant of the FKS1 gene (fks1::HIS). The mutant strain was more sensitive to growth inhibition, suggesting that the fungal extract could contain an inhibitor of glucan synthesis. A novel acidic steroid, named arundifungin, was purified from a fungal extract obtained from a liquid culture of Arthrinium arundinis collected in Costa Rica. Arundifungin caused the same pattern of hallmark morphological alterations in Aspergillus fumigatus hyphae as echinocandins, further supporting the idea that arundifungin belongs to a new class of glucan synthesis inhibitors. Moreover, its antifungal spectrum was comparable to those of echinocandins and papulacandins, preferentially inhibiting the growth of Candida and Aspergillus strains, with very poor activity against Cryptococcus. Arundifungin was also detected in nine other fungal isolates which were ecologically and taxonomically unrelated, as assessed by sequencing of the ITS1 region. Further, it was also found in two more Arthrinium spp from tropical and temperate regions, in five psychrotolerant conspecific isolates collected on Macquarie Island (South Pacific) and belonging to the Leotiales, and in two endophytes collected in central Spain (a sterile fungus belonging to the Leotiales and an undetermined coelomycete).
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Cabello
- Centro de Investigación Básica - Natural Products Drug Discovery, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck, Sharp & Dohme de España, Madrid, Spain.
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46
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González del Val A, Platas G, Basilio A, Cabello A, Gorrochategui J, Suay I, Vicente F, Portillo E, Jiménez del Río M, Reina GG, Peláez F. Screening of antimicrobial activities in red, green and brown macroalgae from Gran Canaria (Canary Islands, Spain). Int Microbiol 2001; 4:35-40. [PMID: 11770818 DOI: 10.1007/s101230100006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Extracts from 44 species of seaweed from Gran Canaria (Canary Islands, Spain) were screened for the production of antibacterial and antifungal compounds against a panel of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, mycobacteria, yeasts and fungi. A total of 28 species displayed antibacterial activity, of which six also showed antifungal activity. Asparagopsis taxiformis and Cymopolia barbata were the species with the strongest activities against the broadest spectrum of target microorganisms. All the species with antibacterial activity were active against gram-positive bacteria, whereas only two species, A. taxiformis and Osmundea hybrida, were active against mycobacteria. The production of secondary metabolites with antimicrobial activities by the macroalgae was also studied under different conditions, although no common trend for bioactivity was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A González del Val
- Center for Basic Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck Sharp & Dohme de España, Madrid.
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Vilella D, Sánchez M, Platas G, Salazar O, Genilloud O, Royo I, Cascales C, Martín I, Díez T, Silverman KC, Lingham RB, Singh SB, Jayasuriya H, Peláez F. Inhibitors of farnesylation of Ras from a microbial natural products screening program. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2000; 25:315-327. [PMID: 11320419 DOI: 10.1038/sj.jim.7000085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2000] [Accepted: 11/04/2000] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Mutant ras oncogenes are associated with various human tumors such as pancreas, colon, lung, thyroid, bladder and several types of leukemia. Prenylation of Ras proteins plays a major role in cell proliferation of both normal and cancerous cells. Normal and oncogenic Ras proteins are posttranslationally modified by a farnesyl group that promotes membrane binding. Inhibitors of farnesyl protein transferase (FPTase), the enzyme that catalyzes the prenylation of Ras proteins, inhibit growth of tumor cells. In an effort to identify structurally diverse and unique inhibitors of FPTase, a program devoted to screening of natural products was initiated. This effort led to the identification of 10 different families of compounds, all of which selectively inhibit FPTase with a variety of mechanisms that are reviewed in this manuscript. These compounds originated from the fermentations of a number of microorganisms, either actinomycetes or fungi, isolated from different substrates collected in tropical and temperate areas. A chemotaxonomic discussion on the distribution of each compound among single or different types of microorganisms, either phylogenetically related or unrelated species, is included.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Vilella
- Centro de Investigación Básica, Natural Products Drug Discovery, Merck Sharp and Dohme de España, S.A. Josefa Valcárcel 38, 28027 Madrid, Spain
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48
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Peláez F, Cabello A, Platas G, Díez MT, González del Val A, Basilio A, Martán I, Vicente F, Bills GE, Giacobbe RA, Schwartz RE, Onish JC, Meinz MS, Abruzzo GK, Flattery AM, Kong L, Kurtz MB. The discovery of enfumafungin, a novel antifungal compound produced by an endophytic Hormonema species biological activity and taxonomy of the producing organisms. Syst Appl Microbiol 2000; 23:333-43. [PMID: 11108011 DOI: 10.1016/s0723-2020(00)80062-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In a screening of natural products with antifungal activity derived from endophytic fungi, we detected a potent activity in a culture belonging to the form-genus Hormonema, isolated from leaves of Juniperus communis. The compound is a new triterpene glycoside, showing an antifungal activity highly potent in vitro against Candida and Aspergillus and with moderate efficacy in an in vivo mouse model of disseminated candidiasis. The agent is especially interesting since its antifungal spectrum and its effect on morphology of Aspergillus fumigatus is comparable to that of the glucan synthase inhibitor pneumocandin B,,, the natural precursor of the clinical candidate MK-0991 (caspofungin acetate). An additional search for other Hormonema isolates producing improved titers or derivatives resulted in the isolation of two more strains recovered from the same plant host showing identical activity. The producing isolates were compared with other non-producing Hormonema strains by DNA fingerprinting and sequencing of the rDNA internal transcribed spacers. Comparison of rDNA sequences with other fungal species suggests that the producing fungus could be an undetermined Kabatina species. Kabatina is a coelomycetous genus whose members are known to produce Hormonema-like states in culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Peláez
- Centro de Investigación Básica - Natural Products Drug Discovery, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck, Sharp and Dohme de España, Madrid, Spain.
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Sanchez-Ballesteros J, Gonzalez V, Salazar O, Acero J, Portal MA, Julian M, Rubio V, Bills GF, Polishook JD, Platas G, Mochales S, Pelaez F. Phylogenetic Study of Hypoxylon and Related Genera Based on Ribosomal ITS Sequences. Mycologia 2000. [DOI: 10.2307/3761591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Arenal F, Platas G, Martín J, Salazar O, Peláez F. Evaluation of different PCR-based DNA fingerprinting techniques for assessing the genetic variability of isolates of the fungus Epicoccum nigrum. J Appl Microbiol 1999; 87:898-906. [PMID: 10692074 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2672.1999.00946.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Thirty-six strains of the fungus Epicoccum nigrum, isolated from different substrata and ecosystems of Europe, America and Africa, were analysed using 14 molecular markers included in 5 different genetic fingerprinting techniques: AP-PCR, tDNA-PCR, microsatellite-primed PCR, ARDRA and AFLP. All of the techniques used were able to differentiate the isolates, showing a high genetic diversity within the species. However, the different techniques detected different levels of similarity among the strains; ARDRA shows the most homogeneous results whilst AP-PCR shows the most heterogeneous. The similarity indices achieved for each strain were compared for the different techniques. The distribution obtained by microsatellite-primed PCR was similar to those shown by AP-PCR techniques. tDNA-PCR and AFLP rendered similar distributions, and ARDRA showed remarkably different results from the other techniques. The results also reveal the lack of an overall correlation between geographical or ecological origin of the isolates and their genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Arenal
- Centro de Investigación Básica, Merck Sharp and Dohme de España, Madrid, Spain
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