[Clinical characteristics of non-eosinophilic and eosinophilic chronic sinusitis with nasal polyps]

Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics of non-eosinophilic and eosinophilic chronic sinusitis with nasal polyps.Method:Ninty-two patients with chronic sinusitis with nasal polyps were collected and divided into eosinophilic chronic sinusitis with nasal polyps(EOS CRSwNP) and non-eosinophilic chronic sinusitis with nasal polyps(NONEOS CRSwNP) by pathological classification. The clinical characteristics between the two types were compared. Result:NONEOS CRSwNP is more common in northern area of Fujian province(84.8%). NONEOS CRSwNP had the following clinical characteristics: one most nasal discharge was purulent; two more pyocysts can be seen in nasal polyps; three the proportion of eosinophils in the peripheral blood was mostly normal. Four mainly maxillary sinus lesions. EOS CRSwNP had the following characteristics: one most nasal discharge was mucous purulent; two bilateral sinus lesions were more common, mainly ethmoid sinus lesions; three the proportion of blood eosinophilic cells in peripheral blood was often increased. Ouroften accompanied by asthma, postoperative nasal polyps are prone to relapse, systemic steroid hormone is effective in the treatment of recurrent polyps.Conclusion:There are differences in clinical characteristics between eosinophilic and non-eosinophilic chronic sinusitis with nasal polyps. The ratio of eosinophils in peripheral blood, preoperative endoscopy and CT evaluation are helpful for the classification of chronic sinusitis with nasal polyps.

High dislocation density-induced large ductility in deformed and partitioned steels

A wide variety of industrial applications require materials with high strength and ductility. Unfortunately, the strategies for increasing material strength, such as processing to create line defects (dislocations), tend to decrease ductility. We developed a strategy to circumvent this in inexpensive, medium manganese steel. Cold rolling followed by low-temperature tempering developed steel with metastable austenite grains embedded in a highly dislocated martensite matrix. This deformed and partitioned (D and P) process produced dislocation hardening but retained high ductility, both through the glide of intensive mobile dislocations and by allowing us to control martensitic transformation. The D and P strategy should apply to any other alloy with deformation-induced martensitic transformation and provides a pathway for the development of high-strength, high-ductility materials.

Neuroprotective effects of tanshinones in transient focal cerebral ischemia in mice

Tanshinones are the major lipid soluble pharmacological constituents of Danshen, the dried roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Labiatae), a well known traditional Chinese medicine used for the treatment of cerebrovascular diseases including stroke. Potential neuroprotective effects of tanshinones IIA (TsIIA) and IIB (TsIIB) were examined in adult mice subjected to transient focal cerebral ischemia caused by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo). Our results revealed that TsIIA (16 mg/kg) readily penetrated the blood brain barrier reaching a peak concentration of 0.41 nmol/g brain wet weight 60 minutes after intraperitoneal injection and decreased slowly over several hours. Twenty-four hours after middle cerebral artery occlusion, brain infarct volume was reduced by 30% and 37% following treatment with TsIIA and TsIIB, respectively. The reduction in brain infarct volume was accompanied by a significant decrease in the observed neurological deficit. Tanshinones or other structurally related compounds may have potential for further development as neuroprotective drugs.