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Moon S, Han S, Jang IH, Ryu J, Rha MS, Cho HJ, Yoon SS, Nam KT, Kim CH, Park MS, Seong JK, Lee WJ, Yoon JH, Chung YW, Ryu JH. Airway epithelial CD47 plays a critical role in inducing influenza virus-mediated bacterial super-infection. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3666. [PMID: 38693120 PMCID: PMC11063069 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47963-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Respiratory viral infection increases host susceptibility to secondary bacterial infections, yet the precise dynamics within airway epithelia remain elusive. Here, we elucidate the pivotal role of CD47 in the airway epithelium during bacterial super-infection. We demonstrated that upon influenza virus infection, CD47 expression was upregulated and localized on the apical surface of ciliated cells within primary human nasal or bronchial epithelial cells. This induced CD47 exposure provided attachment sites for Staphylococcus aureus, thereby compromising the epithelial barrier integrity. Through bacterial adhesion assays and in vitro pull-down assays, we identified fibronectin-binding proteins (FnBP) of S. aureus as a key component that binds to CD47. Furthermore, we found that ciliated cell-specific CD47 deficiency or neutralizing antibody-mediated CD47 inactivation enhanced in vivo survival rates. These findings suggest that interfering with the interaction between airway epithelial CD47 and pathogenic bacterial FnBP holds promise for alleviating the adverse effects of super-infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungmin Moon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghan Han
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Hwan Jang
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Hologenomics and School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaechan Ryu
- Microenvironment and Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, INSERM U1224, Paris, France
| | - Min-Seok Rha
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Ju Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Sun Yoon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Taek Nam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Hoon Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Man-Seong Park
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, Vaccine Innovation Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Je Kyung Seong
- Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Genomics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Jae Lee
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Hologenomics and School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Heon Yoon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn Wook Chung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
- Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ji-Hwan Ryu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
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Rha MS, Kim G, Lee S, Jung CM, Lee YW, Noh HE, Jeong Y, Cho HJ, Kim CH. Type 1/17 CD103 + CD4 + nasal-resident memory T cells in non-eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. Allergy 2024. [PMID: 38445758 DOI: 10.1111/all.16094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Min-Seok Rha
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyeongyeob Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sol Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Min Jung
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Woo Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Eun Noh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonsu Jeong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Ju Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- The Airway Mucus Institute, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Hoon Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- The Airway Mucus Institute, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Oh J, Lee JS, Park MS, Kang YA, Cho HJ, Kim SY, Jung J, Yoon SO, Kim KW. Diagnosis of Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia via Whole Exome Sequencing and Histologic Findings. Yonsei Med J 2024; 65:48-54. [PMID: 38154480 PMCID: PMC10774650 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2023.0238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the diagnostic potential of whole-exome sequencing (WES) and elucidate the clinical and genetic characteristics of primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) in the Korean population. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-seven patients clinically suspected of having PCD were enrolled at a tertiary medical center. WES was performed in all patients, and seven patients received biopsy of cilia and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). RESULTS Overall, PCD was diagnosed in 10 (21.3%) patients: eight by WES (8/47, 17%), four by TEM. Among patients diagnosed as PCD based on TEM results, two patients showed consistent results with WES and TEM of PCD (2/4, 50%). In addition, five patients, who were not included in the final PCD diagnosis group, had variants of unknown significance in PCD-related genes (5/47, 10.6%). The most frequent pathogenic (P)/likely pathogenic (LP) variants were detected in DNAH11 (n=4, 21.1%), DRC1 (n=4, 21.1%), and DNAH5 (n=4, 21.1%). Among the detected 17 P/LP variants in PCD-related genes in this study, 8 (47.1%) were identified as novel variants. Regarding the genotype-phenotype correlation in this study, the authors experienced severe PCD cases caused by the LP/P variants in MCIDAS, DRC1, and CCDC39. CONCLUSION Through this study, we were able to confirm the value of WES as one of the diagnostic tools for PCD, which increases with TEM, rather than single gene tests. These results will prove useful to hospitals with limited access to PCD diagnostic testing but with relatively efficient in-house or outsourced access to genetic testing at a pre-symptomatic or early disease stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyoung Oh
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Children's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin-Sung Lee
- Center for Precision Medicine, Incheon Sejong Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Moo Suk Park
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Ae Kang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyung-Ju Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Song Yee Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jinsei Jung
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun Och Yoon
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Won Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Jung CM, Han M, Cho HJ, Kim CH, Jung I, Rha MS. Impact of Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions on the Incidence and Treatment of Chronic Rhinosinusitis during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6629. [PMID: 37892767 PMCID: PMC10607855 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12206629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Many countries have implemented non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) to prevent the spread of COVID-19. However, the impacts of NPIs on the epidemiology and treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) remain unclear. We analyzed 671,216 patients to investigate changes in the incidence rate and treatment frequency of CRS using Korean nationwide health insurance data between 2017 and 2021. The incidence rate (p < 0.001) and the number of outpatients (p < 0.001), patients hospitalized (p < 0.001), and patients prescribed antibiotics (p < 0.001) or steroids (p = 0.024) were significantly lower in the pandemic period than in the pre-pandemic period; however, the number of patients who underwent surgery was not different (p = 0.205). Additionally, the frequency of surgeries per patient was significantly lower in patients during the pandemic period (p < 0.001). In the interrupted time series analysis, the trends in the number of outpatients (p < 0.001), patients hospitalized (p < 0.001), patients who underwent surgery (p < 0.001), and patients prescribed antibiotics (p < 0.001) or steroids (p < 0.001) significantly changed after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. In summary, NPI implementation during the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with a reduction in the incidence and treatment of CRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Min Jung
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06319, Republic of Korea;
| | - Minkyung Han
- Biostatistics Collaboration Unit, Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hyung-Ju Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (H.-J.C.); (C.-H.K.)
- The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Hospital, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- The Korea Mouse Sensory Phenotyping Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Hoon Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (H.-J.C.); (C.-H.K.)
- The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Hospital, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- The Korea Mouse Sensory Phenotyping Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Inkyung Jung
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Seok Rha
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (H.-J.C.); (C.-H.K.)
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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Ahn SH, Shin KH, Oh JT, Park SC, Rha MS, Kim SI, Cho HJ, Yoon JH, Kim CH. Calprotectin in chronic rhinosinusitis eosinophil extracellular traps. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2023; 13:1926-1936. [PMID: 36932634 DOI: 10.1002/alr.23157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calprotectin is an antimicrobial peptide primarily secreted by neutrophils. Furthermore, calprotectin secretion increases in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with polyps (CRSwNP) and positively correlates with neutrophil markers. However, CRSwNP is known to be associated with type 2 inflammation related to tissue eosinophilia. Therefore, the authors investigated calprotectin expression in eosinophils and eosinophil extracellular traps (EETs) and explored the associations between tissue calprotectin and the clinical findings of patients with CRS. METHODS A total of 63 patients participated, and patients diagnosed with CRS were classified based on the Japanese Epidemiological Survey of Refractory Eosinophilic Chronic Rhinosinusitis (JESREC) score. The authors performed hematoxylin and eosin staining, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence with calprotectin, myeloperoxidase (MPO), major basic protein (MBP), and citrullinated histone H3 with the participant's tissues. Finally, correlations between calprotectin and the clinical data were examined. RESULTS Calprotectin-positive cells are co-localized not only in MPO-positive cells but also in MBP-positive cells in human tissues. Calprotectin was also involved in EETs and neutrophil extracellular traps. The number of calprotectin-positive cells in the tissue was positively correlated with the number of tissue and blood eosinophils. In addition, calprotectin in the tissue is associated with the olfactory function, Lund-Mackay computed tomography score, and JESREC score. CONCLUSIONS Calprotectin, known to be secreted by neutrophils, in CRS was also expressed in eosinophils. In addition, calprotectin, which functions as an antimicrobial peptide, may play an important role in the innate immune response based on its EET involvement. Therefore, calprotectin expression could reflect as a disease severity biomarker for CRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hyeon Ahn
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Bundang Jesaeng General Hospital, Daejin Medical Center, Seongnam, South Korea
- Department of Medicine, The Graduate School of Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyu Ha Shin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Bundang Jesaeng General Hospital, Daejin Medical Center, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Jun Taek Oh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Bundang Jesaeng General Hospital, Daejin Medical Center, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Sang Chul Park
- Department of otorhinolaryngology, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Min-Seok Rha
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soo In Kim
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Korea Mouse Sensory Phenotyping Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyung-Ju Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Korea Mouse Sensory Phenotyping Center, Seoul, South Korea
- The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Joo-Heon Yoon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Korea Mouse Sensory Phenotyping Center, Seoul, South Korea
- The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Global Research Laboratory for Allergic Airway Disease, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chang-Hoon Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Korea Mouse Sensory Phenotyping Center, Seoul, South Korea
- The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Medical Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Ha JG, Cho HJ. Unraveling the Role of Epithelial Cells in the Development of Chronic Rhinosinusitis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14229. [PMID: 37762530 PMCID: PMC10531804 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathophysiology of CRS is multifactorial and complex yet needs to be completed. Recent evidence emphasizes the crucial part played by epithelial cells in the development of CRS. The epithelial cells act as physical barriers and play crucial roles in host defense, including initiating and shaping innate and adaptive immune responses. This review aims to present a comprehensive understanding of the significance of nasal epithelial cells in CRS. New research suggests that epithelial dysfunction plays a role in developing CRS through multiple mechanisms. This refers to issues with a weakened barrier function, disrupted mucociliary clearance, and irregular immune responses. When the epithelial barrier is compromised, it can lead to the passage of pathogens and allergens, triggering inflammation in the body. Furthermore, impaired mucociliary clearance can accumulate pathogens and secretions of inflammatory mediators, promoting chronic inflammation. Epithelial cells can release cytokines and chemokines, which attract and activate immune cells. This can result in an imbalanced immune response that continues to cause inflammation. The interaction between nasal epithelial cells and various immune cells leads to the production of cytokines and chemokines, which can either increase or decrease inflammation. By comprehending the role of epithelial cells in CRS, we can enhance our understanding of the disease's pathogenesis and explore new therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Gyun Ha
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Chung-Ang University Gwangmyeong Hospital, Gwangmyeong 14353, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hyung-Ju Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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Park DY, Cho JH, Jung YG, Choi JH, Kim DK, Kim SW, Kim HJ, Kim HY, Park SK, Park CS, Yang HC, Lee SH, Cho HJ. Clinical Practice Guideline: Clinical Efficacy of Nasal Surgery in the Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea. Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol 2023; 16:201-216. [PMID: 36791806 PMCID: PMC10471902 DOI: 10.21053/ceo.2022.01361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common disorder characterized by upper airway obstruction during sleep. To reduce the morbidity of OSA, sleep specialists have explored various methods of managing the condition, including manifold positive airway pressure (PAP) techniques and surgical procedures. Nasal obstruction can cause significant discomfort during sleep, and it is likely that improving nasal obstruction would enhance the quality of life and PAP compliance of OSA patients. Many reliable studies have offered evidence to support this assumption. However, few comprehensive guidelines for managing OSA through nasal surgery encompass all this evidence. In order to address this gap, the Korean Society of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (KORL-HNS) and the Korean Society of Sleep and Breathing designated a guideline development group (GDG) to develop recommendations for nasal surgery in OSA patients. Several databases, including OVID Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and KoreaMed, were searched to identify all relevant papers using a predefined search strategy. The types of nasal surgery included septoplasty, turbinate surgery, nasal valve surgery, septorhinoplasty, and endoscopic sinus surgery. When insufficient evidence was found, the GDG sought expert opinions and attempted to fill the evidence gap. Evidence-based recommendations for practice were ranked according to the American College of Physicians' grading system. The GDG developed 10 key action statements with supporting text to support them. Three statements are ranked as strong recommendations, three are only recommendations, and four can be considered options. The GDG hopes that this clinical practice guideline will help physicians make optimal decisions when caring for OSA patients. Conversely, the statements in this guideline are not intended to limit or restrict physicians' care based on their experience and assessment of individual patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do-Yang Park
- Department of Otolaryngology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Jae Hoon Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Gi Jung
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Ho Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Dong-Kyu Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Sang-Wook Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju, Korea
| | - Hyun Jun Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Hyo Yeol Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo Kyoung Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Research Institute for Medical Science, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Chan Soon Park
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyung Chae Yang
- 9Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Seung Hoon Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea
| | - Hyung-Ju Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Park DY, Heo W, Kang M, Ahn T, Kim D, Choi A, Birnbaumer L, Cho HJ, Kim JY. Role of TRPC3 in Right Ventricular Dilatation under Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia in 129/SvEv Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11284. [PMID: 37511045 PMCID: PMC10379021 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) exhibit a high prevalence of pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular (RV) hypertrophy. However, the exact molecule responsible for the pathogenesis remains unknown. Given the resistance to RV dilation observed in transient receptor potential canonical 3(Trpc3)-/- mice during a pulmonary hypertension model induced by phenylephrine (PE), we hypothesized that TRPC3 also plays a role in chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) conditions, which lead to RV dilation and dysfunction. To test this, we established an OSA mouse model using 8- to 12-week-old 129/SvEv wild-type and Trpc3-/- mice in a customized breeding chamber that simulated sleep and oxygen cycles. Functional parameters of the RV were evaluated through analysis of cardiac cine magnetic resonance images, while histopathological examinations were conducted on cardiomyocytes and pulmonary vessels. Following exposure to 4 weeks of CIH, Trpc3-/- mice exhibited significant RV dysfunction, characterized by decreased ejection fraction, increased end-diastole RV wall thickness, and elevated expression of pathological cardiac markers. In addition, reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling and the endothelin system were markedly increased solely in the hearts of CIH-exposed Trpc3-/- mice. Notably, no significant differences in pulmonary vessel thickness or the endothelin system were observed in the lungs of wild-type (WT) and Trpc3-/- mice subjected to 4 weeks of CIH. In conclusion, our findings suggest that TRPC3 serves as a regulator of RV resistance in response to pressure from the pulmonary vasculature, as evidenced by the high susceptibility to RV dilation in Trpc3-/- mice without notable changes in pulmonary vasculature under CIH conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do-Yang Park
- Department of Otolaryngology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Woon Heo
- Department of Pharmacology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Miran Kang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeyoung Ahn
- Department of Pharmacology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - DoHyeon Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ayeon Choi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Lutz Birnbaumer
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC 27709, USA
- Institute of Biomedical Research (BIOMED), Catholic University of Argentina, Buenos Aires C1107AFF, Argentina
| | - Hyung-Ju Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Young Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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Ha JG, Kim BR, Cho A, Jeong Y, Rha MS, Kang JW, Cho HJ, Yoon JH, Kim CH. Visualization of the relationship between electrogustometry and whole mouth test using multidimensional scaling. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8798. [PMID: 37258535 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35372-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Interpreting the relationship between different taste function tests of different stimuli, such as chemical and electrical stimulation, is still poorly understood. This study aims to analyze visually as well as quantitatively how to interpret the relationship of results between taste function tests using different stimuli. Patients who underwent the whole mouth test and Electrogustometry (EGM) at a tertiary medical center between August 2018 and December 2018 were reviewed retrospectively with electronic medical records. Of the 110 patients, a total of 86 adults who self-reported that their taste function was normal through a questionnaire were enrolled. EGM measured the thresholds of the chorda tympani (CT) and glossopharyngeal nerve (GL) area of the tongue. The whole mouth test measured detection and recognition thresholds for sweet, salty, bitter, sour, and umami taste. Statistical analyses of Pearson's, Spearman's rank and polyserial correlation and multidimensional scaling (MDS) was performed. The EGM threshold for the average value of both CT regions and the recognition threshold of the whole mouth test were significantly correlated in sweet, salty, bitter, and sour taste (r = 0.244-0.398, P < 0.05), and the detection threshold was correlated only significant in sweet (r = 0.360, P = 0.007). In the MDS analysis results, the three-dimensional (D) solution was chosen over the 2-D solution because of the lower stress. Detection-, recognition threshold of whole mouth test and EGM thresholds of CT and GL area, those were standardized by Z-score, formed well-distinguished sections in the MDS analyses. The EGM threshold of the CT area was closer to the detection and recognition thresholds than the EGM threshold of the GL area. In general, the EGM threshold was closer to the recognition threshold than the detection threshold for each taste. Overall, visualization of the relationship of whole mouth test and EGM by MDS was in good agreement with quantitative analysis. EGM and whole mouth test seem to reflect different aspects of taste. However, when interpreting the EGM results, the EGM threshold of the CT area will show more similarity to the recognition threshold than the detection threshold for the whole mouth test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Gyun Ha
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Gwangmyeong Hospital, Gwangmyeong-Si, Korea
| | - Bo-Ra Kim
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ara Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeonsu Jeong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min-Seok Rha
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ju-Wan Kang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyung-Ju Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, Korea
- The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Korea Mouse Sensory Phenotyping Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joo-Heon Yoon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, Korea
- The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Korea Mouse Sensory Phenotyping Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Global Research Laboratory for Allergic Airway Diseases, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang-Hoon Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, Korea.
- The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
- Global Research Laboratory for Allergic Airway Diseases, Seoul, Korea.
- Medical Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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10
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Cho HJ, Chung YW, Moon S, Seo JH, Kang M, Nam JS, Lee SN, Kim CH, Choi AMK, Yoon JH. IL-4 drastically decreases deuterosomal and multiciliated cells via alteration in progenitor cell differentiation. Allergy 2023. [PMID: 36883528 DOI: 10.1111/all.15705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergic inflammation affects the epithelial cell populations resulting in goblet cell hyperplasia and decreased ciliated cells. Recent advances in single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) have enabled the identification of new cell subtypes and genomic features of single cells. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of allergic inflammation in nasal epithelial cell transcriptomes at the single-cell level. METHODS We performed scRNAseq in cultured primary human nasal epithelial (HNE) cells and in vivo nasal epithelium. The transcriptomic features and epithelial cell subtypes were determined under IL-4 stimulation, and cell-specific marker genes and proteins were identified. RESULTS We confirmed that cultured HNE cells were similar to in vivo epithelial cells through scRNAseq. Cell-specific marker genes were utilized to cluster the cell subtypes, and FOXJ1+ -ciliated cells were sub-classified into multiciliated and deuterosomal cells. PLK4 and CDC20B were specific for deuterosomal cells, and SNTN, CPASL, and GSTA2 were specific for multiciliated cells. IL-4 altered the proportions of cell subtypes, resulting in a decrease in multiciliated cells and loss of deuterosomal cells. The trajectory analysis revealed deuterosomal cells as precursor cells of multiciliated cells and deuterosomal cells function as a bridge between club and multiciliated cells. A decrease in deuterosomal cell marker genes was observed in nasal tissue samples with type 2 inflammation. CONCLUSION The effects of IL-4 appear to be mediated through the loss of the deuterosomal population, resulting in the reduction in multiciliated cells. This study also newly suggests cell-specific markers that might be pivotal for investigating respiratory inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung-Ju Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Youn Wook Chung
- Global Research Laboratory for Allergic Airway Disease, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sungmin Moon
- Global Research Laboratory for Allergic Airway Disease, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ju Hee Seo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Miran Kang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae Sung Nam
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang-Nam Lee
- Global Research Laboratory for Allergic Airway Disease, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chang-Hoon Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Augustine M K Choi
- Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College and New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York, USA
| | - Joo-Heon Yoon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Global Research Laboratory for Allergic Airway Disease, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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11
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Rha MS, Jeong Y, Alyahya KA, Yoon JH, Kim CH, Cho HJ. Comparison of clinical features and surgical outcomes between hypopnea- and apnea-predominant obstructive sleep apnea. Clin Otolaryngol 2023; 48:167-174. [PMID: 36321192 DOI: 10.1111/coa.13998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study is aimed to investigate the differences in the clinical features and surgical outcomes between hypopnea- and apnea-predominant obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). DESIGN Cohort study. SETTING Single tertiary care centre. PARTICIPANTS This study included 190 patients with OSA who underwent multilevel upper airway surgery between September 2012 and September 2021. The patients were divided into two groups according to the proportion of each respiratory event: hypopnea-predominant (n = 102) and apnea-predominant (n = 88). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome measure was the percentage improvement in the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) from baseline AHI after surgery. RESULTS The apnea-predominant group included more male patients and had higher AHI, respiratory disturbance index (RDI) and oxygen desaturation index (ODI) than the hypopnea-predominant group. Both groups showed significant improvements in AHI, apnea index, RDI, supine AHI, REM AHI, non-REM AHI, ODI, lowest O2 saturation and Epworth Sleepiness Scale scores following the surgery. Notably, hypopnea index increased after surgery in the apnea-predominant OSA group. Although the improvement in the absolute value of AHI by surgery was significantly greater in the apnea-predominant group than in the hypopnea-predominant group, the two groups showed no significant difference in the percentage improvement in AHI from baseline AHI. CONCLUSION Patients with apnea-predominant OSA had more severe disease than those with hypopnea-predominant OSA; however, surgical outcomes, as evaluated by percentage AHI improvement, were comparable between the two groups. In addition, multilevel upper airway surgery may induce the transition from apnea to hypopnea in patients with apnea-predominant OSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Seok Rha
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonsu Jeong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Khalid A Alyahya
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Joo-Heon Yoon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,The Korea Mouse Sensory Phenotyping Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Global Research Laboratory for Allergic Airway Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Hoon Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,The Korea Mouse Sensory Phenotyping Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Taste Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Ju Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,The Korea Mouse Sensory Phenotyping Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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12
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Rha MS, Jeong Y, Kim CH, Yoon JH, Cho HJ. Clinical Characteristics and Surgical Outcomes of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients With Mixed Apnea Components. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2023; 168:521-527. [PMID: 35671146 DOI: 10.1177/01945998221103800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was aimed to investigate clinical implications of mixed apnea (MA) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), particularly whether surgical outcomes differ between OSA patients with and without MA events. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTING Single tertiary medical center. METHODS Eighty-eight patients with OSA who underwent multilevel upper airway surgery were included. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to the presence of MA events: "pure group" (n = 30) and "mixed group" (n = 58). The clinical characteristics and surgical outcomes were compared between the 2 groups. RESULTS The mixed group included more males (P = .020) and hypertensive patients (P = .009) and had a higher apnea-hypopnea index (AHI; P < .001) than the pure group. The surgical success rate was lower in the mixed group (29.3%) than in the pure group (73.3%; P < .001). Furthermore, the postoperative improvements in total AHI (P < .001), supine AHI (P < .001), and oxygen desaturation index (P = .006) were lower in the mixed group than in the pure group. Logistic regression analysis confirmed that the presence of MA (P = .002) was an independent predictor of poor surgical outcomes in patients with OSA. CONCLUSION OSA patients with MA showed different clinical features and poor surgical outcomes compared to those without MA. These results imply that OSA with MA components may have a distinct pathophysiology, and the presence of MA should be considered in the surgical treatment of OSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Seok Rha
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonsu Jeong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Hoon Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- The Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Taste Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Heon Yoon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- The Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Global Research Laboratory for Allergic Airway Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Ju Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- The Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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13
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Kim BR, Rha MS, Cho HJ, Yoon JH, Kim CH. Spatiotemporal dynamics of the development of mouse olfactory system from prenatal to postnatal period. Front Neuroanat 2023; 17:1157224. [PMID: 37113675 PMCID: PMC10126376 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2023.1157224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The olfactory epithelium (OE) and olfactory bulb (OB) are the major components of the olfactory system and play critical roles in olfactory perception. However, the embryonic development of OE and OB by using the olfactory specific genes has not been comprehensively investigated yet. Most previous studies were limited to a specific embryonic stage, and very little is known, till date, about the development of OE. Methods The current study aimed to explore the development of mouse olfactory system by spatiotemporal analysis of the histological features by using the olfactory specific genes of olfactory system from the prenatal to postnatal period. Results We found that OE is divided into endo-turbinate, ecto-turbinate, and vomeronasal organs, and that putative OB with putative main and accessory OB is formed in the early developmental stage. The OE and OB became multilayered in the later developmental stages, accompanied by the differentiation of olfactory neurons. Remarkably, we found the development of layers of olfactory cilia and differentiation of OE to progress dramatically after birth, suggesting that the exposure to air may facilitate the final development of OE. Discussion Overall, the present study laid the groundwork for a better understanding of the spatial and temporal developmental events of the olfactory system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Ra Kim
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Seok Rha
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Ju Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Korea Mouse Sensory Phenotyping Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Heon Yoon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Korea Mouse Sensory Phenotyping Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Global Research Laboratory for Allergic Airway Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Hoon Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Korea Mouse Sensory Phenotyping Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Global Research Laboratory for Allergic Airway Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Taste Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- *Correspondence: Chang-Hoon Kim,
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14
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Cho HJ, Ha JG, Kim CH. The YSK Olfactory Function Test: Development of a New Korean Olfactory Test. J Rhinol 2022. [DOI: 10.18787/jr.2021.00379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Olfaction is an important aspect of quality of life, beyond simply smelling food and recognizing danger. Recently, research has focused on its association with various diseases, such as neurodegenerative diseases or viral infections. The evaluation of olfactory function must take into consideration the cultural experience of the target group. A new Korean culturefriendly olfactory function test, the YSK olfactory function test (YOF test, Kimex Co.), uses safe odorants, such as phenyl-ethyl alcohol (PEA) (not n-butanol), for the threshold test. Furthermore, odorants in the YOF identification test reflect each of eight major chemical functional groups. The diagnostic cut-off for anosmia was a Threshold Discrimination Identification (TDI) score of ≤14.5 and that for hyposmia was 14.5<TDI≤21.0. The YOF test showed relevant diagnostic validity for olfactory dysfunction when compared with the Korean version of the Sniffin’ Stick-II test. In this review, we share our experiences developing a new Korean-friendly olfactory function test.
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15
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Yang S, Bae S, Seo J, Cho HJ, Kim CH, Ha JG. A Case of Nasal Septum Gossypiboma 14 Years After Septorhinoplasty. J Rhinol 2022. [DOI: 10.18787/jr.2021.00369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Gossypiboma, an infrequent surgical complication, describes a mass of cotton material inadvertently left in the body cavity after an operation. It is an extremely rare iatrogenic complication of nasal surgery, with only a few cases reported in literature to date. Here we present a case of gossypiboma in the nasal septum of a 35-year-old male patient who previously underwent septorhinoplasty fourteen years prior. He was treated by endoscopic endonasal surgery to remove the lesion. Pathologic findings showed a foreign body (gauze filament) with a giant cell reaction. This report will be helpful for treating patients with similar histories in the future.
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16
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Lee SN, Yoon SA, Song JM, Kim HC, Cho HJ, Choi AMK, Yoon JH. Cell-Type Specific Expression of Hyaluronan Synthases HAS2 and HAS3 Promotes Goblet Cell Hyperplasia in Allergic Airway Inflammation. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2022; 67:360-374. [PMID: 35679095 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2021-0527oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a multifactorial airway disease characterized by basal and goblet cell hyperplasia. Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a major component of extracellular matrix and a critical contributor to tissue repair and remodeling after injury. We previously demonstrated that the intermediate progenitor cell (IPC) surface marker CD44v3 is upregulated in the basal and suprabasal layers of well-differentiated primary human nasal epithelial (HNE) cells after stimulation with the Th2 cytokine interleukin (IL)-4, and an antibody blocking the CD44v3-HA interaction suppressed IL-4-induced goblet cell hyperplasia. We now show that the expression of HA and two HA synthases, HAS2 and HAS3, was upregulated in both the nasal surface epithelium of subjects with AR and IL-4-stimulated HNE cells. Inhibition of HA synthesis by 4-methylumbelliferone (4-MU) suppressed IL-4-induced goblet cell hyperplasia. Moreover, HAS2 and HAS3 were expressed in IPCs depending on the differentiation events, as follows: the rapid, transient upregulation of HAS2 induced basal IPC proliferation and basal-to-suprabasal transition, whereas the delayed upregulation of HAS3 promoted the transition of suprabasal IPCs to a goblet cell fate. 4-MU treatment in house dust mite-induced murine AR model attenuated goblet cell metaplasia. Lastly, HA levels in nasal epithelial lining fluids from AR patients positively correlated with the levels of mediators causing allergic inflammation. These data suggest that HA produced following the sequential upregulation of HAS2 and HAS3 contributes to goblet cell hyperplasia in allergic airway inflammation and modulates disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Nam Lee
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Seol Ah Yoon
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Ji Min Song
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Hyung Chul Kim
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Hyung-Ju Cho
- Yonsei university college of medicine, otorhinolaryngology, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Augustine M K Choi
- Cornell University Joan and Sanford I Weill Medical College, 12295, New York, New York, United States
| | - Joo-Heon Yoon
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of);
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Cho A, Jung Y, Park JH, Jeong Y, Cho HJ. Clinical Manifestations and Surgical Treatment Outcomes of Paranasal Sinus Osteoma. J Rhinol 2022. [DOI: 10.18787/jr.2021.00388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Osteomas are the most common benign tumors of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses (PNSs). In this study, clinical features and imaging findings were analyzed in patients with osteoma confirmed by ostiomeatal unit (OMU) computed tomography (CT) and PNS CT, and the surgical treatment performed at our hospital was introduced.Methods: The Severance Clinical Research Analysis Portal (SCRAP) service of Severance Hospital was used to collect research data. A total of 128 cases of osteomas of the nasal cavity or PNSs confirmed by OMU CT or PNS CT was retrospectively reviewed, including the location and size of the osteoma, clinical features, accompanying findings on imaging tests, and cases of surgical treatment.Results: In this study, osteomas were found in about 0.55% of patients who underwent computed tomography. Osteomas were most frequently found in the ethmoid sinus, followed by the frontal sinus, fronto-ethmoid sinus, maxillary sinus, intranasal sphenoid sinus, and maxillary sinus-ethmoid sinus. Patients with osteomas complained of symptoms such as rhinorrhea, postnasal drip, nasal congestion, hyposmia, headache, visual disturbance, and lacrimal duct obstruction.Conclusion: Surgical treatment was considered for patients presenting with severe headache, visual field symptoms, or accompanying rhinosinusitis. Surgery was performed by endoscopic or external approaches depending on location and size of the osteoma.
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Kim J, Ha JG, Cho HJ. Development of Central Sleep Apnea After Sleep Surgery. J Rhinol 2022. [DOI: 10.18787/jr.2021.00386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Central sleep apnea (CSA) is defined as an absence of breathing without respiratory drive during sleep. It can occur after treatment of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), a phenomenon known as treatment-emergent central sleep apnea (TECSA). We present a case of a 23-year-old male who developed CSA after pharyngeal and nasal surgery for severe OSA. High loop gain and increased ventilations from frequent arousal are likely explanations for our patient’s central apnea, which resolved with positive airway pressure therapy that possibly alleviated residual airway obstruction and ventilatory instability. This case suggests that effectiveness of treatment for OSA should be based on careful long-term observation with multiple follow-up polysomnography tests, especially in patients at high risk of TECSA.
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Kim A, Cho HJ, Choi EK, Choi YJ. Improvement of obstructive sleep apnea in a child with Down syndrome with rapid palatal expansion. J Clin Sleep Med 2022; 18:1885-1888. [PMID: 35332867 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.9968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Children with Down syndrome (DS) have distinct orofacial structures that predispose them to sleep-disordered breathing. The management options for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) include continuous positive airway pressure, adenotonsillectomy, mandibular advancement, and maxillary expansion. However, most of these treatment options are less effective or less viable for children with DS. Rapid maxillary expansion (RPE) with a fixed orthodontic appliance is a viable alternative for DS patients because it separates the mid-palatal suture and dilates the airway, regardless of the patient's adherence. We present a case of a 15-year-old boy with DS and severe OSA, which dramatically improved with RPE and subsequent orthodontic treatment. Although only the short-term changes have been presented in this report, this case emphasizes the need for further discussions on the viability of RPE for treating OSA in children with DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahhyeon Kim
- Department of Orthodnotics, The Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyung-Ju Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun Kyoung Choi
- College of Nursing and Mo-Im Kim Nursing Research Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoon Jeong Choi
- Department of Orthodnotics, The Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
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Jeon YJ, Lee TH, Joo YH, Cho HJ, Kim SW, Park B, Choi HG. Increased risk of cardiovascular diseases in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis: a longitudinal follow-up study using a national health screening cohort. Rhinology 2022; 60:29-38. [PMID: 35157750 DOI: 10.4193/rhin21-211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is one of the most common chronic inflammatory diseases and is characterized by sinonasal inflammation that lasts longer than 12 weeks. Whether the effect of chronic inflammation caused by CRS on cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is similar to its effect on other inflammatory disorders has not been thoroughly evaluated. We aimed to demonstrate whether CRS patients have a higher prevalence of CVDs, including stroke and ischemic heart disease (IHD). METHODOLOGY We compared the prevalence of various comorbidities between CRS and control participants through a case-control cohort study from 2002 to 2015 that included 514,866 participants. CRS (n=6,552) and control (n=26,208) participants who were over 40 years old were selected by matching age, sex, income, and area of residence at a 1:4 ratio. RESULTS A stratified Cox proportional hazards model was utilized to assess the hazard ratio (HR) of CRS for stroke and IHD. The HRs for stroke and IHD were significantly increased in CRS patients compared to controls after adjusting for obesity, alcohol consumption, smoking, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, hemoglobin, and Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) scores. The HR of stroke was significantly higher in the absence of nasal polyps than in the presence of nasal polyps. The HR of IHD was significantly increased in the CRS group regardless of the presence of nasal polyps. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that CRS participants had a significantly higher prevalence of stroke and IHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Jeon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - T H Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Y H Joo
- Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Republic of Korea
| | - H J Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - S W Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - B Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Republic of Korea
| | - H G Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Republic of Korea
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21
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Nam JS, Roh YH, Kim J, Chang SW, Ha JG, Park JJ, Fahad WA, Yoon JH, Kim CH, Cho HJ. Association between diabetes mellitus and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps: A population-based cross-sectional study. Clin Otolaryngol 2021; 47:167-173. [PMID: 34725914 DOI: 10.1111/coa.13884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between physician-diagnosed diabetes mellitus (DM) and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) phenotypes in a national population-based study. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective cross-sectional study. SETTING Population-based survey data were collected by the Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey between January 2008 and December 2012. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS A total of 34 670 participants aged over 19 years were enrolled in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys from 2008 to 2012. The relationship of CRS prevalence, with and without nasal polyps, with physician-diagnosed DM and non-DM were assessed. Differences in sinonasal symptoms between patients with and without DM were analysed in this cross-sectional study. RESULTS A significant association was observed between DM and CRS with nasal polyps after adjustment for multiple variables. No substantial association was observed between DM and CRS without nasal polyps. Among patients with CRS, olfactory dysfunction for >3 months was significantly more frequent in the DM group than in the non-DM group. CONCLUSION We demonstrated significant associations between DM and CRS with nasal polyps and olfactory dysfunction among patients with CRS in a large national clinical cohort study. The direct mechanism of the association between DM and CRS with nasal polyps should be further investigated to clarify the pathogenesis of CRS with nasal polyps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Sung Nam
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yun-Ho Roh
- Department of Medical Statistics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jungghi Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Suk-Won Chang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong-Gyun Ha
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University Yongin Severance Hospital, Yongin, Korea
| | - Jeong-Jin Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Wasan Almazouq Fahad
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Joo-Heon Yoon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Korea Mouse Sensory Phenotyping Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang-Hoon Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Korea Mouse Sensory Phenotyping Center, Seoul, Korea.,Taste Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyung-Ju Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Korea Mouse Sensory Phenotyping Center, Seoul, Korea
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22
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Park SC, Nam JS, Lee KI, Lee YW, Park JJ, Ha JG, Cho HJ, Yoon JH, Kim CH. Effectiveness of cross-linked human acellular dermal matrix in primary and revision augmentation rhinoplasty. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2021; 75:1447-1454. [PMID: 34955393 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2021.09.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Among the materials used for dorsal augmentation rhinoplasty (DAR), cross-linked human acellular dermal matrix (ADM) has been claimed for its low risk of infection and extrusion. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of ADM in subjects undergoing primary versus revision dorsal augmentation rhinoplasties. METHODS Using a retrospective cohort study design, the investigators enrolled a cohort set of DAR patients operated by a single surgeon during a 65-month interval. The predictor variable was the treatment group (primary or revision DAR). The main outcome variables were postoperative changes with regard to the degree of augmentation (ratio of the dorsal height [DH] and radix height [RH] to the nasal length) and patients' and surgeons' satisfaction with the aesthetic and functional results. Other study variables were grouped into the following categories: demographic, surgical, and pathological. Descriptive, uni-, and bivariate statistics were computed using P ≤ 0.05 as a cutoff value. RESULTS The study cohort comprised 145 subjects (75.2% with primary DAR; 39.3% females) with a mean age of 30.7 ± 9.4 years (range, 19-58). DAR was linked to the significant changes in DH and RH in both the treatment groups. Comparison of the two groups revealed that there was no significant difference in DH and RH between both the groups. Surgeons' and patients' satisfaction rates were comparable between the two surgery groups, neither of which experienced serious complications. Microscopic findings of the removed ADM showed abundant collagen tissue with newly formed vessels without signs of foreign body reaction. CONCLUSION Despite significant differences in patient characteristics (age; number of osteotomy, tip plasty, and hump reduction surgeries), the results of this study suggest that ADM can be used in both primary and revision DAR, with minimal complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Chul Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck surgery, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Sung Nam
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-In Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Woo Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Jin Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Gyun Ha
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Ju Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Heon Yoon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Hoon Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Medical Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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23
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Ryu S, Kim JH, Yu H, Jung HD, Chang SW, Park JJ, Hong S, Cho HJ, Choi YJ, Choi J, Lee JS. Diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea with prediction of flow characteristics according to airway morphology automatically extracted from medical images: Computational fluid dynamics and artificial intelligence approach. Comput Methods Programs Biomed 2021; 208:106243. [PMID: 34218170 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2021.106243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is being observed in an increasing number of cases. It can be diagnosed using several methods such as polysomnography. OBJECTIVES To overcome the challenges of time and cost faced by conventional diagnostic methods, this paper proposes computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and machine-learning approaches that are derived from the upper-airway morphology with automatic segmentation using deep learning. METHOD We adopted a 3D UNet deep-learning model to perform medical image segmentation. 3D UNet prevents the feature-extraction loss that may occur by concatenating layers and extracts the anteroposterior coordination and width of the airway morphology. To create flow characteristics of the upper airway training data, we analyzed the changes in flow characteristics according to the upper-airway morphology using CFD. A multivariate Gaussian process regression (MVGPR) model was used to train the flow characteristic values. The trained MVGPR enables the prompt prediction of the aerodynamic features of the upper airway without simulation. Unlike conventional regression methods, MVGPR can be trained by considering the correlation between the flow characteristics. As a diagnostic step, a support vector machine (SVM) with predicted aerodynamic and biometric features was used in this study to classify patients as healthy or suffering from moderate OSAS. SVM is beneficial as it is easy to learn even with a small dataset, and it can diagnose various flow characteristics as factors while enhancing the feature via the kernel function. As the patient dataset is small, the Monte Carlo cross-validation was used to validate the trained model. Furthermore, to overcome the imbalanced data problem, the oversampling method was applied. RESULT The segmented upper-airway results of the high-resolution and low-resolution models present overall average dice coefficients of 0.76±0.041 and 0.74±0.052, respectively. Furthermore, the classification accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and F1-score of the diagnosis algorithm were 81.5%, 89.3%, 86.2%, and 87.6%, respectively. CONCLUSION The convenience and accuracy of sleep apnea diagnosis are improved using deep learning and machine learning. Further, the proposed method can aid clinicians in making appropriate decisions to evaluate the possible applications of OSAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susie Ryu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, South Korea
| | - Jun Hong Kim
- School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, South Korea
| | - Heejin Yu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, South Korea
| | - Hwi-Dong Jung
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oral Science Research Center, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Suk Won Chang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jeong Jin Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soonhyuk Hong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyung-Ju Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoon Jeong Choi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, South Korea; Department of Orthodontics, The Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jongeun Choi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, South Korea
| | - Joon Sang Lee
- School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, South Korea; Department of Orthodontics, The Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES We performed a cross-sectional analysis of data from the nationwide Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey to evaluate the association between obesity and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) or without nasal polyp (CRSsNP). DESIGN Retrospective cross-sectional analysis of health survey data. SETTING Voluntary survey of representative South Korean populations. PARTICIPANTS In total, 32 384 individuals aged 19 years or older with available data on CRS and obesity were included. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Diagnosis of CRSwNP or CRSsNP was performed by trained otolaryngologists through sinus endoscopy and surveys of medical history. General and central obesity was diagnosed using body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC), respectively. METHODS A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to clarify the association between CRSwNP or CRSsNP and obesity according to BMI and WC. Non-obese individuals were recruited as controls. RESULTS The prevalence of CRSwNP was higher in the general (OR, 1.438; 95% CI, 1.170 to 1.768; p<0.001) and central (OR, 1.251; 95% CI, 1.031 to 1.520; p=0.033) obesity groups than in the control group. Prevalence of CRSsNP was not correlated with obesity. In a logistic regression analysis, olfactory dysfunction (OR, 1.329; 95% CI, 1.137 to 1.553; p<0.001) and purulent discharge (OR, 1.383; 95% CI, 1.193 to 1.603; p<0.001) showed a higher incidence in the central obesity group than in the control group. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated an association between CRSwNP and general and central obesity. Further investigations on the mechanism underlying this correlation are necessary for an improved understanding of the pathogenesis of CRSwNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Sung Nam
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yun Ho Roh
- Department of Medical Statistics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Wasan Almazouq Fahad
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hae-Eun Noh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong-Gyun Ha
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University Yongin Severance Hospital, Yongin, Korea
| | - Joo-Heon Yoon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Korea Mouse Sensory Phenotyping Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang-Hoon Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Korea Mouse Sensory Phenotyping Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Taste Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyung-Ju Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Korea Mouse Sensory Phenotyping Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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25
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Chang SW, Nam JS, Ha JG, Kim NW, Almarzouq WF, Kim CH, Yoon JH, Cho HJ. Detecting serum galactomannan to diagnose acute invasive Aspergillus sinusitis: a meta-analysis. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2021; 279:793-800. [PMID: 33959804 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-021-06857-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The serum galactomannan test has been used for diagnosing acute invasive fungal sinusitis (AIFS), especially invasive Aspergillus. We aimed to assess the accuracy of the test to diagnose acute invasive Aspergillus sinusitis (AIAS). METHODS We searched all relevant articles published in PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases up until September 14, 2020. The available data for serum galactomannan test to diagnose AIAS from selected studies were assessed. The diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), summary receiver operating characteristics (SROC), sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), and negative likelihood ratio (NLR) were estimated. Additionally, we analysed four studies with a cut-off value of 0.5. RESULTS Five eligible articles were selected in this study. The total number of enrolled patients was 118, and 62 patients had confirmed AIAS. Among these 62 patients, the summary estimates of the serum galactomannan assay were as follows: DOR, 3.37 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.47-6.66); sensitivity, 0.63 (95% CI 0.50-0.74); specificity, 0.65 (95% CI 0.51-0.76); PLR, 1.83 (95% CI 1.21-2.74); NLR, 0.58 (95% CI 0.39-0.83). The SROC was 0.68. CONCLUSION In this current meta-analysis, the serum galactomannan test was classified as less accurate for purposes of diagnosing confirmed AIAS. These results suggest that the initial diagnosis of AIAS should not solely be dependent upon serum galactomannan test results. More studies of the test are needed in patients with AIAS to more accurately assess its diagnostic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suk Won Chang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemoon-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Jae Sung Nam
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemoon-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Jong-Gyun Ha
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemoon-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Na Won Kim
- Yonsei University Medical Library, Seoul, Korea
| | - Wasan F Almarzouq
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemoon-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea
- Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Chang-Hoon Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemoon-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea
- The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joo-Heon Yoon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemoon-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea
- The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyung-Ju Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemoon-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea.
- The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Park JY, Choi JH, Lee SN, Cho HJ, Ahn JS, Kim YB, Park DY, Park SC, Kim SI, Kang MJ, Jang AR, Ahn JH, Lee TS, Kim DY, Shin SJ, Yoon JH, Park JH. Protein arginine methyltransferase 1 contributes to the development of allergic rhinitis by promoting the production of epithelial-derived cytokines. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2021; 147:1720-1731. [PMID: 33476674 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2020.12.646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arginine methylation is a posttranslational modification mediated by protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs). Although previous studies have shown that PRMT1 contributes to the severity of allergic airway inflammation or asthma, the underlying mechanism is poorly understood. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the role of PRMT1 and its relevant mechanism in the development of allergic rhinitis (AR). METHODS The expression levels of PRMTs and cytokines were determined by RT-PCR, and the localization of PRMT1 was determined by immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy. The levels of house dust mite (HDM)-specific immunoglobulins in serum and of cytokines in nasal lavage fluids were determined by ELISA. PRMT1 inhibition was achieved by siRNA and treatment with the pan PRMT inhibitor arginine N-methyltransferase inhibitor-1. RESULTS PRMT1 expression was significantly increased in the nasal mucosa of patients and mice with AR. The degree of eosinophilic infiltration in the nasal mucosa was reduced in PRMT1+/- AR mice compared with wild-type mice. PRMT1 haploinsufficiency reduced the levels of HDM-specific immunoglobulins in serum and those of TH2 (IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13) and epithelial (thymic stromal lymphopoietin [TSLP], IL-25, and IL-33) cytokines in the nasal lavage fluids of AR mice. In nasal epithelial cells, HDM and IL-4 cooperate to enhance PRMT1 expression through a mitogen-activated protein kinase-dependent pathway. In addition, PRMT1 was essential for the production of TSLP, IL-25, and IL-33 in response to HDM and IL-4. Arginine N-methyltransferase inhibitor-1 treatment alleviated AR in the mouse model. CONCLUSIONS PRMT1 plays an important role in AR development by regulating epithelial-derived cytokine production and might be a new therapeutic target for AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Yeon Park
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Medical Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Joo-Hee Choi
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Medical Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Sang-Nam Lee
- Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyung-Ju Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji-Suk Ahn
- Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong-Bum Kim
- Center for Nonclinical Studies, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Do-Yong Park
- Center for Nonclinical Studies, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sang Chul Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo-In Kim
- Research Center for Human Natural Defense System, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min-Jung Kang
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Medical Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Ah-Ra Jang
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Medical Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jae-Hun Ahn
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Medical Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Tae-Sung Lee
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Medical Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Dong-Yeon Kim
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Medical Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Sung Jae Shin
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joo-Heon Yoon
- Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Jong-Hwan Park
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Medical Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea.
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27
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Nam JS, Ahn SH, Ha JG, Park JJ, Noh HE, Yoon JH, Kim CH, Cho HJ. Differential Correlations among Allergy Tests According to Indoor Allergens in Allergic Rhinitis. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2021; 131:71-77. [PMID: 33870717 DOI: 10.1177/00034894211008702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Several allergy tests are used for the diagnosis of allergic rhinitis; however, few studies have reported a direct comparison of the skin prick test (SPT), multiple allergen simultaneous test (MAST), and ImmunoCAP according to specific allergens. This study aimed to evaluate the correlations between each test and allergic rhinitis symptoms and to evaluate the correlations of the MAST and ImmunoCAP with the SPT for representative indoor allergens in Korea. METHODS Electronic medical charts were retrospectively reviewed, and 698 patients with allergic rhinitis who had performed SPT, MAST, and ImmunoCAP were enrolled. Correlations between each allergy test for 4 representative indoor allergens and the symptoms of allergic rhinitis were analyzed. Agreements of the MAST and ImmunoCAP with the SPT were compared according to each allergen. RESULTS The SPT showed higher correlations with allergic rhinitis symptoms for 4 indoor allergens (Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides farinae, cat, and dog allergens) than the MAST or ImmunoCAP. In comparison between the MAST and SPT, the least correlation was observed for the dog allergen, whereas between the ImmunoCAP and SPT, the least correlation was observed for the cat allergen. The correlation between the ImmunoCAP and SPT was higher than that between the MAST and SPT for the dog allergen, whereas no significant differences were noted for other allergens. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the SPT showed a higher correlation with allergic rhinitis symptoms than the MAST or ImmunoCAP for 4 indoor allergens. ImmunoCAP showed similar reactivity to MAST; however, it showed better positivity with dog allergen in patients who were reactive to the allergen in the SPT. Care should be taken while evaluating dog allergen sensitization using the MAST.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Sung Nam
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Hyeon Ahn
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Bundang Jesaeng Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.,Department of Medicine, The Graduate School of Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong-Gyun Ha
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong-Jin Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hae Eun Noh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joo-Heon Yoon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang-Hoon Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyung-Ju Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Min HJ, Park JS, Kim KS, Park SY, Choi H, Seo JH, Kang M, Yoon JH, Kim CH, Kim S, Cho HJ. Th2 cytokines-DUOX2-ROS-HMGB1 translocation axis is important in the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis. Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 135:483-494. [PMID: 33458745 DOI: 10.1042/cs20201212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The function of high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) varies according to its location. However, the translocation mechanism behind HMGB1 remains unclear. We hypothesize that type 2 helper T cell (Th2) cytokines are involved in the translocation of HMGB1 in the upper airway epithelium. We investigated the mechanism behind HMGB1 translocation using Th2 cytokine stimulation and examined the clinical significance of HMGB1 translocation in allergic rhinitis (AR). Cytoplasmic and extracellular HMGB1 were increased in AR. Inhibiting HMGB1 translocation with glycyrrhizic acid (GA) decreased the level of antigen-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE), the degree of Periodic Acid-Schiff (PAS), and Sirius Red staining in the murine model. The in vivo reactive oxygen species (ROS) level in the nasal mucosa was higher in the mice with AR than in the controls. Th2 cytokine-induced up-regulation of the ROS and translocation of HMGB1 by Th2 cytokines was dependent on the generated ROS. The ROS level also increased in the murine model. We suggest that the Th2 cytokine-dual oxidase (DUOX)2-ROS-HMGB1 translocation axis is important in AR pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jin Min
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Soon Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Soo Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Yong Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Honghwan Choi
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hee Seo
- The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Miran Kang
- The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Heon Yoon
- The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Hoon Kim
- The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sehoon Kim
- Center for Theragnosis, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Ju Cho
- The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Cho HJ, Shin MS, Song Y, Park SK, Park SM, Kim HD. Severe Periodontal Disease Increases Acute Myocardial Infarction and Stroke: A 10-Year Retrospective Follow-up Study. J Dent Res 2021; 100:706-713. [PMID: 33478309 DOI: 10.1177/0022034520986097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the causal association of periodontal disease with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and stroke, after controlling for various confounders among the Korean population. A retrospective cohort study using the National Health Insurance Service-National Health Screening Cohort (NHIS-HEALS) was performed during 2002 to 2015 (baseline: 2002 to 2005; follow-up: 2006 to 2015) in the Republic of Korea. A total of 298,128 participants with no history of AMI or stroke were followed up for 10 y. AMI and stroke were defined by a diagnosis using the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10) guideline. Periodontal condition was classified into 3 groups (healthy, moderate periodontal disease, severe periodontal disease [SPD]) using the combination of ICD codes, treatment codes in the NHIS, and recommendation of periodontal treatment by the dentists in HEALS. Various confounders, such as sociodemographic, behavioral, systemic, and oral health factors, including hypercholesterolemia, were considered. Multivariable Cox regression analysis was applied to estimate adjusted incidence rate ratio (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]) based on person-year of periodontal condition for AMI, stroke, and nonfatal major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) encompassing AMI or stroke controlling for various confounders. Stratified analyses according to age group, sex, and toothbrushing frequency were also performed. After controlling for various confounders, participants with SPD compared with non-SPD participants had a higher incidence by 11% for AMI (aHR, 1.11; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02-1.20), by 3.5% for stroke (aHR, 1.035; 95% CI, 1.01-1.07), and by 4.1% for MACEs (aHR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.01-1.07). The association of SPD with AMI and MACE was highly modified in females and adults aged 40 to 59 y. In the total Korean population, SPD increased total AMI events by 4.3%, total stroke events by 1.4%, and the total MACEs by 1.6%. Our data confirmed that SPD was causally associated with the new events of AMI and stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Cho
- Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - M S Shin
- Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y Song
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - S K Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S M Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H D Kim
- Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Min HJ, Park JS, Kim KS, Kang M, Seo JH, Yoon JH, Kim CH, Cho HJ. Serum high-mobility group box 1 protein level correlates with the lowest SaO 2 in patients with sleep apnea: a preliminary study. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol 2021; 88:875-881. [PMID: 33461910 PMCID: PMC9615530 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2020.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Serum level of high-mobility group box 1 protein is reportedly correlated with the severity of obstructive sleep apnea. Objective We tried to evaluate the possibility of using the serum high-mobility group box 1 protein level as a biologic marker in obstructive sleep apnea patients. Methods We generated a chronic intermittent hypoxia murine model that reflected human obstructive sleep apnea. Obstructive sleep apnea patients who underwent polysomnography were prospectively enrolled. Serum samples were obtained from mice and obstructive sleep apnea patients, and the serum high-mobility group box1 protein level was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results Serum high-mobility group box 1 protein level was 56.16 ± 30.33 ng/mL in chronic intermittent hypoxia and 18.63 ± 6.20 ng/mL in control mice (p < 0.05). The mean apnea-hypopnea index and respiratory disturbance index values of enrolled obstructive sleep apnea patients were 50.35 ± 27.96 and 51.56 ± 28.53, respectively, and the mean serum high-mobility group box 1 protein level was 30.13 ± 19.97 ng/mL. The apnea–hypopnea index and respiratory disturbance index were not significantly correlated with the serum high-mobility group box 1 protein level (p > 0.05). Instead, this protein level was significantly correlated with lowest arterial oxygen concentration (SaO2) (p < 0.05). Conclusion High-mobility group box 1 protein may be involved in the pathogenesis of obstructive sleep apnea, and the possibility of this protein being a useful biologic marker in obstructive sleep apnea should be further evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jin Min
- Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Chung-Ang University Hospital, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Soon Park
- Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Soo Kim
- Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Miran Kang
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hee Seo
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Heon Yoon
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Yonsei University College of Medicine, The Airway Mucus Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Hoon Kim
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Yonsei University College of Medicine, The Airway Mucus Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Ju Cho
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Yonsei University College of Medicine, The Airway Mucus Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Byeon S, Cho HJ, Jang KT, Kwon M, Lee J, Lee J, Kim ST. Molecular profiling of Asian patients with advanced melanoma receiving check-point inhibitor treatment. ESMO Open 2020; 6:100002. [PMID: 33399091 PMCID: PMC7910729 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2020.100002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Melanoma is major medical challenge and being able to monitor treatment response is critical. This study aimed to use molecular profiling of Asian patients with advanced melanoma who were receiving treatment with check-point inhibitors (CPIs) to identify novel biomarkers of tumor response. Methods Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was performed using tumor specimens collected from 178 Asian patients with metastatic melanoma receiving CPIs. The NGS data and clinical-pathological factors were analyzed for potential genetic biomarkers of tumor response to CPI treatment. Results The most common melanoma subtype was acral melanoma (40%), followed by cutaneous melanoma (32%), mucosal melanoma (26%), and others (2%). For calculation of treatment efficacy, 164 of the patients could be evaluated. The overall response rate was 45.7%, of which 41 cases exhibited complete responses (25.0%) and 34 showed partial responses (20.7%). There were no significant differences in tumor responses based on melanoma subtype (P = 0.295). Genetically, NRAS mutations, TP53 mutations, and NF2 deletions were significantly associated with resistance to CPIs (P < 0.05). In contrast, MYC and RPS6KB1 amplifications were associated with responsiveness to CPIs (P < 0.05). Median progression-free survival (PFS) for patients treated with CPIs was 5.9 months (95% CI, 3.8-8.05 months). Univariate analysis identified TP53 and BRAF mutations, NF2 deletions, and BIRC2 amplifications as poor prognostic factors for PFS (P < 0.05). Conclusions This study determined the integrated genomic profiles of Asian patients with metastatic melanoma receiving CPIs and identified candidate biomarkers that reflected treatment outcomes. The molecular characterization of Asian melanoma patients receiving check-point inhibitors (CPIs) using NGS has not been reported. NRAS and TP53 mutations and NF2 deletions were significantly associated with resistance to CPIs. MYC and RPS6KB1 amplifications were associated with responsiveness to CPIs. TP53 and BRAF mutations, NF2 deletions, and BIRC2 amplifications were poor prognostic factors for progression-free survival. This is the largest integrated genomic study to date that identifying novel biomarkers of CPIs in Asian melanoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Byeon
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - H J Cho
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Precision Medicine Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - K-T Jang
- Department of Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - M Kwon
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J Lee
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J Lee
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S T Kim
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Chang SW, Park JJ, Hwang CS, Nam JS, Ha JG, Almarzouq WF, Kim CH, Yoon JH, Cho HJ. Role of specific IgE on staphylococcal enterotoxin B in chronic rhinosinusitis severity. Clin Otolaryngol 2020; 46:304-310. [PMID: 33174348 DOI: 10.1111/coa.13666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical significance of specific IgE-staphylococcal enterotoxin B (IgE-SEB) in CRS (chronic rhinosinusitis). DESIGN Retrospective analysis of patients who were positive for specific IgE-staphylococcal enterotoxin B. SETTING Tertiary rhinology clinic. PARTICIPANTS A total of 965 patients who were tested for specific IgE-staphylococcal enterotoxin B from December 2016 to December 2017. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES We retrospectively reviewed the records of 965 patients who were tested for specific IgE-staphylococcal enterotoxin B from December 2016 to December 2017. Patient demographics, titre-specific IgE to staphylococcal enterotoxin B levels, MAST, serologic test and medical records were reviewed. RESULTS IgE-SEB (KU/L) was higher in CRS patients than non-CRS patients (0.13 ± 0.37 vs 0.08 ± 0.22, respectively; P-value: .044), and the IgE-SEB (+, ≥0.35) rate was also higher (10.06% vs 4.46%, respectively; P-value: .030). IgE-SEB (KU/L) was higher in the CRS group than in the fungal sinusitis group (0.13 ± 0.37 vs 0.03 ± 0.05, respectively; P-value: <.001), and the IgE-SEB (+, ≥0.35) rate was also higher (10.06% vs 0%, respectively; P-value: .015). Between the CRSsNP (chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps) and CRSwNP (chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps) groups, there were no differences in IgE-SEB (KU/L) or IgE-SEB (+) rates. IgE-SEB positivity was not associated with the presence of polyps, concomitant asthma or postoperative recurrence. As the values of IgE-SEB (KU/L) and the IgE-SEB (+, >0.1) rate increased, the CRS severity also increased. CONCLUSIONS IgE-SEB showed a positive correlation with Lund-Mackay CT severity score, but not with postoperative recurrence or nasal polyps. Further studies are needed to obtain clear evidence that IgE-SEB can be considered as an independent CRS endotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suk Won Chang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong Jin Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chi Sang Hwang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Sung Nam
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong-Gyun Ha
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Wasan F Almarzouq
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Chang-Hoon Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joo-Heon Yoon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyung-Ju Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Kim KW, Park SC, Cho HJ, Jang H, Park J, Shim HS, Kim EG, Kim MN, Hong JY, Kim YH, Lee S, Weiss ST, Kim CH, Won S, Sohn MH. Integrated genetic and epigenetic analyses uncover MSI2 association with allergic inflammation. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2020; 147:1453-1463. [PMID: 32795589 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2020.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between allergic and eosinophilic inflammation, either systemic or local, in allergic diseases remains unclear. OBJECTIVE We performed combined genome-wide association study (GWAS) and epigenome-wide (EWAS) for atopy and tissue eosinophilia to identify both genetic and epigenetic signatures between systemic and local allergic inflammation, and to capture global patterns of gene regulation. METHODS We included 126 subjects for atopy analysis and 147 for tissue eosinophilia analysis, as well as 18 normal nasal tissue samples. We identified differentially methylated positions (DMPs) and genes associated with atopy and tissue eosinophilia. Furthermore, we performed mendelian randomization analysis and penalized regression along with replication in an independent cohort. RESULTS EWAS identified genes, including Musashi RNA binding protein 2 (MSI2), associated with atopy, which contained enriched DMPs that genetically affect atopy. A direct association was observed between MSI2 single-nucleotide polymorphisms and atopy, as was a causal effect of changes in MSI2 expression and methylation on atopy, which was replicated in a Costa Rican population. Regarding tissue eosinophilia, EWAS identified genes with enriched DMPs directly contributing to tissue eosinophilia at the gene level, including CAMK1D. The gene ontology terms of the identified genes for both phenotypes encompassed immune-related terms. CONCLUSION EWAS combined with GWAS identified novel candidate genes, especially the methylation of MSI2, contributing to systemic allergic inflammation. Certain genes displayed a greater association with either systemic or local allergic inflammation; however, it is expected that a harmonized effect of these genes influences immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Won Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Hospital, Institute of Allergy, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-Cheol Park
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyung-Ju Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Airway Mucus Institute, Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center (KMPC), Taste Research Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Haerin Jang
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Hospital, Institute of Allergy, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jaehyun Park
- Interdisciplinary Program for Bioinformatics, College of Natural Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyo Sup Shim
- Department of Pathology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Gyul Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Hospital, Institute of Allergy, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi Na Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Hospital, Institute of Allergy, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Yeon Hong
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Hospital, Institute of Allergy, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon Hee Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Institute of Allergy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sanghun Lee
- Department of Medical Consilience, Graduate School, Dankook Univeristy, Yongin, Korea
| | - Scott T Weiss
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Chang-Hoon Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Airway Mucus Institute, Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center (KMPC), Taste Research Center, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Sungho Won
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea; Interdisciplinary Program for Bioinformatics, College of Natural Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea; Department of Public Health Sciences, College of Natural Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Myung Hyun Sohn
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Hospital, Institute of Allergy, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Seoul, Korea.
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Ha JG, Kim J, Nam JS, Park JJ, Cho HJ, Yoon JH, Kim CH. Development of a Korean Culture-Friendly Olfactory Function Test and Optimization of a Diagnostic Cutoff Value. Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol 2020; 13:274-284. [PMID: 32668827 PMCID: PMC7435434 DOI: 10.21053/ceo.2020.00864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Cultural familiarity and safety must be considered when assessing olfactory ability. The YSK olfactory function (YOF) test is a new olfactory function test using culturally familiar odorants to Koreans. Methods The YOF test comprises three subtests for threshold (T), discrimination (D), and identification (I). The identification test included eight universal and four Korean culture-friendly odorants, which were selected considering eight major functional groups. Data were obtained from 1,127 subjects over 19 years old. Subjects were classified as having normosmia (n=542), hyposmia (n=472), and anosmia (n=113) by self-reported olfactory function. The YOF test and the Korean version of the Sniffin’ stick test (KVSS-II) were performed on the same day in random order. Diagnostic cutoffs for anosmia and hyposmia were calculated using the Youden index (J). Results The mean values for each T/D/I subtest and the total TDI score were as follows: normosmia (T, 4.6±2.3; D, 8.6±2.1; I, 11.1±1.7; TDI score, 24.2±4.5); hyposmia (T, 3.3±2.2; D, 7.1±2.5; I, 9.2±3.1; TDI score, 19.5±6.4); and anosmia (T, 1.7±1.2; D, 5.1±2.5; I, 5.0±3.2; TDI score, 11.8±5.6). The correlation coefficients between the YOF test and KVSS-II were 0.57, 0.65, 0.80, and 0.86 for T, D, I, and the TDI score, respectively (P<0.001). The diagnostic cutoffs were a TDI score ≤14.5 (J=0.67) for anosmia and 14.5(TDI score ≤21.0 (J=0.38) for hyposmia. The diagnostic efficacy of the YOF test (area under the curve [AUC], 0.88) was equivalent to that of the KVSS-II (AUC, 0.88; P=0.843; DeLong method). Conclusion The YOF test is a new olfactory test using safe and Korean culture-friendly odorants. It showed equivalent validity with the conventional olfactory function test. Furthermore, the YOF test provides information on the major functional groups of odorants, potentially enabling a more comprehensive interpretation for patients with olfactory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Gyun Ha
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jinwon Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Sung Nam
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong Jin Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyung-Ju Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Korea Mouse Sensory Phenotyping Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joo-Heon Yoon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Korea Mouse Sensory Phenotyping Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang-Hoon Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Korea Mouse Sensory Phenotyping Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Taste Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Chung YW, Cha J, Han S, Chen Y, Gucek M, Cho HJ, Nakahira K, Choi AMK, Ryu JH, Yoon JH. Apolipoprotein E and Periostin Are Potential Biomarkers of Nasal Mucosal Inflammation. A Parallel Approach of In Vitro and In Vivo Secretomes. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2020; 62:23-34. [PMID: 31194918 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2018-0248oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
No previously suggested biomarkers of nasal mucosal inflammation have been practically applied in clinical fields, and nasal epithelium-derived secreted proteins as biomarkers have not specifically been investigated. The goal of this study was to identify secreted proteins that dynamically change during the differentiation from basal cells to fully differentiated cells and examine whether nasal epithelium-derived proteins can be used as biomarkers of nasal mucosal inflammation, such as chronic rhinosinusitis. To achieve this goal, we analyzed two secretomes using the isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantification technique. From in vitro secretomes, we identified the proteins altered in apical secretions of primary human nasal epithelial cells according to the degree of differentiation; from in vivo secretomes, we identified the increased proteins in nasal lavage fluids obtained from patients 2 weeks after endoscopic sinus surgery for chronic sinusitis. We then used a parallel approach to identify specific biomarkers of nasal mucosal inflammation; first, we selected apolipoprotein E as a nasal epithelial cell-derived biomarker through screening proteins that were upregulated in both in vitro and in vivo secretomes, and verified highly secreted apolipoprotein E in nasal lavage fluids of the patients by Western blotting. Next, we selected periostin as an inflammatory mediator-inducible biomarker from in vivo secretomes, the secretion of which was not induced under in vitro culture conditions. We demonstrated that those two nasal epithelium-derived proteins are possible biomarkers of nasal mucosal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youn Wook Chung
- The Airway Mucus Institute.,Global Research Laboratory for Allergic Airway Disease.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute
| | - Jimin Cha
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, and
| | - Seunghan Han
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, and
| | - Yong Chen
- Proteomics Core Facility, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; and
| | - Marjan Gucek
- Proteomics Core Facility, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; and
| | - Hyung-Ju Cho
- The Airway Mucus Institute.,Global Research Laboratory for Allergic Airway Disease.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kiichi Nakahira
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Augustine M K Choi
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Ji-Hwan Ryu
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, and
| | - Joo-Heon Yoon
- The Airway Mucus Institute.,Global Research Laboratory for Allergic Airway Disease.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Ahn SH, Lee EJ, Ha JG, Hwang CS, Yoon JH, Kim CH, Cho HJ. Comparison of olfactory and taste functions between eosinophilic and non-eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis. Auris Nasus Larynx 2020; 47:820-827. [PMID: 32386824 DOI: 10.1016/j.anl.2020.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Most patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) complain of olfactory and/or taste dysfunctions. However, olfactory and taste dysfunctions depending on the subtype of CRS, classified as eosinophilic CRS (ECRS) and non-eosinophilic CRS (NCRS), have not been clearly reported. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical features in olfactory and taste functions according to the subtype classified as ECRS and NCRS. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the electronic medical records of patients who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery and were diagnosed with CRS. The patients were divided into ECRS and NCRS groups, according to their Japanese Epidemiological Survey of Refractory Eosinophilic Chronic Rhinosinusitis (JESREC) scores. We analyzed demographic characteristics, Sino-Nasal Outcome Test findings, Lund-Mackay score, and the results of previously-validated tests, including the Korean Version of Sniffin' Stick test and chemical gustatory function test. RESULTS Patients with ECRS and NCRS had decreased olfactory and taste functions compared to the control group. In particular, the olfactory score of ECRS patients was lower than that of NCRS patients (18.1 ± 9.5 vs 23.7 ± 8.5, respectively, p <0.001). On the other hand, taste scores of ECRS patients were not statistically different compared to NCRS patients (19.1 ± 4.7 vs. 18.3 ± 4.7, respectively, p = 0.166). Olfactory score decreased with increase in JESREC score (r=-0.203, p = 0.002), but it had no correlation with taste score (r = 0.072, p = 0.276). CONCLUSION We found a difference in olfactory function but no difference in taste function between patients in ECRS and NCRS groups. These results may provide valuable clinical features in terms of olfactory and taste functions according to the subtypes of CRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hyeon Ahn
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Bundang Jesaeng General Hospital, Daejin Medical Center, Seongnam, Republic of Korea; Department of Medicine, The Graduate School of Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Jung Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Gyun Ha
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi Sang Hwang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Heon Yoon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea; The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Hoon Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea; The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Ju Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea; The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Park SC, Kim TG, Cho HJ, Kim CH, Yoon JH. Reduced BDCA3+ dendritic cells in nasal mucosa induce severe inflammation in patients with allergic rhinitis and chronic rhinosinusitis. The Journal of Immunology 2020. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.204.supp.147.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are specialized antigen-presenting cells that play a crucial role in T helper (Th) cell differentiation. DCs of human airway comprise conventional DCs (cDCs) and plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs), of which the cDCs lineage consists of cDC type 1 (cDC1) and cDC type 2 (cDC2). These DCs subsets differ in ontogeny and functional properties in immune response. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the expression of different dendritic cell subsets in nasal mucosa of patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Nasal polyp tissues or ethmoid mucosa from patients undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery or septoplasty were collected. The expression of DCs was investigated by flow cytometry via surface markers including BDCA-1 (CD1c) for cDC1, BDCA-3 (CD141) for cDC2, and BDCA-2 (CD303) for pDC. In subjects with AR, BDCA-3+cDC levels significantly decreased in patients with accompanying CRS, more reduced in eosinophilic CRS (ECRS) than in non-eosinophilic CRS (NECRS), compared to non-CRS patients. In subjects with CRS, the expression of BDCA-3+cDC decreased in patients with accompanying AR; more reduced in multiple allergens sensitization. Consequently, the IF result showed CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+ regulatory T cell expression was significantly decreased in CRS patients with AR compared to those without AR. Furthermore, the level of BDCA-3+cDC was also inversely related with preoperative CT scores, serum eosinophils and IgE levels. We suggest that BDCA-3+cDC may play an essential role in immunoregulation and induction of clinical tolerance. Reduced frequency of BDCA-3+cDC followed by impaired Treg expression in CRS patients with AR might reflect the mechanism of severe inflammation in patients of CRS combined with AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Chul Park
- 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck surgery, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, South Korea
| | - Tae-Gyun Kim
- 2Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, South Korea
| | - Hyung-Ju Cho
- 3Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, South Korea
| | - Chang-Hoon Kim
- 3Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, South Korea
| | - Joo-Heon Yoon
- 3Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, South Korea
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Ha JG, Lee Y, Nam JS, Park JJ, Yoon JH, Kim CH, Cho HJ. Can drug-induced sleep endoscopy improve the success rates of tongue base surgery? J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2020; 49:8. [PMID: 32093777 PMCID: PMC7041251 DOI: 10.1186/s40463-020-00405-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of this study was to determine the therapeutic value of drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) by comparing the outcomes of tongue base surgery based on Muller’s maneuver (MM) and those based on DISE in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients. Methods Ninety-five patients who underwent the tongue base surgery in combination with palatal surgery for OSA at a tertiary referral hospital between March 2012 and March 2019 were enrolled in this retrospective comparative study. Forty-seven patients underwent MM for surgical decision and 48 patients underwent DISE in addition to MM for surgical decision. Surgical success was defined according to the Sher criteria (postoperative apnea-hypopnea index [AHI] < 20/h and ≥ 50% reduction in preoperative AHI), and AHI improvement (%) was defined as (preoperative AHI-postoperative AHI) × 100/preoperative AHI. For comparison between the MM and DISE groups, p-values were calculated using independent or paired t-tests for continuous variables and using chi-square test for categorical variables. Results By comparing the results of MM and DISE, consensus on the tongue base level showed insignificant concordance (kappa = 0.017, p = 0.865), whereas that on the oropharynx level showed fair agreement (kappa =0.241, p = 0.005). AHI, supine AHI, rapid eyeball movement (REM) AHI, non-REM AHI, and nadir oxygen saturation were all significantly improved after the tongue base surgery in both groups. The MM group showed a significant improvement in the Epworth sleepiness scale after the tongue base surgery (p = 0.014), whereas the DISE group did not (p = 0.165). However, there was no significant difference in the AHI improvement (MM group = 47.0 ± 32.0, DISE group = 48.3 ± 35.4, p = 0.852) and surgical success (MM group = 42.6%, DISE group = 45.8%, p = 0.748) between the groups. Tonsil grade (p < 0.05) and occlusion at the oropharynx lateral wall (p = 0.031) were significantly related to surgical success in the MM group. Conclusions In the judgment of the tongue base surgery, MM and DISE findings showed poor agreement. DISE might affect the surgical decision on the tongue base surgery in OSA patients; however, there was a lack of evidence regarding the superiority of DISE over MM with respect to the surgical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Gyun Ha
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Youngwoo Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Jae Sung Nam
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Jeong Jin Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Joo-Heon Yoon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.,The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Korea Mouse Sensory Phenotyping Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chang-Hoon Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.,The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Korea Mouse Sensory Phenotyping Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Medical Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyung-Ju Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea. .,The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. .,Korea Mouse Sensory Phenotyping Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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Attique M, Afzal M, Ali F, Mehmood I, Ijaz MF, Cho HJ. Geo-Social Top- k and Skyline Keyword Queries on Road Networks. Sensors (Basel) 2020; 20:s20030798. [PMID: 32024087 PMCID: PMC7038697 DOI: 10.3390/s20030798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The rapid growth of GPS-enabled mobile devices has popularized many location-based applications. Spatial keyword search which finds objects of interest by considering both spatial locations and textual descriptions has become very useful in these applications. The recent integration of social data with spatial keyword search opens a new service horizon for users. Few previous studies have proposed methods to combine spatial keyword queries with social data in Euclidean space. However, most real-world applications constrain the distance between query location and data objects by a road network, where distance between two points is defined by the shortest connecting path. This paper proposes geo-social top-k keyword queries and geo-social skyline keyword queries on road networks. Both queries enrich traditional spatial keyword query semantics by incorporating social relevance component. We formalize the proposed query types and appropriate indexing frameworks and algorithms to efficiently process them. The effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed approaches are evaluated using real datasets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Attique
- Department of Software, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea; (M.A.); (F.A.)
- Correspondence: (M.A.); (H.-J.C.)
| | - Muhammad Afzal
- Department of Software, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea; (M.A.); (F.A.)
| | - Farman Ali
- Department of Software, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea; (M.A.); (F.A.)
| | - Irfan Mehmood
- Faculty of Engineering & Informatics, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK;
| | - Muhammad Fazal Ijaz
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Korea;
| | - Hyung-Ju Cho
- Department of Software, Kyungpook National University, Sangju-Si 37224, Korea
- Correspondence: (M.A.); (H.-J.C.)
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Cho SH, Khang YH, June KJ, Lee JY, Cho HJ, Kim YM. Postpartum women’s experience of abuse in childhood, postnatal depression, and thoughts of self-harm. Eur J Public Health 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckz187.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Postnatal depression threatens the health of both mothers and babies. To improve maternal and child health in Seoul, South Korea, a nurse home visitation program for pregnant women and new mothers and babies has been implemented since 2013.
Methods
Cross-sectional data collected from 9,124 mothers while they were visiting a public health center for prenatal services or a nurse was visiting their home within 6 weeks after birth between 2014 and 2018 were analyzed. Mothers were asked whether they had experienced physical, emotional, or sexual abuse in their childhood. Postnatal depression and thoughts of self-harm were measured using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Postnatal depression was defined as a total EPDS score of 13 or higher; thoughts of self-harm were defined as a response of “yes, quite often,” “sometimes,” or “hardly ever” to the corresponding item, excluding the response of “never".
Results
Overall, 3.2% of mothers had experienced child abuse; 8.1% experienced postnatal depression and 5.4% reported thoughts of self-harm. Postnatal depression was more common in mothers who had experienced child abuse than among those who had not (24.2% vs. 7.6%). A similar pattern was found for thoughts of self-harm (21.1% vs. 4.9%, respectively). When controlling for mothers’ age, economic status, history of receiving treatment for mental health problems, and other factors, having experienced child abuse was associated with a 2.73-fold increase in the odds of postnatal depression (odds ratio, 2.02-3.70) and a 3.58-fold increase in the odds of thoughts of self-harm (odds ratio, 2.58-4.96).
Conclusions
Mothers should be screened for having experienced child abuse when providing public health perinatal care to improve mothers’ mental health and parenting practices and to promote their children’s growth and development.
Key messages
Child abuse may have a lifelong negative effect on victims, and the effect extends to the next generation’s health and development. Public health policy and interventions to prevent child abuse are needed to tackle health inequality beginning in early childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Cho
- College of Nursing, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Y H Khang
- College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - K J June
- Department of Nursing, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - J Y Lee
- College of Nursing, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - H J Cho
- College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Y M Kim
- College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan, South Korea
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Go EB, Kim HE, Kim JS, Lee SJ, Ahn JW, Lee SH, Cho HJ, Roh HJ. 2440 Efficacy of Hand Assisted Laparoscopic Adenomyomectomy with Manipulation of Uterine Artery Comparing with Classical Laparoscopic and Laparotomic Adenomyomectomy. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2019.09.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Cho HJ, Lee CS, Lee JW, Yang HM, Kim HS. P313ADGRL2 is an essential surface molecule for cardiac lineage specification and heart development. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz747.0148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Specific surface markers that enable monitoring of cell subsets would be valuable for establishing the conditions under which pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) differentiate into cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs) and cardiomyocytes (CMCs).
Methods and results
To verify whether a specific marker is expressed during heart development, we assessed its expression using the CLARITY technique. After immersion in a solution with a refractive index matching that of the CLARITY hybrid, the mouse embryo became transparent. After immunostaining the cleared embryo sample, Adgrl2 was exclusively observed in cardiac cells expressing α-SA at embryonic day E9.5 and E10.5. Our clarified 3D images and movies show that four chambers of the heart are fully developed at E10.5 but not at E9.5. At E9.5, Adgrl2 is observed at the ventricle and atrium, while Adgrl2 is present in all chambers of the heart at E10.5. Next, we performed LacZ (β-Gal) staining in heterozygous Adgrl2 KO embryos to evaluate Adgrl2 expression. As a result, LacZ staining showed that Adgrl2 was predominantly expressed in the heart during the embryonic developmental stage. Adgrl2 knockout in mice was embryonically lethal because of severe heart, but not vascular, defects. To examine the use of Adgrl2 as a bona fide CPC marker during heart development, we tracked Adgrl2 expression during early embryonic development. The heart of Adgrl2−/− embryos at E10.5 exhibited occlusion of the RV, and the expression levels of Gata4 and Nkx2.5 were not as high as those in wild-type and Adgrl2+/− embryos. Interestingly, the heart of Adgrl2−/− embryos, unlike those of wild-type and Adgrl2+/− embryos between E13.5 and E15.5 had a single ventricle revealing a ventricular septal defect. The specific expression pattern of Adgrl2 in PSC-derived cardiac lineage cells as well as in embryonic heart, adult mice, and human heart tissues.
Conclusion
We demonstrate that Adgrl2 plays a pivotal and functional role across all strata of the cardiomyogenic lineage, as early as the precursor stage of heart development. These findings shed light on heart development and regeneration.
Acknowledgement/Funding
Grants from “Strategic Center of Cell and Bio Therapy” (grant number: HI17C2085) and “Korea Research-Driven Hospital” (HI14C1277)
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Cho
- Seoul National University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - C S Lee
- Seoul National University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - J W Lee
- Seoul National University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - H M Yang
- Seoul National University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - H S Kim
- Seoul National University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
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Cho HJ, Lee JW, Lee CS, Ryu YR, Kim HS, Yang HM. P3479Sequential stimulation and inhibition of lysophosphatidic acid receptor 4 are critical for cardiac differentiation and repair. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz745.0349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The clinical application of cell therapy to repair the damaged heart needs to understand the precise differentiation process of stem cells and the characteristics of cardiac progenitor cells.
Purpose
We examined the cardiac-specific markers that expressed on the cell surface and determined their functional significance during cardiac differentiation.
Methods and results
We screened cell-surface expressing proteins on cardiac progenitor cells at differentiation day 3 compared to undifferentiated pluripotent stem cells (PSCs). Among candidates, we identified lysophosphatidic acid receptor 4 (LPAR4) that is a G protein-coupled receptor. During in vitro differentiation of mouse PSCs toward cardiac cells, LPAR4 expression peaked for 3–5 days and then and declined immediately. Also in vivo, LPAR4 was specifically expressed in the early stage of heart development in embryos and disappeared completely in adults, suggesting that stimulatory signal of LPAR4 at an early stage should be shut off for further progression of differentiation. We next have identified the LPAR4 downstream signaling molecule, p38MAPK, by comparing PSCs and LPAR4 knockdown PSCs. In both mouse and human PSCs, ODP (LPAR4 specific agonist) followed by p38MAPK blocker (SB203580) treatment significantly increased cardiac differentiation efficiency. Furthermore, we investigated whether LPAR4 is the maker for adult cardiac progenitor cells. We found that LPAR4-positive cells were rarely present in normal adult mouse hearts, but LPAR4-positive cells were increased when the heart was damaged. LPAR4-positive cells from adult hearts differentiated into cardiomyocytes. After myocardial infarction (MI), the sequential stimulation and inhibition of LPAR4 with ODP and p38MAPK blocker resulted in the reduction of infarct size and improvement of left ventricular dysfunction.
Conclusion
We demonstrated that LPAR4 is a cardiac progenitor-specific marker and its functional significance during cardiac differentiation and regeneration. Our findings provide a new insight in cell-free cardiac repair by the modulation of progenitor-specific downstream signaling.
Acknowledgement/Funding
Grants from “Strategic Center of Cell and Bio Therapy” (grant number: HI17C2085) and “Korea Research-Driven Hospital” (HI14C1277)
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Cho
- Seoul National University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - J W Lee
- Seoul National University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - C S Lee
- Seoul National University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - Y R Ryu
- Seoul National University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - H S Kim
- Seoul National University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - H M Yang
- Seoul National University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
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Yeom SH, Na JS, Jung HD, Cho HJ, Choi YJ, Lee JS. Computational analysis of airflow dynamics for predicting collapsible sites in the upper airways: machine learning approach. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2019; 127:959-973. [PMID: 31318618 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01033.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep breathing disorder. With the use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD), this study provides a quantitative standard for accurate diagnosis and effective surgery based on the investigation of the relationship between airway geometry and aerodynamic characteristics. Based on computed tomography data from patients having normal geometry, 4 major geometric parameters were selected and a total of 160 idealized cases were modeled and simulated. We created a predictive model using Gaussian process regression (GPR) through a data set obtained through numerical method. The results demonstrated that the mean accuracy of the overall GPR model was ~72% with respect to the CFD results for the realistic upper airway model. A support vector machine model was also used to identify the degree of OSA symptoms in patients as normal-mild and moderate and severe. We achieved an accuracy of 82.5% with the training data set and an accuracy of 80% with the test data set.NEW & NOTEWORTHY There have been many studies on the analysis of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) through computational fluid dynamics and finite element analysis. However, these methods are not useful for practical medical applications because they have limited information for OSA symptom. This study employs the machine learning algorithm to predict flow characteristics quickly and to determine the symptoms of the patient's OSA. The overall Gaussian process regression model's mean accuracy was ~72%, and the accuracy for the classification of OSA was >80%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Ho Yeom
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Sung Na
- Unit of Ice Sheet and Sea Level Changes, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon, Korea
| | - Hwi-Dong Jung
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyung-Ju Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon Jeong Choi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Orthodontics, The Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joon Sang Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Orthodontics, The Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
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Han SM, Hwang CS, Jeon HJ, Lee HY, Cho HJ, Park DJ. Three Cases of Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Combined With Reduced Exhaled Nitric Oxide. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2019; 128:1081-1085. [PMID: 31271036 DOI: 10.1177/0003489419861119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The diagnosis of primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is often delayed in part related to the limitations of the available diagnostic tests. We present 3 cases of PCD diagnosed using an exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) measurement. METHODS Three cases with a clinical phenotype consistent with PCD were evaluated using an eNO assay with additional transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and/or genetic panel testing. RESULTS One male and 2 female patients presented with common symptoms included recurrent respiratory infection from early childhood and a history of neonatal respiratory distress as term newborn. Two of them had situs inversus totalis. Fractional eNO measurement revealed extremely low NO levels, and subsequently, TEM analysis confirmed ciliary ultrastructural defects in all patients. One patient had compound heterozygous mutation of the PCD-causative gene (DNAH5) identified using next generation sequencing. CONCLUSION Our report stresses the reliability of eNO measurement in the diagnosis of PCD, accompanied by clinical phenotypes and additional diagnostic tools, such as TEM analysis and genetic testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Min Han
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, South Korea
| | - Chi Sang Hwang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, South Korea
| | - Hyun Jong Jeon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, South Korea
| | - Ho Young Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyung-Ju Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong-Joon Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, South Korea
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Kum J, Kim JW, Braubach O, Ha JG, Cho HJ, Kim CH, Han HB, Choi JH, Yoon JH. Neural Dynamics of Olfactory Perception: Low- and High-Frequency Modulations of Local Field Potential Spectra in Mice Revealed by an Oddball Stimulus. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:478. [PMID: 31191212 PMCID: PMC6546879 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent brain connectome studies have evidenced distinct and overlapping brain regions involved in processing olfactory perception. However, neural correlates of hypo- or anosmia in olfactory disorder patients are poorly known. Furthermore, the bottom-up and top-down processing of olfactory perception have not been well-documented, resulting in difficulty in locating the disease foci of olfactory disorder patients. The primary aim of this study is to characterize the bottom-up process of the neural dynamics across peripheral and central brain regions in anesthetized mice. We particularly focused on the neural oscillations of local field potential (LFP) in olfactory epithelium (OE), olfactory blub (OB), prefrontal cortex (PFC), and hippocampus (HC) during an olfactory oddball paradigm in urethane anesthetized mice. Odorant presentations evoked neural oscillations across slow and fast frequency bands including delta (1-4 Hz), theta (6-10 Hz), beta (15-30 Hz), low gamma (30-50 Hz), and high gamma (70-100 Hz) in both peripheral and central nervous systems, and the increases were more prominent in the infrequently presented odorant. During 5 s odorant exposures, the oscillatory responses in power were persistent in OE, OB, and PFC, whereas neural oscillations of HC increased only for short time at stimulus onset. These oscillatory responses in power were insignificant in both peripheral and central regions of the ZnSO4-treated anosmia model. These results suggest that olfactory stimulation induce LFP oscillations both in the peripheral and central nervous systems and suggest the possibility of linkage of LFP oscillations in the brain to the oscillations in the peripheral olfactory system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeungeun Kum
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, South Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin Won Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Oliver Braubach
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jong-Gyun Ha
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyung-Ju Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chang-Hoon Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center (KMPC), Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hio-Been Han
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jee Hyun Choi
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, South Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Joo-Heon Yoon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center (KMPC), Seoul, South Korea
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Na JS, Jung HD, Cho HJ, Choi YJ, Lee JS. Computational analysis of airflow dynamics for predicting collapsible sites in the upper airways: a preliminary study. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2019; 126:330-340. [DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00522.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to detail the relationship between the flow and structure characteristics of the upper airways and airway collapsibility in obstructive sleep apnea. Using a computational approach, we performed simulations of the flow and structure of the upper airways in two patients having different facial morphologies: retruding and protruding jaws, respectively. First, transient flow simulation was performed using a prescribed volume flow rate to observe flow characteristics within upper airways with an unsteady effect. In the retruding jaw, the maximum magnitude of velocity and pressure drop with velocity shear and vortical motion was observed at the oropharyngeal level. In contrast, in the protruding jaw, the overall magnitude of velocity and pressure was relatively small. To identify the cause of the pressure drop in the retruding jaw, pressure gradient components induced by flow were examined. Of note, vortical motion was highly associated with pressure drop. Structure simulation was performed to observe the deformation and collapsibility of soft tissue around the upper airways using the surface pressure obtained from the flow simulation. At peak flow rate, the soft tissue of the retruding jaw was highly expanded, and a collapse was observed at the oropharyngeal and epiglottis levels. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Aerodynamic characteristics have been reported to correlate with airway occlusion. However, a detailed mechanism of the phenomenon within the upper airways and its impact on airway collapsibility remain poorly understood. This study provides in silico results for aerodynamic characteristics, such as vortical structure, pressure drop, and exact location of the obstruction using a computational approach. Large deformation of soft tissue was observed in the retruding jaw, suggesting that it is responsible for obstructive sleep apnea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Sung Na
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hwi-Dong Jung
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oral Science Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyung-Ju Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon Jeong Choi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Orthodontics, The Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joon Sang Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Orthodontics, The Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
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Cho HJ, Yoon JY, Kim N, Jang SY, Bae MH, Lee JH, Yang DH, Park HS, Cho Y, Chae SC. Predictive value of a fragmented QRS complex in diagnosing patients with myocardial ischemia. Clin Cardiol 2019; 42:379-384. [PMID: 30597592 PMCID: PMC6712309 DOI: 10.1002/clc.23148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A fragmented QRS complex (fQRS) is caused by conduction abnormalities of the ventricle secondary to myocardial ischemia and/or scar in patients with myocardial infarction. However, the implications of the fQRS in the development of coronary artery disease with myocardial ischemia in those without a scar remain unknown. Methods We studied electrocardiograms (ECGs) obtained from 150 patients (60.5 ± 8.5 years, 102 men) with myocardial ischemia, which was confirmed by performing both, a nuclear exercise stress test and coronary angiography. We also studied ECGs obtained from 601 patients (58.5 ± 10.0 years, 315 men) who showed a negative nuclear exercise stress test (control group). Patients in whom the nuclear exercise stress test showed a myocardial scar were excluded. Results An fQRS was more commonly observed in patients with myocardial ischemia (n = 48, 32.0%) than in the control group (n = 133, 22.1%) (P = 0.011). The sensitivity, specificity, positive, and negative predictive values of fQRS in diagnosing myocardial ischemia were 32.0, 77.9, 26.5, and 82.1%, respectively. The fQRS (odds ratio 1.580, 95% confidence interval 1.020‐2.446, P = 0.040) was an independent predictor of myocardial ischemia after adjusting for age, sex, current smoking habits, ST‐T changes on ECG, as well as histories of hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. Moreover, the fQRS showed an incremental prognostic value over conventional risk factors (χ2 = 5, P = 0.032) and over a combination of conventional factors and ST‐T changes (χ2 = 9, P = 0.014). Conclusions The fQRS is a moderately sensitive and independent predictor of myocardial ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Cho
- Department of Cardiology, Daegu Fatima Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - J Y Yoon
- Department of Cardiology, CHA Gumi Medical Center, CHA University, Gumi, Republic of Korea
| | - N Kim
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - S Y Jang
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - M H Bae
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Lee
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - D H Yang
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - H S Park
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Y Cho
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - S C Chae
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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Park SC, Hwang CS, Chung HJ, Purev M, Al Sharhan SS, Cho HJ, Yoon JH, Kim CH. Geographic and demographic variations of inhalant allergen sensitization in Koreans and non-Koreans. Allergol Int 2019; 68:68-76. [PMID: 30104152 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2018.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To diagnose and treat respiratory allergic diseases, it is important to identify the specific allergens involved. Many differences exist between common inhalant allergens depending on the residential environment and demographic factors. This study aimed to compare common inhalant allergens between Koreans and non-Koreans according to their residential region, age, and sex. METHODS This study evaluated 15,334 individuals who underwent serum tests for multiple allergen-specific immunoglobulin E at a tertiary academic medical center between January 2010 and December 2016. The individuals included 14,786 Koreans and 548 non-Koreans. The AdvanSure™ Allostation assay (LG Life Science, Korea) was used to test for 33 inhalant allergens. RESULTS The house dust mite (HDM) was the most common allergen in both Koreans and non-Koreans, although the proportion of individuals with HDM sensitization was greater among Koreans. High sensitization rates for various pollen types were detected among Koreans in Gangwon region, whereas Japanese cedar pollen was unique among Koreans in Jeju region. Grass pollen and animal dander were relatively common among individuals from the Americas, whereas weed and grass pollen accounted for the 10 most common allergens for individuals from Central Asia. The total sensitization rate, sensitization to HDM, and sensitization to animal dander peaked among adolescents and young adults, then subsequently decreased with age. CONCLUSIONS This large-scale study demonstrates that various regional and age-related differences exist in the allergen sensitization rates of Koreans and non-Koreans. These data could be useful for development of avoidance measures, immunotherapy for causative allergens, and policymaking regarding allergic diseases.
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Abstract
The airway epithelium is the first place, where a defense mechanism is initiated against environmental stimuli. Mucociliary transport (MCT), which is the defense mechanism of the airway and the role of airway epithelium as mechanical barriers are essential in innate immunity. To maintain normal physiologic function, normal oxygenation is critical for the production of energy for optimal cellular functions. Several pathologic conditions are associated with a decrease in oxygen tension in airway epithelium and chronic sinusitis is one of the airway diseases, which is associated with the hypoxic condition, a potent inflammatory stimulant. We have observed the overexpression of the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1), an essential factor for oxygen homeostasis, in the epithelium of sinus mucosa in sinusitis patients. In a series of previous reports, we have found hypoxia-induced mucus hyperproduction, especially by MUC5AC hyperproduction, disruption of epithelial barrier function by the production of VEGF, and down-regulation of junctional proteins such as ZO-1 and E-cadherin. Furthermore, hypoxia-induced inflammation by HMGB1 translocation into the cytoplasm results in the release of IL-8 through a ROS-dependent mechanism in upper airway epithelium. In this mini-review, we briefly introduce and summarize current progress in the pathogenesis of sinusitis related to hypoxia. The investigation of hypoxia-related pathophysiology in airway epithelium will suggest new insights on airway inflammatory diseases, such as rhinosinusitis for clinical application and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung-Ju Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, and The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Chang-Hoon Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, and The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
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