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Bir J, Rojo-Bartolomé I, de Cerio OD, Ortiz-Zarragoitia M, Cancio I. Method for the molecular and quantitative identification of oocytes and their developmental stage in teleost fish gonads. MethodsX 2024; 12:102526. [PMID: 38192358 PMCID: PMC10772806 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2023.102526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Fish display diverse reproductive strategies and their gametogenesis is influenced by numerous genetic, physiological and environmental factors. The analysis of 5S rRNA expression levels in gonads has been proposed as useful method for the molecular identification of the presence of oocytes in fish tissues. The present method provides an easy and unbiased approach to analyse the expression of tRNAs and 5S rRNA in teleost gonads and stablish the presence and developmental stage of oocytes. Total RNA extracted from gonads is analysed through capillary electrophoresis in a Bioanalyzer 2100 (Agilent Technologies) using Small RNA Assays. Electropherograms allow quantifying the concentrations of tRNAs, 5S rRNA and 5.8S rRNA per sample and calculate their tRNA/5.8S rRNA and 5S/5.8S rRNA indices. Both indices clearly differentiate ovaries from testes and can be used to identify testes that present oocytes due to exposure to environmental xenoestrogens. The tRNA/5.8S and 5S/5.8S indices show the highest values in ovaries in previtellogenic stage, values decreasing as they advance towards maturity.•Detailed molecular method to sex fish and quantitatively identify the maturity stage of females.•tRNA levels in gonads can help in the study of teleost reproduction (female fecundity assessment, molecular gonad sexing) and environmental health assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyanta Bir
- Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, CBET Research Group, Fac. Science and Technology and Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Areatza 47, Plentzia E-48620, Spain
- School of Life Sciences, Fisheries and Marine Resources Technology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Iratxe Rojo-Bartolomé
- Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, CBET Research Group, Fac. Science and Technology and Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Areatza 47, Plentzia E-48620, Spain
| | - Oihane Diaz de Cerio
- Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, CBET Research Group, Fac. Science and Technology and Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Areatza 47, Plentzia E-48620, Spain
| | - Maren Ortiz-Zarragoitia
- Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, CBET Research Group, Fac. Science and Technology and Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Areatza 47, Plentzia E-48620, Spain
| | - Ibon Cancio
- Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, CBET Research Group, Fac. Science and Technology and Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Areatza 47, Plentzia E-48620, Spain
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Wittner R, Holub P, Mascia C, Frexia F, Müller H, Plass M, Allocca C, Betsou F, Burdett T, Cancio I, Chapman A, Chapman M, Courtot M, Curcin V, Eder J, Elliot M, Exter K, Goble C, Golebiewski M, Kisler B, Kremer A, Leo S, Lin‐Gibson S, Marsano A, Mattavelli M, Moore J, Nakae H, Perseil I, Salman A, Sluka J, Soiland‐Reyes S, Strambio‐De‐Castillia C, Sussman M, Swedlow JR, Zatloukal K, Geiger J. Toward a common standard for data and specimen provenance in life sciences. Learn Health Syst 2024; 8:e10365. [PMID: 38249839 PMCID: PMC10797572 DOI: 10.1002/lrh2.10365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Open and practical exchange, dissemination, and reuse of specimens and data have become a fundamental requirement for life sciences research. The quality of the data obtained and thus the findings and knowledge derived is thus significantly influenced by the quality of the samples, the experimental methods, and the data analysis. Therefore, a comprehensive and precise documentation of the pre-analytical conditions, the analytical procedures, and the data processing are essential to be able to assess the validity of the research results. With the increasing importance of the exchange, reuse, and sharing of data and samples, procedures are required that enable cross-organizational documentation, traceability, and non-repudiation. At present, this information on the provenance of samples and data is mostly either sparse, incomplete, or incoherent. Since there is no uniform framework, this information is usually only provided within the organization and not interoperably. At the same time, the collection and sharing of biological and environmental specimens increasingly require definition and documentation of benefit sharing and compliance to regulatory requirements rather than consideration of pure scientific needs. In this publication, we present an ongoing standardization effort to provide trustworthy machine-actionable documentation of the data lineage and specimens. We would like to invite experts from the biotechnology and biomedical fields to further contribute to the standard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudolf Wittner
- BBMRI‐ERICGrazAustria
- Institute of Computer Science & Faculty of InformaticsMasaryk UniversityBrnoCzechia
| | - Petr Holub
- BBMRI‐ERICGrazAustria
- Institute of Computer Science & Faculty of InformaticsMasaryk UniversityBrnoCzechia
| | - Cecilia Mascia
- CRS4—Center for Advanced StudiesResearch and Development in SardiniaPulaItaly
| | - Francesca Frexia
- CRS4—Center for Advanced StudiesResearch and Development in SardiniaPulaItaly
| | | | | | - Clare Allocca
- National Institute of Standards and TechnologyGaithersburgMarylandUSA
| | - Fay Betsou
- Biological Resource Center of Institut Pasteur (CRBIP)ParisFrance
| | - Tony Burdett
- EMBL's European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL‐EBI)CambridgeUK
| | - Ibon Cancio
- Plentzia Marine Station (PiE‐UPV/EHU)University of the Basque Country, EMBRC‐SpainBilbaoSpain
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Mark Elliot
- Department of Social Statistics, School of Social SciencesUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - Katrina Exter
- Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ), EMBRC‐BelgiumOstendBelgium
| | - Carole Goble
- Department of Computer ScienceUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - Martin Golebiewski
- Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies (HITS gGmbH)HeidelbergGermany
| | | | | | - Simone Leo
- CRS4—Center for Advanced StudiesResearch and Development in SardiniaPulaItaly
| | | | - Anna Marsano
- Department of BiomedicineUniversity of BaselBaselSwitzerland
| | - Marco Mattavelli
- SCI‐STI‐MMÉcole Politechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Josh Moore
- Centre for Gene Regulation and Expression and Division of Computational Biology, School of Life SciencesUniversity of DundeeDundeeUK
- German BioImaging–Gesellschaft für Mikroskopie und Bildanalyse e.V.KonstanzGermany
| | - Hiroki Nakae
- Japan bio‐Measurement and Analysis ConsortiumTokyoJapan
| | - Isabelle Perseil
- INSERM–Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche MedicaleParisFrance
| | - Ayat Salman
- Standards Council of CanadaOttawaOntarioCanada
- Canadian Primary Care Sentinel Surveillance Network (CPCSSN) Department of Family MedicineQueen's UniversityKingstonOntarioCanada
| | - James Sluka
- Biocomplexity InstituteIndiana UniversityBloomingtonIndianaUSA
| | - Stian Soiland‐Reyes
- Department of Computer ScienceUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
- Informatics InstituteUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | | | - Michael Sussman
- US Department of AgricultureWashingtonDistrict of ColumbiaUSA
| | - Jason R. Swedlow
- Centre for Gene Regulation and Expression and Division of Computational Biology, School of Life SciencesUniversity of DundeeDundeeUK
| | | | - Jörg Geiger
- Interdisciplinary Bank of Biomaterials and Data Würzburg (ibdw)WürzburgGermany
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Nzioka A, Cancio I, Diaz de Cerio O, Pinto E, Almeida A, Correia AT. Otolith shape and elemental signatures provide insights into the connectivity of euryhaline Chelon labrosus inhabiting two close estuaries with different burdens of xenoestrogens in the Southern Bay of Biscay. Mar Environ Res 2023; 189:106075. [PMID: 37419023 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.106075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Intersex gonads have been observed in thicklip grey mullet Chelon labrosus, inhabiting estuaries with high burdens of xenoestrogens in the Southeast Bay of Biscay, but knowledge of population connectivity among estuaries is lacking for this euryhaline fish species. This study investigates the population structure of C. labrosus using otolith shape and elemental signatures of 60 adults (overall length ∼ 38 cm) from two estuaries 21 nautic miles apart, one with a high incidence of intersex condition (Gernika), and the other one pristine (Plentzia). Otolith shape analyses were performed using elliptical Fourier descriptors, while elemental signatures of whole sagittae were obtained by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrophotometry. Univariate and multivariate statistics were applied to determine if otolith signatures show patterns of homogeneity between estuaries. The data indicated significant differences in the otolith shape and elemental composition between mullets of Gernika and Plentzia. Elemental differences were mainly driven by Sr, Li (both higher in Plentzia) and Ba (higher in Gernika). The 98% re-classification success rate obtained from stepwise linear discriminant function analysis suggests that Gernika and Plentzia individuals form separated population units. The limited connectivity between these two close estuaries would indicate a different life history of exposure to chemicals, which might explain the high prevalence of intersex condition in Gernika and its absence in Plenztia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Nzioka
- CBET Research Group, Dept. Zoology & Animal Cell Biology; Faculty of Science & Technology and Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Areatza Hiribidea s/n, 48620, Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Ibon Cancio
- CBET Research Group, Dept. Zoology & Animal Cell Biology; Faculty of Science & Technology and Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Areatza Hiribidea s/n, 48620, Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain.
| | - Oihane Diaz de Cerio
- CBET Research Group, Dept. Zoology & Animal Cell Biology; Faculty of Science & Technology and Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Areatza Hiribidea s/n, 48620, Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Edgar Pinto
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmacia (FFUP), Universidade do Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050- 313, Porto, Portugal; Departamento de Saúde Ambiental, Escola Superior de Saúde, P. Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 400, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
| | - Agostinho Almeida
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmacia (FFUP), Universidade do Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050- 313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Alberto Teodorico Correia
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos S/N 4550-208, Matosinhos, Portugal; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal; Departamento de Biologia e Ambiente (DeBA), Escola de Ciências da Vida e do Ambiente (ECVA), Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5001-801, Vila Real, Portugal
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Nzioka A, Madeira MJ, Kokokiris L, Ortiz-Zarrogoitia M, Diaz de Cerio O, Cancio I. Lack of genetic structure in euryhaline Chelon labrosus from the estuaries under anthropic pressure in the Southern Bay of Biscay to the coastal waters of the Mediterranean Sea. Mar Environ Res 2023; 189:106058. [PMID: 37379782 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.106058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Over the last decade, xenoestrogenic effects have been reported in populations of thicklip grey mullet Chelon labrosus from contaminated estuaries in the Bay of Biscay, resulting in intersex condition. To understand the level of gene flow in individuals of different Basque estuaries microsatellite markers were used to evaluate the population structure and connectivity of C. labrosus from estuaries of the Basque coast. 46 microsatellites were tested and 10 validated for the analysis of 204 individuals collected from 5 selected Basque estuaries and 2 outgroups in the Bay of Cadiz and Thermaic Gulf. The polymorphic microsatellites revealed 74 total alleles, 2-19 alleles per locus. The mean observed heterozygosity (0.49 ± 0.02) was lower than the expected one (0.53 ± 0.01). There was no evidence of genetic differentiation (FST = 0.0098, P = 0.0000) among individuals or sites. Bayesian clustering analysis revealed a single population in all sampled locations. The results of this study indicate widespread genetic homogeneity and panmixia of C. labrosus across the current sampling areas spanning the Atlantic and Mediterranean basins. The hypothesis of panmixia could therefore be well supported so individuals inhabiting estuaries with high prevalence of intersex condition should be considered as members of the same single genetic group as those inhabiting adjacent estuaries without incidence of xenoestrogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Nzioka
- CBET Research Group, Dept. Zoology & Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science & Technology and Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Areatza Hiribidea s/n, 48620, Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - María José Madeira
- SystBioGen Research Group, Dept. Zoology & Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science & Technology and Lucio Lascaray Research Centre, University of the Basque Country, Calle Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Lambros Kokokiris
- Department of Nutritional Sciences & Dietetics, International Hellenic University, P.O. 141 Sindos, 57400, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maren Ortiz-Zarrogoitia
- CBET Research Group, Dept. Zoology & Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science & Technology and Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Areatza Hiribidea s/n, 48620, Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Oihane Diaz de Cerio
- CBET Research Group, Dept. Zoology & Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science & Technology and Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Areatza Hiribidea s/n, 48620, Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Ibon Cancio
- CBET Research Group, Dept. Zoology & Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science & Technology and Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Areatza Hiribidea s/n, 48620, Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain.
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Bir J, Rojo-Bartolomé I, Lekube X, Diaz de Cerio O, Ortiz-Zarragoitia M, Cancio I. High production of transfer RNAs identifies the presence of developing oocytes in ovaries and intersex testes of teleost fish. Mar Environ Res 2023; 186:105907. [PMID: 36774708 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.105907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
5S rRNA is highly transcribed in fish oocytes and this transcription levels can be used to identify the presence of oocytes in the intersex testes of fish exposed to xenoestrogens. Similar to 5S rRNA, tRNAs are transcribed by RNA polymerase III (Pol-III) in eukaryotes, so this study focuses in the analysis of the levels of expression of tRNAs in the gonads (ovaries and testes) of eight teleost species as a possible new oocyte molecular marker. Total RNA extracted from gonads of six commercial teleost species in the Biscay Bay, from the pollution sentinel species thicklip grey mullet (Chelon labrosus) known present intersex testes in response to xenoestrogens in Gernika estuary and from the laboratory model species Danio rerio were analysed through capillary electrophoresis. Bioanalyzer electropherograms were used to quantify the concentrations of tRNAs, 5S and 5.8S rRNA. All studied ovaries expressed significantly higher levels of tRNAs and 5S rRNA than testes. A tRNA to 5.8S rRNA index was calculated which differentiates ovaries from testes, and identifies some intersex testes in between testes and ovaries in mullets. The tRNA/5.8S ratio was highest in ovaries in previtellogenic stage, decreasing towards maturity. Thus, strong oocyte expression of tRNAs is an additional proof of high activity levels of Pol-III during early stages of oocyte development in teleost ovaries. Incidentally, we observed that miRNA concentrations were always higher in testes than ovaries. The indexing approach developed in the present study could have multiple applications in teleost reproduction research and in the development of early molecular markers of intersex condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyanta Bir
- CBET Research Group, Dept. of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Fac. Science and Technology and Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Areatza 47, 48620, Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain; Fisheries and Marine Resources Technology Discipline, School of Life Sciences, Khulna University, Khulna, 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Iratxe Rojo-Bartolomé
- CBET Research Group, Dept. of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Fac. Science and Technology and Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Areatza 47, 48620, Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Xabier Lekube
- Biscay Bay Environmental Biospecimen Bank (BBEBB), Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Areatza 47, 48620, Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Oihane Diaz de Cerio
- CBET Research Group, Dept. of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Fac. Science and Technology and Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Areatza 47, 48620, Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Maren Ortiz-Zarragoitia
- CBET Research Group, Dept. of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Fac. Science and Technology and Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Areatza 47, 48620, Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Ibon Cancio
- CBET Research Group, Dept. of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Fac. Science and Technology and Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Areatza 47, 48620, Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain.
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Nzioka A, Valencia A, Atxaerandio-Landa A, Diaz de Cerio O, Hossain MA, Korta M, Ortiz-Zarragoitia M, Cancio I. Apoptosis and autophagy-related gene transcription during ovarian follicular atresia in European hake (Merluccius merluccius). Mar Environ Res 2023; 183:105846. [PMID: 36521304 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2022.105846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Follicular atresia is an energy-saving oocyte resorption process that can allow the survival of female fish when environmental conditions are unfavourable and at the expense of fecundity. This study investigated the transcription levels of apoptosis and autophagy-related genes during atresia in the European hake that can show episodes of increased follicular atresia throughout the reproductive cycle. 169 female individuals were collected from the Bay of Biscay, and the ovaries were analysed using histological and molecular methods. Different levels of atresia were histologically detected in 73.7% of the ovaries analysed and the TUNEL assay identified apoptotic nuclei in follicles from both previtellogenic and vitellogenic stages. Transcripts of beclin-1 and ptenb were up-regulated in the ovaries containing atretic follicles, whereas p53, caspase-3, cathepsin D and dapk1 were up-regulated only in ovaries presenting vitellogenic atretic follicles. Our results indicate different implications of apoptotic vs autophagic processes leading to atresia during oocyte development, vitellogenesis being the moment of maximal apoptotic and autophagic activity in atretic hakes. The analysed genes could provide early warning biomarkers to identify follicular atresia in fish and evaluate fecundity in fish stocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Nzioka
- CBET Research Group, Dept. Zoology & Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science & Technology and Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country, Areatza Hiribidea s/n, 48620, Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Ainara Valencia
- CBET Research Group, Dept. Zoology & Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science & Technology and Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country, Areatza Hiribidea s/n, 48620, Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Aitor Atxaerandio-Landa
- CBET Research Group, Dept. Zoology & Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science & Technology and Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country, Areatza Hiribidea s/n, 48620, Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Oihane Diaz de Cerio
- CBET Research Group, Dept. Zoology & Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science & Technology and Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country, Areatza Hiribidea s/n, 48620, Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Mohammad Amzad Hossain
- CBET Research Group, Dept. Zoology & Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science & Technology and Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country, Areatza Hiribidea s/n, 48620, Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Maria Korta
- AZTI-Tecnalia, Herrera Kaia, Portualdea z/g, 20110, Pasaia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Maren Ortiz-Zarragoitia
- CBET Research Group, Dept. Zoology & Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science & Technology and Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country, Areatza Hiribidea s/n, 48620, Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Ibon Cancio
- CBET Research Group, Dept. Zoology & Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science & Technology and Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country, Areatza Hiribidea s/n, 48620, Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain.
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7
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Scholz AH, Lange M, Habekost P, Oldham P, Cancio I, Cochrane G, Freitag J. Myth-busting the provider-user relationship for digital sequence information. Gigascience 2021; 10:giab085. [PMID: 34966927 PMCID: PMC8716360 DOI: 10.1093/gigascience/giab085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) formally recognized the sovereign rights of nations over their biological diversity. Implicit within the treaty is the idea that mega-biodiverse countries will provide genetic resources and grant access to them and scientists in high-income countries will use these resources and share back benefits. However, little research has been conducted on how this framework is reflected in real-life scientific practice. RESULT Currently, parties to the CBD are debating whether digital sequence information (DSI) should be regulated under a new benefit-sharing framework. At this critical time point in the upcoming international negotiations, we test the fundamental hypothesis of provision and use of DSI by looking at the global patterns of access and use in scientific publications. CONCLUSION Our data reject the provider-user relationship and suggest a far more complex information flow for DSI. Therefore, any new policy decisions on DSI should be aware of the high level of use of DSI across low- and middle-income countries and seek to preserve open access to this crucial common good.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber Hartman Scholz
- Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures GmbH, Department of Microbial Ecology and Diversity, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Matthias Lange
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Department of Breeding Research, OT Gatersleben, 06466 Seeland, Germany
| | - Pia Habekost
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Department of Breeding Research, OT Gatersleben, 06466 Seeland, Germany
| | - Paul Oldham
- Manchester Institute of Innovation Research, Alliance Manchester Business School, Manchester University, Manchester, M15 6PB, UK
| | - Ibon Cancio
- Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology of Plentzia (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), EMBRC-Spain, E-48620, Plentzia, Spain
| | - Guy Cochrane
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Jens Freitag
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Department of Breeding Research, OT Gatersleben, 06466 Seeland, Germany
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Rahdari A, Khoshkholgh M, Yarmohammadi M, Ortiz-Zarragoitia M, Lokman PM, Akhavan SR, de Cerio OD, Cancio I, Falahatkar B. The effects of 11-ketotestosterone implants on transcript levels of gonadotropin receptors, and foxl2 and dmrt1 genes in the Previtellogenic ovary of cultured beluga (Huso huso). J Fish Biol 2020; 97:374-382. [PMID: 32388872 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.14366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The in vivo effect of 11-ketotestosterone (11KT) on transcript levels of the gonadotropin receptors (fshr and lhr) and sex differentiation-related genes (dmrt1 and foxl2) was examined in the ovaries of immature female beluga. For this purpose, six fish were treated with implants containing 2.5 mg 11KT and a placebo group of six females of the same age and gametogenic stage were given a blank implant. The implants were intraperitoneally inserted into 4-year-old females at the previtellogenic stage (mean body weight 5580 ± 165 g) and maintained under culture conditions for 8 weeks. Ovary samples for gene expression analysis of lhr, fshr, dmrt1 and foxl2 were collected by biopsy at 3 and 8 weeks post implantation. Diameters of oocytes increased in response to 11KT treatment, both at 3 and at 8 weeks post implantation, but no obvious changes were evident in cytology. Three weeks of 11KT treatment did not affect target gene expression, but a tendency for a time-dependent decrease of lhr and dmrt1 mRNA levels was observed in both treatment and placebo groups. By 8 weeks of treatment, however, 11KT implants provoked the upregulation of fshr and foxl2 transcript levels. Furthermore, lhr and dmrt1 transcript abundances recovered by 8 weeks of exposure in both blank- and 11KT-implanted beluga. These results suggest that 11KT, either directly or indirectly, may affect gametogenesis and regulate some key components of the reproductive axis in female beluga.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdolali Rahdari
- Fisheries Department, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Sowmeh Sara, Iran
- Department of Fisheries, Hamoun International Wetland Research Institute, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
| | - Majidreza Khoshkholgh
- Fisheries Department, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Sowmeh Sara, Iran
| | - Mahtab Yarmohammadi
- International Sturgeon Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization, Rasht, Iran
| | - Maren Ortiz-Zarragoitia
- Cell Biology in Environmental Toxicology Research Group, Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology and Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology, University of the Basque Country, Basque Country, Spain
| | | | - Sobhan R Akhavan
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Oihane Diaz de Cerio
- Cell Biology in Environmental Toxicology Research Group, Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology and Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology, University of the Basque Country, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Ibon Cancio
- Cell Biology in Environmental Toxicology Research Group, Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology and Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology, University of the Basque Country, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Bahram Falahatkar
- Fisheries Department, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Sowmeh Sara, Iran
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Simon A, Arbiol C, Nielsen EE, Couteau J, Sussarellu R, Burgeot T, Bernard I, Coolen JWP, Lamy J, Robert S, Skazina M, Strelkov P, Queiroga H, Cancio I, Welch JJ, Viard F, Bierne N. Replicated anthropogenic hybridisations reveal parallel patterns of admixture in marine mussels. Evol Appl 2020; 13:575-599. [PMID: 32431737 PMCID: PMC7045717 DOI: 10.1111/eva.12879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Human-mediated transport creates secondary contacts between genetically differentiated lineages, bringing new opportunities for gene exchange. When similar introductions occur in different places, they provide informally replicated experiments for studying hybridisation. We here examined 4,279 Mytilus mussels, sampled in Europe and genotyped with 77 ancestry-informative markers. We identified a type of introduced mussels, called "dock mussels," associated with port habitats and displaying a particular genetic signal of admixture between M. edulis and the Mediterranean lineage of M. galloprovincialis. These mussels exhibit similarities in their ancestry compositions, regardless of the local native genetic backgrounds and the distance separating colonised ports. We observed fine-scale genetic shifts at the port entrance, at scales below natural dispersal distance. Such sharp clines do not fit with migration-selection tension zone models, and instead suggest habitat choice and early-stage adaptation to the port environment, possibly coupled with connectivity barriers. Variations in the spread and admixture patterns of dock mussels seem to be influenced by the local native genetic backgrounds encountered. We next examined departures from the average admixture rate at different loci, and compared human-mediated admixture events, to naturally admixed populations and experimental crosses. When the same M. galloprovincialis background was involved, positive correlations in the departures of loci across locations were found; but when different backgrounds were involved, no or negative correlations were observed. While some observed positive correlations might be best explained by a shared history and saltatory colonisation, others are likely produced by parallel selective events. Altogether, genome-wide effect of admixture seems repeatable and more dependent on genetic background than environmental context. Our results pave the way towards further genomic analyses of admixture, and monitoring of the spread of dock mussels both at large and at fine spacial scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Simon
- ISEMUniv MontpellierCNRSEPHEIRDMontpellierFrance
| | | | - Einar Eg Nielsen
- Section for Marine Living ResourcesNational Institute of Aquatic ResourcesTechnical University of DenmarkSilkeborgDenmark
| | | | - Rossana Sussarellu
- Ifremer Unité Biogéochimie et ÉcotoxicologieCentre AtlantiqueNantesFrance
| | - Thierry Burgeot
- Ifremer Unité Biogéochimie et ÉcotoxicologieCentre AtlantiqueNantesFrance
| | | | - Joop W. P. Coolen
- Wageningen Marine ResearchDen HelderThe Netherlands
- Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management GroupWageningen UniversityWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Jean‐Baptiste Lamy
- SG2M‐LGPMMLaboratoire de Génétique et Pathologie des Mollusques MarinsIfremerLa TrembladeFrance
| | - Stéphane Robert
- SG2M‐LGPMMLaboratoire de Génétique et Pathologie des Mollusques MarinsIfremerLa TrembladeFrance
| | - Maria Skazina
- St. Petersburg State UniversitySt. PetersburgRussia
- Laboratory of Monitoring and Conservation of Natural Arctic EcosystemsMurmansk Arctic State UniversityMurmanskRussia
| | - Petr Strelkov
- St. Petersburg State UniversitySt. PetersburgRussia
- Laboratory of Monitoring and Conservation of Natural Arctic EcosystemsMurmansk Arctic State UniversityMurmanskRussia
| | | | - Ibon Cancio
- CBET Research GroupDepartment of Zoology and Animal Cell BiologyFaculty Science and Technology and Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE‐UPV/EHU)University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)BilbaoSpain
| | - John J. Welch
- Department of GeneticsUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Frédérique Viard
- Department AD2MUPMC Univ Paris 06CNRSUMR 7144Station BiologiqueSorbonne UniversitésRoscoffFrance
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10
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Valencia A, Andrieu J, Nzioka A, Cancio I, Ortiz-Zarragoitia M. Transcription pattern of reproduction relevant genes along the brain-pituitary-gonad axis of female, male and intersex thicklip grey mullets, Chelon labrosus, from a polluted harbor. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2020; 287:113339. [PMID: 31759976 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2019.113339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The reproductive cycle of teleost fishes is regulated by the brain-pituitary-gonad (BPG) axis. The transcription profile of genes involved in the reproduction signalling in the BPG-axis differs in females and males during the gametogenic cycle. Impacts of endocrine disrupting chemicals on these signalling pathways in fish are known, but the participation of the BPG-axis in the development of the intersex condition is not well understood. Intersex thicklip grey mullets (Chelon labrosus) have been identified in several estuaries from the SE Bay of Biscay, revealing the presence of feminizing contaminants in the area. In previous studies, transcription patterns of genes related with steroidogenesis and gamete growth have been shown to differ among female, male and intersex mullets. However, many components of the reproduction control have not been studied yet. The aim of this study was to assess the transcription levels of target BPG-axis genes in female, male and intersex mullets captured in the polluted harbour of Pasaia, during their gametogenic cycle. After histologically examining the gonads, the transcription levels of previously sequenced target genes were measured by qPCR: kiss2, gpr54 and gnrh1 in brain, fshβ and lhβ in pituitary and fshr and lhr in gonads. In both females and males, brain genes were most transcribed in early gametogenesis, proving their relevance in the onset of both oogenesis and spermatogenesis. Pituitary gonadotropins in females showed upregulation as oogenesis progressed, reaching the highest transcription levels at vitellogenic stage, while in males transcript levels were constant during spermatogenesis. Transcription levels of gonadotropin receptors showed different patterns in ovaries and testes, suggesting differing function in relation to gametogenesis and maturation. Intersex mullets showed transcription levels of brain target genes similar to those observed in females at cortical alveoli stage and to those in mid spermatogenic males. In intersex testes the transcription pattern of gonadotropin receptor fshr was downregulated in comparison to non-intersex testes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainara Valencia
- CBET Research Group, Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU) and Zoology and Cell Biology Dept, (Faculty of Science and Technology), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), E-48080, Bilbao, PO Box 644, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Josu Andrieu
- CBET Research Group, Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU) and Zoology and Cell Biology Dept, (Faculty of Science and Technology), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), E-48080, Bilbao, PO Box 644, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Anthony Nzioka
- CBET Research Group, Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU) and Zoology and Cell Biology Dept, (Faculty of Science and Technology), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), E-48080, Bilbao, PO Box 644, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Ibon Cancio
- CBET Research Group, Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU) and Zoology and Cell Biology Dept, (Faculty of Science and Technology), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), E-48080, Bilbao, PO Box 644, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Maren Ortiz-Zarragoitia
- CBET Research Group, Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU) and Zoology and Cell Biology Dept, (Faculty of Science and Technology), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), E-48080, Bilbao, PO Box 644, Basque Country, Spain.
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11
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Rojo-Bartolomé I, Santana de Souza JE, Diaz de Cerio O, Cancio I. Duplication and subfunctionalisation of the general transcription factor IIIA (gtf3a) gene in teleost genomes, with ovarian specific transcription of gtf3ab. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0227690. [PMID: 31999691 PMCID: PMC6991959 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Fish oogenesis is characterised by a massive growth of oocytes each reproductive season. This growth requires the stockpiling of certain molecules, such as ribosomal RNAs to assist the rapid ribosomal assembly and protein synthesis required to allow developmental processes in the newly formed embryo. Massive 5S rRNA expression in oocytes, facilitated by transcription factor 3A (Gtf3a), serves as marker of intersex condition in fish exposed to xenoestrogens. Our present work on Gtf3a gene evolution has been analysed in silico in teleost genomes and functionally in the case of the zebrafish Danio rerio. Synteny-analysis of fish genomes has allowed the identification of two gtf3a paralog genes, probably emerged from the teleost specific genome duplication event. Functional analyses demonstrated that gtf3ab has evolved as a gene specially transcribed in oocytes as observed in Danio rerio, and also in Oreochromis niloticus. Instead, gtf3aa was observed to be ubiquitously expressed. In addition, in zebrafish embryos gtf3aa transcription began with the activation of the zygotic genome (~8 hpf), while gtf3ab transcription began only at the onset of oogenesis. Under exposure to 100 ng/L 17β-estradiol, fully feminised 61 dpf zebrafish showed transcription of ovarian gtf3ab, while masculinised (100 ng/L 17α-methyltestosterone treated) zebrafish only transcribed gtf3aa. Sex related transcription of gtf3ab coincided with that of cyp19a1a being opposite to that of amh and dmrt1. Such sex dimorphic pattern of gtf3ab transcription was not observed earlier in larvae that had not yet shown any signs of gonad formation after 26 days of oestradiol exposure. Thus, gtf3ab transcription is a consequence of oocyte differentiation and not a direct result of estrogen exposure, and could constitute a useful marker of gonad feminisation and intersex condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iratxe Rojo-Bartolomé
- CBET Research Group, Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU) and Dept. of Zoology and Cell Biology (Fac. Science and Technology), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Jorge Estefano Santana de Souza
- Bioinformatics Multidisciplinary Environment – BioME, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Oihane Diaz de Cerio
- CBET Research Group, Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU) and Dept. of Zoology and Cell Biology (Fac. Science and Technology), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Ibon Cancio
- CBET Research Group, Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU) and Dept. of Zoology and Cell Biology (Fac. Science and Technology), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
- * E-mail:
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12
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Rey PJ, Cancio I, Manzaneda AJ, González-Robles A, Valera F, Salido T, Alcántara JM. Regeneration of a keystone semiarid shrub over its range in Spain: habitat degradation overrides the positive effects of plant-animal mutualisms. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2018; 20:1083-1092. [PMID: 29933518 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Global change drivers are currently affecting semiarid ecosystems. Because these ecosystems differ from others in biotic and abiotic filters, cues for plant regeneration and management derived from elsewhere may not be applicable to semiarid ecosystems. We sought to determine the extent to which regional variation in regeneration prospects of a long-lived semiarid keystone shrub depends on anthropogenic habitat degradation, plant-animal interactions and climate determinants. We investigated the regeneration ability (via population size structure, juvenile density and juvenile/adult ratio), fruit set and seed dispersal of Ziziphus lotus in 25 localities spanning the range of its threatened habitats in Spain. We dissected the relative contribution of different regeneration determinants using multiple regression and structural equation modelling. Population regeneration was extremely poor, and size structures were biased towards large classes and low juvenile densities and juvenile/adult ratios. Poor regeneration was often coincident with seed dispersal collapse. However, the positive effect of seed dispersal on population regeneration disappeared after considering its relationship with habitat degradation. Protected areas did have juveniles. Together, these data suggest that habitat degradation directly impacts juvenile establishment. Our results provide insights into habitat and species management at the regional level. Z. lotus populations are currently driven by persistence-based dynamics through the longevity of the species. Nonetheless, collapsed seed dispersal, poor regeneration and the removal of adults from their habitats forecast extinction of Z. lotus in many remnants. The extreme longevity of Z. lotus provides opportunities for recovery of its populations and habitats through effective enforcement of regulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- P J Rey
- Departamento de Biología Animal, Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Universidad de Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - I Cancio
- Departamento de Biología Animal, Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Universidad de Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - A J Manzaneda
- Departamento de Biología Animal, Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Universidad de Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - A González-Robles
- Departamento de Biología Animal, Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Universidad de Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - F Valera
- Estación Experimental de Zonas Áridas, EEZA-CSIC, Almería, Spain
| | - T Salido
- Departamento de Biología Animal, Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Universidad de Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - J M Alcántara
- Departamento de Biología Animal, Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Universidad de Jaén, Jaén, Spain
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13
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Diaz de Cerio O, Bilbao E, Izagirre U, Etxebarria N, Moreno G, Díez G, Cajaraville MP, Cancio I. Toxicology tailored low density oligonucleotide microarray for the thicklip grey mullets (Chelon labrosus): Biomarker gene transcription profile after caging in a polluted harbour. Mar Environ Res 2018; 140:265-277. [PMID: 30042060 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2018.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In aquatic organisms inhabiting polluted waters genes are activated to build an adaptive/compensatory defence against the possible effects of pollutants. Such responses can be used as biomarkers of exposure to chemical compounds, outlining the molecular mechanisms activated under specific pollution scenarios. With the aim of exploiting such approach in environmental health assessment, toxicologically relevant gene fragments were sequenced in the thicklip grey mullet (Chelon labrosus) and a toxicologically tailored low-density (160 genes) oligonucleotide microarray was customised. The tool was validated comparing organ/sex specific gene expression profiles and characterising responses under laboratory exposure to model chemicals. Finally, juvenile mullets were caged in a polluted harbour and hepatic gene expression profiles analysed after 5 and 21 days of deployment. Cages were deployed in the inner (IH) and outer (OH) Pasaia harbour, Bay of Biscay. Mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) were also caged as biological matrix for chemical bioaccumulation analysis and stress biomarkers measurements. Slightly higher concentrations of chemicals (metals, tributyltin, PAHs, phthalates) were quantified in IH than in OH, fish bile metabolites also revealing higher availability of PAHs in IH. Lysosome membrane stability in mussels was reduced, indicating stress condition in both sites. The developed microarray discriminated mullets showing distinctive expression profiles depending on site and deployment time. Genes related to immune and hypoxia responses were regulated comparing IH and OH at day 5. Phase I and II biotransformation genes, such as cyp2, cyp3 and ugt, were up-regulated in IH, together with the aryl hydrocarbon receptor 2 (ahr2) and the ahr repressor. Similarly, TBT-binding proteins and genes involved in lipid metabolism (pparγ, cyp7) were up-regulated with deployment time. Even if nowadays higher throughput approaches for gene expression analyses are available, the developed mullet tool constitutes a comprehensive tool to assess molecular responses of mullets exposed to pollutants, although it remains to be explored whether it can be applied to assess pollutant exposure in active pollution monitorings and in environmental health assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Diaz de Cerio
- CBET Res. Group. Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU) and Zoology and Cell Biology Dept. (Fac. Science and Technology), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), E-48080, Bilbao, PO Box 644, Basque Country, Spain
| | - E Bilbao
- CBET Res. Group. Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU) and Zoology and Cell Biology Dept. (Fac. Science and Technology), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), E-48080, Bilbao, PO Box 644, Basque Country, Spain
| | - U Izagirre
- CBET Res. Group. Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU) and Zoology and Cell Biology Dept. (Fac. Science and Technology), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), E-48080, Bilbao, PO Box 644, Basque Country, Spain
| | - N Etxebarria
- IBEA Res Group. Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU) and Analytical Chemistry Dept. (Fac. Science and Technology), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), E-48080, Bilbao, PO Box 644, Basque Country, Spain
| | - G Moreno
- International Seafood Sustainability Foundation (ISSF), 805 15th Street NW, Washington, DC, 20005, USA
| | - G Díez
- AZTI, Marine Research Division, Txatxarramendi irla z/g, 48395, Sukarrieta, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - M P Cajaraville
- CBET Res. Group. Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU) and Zoology and Cell Biology Dept. (Fac. Science and Technology), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), E-48080, Bilbao, PO Box 644, Basque Country, Spain
| | - I Cancio
- CBET Res. Group. Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU) and Zoology and Cell Biology Dept. (Fac. Science and Technology), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), E-48080, Bilbao, PO Box 644, Basque Country, Spain.
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14
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Vieweg I, Bilbao E, Meador JP, Cancio I, Bender ML, Cajaraville MP, Nahrgang J. Effects of dietary crude oil exposure on molecular and physiological parameters related to lipid homeostasis in polar cod (Boreogadus saida). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2018; 206-207:54-64. [PMID: 29555404 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Polar cod is an abundant Arctic key species, inhabiting an ecosystem that is subjected to rapid climate change and increased petroleum related activities. Few studies have investigated biological effects of crude oil on lipid metabolism in this species, despite lipids being a crucial compound for Arctic species to adapt to the high seasonality in food abundance in their habitat. This study examines the effects of dietary crude oil exposure on transcription levels of genes related to lipid metabolism (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors [ppar-α, ppar-γ], retinoic X receptor [rxr-β], palmitoyl-CoA oxidase [aox1], cytochrome P4507A1 [cyp7α1]), reproduction (vitellogenin [vtg-β], gonad aromatase [cyp19a1]) and biotransformation (cytochrome P4501A1 [cyp1a1], aryl hydrocarbon receptor [ahr2]). Exposure effects were also examined through plasma chemistry parameters. Additional fish were exposed to a PPAR-α agonist (WY-14,643) to investigate the role of PPAR-α in their lipid metabolism. The dose-dependent up-regulation of cyp1a1 reflected the activation of genes related to PAH biotransformation upon crude oil exposure. The crude oil exposure did not significantly alter the mRNA expression of genes involved in lipid homeostasis except for cyp7α1 transcription levels. Plasma levels of cholesterol and alanine transaminase showed significant alterations in fish exposed to crude oil at the end of the experiment. WY exposure induced a down-regulation of ppar-α, an effect contrary to studies performed on other fish species. In conclusion, this study showed clear effects of dietary crude oil exposure at environmentally relevant concentrations on xenobiotic biotransformation but revealed only weak alterations in the lipid metabolism of polar cod.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ireen Vieweg
- UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, Tromsø, Norway.
| | - Eider Bilbao
- University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Department of Zoology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology and Research, Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology of Plentzia, Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
| | - James P Meador
- Ecotoxicology and Environmental Fish Health Program, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, NOAA Fisheries, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ibon Cancio
- University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Department of Zoology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology and Research, Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology of Plentzia, Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Morgan Lizabeth Bender
- UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Miren P Cajaraville
- University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Department of Zoology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology and Research, Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology of Plentzia, Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Jasmine Nahrgang
- UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, Tromsø, Norway
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15
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Rojo-Bartolomé I, Martínez-Miguel L, Lafont AG, Vílchez MC, Asturiano JF, Pérez L, Cancio I. Molecular markers of oocyte differentiation in European eel during hormonally induced oogenesis. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2017; 211:17-25. [PMID: 28579534 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2017.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Reproduction in captivity is a key study issue in Anguilla anguilla as a possible solution for its dwindling population. Understanding the mechanisms controlling the production of ribosomal building blocks during artificially induced oocyte maturation could be particularly interesting. Transcription levels of ribosomal biogenesis associated genes could be used as markers to monitor oogenesis. Eels from the Albufera Lagoon were injected with carp pituitary extract for 15weeks and ovaries in previtellogenic (PV) stage (non-injected), in early-, mid-, late-vitellogenesis (EV, MV, LV), as well as in migratory nucleus stage (MN) were analysed. 5S rRNA and related genes were highly transcribed in ovaries with PV oocytes. As oocytes developed, transcriptional levels of genes related to 5S rRNA production (gtf3a), accumulation (gtf3a, 42sp43) and nucleocytoplasmic transport (rpl5, rpl11) and the 5S/18S rRNA index decreased (PV>EV>MV>LV>MN). On the contrary, 18S rRNA was at its highest at MN stage while ubtf1 in charge of activating RNA-polymerase I and synthesising 18S rRNA behaved as 5S related genes. Individuals that did not respond (NR) to the treatment showed 5S/18S index values similar to PV females, while studied genes showed EV/LV-like transcription levels. Therefore, NR females fail to express the largest rRNAs, which could thus be taken as markers of successful vitellogenesis progression. In conclusion, we have proved that the transcriptional dynamics of ribosomal genes provides useful tools to characterize induced ovarian development in European eels. In the future, such markers should be studied as putative indicators of response to hormonal treatments and of the quality of obtained eel oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iratxe Rojo-Bartolomé
- CBET Research Group, Dept. of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology of Plentzia (PIE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Areatza, z/g, E-48620 Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Leticia Martínez-Miguel
- CBET Research Group, Dept. of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology of Plentzia (PIE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Areatza, z/g, E-48620 Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Anne-Gaëlle Lafont
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, Research Unit BOREA, Biology of Aquatic Organisms and Ecosystems, CNRS 7208, IRD 207, UPMC, UCN, UA, Paris, France
| | - M Carmen Vílchez
- Grupo de Acuicultura y Biodiversidad, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València, Edificio 7G, Camino de Vera, s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan F Asturiano
- Grupo de Acuicultura y Biodiversidad, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València, Edificio 7G, Camino de Vera, s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Luz Pérez
- Grupo de Acuicultura y Biodiversidad, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València, Edificio 7G, Camino de Vera, s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ibon Cancio
- CBET Research Group, Dept. of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology of Plentzia (PIE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Areatza, z/g, E-48620 Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain.
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16
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Valencia A, Rojo-Bartolomé I, Bizarro C, Cancio I, Ortiz-Zarragoitia M. Alteration in molecular markers of oocyte development and intersex condition in mullets impacted by wastewater treatment plant effluents. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2017; 245:10-18. [PMID: 27296671 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2016.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) discharges are an important source of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) into the aquatic environment. Fish populations inhabiting downstream of WWTP effluents show alterations in gonad and gamete development such as intersex condition, together with xenoestrogenic effects such as vitellogenin up-regulation. However, the molecular mechanisms participating in the development of intersex condition in fish are not elucidated. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of two WWTPs effluents (Gernika and Bilbao-Galindo situated in the South East Bay of Biscay) with different contaminant loads, in thicklip grey mullet (Chelon labrosus) populations inhabiting downstream, examining the presence and severity of intersex condition, during two seasons. Molecular markers of xenoestrogenicity and oocyte differentiation and development (vtgAa, cyp19a1a, cyp19a1b, cyp11b, foxl2, dmrt1 and gtf3a) were also studied. Intersex mullets were identified downstream of both WWTPs and vtgAa was upregulated in intersex and non intersex males. Sex dependent differential transcription levels of target genes were detected in mullets from Galindo. However, no such pattern was observed in mullets from Gernika, suggesting an attenuating effect over studied genes caused by a higher presence of EDCs in this site, as indicated by the elevated prevalence of intersex mullets in this population. In conclusion, no direct association between xenoestrogenic responses and intersex condition was established. Mullets from Gernika showed signs of severe EDC exposure compared to those from Galindo, as demonstrated by the higher prevalence of intersex males and the reduction in transcription profile differences between sexes of gametogenic gene markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainara Valencia
- CBET Research Group, Dep. of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology and Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), PO BOX 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Iratxe Rojo-Bartolomé
- CBET Research Group, Dep. of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology and Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), PO BOX 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Cristina Bizarro
- CBET Research Group, Dep. of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology and Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), PO BOX 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Ibon Cancio
- CBET Research Group, Dep. of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology and Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), PO BOX 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Maren Ortiz-Zarragoitia
- CBET Research Group, Dep. of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology and Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), PO BOX 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain.
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17
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Diaz de Cerio O, Bilbao E, Ruiz P, Pardo BG, Martínez P, Cajaraville MP, Cancio I. Hepatic gene transcription profiles in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) experimentally exposed to heavy fuel oil nº 6 and to styrene. Mar Environ Res 2017; 123:14-24. [PMID: 27846414 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2016.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Oil and chemical spills in the marine environment, although sporadic, are highly dangerous to biota inhabiting coastal and estuarine areas. Effects of spilled compounds in exposed organisms occur at different biological organization levels: from molecular, cellular or tissue levels to the physiological one. The present study aims to determine the specific hepatic gene transcription profiles observed in turbot juveniles under exposure to fuel oil n °6 and styrene vs controls using an immune enriched turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) oligo-microarray containing 2716 specific gene probes. After 3 days of exposure, fuel oil specifically induced aryl hydrocarbon receptor mediated transcriptional response through up-regulation of genes, such as ahrr and cyp1a1. More gene transcripts were regulated after 14 days of exposure involved in ribosomal biosynthesis, immune modulation, and oxidative response among the most significantly regulated functional pathways. On the contrary, gene transcription alterations caused by styrene did not highlight any significantly regulated molecular or metabolic pathway. This was also previously reported at cell and tissue level where no apparent responses were distinguishable. For the fuel oil experiment, obtained specific gene profiles could be related to changes in cell-tissue organization in the same individuals, such as increased hepatocyte vacuolization, decrease in melano-macrophage centers and the regulation of leukocyte numbers. In conclusion, the mode of action reflected by gene transcription profiles analyzed hereby in turbot livers could be linked with the responses previously reported at higher biological organization levels. Molecular alterations described hereby could be preceding observed alterations at cell and tissue levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oihane Diaz de Cerio
- CBET Research Group, Dept. of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Fac. Science and Technology and Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), E-48080 Bilbao, PO Box 644, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Eider Bilbao
- CBET Research Group, Dept. of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Fac. Science and Technology and Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), E-48080 Bilbao, PO Box 644, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Pamela Ruiz
- CBET Research Group, Dept. of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Fac. Science and Technology and Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), E-48080 Bilbao, PO Box 644, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Belén G Pardo
- Departamento de Xenética, Facultade de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, 27002, Spain
| | - Paulino Martínez
- Departamento de Xenética, Facultade de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, 27002, Spain
| | - Miren P Cajaraville
- CBET Research Group, Dept. of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Fac. Science and Technology and Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), E-48080 Bilbao, PO Box 644, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Ibon Cancio
- CBET Research Group, Dept. of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Fac. Science and Technology and Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), E-48080 Bilbao, PO Box 644, Basque Country, Spain.
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18
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Kopf A, Bicak M, Kottmann R, Schnetzer J, Kostadinov I, Lehmann K, Fernandez-Guerra A, Jeanthon C, Rahav E, Ullrich M, Wichels A, Gerdts G, Polymenakou P, Kotoulas G, Siam R, Abdallah RZ, Sonnenschein EC, Cariou T, O'Gara F, Jackson S, Orlic S, Steinke M, Busch J, Duarte B, Caçador I, Canning-Clode J, Bobrova O, Marteinsson V, Reynisson E, Loureiro CM, Luna GM, Quero GM, Löscher CR, Kremp A, DeLorenzo ME, Øvreås L, Tolman J, LaRoche J, Penna A, Frischer M, Davis T, Katherine B, Meyer CP, Ramos S, Magalhães C, Jude-Lemeilleur F, Aguirre-Macedo ML, Wang S, Poulton N, Jones S, Collin R, Fuhrman JA, Conan P, Alonso C, Stambler N, Goodwin K, Yakimov MM, Baltar F, Bodrossy L, Van De Kamp J, Frampton DM, Ostrowski M, Van Ruth P, Malthouse P, Claus S, Deneudt K, Mortelmans J, Pitois S, Wallom D, Salter I, Costa R, Schroeder DC, Kandil MM, Amaral V, Biancalana F, Santana R, Pedrotti ML, Yoshida T, Ogata H, Ingleton T, Munnik K, Rodriguez-Ezpeleta N, Berteaux-Lecellier V, Wecker P, Cancio I, Vaulot D, Bienhold C, Ghazal H, Chaouni B, Essayeh S, Ettamimi S, Zaid EH, Boukhatem N, Bouali A, Chahboune R, Barrijal S, Timinouni M, El Otmani F, Bennani M, Mea M, Todorova N, Karamfilov V, Ten Hoopen P, Cochrane G, L'Haridon S, Bizsel KC, Vezzi A, Lauro FM, Martin P, Jensen RM, Hinks J, Gebbels S, Rosselli R, De Pascale F, Schiavon R, Dos Santos A, Villar E, Pesant S, Cataletto B, Malfatti F, Edirisinghe R, Silveira JAH, Barbier M, Turk V, Tinta T, Fuller WJ, Salihoglu I, Serakinci N, Ergoren MC, Bresnan E, Iriberri J, Nyhus PAF, Bente E, Karlsen HE, Golyshin PN, Gasol JM, Moncheva S, Dzhembekova N, Johnson Z, Sinigalliano CD, Gidley ML, Zingone A, Danovaro R, Tsiamis G, Clark MS, Costa AC, El Bour M, Martins AM, Collins RE, Ducluzeau AL, Martinez J, Costello MJ, Amaral-Zettler LA, Gilbert JA, Davies N, Field D, Glöckner FO. The ocean sampling day consortium. Gigascience 2015; 4:27. [PMID: 26097697 PMCID: PMC4473829 DOI: 10.1186/s13742-015-0066-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Ocean Sampling Day was initiated by the EU-funded Micro B3 (Marine Microbial Biodiversity, Bioinformatics, Biotechnology) project to obtain a snapshot of the marine microbial biodiversity and function of the world’s oceans. It is a simultaneous global mega-sequencing campaign aiming to generate the largest standardized microbial data set in a single day. This will be achievable only through the coordinated efforts of an Ocean Sampling Day Consortium, supportive partnerships and networks between sites. This commentary outlines the establishment, function and aims of the Consortium and describes our vision for a sustainable study of marine microbial communities and their embedded functional traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kopf
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstrasse 1, D-28359 Bremen, Germany ; Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH, Campus Ring 1, D-28759 Bremen, Germany
| | - Mesude Bicak
- University of Oxford, 7 Keble Road, OX1 3QG Oxford, Oxfordshire UK
| | - Renzo Kottmann
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstrasse 1, D-28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Julia Schnetzer
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstrasse 1, D-28359 Bremen, Germany ; Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH, Campus Ring 1, D-28759 Bremen, Germany
| | - Ivaylo Kostadinov
- Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH, Campus Ring 1, D-28759 Bremen, Germany
| | - Katja Lehmann
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, MacLean Building, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, OX10 8BB Wallingford, Oxfordshire UK
| | - Antonio Fernandez-Guerra
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstrasse 1, D-28359 Bremen, Germany ; University of Oxford, 7 Keble Road, OX1 3QG Oxford, Oxfordshire UK
| | - Christian Jeanthon
- CNRS & Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Station Biologique, Place Georges Teissier, F-29680 Roscoff, France
| | - Eyal Rahav
- Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research, National Institute of Oceanography, Tel- Shikmona, POB 8030, 31080 Haifa, Israel
| | - Matthias Ullrich
- Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH, Campus Ring 1, D-28759 Bremen, Germany
| | - Antje Wichels
- Alfred Wegener Institute, Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, Kurpromenade 201, 27498 Helgoland, Germany
| | - Gunnar Gerdts
- Alfred Wegener Institute, Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, Kurpromenade 201, 27498 Helgoland, Germany
| | - Paraskevi Polymenakou
- Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture, Gournes Pediados, 71500 Heraklion, Crete Greece
| | - Giorgos Kotoulas
- Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture, Gournes Pediados, 71500 Heraklion, Crete Greece
| | - Rania Siam
- Biology Department and YJ-Science and Technology Research Center, American University in Cairo, New Cairo, 11835 Cairo Governorate Egypt
| | - Rehab Z Abdallah
- Biology Department and YJ-Science and Technology Research Center, American University in Cairo, New Cairo, 11835 Cairo Governorate Egypt
| | - Eva C Sonnenschein
- Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Matematiktorvet 301, 2800 Kgs., Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Thierry Cariou
- CNRS & Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Station Biologique, Place Georges Teissier, F-29680 Roscoff, France
| | - Fergal O'Gara
- National University of Ireland-University College Cork, Cork, Ireland ; Curtin University, Biomedical Sciences, Perth, Western Australia Australia
| | - Stephen Jackson
- Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Matematiktorvet 301, 2800 Kgs., Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Sandi Orlic
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10 000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Michael Steinke
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, CO4 3SQ Colchester, Essex UK
| | - Julia Busch
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Schleusenstrasse 1, 26383 Wilhemshaven, Germany
| | - Bernardo Duarte
- Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Lisbon, Campo Grande 1749-016, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Isabel Caçador
- Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Lisbon, Campo Grande 1749-016, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - João Canning-Clode
- Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Lisbon, Campo Grande 1749-016, Lisbon, Portugal ; Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, 21037 Edgewater, Maryland USA
| | - Oleksandra Bobrova
- Department of Microbiology, Virology and Biotechnology, Odessa National II Mechnikov University, Dvoryanskaya str.2, 65082 Odessa, Ukraine
| | | | | | - Clara Magalhães Loureiro
- InBio/CIBIO, Departamento de Biologia da Universidade dos Açores, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - Gian Marco Luna
- National Research Council, Institute of Marine Sciences (CNR-ISMAR), Castello 2737/f, Arsenale Tesa 104, 30122 Venezia, Italy
| | - Grazia Marina Quero
- National Research Council, Institute of Marine Sciences (CNR-ISMAR), Castello 2737/f, Arsenale Tesa 104, 30122 Venezia, Italy
| | - Carolin R Löscher
- Institute of Microbiology/ GEOMAR, Am Botanischen Garten 1-9, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Anke Kremp
- Marine Research Centre, Finnish Environment Institute, Erik Palmenin aukio 1, 00560 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marie E DeLorenzo
- NOAA/National Ocean Service/NCCOS/Center for Coastal Environmental Health & Biomolecular Research Charleston, 29412 South Carolina, USA
| | - Lise Øvreås
- Department of Biology, University of Bergen, Thormøhlensgate 53B, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Jennifer Tolman
- LaRoche Research Group, Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, B3H 4R2 Halifax, Nova Scotia Canada
| | - Julie LaRoche
- LaRoche Research Group, Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, B3H 4R2 Halifax, Nova Scotia Canada
| | - Antonella Penna
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino, Viale Trieste 296, 61121 Pesaro, Italy
| | - Marc Frischer
- University of Georgia's Skidaway Institute of Oceanography, 10 Ocean Science Circle, 31411 Savannah, Georgia USA
| | - Timothy Davis
- NOAA-Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory, 4840 S State Road, 48108 Ann Arbor, Michigan USA
| | - Barker Katherine
- National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, 10th and Constitution Avenue NW, 20013 Washington, DC USA
| | - Christopher P Meyer
- National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, 10th and Constitution Avenue NW, 20013 Washington, DC USA
| | - Sandra Ramos
- CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Center of Environmental and Marine Research, University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal
| | - Catarina Magalhães
- CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Center of Environmental and Marine Research, University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal
| | - Florence Jude-Lemeilleur
- Station Marine d'Arcachon, CNRS & Univ Bordeaux, 2 rue Professeur Jolyet, F-33120 Arcachon, France
| | - Ma Leopoldina Aguirre-Macedo
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV), Unidad Mérida, Carretera Antigua a Progreso Km 6 Cordemex, C.P., 97310 Yucatan, Mexico
| | - Shiao Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern Mississippi, 39406 Hattiesburg, Mississippi USA
| | - Nicole Poulton
- Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, 60 Bigelow Drive, 04544 East Boothbay, Maine USA
| | - Scott Jones
- Smithsonian Marine Station, 701 Seaway Drive, 34949 Fort Pierce, Florida USA
| | - Rachel Collin
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Apartado Postal 0843-03092, Balboa Ancon, Panama
| | - Jed A Fuhrman
- Wrigley Institute for Environmental Studies and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, 90089-0371 Los Angeles, California USA
| | - Pascal Conan
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR7621, Laboratoire d'Océanographie Microbienne, Observatoire Océanologique, F-66651 Banyuls sur Mer, France
| | - Cecilia Alonso
- Microbial Ecology of Aquatic Transitional Systems Research Group, Centro Universitario de la Región Este, Universidad de la República, Ruta 15, km 28.500, Rocha, Uruguay
| | - Noga Stambler
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, 5290002 Ramat-Gan, Israel ; Interuniversity Institute for Marine Sciences in Eilat, 88103 Eilat, Israel
| | - Kelly Goodwin
- NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, Ocean Chemistry and Ecosystems Division, 4301 Rickenbacker Causeway, 33149 Miami, Florida USA
| | - Michael M Yakimov
- Institute for Coastal Marine Environment, IAMC-CNR, Spianata S Raineri, 86 - 98122, Messina, Sicily Italy
| | - Federico Baltar
- Department of Marine Science, University of Otago, PO Box 56, 9054 Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Levente Bodrossy
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere Flagship, 7000 Hobart, Tasmania Australia
| | - Jodie Van De Kamp
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere Flagship, 7000 Hobart, Tasmania Australia
| | - Dion Mf Frampton
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere Flagship, 7000 Hobart, Tasmania Australia
| | - Martin Ostrowski
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Macquarie University, 2109 Sydney, Australia
| | - Paul Van Ruth
- South Australian Research and Development Institute (SARDI) - Aquatic Sciences, PO Box 120, 5022 Henley Beach, South Australia Australia
| | - Paul Malthouse
- South Australian Research and Development Institute (SARDI) - Aquatic Sciences, PO Box 120, 5022 Henley Beach, South Australia Australia
| | - Simon Claus
- Flanders Marine Institute, InnovOcean site, Wandelaarkaai 7, 8400 Oostende, Belgium
| | - Klaas Deneudt
- Flanders Marine Institute, InnovOcean site, Wandelaarkaai 7, 8400 Oostende, Belgium
| | - Jonas Mortelmans
- Flanders Marine Institute, InnovOcean site, Wandelaarkaai 7, 8400 Oostende, Belgium
| | - Sophie Pitois
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (CEFAS), Pakefield Road, NR33 0HT Lowestoft, Suffolk UK
| | - David Wallom
- University of Oxford, 7 Keble Road, OX1 3QG Oxford, Oxfordshire UK
| | - Ian Salter
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR7621, Laboratoire d'Océanographie Microbienne, Observatoire Océanologique, F-66651 Banyuls sur Mer, France ; Alfred-Wegener-Institut-Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar-und Meeresforschung, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Rodrigo Costa
- Microbial Ecology and Evolution Research Group, Centre of Marine Sciences, Algarve University, Gambelas Campus, Building 7, Room 2.77, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Declan C Schroeder
- Marine Biological Association of the UK, Citadel Hill, PL1 2PB Plymouth, Devon UK
| | - Mahrous M Kandil
- Soil and Water Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, El-Shatbi, 21545 Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Valentina Amaral
- Microbial Ecology of Aquatic Transitional Systems Research Group, Centro Universitario de la Región Este, Universidad de la República, Ruta 15, km 28.500, Rocha, Uruguay
| | - Florencia Biancalana
- Marine Biogeochemistry - Argentine Institute of Oceanography, Camino La Carrindanga Km 7,5, 8000 Florida, Bahia Blanca Argentina
| | - Rafael Santana
- Microbial Ecology of Aquatic Transitional Systems Research Group, Centro Universitario de la Región Este, Universidad de la República, Ruta 15, km 28.500, Rocha, Uruguay
| | - Maria Luiza Pedrotti
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 7093, LOV, Observatoire océanologique, F-Villefranche-sur-Mer, Paris, France
| | - Takashi Yoshida
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Sakyo-ku, Kyoto Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ogata
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Sakyo-ku, Kyoto Japan
| | - Tim Ingleton
- Waters, Wetlands and Coasts, New South Wales Office of Environment and Heritage, Sydney South 1232, 59-61 Goulburn Street, 2001 PO Box A290, Sydney, New South Wales Australia ; Antarctic and Southern Ocean Studies, University of Tasmania, 7004 Hobart, Tasmania Australia
| | - Kate Munnik
- Lwandle Technologies, Black River Park, Fir Road, 7925 Observatory, Cape Town South Africa
| | | | | | - Patricia Wecker
- CRIOBE, USR3278 CNRS-EPHE-UPVD, LabEx Corail, BP 1013-98729 Papetoai Moorea, French Polynesia
| | - Ibon Cancio
- University of the Basque Country, PO Box 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Basque Country Spain
| | - Daniel Vaulot
- CNRS & Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Station Biologique, Place Georges Teissier, F-29680 Roscoff, France
| | - Christina Bienhold
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstrasse 1, D-28359 Bremen, Germany ; Alfred-Wegener-Institut-Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar-und Meeresforschung, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Hassan Ghazal
- Polydisciplinary Faculty of Nador, University Mohammed Premier, Selouane, Nador Morocco ; Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, University Mohammed Premier, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Bouchra Chaouni
- Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, University Mohammed Premier, Oujda, Morocco ; Faculty of Sciences of Rabat, University Mohammed Fifth Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Soumya Essayeh
- Polydisciplinary Faculty of Nador, University Mohammed Premier, Selouane, Nador Morocco
| | - Sara Ettamimi
- Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, University Mohammed Premier, Oujda, Morocco ; Polydisciplinary Faculty of Taza, University Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdallah, Fes, Morocco
| | - El Houcine Zaid
- Faculty of Sciences of Rabat, University Mohammed Fifth Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Noureddine Boukhatem
- Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, University Mohammed Premier, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Abderrahim Bouali
- Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, University Mohammed Premier, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Rajaa Chahboune
- Polydisciplinary Faculty of Nador, University Mohammed Premier, Selouane, Nador Morocco ; Faculté des Sciences et Techniques de Tanger, Université Abdelmalek Essaâdi, Tanger, Morocco
| | - Said Barrijal
- Faculté des Sciences et Techniques de Tanger, Université Abdelmalek Essaâdi, Tanger, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Timinouni
- Pasteur Institute of Morocco, 1 Place Louis Pasteur, 20100 Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Fatima El Otmani
- Microbiology, Health and Environment Team, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Chouaib Doukkali University, Rte Ben Maachou, BP 20 Avenue des Facultés, El Jadida, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Bennani
- Pasteur Institute of Morocco, 1 Place Louis Pasteur, 20100 Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Marianna Mea
- Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH, Campus Ring 1, D-28759 Bremen, Germany
| | - Nadezhda Todorova
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research (IBER), Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2 Gagarin Street, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Ventzislav Karamfilov
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research (IBER), Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2 Gagarin Street, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Petra Ten Hoopen
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, CB10 1SD Cambridge, Cambridgeshire UK
| | - Guy Cochrane
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, CB10 1SD Cambridge, Cambridgeshire UK
| | - Stephane L'Haridon
- Université de Bretagne Occidentale (UBO, UEB), Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Place Nicolas Copernic, F-29280 Plouzané, France
| | - Kemal Can Bizsel
- Dokuz Eylul University (DEU), Institute of Marine Sciences and Technology (IMST), Baku Bulvard, No: 100, Inciralti, 35340 Izmir, Balcova Turkey
| | - Alessandro Vezzi
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Federico M Lauro
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, 60 Nanyang Drive, SBS 01N-27, 637551 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Patrick Martin
- Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rachelle M Jensen
- Indigo V Expeditions, ONE°15 Marina, #01-01, 11 Cove Drive, Sentosa Cove, 098497 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jamie Hinks
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, 60 Nanyang Drive, SBS 01N-27, 637551 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Susan Gebbels
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Newcastle University, Dove Marine Laboratory, Cullercoats, NE30 4PZ Tyne and Wear UK
| | - Riccardo Rosselli
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Fabio De Pascale
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Riccardo Schiavon
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Antonina Dos Santos
- IPMA, Department of Sea and Marine Resources, Avenida de Brasília, s/n, 1449-006 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Emilie Villar
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, IGS UMR 7256, 163 Avenue de Luminy, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - Stéphane Pesant
- PANGAEA - Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science, MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University Bremen, Hochschulring 18, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Bruno Cataletto
- OGS, National Institute of Oceanography and Experimental Geophysics, Via Auguste Piccard, 54, 34151, Santa Croce, Trieste, Italy
| | - Francesca Malfatti
- OGS, National Institute of Oceanography and Experimental Geophysics, Via Auguste Piccard, 54, 34151, Santa Croce, Trieste, Italy
| | - Ranjith Edirisinghe
- Department of Physical Sciences, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Mihintale, Sri Lanka
| | - Jorge A Herrera Silveira
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern Mississippi, 39406 Hattiesburg, Mississippi USA
| | - Michele Barbier
- Mediterranean Science Commission, 16 Bd de Suisse, 98 000 Monaco, Monaco
| | - Valentina Turk
- Marine Biology Station, National Institute of Biology, Fornače 41, 6330 Piran, Slovenia
| | - Tinkara Tinta
- Marine Biology Station, National Institute of Biology, Fornače 41, 6330 Piran, Slovenia
| | - Wayne J Fuller
- Near East University, TRNC Mersin 10, 99138 Nicosia, Northern Cyprus
| | - Ilkay Salihoglu
- Near East University, TRNC Mersin 10, 99138 Nicosia, Northern Cyprus
| | - Nedime Serakinci
- Near East University, TRNC Mersin 10, 99138 Nicosia, Northern Cyprus
| | | | - Eileen Bresnan
- Phytoplankton Ecology, Marine Scotland Marine Laboratory, 375 Victoria Road, AB11 9DB Aberdeen, Aberdeenshire UK
| | - Juan Iriberri
- University of the Basque Country, PO Box 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Basque Country Spain
| | | | - Edvardsen Bente
- Section for Aquatic Biology and Toxicology, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1066, 0316 Blindern, Oslo Norway
| | - Hans Erik Karlsen
- Drøbak Field Station, Marine Biology Research station, Biologiveien 2, 1440 Drøbak, Norway
| | - Peter N Golyshin
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Bangor University, LL57 2UW Gwynedd, Bangor UK
| | - Josep M Gasol
- Departament de Biologia Marina i Oceanografia, Institut de Ciències del Mar-CSIC, Pg Marítim de la Barceloneta 37-49, E08003 Barcelona, Catalunya Spain
| | - Snejana Moncheva
- Fridtjof Nansen Institute of Oceanology, First May Street 40, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Nina Dzhembekova
- Fridtjof Nansen Institute of Oceanology, First May Street 40, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Zackary Johnson
- Nicholas School of the Environment and Biology Department, Duke University, 135 Marine Lab Road, 28516 Beaufort, North Carolina USA
| | - Christopher David Sinigalliano
- NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, Ocean Chemistry and Ecosystems Division, 4301 Rickenbacker Causeway, 33149 Miami, Florida USA
| | - Maribeth Louise Gidley
- NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, Ocean Chemistry and Ecosystems Division, 4301 Rickenbacker Causeway, 33149 Miami, Florida USA ; Cooperative Institute of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Rosenstiel School of Marine & Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, 33149 Miami, Florida USA
| | - Adriana Zingone
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy
| | - Roberto Danovaro
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy ; Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - George Tsiamis
- Department of Environmental and Natural Resources Management, University of Patras, 2 Seferi Street, 301 00 Agrinio, Greece
| | - Melody S Clark
- British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, High Cross, Madingley Road, CB3 0ET Cambridge, Cambridgeshire UK
| | - Ana Cristina Costa
- InBio/CIBIO, Departamento de Biologia da Universidade dos Açores, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - Monia El Bour
- Institut National des Sciences et Technologies de la Mer (INSTM), 28 rue du 2 mars 1934, 2025 Salammbô, Tunisia
| | - Ana M Martins
- InBio/CIBIO, Departamento de Biologia da Universidade dos Açores, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal ; Department of Oceanography and Fisheries, University of the Azores, PT-9901-862 Horta, Portugal
| | - R Eric Collins
- University of Alaska Fairbanks, Box 757220, 99775 Fairbanks, Alaska USA
| | | | - Jonathan Martinez
- University of Hawaii at Manoa, Kewalo Marine Laboratory, 41 Ahui St., Honolulu, 96813 Hawaii, USA
| | - Mark J Costello
- Institute of Marine Science, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142 New Zealand
| | - Linda A Amaral-Zettler
- Marine Biological Laboratory, 7 MBL Street, Woods Hole, 02543 Massachusetts, USA ; Department of Earth, Environmental, and Planetary Sciences, Brown University, 02912 Providence, Rhode Island USA
| | - Jack A Gilbert
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China ; Institute for Genomic and Systems Biology, Bioscience Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, 60439 Argonne, Illinois USA ; University of Chicago, 1101 E 57th Street, 60637 Chicago, Illinois USA ; Marine Biological Laboratory, 7 MBL Street, Woods Hole, 02543 Massachusetts, USA
| | - Neil Davies
- Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH, Campus Ring 1, D-28759 Bremen, Germany ; Gump South Pacific Research Station, University of California Berkeley, BP 244 98728 Moorea, French Polynesia
| | - Dawn Field
- Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH, Campus Ring 1, D-28759 Bremen, Germany ; University of Oxford, 7 Keble Road, OX1 3QG Oxford, Oxfordshire UK
| | - Frank Oliver Glöckner
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstrasse 1, D-28359 Bremen, Germany ; Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH, Campus Ring 1, D-28759 Bremen, Germany
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Irizar A, Rodríguez MP, Izquierdo A, Cancio I, Marigómez I, Soto M. Effects of soil organic matter content on cadmium toxicity in Eisenia fetida: implications for the use of biomarkers and standard toxicity tests. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 2015; 68:181-192. [PMID: 25015731 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-014-0060-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Bioavailability is affected by soil physicochemical characteristics such as pH and organic matter (OM) content. In addition, OM constitutes the energy source of Eisenia fetida, a well established model species for soil toxicity assessment. The present work aimed at assessing the effects of changes in OM content on the toxicity of Cd in E. fetida through the measurement of neutral red uptake (NRU) and mortality, growth, and reproduction (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development [OECD] Nos. 207 and 222). Complementarily, metallothionein (MT) and catalase transcription levels were measured. To decrease variability inherent to natural soils, artificial soils (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development 1984) with different OM content (6, 10, and 14%) and spiked with Cd solutions at increasing concentrations were used. Low OM in soil decreased soil ingestion and Cd bioaccumulation but also increased Cd toxicity causing lower NRU of coelomocytes, 100 % mortality, and stronger reproduction impairment, probably due to the lack of energy to maintain protection mechanisms (production of MT).Cd bioaccumulation did not reflect toxicity, and OM played a pivotal role in Cd toxicity. Thus, OM content should be taken into account when using E. fetida in in vivo exposures for soil health assessment.
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Ortiz-Zarragoitia M, Bizarro C, Rojo-Bartolomé I, de Cerio OD, Cajaraville MP, Cancio I. Mugilid fish are sentinels of exposure to endocrine disrupting compounds in coastal and estuarine environments. Mar Drugs 2014; 12:4756-82. [PMID: 25222666 PMCID: PMC4178482 DOI: 10.3390/md12094756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Revised: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Effects on fish reproduction can result from a variety of toxicity mechanisms first operating at the molecular level. Notably, the presence in the environment of some compounds termed endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) can cause adverse effects on reproduction by interfering with the endocrine system. In some cases, exposure to EDCs leads to the animal feminization and male fish may develop oocytes in testis (intersex condition). Mugilid fish are well suited sentinel organisms to study the effects of reproductive EDCs in the monitoring of estuarine/marine environments. Up-regulation of aromatases and vitellogenins in males and juveniles and the presence of intersex individuals have been described in a wide array of mullet species worldwide. There is a need to develop new molecular markers to identify early feminization responses and intersex condition in fish populations, studying mechanisms that regulate gonad differentiation under exposure to xenoestrogens. Interestingly, an electrophoresis of gonad RNA, shows a strong expression of 5S rRNA in oocytes, indicating the potential of 5S rRNA and its regulating proteins to become useful molecular makers of oocyte presence in testis. Therefore, the use of these oocyte markers to sex and identify intersex mullets could constitute powerful molecular biomarkers to assess xenoestrogenicity in field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maren Ortiz-Zarragoitia
- Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Plentzia Marine Station (PIE-UPV/EHU) and Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), E-48080 Bilbao PO Box 644, Basque Country, Spain.
| | - Cristina Bizarro
- Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Plentzia Marine Station (PIE-UPV/EHU) and Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), E-48080 Bilbao PO Box 644, Basque Country, Spain.
| | - Iratxe Rojo-Bartolomé
- Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Plentzia Marine Station (PIE-UPV/EHU) and Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), E-48080 Bilbao PO Box 644, Basque Country, Spain.
| | - Oihane Diaz de Cerio
- Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Plentzia Marine Station (PIE-UPV/EHU) and Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), E-48080 Bilbao PO Box 644, Basque Country, Spain.
| | - Miren P Cajaraville
- Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Plentzia Marine Station (PIE-UPV/EHU) and Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), E-48080 Bilbao PO Box 644, Basque Country, Spain.
| | - Ibon Cancio
- Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Plentzia Marine Station (PIE-UPV/EHU) and Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), E-48080 Bilbao PO Box 644, Basque Country, Spain.
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21
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Diaz de Cerio O, Hands E, Humble J, Cajaraville MP, Craft JA, Cancio I. Construction and characterization of a forward subtracted library of blue mussels Mytilus edulis for the identification of gene transcription signatures and biomarkers of styrene exposure. Mar Pollut Bull 2013; 71:230-239. [PMID: 23623663 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Revised: 02/19/2013] [Accepted: 02/21/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Transcriptional profiling can elucidate adaptive/toxicity pathways participating in achieving homeostasis or leading to pathogenesis in marine biota exposed to chemical substances. With the aim of analyzing transcriptional responses in the mussel Mytilus edulis exposed to the corrosive and putatively carcinogenic hydrocarbon styrene (3-5 ppm, 3days), a forward subtracted (SSH) cDNA library was produced. Female mussels were selected and digestive gland mRNA was isolated. A library with 1440 clones was produced and a total of 287 clones were sequenced, 53% being identified through BlastN analysis against Mytibase and DeepSeaVent databases. Those genes included GO terms such as 'response to drugs', 'immune defense' and 'cell proliferation'. Furthermore, sequences related to chitin and beta-1-3-glucan metabolism were also up-regulated by styrene. Many of the obtained sequences could not be annotated constituting new mussel sequences. In conclusion, this SSH study reveals novel sequences useful to generate molecular biomarkers of styrene exposure in mussels.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Diaz de Cerio
- CBET Res. Ctr. Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology of Plentzia (PIE-UPV/EHU) & Zoology & Cell Biology Dept. (Science and Technology Fac.), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain
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22
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Raingeard D, Bilbao E, Cancio I, Cajaraville MP. Retinoid X receptor (RXR), estrogen receptor (ER) and other nuclear receptors in tissues of the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis: Cloning and transcription pattern. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2013; 165:178-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2013.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2013] [Revised: 02/25/2013] [Accepted: 03/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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23
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Humble JL, Hands E, Saaristo M, Lindström K, Lehtonen KK, Diaz de Cerio O, Cancio I, Wilson G, Craft JA. Characterisation of genes transcriptionally upregulated in the liver of sand goby (Pomatoschistus minutus) by 17α-ethinyloestradiol: identification of distinct vitellogenin and zona radiata protein transcripts. Chemosphere 2013; 90:2722-2729. [PMID: 23270706 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.11.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2012] [Revised: 11/07/2012] [Accepted: 11/24/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The sand goby (Pomatoschistus minutus), is a marine and estuarine teleost that is used in environmental, reproductive and behavioural studies of oestrogenic endocrine disruption. The xeno-oestrogen, 17α-ethinyloestradiol (EE2), induces expression of egg proteins vitellogenin (VTG) and zona radiata protein (ZRP) in male fish and impairs reproduction. Multiple forms of VTG and ZRP genes are found in other teleost species, yet the characteristics of VTG and ZRP in the sand goby are unknown. In this investigation, Suppressive Subtractive Hybridization was used to isolate cDNA fragments from liver, identified as belonging to 11 distinct sand goby genes, suggesting that these genes are transcriptionally upregulated by EE2. Assembly of these fragments revealed three VTG genes which shared homology with VTG classes A, B and C in other fish and two ZRP genes sharing homology with ZRP classes Ba and Bb. RTqPCR of RNA from the sand goby liver was used to show that these VTGs and ZRPs were present in low levels in control males and high levels in mature females. Exposure of males to a concentration of 11 ngL(-1) EE2 caused a significant increase in all VTG and ZRP transcript levels. The identification of these egg protein transcripts and the development of validated assays for their quantification will facilitate future work with this useful model species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph L Humble
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Cowcaddens Road, Glasgow G4 0BA, United Kingdom.
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24
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Gomes T, Pereira C, Cardoso C, Pereira R, Almeida A, Pinheiro J, Cancio I, Cravo A, Bebianno M. Effects of Ag nanoparticles versus ionic Ag in Mytilus galloprovincialis. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2012.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Martos J, Bilbao E, Cancio I. Regulation of hypoxia and xenobiotic exposure related genes in fish (Chelon labrosus) and mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) held under acute hypoxic conditions. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2012.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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26
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Rojo-Bartolomé I, de Cerio OD, Martos-Bernal J, Bilbao E, Ortiz-Zarragoitia M, Cancio I. 5S to 18S rRNA ratio in gonads as an easy and inexpensive index for the identification of sex in a pollution sentinel fish species (Chelon labrosus). Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2012.05.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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27
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Gomes T, Pereira CG, Cardoso C, Pinheiro JP, Cancio I, Bebianno MJ. Accumulation and toxicity of copper oxide nanoparticles in the digestive gland of Mytilus galloprovincialis. Aquat Toxicol 2012; 118-119:72-79. [PMID: 22522170 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2012.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2012] [Revised: 03/21/2012] [Accepted: 03/27/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Given the wide use of CuO nanoparticles in various industrial and commercial applications they will inevitably end up in the aquatic environment. However, little information exists on their biological effects in bivalve species. Accordingly, mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis were exposed to 10 μg Cu L(-1) as CuO nanoparticles and Cu(2+) for 15 days, and biomarkers of oxidative stress (superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase), damage (lipid peroxidation) and metal exposure (metallothionein) were determined along with Cu accumulation in the digestive glands of mussels. Cu was linearly accumulated with time of exposure in mussels exposed to CuO nanoparticles, while in those exposed to Cu(2+) elimination was significant by day 15. Both forms of Cu cause oxidative stress with distinct modes of action. Exposure to CuO nanoparticles induces lower SOD activity in digestive glands compared to those exposed to Cu(2+), while CAT was only activated after 7 days of exposure to nano and ionic Cu, with contradictory effects after 15 days of exposure and GPX activities were similar. Lipid peroxidation levels increased in both Cu forms despite different antioxidant efficiency. Moreover, a linear induction of metallothionein was detected with time in mussels exposed to CuO nanoparticles, directly related to Cu accumulation, whereas in those exposed to Cu(2+) metallothionein was only induced after 15 days of exposure. Since only a small fraction of soluble Cu fraction was released from CuO nanoparticles, the observed effects seem to be related to the nano form of Cu, with aggregation as a key factor. Overall, our results show that the digestive gland is susceptible to CuO nanoparticles related oxidative stress, and is also the main tissue for their accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tânia Gomes
- CIMA, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Catarina G Pereira
- CIMA, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Cátia Cardoso
- CIMA, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - José P Pinheiro
- CBME, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Ibon Cancio
- Department of Zoology & Animal Cell Biology, Scholl of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country, E-48080 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Maria João Bebianno
- CIMA, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal.
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28
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Diaz de Cerio O, Rojo-Bartolomé I, Bizarro C, Ortiz-Zarragoitia M, Cancio I. 5S rRNA and accompanying proteins in gonads: powerful markers to identify sex and reproductive endocrine disruption in fish. Environ Sci Technol 2012; 46:7763-7771. [PMID: 22724546 DOI: 10.1021/es301132b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In anuran ovaries, 5S rDNA is regulated transcriptionally by transcription factor IIIA (TFIIIA), which upon transcription, binds 5S rRNA, forming 7S RNP. 5S rRNA can be stockpiled also in the form of 42S RNP bound to 42sp43. The aim of the present study was to assess the differential transcriptional regulation of 5S rRNA and associated proteins in thicklip gray mullet (Chelon labrosus) gonads. Up to 75% of the total RNA from mullet ovaries was 5S rRNA. qPCR quantification of 5S rRNA expression, in gonads of histologically sexed individuals from different geographical areas, successfully sexed animals. All males had expression levels that were orders of magnitude below expression levels in females, throughout an annual reproductive cycle, with the exception of two individuals: one in November and one in December. Moreover, intersex mullets from a polluted harbor had expression levels between both sexes. TFIIIA and 42sp43 were also very active transcriptionally in gonads of female and intersex mullets, in comparison to males. Nucleocytoplasmatic transport is important in this context and we also analyzed transcriptional levels of importins-α1, -α2, and -β2 and different exportins. Importin-αs behaved similarly to 5S rRNA. Thus, 5S rRNA and associated proteins constitute very powerful molecular markers of sex and effects of xenosterogens in fish gonads, with potential technological applications in the analysis of fish stock dynamics and reproduction as well as in environmental health assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oihane Diaz de Cerio
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, School of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country, Po Box 644, E-48080, Bilbao, Basque Country
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Brooks S, Harman C, Soto M, Cancio I, Glette T, Marigómez I. Integrated coastal monitoring of a gas processing plant using native and caged mussels. Sci Total Environ 2012; 426:375-386. [PMID: 22521105 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.03.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2011] [Revised: 03/15/2012] [Accepted: 03/20/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The biological effects of a coastal process water (PW) discharge on native and caged mussels (Mytilus edulis) were assessed. Chemical analyses of mussel tissues and semi permeable membrane devices, along with a suite of biomarkers of different levels of biological complexity were measured. These were lysosomal membrane stability in haemocytes and digestive cells; micronuclei formation in haemocytes; changes in cell-type composition in the digestive gland epithelium; integrity of digestive gland tissue; peroxisome proliferation; and oxidative stress. Additionally the Integrative Biological Response (IBR/n) index was calculated. This integrative biomarker approach distinguished mussels, both native and caged, exhibiting different stress conditions not identified from the contaminant exposure. Mussels exhibiting higher stress responses were found with increased proximity to the PW discharge outlet. However, the biological effects reported could not be entirely attributed to the PW discharge based on the chemicals measured, but were likely due to either other chemicals in the discharge that were not measured, the general impact of the processing plant and or other activities in the local vicinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Brooks
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalléen 21, NO-0349 Oslo, Norway.
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30
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de Cerio OD, Bilbao E, Cajaraville MP, Cancio I. Regulation of xenobiotic transporter genes in liver and brain of juvenile thicklip grey mullets (Chelon labrosus) after exposure to Prestige-like fuel oil and to perfluorooctane sulfonate. Gene 2012; 498:50-8. [PMID: 22343007 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2012.01.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2011] [Revised: 01/18/2012] [Accepted: 01/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Xenobiotic transport proteins are involved in cellular defence against accumulation of xenobiotics participating in multixenobiotic resistance (MXR). In order to study the transcriptional regulation of MXR genes in fish exposed to common chemical pollutants we selected the thicklip grey mullet (Chelon labrosus), since mugilids are widespread in highly degraded estuarine environments where they have to survive through development and adulthood. Partial sequences belonging to genes coding for members of 3 different families of ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporter proteins (ABCB1; ABCB11; ABCC2; ABCC3; ABCG2) and a vault protein (major vault protein, MVP) were amplified and sequenced from mullet liver. Their liver and brain transcription levels were examined in juvenile mullets under exposure to perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and to fresh (F) and weathered (WF) Prestige-like heavy fuel oil for 2 and 16 days. In liver, PFOS significantly up-regulated transcription of abcb1, abcb11 and abcg2 while in brain only abcb11 was up-regulated. Both fuel treatments significantly down-regulated abcb11 in liver at day 2 while abcc2 was only down-regulated by WF. mvp was significantly up-regulated by F and down-regulated by WF at day 2 in the liver. At day 16 only a significant up-regulation of abcb1 in the F group was recorded. Brain abcc3 and abcg2 were down-regulated by both fuels at day 2, while abcb1 and abcc2 were only down-regulated by F exposure. After 16 days of exposure only abcb11 and abcg2 were regulated. In conclusion, exposure to organic xenobiotics significantly alters transcription levels of genes participating in xenobiotic efflux, especially after short periods of exposure. Efflux transporter gene transcription profiling could thus constitute a promising tool to assess exposure to common pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oihane Diaz de Cerio
- Dept. of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, School of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa E-48940, Basque Country, Spain
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Cancio I, Cajaraville MP. Seasonal variation of xanthine oxidoreductase activity in the digestive gland cells of the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis: A biochemical, histochemical and immunochemical study. Biol Cell 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1768-322x.1999.tb01106.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Gomes T, Pinheiro JP, Cancio I, Pereira CG, Cardoso C, Bebianno MJ. Effects of copper nanoparticles exposure in the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. Environ Sci Technol 2011; 45:9356-9362. [PMID: 21950553 DOI: 10.1021/es200955s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
CuO NPs are widely used in various industrial and commercial applications. However, little is known about their potential toxicity or fate in the environment. In this study the effects of copper nanoparticles were investigated in the gills of mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis, comparative to Cu(2+). Mussels were exposed to 10 μg Cu·L(-1) of CuO NPs and Cu(2+) for 15 days, and biomarkers of oxidative stress, metal exposure and neurotoxicity evaluated. Results show that mussels accumulated copper in gills and responded differently to CuO NPs and Cu(2+), suggesting distinct modes of action. CuO NPs induced oxidative stress in mussels by overwhelming gills antioxidant defense system, while for Cu(2+) enzymatic activities remained unchanged or increased. CuO NPs and Cu(2+) originated lipid peroxidation in mussels despite different antioxidant efficiency. Moreover, an induction of MT was detected throughout the exposure in mussels exposed to nano and ionic Cu, more evident in CuO NPs exposure. Neurotoxic effects reflected as AChE inhibition were only detected at the end of the exposure period for both forms of copper. In overall, these findings show that filter-feeding organisms are significant targets for nanoparticle exposure and need to be included when evaluating the overall toxicological impact of nanoparticles in the aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tânia Gomes
- CIMA, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
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Humble J, Diaz de Cerio O, Saaristo M, Lehtonen K, Lindström K, Cancio I, Craft J. Characterization of multiple vitellogenins and their transcripts in the liver of sand goby (Pomatoschistus minutus). Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2010.06.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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de Cerio OD, Cajaraville M, Hands E, Humble J, Craft J, Cancio I. Application of SSH and Q-PCR to investigate genes transcriptionally upregulated in Mytilus edulis after exposure to styrene. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2010.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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de Cerio OD, Rojo I, Izagirre U, Cajaraville M, Cancio I. Molecular mechanisms of tributyltin-induced pathogenesis in thicklip grey mullets Chelon labrosus. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2010.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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36
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Gomes T, Cancio I, Pinheiro J, Bebianno M. Integration of conventional biomarkers and proteomic analysis to assess the effects of copper nanoparticles in Mytilus galloprovincialis. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2010.06.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Bilbao E, Raingeard D, de Cerio OD, Ortiz-Zarragoitia M, Ruiz P, Izagirre U, Orbea A, Marigómez I, Cajaraville MP, Cancio I. Effects of exposure to Prestige-like heavy fuel oil and to perfluorooctane sulfonate on conventional biomarkers and target gene transcription in the thicklip grey mullet Chelon labrosus. Aquat Toxicol 2010; 98:282-296. [PMID: 20362344 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2010.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2009] [Revised: 02/16/2010] [Accepted: 02/20/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Thicklip grey mullets Chelon labrosus inhabit coastal and estuarine areas where they can be chronically exposed to commonly released pollutants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and perfluorinated compounds. These pollutants can also originate from accidental spills, such as the Prestige oil spill in 2002, which resulted in the release of a heavy fuel oil that affected coastal ecosystems in the Bay of Biscay. Peroxisome proliferation (PP), induced biotransformation metabolism, immunosuppression and endocrine disruption are some of the possible biological effects caused by such chemicals. With the aim of studying the effects of organic toxic chemicals on such biological processes at the transcriptional and at the cell/tissue level, juvenile mullets were exposed to the typical mammalian peroxisome proliferator perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), and to fresh (F) and weathered (WF) Prestige-like heavy fuel oil for 2 and 16 days. First, fragments of genes relevant to biotransformation, immune/inflammatory and endocrine disruption processes were cloned using degenerate primers. Fuel oil elicited a significant PP response as proved by the transcriptional upregulation of palmitoyl-CoA oxidase (aox1), peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha (pparalpha) and retinoic X receptor, by the AOX1 activity induction and by the increased peroxisomal volume density. PFOS only elicited a significant induction of AOX1 activity at day 2 and of PPARalpha mRNA expression at day 16. All treatments significantly increased catalase mRNA expression at day 16 in liver and at day 2 in gill. Cyp1a transcription (liver and gill) and EROD activity were induced in fuel oil treated organisms. In the case of phase II metabolism only hepatic glutathione S-transferase mRNA was overexpressed in mullets exposed to WF for 16 days. Functionally, this response was reflected in a significant accumulation of bile PAH metabolites. WF treated fish accumulated mainly high molecular weight metabolites while F exposure resulted in accumulation of mainly low molecular ones. Fuel oil significantly regulated immune response related complement component C3 and hepcidin transcription followed by a significant regulation of inflammatory response related apolipoprotein-A1 and fatty acid binding protein mRNAs at day 16. These responses were accompanied by a significant hepatic inflammatory response with lymphocyte accumulations (IRLA) and accumulation of melanomacrophage centers (MMC). PFOS did not elicit any transcriptional response in the studied biotransformation and immune related genes, although histologically significant effects were recorded in IRLA and MMC. A significant reduction of lysosomal membrane stability was observed in all exposed animals. No endocrine disruption effects were observed in liver while brain aromatase mRNA was overexpressed after all treatments at day 2 and estrogen receptor alpha was downregulated under WF exposure at day 16. These results show new molecular and cellular biomarkers of exposure to organic chemicals and demonstrate that in mullets PP could be regulated through molecular mechanisms similar to those in rodents, although the typical mammalian peroxisome proliferator PFOS and heavy fuel oil follow divergent mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Bilbao
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology; Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, School of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country, E-48080 Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
| | - D Raingeard
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology; Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, School of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country, E-48080 Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
| | - O Diaz de Cerio
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology; Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, School of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country, E-48080 Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
| | - M Ortiz-Zarragoitia
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology; Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, School of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country, E-48080 Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
| | - P Ruiz
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology; Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, School of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country, E-48080 Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
| | - U Izagirre
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology; Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, School of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country, E-48080 Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
| | - A Orbea
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology; Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, School of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country, E-48080 Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
| | - I Marigómez
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology; Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, School of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country, E-48080 Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
| | - M P Cajaraville
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology; Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, School of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country, E-48080 Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
| | - I Cancio
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology; Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, School of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country, E-48080 Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain.
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Díaz de Cerio O, Cajaraville M, Díez G, Cancio I. Active biomonitoring of a polluted harbour using gene expression profiles in caged sentinel thicklip grey mullets (Chelon labrosus). Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2009.05.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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39
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Bilbao E, Cajaraville MP, Cancio I. Cloning and expression pattern of peroxisomal β-oxidation genes palmitoyl-CoA oxidase, multifunctional protein and 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase in mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis and thicklip grey mullet Chelon labrosus. Gene 2009; 443:132-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2009.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2009] [Revised: 04/24/2009] [Accepted: 05/13/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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40
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Raingeard D, Cancio I, Cajaraville MP. Cloning and expression pattern of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, estrogen receptor alpha and retinoid X receptor alpha in the thicklip grey mullet Chelon labrosus. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2009; 149:26-35. [PMID: 18619562 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2008.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2008] [Revised: 06/17/2008] [Accepted: 06/17/2008] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic organisms are exposed to diverse xenobiotics that cause peroxisome proliferation and/or endocrine disruption, both modulated in vertebrates by transcription factors of the nuclear receptor (NR) superfamily. Peroxisome proliferators are agonists of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) that heterodimerize with the retinoid X receptor (RXR). Many xenoestrogens activate the estrogen receptor (ER). Here, 1090 bp of PPARalpha, 1255 bp of PPARgamma, 278 bp of RXRalpha, and 578 bp of ERalpha of thicklip grey mullet Chelon labrosus were cloned. Sequences were highly conserved, although relevant changes with respect to mammalian homologs were identified in PPARgamma and ERalpha. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR was used to determine if these NRs were expressed in different tissues of male, female and undifferentiated mullets captured in January and June. Expression of PPARs was highest in liver and lowest in muscle. RXRalpha expression was homogeneous excepting a low expression in male and female gill in January and brain and heart of undifferentiated fish in January and June. ERalpha expression predominated in liver and female gonad in June. The expression level of PPARs and ERalpha was significantly higher in liver in January than in gills in January or June. The present results show tissue-dependent modulation of expression of NRs in mullets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Raingeard
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, University of the Basque Country, Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
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41
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Zaldibar B, Cancio I, Soto M, Marigómez I. Changes in cell-type composition in digestive gland of slugs and its influence in biomarkers following transplantation between a relatively unpolluted and a chronically metal-polluted site. Environ Pollut 2008; 156:367-379. [PMID: 18403074 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2008.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2007] [Revised: 02/05/2008] [Accepted: 02/10/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Changes in cell-type composition (CCTC) is a general phenomenon that takes place in the digestive gland epithelium of stressed molluscs. The aim of the present work was to determine whether CCTC is a reversible process in the digestive gland of sentinel slugs chronically exposed to metal pollution and how CCTC affects metal accumulation parameters and different cell and tissue biomarkers of exposure and effect. Slugs (Arion ater) from an abandoned zinc mine were transferred to a relatively unpolluted site and the other way around for 3, 10 and 28 d. The volume density of black silver deposits (Vv(BSD)) after autometallography, and metallothionein (MT) levels were used as biomarkers of exposure to metals and CCTC and lysosomal responses were selected as effect biomarkers. Results indicated that slugs were sensitive to recent metal pollution; however, slugs chronically exposed to metals presented some characteristic features and were less responsive to pollution cessation without signs of CCTC reversal.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Zaldibar
- Cell Biology & Histology Laboratory, Zoology & Animal Cell Biology Department, School of Science & Technology, University of the Basque Country, PO Box 644, E-48080 Bilbo, Bizkai, Basque Country, Spain.
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42
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Ruiz P, Orbea A, Cancio I, Cajaraville M. Cloning and expression of cancer related genes in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) exposed to styrene and heavy fuel oil # 2. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2008.05.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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43
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Zorita I, Ortiz-Zarragoitia M, Apraiz I, Cancio I, Orbea A, Soto M, Marigómez I, Cajaraville MP. Assessment of biological effects of environmental pollution along the NW Mediterranean Sea using red mullets as sentinel organisms. Environ Pollut 2008; 153:157-68. [PMID: 17869394 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2007.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2006] [Revised: 07/09/2007] [Accepted: 07/13/2007] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
A biomonitoring program was carried out in spring and autumn in three pollution hot-spots and sensitive areas of the NW Mediterranean Sea using red mullets (Mullus barbatus) as sentinel organisms and a battery of biomarkers together with gonad histology. In fish from anthropogenic impacted areas (Fos-sur-mer, Cortiou, Arenzano, Delta of Ebro) lysosomal membrane destabilization occurred indicating disturbed health. There were no significant differences in metallothionein (MT) levels among stations. Peroxisomal acyl-CoA oxidase (AOX) activity was highest in fish from Cortiou. Both MT levels and AOX activities were significantly correlated with gamete development. Prevalence of melanomacrophage centers were high in Cortiou in all samplings and in Fos-sur-mer in September samplings. In conclusion, the application of a battery of biomarkers in red mullets provided relevant data for the assessment of environmental pollution in the NW Mediterranean Sea but also showed the difficulties of using native fish as sentinels. For future studies caging strategies are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izaskun Zorita
- Biologia Zelularra eta Histologia Laborategia, Zoologia eta Biologia Zelularra Saila, Zientzia eta Teknologia Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea/Universidad del País Vasco, Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
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Zaldibar B, Cancio I, Marigómez I. Epithelial cell renewal in the digestive gland and stomach of mussels: season, age and tidal regime related variations. Histol Histopathol 2007; 23:281-90. [PMID: 18072085 DOI: 10.14670/hh-23.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The natural variability in cell proliferation activity in the epithelium of the digestive gland and stomach was investigated in mussels, Mytilus galloprovincialis (Lmk), of different age and tidal level at different seasons. After treating mussels with the thymidine analogue bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) for 6 hours, BrdU immunohistochemistry was performed every 2 hours for the next 36. The relative proportion of BrdU positive cells was quantified as BrdU labelling (per thousand). Marked seasonal differences were recorded in BrdU labelling, with much higher proliferating activity in summer than in autumn and winter. Cell proliferation seemed not to be significantly dissimilar between mussels of different age (size). In contrast, the digestive gland epithelium of mussels from intertidal and subtidal populations differed not only in the levels but also in the pattern of variation of BrdU labelling, which in intertidal mussels appeared to be modulated by photoperiod and tide, unlike in subtidal mussels, in which variations followed a circatidal pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Zaldibar
- Cell Biology and Histology Lab, Zoology and Animal Cell Biology Dept., School of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country, Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
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45
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Zaldibar B, Cancio I, Soto M, Marigómez I. Digestive cell turnover in digestive gland epithelium of slugs experimentally exposed to a mixture of cadmium and kerosene. Chemosphere 2007; 70:144-54. [PMID: 17706745 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2007.06.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2007] [Revised: 06/01/2007] [Accepted: 06/19/2007] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Slugs, Arion ater (L), have been proposed as sentinel organisms to assess soil health. In slugs under the influence of pollutants, digestive cell loss and the concomitant increase of excretory cells of the digestive gland have been described. The aim of the present work was to determine up to what extent digestive cell loss affects biomarkers and whether the affectation is reversible after exposure to a mixture of metal and organic pollutants. Slugs were dosed with a mixture of cadmium and kerosene in the food for 27 days. Apart from chemical analyses, the volume density of black silver deposits (Vv(BSD)) after autometallography, and acyl-CoA oxidase (AOX) activity were used as biomarkers of exposure to metals and organic compounds, respectively. As effect biomarkers, changes in the volume density of the cell types that constitute the digestive gland epithelium were calculated. Proliferating cells were identified by means of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) immunohistochemistry. Results revealed that the mixture of pollutants provoked an increase in Vv(BSD) and AOX activity and a decrease in the number of digestive cells. These changes had no effect in the digestive gland accumulation capacity or in the effect and exposure biomarkers employed. BrdU-labelling showed that exposure to pollutants provoked an enhanced digestive cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Zaldibar
- Cell Biology & Histology Lab, Zoology & Animal Cell Biology Department, School of Science & Technology, University of the Basque Country, Bilbo, Basque Country, Spain
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46
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Zorita I, Apraiz I, Ortiz-Zarragoitia M, Orbea A, Cancio I, Soto M, Marigómez I, Cajaraville MP. Assessment of biological effects of environmental pollution along the NW Mediterranean Sea using mussels as sentinel organisms. Environ Pollut 2007; 148:236-50. [PMID: 17240014 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2006.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2006] [Revised: 10/17/2006] [Accepted: 10/19/2006] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
With the aim of assessing the biological effects of pollution along three gradients of pollution in the NW Mediterranean Sea, a biomonitoring survey was implemented using a battery of biomarkers (lysosomal membrane stability, lysosomal structural changes, metallothionein (MT) induction and peroxisome proliferation) in mussels over a period of two years as part of the EU-funded BEEP project. Mussels from the most impacted zones (Fos, Genova and Barcelona harbours) showed enlarged lysosomes accompanied by reduced labilisation period of lysosomal membranes, indicating disturbed health. MT levels did not reveal significant differences between stations and were significantly correlated with gonad index, suggesting that they were influenced by gamete development. Peroxisomal acyl-CoA oxidase (AOX) activity was significantly inhibited in polluted stations possibly due to interactions among mixtures of pollutants. In conclusion, the application of a battery of effect and exposure biomarkers provided relevant data for the assessment of biological effects of environmental pollution along the NW Mediterranean Sea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izaskun Zorita
- Biologia Zelularra eta Histologia Laborategia, Zoologia eta Biologia Zelularra Saila, Zientzia eta Teknologia Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea/Universidad del País Vasco, Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
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Alvarado NE, Cancio I, Hylland K, Marigómez I, Soto M. Immunolocalization of metallothioneins in different tissues of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) exposed to Cd. Histol Histopathol 2007; 22:719-28. [PMID: 17455146 DOI: 10.14670/hh-22.719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Metallothioneins (MT) were localized by immunochemistry in different organs and cell compartments of turbot exposed to sublethal concentrations (100 ppb) of Cd for 7 days. The polyclonal rabbit anti-cod MT antibody (NIVA, Norway) applied herein exhibited positive cross-reactivity with turbot MTs. Immunoreactive MTs were localized in the branchial epithelium, in the liver and in the kidney of turbot. In Cd exposed fishes MTs were demonstrated mainly in branchial chloride cells (CC) and to a lesser extend in the area where progenitor cells are located and in the cells of the respiratory epithelium (secondary lamellae). A higher staining intensity for MTs was observed in CC of the interlamellar space of the main branchial epithelium in comparison with control CC. MT-staining was also observed in the chondroblasts of the cartilage and in the erythrocytes within blood vessels both in control and Cd-exposed specimens. MT immunoreaction was high in the liver hepatocytes and weak in the epithelium of the proximal portion of the kidney in exposed turbot. The tegument, spleen and muscle were devoid of any immunolabelling in both treatments. Ultrastructural studies at the transmission electron microscope revealed that Cd-induced MTs were mainly located in the cytoplasm of gill CC, the lysosomes and the cytoplasm of hepatocytes and in the basal labyrinth of kidney proximal nephrocytes. The differential localization/induction of MTs in different cell types described hereby suggests that the quantification of the specific expression of MT may be used in biomonitoring programs as a biomarker of Cd exposure in aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- N E Alvarado
- Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, School of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country, Bilbao, Spain
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48
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Zorita I, Bilbao E, Schad A, Cancio I, Soto M, Cajaraville MP. Tissue- and cell-specific expression of metallothionein genes in cadmium- and copper-exposed mussels analyzed by in situ hybridization and RT–PCR. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2007; 220:186-96. [PMID: 17350662 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2007.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2006] [Revised: 01/02/2007] [Accepted: 01/05/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Metallothioneins (MTs) are metal-inducible proteins that can be used as biomarkers of metal exposure. In mussels two families of MT isoforms (MT10 and MT20) have been characterized. In this study, mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) were exposed to 200 ppb Cd and 40 ppb Cu for 2 and 9 days to characterize the tissue and isoform specificity of metal-induced MT expression. Non-radioactive in situ hybridization demonstrated that both MT isoforms were mainly transcribed in digestive tubule epithelial cells, especially in basophilic cells. Weaker MT expression was detected in non-ciliated duct cells, stomach and gill epithelial cells, haemocytes, adipogranular cells, spermatic follicles and oocytes. RT-PCR resulted in cloning of a novel M. galloprovincialis isoform homologous to recently cloned Mytilus edulis intron-less MT10B isoform. In gills, Cd only affected MT10 gene expression after 2 days of exposure while increases in MT protein levels occurred at day 9. In the digestive gland, a marked increase of both isoforms, but especially of MT20, was accompanied by increased levels of MT proteins and basophilic cell volume density (Vv(BAS)) after 2 and 9 days and of intralysosomal metal accumulation in digestive cells after 9 days. Conversely, although metal was accumulated in digestive cells lysosomes and the Vv(BAS) increased in Cu-exposed mussels, Cu exposure did not produce an increase of MT gene expression or MT protein levels. These data suggest that MTs are expressed in a tissue-, cell- and isoform-specific way in response to different metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Zorita
- Lab. Cell Biology and Histology, Dept. Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, University of the Basque Country, PO Box 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
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Zaldibar B, Cancio I, Marigómez I. Reversible alterations in epithelial cell turnover in digestive gland of winkles (Littorina littorea) exposed to cadmium and their implications for biomarker measurements. Aquat Toxicol 2007; 81:183-96. [PMID: 17239971 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2006.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2006] [Revised: 11/28/2006] [Accepted: 12/01/2006] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
In marine molluscs, the epithelium of the digestive gland is composed of two cell types, namely, digestive and basophilic cells. Under normal physiological conditions digestive cells outnumber basophilic cells, but under different stress situations the composition of the epithelium changes, basophilic cells apparently replace digestive cell. Winkles, Littorina littorea, were exposed to 1.25mg/l Cd for 20 days to provoke cell type replacement. Then, animals were depurated in clean seawater for 10 days to determine whether cell type replacement was reversible. Digestive glands were fixed in Carnoy and paraffin embedded for histological analysis. The volume densities of basophilic cells (Vv(BAS)) and digestive cells (Vv(DIG)) were calculated by stereology on hematoxylin-eosin stained sections. Vv(BAS) increased and Vv(DIG) decreased in Cd-exposed animals. After estimation of cell size and absolute cell numbers, these changes were attributed to digestive cell loss and concomitant basophilic cell hypertrophy but not to increased numbers of basophilic cells. Cell type composition and cell size almost fully returned to normal values after 10-day depuration. Accordingly, PCNA immunohistochemistry demonstrated that proliferating digestive cells were more abundant in winkles exposed to Cd and after 10-day depuration than in control specimens, suggesting that net digestive cell loss was accompanied by increased digestive cell proliferation. Thus, Cd-exposure seems to provoke an enhanced digestive cell turnover in order to cope with Cd detoxification. Intralysosomal accumulation of metals (autometallographied black silver deposits; BSD) was used as a biomarker of exposure to Cd and lysosomal structural changes as an effect biomarker to see whether cell type composition might have any effect on these endpoints. BSD formed around Cd ions, in digestive cell lysosomes of Cd-exposed winkles whereas basophilic cells appeared devoid of them. After depuration, BSD were less conspicuous. Enlarged lysosomes were observed in Cd-exposed winkles, lysosome size returning to control levels after 10-day depuration. Changes in digestive cell proliferation, digestive cell loss and basophilic cell hypertrophy did not apparently affect the biomarkers investigated herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Zaldibar
- Cell Biology & Histology Laboratory, Zoology & Animal Cell Biology Department, School of Science & Technology, University of the Basque Country, PO Box 644, E-48080 Bilbo, Basque Country, Spain
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Raingeard D, Cancio I, Cajaraville MP. Cloning and expression pattern of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha in the thicklip grey mullet Chelon labrosus. Mar Environ Res 2006; 62 Suppl:S113-7. [PMID: 16716391 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2006.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic organisms living in coastal and estuarine areas are exposed to diverse contaminants which can cause peroxisome proliferation. Peroxisome proliferators are agonists of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), members of the nuclear receptor superfamily. We have recently demonstrated expression of the three PPAR isoforms in liver of mullet Chelon labrosus and other fish species by immunohistochemistry. The goal of the present study was first to clone PPARalpha and second to investigate its expression pattern in various tissues of mullet. PCR-based screening of mullet cDNA with PPARalpha specific degenerate primers resulted in amplification, subcloning and sequencing of a 1090 bp cDNA fragment (AY618315) that encodes mullet PPARalpha and exhibits highest amino acid identity to fish Sparus aurata PPARalpha (90%). Semi-quantitative RT-PCR was used to characterize the expression of PPARalpha in brain, muscle, liver, spleen, gill, heart and female gonad of juvenile and adult male and female mullet. For this, mullet 18S-rRNA (AY825252), beta-actin (AY836368) and elongation factor alpha (AY836369) were cloned and used as internal reference for RT-PCR. Expression of PPARalpha was detected in all tissues, was highest in liver and lowest in adult male and female muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Raingeard
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, University of the Basque Country, E-48080 Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
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