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de Boer FL, van der Molen HF, Wang JH, Raun E, Pereda J, Hwu EET, Jakasa I, Dubrac S, Rustemeyer T, Kezic S. Skin Barrier- and Immune Response-Related Biomarkers of Solar UVR Exposure Comparing Indoor and Outdoor Workers. JID Innov 2024; 4:100280. [PMID: 38756236 PMCID: PMC11097112 DOI: 10.1016/j.xjidi.2024.100280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Outdoor workers have increased risk of developing keratinocyte cancer due to accumulated skin damage resulting from chronic and excessive exposure to UVR. This study aims to identify potential noninvasive biomarkers to assess chronic UVR exposure. We analyzed stratum corneum biomarkers collected from 2 skin locations and 2 occupational groups with contrasting solar UVR exposure: the forehead and retroauricular skin among outdoor workers and indoor workers. Using a linear mixed model adjusting for age and skin phototype, we compared biomarkers between both skin sites in indoor and outdoor workers. We measured markers of the immune response and skin barrier, including cytokines, GFs, 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, cis- and trans-urocanic acid, and corneocyte topography, indicated by circular nano objects. Differences between the 2 skin sites were found for cis-urocanic acid, total urocanic acid, IL-1α, IL-1RA, IL-1RA/IL-1α, IL-18, 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, CCL4, and circular nano objects. The levels of cis-urocanic acid and CCL4 also differed between indoor and outdoor workers. These findings underscore changes in both immune response and skin barrier induced by UVR. They indicate the potential utility of stratum corneum biomarkers in detecting both chronic UVR exposure in occupational setting and aiding in the development of preventive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florentine L. de Boer
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henk F. van der Molen
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jen-Hung Wang
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Ellen Raun
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jorge Pereda
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Edwin En-Te Hwu
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Ivone Jakasa
- Laboratory for Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sandrine Dubrac
- Epidermal Biology Laboratory, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Thomas Rustemeyer
- Dermato-Allergology and Occupational Dermatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Noord-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Sanja Kezic
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Young M, du Plessis JL, Kezic S, Jakasa I, Franken A. Natural moisturising factor constituents in South African nursing students. Contact Dermatitis 2024; 90:378-384. [PMID: 38254239 DOI: 10.1111/cod.14498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The majority of South African healthcare workers are Black Africans with dark-pigmented skin. Studies on how the markers of skin barrier function and natural moisturising factor (NMF) compare between dark and light-pigmented skin are limited. Quantifying NMF in a nursing student population during their practical training at university may provide valuable insight into their potential susceptibility to skin conditions associated with low NMF. OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to quantify and compare NMF content of Black African, Mixed Race and White nursing students from their dominant dorsal hand. METHODS Forty-nine White, 32 Black African and 5 Mixed Race nursing students participated in this study. Tape strip samples were collected from the participants' dominant dorsal hand and NMF content was measured, including histidine (HIS), pyrrolidone carboxylic acid (PCA), trans-urocanic acid (t-UCA) and cis-urocanic acid (c-UCA), as well as cytokines interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1α) and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA). RESULTS No statistically significant differences in PCA, t-UCA, c-UCA, IL-1α or IL-1RA were found between Black African and White nursing students. HIS was significantly (p = 0.001) higher in White nursing students when compared to Black African students. The ratio of tot-UCA/HIS was significantly higher in Black Africans (p = 0.0002) when compared to White nursing students. CONCLUSION No significant differences were established in NMF content between White and Black African nursing students, other than HIS which was significantly higher in White students than in Black African students. Different HIS levels between the racial groups suggest variation in histidase activity which may be related to skin pH and pigmentation. This finding may suggest that nursing students at the beginning of their careers may have similar susceptibility to skin diseases related to NMF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Young
- Occupational Hygiene and Health Research Initiative (OHHRI), Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Johannes Lodewykus du Plessis
- Occupational Hygiene and Health Research Initiative (OHHRI), Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Sanja Kezic
- Public and Occupational Health Department, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ivone Jakasa
- Laboratory for Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Anja Franken
- Occupational Hygiene and Health Research Initiative (OHHRI), Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
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Andersson AM, Ingham AC, Edslev SM, Sølberg J, Skov L, Koch A, Ghauharali-van der Vlugt K, Stet FS, Brüggen CM, Jakasa I, Kezic S, Thyssen JP. Ethnic endotypes in paediatric atopic dermatitis depend on immunotype, lipid composition and microbiota of the skin. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2024; 38:365-374. [PMID: 37822011 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.19565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) endotypes differ with ethnicity. We examined the skin microbiota, cytokine and lipid profiles in Greenlandic Inuit and Danish children with AD. METHODS Twenty-five Inuit children with AD and 25 Inuit control children were clinically examined and compared to previously collected data from 25 Danish children with AD. Skin tape strips and skin swabs were collected from lesional and non-lesional skin. Levels of cutaneous immune biomarkers, free sphingoid bases and their (glycosyl)ceramides were analysed. Skin swabs were analysed with 16S rRNA and tuf gene for characterization of bacterial species communities. RESULTS Bacterial β-diversity was significantly different between Inuit and Danish AD skin, in both lesional (p < 0.001) and non-lesional (p < 0.001) AD skin, and there was a higher relative abundance of Staphylococcus aureus in Danish compared to Inuit lesional (53% vs. 8%, p < 0.01) and non-lesional skin (55% vs. 5%, p < 0.001). Danish AD children had a higher α-diversity than Inuit children in non-lesional (p < 0.05) but not in lesional skin. Significantly higher levels of type 2 immunity cytokine interleukin (IL)-4 (p < 0.05) and IL-5 (p < 0.01) were identified in Inuit compared to Danish AD children. In contrast, IL-33 (p < 0.01) was higher in Danish lesional and non-lesional AD skin. Higher levels of long-chain glucosylceramide (GlcCER)[S](d26:1) were found in lesional (p < 0.001) and non-lesional (p < 0.001) Inuit skin compared with Danish AD skin. NMF levels were similar in Inuit and Danish AD skin. CONCLUSION Skin microbiota, cytokine and lipid composition differed significantly between Inuit and Danish children with AD and showed a stronger type 2 immune signature in Inuit children.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Andersson
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
- Ilisimatusarfik, University of Greenland, Nuuk, Greenland
- Copenhagen Research Group for Inflammatory Skin (CORGIS), Hellerup, Denmark
| | - A C Ingham
- Department of Bacteria, Parasites and Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - S M Edslev
- Department of Bacteria, Parasites and Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J Sølberg
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - L Skov
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
- Copenhagen Research Group for Inflammatory Skin (CORGIS), Hellerup, Denmark
| | - A Koch
- Ilisimatusarfik, University of Greenland, Nuuk, Greenland
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Prevention, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - K Ghauharali-van der Vlugt
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - F S Stet
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - C M Brüggen
- Faculty of Medicine, University Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education, Davos, Switzerland
| | - I Jakasa
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Laboratory for Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - S Kezic
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J P Thyssen
- Department of Dermatology, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Emal LM, Tamminga SJ, Schaafsma FG, Jakasa I, Peremin I, Kirschbaum C, van der Molen HF, Kezic S. Exploring the potential of stratum corneum biomarkers for assessing psychological distress in health care workers: An observational pilot study. Health Sci Rep 2024; 7:e1710. [PMID: 38186941 PMCID: PMC10764658 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds The detection of biomarkers of a stress response in the stratum corneum (SC) could be used as objective assessment of early stress symptoms and monitoring of stress reduction interventions in health care workers (HCWs). Aim The aim of this study is to explore SC biomarkers of immune and hormonal response and skin barrier for assessment of psychological distress (PD) in HCWs. Methods Twenty-five female HCWs and 25 non-HCWs participated. SC samples were collected using adhesive tapes at baseline and 3-5 days later (T1). We analyzed 24 biomarkers (immunological, vascular, hormones, and natural moisturizing factors). Stress symptoms were assessed using three scales of Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire. The study involved: identifying SC biomarkers, correlating stress symptoms and biomarkers at baseline and T1, examining stress symptoms between the groups with a Mann-Whitney test, comparing stress symptoms and biomarkers between groups using Ordinary Least Regression and investigating temporal variability of SC biomarkers at baseline and T1 using a Wilcoxon-signed rank. Results Fourteen SC biomarkers were identified. We found correlations between general stress and "IL18" (r = 0.55) physical stress and "IL1b" (r = 0.36) and cognitive stress and "MIP3a" (r = 0.38) at baseline and general stress and cortisol (r = -0.49), physical stress and cortisol (r = -0.60) and cortisone (r = -0.67) at T1. We found no differences in stress symptoms and biomarkers between the groups, except for "MIP3a" at baseline. Differences in the biomarker levels between two time points were found for "TARC," "VEGFA," "ILRA," "IL1RA/IL1a," "NMF," and "DHEA." Conclusion The SC can be suitable biological material to assess biomarkers related to immune response, hormonal response, and skin barrier function. The SC biomarkers, showed strong, moderate and weak correlations with stress symptoms. Notably, these associations include cytokines of innate immunity and well-known stress hormones, cortisol and cortisone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lima M. Emal
- Department of Public and Occupational health, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Public Health Research InstituteUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamNoord‐HollandNetherlands
| | - Sietske J. Tamminga
- Department of Public and Occupational health, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Public Health Research InstituteUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamNoord‐HollandNetherlands
| | - Frederieke G. Schaafsma
- Department of Public and Occupational health, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Public Health Research InstituteUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamNoord‐HollandNetherlands
| | - Ivone Jakasa
- Laboratory for Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Food Technology and BiotechnologyUniversity of ZagrebZagrebCroatia
| | - Ines Peremin
- Laboratory for Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Food Technology and BiotechnologyUniversity of ZagrebZagrebCroatia
| | | | - Henk F. van der Molen
- Department of Public and Occupational health, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Public Health Research InstituteUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamNoord‐HollandNetherlands
| | - Sanja Kezic
- Department of Public and Occupational health, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Public Health Research InstituteUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamNoord‐HollandNetherlands
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Rinnov MR, Gerner T, Halling AS, Liljendahl MS, Ravn NH, Knudgaard MH, Trautner S, Skov L, Thomsen SF, Egeberg A, Jakasa I, Kezic S, Petersen A, Larsen AR, Dam-Nielsen C, Jarløv JO, Thyssen JP. The association between Staphylococcus aureus colonization on cheek skin at 2 months and subsequent atopic dermatitis in a prospective birth cohort. Br J Dermatol 2023; 189:695-701. [PMID: 37480337 DOI: 10.1093/bjd/ljad249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Staphylococcus aureus may worsen already established atopic dermatitis (AD), but its primary role in the aetiopathogenesis and severity of AD is unclear. OBJECTIVES To compare the prevalence of S. aureus colonization in early infancy in children who developed AD during the first 2 years of life with children who did not. METHODS In this prospective birth cohort study, which included 450 infants, we analysed bacterial swabs collected from cheek skin at 0 and 2 months of age. The development of AD, and its severity, was diagnosed by a physician and monitored prospectively for 2 years. Information on parental atopy, filaggrin gene mutation status and use of antibiotics and emollients was included in the analyses. RESULTS At birth, the occurrence of S. aureus colonization was similar in infants who developed subsequent AD and those who did not. At 2 months of age, S. aureus colonization was more common in children who later developed AD (adjusted hazard ratio 1.97, 95% confidence interval 1.21-3.19; P = 0.006). No association was found between S. aureus colonization and AD severity or age at onset. CONCLUSIONS It remains unknown whether colonization with S. aureus may directly increase the risk of AD, or whether it should be considered as secondary to skin barrier impairment or a skewed immune activity, but according to our findings, S. aureus colonization is more commonly increased at 2 months of age in children who later developed AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rasmussen Rinnov
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy
- Department of Neonatology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | | | - Anne-Sofie Halling
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg Bakke 23, 2400 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | | | | | | | - Simon Trautner
- Department of Neonatology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Lone Skov
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Simon Francis Thomsen
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg Bakke 23, 2400 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Alexander Egeberg
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg Bakke 23, 2400 Copenhagen N, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ivone Jakasa
- Laboratory for Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sanja Kezic
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Department of Public and Occupational Health Amsterdam UMC, Department of Public and Occupational Health, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Andreas Petersen
- Department of Bacteria, Parasites & Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen S, Denmark
| | - Anders Rhod Larsen
- Department of Bacteria, Parasites & Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen S, Denmark
| | - Casper Dam-Nielsen
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Jens Otto Jarløv
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Jacob P Thyssen
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg Bakke 23, 2400 Copenhagen N, Denmark
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Halling AS, Fritz BG, Gerner T, Rinnov MR, Bay L, Knudgaard MH, Ravn NH, Trautner S, Ruge IF, Olesen C, Díiaz-Pinées Cort I, Skov L, Sørensen N, Møller Rønnstad AT, Thomsen SF, Egeberg A, Jakasa I, Kezic S, Bjarnsholt T, Thyssen JP. Reduced Skin Microbiome Diversity in Infancy Is Associated with Increased Risk of Atopic Dermatitis in High-Risk Children. J Invest Dermatol 2023; 143:2030-2038.e6. [PMID: 37085040 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.03.1682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
It is currently unknown whether alterations in the skin microbiome exist before development of atopic dermatitis (AD). In this prospective Danish birth cohort of 300 children, we examined whether skin microbiome alterations during the first 2 months of life were associated with an increased risk of AD in the first 2 years and its severity after adjustment for environmental factors and selected skin chemokine and natural moisturizing factor levels. We found no overall association between the skin microbiome at birth and age 2 months and AD during the first 2 years of life. However, when restricting the analysis to children with at least one parent with atopy, a lower alpha diversity at age 2 months was associated with an increased risk of AD (adjusted hazard ratio = 1.7, 95% confidence interval = 1.1-2.6). We observed a stronger association in children where both parents had atopy (adjusted hazard ratio = 4.4, 95% confidence interval = 1.1-18.2). The putative pathogenic role of changes in the skin microbiome on AD risk remains uncertain but may play a role in those with an atopic predisposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Sofie Halling
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Blaine Gabriel Fritz
- Costerton Biofilm Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Trine Gerner
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Maria Rasmussen Rinnov
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark; Department of Neonatology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lene Bay
- Costerton Biofilm Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mette Hjorslev Knudgaard
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Nina Haarup Ravn
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Simon Trautner
- Department of Neonatology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Iben Frier Ruge
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Caroline Olesen
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Isabel Díiaz-Pinées Cort
- Costerton Biofilm Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lone Skov
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
| | | | | | - Simon F Thomsen
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alexander Egeberg
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ivone Jakasa
- Laboratory for Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sanja Kezic
- Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Bjarnsholt
- Costerton Biofilm Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Microbiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jacob P Thyssen
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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7
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Rinnov MR, Halling AS, Gerner T, Ravn NH, Knudgaard MH, Trautner S, Goorden SMI, Ghauharali-van der Vlugt KJM, Stet FS, Skov L, Thomsen SF, Egeberg A, Rosted ALL, Petersen T, Jakasa I, Riethmüller C, Kezic S, Thyssen JP. Skin biomarkers predict development of atopic dermatitis in infancy. Allergy 2023; 78:791-802. [PMID: 36112082 DOI: 10.1111/all.15518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is currently no insight into biomarkers that can predict the onset of pediatric atopic dermatitis (AD). METHODS Nested in a prospective birth cohort study that examined the occurrence of physician-diagnosed AD in 300 children, 44 random children with onset of AD in the first year of life were matched on sex and season of birth with 44 children who did not develop AD. Natural moisturizing factor (NMF), corneocyte surface protrusions, cytokines, free sphingoid bases (SBs) of different chain lengths and their ceramides were analyzed from tape strips collected at 2 months of age before onset of AD using liquid chromatography, atomic force microscopy, multiplex immunoassay, and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, respectively. RESULTS Significant alterations were observed for four lipid markers, with phytosphingosine ([P]) levels being significantly lower in children who developed AD compared with children who did not (median 240 pmol/mg vs. 540 pmol/mg, p < 0.001). The two groups of children differed in the relative amounts of SB of different chain lengths (C17, C18 and C20). Thymus- and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC/CCL17) was slightly higher in children who developed AD, whereas NMF and corneocyte surface texture were similar. AD severity assessed by the eczema area and severity index (EASI) at disease onset was 4.2 (2.0;7.2). [P] had the highest prediction accuracy among the biomarkers (75.6%), whereas the combination of 5 lipid ratios gave an accuracy of 89.4%. CONCLUSION This study showed that levels and SB chain length were altered in infants who later developed AD, and that TARC/CCL17 levels were higher.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rasmussen Rinnov
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Anne-Sofie Halling
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark.,Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Trine Gerner
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Nina Haarup Ravn
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Mette Hjorslev Knudgaard
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Simon Trautner
- Department of Neonatology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Susan M I Goorden
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Karen J M Ghauharali-van der Vlugt
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Femke S Stet
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lone Skov
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Simon Francis Thomsen
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alexander Egeberg
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Aske L L Rosted
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Troels Petersen
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ivone Jakasa
- Laboratory for Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Sanja Kezic
- Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Department of Public and Occupational Health Amsterdam UMC, Department of Public and Occupational Health, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jacob P Thyssen
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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8
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Berg AK, Grauslund AC, Nørgaard K, Thorsen SU, Zachariae C, Halling AS, Jakasa I, Kezic S, Svensson J, Thyssen JP. Similar Skin Barrier Function in Persons with Type 1 Diabetes Compared to Healthy Controls. JID Innovations 2023; 3:100200. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xjidi.2023.100200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
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9
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Gether L, Storgaard H, Kezic S, Jakasa I, Hartmann B, Skov-Jeppesen K, Holst JJ, Pedersen AJ, Forman J, van Hall G, Sørensen OE, Skov L, Røpke MA, Knop FK, Thyssen JP. Effects of topical corticosteroid versus tacrolimus on insulin sensitivity and bone homeostasis in adults with atopic dermatitis-A randomized controlled study. Allergy 2023. [PMID: 36824052 DOI: 10.1111/all.15690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Topical corticosteroids (TCS), used to treat atopic dermatitis (AD), have been associated with type 2 diabetes and osteoporosis in epidemiological studies, possibly explained by systemic absorption. OBJECTIVES We examined whether intensive daily whole-body TCS treatment over 2 weeks followed by twice weekly application for 4 weeks could elicit insulin resistance and increase bone resorption in adults with AD. METHODS A randomized parallel-group double-blind double-dummy non-corticosteroid-based active comparator study design was completed in Copenhagen, Denmark. Thirty-six non-obese, non-diabetic adults with moderate-to-severe AD were randomized to whole-body treatment with betamethasone 17-valerate 0.1% plus a vehicle once daily or tacrolimus 0.1% twice daily after washout. Insulin sensitivity assessed by the hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp combined with tracer infusions and biomarkers of bone formation (P1NP) and resorption (CTX) were evaluated at baseline, after 2 weeks of daily treatment and after further 4 weeks of twice-weekly maintenance treatment. RESULTS AD severity improved with both treatments and systemic inflammation was reduced. After 2 weeks, we observed similar increase in peripheral insulin sensitivity with use of betamethasone (n = 18) and tacrolimus (n = 18). Bone resorption biomarker, CTX, was unchanged, while bone formation marker, P1NP, decreased after betamethasone treatment after both 2 and 6 weeks but remained unchanged in the tacrolimus arm. CONCLUSIONS Whole-body treatment with TCS leads to systemic exposure but appears not to compromise glucose metabolism during short-term use, which may be a result of reduced systemic inflammatory activity. The negative impact on bone formation could be regarded an adverse effect of TCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lise Gether
- Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Herlev-Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Copenhagen Research Group for Inflammatory Skin (CORGIS), Herlev-Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
- LEO Pharma A/S, Ballerup, Denmark
| | - Heidi Storgaard
- Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Herlev-Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sanja Kezic
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ivone Jakasa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laboratory for Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Bolette Hartmann
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kirsa Skov-Jeppesen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens J Holst
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Julie Forman
- Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gerrit van Hall
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Facility, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Lone Skov
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Copenhagen Research Group for Inflammatory Skin (CORGIS), Herlev-Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mads A Røpke
- LEO Pharma A/S, Ballerup, Denmark
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Filip K Knop
- Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Herlev-Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jacob Pontoppidan Thyssen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Bispebjerg-Frederiksberg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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10
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Krivohlavek A, Mikulec N, Budeč M, Barušić L, Bošnir J, Šikić S, Jakasa I, Begović T, Janda R, Vitale K. Migration of BPA from Food Packaging and Household Products on the Croatian Market. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:2877. [PMID: 36833573 PMCID: PMC9957217 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20042877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BPA is a plasticizer for the production of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins and is widely used in the production of household goods, including food packaging. Free BPA is known to migrate from packaging to food, and its uptake has been associated with adverse health effect, particularly the disruption of endocrine activity. The presence and migration of BPA from plastic consumer products are subject to strict regulation in the EU. The aim of this study is to analyse the migration of BPA from different packaging items and household products sold on the Croatian market. To simulate real life exposure, we treated samples with a food simulant. The analytical performance was confirmed with the EU requirements. BPA levels were assessed in 61 samples by HPLC-FLD and the LOQ of the method was 0.005 mg kg-1 for the food simulant. These results showed that the levels of BPA that migrated to the food simulant were below LOQ and in accordance with the specific migration limit into food, which was defined as 0.05 mg kg-1 for all samples. None of the analysed products presented a health hazard. However, these regulations do not refer to products intended for children's use, in which BPA is banned. Furthermore, regulations require testing before putting products on the market, and previous research shows that possible BPA migration occurs due to various uses, along with a cumulative effect of exposure from even very small concentrations. Therefore, for accurate BPA consumer exposure evaluation and possible health risks, a comprehensive approach is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adela Krivohlavek
- Teaching Institute for Public Health “Dr. Andrija Štampar”, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nataša Mikulec
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maja Budeč
- Teaching Institute for Public Health “Dr. Andrija Štampar”, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lidija Barušić
- Teaching Institute for Public Health “Dr. Andrija Štampar”, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jasna Bošnir
- Teaching Institute for Public Health “Dr. Andrija Štampar”, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sandra Šikić
- Teaching Institute for Public Health “Dr. Andrija Štampar”, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivone Jakasa
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tajana Begović
- Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Rea Janda
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ksenija Vitale
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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11
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Halling AS, Rinnov MR, Ruge IF, Gerner T, Ravn NH, Knudgaard MH, Trautner S, Loft N, Skov L, Thomsen SF, Egeberg A, Guttman-Yassky E, Rosted ALL, Petersen T, Jakasa I, Kezic S, Thyssen JP. Skin TARC/CCL17 increase precedes the development of childhood atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2022:S0091-6749(22)02503-9. [PMID: 36572354 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is unknown whether skin biomarkers collected in infancy can predict the onset of atopic dermatitis (AD) and be used in future prevention trials to identify children at risk. OBJECTIVES This study sought to examine whether skin biomarkers can predict AD during the first 2 years of life. METHODS This study enrolled 300 term and 150 preterm children at birth and followed for AD until the age of 2 years. Skin tape strips were collected at 0 to 3 days and 2 months of age and analyzed for selected immune and barrier biomarkers. Hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) using Cox regression was calculated for the risk of AD. RESULTS The 2-year prevalence of AD was 34.6% (99 of 286) and 21.2% (25 of 118) among term and preterm children, respectively. Skin biomarkers collected at birth did not predict AD. Elevated thymus- and activation-regulated chemokine/C-C motif chemokine ligand 17 -levels collected at 2 months of age increased the overall risk of AD (HR: 2.11; 95% CI: 1.36-3.26; P = .0008) and moderate-to-severe AD (HR: 4.97; 95% CI: 2.09-11.80; P = .0003). IL-8 and IL-18 predicted moderate-to-severe AD. Low filaggrin degradation product levels increased the risk of AD (HR: 2.04; 95% CI: 1.32-3.15; P = .001). Elevated biomarker levels at 2 months predicted AD at other skin sites and many months after collection. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that noninvasively collected skin biomarkers of barrier and immune pathways can precede the onset of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Sofie Halling
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Maria Rasmussen Rinnov
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark; Department of Neonatology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Iben Frier Ruge
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Trine Gerner
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Nina Haarup Ravn
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Mette Hjorslev Knudgaard
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Simon Trautner
- Department of Neonatology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nikolai Loft
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Lone Skov
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Simon F Thomsen
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alexander Egeberg
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Emma Guttman-Yassky
- Department of Dermatology and the Laboratory for Inflammatory Skin Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | | | | | - Ivone Jakasa
- Laboratory for Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sanja Kezic
- Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jacob P Thyssen
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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12
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Gerner T, Rasmussen Rinnov M, Halling AS, Haarup Ravn N, Hjorslev Knudgaard M, Ewertsen C, Trautner S, Jakasa I, Kezic S, Skov L, Thyssen JP. Differences in Occurrence, Risk Factors and Severity of Early-onset Atopic Dermatitis among Preterm and Term Children. Acta Derm Venereol 2022; 102:adv00737. [DOI: 10.2340/actadv.v102.575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This prospective birth cohort followed 150 preterm and 300 term newborns during the first year of life to assess possible differences in risk factors, age at onset, anatomical location, and severity of atopic dermatitis. Atopic dermatitis was diagnosed clinically, and severity was assessed using Eczema Area Severity Index (EASI). DNA was analysed for filaggrin gene mutations. Parents were asked about environmental exposures and emollient use. Atopic dermatitis during the first year of life was observed in 21.2% of children and was more common in term children compared with preterm children (26.7% vs 11.7%, p < 0.001), with lower age of onset (4 vs 6 months, p < 0.05) and more severe disease at onset (EASI: 4.8 vs 0.4, p < 0.0005). Environmental risk factors for atopic dermatitis were essentially similar for preterm and term born children, apart from winter and autumn births. Filaggrin gene mutations were less common in preterm than term children (4.1% vs 9.2%, p = 0.06).
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13
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Andersson AM, Sølberg J, Koch A, Skov L, Jakasa I, Kezic S, Thyssen JP. Assessment of biomarkers in pediatric atopic dermatitis by tape strips and skin biopsies. Allergy 2022; 77:1499-1509. [PMID: 34695223 DOI: 10.1111/all.15153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cytokine profile of atopic dermatitis (AD) depends on age, ethnicity, and disease severity. This study examined biomarkers in children with AD collected by tape strips and skin biopsies, and examined whether the levels differed with filaggrin genotype, disease severity, and food allergy. METHODS Twenty-five children aged 2-14 years with AD were clinically examined. Skin biopsies were collected from lesional skin and tape strips were collected from lesional and non-lesional skin. We analyzed natural moisturizing factor (NMF) and 17 immune markers represented by mRNA levels in skin biopsies and protein levels in tape strips. Common filaggrin gene mutations were examined in all children. RESULTS The cytokine profile in lesional skin was dominated by a T helper (Th) 2 response in skin biopsies, and by a general increase in innate inflammation markers (interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1β, IL-8, IL-18) along with TARC and CTACK in tape strips. The levels of TARC, CTACK, IL-8, IL-18 showed significant correlation with AD severity in both lesional and non-lesional tape stripped skin, while no significant correlations were observed in skin biopsy data. In tape strips from lesional and non-lesional skin, the levels of NMF and selected cytokines differed significantly between children with and without FLG mutations and food allergy. CONCLUSION Sampling of the stratum corneum with non-invasive tape strips can be used to identify biomarkers that are associated with disease severity, food allergy and FLG mutations. Skin biopsies showed robust Th2 signature but was inferior for association analysis regarding severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Andersson
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Herlev and Gentofte Hospital University of Copenhagen Hellerup Denmark
- University of Greenland Nuuk Greenland
- Copenhagen Research Group for Inflammatory Skin (CORGIS) Hellerup Denmark
| | - Julie Sølberg
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Herlev and Gentofte Hospital The National Allergy Research Centre University of Copenhagen Hellerup Denmark
| | - Anders Koch
- University of Greenland Nuuk Greenland
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Prevention Statens Serum Institut Copenhagen Denmark
- Department of Infectious Diseases Rigshospitalet University Hospital Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Lone Skov
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Herlev and Gentofte Hospital University of Copenhagen Hellerup Denmark
- Copenhagen Research Group for Inflammatory Skin (CORGIS) Hellerup Denmark
| | - Ivone Jakasa
- Laboratory for Analytical Chemistry Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology University of Zagreb Pieottijeva, Zagreb Croatia
- Department of Public and Occupational Health Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam Amsterdam Netherlands
| | - Sanja Kezic
- Department of Public and Occupational Health Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam Amsterdam Netherlands
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14
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Symanzik C, Kezic S, Jakasa I, Skudlik C, John SM, Brans R, Sonsmann FK. Effects of skin washing frequency on the epidermal barrier function and inflammatory processes of the epidermis: an experimental study. Contact Dermatitis 2022; 87:241-246. [PMID: 35357722 DOI: 10.1111/cod.14119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased hand hygiene measures during the COVID-19 pandemic have led to an increased quantum of hand eczema (HE). OBJECTIVES To examine the effects of varying washing frequencies using current mild cleansing agents - alongside with the effect of a rehydrating cream - on the epidermal barrier function and inflammatory processes of the stratum corneum (SC). METHODS Standardized skin washings on the volar aspects of the lower arms of skin healthy volunteers were performed using the Automated Cleansing Device either 5 or 11 times within 4 hours for 60 seconds each with a standard cleanser, a lipid-containing syndet, or a lipid-containing syndet followed by one-time application of a rehydrating cream. Skin bioengineering parameters (transepidermal water loss, SC hydration, erythema, and SC pH) and biochemical / immunological parameters (IL-1α, IL-1αRA, and Natural Moisturizing Factor) of SC samples collected by tape stripping were assessed. RESULTS All applied washing procedures provided comparable, mild effects on the epidermal barrier function and skin inflammation. CONCLUSIONS Occupational skin cleansers seem to have improved regarding skin barrier damaging effects. To further corroborate this, a study design, modified on the basis of our findings, applying longer washing periods for consecutive days seems desirable. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cara Symanzik
- Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany.,Institute for Interdisciplinary Dermatological Prevention and Rehabilitation (iDerm) at Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Sanja Kezic
- Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), Department of Public and Occupational Health, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ivone Jakasa
- Laboratory for Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Christoph Skudlik
- Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany.,Institute for Interdisciplinary Dermatological Prevention and Rehabilitation (iDerm) at Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Swen Malte John
- Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany.,Institute for Interdisciplinary Dermatological Prevention and Rehabilitation (iDerm) at Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Richard Brans
- Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany.,Institute for Interdisciplinary Dermatological Prevention and Rehabilitation (iDerm) at Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Flora Karla Sonsmann
- Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany.,Institute for Interdisciplinary Dermatological Prevention and Rehabilitation (iDerm) at Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany
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15
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Kezic S, McAleer MA, Jakasa I, Goorden SMI, Ghauharali-van der Vlugt K, Beers-Stet FS, Meijer J, Roelofsen J, Nieman MM, van Kuilenburg ABP, Irvine AD. Children with atopic dermatitis show increased activity of β- glucocerebrosidase and stratum corneum levels of glucosylcholesterol that are strongly related to local cytokine milieu. Br J Dermatol 2022; 186:988-996. [PMID: 34993951 PMCID: PMC9325351 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.20979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Background Atopic dermatitis (AD) is characterized by immune dysregulations and an impaired skin barrier, including abnormalities in lipid organization. In the stratum corneum (SC), β‐glucocerebrosidase (GBA) mediates transformation of glucosylceramide (GlcCER) into ceramide (CER) and cholesterol into glucosylcholesterol (GlcChol). Alteration in GBA activity might contribute to skin barrier defects in AD. Objectives To investigate GBA activity in the SC of children with AD before and after topical corticosteroid therapy and to compare it with healthy controls; to determine SC levels of GlcCER‐ and CER‐containing hydroxysphingosine base (GlcCER[H] and CER[H], respectively) and GlcChol; and to relate them to disease severity, skin barrier function and the local cytokine milieu. Methods Lipid markers and cytokines of innate, T helper 1 and T helper 2 immunity were determined in SC collected from healthy children and from clinically unaffected skin of children with AD, before and after 6 weeks of therapy with topical corticosteroids. AD severity was assessed by Scoring Atopic Dermatitis and skin barrier function by transepidermal water loss (TEWL). Results Baseline GBA activity and GlcChol levels were increased in children with AD but declined after therapy. CER[H] levels and the CER[H] to GlcCER[H] ratio were increased in AD. GBA activity and GlcChol correlated with TEWL and levels of multiple cytokines, especially interleukin‐1α and interleukin‐18. GlcChol was strongly associated with disease severity. Conclusions We show increased GBA activity and levels of GlcChol in AD. Our data suggest an important role of inflammation in disturbed lipid processing. GBA activity or GlcChol might be useful biomarkers in the monitoring of therapeutic responses in AD. What is already known about this topic?Patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) have a reduced skin barrier, mainly caused by altered lipid organization. The mechanisms underlying these lipid anomalies are not fully understood but likely reflect both genetic abnormalities in AD skin and the local cutaneous inflammatory environment.
What does this study add?We show increased activity of the ceramide‐generating enzyme β‐glucocerebrosidase in AD. Activity of this enzyme was correlated with the local cytokine milieu and declined after local corticosteroid therapy. We show that glucosylcholesterol levels in the stratum corneum are increased in AD. The function of glucosylcholesterol and the physiological consequences of increased levels are not clear yet; however, its levels were strongly correlated with skin barrier function: high transepidermal water loss strongly correlated with high levels of glucosylcholesterol.
What is the translational message?Correction of cutaneous inflammation largely restores alterations in lipid metabolism in the stratum corneum of infants with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanja Kezic
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maeve A McAleer
- Clinical Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Paediatric Dermatology, Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, Dublin 12, Ireland
| | - Ivone Jakasa
- Laboratory for Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Susan M I Goorden
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Department of Clinical Chemistry Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Karen Ghauharali-van der Vlugt
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Department of Clinical Chemistry Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Femke S Beers-Stet
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Department of Clinical Chemistry Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Judith Meijer
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Department of Clinical Chemistry Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Roelofsen
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Department of Clinical Chemistry Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Monique M Nieman
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Department of Clinical Chemistry Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - André B P van Kuilenburg
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Department of Clinical Chemistry Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alan D Irvine
- Clinical Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Paediatric Dermatology, Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, Dublin 12, Ireland
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16
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Keurentjes AJ, Jakasa I, van Dijk A, van Putten E, Brans R, John SM, Rustemeyer T, van der Molen HF, Kezic S. Stratum corneum biomarkers after in vivo repeated exposure to sub-erythemal dosages of ultraviolet radiation in unprotected and sunscreen (SPF 50+) protected skin. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed 2021; 38:60-68. [PMID: 34278599 DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a need for non-invasive biomarkers to assess in vivo efficacy of protective measures aiming at reducing ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure. Stratum corneum (SC) biomarkers showed to be promising markers for internal UVR dose and immune response. PURPOSE To establish a dose-response relationship for SC biomarkers and explore their suitability for in vivo assessment of the blocking effect of two sunscreens with a high sun protection factor (SPF) (50+). METHODS Twelve volunteers were exposed to a broad-spectrum UVB (280-320 nm), five times a week, during one week. Unprotected back skin was irradiated with 0.24, 0.48, 0.72 and 1.44 standard erythema dose (SED) and sunscreen-protected skin with 3.6 SED. SC samples for determination of the relative amount of cis-urocanic acid (cUCA) and thirteen immunological makers including cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) were collected after each irradiation. RESULTS cUCA sharply increased after the first irradiation in a dose-dependent fashion. However, it levelled-off after subsequent exposures and reached a plateau for the highest UV-dose after the third irradiation. None of the immunological markers showed dose-dependency. However, MMP-9, IL-1β and CCL27 increased gradually from baseline during repetitive exposures to the highest UV-dose. Assessed from cUCA, both sunscreens blocked >98% of the applied UV-dose. CONCLUSIONS cUCA is a sensitive, non-invasive marker of the internal UVR dose enabling in vivo assessment of the blocking effect of high SPF sunscreens in the UVB-region. Immunological SC markers show low sensitivity in detecting immune response at sub-erythemal UVR dosages, suggesting they might be suitable only at higher and/or repetitive UVR exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Josephine Keurentjes
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ivone Jakasa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laboratory for Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Arjan van Dijk
- Center for Environmental Safety and Security, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Edith van Putten
- Center for Environmental Safety and Security, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Richard Brans
- Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany.,Institute for Interdisciplinary Dermatological Prevention and Rehabilitation (iDerm) at the University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Swen Malte John
- Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany.,Institute for Interdisciplinary Dermatological Prevention and Rehabilitation (iDerm) at the University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Thomas Rustemeyer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henk F van der Molen
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sanja Kezic
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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17
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Keurentjes AJ, Jakasa I, Kezic S. Research Techniques Made Simple: Stratum Corneum Tape Stripping. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 141:1129-1133.e1. [PMID: 33888213 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Stratum corneum (SC)-derived biomarkers can provide relevant information on the skin's antimicrobial, physical, and immunological barriers. The SC is easily accessible, and collection by adhesive tapes (tape stripping [TS]) is robust and minimally invasive. Given its minimal invasiveness and simplicity, TS is particularly useful for studies in the pediatric population and when repetitive sampling over time is desirable, for example, in clinical trials. The palette of SC biomarkers is expanding in a wide variety of research areas, benefiting from advances in multiplex immunoassays and omics approaches, including proteomics, lipidomics, and transcriptomics. Although there is increasing interest in collecting SC samples, the lack of TS standardization hampers its broader implementation in research and clinical practice. In this article, we address the TS procedure as well as methodological challenges that should be considered in the development of an optimal sampling strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne J Keurentjes
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ivone Jakasa
- Laboratory for Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sanja Kezic
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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18
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Jurakic Toncic R, Jakasa I, Sun Y, Hurault G, Ljubojevic Hadzavdic S, Tanaka RJ, Pavicic B, Balic A, Zuzul K, Petkovic M, Kezic S, Marinovic B. Stratum corneum markers of innate and T helper cell-related immunity and their relation to the disease severity in Croatian patients with atopic dermatitis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021; 35:1186-1196. [PMID: 33480075 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.17132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) presents with the wide spectrum of clinical phenotypes within and between various populations. Recent study showed low frequency of filaggrin loss-of-function (FLG LOF) mutations in Croatian AD patients. At present, there are no data on biomarkers of immune response in Croatian AD patients that might be useful in the selection and monitoring of novel immune therapies. OBJECTIVES To investigate levels of cytokines of various signature in the stratum corneum (SC) collected from lesional and non-lesional skin of AD patients and healthy controls and to evaluate their relationship with the severity of disease and skin barrier function. METHODS SC samples were collected from 100 adult patients with moderate-to-severe AD and 50 healthy controls. The levels of 21 cytokines were measured by multiplex immunoassay. We conducted machine learning analysis to assess whether a small number of cytokine measurements can discriminate between healthy controls and AD patients and can predict AD severity (SCORAD). RESULTS The SC levels of thirteen cytokines representing innate immunity, Th-1, Th-2 and Th-17/22 immune response showed significant differences between healthy and AD skin. Our analysis demonstrated that as few as three cytokines measured in lesional skin can discriminate healthy controls and AD with an accuracy of 99% and that the predictive models for SCORAD did not achieve a high accuracy. Cytokine levels were highly correlated with the levels of filaggrin degradation products and skin barrier function. CONCLUSIONS Stratum corneum analysis revealed aberrant levels of cytokines representing innate immunity, Th-1-, Th-2- and Th-17/22-mediated immune response in Croatian AD patients. Increased Th-2 cytokines and their strong association with natural moisturizing factor (NMF) can explain low NMF levels despite of low frequency of FLG LOF mutations in Croatian population. Predictive models for SCORAD identified cytokines associated with SCORAD but warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Jurakic Toncic
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine in Zagreb, University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - I Jakasa
- Laboratory for Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Y Sun
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - G Hurault
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - S Ljubojevic Hadzavdic
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine in Zagreb, University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - R J Tanaka
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - B Pavicic
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine in Zagreb, University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - A Balic
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine in Zagreb, University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - K Zuzul
- Department of Dermatology, Clinical Hospital Dubrava, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - M Petkovic
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine in Zagreb, University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - S Kezic
- Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - B Marinovic
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine in Zagreb, University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
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19
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Brans R, Jakasa I, Goc S, John SM, Kezic S. Stratum corneum levels of inflammatory mediators and natural moisturizing factor in patch test reactions to thiurams and fragrances and their possible role in discrimination between irritant and allergic reactions to hapten mixtures. Contact Dermatitis 2020; 84:299-307. [PMID: 33222241 DOI: 10.1111/cod.13746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patch test (PT) reactions to thiuram mix (TM) and fragrance mix (FM) I or II without concomitant reactions to their single constituents are potentially caused by the irritant properties of the mixes. OBJECTIVE Comparing inflammatory profiles of PT reactions to TM, FM I, FM II, and their constituents and assessing their potential in discrimination of irritant and allergic reactions. PATIENTS AND METHODS Levels of 14 cytokines and natural moisturizing factor (NMF) were determined in stratum corneum samples collected from PT reactions to TM, FM I or II, their constituents, and petrolatum (pet.) control sites in 36 individuals. RESULTS Levels of interleukin (IL)-16, chemokine (CXC motif) ligand (CXCL) 8, CXCL10, chemokine (CC motif) ligand (CCL) 17, and CCL22 were significantly increased in reactions (+, ++) to thiurams and fragrances compared to their petrolatum. controls, except for PT reactions to FM I/II with negative breakdown testing in which, however, decreased levels of NMF were observed. In doubtful reactions to FM I/II with negative breakdown testing, NMF was significantly lower than in petrolatum controls. CONCLUSIONS PT reactions to thiurams and fragrances indicate a Th2-skewed inflammation. The inflammatory profiles suggest that weak or doubtful FM I/II reactions without accompanying reaction to a constituent were irritant. IL-16 might be suitable to distinguish irritant from allergic reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Brans
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Dermatologic Prevention and Rehabilitation (iDerm) at the University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Ivone Jakasa
- Laboratory for Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sanja Goc
- Department for Immunochemistry and Glycobiology, Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy - INEP, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Swen M John
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Dermatologic Prevention and Rehabilitation (iDerm) at the University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Sanja Kezic
- Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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20
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Holm JG, Clausen ML, Agner T, Arildsen NS, Jakasa I, Kezic S, Thomsen SF. Epidermal biomarker levels differentiate lesional from non-lesional skin and show variation across anatomical locations in patients with atopic dermatitis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2020; 35:e325-e327. [PMID: 33290630 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.17070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J G Holm
- Department of Dermato-Venereology, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M L Clausen
- Department of Dermato-Venereology, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - T Agner
- Department of Dermato-Venereology, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - N S Arildsen
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - I Jakasa
- Laboratory for Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - S Kezic
- Academic Medical Center, Coronel Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - S F Thomsen
- Department of Dermato-Venereology, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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21
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McAleer MA, Jakasa I, Stefanovic N, McLean WHI, Kezic S, Irvine AD. Topical corticosteroids normalize both skin and systemic inflammatory markers in infant atopic dermatitis. Br J Dermatol 2020; 185:153-163. [PMID: 33269467 PMCID: PMC8359435 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.19703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common inflammatory skin disease. It is highly heterogeneous in clinical presentation, treatment response, disease trajectory and associated atopic comorbidities. Immune biomarkers are dysregulated in skin and peripheral blood. Aims We used noninvasive skin and peripheral biomarkers to observe the effects of real‐world topical corticosteroid (TCS) treatment in infants with AD, by measuring skin and blood biomarkers before and after therapy. Methods Seventy‐four treatment‐naïve infants with AD underwent 6 weeks of TCS treatment. Stratum corneum (SC) and plasma blood biomarkers as well as SC natural moisturizing factor (NMF) were measured before and after TCS therapy. Immune markers included innate, T helper (Th)1 and Th2 immunity, angiogenesis, and vascular factors. AD severity was assessed by the Scoring Atopic Dermatitis index, and skin barrier function by transepidermal water loss (TEWL). Twenty healthy infants were recruited as controls. Results TCS therapy predictably led to improvement in disease severity. Levels of immune markers in the skin and in the peripheral blood showed significant change from baseline, though most did not reach healthy control levels. The most prominent change from baseline in the SC was in markers of innate immune activation, interleukin (IL)‐18, IL‐8 and IL‐1α, and the Th2 chemokines C‐C motif chemokine (CCL)17 and CCL22. In blood, the largest changes were in Th2‐skewed biomarkers: CCL17, IL‐13, CCL22, IL‐5, and CCL26. TEWL decreased after therapy; no significant changes from baseline were found for NMF. Conclusions The profound impact of topical therapy on systemic biomarkers suggests that the skin compartment generates a major component of dysregulated systemic cytokines in infant AD. There may be long‐term beneficial effects of correcting systemic immune dysregulation through topical therapy.
What is already known about this topic?
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a clinically heterogeneous condition with multiple clinical manifestations and a complex pathogenesis. Noninvasive sampling of the stratum corneum has yielded significant insights into cytokine profiles of this compartment in AD. Peripheral blood signatures have distinct cytokine profiles in childhood AD.
What does this study add?
We show the effects of topical corticosteroid (TCS) therapy on both skin‐derived and peripheral blood biomarkers. TCS therapy had an effect on the cutaneous compartment but also substantially normalized the peripheral blood compartment cytokine signatures. The long‐term effects of normalizing peripheral immune signatures are unknown but could potentially be beneficial.
What is the translational message?
TCS therapy can normalize systemic immune dysregulation in infant AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A McAleer
- Paediatric Dermatology, Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland.,National Children's Research Centre, Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland.,Clinical Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - I Jakasa
- Laboratory for Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Croatia
| | - N Stefanovic
- Clinical Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - W H I McLean
- Dermatology and Genetic Medicine, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - S Kezic
- Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - A D Irvine
- Paediatric Dermatology, Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland.,National Children's Research Centre, Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland.,Laboratory for Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Croatia
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22
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Haftek M, McAleer MA, Jakasa I, McLean WI, Kezic S, Irvine AD. Changes in nano-mechanical properties of human epidermal cornified cells in children with atopic dermatitis. Wellcome Open Res 2020; 5:97. [PMID: 32954014 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15729.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Impaired skin barrier is an important etiological factor in atopic dermatitis (AD). The structural protein filaggrin (FLG) plays a major role in maintenance of the competent skin barrier and its deficiency is associated with enhanced susceptibility to mechanical injury. Here we examined biomechanical characteristics of the corneocytes in children with AD and healthy controls. Methods: We recruited 20 children with AD and 7 healthy children. They were genotyped for filaggrin gene ( FLG) loss-of-function mutations. Stratum corneum was collected from clinically unaffected skin by adhesive tapes. Cell stiffness (apparent elastic modulus, Ea) was determined by atomic force microscopy and filaggrin degradation products (NMF) by liquid chromatography. Skin barrier function was assessed through trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL) and disease severity by the SCORing Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) tool. Results: Corneocytes collected from AD patients showed a decreased elastic modulus which was strongly correlated with NMF and TEWL, but not with SCORAD. As compared with healthy controls, AD patients had reduced TEWL and NMF levels regardless of FLG mutations. NMF was strongly correlated with TEWL. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate that AD patients have decreased corneocyte stiffness which correlates with reduced levels of filaggrin degradation products, NMF and skin barrier function. Altered mechanical properties of the corneocytes likely contribute to the loss of mechanical integrity of the SC and to reduced skin barrier function in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Haftek
- Laboratory of Tissue Biology and Therapeutic Engineering, CNRS UMR5305, Lyon, France
| | - Maeve A McAleer
- Dermatology, Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland.,National Children's Research Centre, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ivone Jakasa
- Laboratory for Analytical Chemistry, Dept. of Chemistry and Biochemistry,, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Wh Irwin McLean
- Dermatology and Genetic Medicine, Univsersity of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Sanja Kezic
- Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alan D Irvine
- Dermatology, Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland.,National Children's Research Centre, Dublin, Ireland.,Clinical Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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23
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Haftek M, McAleer MA, Jakasa I, McLean WI, Kezic S, Irvine AD. Changes in nano-mechanical properties of human epidermal cornified cells in children with atopic dermatitis. Wellcome Open Res 2020; 5:97. [PMID: 32954014 PMCID: PMC7477645 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15729.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Impaired skin barrier is an important etiological factor in atopic dermatitis (AD). The structural protein filaggrin (FLG) plays a major role in maintenance of the competent skin barrier and its deficiency is associated with enhanced susceptibility to mechanical injury. Here we examined biomechanical characteristics of the corneocytes in children with AD and healthy controls. Methods: We recruited 20 children with AD and 7 healthy children. They were genotyped for filaggrin gene ( FLG) loss-of-function mutations. Stratum corneum was collected from clinically unaffected skin by adhesive tapes. Cell stiffness (apparent elastic modulus, Ea) was determined by atomic force microscopy and filaggrin degradation products (NMF) by liquid chromatography. Skin barrier function was assessed through trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL) and disease severity by the SCORing Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) tool. Results: Corneocytes collected from AD patients showed a decreased elastic modulus which was strongly correlated with NMF and TEWL, but not with SCORAD. As compared with healthy controls, AD patients had reduced TEWL and NMF levels regardless of FLG mutations. NMF was strongly correlated with TEWL. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate that AD patients have decreased corneocyte stiffness which correlates with reduced levels of filaggrin degradation products, NMF and skin barrier function. Altered mechanical properties of the corneocytes likely contribute to the loss of mechanical integrity of the SC and to reduced skin barrier function in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Haftek
- Laboratory of Tissue Biology and Therapeutic Engineering, CNRS UMR5305, Lyon, France
| | - Maeve A McAleer
- Dermatology, Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland.,National Children's Research Centre, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ivone Jakasa
- Laboratory for Analytical Chemistry, Dept. of Chemistry and Biochemistry,, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Wh Irwin McLean
- Dermatology and Genetic Medicine, Univsersity of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Sanja Kezic
- Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alan D Irvine
- Dermatology, Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland.,National Children's Research Centre, Dublin, Ireland.,Clinical Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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24
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Keurentjes AJ, Jakasa I, John SM, Ulrich C, Bekkenk MW, Rustemeyer T, Kezic S. Tape stripping the stratum corneum for biomarkers of ultraviolet radiation exposure at sub-erythemal dosages: a study in human volunteers. Biomarkers 2020; 25:490-497. [PMID: 32657162 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2020.1792551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Prevalence of skin cancer is rapidly increasing. There is a need for non-invasive biomarkers to assess efficacy of prevention strategies aiming at reduction of exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR). Recently, stratum corneum (SC) biomarkers were applied in various inflammatory skin diseases. Here, we explore their suitability as candidate biomarkers for UVR. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twelve volunteers were exposed to a UVB-dose of 0.72 SED, three times a week, during three weeks. As candidate biomarkers, cis-isomers of urocanic acid (cUCA) and 25 immunological mediators were measured in the SC. RESULTS Eight immunological markers significantly changed from baseline. Of them, IL-1RA/IL-1α and a placental growth factor (PIGF) showed gradual changes during UVR-exposure (p < 0.01 for linear trend). cUCA increased sharply already after the first exposure, however, reached a plateau in the second week. CONCLUSIONS SC represents a promising, non-invasive alternative to skin biopsy in detecting UVR-induced changes. cUCA is the marker of choice for assessment of single UVR-exposure; however, it is less suitable for cumulative UVR-dose. Immunological markers including IL-1RA/IL-1α and PIGF showed gradual changes, and therefore are convenient for monitoring chronic UVR-exposure. These candidate biomarkers might facilitate assessment of the efficacy of preventive measures in the workplace and general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne J Keurentjes
- Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ivone Jakasa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, Laboratory for Analytical Chemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Swen M John
- Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine, University of Osnabrueck, Osnabrueck, Germany.,Institute for Interdisciplinary Dermatological Prevention and Rehabilitation (iDerm), Lower-Saxonian Institute of Occupational Dermatology (NIB), University of Osnabrück, Osnabrueck, Germany
| | - Claas Ulrich
- Skin Cancer Centre/HTCC, Hautklinik der Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcel W Bekkenk
- Department of Dermatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Rustemeyer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sanja Kezic
- Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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25
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Toncic RJ, Kezic S, Hadzavdic SL, Marinovic B, Jakasa I. Stratum Corneum Biomarkers in Atopic Dermatitis: Biological and Spatial Variability. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1875318302010010047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Atopic dermatitis is a highly heterogeneous skin disease, mainly affecting children. Introduction of biological therapies has urged the development of biomarkers to facilitate personalized therapy. Stratum corneum biomarkers emerged as a promising non-invasive alternative to skin biopsy, yet validation of spatial and biological variability is essential for their application in clinical research.
Objective:
To assess spatial and biological variability of stratum corneum biomarkers for atopic dermatitis.
Methods:
Stratum corneum was collected from 17 atopic dermatitis patients by consecutive application of eight adhesive tapes to a lesional skin site and 2 cm and 4 cm from the lesion. Two non-lesional sites at a 2 cm distance from the same lesion were collected to determine biological variability. Filaggrin degradation products (NMF) were determined by liquid chromatography and thirteen cytokines (IL-4, IL-13, IL-18, IL-31, IL-33, CCL17, CCL22, CCL27, CXCL8, IL-1α, IL-RA, IL-18, IL-22) by multiplex immunoassay.
Results:
Biomarker levels showed gradual changes from lesional to non-lesional skin sites at 2 cm and 4 cm; magnitude and direction of change were biomarker-specific. Intra-subject variability ranged from 17.3% (NMF) to 85.1% (CXCL8). Biomarker levels from two stratum corneum depths were highly correlated; several biomarkers showed significant depth dependence.
Conclusion:
Stratum corneum enables non-invasive collection of relevant immune and epidermal biomarkers, but biomarker-specific spatial and biological variability emphasizes the importance of standardized procedures for stratum corneum collection.
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26
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Van Gool A, Corrales F, Čolović M, Krstić D, Oliver-Martos B, Martínez-Cáceres E, Jakasa I, Gajski G, Brun V, Kyriacou K, Burzynska-Pedziwiatr I, Wozniak LA, Nierkens S, Pascual García C, Katrlik J, Bojic-Trbojevic Z, Vacek J, Llorente A, Antohe F, Suica V, Suarez G, t'Kindt R, Martin P, Penque D, Martins IL, Bodoki E, Iacob BC, Aydindogan E, Timur S, Allinson J, Sutton C, Luider T, Wittfooth S, Sammar M. Analytical techniques for multiplex analysis of protein biomarkers. Expert Rev Proteomics 2020; 17:257-273. [PMID: 32427033 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2020.1763174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The importance of biomarkers for pharmaceutical drug development and clinical diagnostics is more significant than ever in the current shift toward personalized medicine. Biomarkers have taken a central position either as companion markers to support drug development and patient selection, or as indicators aiming to detect the earliest perturbations indicative of disease, minimizing therapeutic intervention or even enabling disease reversal. Protein biomarkers are of particular interest given their central role in biochemical pathways. Hence, capabilities to analyze multiple protein biomarkers in one assay are highly interesting for biomedical research. AREAS COVERED We here review multiple methods that are suitable for robust, high throughput, standardized, and affordable analysis of protein biomarkers in a multiplex format. We describe innovative developments in immunoassays, the vanguard of methods in clinical laboratories, and mass spectrometry, increasingly implemented for protein biomarker analysis. Moreover, emerging techniques are discussed with potentially improved protein capture, separation, and detection that will further boost multiplex analyses. EXPERT COMMENTARY The development of clinically applied multiplex protein biomarker assays is essential as multi-protein signatures provide more comprehensive information about biological systems than single biomarkers, leading to improved insights in mechanisms of disease, diagnostics, and the effect of personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain Van Gool
- Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center , Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Fernado Corrales
- Functional Proteomics Laboratory, Centro Nacional De Biotecnología , Madrid, Spain
| | - Mirjana Čolović
- Department of Physical Chemistry, "Vinča" Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade , Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Danijela Krstić
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade , Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Begona Oliver-Martos
- Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation Group. Instituto De Investigación Biomédica De Málaga-IBIMA. UGC Neurociencias, Hospital Regional Universitario De Málaga , Malaga, Spain
| | - Eva Martínez-Cáceres
- Immunology Division, LCMN, Germans Trias I Pujol University Hospital and Research Institute, Campus Can Ruti, Badalona, and Department of Cellular Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma De Barcelona , Cerdanyola Del Vallès, Spain
| | - Ivone Jakasa
- Laboratory for Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb , Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Goran Gajski
- Mutagenesis Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health , Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Virginie Brun
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, Inserm, IRIG, BGE , Grenoble, France
| | - Kyriacos Kyriacou
- Department of Electron Microscopy/Molecular Biology, The Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine/The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics , Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Izabela Burzynska-Pedziwiatr
- Medical Faculty, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chair of Medical Biology & Department of Structural Biology, Medical University of Lodz , Łódź, Poland
| | - Lucyna Alicja Wozniak
- Medical Faculty, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chair of Medical Biology & Department of Structural Biology, Medical University of Lodz , Łódź, Poland
| | - Stephan Nierkens
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht & Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology , Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - César Pascual García
- Materials Research and Technology Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST) , Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Jaroslav Katrlik
- Department of Glycobiotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences , Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Zanka Bojic-Trbojevic
- Laboratory for Biology of Reproduction, Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy - INEP, University of Belgrade , Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jan Vacek
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University , Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Alicia Llorente
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital , Oslo, Norway
| | - Felicia Antohe
- Proteomics Department, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "N. Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy , Bucharest, Romania
| | - Viorel Suica
- Proteomics Department, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "N. Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy , Bucharest, Romania
| | - Guillaume Suarez
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne , Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ruben t'Kindt
- Research Institute for Chromatography (RIC) , Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Petra Martin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Midland Regional Hospital Tullamore/St. James's Hospital , Dublin, Ireland
| | - Deborah Penque
- Human Genetics Department, Instituto Nacional De Saúde Dr Ricardo Jorge, Lisboa, Portugal and Centre for Toxicogenomics and Human Health, Universidade Nova De Lisboa , Lisbon,Portugal
| | - Ines Lanca Martins
- Human Genetics Department, Instituto Nacional De Saúde Dr Ricardo Jorge, Lisboa, Portugal and Centre for Toxicogenomics and Human Health, Universidade Nova De Lisboa , Lisbon,Portugal
| | - Ede Bodoki
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Bogdan-Cezar Iacob
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Eda Aydindogan
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Sciences and Engineering, Koç University , Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Suna Timur
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, Ege University , Izmir, Turkey
| | | | | | - Theo Luider
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC , Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Marei Sammar
- Ephraim Katzir Department of Biotechnology Engineering, ORT Braude College , Karmiel, Israel
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Keurentjes AJ, de Witt KD, Jakasa I, Rüther L, Kemperman PMJH, Kezic S, Riethmüller C. Actinic keratosis and surrounding skin exhibit changes in corneocyte surface topography and decreased levels of filaggrin degradation products. Exp Dermatol 2020; 29:462-466. [PMID: 32112584 PMCID: PMC7317372 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Actinic keratosis (AK) is a frequent premalignant skin lesion mainly caused by chronic sun exposure. AK lesions are often surrounded by invisible, subclinical alterations, called field of cancerization (FoC). Definition of FoC is of importance for therapy management; however, the criteria and non-invasive tools to characterize FoC are lacking. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) proved to be a suitable tool for detection of changes in the corneocyte surface topography in inflammatory skin diseases, which share similar clinical features with AK such as hyper- and parakeratosis. Therefore, in this study we applied AFM to investigate AK and surrounding skin obtained by non-invasive collection of the stratum corneum (SC) with adhesive tapes. Furthermore, we determined degradation products of structural protein filaggrin (natural moisturizing factor, NMF), which previously showed association with the changes in corneocyte surface topography. Ten patients with multiple AK on the face were recruited from the outpatient clinic. SC samples were collected from the AK lesion, skin sites adjacent to the AK, 5 cm from the AK and retroauricular area. Corneocyte surface topography was determined by AFM, and NMF by liquid chromatography. The AK lesion showed alterations of the corneocyte surface topography characterized by an increased number of nanosize protrusions, which gradually decreased with the distance from the lesion. NMF levels show an inverse pattern. Atomic force microscopy showed to be a suitable tool to detect changes in the corneocyte surface topography on the AK lesion and surrounding skin in a non-invasive manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne J. Keurentjes
- Coronel Institute of Occupational HealthAmsterdam UMC, location AMCAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Kornelis D. de Witt
- Coronel Institute of Occupational HealthAmsterdam UMC, location AMCAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Ivone Jakasa
- Laboratory for Analytical ChemistryDepartment of Chemistry and BiochemistryFaculty of Food Technology and BiotechnologyUniversity of ZagrebZagrebCroatia
| | | | - Patrick M. J. H. Kemperman
- Department of DermatologyAmsterdam UMC, location AMCAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of Dermatology, Dijklander ZiekenhuisPurmerendThe Netherlands
| | - Sanja Kezic
- Coronel Institute of Occupational HealthAmsterdam UMC, location AMCAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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Reich A, Wilke A, Gediga G, Baurecht H, Rodríguez E, Jakasa I, Geier J, Mempel M, Buhl T, Weidinger S, Kezic S, John SM, Schön MP, Brans R. Health education decreases incidence of hand eczema in metal work apprentices: Results of a controlled intervention study. Contact Dermatitis 2020; 82:350-360. [DOI: 10.1111/cod.13502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Reich
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and AllergologyUniversity Medical Center Göttingen Göttingen Germany
- Lower Saxony Institute of Occupational DermatologyUniversity Medical Center Göttingen Göttingen Germany
- Lower Saxony Institute of Occupational DermatologyUniversity of Osnabrück Osnabrück Germany
| | - Annika Wilke
- Lower Saxony Institute of Occupational DermatologyUniversity Medical Center Göttingen Göttingen Germany
- Lower Saxony Institute of Occupational DermatologyUniversity of Osnabrück Osnabrück Germany
- Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health TheoryUniversity of Osnabrück Osnabrück Germany
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Dermatologic Prevention and Rehabilitation (iDerm), University of Osnabrück Osnabrück Germany
| | - Günther Gediga
- Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health TheoryUniversity of Osnabrück Osnabrück Germany
| | - Hansjörg Baurecht
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology and VenereologyUniversity Hospital Schleswig‐Holstein Kiel Germany
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive MedicineUniversity of Regensburg Regensburg Germany
| | - Elke Rodríguez
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology and VenereologyUniversity Hospital Schleswig‐Holstein Kiel Germany
| | - Ivone Jakasa
- Laboratory for Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Food Technology and BiotechnologyUniversity of Zagreb Zagreb Croatia
| | - Johannes Geier
- Lower Saxony Institute of Occupational DermatologyUniversity Medical Center Göttingen Göttingen Germany
- Lower Saxony Institute of Occupational DermatologyUniversity of Osnabrück Osnabrück Germany
- Information Network of Department of DermatologyGeorg August University Göttingen Germany
| | - Martin Mempel
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and AllergologyUniversity Medical Center Göttingen Göttingen Germany
- Lower Saxony Institute of Occupational DermatologyUniversity Medical Center Göttingen Göttingen Germany
- Lower Saxony Institute of Occupational DermatologyUniversity of Osnabrück Osnabrück Germany
| | - Timo Buhl
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and AllergologyUniversity Medical Center Göttingen Göttingen Germany
- Lower Saxony Institute of Occupational DermatologyUniversity Medical Center Göttingen Göttingen Germany
- Lower Saxony Institute of Occupational DermatologyUniversity of Osnabrück Osnabrück Germany
| | - Stephan Weidinger
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology and VenereologyUniversity Hospital Schleswig‐Holstein Kiel Germany
| | - Sanja Kezic
- Coronel Institute of Occupational HealthAmsterdam University Medical Center Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Swen M. John
- Lower Saxony Institute of Occupational DermatologyUniversity Medical Center Göttingen Göttingen Germany
- Lower Saxony Institute of Occupational DermatologyUniversity of Osnabrück Osnabrück Germany
- Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health TheoryUniversity of Osnabrück Osnabrück Germany
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Dermatologic Prevention and Rehabilitation (iDerm), University of Osnabrück Osnabrück Germany
| | - Michael P. Schön
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and AllergologyUniversity Medical Center Göttingen Göttingen Germany
- Lower Saxony Institute of Occupational DermatologyUniversity Medical Center Göttingen Göttingen Germany
- Lower Saxony Institute of Occupational DermatologyUniversity of Osnabrück Osnabrück Germany
| | - Richard Brans
- Lower Saxony Institute of Occupational DermatologyUniversity Medical Center Göttingen Göttingen Germany
- Lower Saxony Institute of Occupational DermatologyUniversity of Osnabrück Osnabrück Germany
- Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health TheoryUniversity of Osnabrück Osnabrück Germany
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Dermatologic Prevention and Rehabilitation (iDerm), University of Osnabrück Osnabrück Germany
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29
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Thyssen JP, Jakasa I, Riethmüller C, Schön MP, Braun A, Haftek M, Fallon PG, Wróblewski J, Jakubowski H, Eckhart L, Declercq W, Koppes S, Engebretsen KA, Bonefeld C, Irvine AD, Keita-Alassane S, Simon M, Kawasaki H, Kubo A, Amagai M, Matsui T, Kezic S. Filaggrin Expression and Processing Deficiencies Impair Corneocyte Surface Texture and Stiffness in Mice. J Invest Dermatol 2020; 140:615-623.e5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.07.716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Jurakic Toncic R, Kezic S, Jakasa I, Ljubojevic Hadzavdic S, Balic A, Petkovic M, Pavicic B, Zuzul K, Marinovic B. Filaggrin loss-of-function mutations and levels of filaggrin degradation products in adult patients with atopic dermatitis in Croatia. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2020; 34:1789-1794. [PMID: 31989686 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.16232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND FLG loss-of-function mutations (FLG LOF) represent the strongest genetic risk factor for atopic dermatitis (AD) and are associated with early-onset and more severe disease. The prevalence of FLG mutations varies greatly across Europe. At present, there are no data on FLG mutation prevalence in Croatian AD patients. OBJECTIVES To investigate the prevalence of FLG LOF mutations in adult patients with AD and healthy controls. Next to measure the stratum corneum (SC) levels of filaggrin degradation products (NMF), transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and pH in lesional and non-lesional skin. METHODS We recruited 100 AD patients with moderate to severe disease and 50 healthy controls. They were screened for three FLG mutations (R501X, 2282del4 and R2447X). Samples of the SC for NMF analysis were collected by adhesive tapes. TEWL and skin surface pH levels were determined on the lesional and non-lesional skin. RESULTS The combined mutation frequency was 4% in the AD group, and all patients with FLG mutations were homozygous carriers. In the control group, no mutations were found. The most common FLG mutation in AD patients was 2282del4 (3%), followed by R501X (1%). As compared to healthy controls, NMF values were strongly reduced in lesional skin; however, no significant difference was found for non-lesional skin. AD patients had elevated TEWL in both lesional and non-lesional skin. The same pattern was observed for pH. CONCLUSIONS Our study expands understanding of the landscape of FLG mutations in the European population. The low frequency of FLG mutations and similar levels of filaggrin degradation products in healthy controls and in non-lesional skin of AD patients suggest that filaggrin deficiency does not confer a major risk for AD in the Croatian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Jurakic Toncic
- University Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Hospital Center, Zagreb and University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - S Kezic
- Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - I Jakasa
- Laboratory for Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - S Ljubojevic Hadzavdic
- University Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Hospital Center, Zagreb and University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - A Balic
- University Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Hospital Center, Zagreb and University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - M Petkovic
- University Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Hospital Center, Zagreb and University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - B Pavicic
- University Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Hospital Center, Zagreb and University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - K Zuzul
- University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - B Marinovic
- University Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Hospital Center, Zagreb and University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
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31
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Angelova-Fischer I, Soltanipoor M, Stilla T, Fischer TW, Kezic S, Jakasa I. Barrier damaging effects of n-propanol in occlusion-modified tandem repeated irritation test: Modulation by exposure factors and atopic skin disease. Contact Dermatitis 2019; 82:1-9. [PMID: 31373027 DOI: 10.1111/cod.13368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies provide evidence for significant and previously underestimated barrier damaging effects of repeated exposure to 60% n-propanol in healthy skin in vivo. OBJECTIVES To investigate further the cumulative effects of a range of n-propanol concentrations relevant at the workplace in healthy and atopic dermatitis (AD) individuals, and study the modulation of the outcomes by co-exposure and host-related factors. METHODS Healthy adult and AD volunteers were exposed to n-propanol concentrations from 30% to 75% in occlusion-modified tandem repeated irritation test with measurements of erythema, transepidermal water loss, capacitance, and the natural moisturizing factor (NMF) levels at baseline and after 96 hours. RESULTS n-Propanol exerted significant barrier damaging effects even at the lowest concentration in both groups. Exposure to all n-propanol concentrations significantly reduced the NMF levels. Preceding low-grade trauma by occlusion/water exposure reduced the skin irritation threshold in both groups. The differences in the severity of the barrier function impairment after exposure to the same concentrations under the same conditions between the AD and control groups were significant. CONCLUSIONS The negative effects of cumulative exposure to n-propanol in healthy and atopic skin shown in the study suggest the need for critical re-evaluation of its irritant properties in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Angelova-Fischer
- Department of Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, Kepler University Hospital, Linz, Austria
| | - Maryam Soltanipoor
- Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Tasja Stilla
- Department of Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Tobias W Fischer
- Department of Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, Kepler University Hospital, Linz, Austria
| | - Sanja Kezic
- Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ivone Jakasa
- Laboratory for Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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32
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Hulshof L, Hack D, Hasnoe Q, Dontje B, Jakasa I, Riethm€uller C, McLean W, Aalderen W, Land B, Kezic S, Sprikkelman A, Middelkamp‐Hup M. 浅色和深色型皮肤 AD 儿童中的皮肤胶带黏贴. Br J Dermatol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.17561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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33
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McAleer M, Jakasa I, Hurault G, Sarvari P, McLean W, Tanaka R, Kezic S, Irvine A. Stratum corneum and systemic biomarkers in infantile AD. Br J Dermatol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.17554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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34
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McAleer M, Jakasa I, Hurault G, Sarvari P, McLean W, Tanaka R, Kezic S, Irvine A. 婴儿 AD 中的角质层和系统生物标志物. Br J Dermatol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.17570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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35
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Hulshof L, Hack D, Hasnoe Q, Dontje B, Jakasa I, Riethmüller C, McLean W, Aalderen W, van't Land B, Kezic S, Sprikkelman A, Middelkamp‐Hup M. SC tape‐stripping in children with AD with light and dark skin types. Br J Dermatol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.17545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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36
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Dapic I, Jakasa I, Kobetic R, Brkljacic L. Characterization of Ceramides with Phytosphingosine Backbone by Hydrogen-deuterium Exchange Mass Spectrometry. CROAT CHEM ACTA 2019. [DOI: 10.5562/cca3506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Ceramides are a lipid subclass of the sphingolipids that show large structural diversity. Structural characterization of the ceramides (CERs) can lead to better understanding of their role and function in the biological system. Here we investigated representatives of NP (CER III, CER IIIB) and AP ceramide classes (CER VI) that contain phytosphingosine (P) backbone. Ceramides were characterized in positive ionization mode by hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS). Fragmentation in positive ionization mode of the CER III and CER VI resulted in abundant ions assigned to phytosphingosine moiety at m/z 282, 300 and 318. HDX-MS of fragments showed increase in m/z of corresponding ions confirming the exchange of deuterium. In negative ionisation spectra multiple fragment ions were assigned to fatty acyl (RCOO–) moiety. Presence of RCOO– allowed unambiguous identification of CER III and CER IIIB which were distinguished by the presence of double bond on fatty acyl chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Dapic
- International Centre for Cancer Vaccine Science, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland Lidija Brkljacic ; Laboratory for Biomimetic Chemistry, Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivone Jakasa
- Laboratory for Analytical Chemistry, Department for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Renata Kobetic
- Laboratory for Biomolecular Interactions and Spectroscopy, Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lidija Brkljacic
- Laboratory for Biomimetic Chemistry, Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
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37
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Hulshof L, Hack DP, Hasnoe QCJ, Dontje B, Jakasa I, Riethmüller C, McLean WHI, van Aalderen WMC, Van't Land B, Kezic S, Sprikkelman AB, Middelkamp-Hup MA. A minimally invasive tool to study immune response and skin barrier in children with atopic dermatitis. Br J Dermatol 2018; 180:621-630. [PMID: 29989151 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.16994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) affects children of all skin types. Most research has focused on light skin types. Studies investigating biomarkers in people with AD with dark skin types are lacking. OBJECTIVES To explore skin barrier and immune response biomarkers in stratum corneum (SC) tape strips from children with AD with different skin types. METHODS Tape strips were collected from lesional and nonlesional forearm skin of 53 children with AD and 50 controls. We analysed 28 immunomodulatory mediators, and natural moisturizing factors (NMF) and corneocyte morphology. RESULTS Interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-18, C-X-C motif chemokine (CXCL) 8 (CXCL8), C-C motif chemokine ligand (CCL) 22 (CCL22), CCL17, CXCL10 and CCL2 were significantly higher (P < 0·05) in lesional AD skin compared with nonlesional AD skin; the opposite trend was seen for IL-1α. CXCL8, CCL2 and CCL17 showed an association with objective SCORing Atopic Dermatitis score. NMF levels showed a gradual decrease from healthy skin to nonlesional and lesional AD skin. This gradual decreasing pattern was observed in skin type II but not in skin type VI. Skin type VI showed higher NMF levels in both nonlesional and lesional AD skin than skin type II. Corneocyte morphology was significantly different in lesional AD skin compared with nonlesional AD and healthy skin. CONCLUSIONS Minimally invasive tape-stripping is suitable for the determination of many inflammatory mediators and skin barrier biomarkers in children with AD. This study shows differences between children with AD with skin type II and skin type VI in NMF levels, suggesting that some aspects of pathophysiological mechanisms may differ in AD children with light versus dark skin types.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Hulshof
- Emma Children's Hospital Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - D P Hack
- Department of Dermatology, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Q C J Hasnoe
- Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - B Dontje
- Emma Children's Hospital Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - I Jakasa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laboratory for Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - W H I McLean
- Centre for Dermatology and Genetic Medicine, Division of Molecular Medicine, Colleges of Life Sciences and Medicine, Dentistry & Nursing, University of Dundee, Dundee, U.K
| | - W M C van Aalderen
- Emma Children's Hospital Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - B Van't Land
- University Medical Centre Utrecht, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, Department of Paediatric Immunology, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Nutricia Research, Department of Immunology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - S Kezic
- Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - A B Sprikkelman
- University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Beatrix Children's Hospital, Department of Paediatric Pulmonology and Paediatric Allergology, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - M A Middelkamp-Hup
- Department of Dermatology, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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38
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McAleer MA, Jakasa I, Hurault G, Sarvari P, McLean WHI, Tanaka RJ, Kezic S, Irvine AD. Systemic and stratum corneum biomarkers of severity in infant atopic dermatitis include markers of innate and T helper cell-related immunity and angiogenesis. Br J Dermatol 2018; 180:586-596. [PMID: 30132823 PMCID: PMC6446820 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.17088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Background Biomarkers of atopic dermatitis (AD) are largely lacking, especially in infant AD. Those that have been examined to date have focused mostly on serum cytokines, with few on noninvasive biomarkers in the skin. Objectives We aimed to explore biomarkers obtainable from noninvasive sampling of infant skin. We compared these with plasma biomarkers and structural and functional measures of the skin barrier. Methods We recruited 100 infants at first presentation with AD, who were treatment naive to topical or systemic anti‐inflammatory therapies, and 20 healthy children. We sampled clinically unaffected skin by tape stripping the stratum corneum (SC). Multiple cytokines and chemokines and natural moisturizing factor were measured in the SC and plasma. We recorded disease severity and skin barrier function. Results Nineteen SC and 12 plasma biomarkers showed significant differences between healthy and AD skin. Some biomarkers were common to both the SC and plasma, and others were compartment specific. Identified biomarkers of AD severity included T helper 2‐skewed markers [interleukin (IL)‐13, CCL17, CCL22, IL‐5]; markers of innate activation (IL‐18, IL‐1α, IL1β, CXCL8) and angiogenesis (Flt‐1, vascular endothelial growth factor); and others (soluble intercellular adhesion molecule‐1, soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule‐1, IL‐16, IL‐17A). Conclusions We identified clinically relevant biomarkers of AD, including novel markers, easily sampled and typed in infants. These markers may provide objective assessment of disease severity and suggest new therapeutic targets, or response measurement targets for AD. Future studies will be required to determine whether these biomarkers, seen in very early AD, can predict disease outcomes or comorbidities. What's already known about this topic? Atopic dermatitis is a clinically heterogeneous condition with multiple clinical manifestations and a complex pathogenesis. Systemic biomarkers of severity have been identified in adults, but are less well defined in children. Biomarkers from the skin compartment have been based on biopsies to date.
What does this study add? Noninvasive sampling can detect clinically relevant biomarkers in AD skin. These biomarkers may be useful for disease stratification, and provide insights into the pathogenesis of infant AD. Innate immune activation is important in the epidermis in infantile AD.
What is the translational message? Noninvasive biomarkers can yield significant insights into infantile AD. They identify innate activation, the T helper 2 pathway and angiogenesis as important pathways in this condition.
Respond to this article Linked Comment:Hijnen. Br J Dermatol 2019; 180:455–456. Plain language summary available online
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Affiliation(s)
- M A McAleer
- National Children's Research Centre, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Crumlin, Dublin 12, Ireland.,Paediatric Dermatology, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Crumlin, Dublin 12, Ireland
| | - I Jakasa
- Laboratory for Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - G Hurault
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, U.K
| | - P Sarvari
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, U.K
| | - W H I McLean
- Dermatology and Genetic Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, U.K
| | - R J Tanaka
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, U.K
| | - S Kezic
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - A D Irvine
- National Children's Research Centre, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Crumlin, Dublin 12, Ireland.,Paediatric Dermatology, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Crumlin, Dublin 12, Ireland.,Clinical Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Engebretsen K, Kezic S, Jakasa I, Hedengran A, Linneberg A, Skov L, Johansen J, Thyssen J. 异位性皮肤压力源对NMF和皮肤细胞因子的作用. Br J Dermatol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.17067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Engebretsen K, Kezic S, Jakasa I, Hedengran A, Linneberg A, Skov L, Johansen J, Thyssen J. Effect of atopic skin stressors on NMFs and skin cytokines. Br J Dermatol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.17051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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41
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivone Jakasa
- Laboratory for Analytical Chemistry; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology; University of Zagreb; Zagreb Croatia
| | - Jacob P. Thyssen
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy; National Allergy Research Centre; Herlev and Gentofte Hospital; University of Copenhagen; Hellerup Denmark
| | - Sanja Kezic
- Coronel Institute of Occupational Health; Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute; Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
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McAleer MA, Jakasa I, Raj N, O'Donnell CPF, Lane ME, Rawlings AV, Voegeli R, McLean WHI, Kezic S, Irvine AD. Early-life regional and temporal variation in filaggrin-derived natural moisturizing factor, filaggrin-processing enzyme activity, corneocyte phenotypes and plasmin activity: implications for atopic dermatitis. Br J Dermatol 2018; 179:431-441. [PMID: 29691836 PMCID: PMC6175251 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.16691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Filaggrin is central to the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD). The cheeks are a common initiation site of infantile AD. Regional and temporal expression of levels of filaggrin degradation products [natural moisturizing factors (NMFs)], activities of filaggrin‐processing enzymes [bleomycin hydrolase (BH) and calpain‐1 (C‐1)] and plasmin, and corneocyte envelope (CE) maturity in early life are largely unknown. Objectives We conducted a cross‐sectional, observational study investigating regional and age‐dependent variations in NMF levels, activity of proteases and CE maturity in stratum corneum (SC) from infants to determine whether these factors could explain the observed predilection sites for AD in early life. Methods We measured NMF using a tape‐stripping method at seven sites in the SC of 129 children (aged < 12 months to 72 months) and in three sites in 56 neonates and infants (< 48 h to 3 months). In 37 of these neonates and infants, corneocyte size, maturity, BH, C‐1 and plasmin activities were determined. Results NMF levels are low at birth and increase with age. Cheek SC, compared with elbow flexure and nasal tip, has the lowest NMF in the first year of life and is the slowest to reach stable levels. Cheek corneocytes remain immature. Plasmin, BH and C‐1 activities are all elevated by 1 month of age in exposed cheek skin, but not in elbow skin. Conclusions Regional and temporal differences in NMF levels, CE maturity and protease activities may explain the predilection for AD to affect the cheeks initially and are supportive of this site as key for allergen priming in early childhood. These observations will help design early intervention and treatment strategies for AD. What's already known about this topic?Atopic dermatitis (AD) frequently starts in early infancy, and the first eczematous lesions emerge on the cheeks. Filaggrin is a major structural protein in the stratum corneum (SC). Filaggrin deficiency is associated with the development of AD and, in the context of AD, food allergies and asthma. Filaggrin is metabolized into natural moisturizing factors (NMFs), which can be measured in the SC.
What does this study add? Regional differences in NMF levels, corneocyte envelope immaturity and protease activities may help explain why infantile AD most often initially affects the cheeks. Filaggrin processing, corneocyte maturity, and protease activities show regional and temporal differences in infant skin. These findings may explain disease patterns in early‐life AD.
What is the translational message? Cheek skin may be highly relevant for allergen priming. Emollient therapy at the vulnerable cheek site might help to prevent AD and/or food sensitization.
Linked Editorial: https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.16806. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.16959 available online https://goo.gl/Uqv3dl
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Affiliation(s)
- M A McAleer
- National Children's Research Centre, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.,Paediatric Dermatology, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - I Jakasa
- Laboratory for Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - N Raj
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, U.K
| | - C P F O'Donnell
- Department of Neonatology, National Maternity Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - M E Lane
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, U.K
| | - A V Rawlings
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, U.K
| | - R Voegeli
- DSM Nutritional Products Ltd, Wurmisweg 571, Kaiseraugst, Switzerland
| | - W H I McLean
- Dermatology and Genetic Medicine, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, U.K
| | - S Kezic
- Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - A D Irvine
- National Children's Research Centre, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.,Paediatric Dermatology, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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43
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Engebretsen K, Kezic S, Jakasa I, Hedengran A, Linneberg A, Skov L, Johansen J, Thyssen J. Effect of atopic skin stressors on natural moisturizing factors and cytokines in healthy adult epidermis. Br J Dermatol 2018; 179:679-688. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.16487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K.A. Engebretsen
- National Allergy Research Centre; Department of Dermatology and Allergy; Herlev and Gentofte Hospital; University of Copenhagen; Hellerup Denmark
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy; Herlev and Gentofte Hospital; University of Copenhagen; Hellerup Denmark
| | - S. Kezic
- Coronel Institute of Occupational Health; Academic Medical Center; Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute; University of Amsterdam; 1100 DE Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - I. Jakasa
- Laboratory for Analytical Chemistry; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology; University of Zagreb; Zagreb Croatia
| | - A. Hedengran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry; Herlev and Gentofte Hospital; University of Copenhagen; Hellerup Denmark
| | - A. Linneberg
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health; The Capital Region of Denmark; Copenhagen Denmark
- Department of Clinical Experimental Research; Rigshospitalet Glostrup Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - L. Skov
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy; Herlev and Gentofte Hospital; University of Copenhagen; Hellerup Denmark
| | - J.D. Johansen
- National Allergy Research Centre; Department of Dermatology and Allergy; Herlev and Gentofte Hospital; University of Copenhagen; Hellerup Denmark
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy; Herlev and Gentofte Hospital; University of Copenhagen; Hellerup Denmark
| | - J.P. Thyssen
- National Allergy Research Centre; Department of Dermatology and Allergy; Herlev and Gentofte Hospital; University of Copenhagen; Hellerup Denmark
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy; Herlev and Gentofte Hospital; University of Copenhagen; Hellerup Denmark
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44
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Engebretsen K, Kezic S, Riethmüller C, Franz J, Jakasa I, Hedengran A, Linneberg A, Johansen J, Thyssen J. Changes in filaggrin degradation products and corneocyte surface texture by season. Br J Dermatol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.16622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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45
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Engebretsen K, Kezic S, Riethm€uller C, Franz J, Jakasa I, Hedengran A, Linneberg A, Johansen J, Thyssen J. 丝聚合蛋白降解产物和角层细胞表面纹理的季节性变化. Br J Dermatol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.16641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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46
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Engebretsen K, Kezic S, Riethmüller C, Franz J, Jakasa I, Hedengran A, Linneberg A, Johansen J, Thyssen J. Changes in filaggrin degradation products and corneocyte surface texture by season. Br J Dermatol 2018; 178:1143-1150. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.16150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K.A. Engebretsen
- National Allergy Research Centre
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy
| | - S. Kezic
- Coronel Institute of Occupational Health; Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute; Academic Medical Center; University of Amsterdam; 1100 DE Amsterdam the Netherlands
| | - C. Riethmüller
- Serend-ip GmbH; Centre for Nanotechnology, Münster; Heidelberg Germany
| | - J. Franz
- Theoretical Neurophysics; Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization; Göttingen Germany
- nAnostic Institute; Centre for Nanotechnology; Münster Germany
| | - I. Jakasa
- Laboratory for Analytical Chemistry; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology; University of Zagreb; Zagreb Croatia
| | - A. Hedengran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry; Herlev and Gentofte Hospital; University of Copenhagen; Kildegårdsvej 28 DK-2900 Hellerup Denmark
| | - A. Linneberg
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health; Capital Region of Denmark; Copenhagen Denmark
- Department of Clinical Experimental Research; Rigshospitalet; Glostrup Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - J.D. Johansen
- National Allergy Research Centre
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy
| | - J.P. Thyssen
- National Allergy Research Centre
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy
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47
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Dapic I, Kobetic R, Brkljacic L, Kezic S, Jakasa I. Quantification of free fatty acids in human stratum corneum using tandem mass spectrometry and surrogate analyte approach. Biomed Chromatogr 2017; 32. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Irena Dapic
- Laboratory for Analytical Chemistry, Department for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology; University of Zagreb; Zagreb Croatia
| | - Renata Kobetic
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Nucleoside Chemistry, Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; Ruder Boskovic Institute; Zagreb Croatia
| | - Lidija Brkljacic
- Laboratory for Carbohydrate, Peptide and Glycopeptide Research, Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; Ruder Boskovic Institute; Zagreb Croatia
| | - Sanja Kezic
- Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Academic Medical Center; University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam the Netherlands
| | - Ivone Jakasa
- Laboratory for Analytical Chemistry, Department for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology; University of Zagreb; Zagreb Croatia
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48
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Halling-Overgaard AS, Kezic S, Jakasa I, Engebretsen K, Maibach H, Thyssen J. Skin absorption through atopic dermatitis skin: a systematic review. Br J Dermatol 2017; 177:84-106. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.15065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A.-S. Halling-Overgaard
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy; Herlev and Gentofte Hospital; University of Copenhagen; DK-2900 Hellerup Denmark
- National Allergy Research Centre; Herlev and Gentofte Hospital; University of Copenhagen; DK-2900 Hellerup Denmark
| | - S. Kezic
- Coronel Institute of Occupational Health; Academic Medical Centre; Amsterdam the Netherlands
| | - I. Jakasa
- Laboratory for Analytical Chemistry; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology; University of Zagreb; Zagreb Croatia
| | - K.A. Engebretsen
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy; Herlev and Gentofte Hospital; University of Copenhagen; DK-2900 Hellerup Denmark
- National Allergy Research Centre; Herlev and Gentofte Hospital; University of Copenhagen; DK-2900 Hellerup Denmark
| | - H. Maibach
- Department of Dermatology; University of California San Francisco; San Francisco CA U.S.A
| | - J.P. Thyssen
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy; Herlev and Gentofte Hospital; University of Copenhagen; DK-2900 Hellerup Denmark
- National Allergy Research Centre; Herlev and Gentofte Hospital; University of Copenhagen; DK-2900 Hellerup Denmark
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Koppes SA, Engebretsen KA, Agner T, Angelova-Fischer I, Berents T, Brandner J, Brans R, Clausen ML, Hummler E, Jakasa I, Jurakić-Tončic R, John SM, Khnykin D, Molin S, Holm JO, Suomela S, Thierse HJ, Kezic S, Martin SF, Thyssen JP. Current knowledge on biomarkers for contact sensitization and allergic contact dermatitis. Contact Dermatitis 2017; 77:1-16. [DOI: 10.1111/cod.12789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Revised: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sjors A. Koppes
- Department of Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Academic Medical Center; University of Amsterdam; 1105 AZ Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Department of Dermatology-Allergology; VU University Medical Centre; 081 HV Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Kristiane A. Engebretsen
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, National Allergy Research Centre; Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen; 2900 Hellerup Denmark
| | - Tove Agner
- Department of Dermatology; Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen; 2400 Copenhagen Denmark
| | | | - Teresa Berents
- Institute of Clinical Medicine; University of Oslo; 0318 Oslo Norway
- Department of Dermatology; Oslo University Hospital; 0424 Oslo Norway
| | - Johanna Brandner
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology; University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf; 20246 Hamburg Germany
| | - Richard Brans
- Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory; University of Osnabrück; 49076 Osnabrück Germany
| | - Maja-Lisa Clausen
- Department of Dermatology; Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen; 2400 Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Edith Hummler
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology; University of Lausanne; 1011 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Ivone Jakasa
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laboratory for Analytical Chemistry; University of Zagreb; 10000 Zagreb Croatia
| | - Ružica Jurakić-Tončic
- University Department of Dermatovenereology; Clinical Hospital Zagreb and School of Medicine; 10000 Zagreb Croatia
| | - Swen M. John
- Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory; University of Osnabrück; 49076 Osnabrück Germany
| | - Denis Khnykin
- Department of Pathology; Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet; 0424 Oslo Norway
- Centre for Immune Regulation; University of Oslo; 0424 Oslo Norway
| | - Sonja Molin
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology; Ludwig-Maximilians-University; 81377 München Germany
| | - Jan O. Holm
- Institute of Clinical Medicine; University of Oslo; 0318 Oslo Norway
- Department of Dermatology; Oslo University Hospital; 0424 Oslo Norway
| | - Sari Suomela
- Department of Dermatology; Finnish Institute of Occupational Health; 00251 Helsinki Finland
| | - Hermann-Josef Thierse
- Department of Chemicals and Product Safety; German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment; 10589 Berlin Germany
- Laboratory for Immunology & Proteomics, Department of Dermatology and University Medical Centre Mannheim; University of Heidelberg; 68167 Mannheim Germany
| | - Sanja Kezic
- Department of Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Academic Medical Center; University of Amsterdam; 1105 AZ Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Stefan F. Martin
- Department of Dermatology, Allergy Research Group; Medical Centre - University of Freiburg; 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Jacob P. Thyssen
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, National Allergy Research Centre; Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen; 2900 Hellerup Denmark
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50
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Koppes SA, Ljubojević Hadžavdić S, Jakasa I, Franceschi N, Riethmüller C, Jurakić Tončic R, Marinovic B, Raj N, Rawlings AV, Voegeli R, Lane ME, Haftek M, Frings‐Dresen MH, Rustemeyer T, Kezic S. Effect of allergens and irritants on levels of natural moisturizing factor and corneocyte morphology. Contact Dermatitis 2017; 76:287-295. [PMID: 28295421 PMCID: PMC5836858 DOI: 10.1111/cod.12770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Revised: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The irritant sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) is known to cause a decrease in the stratum corneum level of natural moisturizing factor (NMF), which in itself is associated with changes in corneocyte surface topography. OBJECTIVE To explore this phenomenon in allergic contact dermatitis. METHODS Patch testing was performed on patients with previously positive patch test reactions to potassium dichromate (Cr), nickel sulfate (Ni), methylchloroisothiazolinone (MCI)/methylisothiazolinone (MI), or p-phenylenediamine. Moreover, a control (pet.) patch and an irritant (SLS) patch were applied. After 3 days, the stratum corneum from tested sites was collected, and NMF levels and corneocyte morphology, expressed as the amount of circular nanosize objects, quantified according to the Dermal Texture Index (DTI), were determined. RESULTS Among allergens, only MCI/MI reduced NMF levels significantly, as did SLS. Furthermore, only MCI/MI caused remarkable changes at the microscopic level; the corneocytes were hexagonal-shaped with pronounced cell borders and a smoother surface. The DTI was increased after SLS exposure but not after allergen exposure. CONCLUSIONS MCI/MI significantly decreased NMF levels, similarly to SLS. The altered corneocyte morphology suggests that skin barrier damage plays a role in the pathogenesis of MCI/MI contact allergy. The DTI seems to differentiate reactions to SLS from those to the allergens tested, as SLS was the only agent that caused a DTI increase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sjors A. Koppes
- Academic Medical Center, Department: Coronel institute of Occupational HealthAmsterdam Public Health Research Institute1105 AZ AmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of Dermatology‐AllergologyVU University Medical Centre1081 HV AmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Suzana Ljubojević Hadžavdić
- Department of Dermatology and VenereologyUniversity Hospital Centre Zagreb and University of Zagreb School of Medicine10000ZagrebCroatia
| | - Ivone Jakasa
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, Laboratory for Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity of Zagreb10000ZagrebCroatia
| | - Nika Franceschi
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Clinical Hospital Centre ‘Sestre Milosrdnice’10000ZagrebCroatia
| | - Christoph Riethmüller
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Serend‐ip GmbHCentre for Nanotechnology48149MünsterGermany
| | - Ružica Jurakić Tončic
- Department of Dermatology and VenereologyUniversity Hospital Centre Zagreb and University of Zagreb School of Medicine10000ZagrebCroatia
| | - Branka Marinovic
- Department of Dermatology and VenereologyUniversity Hospital Centre Zagreb and University of Zagreb School of Medicine10000ZagrebCroatia
| | - Nidhin Raj
- Skin Research Laboratory, Department of PharmaceuticsUniversity College LondonWC1N 1AXLondonUK
| | - Anthony V. Rawlings
- Skin Research Laboratory, Department of PharmaceuticsUniversity College LondonWC1N 1AXLondonUK
| | | | - Majella E. Lane
- Skin Research Laboratory, Department of PharmaceuticsUniversity College LondonWC1N 1AXLondonUK
| | - Marek Haftek
- Laboratory of Tissue Biology and Therapeutic EngineeringCNRS and University of LyonUMR 5305LyonFrance
| | - Monique H.W. Frings‐Dresen
- Academic Medical Center, Department: Coronel institute of Occupational HealthAmsterdam Public Health Research Institute1105 AZ AmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Thomas Rustemeyer
- Department of Dermatology‐AllergologyVU University Medical Centre1081 HV AmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Sanja Kezic
- Academic Medical Center, Department: Coronel institute of Occupational HealthAmsterdam Public Health Research Institute1105 AZ AmsterdamThe Netherlands
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