1
|
Park S, Shin S, Lee H, Jang JH, Lee GM. Enhancing the production of adeno-associated virus (AAV)2 and AAV9 with high full capsid ratio in HEK293 cells through design-of-experiment optimization of triple plasmid ratio. Biotechnol J 2024; 19:e2300667. [PMID: 38479987 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202300667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
The recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vectors used in gene therapy are usually produced by transfecting three different plasmids (Adenoviral helper plasmid (pHelper), AAV rep/cap plasmids (pRepCap), and Transgene plasmid (pAAV-GOI)) into human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) cells. However, the high proportion of unwanted empty capsids generated during rAAV production is problematic. To simultaneously enhance the genome titer and full capsid ratio, the ratio of the three plasmids transfected into HEK293 cells was optimized using design-of-experiment (DoE). AAV2 and AAV9, which have different production kinetics, were selected as cell-associated and secreted model AAVs, respectively. In 125 mL Erlenmeyer flasks, the genome titers of rAAV2 and rAAV9 at DoE-optimized plasmid weight ratios (pHelper:pRep2Cap2:pAAV-GOI = 1:3.52:0.50 for rAAV2 and pHelper:pRep2Cap9:pAAV-GOI = 1:1.44:0.27 for rAAV9) were 2.23-fold and 2.26-fold higher than those in the widely used plasmid weight ratio (1:1:1), respectively. In addition, compared with the plasmid ratio of 1:1:1, the relative VP3 band intensities of rAAV2 and rAAV9, which represent the relative empty capsid ratios, were reduced by 26% and 25%, respectively, at the DoE-optimized plasmid ratio. Reduced empty capsid ratios in the DoE-optimized plasmid ratios were also confirmed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Taken together, regardless of the AAV serotype, DoE-aided optimization of the triple plasmid ratio was found to be an efficient means of improving the production of rAAV with a high full capsid ratio.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sungje Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghyeon Shin
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Haeshin Lee
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hyung Jang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- R&D Center, GluGene Therapeutics Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyun Min Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Seriramulu VP, Suppiah S, Lee HH, Jang JH, Omar NF, Mohan SN, Ibrahim NSN, Azmi NHM, Buhari I, Ahmad U. Review of MR spectroscopy analysis and artificial intelligence applications for the detection of cerebral inflammation and neurotoxicity in Alzheimer's disease. Med J Malaysia 2024; 79:102-110. [PMID: 38287765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) has an emerging role as a neuroimaging tool for the detection of biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD). To date, MRS has been established as one of the diagnostic tools for various diseases such as breast cancer and fatty liver, as well as brain tumours. However, its utility in neurodegenerative diseases is still in the experimental stages. The potential role of the modality has not been fully explored, as there is diverse information regarding the aberrations in the brain metabolites caused by normal ageing versus neurodegenerative disorders. MATERIALS AND METHODS A literature search was carried out to gather eligible studies from the following widely sourced electronic databases such as Scopus, PubMed and Google Scholar using the combination of the following keywords: AD, MRS, brain metabolites, deep learning (DL), machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI); having the aim of taking the readers through the advancements in the usage of MRS analysis and related AI applications for the detection of AD. RESULTS We elaborate on the MRS data acquisition, processing, analysis, and interpretation techniques. Recommendation is made for MRS parameters that can obtain the best quality spectrum for fingerprinting the brain metabolomics composition in AD. Furthermore, we summarise ML and DL techniques that have been utilised to estimate the uncertainty in the machine-predicted metabolite content, as well as streamline the process of displaying results of metabolites derangement that occurs as part of ageing. CONCLUSION MRS has a role as a non-invasive tool for the detection of brain metabolite biomarkers that indicate brain metabolic health, which can be integral in the management of AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V P Seriramulu
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Radiology, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - S Suppiah
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Radiology, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - H H Lee
- METLiT Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Jang
- METLiT Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - N F Omar
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Radiology, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - S N Mohan
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - N S N Ibrahim
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Radiology, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - N H M Azmi
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Radiology, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - I Buhari
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Radiology, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - U Ahmad
- Bauchi State University, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Anatomy, Molecular Genetics Informatics, Gadau, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Nam YR, Ju HH, Lee J, Lee D, Kim Y, Lee SJ, Kim HK, Jang JH, Lee H. Distinguishing between DNA-Loaded Full and Empty Capsids of Adeno-Associated Virus with Atomic Force Microscopy Imaging. Langmuir 2023; 39:6740-6747. [PMID: 37130261 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c00241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Recently, miraculous therapy approaches involving adeno-associated virus (AAV) for incurable diseases such as spinal muscular atrophy and inherited retinal dysfunction have been introduced. Nonreplicative, nonpathogenic, low rates of chromosome insertional properties and the existence of neutralizing antibodies are main safety reasons why the FDA approved its use in gene delivery. To date, AAV production always results in a mixture of nontherapeutic (empty) and therapeutic (DNA-loaded) full capsids (10-98%). Such existence of empty viral particles inevitably increases viral doses to human. Thus, the rapid monitoring of empty capsids and reducing the empty-to-full ratio are critical in AAV science. However, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is the primary tool for distinguishing between empty and full capsids, which creates a research bottleneck because of instrument accessibility and technical difficulty. Herein, we demonstrate that atomic force microscopy (AFM) can be an alternative tool to TEM. The simple, noncontact-mode imaging of AAV particles allows the distinct height difference between full capsids (∼22 nm) and empty capsids (∼16 nm). The sphere-to-ellipsoidal morphological distortion observed for empty AAV particles clearly distinguishes them from full AAV particles. Our study indicates that AFM imaging can be an extremely useful, quality-control tool in AAV particle monitoring, which is beneficial for the future development of AAV-based gene therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ri Nam
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Helen H Ju
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeehee Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Daiheon Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoojin Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Jin Lee
- R&D Center, GluGene Therapeutics Inc., Seoul 34028, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Kee Kim
- R&D Center, GluGene Therapeutics Inc., Seoul 34028, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hyung Jang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- R&D Center, GluGene Therapeutics Inc., Seoul 34028, Republic of Korea
| | - Haeshin Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- R&D Center, GluGene Therapeutics Inc., Seoul 34028, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Das NC, Kim YP, Hong SM, Jang JH. Effects of Top and Bottom Electrodes Materials and Operating Ambiance on the Characteristics of MgF x Based Bipolar RRAMs. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:1127. [PMID: 36986021 PMCID: PMC10058438 DOI: 10.3390/nano13061127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The effects of electrode materials (top and bottom) and the operating ambiances (open-air and vacuum) on the MgFx-based resistive random-access memory (RRAM) devices are studied. Experiment results show that the device's performance and stability depend on the difference between the top and bottom electrodes' work functions. Devices are robust in both environments if the work function difference between the bottom and top electrodes is greater than or equal to 0.70 eV. The operating environment-independent device performance depends on the surface roughness of the bottom electrode materials. Reducing the bottom electrodes' surface roughness will reduce moisture absorption, minimizing the impact of the operating environment. Ti/MgFx/p+-Si memory devices with the minimum surface roughness of the p+-Si bottom electrode show operating environment-independent electroforming-free stable resistive switching properties. The stable memory devices show promising data retentions of >104 s in both environments with DC endurance properties of more than 100 cycles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nayan C. Das
- Department of Energy Engineering, Korea Institute of Energy Technology, Naju 58330, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Pyo Kim
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Min Hong
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hyung Jang
- Department of Energy Engineering, Korea Institute of Energy Technology, Naju 58330, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Shin SH, Shim JP, Jang H, Jang JH. Fabrication and Characterization of In 0.53Ga 0.47As/InAs/In 0.53Ga 0.47As Composite Channel Metamorphic HEMTs (mHEMTs) on a GaAs Substrate. Micromachines (Basel) 2022; 14:56. [PMID: 36677117 PMCID: PMC9860809 DOI: 10.3390/mi14010056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we successfully demonstrated In0.53Ga0.47As/InAs/In0.53Ga0.47As composite channel metamorphic high electron mobility transistors (mHEMTs) on a GaAs substrate. The fabricated mHEMTs with a 100 nm gate length exhibited excellent DC and logic characteristics such as VT = -0.13 V, gm,max = 949 mS/mm, subthreshold swing (SS) = 84 mV/dec, drain-induced barrier lowering (DIBL) = 89 mV/V, and Ion/Ioff ratio = 9.8 × 103 at a drain-source voltage (VDS) = 0.5 V. In addition, the device exhibited excellent high-frequency characteristics, such as fT/fmax = 261/304 GHz for the measured result and well-matched modeled fT/fmax = 258/309 GHz at VDS = 0.5 V, which is less power consumption compared to other material systems. These high-frequency characteristics are a well-balanced demonstration of fT and fmax in the mHEMT structure on a GaAs substrate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seung Heon Shin
- Department of Semiconductor Process Equipment, Semiconductor Convergence Campus, Korea Polytechnics, 41-12, Songwon-gil, Gongdo-eup, Anseong-si 17550, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Phil Shim
- Device Technology Division, Korea Advanced Nano Fab Center (KANC), 109, Gwanggyo-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si 16229, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunchul Jang
- Device Technology Division, Korea Advanced Nano Fab Center (KANC), 109, Gwanggyo-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si 16229, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hyung Jang
- Department of Energy Engineering, Korea Institute of Energy Technology, 200, Hyeoksin-ro, Naju-si 58330, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Park S, Yeo CI, Heo YS, Ryu JH, Kang HS, Lee DS, Jang JH. Tracking Efficiency Improvement According to Incident Beam Size in QPD-Based PAT System for Common Path-Based Full-Duplex FSO Terminals. Sensors (Basel) 2022; 22:7770. [PMID: 36298119 PMCID: PMC9610918 DOI: 10.3390/s22207770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Free space optical (FSO) communication can support various unmanned aerial vehicles' (UAVs) applications that require large capacity data transmission. In order to perform FSO communication between two terminals, it is essential to employ a pointing, acquisition, and tracking (PAT) system with an efficient and optimal performance. We report on the development of a common optical-path-based FSO communication system, tailored for applications in UAVs. The proposed system is equipped with a quadrant photodiode (QPD)-based PAT system without an additional beacon beam subsystem. The presented approach reduced the structural complexity and improved the tracking efficiency for the same size, weight, and power (SWaP). To achieve a robust FSO link in a dynamic UAV environment, the observability and controllability were obtained based on the linearized control according to the incident beam size on the QPD, which was verified by optical simulation and experiments. As a result, the QPD-based PAT system for implementing FSO links demonstrated an up to 4.25 times faster tracking performance. Moreover, the FSO link experimentally confirmed the 1.25 Gbps full-duplex error-free communication at a 50 m distance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siwoong Park
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Korea
- Honam Research Center, Electronics and Telecommunications of Research Institute, 176-11 Cheomdan, Gwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61012, Korea
| | - Chan Il Yeo
- Honam Research Center, Electronics and Telecommunications of Research Institute, 176-11 Cheomdan, Gwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61012, Korea
| | - Young Soon Heo
- Honam Research Center, Electronics and Telecommunications of Research Institute, 176-11 Cheomdan, Gwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61012, Korea
| | - Ji Hyoung Ryu
- Honam Research Center, Electronics and Telecommunications of Research Institute, 176-11 Cheomdan, Gwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61012, Korea
| | - Hyun Seo Kang
- Honam Research Center, Electronics and Telecommunications of Research Institute, 176-11 Cheomdan, Gwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61012, Korea
| | - Dong-Seon Lee
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Jae-Hyung Jang
- Department of Energy Engineering, KENTECH Institute of Energy Materials and Devices, Korea Institute of Energy Technology, Naju 58330, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Jeong J, Kim SK, Kim J, Geum DM, Kim D, Jo E, Jeong H, Park J, Jang JH, Choi S, Kwon I, Kim S. Heterogeneous and Monolithic 3D Integration of III-V-Based Radio Frequency Devices on Si CMOS Circuits. ACS Nano 2022; 16:9031-9040. [PMID: 35437991 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c00334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Next-generation wireless communication such as sixth-generation (6G) and beyond is expected to require high-frequency, multifunctionality, and power-efficiency systems. A III-V compound semiconductor is a promising technology for high-frequency applications, and a Si complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) is the never-beaten technology for highly integrated digital circuits. To harness the advantages of these two technologies, monolithic integration of III-V and Si electronics is beneficial, so that there have been everlasting efforts to accomplish the monolithic integration. Considering that the on horizon 6G wireless communication requires faster and more energy-efficient system-on-chip technologies, it is imperative to realize a radio frequency (RF) system in which III-V technology and Si CMOS technology are integrated at a device level. Here we report heterogeneous and monolithic three-dimensional (3D) analog/RF-digital mixed-signal integrated circuits that contain two types of InGaAs high-electron-mobility transistors (HEMTs) designed for high fT and fMAX in the top and Si CMOS mixed-signal circuits consisting of an analog-to-digital converter and digital-to-analog converter in the bottom. A high unity current gain cutoff frequency of 448 GHz and unity power gain cutoff frequency of 742 GHz have been achieved by the fT oriented and fMAX oriented InGaAs HEMTs, respectively, without being affected by mixed-signal interference. At the same time, the bottom Si CMOS circuits provide valid signals without any performance degradation by the integration process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaeyong Jeong
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Kwang Kim
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongmin Kim
- Division of Device Technology, Korea Advanced Nano Fab Center (KANC), Suwon 16229, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Myeong Geum
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Duckhyun Kim
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunju Jo
- Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Daejeon 34057, Republic of Korea
| | - Hakcheon Jeong
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Juyeong Park
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hyung Jang
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
- School of Energy Engineering, Korea Institute of Energy Technology (KENTECH), Naju 58330, Republic of Korea
| | - Shinhyun Choi
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Inyong Kwon
- Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Daejeon 34057, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nuclear and Radiation Safety, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghyeon Kim
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Moneke I, Ögütür E, Chatterjee S, Haberecker M, Jang JH, Fähndrich S, Senbaklavaci Ö, Faccioli E, Opitz I, Passlick B, Diederichs S, Jungraithmayr W. CD26-inhibition correlates with the absence of chronic lung allograft dysfunction and decreases fibroblast activity in vitro. Br J Surg 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znac176.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objective
Chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) limits the survival after lung transplantation (Tx). CLAD is characterized by progressive fibrosis of small airways and lung parenchyma. No effective therapy is available that reverses or prevents CLAD. CD26 is a molecule with enzymatic activity also playing a key role in the progression of fibrotic diseases. Here, we analyzed the inhibitory effect of CD26 on fibroblast activity in vitro and the role of CD26-inhibition on allograft rejection in lung transplant patients.
Methods
Profibrogenic mRNA and protein levels were analyzed in vitro on the CD26-expressing fibroblast cell line Wi-38 using RT-qPCR and Western blot. CD26 was inhibited by Vildagliptin. Migration and proliferation activity of activated fibroblasts were analyzed by Incucyte® and Celltiter-Glo®. Characteristics of patients undergoing lung Tx between 2004 and 2021 were reviewed. Lung biopsies were analyzed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) for CD26.
Results
In vitro, the expression of profibrogenic genes (αSMA, FAPα, IGFBP7, Collagen 3 and Fibronectin) was significantly reduced in activated lung fibroblasts by Vildagliptin treatment. Also, migration and proliferation activity were attenuated by Vildagliptin. In 221 patients analyzed, CLAD was absent in 34 patients treated with the CD26-inhibitor Sitagliptin vs. an incidence of 18% in patients without Sitagliptin intake (p=0.02). Five-year survival in patients on Sitagliptin was significantly improved vs. patients without CD26-inhibitor intake (80% vs. 58%, p=0.006). Likewise, the incidence of acute cellular rejection (ACR) was significantly reduced in patients on Sitagliptin (7% vs. 35%, p=0.01). IHC of patient lung biopsies showed expression of CD26 in perifibrotic areas of CLAD lesions. Additional clinical data from University Hospital Zurich and from University Hospital Padua confirmed the finding that Sitagliptin intake correlated with the absence of acute and chronic allograft rejection.
Conclusion
CD26-inhibition attenuates key pro-fibrotic mediators and fibroblast activity in vitro. Impressively, patients on CD26-inhibitor did not show any CLAD. Moreover, ACR was significantly reduced. Gliptins which are in routine clinical use for the treatment of type II diabetes therefore seem to have great potential to be repurposed for a novel clinical application against lung allograft rejection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Moneke
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Freiburg , Freiburg, Germany
| | - E Ögütür
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Freiburg , Freiburg, Germany
| | - S Chatterjee
- Institute for Environmental Medicine, Perelmann School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, USA
| | - M Haberecker
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Zurich , Zurich, Switzerland
| | - J H Jang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Zurich , Zurich, Switzerland
| | - S Fähndrich
- Department of Pneumology, University Medical Center Freiburg , Freiburg, Switzerland
| | - Ö Senbaklavaci
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Freiburg , Freiburg, Germany
| | - E Faccioli
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital of Padua , Padua, Italy
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Zurich , Zurich, Switzerland
| | - I Opitz
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Zurich , Zurich, Switzerland
| | - B Passlick
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Freiburg , Freiburg, Germany
| | - S Diederichs
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Freiburg , Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center RNA Biology & Cancer, , Heidelberg, Germany
| | - W Jungraithmayr
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Freiburg , Freiburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Das NC, Kim M, Rani JR, Hong SM, Jang JH. Low-temperature characteristics of magnesium fluoride based bipolar RRAM devices. Nanoscale 2022; 14:3738-3747. [PMID: 35187553 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr05887h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the temperature-independent switching characteristics of magnesium fluoride (MgFx) based bipolar resistive memory devices at temperatures ranging from 300 K down to 77 K. Filament type resistive switching at the interface of Ti/MgFx and the trap-controlled space charge limited conduction (SCLC) mechanism in the bulk MgFx layer are confirmed. The experimental results indicate that the operating environment and temperature critically control the resistive switching performance by varying the non-stoichiometry of the amorphous MgFx active layer and Ti/MgFx interface region. The gaseous atmosphere (open air or vacuum) affects device performances such as the electroforming process, on-state current, off-state current, on/off ratio, SET/RESET voltage and endurance of resistive-switching memory devices. After electroforming, the device performance is independent of temperature variation. The Ti/MgFx/Pt memory devices show promising data retention for >104 s in a vacuum at room temperature and 77 K with the DC endurance property for more than 150 cycles at 77 K. The devices have great potential for future temperature-independent electronic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nayan C Das
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, South Korea
| | - Minjae Kim
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, South Korea
| | - Jarnardhanan R Rani
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, South Korea
| | - Sung-Min Hong
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, South Korea
| | - Jae-Hyung Jang
- School of Energy Engineering, Korea Institute of Energy Technology, Naju 58330, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kim SH, Hwang K, Lee HA, Kim J, Cho M, Kim M, Shin JE, Lee H, Park KI, Jang JH. Pastable, Adhesive, Injectable, Nanofibrous, and Tunable (PAINT) Biphasic Hybrid Matrices as Versatile Therapeutic Carriers. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:42429-42441. [PMID: 34472351 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c10818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A critical challenge in many pharmaceutical fields is developing versatile adjuvant devices that can reduce the off-target delivery of therapeutic materials to target lesions. Herein, a biphasic hybrid fibrous system that can manipulate the spatial and temporal delivery of various therapeutic agents to target lesions by integrating multiple distinct systems and technologies such as fluffy coaxial electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL)/polystyrene (PS) fibers, cyclohexane-mediated leaching to remove PS layers selectively, amine display on PCL fibers, conjugation of naturally occurring adhesive gallol molecules onto hyaluronic acid (HA-g), and electrostatically complexing the aminated PCL fibers with the gallol-conjugated HA. In the context of "paintable" systems on target lesions, the resulting system is called a PAINT matrix (abbreviated according to the initial letter of its features: pastable, adhesive, injectable, nanofibrous, and tunable). Its viscoelastic property, which was attributed by coalescing aminated PCL fibers with viscous HA-g, enabled it to be noninvasively injected and fit into any cavity in the body with various morphologies, manually pasted on tissue surfaces, and adhered onto moisture-rich surfaces to ensure the secure delivery of therapeutics toward the target lesions. The PAINT matrix efficiently supplied immunomodulatory human neural stem cells (hNSCs) at rat hemisectioned spinal cord injury (SCI) sites and promoted both locomotive and sensory recovery in SCI models, presumably by protecting hNSCs against host immunosurveillance. The PAINT matrix will be broadly utilized for efficiently delivering therapeutics to difficult-to-reach target lesions by direct infusion or conventional biomaterial-mediated approaches due to their locations, wet surfaces, or complicated ambient environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Hyun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Kyujin Hwang
- Yonsei Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Haesung A Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Joowon Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Mira Cho
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Miri Kim
- Yonsei Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Eun Shin
- Yonsei Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Haeshin Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kook In Park
- Yonsei Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hyung Jang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
O'Sullivan MJ, Jang JH, Panariti A, Bedrat A, Ijpma G, Lemos B, Park JA, Lauzon AM, Martin JG. Airway Epithelial Cells Drive Airway Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotype Switching to the Proliferative and Pro-inflammatory Phenotype. Front Physiol 2021; 12:687654. [PMID: 34295265 PMCID: PMC8290262 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.687654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The increased mass of airway smooth muscle (ASM) in the airways of asthmatic patients may contribute to the pathology of this disease by increasing the capacity for airway narrowing. Evidence for the airway epithelium as a participant in ASM remodeling is accruing. To investigate mechanisms by which airway epithelial cells induce ASM cell (ASMC) proliferation, we have employed a co-culture model to explore markers of ASMC proliferative phenotype. Co-culture with epithelial cells led to incorporation of bromodeoxyuridine into ASMCs, indicating augmented proliferation and an associated increase in mRNA of the pro-proliferative co-transcription factor Elk1. Although the mitogen heparin-binding epidermal growth factor (HB-EGF) was augmented in the co-culture supernatant, the ASMC epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), an effector of HB-EGF induced proliferation, did not mediate epithelial-induced proliferation. The co-culture increased the expression of ASMC mRNA for the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8 as well as the pro-proliferative microRNA miR-210. The transcriptional repressor Max-binding protein (Mnt), a putative target of miR-210, was transcriptionally repressed in co-cultured ASMCs. Together, these data indicate that the airway epithelium-induced proliferative phenotype of ASMCs is not driven by EGFR signaling, but rather may be dependent on miR210 targeting of tumor suppressor Mnt.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M J O'Sullivan
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - J H Jang
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - A Panariti
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - A Bedrat
- T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - G Ijpma
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - B Lemos
- T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - J A Park
- T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - A M Lauzon
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - J G Martin
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kim Y, Oh S, Lee H, Lee D, Kim M, Baek HS, Park WS, Kim E, Jang JH. Chitosan-Alginate-Pectin-coated Suspended-Liquid-Encapsulating (CAPSuLE) marbles for therapeutic agent storage and delivery. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:1639-1651. [PMID: 33432951 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm01504k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Developing a cutting-edge system capable of ensuring long-lasting functionality of therapeutic agents and implementing diverse delivery modes is challenging. A quasi-spherical triple-layered capsule containing suspended liquid droplets and allowing multi-modal delivery of therapeutic agents in the aqueous phase was developed, primarily by adopting the core principles for creating liquid marbles. A naturally derived wettable polysaccharide-pectin-was utilized as a liquid-air interfacial barrier to keep the liquid droplets in the core zone. To tailor the pectin-coated droplet as a therapeutic agent carrier, anionic alginate and cationic chitosan layers were sequentially formed via additional interactions: physically stacking substances with structural chirality (pectin-alginate) and inducing electrostatic association to create the reversible complex coacervates (alginate-chitosan). The resulting system, which is called a Chitosan-Alginate-Pectin-coated Suspended-Liquid-Encapsulating (CAPSuLE) marble, had sufficient mechanical strength to resist external harsh environments and exhibited unique features: ecofriendly sustainability, responsiveness to external stimuli, coacervate-driven coalescence for linking adjacent marbles, and a self-repairing ability. The proposed CAPSuLE system can facilitate the adoption of the liquid-marble concept to biomedical fields, extending its applicability in the fields of biology and applied engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoojin Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea.
| | - Seokmin Oh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea.
| | - Heehyung Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea.
| | - Dongsoo Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea.
| | - Mihyun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea.
| | - Heung Soo Baek
- Amorepacific Research and Development Center, Yongin, 17074, Korea.
| | - Won Seok Park
- Amorepacific Research and Development Center, Yongin, 17074, Korea.
| | - Eunmi Kim
- Amorepacific Research and Development Center, Yongin, 17074, Korea.
| | - Jae-Hyung Jang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kim CY, Ku MJ, Qazi R, Nam HJ, Park JW, Nam KS, Oh S, Kang I, Jang JH, Kim WY, Kim JH, Jeong JW. Soft subdermal implant capable of wireless battery charging and programmable controls for applications in optogenetics. Nat Commun 2021; 12:535. [PMID: 33483493 PMCID: PMC7822865 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20803-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Optogenetics is a powerful technique that allows target-specific spatiotemporal manipulation of neuronal activity for dissection of neural circuits and therapeutic interventions. Recent advances in wireless optogenetics technologies have enabled investigation of brain circuits in more natural conditions by releasing animals from tethered optical fibers. However, current wireless implants, which are largely based on battery-powered or battery-free designs, still limit the full potential of in vivo optogenetics in freely moving animals by requiring intermittent battery replacement or a special, bulky wireless power transfer system for continuous device operation, respectively. To address these limitations, here we present a wirelessly rechargeable, fully implantable, soft optoelectronic system that can be remotely and selectively controlled using a smartphone. Combining advantageous features of both battery-powered and battery-free designs, this device system enables seamless full implantation into animals, reliable ubiquitous operation, and intervention-free wireless charging, all of which are desired for chronic in vivo optogenetics. Successful demonstration of the unique capabilities of this device in freely behaving rats forecasts its broad and practical utilities in various neuroscience research and clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Choong Yeon Kim
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jeong Ku
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Raza Qazi
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Electrical, Computer, and Energy Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Hong Jae Nam
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Woo Park
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kum Seok Nam
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Shane Oh
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Inho Kang
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hyung Jang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wha Young Kim
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Hoon Kim
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae-Woong Jeong
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Son JW, Choi SH, Jang JH, Koh JT, Oh WM, Hwang YC, Lee BN. Irisin promotes odontogenic differentiation and angiogenic potential in human dental pulp cells. Int Endod J 2020; 54:399-412. [PMID: 33089893 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIM To determine whether irisin, a newly discovered myokine that links exercise-induced and metabolic homeostasis, is able to promote odontogenic differentiation and angiogenesis in human dental pulp cells (HDPCs). METHODOLOGY Cell viability in the presence of irisin was measured. Real-time PCR and Western blot analysis were performed to evaluate the expression levels of irisin, odontogenic and angiogenic markers. The involvement of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and the protein kinase B (Akt) signalling pathway was evaluated by Western blot. To evaluate mineralization nodule formation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and alizarin red S staining were performed. Scratch wound assays were performed to evaluate the effects of irisin on cell migration. The data were analysed using one-way analysis of variance (anova) followed by Tukey post hoc test and Student's t-test. Statistical significance was considered at P < 0.05. RESULTS Irisin significantly promoted odontogenic differentiation as evidenced by formation of mineralized nodules, induction of ALP activity and upregulation of odontogenic and angiogenic markers (P < 0.05). Scratch wound assays revealed that irisin significantly increased migration of HDPCs (P < 0.05). Phosphorylation of both MAPK and Akt was increased by irisin. MAPK and Akt inhibitors inhibited mineralization, cell migration and the increased expression of odontogenic and angiogenic markers. CONCLUSIONS Irisin promoted odontogenic differentiation and mineralization and has the potential for angiogenesis through activation of the MAPK and Akt signalling pathways in HDPCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J W Son
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - S H Choi
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - J H Jang
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - J T Koh
- Department of Pharmacology and Dental Therapeutics, Hard-tissue Biointerface Research Center, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - W M Oh
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Y C Hwang
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - B N Lee
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Rani JR, Thangavel R, Kim M, Lee YS, Jang JH. Ultra-High Energy Density Hybrid Supercapacitors Using MnO 2/Reduced Graphene Oxide Hybrid Nanoscrolls. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2020; 10:E2049. [PMID: 33081310 PMCID: PMC7603058 DOI: 10.3390/nano10102049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Manganese oxide (MnO2) is a promising material for supercapacitor applications, with a theoretical ultra-high energy density of 308 Wh/kg. However, such ultra-high energy density has not been achieved experimentally in MnO2-based supercapacitors because of several practical issues, such as low electrical conductivity of MnO2, incomplete utilization of MnO2, and dissolution of MnO2. The present study investigates the potential of MnO2/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) hybrid nanoscroll (GMS) structures as electrode material for overcoming the difficulties and for developing ultra-high-energy storage systems. A hybrid supercapacitor, comprising MnO2/rGO nanoscrolls as anode material and activated carbon (AC) as a cathode, is fabricated. The GMS/AC hybrid supercapacitor exhibited enhanced energy density, superior rate performance, and promising Li storage capability that bridged the energy-density gap between conventional Li-ion batteries (LIBs) and supercapacitors. The fabricated GMS/AC hybrid supercapacitor demonstrates an ultra-high lithium discharge capacity of 2040 mAh/g. The GMS/AC cell delivered a maximum energy density of 105.3 Wh/kg and a corresponding power density of 308.1 W/kg. It also delivered an energy density of 42.77 Wh/kg at a power density as high as 30,800 W/kg. Our GMS/AC cell's energy density values are very high compared with those of other reported values of graphene-based hybrid structures. The GMS structures offer significant potential as an electrode material for energy-storage systems and can also enhance the performance of the other electrode materials for LIBs and hybrid supercapacitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janardhanan. R. Rani
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea; (J.R.R.); (M.K.)
| | - Ranjith Thangavel
- Faculty of Applied Chemical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (R.T.); (Y.S.L.)
| | - Minjae Kim
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea; (J.R.R.); (M.K.)
| | - Yun Sung Lee
- Faculty of Applied Chemical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (R.T.); (Y.S.L.)
| | - Jae-Hyung Jang
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea; (J.R.R.); (M.K.)
- Research Institute for Solar and Sustainable Energies, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Jeong HJ, Kim YC, Kim ST, Choi MH, Song YH, Yun JH, Park MS, Jang JH. Cu(In,Ga)Se 2 Solar Cells Integrated with Subwavelength Structured Cover Glass Fabricated by One-Step Self-Masked Etching. Micromachines (Basel) 2020; 11:mi11090877. [PMID: 32967186 PMCID: PMC7570425 DOI: 10.3390/mi11090877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We report an anti-reflective cover glass for Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) thin film solar cells. Subwavelength structures (SWSs) were fabricated on top of a cover glass using one-step self-masked etching. The etching method resulted in dense whiskers with high aspect ratio. The produced structure exhibited excellent anti-reflective properties over a broad wavelength range, from the ultraviolet to the near infrared. Compared to a flat-surface glass, the average transmittance of the glass integrated with the SWSs improved from 92.4% to 95.2%. When the cover glass integrated with the SWSs was mounted onto the top of a CIGS device, the short-circuit current and the efficiency of the solar cell were enhanced by 4.38 and 6%, respectively, compared with a CIGS solar cell without cover glass.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ho-Jung Jeong
- Photoconversion Material Research Center, Korea Photonics Technology Institute, Gwangju 61007, Korea; (H.-J.J.); (Y.-H.S.)
| | - Ye-Chan Kim
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea; (Y.-C.K.); (S.-T.K.); (M.-H.C.)
| | - Sung-Tae Kim
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea; (Y.-C.K.); (S.-T.K.); (M.-H.C.)
| | - Min-Ho Choi
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea; (Y.-C.K.); (S.-T.K.); (M.-H.C.)
| | - Young-Hyun Song
- Photoconversion Material Research Center, Korea Photonics Technology Institute, Gwangju 61007, Korea; (H.-J.J.); (Y.-H.S.)
| | - Ju-Hyung Yun
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Incheon National University, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 22012, Korea;
| | - Min-Su Park
- Department of Electronics Engineering, Dong-A University, Saha-gu, Busan 49315, Korea
- Correspondence: (M.-S.P.); (J.-H.J.); Tel.: +82-62-715-2209 (J.-H.J.)
| | - Jae-Hyung Jang
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea; (Y.-C.K.); (S.-T.K.); (M.-H.C.)
- Correspondence: (M.-S.P.); (J.-H.J.); Tel.: +82-62-715-2209 (J.-H.J.)
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Yoo S, Kang B, Oh S, Kim Y, Jang JH. A Versatile Adeno-Associated Viral Vector Cross-Linking Platform Capable of Tuning Cellular Tropisms and Simultaneously Inducing Solid-Phase Gene Delivery. ACS Appl Bio Mater 2020; 3:4847-4857. [PMID: 35021729 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Developing gene carriers with improved affinities for target cells and the simultaneous diversification of their delivery modes will be pivotal for upgrading gene therapy technologies. In this study, a simple and versatile adeno-associated virus (AAV) conjugation platform using the cross-linker 3,3'-dithiobis(sulfosuccinimidyl propionate) (DTSSP) is proposed. Depending on the quantity of the DTSSP molecules, the AAV-DTSSP complexes could either be linked with the relevant biomolecules for altering cellular tropisms or further form a self-assembled AAV-DTSSP pellet capable of mimicking a polymeric gene delivery system. At lower quantities of DTSSP, the AAV-DTSSP complexes were conjugated with aminated l-fucose molecules, whose levels are typically upregulated in pancreatic cancer cells, resulting in enhanced gene delivery efficiencies in pancreatic cancer cells. At higher concentrations of DTSSP, visible solid forms of the AAV-DTSSP pellets were formed, and the AAV pellets demonstrated the capability to induce a localized, sustained gene expression pattern comparable to that of conventional biomaterial-based approaches. Thus, a multipurpose AAV cross-linking platform, which can enable AAV vector systems that are capable of altering cellular tropisms and simultaneously inducing solid-phase delivery, will provide crucial insights into vector design for further upgrading of gene delivery technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seungju Yoo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Byunguk Kang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea.,Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005-1892, United States
| | - Seokmin Oh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Yunha Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Jae-Hyung Jang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kim YC, Jeong HJ, Kim ST, Song YH, Kim BY, Kim JP, Kang BK, Yun JH, Jang JH. Luminescent down-shifting CsPbBr 3 perovskite nanocrystals for flexible Cu(In,Ga)Se 2 solar cells. Nanoscale 2020; 12:558-562. [PMID: 31777889 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr06041c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
To overcome the parasitic absorption of ultraviolet (UV) light in the transparent conductive oxide (TCO) layer of flexible Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) thin film solar cells, a CsPbBr3 perovskite nanocrystal based luminescent down-shifting (LDS) layer was integrated on CIGS solar cells fabricated on a stainless steel foil. The CsPbBr3 perovskite nanocrystal absorbs solar irradiation at wavelengths shorter than 520 nm and emits photons at a wavelength of 532 nm. These down-shifted photons pass the TCO layer without parasitic absorption and are absorbed in the CIGS absorber layer where they generate photocurrent. By minimizing the parasitic absorption in the TCO layer, the external quantum efficiency (EQE) of the CIGS solar cell with the CsPbBr3 perovskite nanocrystal layer is highly improved in the UV wavelength range between 300 and 390 nm. Additionally, in the wavelength range between 500 and 1100 nm, the EQE is improved since the surface reflectance of the CIGS device with the CsPbBr3 perovskite LDS layer was reduced. This is because the CsPbBr3 perovskite nanocrystal layer, which has an effective refractive index of 1.82 at a wavelength of 800 nm, reduces the large refractive index mismatch between air (nair = 1.00) and the TCO layer (nZnO = 1.96 at a wavelength of 800 nm). Both the short circuit current density and power conversion efficiency of the flexible CIGS solar cell integrated with the CsPbBr3 perovskite are improved by 4.5% compared with the conventional CIGS solar cell without the CsPbBr3 perovskite LDS layer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ye-Chan Kim
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Hwang K, Jung K, Kim IS, Kim M, Han J, Lim J, Shin JE, Jang JH, Park KI. Glial Cell Line-derived Neurotrophic Factor-overexpressing Human Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells Enhance Therapeutic Efficiency in Rat with Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury. Exp Neurobiol 2019; 28:679-696. [PMID: 31902156 PMCID: PMC6946112 DOI: 10.5607/en.2019.28.6.679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) causes axonal damage and demyelination, neural cell death, and comprehensive tissue loss, resulting in devastating neurological dysfunction. Neural stem/progenitor cell (NSPCs) transplantation provides therapeutic benefits for neural repair in SCI, and glial cell linederived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) has been uncovered to have capability of stimulating axonal regeneration and remyelination after SCI. In this study, to evaluate whether GDNF would augment therapeutic effects of NSPCs for SCI, GDNF-encoding or mock adenoviral vector-transduced human NSPCs (GDNF-or Mock-hNSPCs) were transplanted into the injured thoracic spinal cords of rats at 7 days after SCI. Grafted GDNFhNSPCs showed robust engraftment, long-term survival, an extensive distribution, and increased differentiation into neurons and oligodendroglial cells. Compared with Mock-hNSPC- and vehicle-injected groups, transplantation of GDNF-hNSPCs significantly reduced lesion volume and glial scar formation, promoted neurite outgrowth, axonal regeneration and myelination, increased Schwann cell migration that contributed to the myelin repair, and improved locomotor recovery. In addition, tract tracing demonstrated that transplantation of GDNF-hNSPCs reduced significantly axonal dieback of the dorsal corticospinal tract (dCST), and increased the levels of dCST collaterals, propriospinal neurons (PSNs), and contacts between dCST collaterals and PSNs in the cervical enlargement over that of the controls. Finally grafted GDNF-hNSPCs substantially reversed the increased expression of voltage-gated sodium channels and neuropeptide Y, and elevated expression of GABA in the injured spinal cord, which are involved in the attenuation of neuropathic pain after SCI. These findings suggest that implantation of GDNF-hNSPCs enhances therapeutic efficiency of hNSPCs-based cell therapy for SCI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyujin Hwang
- Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea.,Yonsei Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Kwangsoo Jung
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Il-Sun Kim
- Yonsei Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Miri Kim
- Yonsei Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Jungho Han
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Joohee Lim
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Jeong Eun Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Jae-Hyung Jang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Kook In Park
- Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea.,Yonsei Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea.,Department of Pediatrics, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Kim SH, Lee S, Lee H, Cho M, Schaffer DV, Jang JH. AAVR-Displaying Interfaces: Serotype-Independent Adeno-Associated Virus Capture and Local Delivery Systems. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids 2019; 18:432-443. [PMID: 31670142 PMCID: PMC6831863 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2019.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Interfacing gene delivery vehicles with biomaterials has the potential to play a key role in diversifying gene transfer capabilities, including localized, patterned, and controlled delivery. However, strategies for modifying biomaterials to interact with delivery vectors must be redesigned whenever new delivery vehicles and applications are explored. We have developed a vector-independent biomaterial platform capable of interacting with various adeno-associated viral (AAV) serotypes. A water-soluble, cysteine-tagged, recombinant protein version of the recently discovered multi-AAV serotype receptor (AAVR), referred to as cys-AAVR, was conjugated to maleimide-displaying polycaprolactone (PCL) materials using click chemistry. The resulting cys-AAVR-PCL system bound to a broad range of therapeutically relevant AAV serotypes, thereby providing a platform capable of modulating the delivery of all AAV serotypes. Intramuscular injection of cys-AAVR-PCL microspheres with bound AAV vectors resulted in localized and sustained gene delivery as well as reduced spread to off-target organs compared to a vector solution. This cys-AAVR-PCL system is thus an effective approach for biomaterial-based AAV gene delivery for a broad range of therapeutic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Hyun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Slgirim Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea; Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Heehyung Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Mira Cho
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - David V Schaffer
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3220, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3220, USA; Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3220, USA.
| | - Jae-Hyung Jang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Kim YJ, Yoo YJ, Yoo DE, Lee DW, Kim MS, Jang HJ, Kim YC, Jang JH, Kang IS, Song YM. Enhanced Light Harvesting in Photovoltaic Devices Using an Edge-Located One-Dimensional Grating Polydimethylsiloxane Membrane. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:36020-36026. [PMID: 31490649 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b09377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In streamlined multipurpose applications for light management and protection, encapsulants are merged with photonic crystal structures into solar modules. We present an edge-located 1D grating, attachable polymer on the top of a photovoltaic module to provide a strategy for capturing solar light and improving cell efficiency. Large-area solar arrays suffer from space utilization problems due to nonactive area. The introduction of periodically patterned gratings with specific geometric range is highly preferred to redirect the light toward photovoltaic active areas. To realize optimized broadband light diffraction for solar devices, the theoretical analysis of one-dimensional line patterned diffraction gratings was performed through wave-optic-based simulation. Based on the experimental results, the replica molding-based patterning method was adopted to fabricate the grating polymer for low-cost thin-film production. Also, we demonstrated enhanced light collection by grating patterned encapsulants with improved current density in comparison to the performance of a flat surface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yeong Jae Kim
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science , Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology , 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005 , Republic of Korea
| | - Young Jin Yoo
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science , Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology , 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005 , Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Eun Yoo
- National Nanofab Center , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology , 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141 , Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Wook Lee
- National Nanofab Center , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology , 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141 , Republic of Korea
| | - Min Seok Kim
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science , Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology , 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005 , Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuk Jae Jang
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science , Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology , 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005 , Republic of Korea
| | - Ye-Chan Kim
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science , Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology , 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005 , Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hyung Jang
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science , Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology , 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005 , Republic of Korea
| | - Il Suk Kang
- National Nanofab Center , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology , 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141 , Republic of Korea
| | - Young Min Song
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science , Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology , 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005 , Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
|
23
|
Oh S, Jang JH, Kim HJ, Seo NS, Byun SH, Kim SW, Kim DS. Long-term Follow-up of Complicated Crown Fracture With Fragment Reattachment: Two Case Reports. Oper Dent 2019; 44:574-580. [PMID: 30702408 DOI: 10.2341/18-201-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Two cases of complicated crown fracture of the maxillary incisors were restored using the fragment reattachment technique. Root canal treatment was performed, and the fractured fragment was bonded to the tooth structure using a dentin adhesive system and a flowable composite resin, followed by the insertion of a fiber post using dual-cured resin cement. Reattached fragments have shown reliable prognosis without inflammatory signs around bonded junctions after long-term follow-up.
Collapse
|
24
|
Rani JR, Thangavel R, Oh SI, Lee YS, Jang JH. An Ultra-High-Energy Density Supercapacitor; Fabrication Based on Thiol-functionalized Graphene Oxide Scrolls. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2019; 9:nano9020148. [PMID: 30682829 PMCID: PMC6409971 DOI: 10.3390/nano9020148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Present state-of-the-art graphene-based electrodes for supercapacitors remain far from commercial requirements in terms of high energy density. The realization of high energy supercapacitor electrodes remains challenging, because graphene-based electrode materials are synthesized by the chemical modification of graphene. The modified graphene electrodes have lower electrical conductivity than ideal graphene, and limited electrochemically active surface areas due to restacking, which hinders the access of electrolyte ions, resulting in a low energy density. In order to solve the issue of restacking and low electrical conductivity, we introduce thiol-functionalized, nitrogen-doped, reduced graphene oxide scrolls as the electrode materials for an electric double-layer supercapacitor. The fabricated supercapacitor exhibits a very high energy/power density of 206 Wh/kg (59.74 Wh/L)/496 W/kg at a current density of 0.25 A/g, and a high power/energy density of 32 kW/kg (9.8 kW/L)/9.58 Wh/kg at a current density of 50 A/g; it also operates in a voltage range of 0~4 V with excellent cyclic stability of more than 20,000 cycles. By suitably combining the scroll-based electrode and electrolyte material, this study presents a strategy for electrode design for next-generation energy storage devices with high energy density without compromising the power density.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janardhanan R Rani
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea.
| | - Ranjith Thangavel
- Faculty of Applied Chemical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea.
| | - Se-I Oh
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea.
| | - Yun Sung Lee
- Faculty of Applied Chemical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea.
| | - Jae-Hyung Jang
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea.
- Research Institute for Solar and Sustainable Energies, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Jang JH, Wu YN, Kim SJ, Zhang YH. P927Neuronal nitric oxide synthase-beta in the myofilament and maintains sarcomere structure in cardiomyocyte. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy564.p927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J H Jang
- Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - Y N Wu
- Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - S J Kim
- Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - Y H Zhang
- Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Nouman MT, Hwang JH, Faiyaz M, Lee KJ, Noh DY, Jang JH. Vanadium dioxide based frequency tunable metasurface filters for realizing reconfigurable terahertz optical phase and polarization control. Opt Express 2018; 26:12922-12929. [PMID: 29801325 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.012922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Metasurfaces are two dimensional arrays of artificial subwavelength resonators, which can manipulate the amplitude and phase profile of incident electromagnetic fields. To date, limited progress has been achieved in realizing reconfigurable phase control of incident waves using metasurfaces. Here, an active metasurface is presented, whose resonance frequency can be tuned by employing insulator to metal transition in vanadium dioxide. By virtue of the phase jump accompanied by the resonance frequency tuning, the proposed metasurface acts as a phase shifter at THz frequency. It is further demonstrated that by appropriately tailoring the anisotropy of the metasurface, the observed phase shift can be used to switch the transmitted polarization from circular to approximately linear. This work thus shows potential for reconfigurable phase and polarization control at THz frequencies using vanadium dioxide based frequency tunable metasurfaces.
Collapse
|
27
|
Im BG, Do M, Kim Y, Cho M, Jang JH. BiFACIAL ( Biomimetic Freestanding Anisotropic Catechol- Interfaces with Asymmetrically Layered) Films as Versatile Extracellular Matrix Substitutes. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2018; 10:7602-7613. [PMID: 28910078 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b10023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Biological naïve extracellular matrices (ECMs) exhibit anisotropic functions in their physical, chemical, and morphological properties. Representative examples include anisotropic skin layers or blood vessels simultaneously facing multiphasic environments. Here, anisotropically multifunctional structures called BiFACIAL ( biomimetic freestanding anisotropic catechol- interfaces with asymmetrically layered) films were developed simply by contacting two polysaccharide solutions of heparin-catechol (Hep-C) and chitosan-catechol (Chi-C). Such anisotropic characters were due to controlling catechol cross-linking by alkaline pH, resulting in a trimodular structure: a rigid yet porous Hep-C exterior, nonporous interfacial zone, and soft/highly porous Chi-C interior. The anisotropic features of each layer, including the porosity, rigidity, rheology, composition, and ionic strength, caused the BiFACIAL films to show spontaneously biased stimuli responses and differential behaviors against biological substances (e.g., blood plasma). The films could be created in situ in live animals and imitated the structural/functional aspects of the representative anisotropic tissues (e.g., skin and blood vessels), providing valuable ECM-like platforms for the creation of favorable environments or for tissue regeneration or disease treatment by effectively manipulating cellular behaviors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Byung Gee Im
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , Yonsei University , 50 Yonsei-ro , Seodaemun-gu , Seoul 120-749 , Korea
| | - Minjae Do
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , Yonsei University , 50 Yonsei-ro , Seodaemun-gu , Seoul 120-749 , Korea
- Department of Chemistry , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon 34141 , Korea
| | - Yoojin Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , Yonsei University , 50 Yonsei-ro , Seodaemun-gu , Seoul 120-749 , Korea
| | - Mira Cho
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , Yonsei University , 50 Yonsei-ro , Seodaemun-gu , Seoul 120-749 , Korea
| | - Jae-Hyung Jang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , Yonsei University , 50 Yonsei-ro , Seodaemun-gu , Seoul 120-749 , Korea
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Jang JH, Moon J, Ha HY, Lee TH, Suh DW. Quantum-mechanical analysis of effect of alloying elements on ε-martensite start temperature of steels. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17860. [PMID: 29259306 PMCID: PMC5736593 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18230-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
With regard to the transformation mechanism of austenitic high manganese steel, the prediction of the ε-martensite start temperature is a critical consideration in alloy design. Evaluation of the ε-martensite start temperature makes it possible to predict the microstructure and to understand the phase transformation occurring during deformation. Here we use the quantum mechanical calculation of random alloys to understand the physics for ε-martensitic transformation in steels. We could find the linear relationship between the measured ε-martensite start temperatures and the crystal structure stability for various compositions. We also could estimate the effect of several alloying elements. It is expected that the effect of decreasing the temperatures for the same amount of alloying elements addition will be larger moving farther from Group VIII. By creating a free-energy model that reflects the temperature effect, we were able to calculate the average driving force required for the ε-martensitic transformations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J H Jang
- Ferrous Alloy Department, Korea Institute of Materials Science, Changwon, 51508, Republic of Korea.
| | - J Moon
- Ferrous Alloy Department, Korea Institute of Materials Science, Changwon, 51508, Republic of Korea
| | - H-Y Ha
- Ferrous Alloy Department, Korea Institute of Materials Science, Changwon, 51508, Republic of Korea
| | - T-H Lee
- Ferrous Alloy Department, Korea Institute of Materials Science, Changwon, 51508, Republic of Korea
| | - D-W Suh
- Graduate Institute of Ferrous Technology, POSTECH, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Yang H, Kannappan S, Pandian AS, Jang JH, Lee YS, Lu W. Graphene supercapacitor with both high power and energy density. Nanotechnology 2017; 28:445401. [PMID: 28854156 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aa8948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Supercapacitors, based on fast ion transportation, are specialized to provide high power, long stability, and efficient energy storage using highly porous electrode materials. However, their low energy density excludes them from many potential applications that require both high energy density and high power density performances. Using a scalable nanoporous graphene synthesis method involving an annealing process in hydrogen, here we show supercapacitors with highly porous graphene electrodes capable of achieving not only a high power density of 41 kW kg-1 and a Coulombic efficiency of 97.5%, but also a high energy density of 148.75 Wh kg-1. A high specific gravimetric and volumetric capacitance (306.03 F g-1 and 64.27 F cm-3) are demonstrated. The devices can retain almost 100% capacitance after 7000 charging/discharging cycles at a current density of 8 A g-1. The superior performance of supercapacitors is attributed to their ideal pore size, pore uniformity, and good ion accessibility of the synthesized graphene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States of America
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Oh SI, Rani JR, Hong SM, Jang JH. Self-rectifying bipolar resistive switching memory based on an iron oxide and graphene oxide hybrid. Nanoscale 2017; 9:15314-15322. [PMID: 28820212 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr01840a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A resistive random access memory (RRAM) device with self-rectifying I-V characteristics was fabricated by inserting a silicon nitride (Si3N4) layer between the bottom electrode and solution-processed active material of an iron oxide-graphene oxide (FeOx-GO) hybrid. The fabricated Au/Ni/FeOx-GO/Si3N4/n+-Si memory device exhibited an excellent resistive switching ratio and a rectification ratio higher than 104. In the Au/Ni/FeOx-GO/Si3N4/n+-Si device, resistive switching occurs in both the FeOx-GO and Si3N4 layers separately, resulting in a highly uniform and stable switching performance. The resistive switching from a high resistance state to a low resistance state in the Au/Ni/FeOx-GO/Si3N4/n+-Si device occurs through a trap-assisted tunneling process in the Si3N4 layer, enabled by the FeOx-GO layer which prevents diffusion of the migrating Ni metal into the switching nitride layer. The intrinsic self-rectifying characteristics of our memory devices arise from the asymmetric barriers for electrons tunneling into the traps of the Si3N4 layer which is sandwiched between the top and bottom electrodes having dissimilar work functions. Our study confirmed that integrating a suitable dielectric layer into the conventional RRAM cell is an innovative strategy to simplify the architecture and fabrication process to realize self-rectifying crossbar arrays.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Se-I Oh
- Department of WCU Nanobio Materials and Electronics, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 500-712, South Korea
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Kim SH, Lee M, Cho M, Kim IS, Park KI, Lee H, Jang JH. Inverted Quasi-Spherical Droplets on Polydopamine-TiO2
Substrates for Enhancing Gene Delivery. Macromol Biosci 2017; 17. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201700148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Revised: 06/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Hyun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; Yonsei University; 50 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu Seoul 03722 Republic of Korea
| | - Mihyun Lee
- Department of Chemistry; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology; 291 Daehak-ro Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology; ETH Zürich Otto-Stern-Weg 7 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Mira Cho
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; Yonsei University; 50 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu Seoul 03722 Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Sun Kim
- Department of Pediatric; Yonsei University College of Medicine; 50-1 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu Seoul 03722 Republic of Korea
| | - Kook In Park
- Department of Pediatric; Yonsei University College of Medicine; 50-1 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu Seoul 03722 Republic of Korea
| | - Haeshin Lee
- Department of Chemistry; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology; 291 Daehak-ro Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hyung Jang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; Yonsei University; 50 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu Seoul 03722 Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Jeong HJ, Kim YC, Lee SK, Jeong Y, Song JW, Yun JH, Jang JH. Ultrawide Spectral Response of CIGS Solar Cells Integrated with Luminescent Down-Shifting Quantum Dots. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2017; 9:25404-25411. [PMID: 28695727 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b08122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Conventional Cu(In1-x,Gax)Se2 (CIGS) solar cells exhibit poor spectral response due to parasitic light absorption in the window and buffer layers at the short wavelength range between 300 and 520 nm. In this study, the CdSe/CdZnS core/shell quantum dots (QDs) acting as a luminescent down-shifting (LDS) layer were inserted between the MgF2 antireflection coating and the window layer of the CIGS solar cell to improve light harvesting in the short wavelength range. The LDS layer absorbs photons in the short wavelength range and re-emits photons in the 609 nm range, which are transmitted through the window and buffer layer and absorbed in the CIGS layer. The average external quantum efficiency in the parasitic light absorption region (300-520 nm) was enhanced by 51%. The resulting short circuit current density of 34.04 mA/cm2 and power conversion efficiency of 14.29% of the CIGS solar cell with the CdSe/CdZnS QDs were improved by 4.35 and 3.85%, respectively, compared with those of the conventional solar cells without QDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jin-Won Song
- Materials Development Division, ECOFLUX Co., Ltd , Cheongju-si 28121, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Hyung Yun
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Incheon National University , Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 406-772, Republic of Korea
| | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Rani JR, Thangavel R, Oh SI, Woo JM, Chandra Das N, Kim SY, Lee YS, Jang JH. High Volumetric Energy Density Hybrid Supercapacitors Based on Reduced Graphene Oxide Scrolls. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2017; 9:22398-22407. [PMID: 28613816 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b03299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The low volumetric energy density of reduced graphene oxide (rGO)-based electrodes limits its application in commercial electrochemical energy storage devices that require high-performance energy storage capacities in small volumes. The volumetric energy density of rGO-based electrode materials is very low due to their low packing density. A supercapacitor with enhanced packing density and high volumetric energy density is fabricated using doped rGO scrolls (GFNSs) as the electrode material. The restacking of rGO sheets is successfully controlled through synthesizing the doped scroll structures while increasing the packing density. The fabricated cell exhibits an ultrahigh volumetric energy density of 49.66 Wh/L with excellent cycling stability (>10 000 cycles). This unique design strategy for the electrode material has significant potential for the future supercapacitors with high volumetric energy densities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janardhanan R Rani
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology , Gwangju 61005, South Korea
| | - Ranjith Thangavel
- Faculty of Applied Chemical Engineering, Chonnam National University , Gwangju 61186, South Korea
| | - Se-I Oh
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology , Gwangju 61005, South Korea
| | - Jeong Min Woo
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology , Gwangju 61005, South Korea
| | - Nayan Chandra Das
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology , Gwangju 61005, South Korea
| | - So-Yeon Kim
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology , Gwangju 61005, South Korea
| | - Yun-Sung Lee
- Faculty of Applied Chemical Engineering, Chonnam National University , Gwangju 61186, South Korea
| | - Jae-Hyung Jang
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology , Gwangju 61005, South Korea
- Research Institute for Solar and Sustainable Energies, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology , Gwangju 61005, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Kim Y, Kim E, Oh S, Yoon YE, Jang JH. Mutagenic Analysis of an Adeno-Associated Virus Variant Capable of Simultaneously Promoting Immune Resistance and Robust Gene Delivery. Hum Gene Ther 2017. [PMID: 28648139 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2017.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In addition to the ability to boost gene delivery efficiency in many therapeutically relevant cells, the capability of circumventing neutralizing antibody (NAb) inactivation is a key prerequisite that gene carriers must fulfill for their extensive applications as therapeutic agents in many gene therapy trials, especially for cancer treatments. This study revealed that a genetically engineered adeno-associated virus (AAV) variant, AAVr3.45, inherently possesses dual beneficial properties as a gene carrier: (i) efficiently delivering therapeutic genes to many clinically valuable cells (e.g., stem or cancer cells) and (ii) effectively bypassing immunoglobulin (IgG) neutralization. Detailed interpretation of the structural features of AAVr3.45, which was previously engineered from AAV2, demonstrated that the LATQVGQKTA peptide at the heparan sulfate proteoglycan binding domain, especially the presence of cationic lysine on the peptide, served as a key motif for dramatically enhancing its gene delivery capabilities, ultimately broadening its tropisms for many cancer cell lines. Furthermore, the substitution of valine on the AAV2 capsid at the amino acid 719 site to methionine functioned as a coordinator for promoting viral resistance against IgG inactivation. The NAb-resistant characteristics of AAVr3.45 were possibly associated with the LATQVGQKTA sequence itself, indicating that its synergistic cooperation with the point mutation (V719M) is required for maximizing its ability to evade NAb inactivation. The potential of AAVr3.45 as a cancer gene therapy agent was confirmed by provoking apoptosis in breast adenocarcinoma by efficiently delivering a pro-apoptotic gene, BIM (Bcl-2-like protein 11), under high titers of human IgG. Thus, the superior aspects of the NAb-resistant AAVr3.45 as a potential therapeutic agent for systemic injection approaches, especially for cancer gene therapy, were highlighted in this study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoojin Kim
- 1 Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University , Seoul, Korea
| | - Eunmi Kim
- 1 Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University , Seoul, Korea.,2 Material Research Division, R&D Unit, AmorePacific Corporation, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Seokmin Oh
- 1 Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University , Seoul, Korea
| | - Ye-Eun Yoon
- 1 Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University , Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Hyung Jang
- 1 Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University , Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Woo JM, Hussain S, Jang JH. A terahertz in-line polarization converter based on through-via connected double layer slot structures. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42952. [PMID: 28211498 PMCID: PMC5314401 DOI: 10.1038/srep42952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A terahertz (THz) in-line polarization converter that yields a polarization conversion ratio as high as 99.9% is demonstrated at 1 THz. It has double-layer slot structures oriented in orthogonal directions that are electrically connected by 1/8-wavelngth-long through-via holes beside the slot structures. The slots on the front metal-plane respond to the incident THz wave with polarization orthogonal to the slots and generates a circulating surface current around the slots. The surface current propagates along a pair of through-via holes that function as a two-wire transmission line. The propagating current generates a surface current around the backside slot structures oriented orthogonal to the slot structures on the front metal layer. The circulating current generates a terahertz wave polarized orthogonal to the backside slot structures and the 90° polarization conversion is completed. The re-radiating THz wave with 90° converted polarization propagates in the same direction as the incident THz wave.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Min Woo
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Cheomdan-gwagiro 123, Gwangju 61005, South Korea.,Electrical Environment Research Center, Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute (KERI), 12, Bulmosan-ro 10Beon-gil, Changwon 51543, South Korea
| | - Sajid Hussain
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Cheomdan-gwagiro 123, Gwangju 61005, South Korea
| | - Jae-Hyung Jang
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Cheomdan-gwagiro 123, Gwangju 61005, South Korea.,Research Institute of Solar and Sustainable Energies, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Cheomdan-gwagiro 123, Gwangju 61005, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Lee JH, Kim Y, Yoon YE, Kim YJ, Oh SG, Jang JH, Kim E. Development of efficient adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated gene delivery system with a phytoactive material for targeting human melanoma cells. N Biotechnol 2017; 37:194-199. [PMID: 28179151 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2017.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
We exploited the emerging potential of gene therapy strategies to design a powerful therapeutic system that combines two key components-AAV vector and [6]-gingerol. In this study, we created an AAV2 construct expressing the proapoptotic protein BIM, which uses HSPG as its primary receptor, to target HSPG-overexpressing melanoma cells. This combination treatment showed promising results in vitro, inducing apoptosis in human melanoma cells. This new platform technology will make a significant contribution to numerous therapeutic applications, most notably for melanoma, including overcoming resistance to conventional anticancer therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John Hwan Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, 222, Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoojin Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye-Eun Yoon
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Jin Kim
- Skin Research Division, R&D Unit, AmorePacific Corporation, 1920, Yonggu-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Geun Oh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, 222, Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hyung Jang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunmi Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Skin Research Division, R&D Unit, AmorePacific Corporation, 1920, Yonggu-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Shin WC, Moon NH, Jang JH, Park KY, Suh KT. Anterolateral femoral bowing and loss of thigh muscle are associated with occurrence of atypical femoral fracture: Effect of failed tension band mechanism in mid-thigh. J Orthop Sci 2017; 22:99-104. [PMID: 27720510 DOI: 10.1016/j.jos.2016.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2016] [Revised: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/10/2016] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to characterize anterolateral bowing of the femur using X-rays and muscular atrophy in the mid-thigh using computed tomography (CT) in patients with atypical femoral fractures (AFFs). We then compared the results with those of an intertrochanteric fracture to understand whether these measures act as causative factors of AFFs. METHODS From January 2009 to December 2015, 37 patients with complete AFF and 12 patients with incomplete AFF were enrolled in this study. Lateral femoral bowing, anterior femoral bowing, cross-sectional area (CSA), and attenuation coefficient of thigh muscles in the AFF group are measured and compare with those in the intertrochanteric fracture group. RESULTS Lateral and anterior femoral bowing in the AFF group were significantly higher than those in the intertrochanteric fracture group. The level of fracture was found to be significantly associated with lateral and anterior femoral bowing (r = 0.569, r2 = 0.324, p < 0.001; r = -0.530, r2 = 0.281, p < 0.001, respectively). Total CSA and CSA of anterior and medial compartments were significantly lower in the AFF group (p < 0.05). The attenuation coefficient of the total thigh muscle and all three compartments in the AFF group were significantly lower than those in the intertrochanteric fracture group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that anterolateral femoral bowing and loss of thigh muscle were highly associated with the occurrence of AFFs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W C Shin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - N H Moon
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Hospital, South Korea.
| | - J H Jang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Hospital, South Korea
| | - K Y Park
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Hospital, South Korea
| | - K T Suh
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Yoon YE, Im BG, Kim JS, Jang JH. Multifunctional Self-Adhesive Fibrous Layered Matrix (FiLM) for Tissue Glues and Therapeutic Carriers. Biomacromolecules 2016; 18:127-140. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.6b01413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ye-Eun Yoon
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular
Engineering, Yonsei University, 50, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-749, Korea
| | - Byung Gee Im
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular
Engineering, Yonsei University, 50, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-749, Korea
| | - Jung-suk Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular
Engineering, Yonsei University, 50, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-749, Korea
| | - Jae-Hyung Jang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular
Engineering, Yonsei University, 50, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-749, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Nouman MT, Hwang JH, Jang JH. Ultrathin Terahertz Quarter-wave plate based on Split Ring Resonator and Wire Grating hybrid Metasurface. Sci Rep 2016; 6:39062. [PMID: 27958358 PMCID: PMC5153656 DOI: 10.1038/srep39062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Planar metasurface based quarter-wave plates offer various advantages over conventional waveplates in terms of compactness, flexibility and simple fabrication; however they offer very narrow bandwidth of operation. Here, we demonstrate a planar terahertz (THz) metasurface capable of linear to circular polarization conversion and vice versa in a wide frequency range. The proposed metasurface is based on horizontally connected split ring resonators and is realized on an ultrathin (0.05λ) zeonor substrate. The fabricated quarter waveplate realizes linear to circular polarization conversion in two broad frequency bands comprising 0.64–0.82 THz and 0.96–1.3 THz with an insertion loss ranging from −3.9 to −10 dB. By virtue of ultrathin sub wavelength thickness, the proposed waveplate design is well suited for application in near field THz optical systems. Additionally, the proposed metasurface design offers novel transmission phase characteristics that present further opportunities to realize dynamic polarization control of incident waves.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Tayyab Nouman
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 1 OryongdongBuk-gu, Gwangju 500-712, South Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Hwang
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 1 OryongdongBuk-gu, Gwangju 500-712, South Korea
| | - Jae-Hyung Jang
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 1 OryongdongBuk-gu, Gwangju 500-712, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Lee MH, Jang JH, Min HJ, Jang HI, Nah JH, Lyu CJ, Han KS, Won JH, Lee YH, Chong SY, Mun YC, Lee WS, Kim SJ, Kim I. Predictors of general discomfort, limitations in activities of daily living and intention of a second donation in unrelated hematopoietic stem cell donation. Bone Marrow Transplant 2016; 52:258-263. [PMID: 27819689 DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2016.260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Revised: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We performed a retrospective study of 1868 consecutive unrelated donors to predict the risk factors related to general discomfort, limitations in activities of daily living (ADLs) and intention of a second donation in hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) donation. General discomfort and limitations in ADLs were assessed by numerical measurement (scores of 0-10) and donor's intention of a second donation by yes or no reply. The post-donation questionnaires were completed within 48 h after HSC collection and at 1 week, 4 weeks, and 4 months thereafter. Predictors of general discomfort included female sex (P<0.0001), bone marrow (BM) collection (P<0.0001) or PBSC collection through a central line (CL; P=0.0349), 2-day collection (P=0.0150) and negative or undetermined intention of a second donation on day 1 (P<0.0001). Predictors of limitations in ADLs included age group of 30-39 years (P=0.0046), female sex (P<0.0001), BM collection (P<0.0001) or PBSC collection through a CL (P<0.0001) and negative or undetermined intention of a second donation on day 1 (P<0.0001). The only predictor of positive intention of a second donation was male sex (P=0.0007). Age, sex and collection method and period should be considered risk factors when unrelated HSC donation is performed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M H Lee
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J H Jang
- Korea Marrow Donor Program, Seoul, South Korea
| | - H J Min
- Clinical Research Institute, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - H I Jang
- Korea Marrow Donor Program, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J H Nah
- Korea Marrow Donor Program, Seoul, South Korea
| | - C J Lyu
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - K-S Han
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J H Won
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Soon Chun Hyang University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Y-H Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Hanyang University Medical Center, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S Y Chong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Bundang Cha Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Y C Mun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - W S Lee
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - S J Kim
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - I Kim
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Song IT, Lee M, Lee H, Han J, Jang JH, Lee MS, Koh GY, Lee H. PEGylation and HAylation via catechol: α-Amine-specific reaction at N-terminus of peptides and proteins. Acta Biomater 2016; 43:50-60. [PMID: 27424082 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Revised: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The development of chemoselective, site-specific chemistries for proteins/peptides is essential for biochemistry, pharmaceutical chemistry, and other fields. In this work, we found that catechol, which has been extensively utilized as an adhesive molecule for material-independent surface chemistry and as a crosslinker in hydrogel preparation, specifically reacts with N-terminal α-amines, avoiding the ε-amine group in lysine. A conjugate of methoxy-poly(ethylene glycol)-catechol called mPEG-cat chemoselectively reacts with N-terminal amine groups at neutral pH resulting in site-specific PEGylation. To demonstrate the versatility of this catechol chemoselective reaction, we used four proteins (lysozyme, basic-fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), insulin, and erythropoietin (EPO)) as well as two peptides (hinge-3 and laminin-derived peptide (LDP)). All the tested macromolecules showed N-terminal site-specific modifications. Furthermore, we prepared another catechol grafted conjugate called hyaluronic acid-catechol (HA-cat) to demonstrate that this catechol-involved chemoselective chemistry is not specific for PEG conjugates. This new catechol chemoselective chemistry could be a new platform for the functionalization of proteins and peptides for a variety of purposes. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Considering the fact that biological activities of proteins or peptides depend largely on their 3-dimensional conformation, the orientation-controllable reaction is very important for preserving the intrinsic functionality of them. In addition to PEG, many other bio-polymers such as oligonucleotides, antibodies, and oligosaccharides have been conjugated with proteins or peptides for various biomedical applications. Although several chemoselective conjugation chemistries have been reported, conjugation efficiencies are different depending on types of proteins or polymers, and thus there've been strong needs for the development of alternative strategy of chemoselective conjugation that can be applied for a variety of therapeutic proteins towards high biological activities. We are certain this new catechol chemoselective chemistry could be a new platform for the functionalization of proteins and peptides for various purposes.
Collapse
|
42
|
Jang JH, Janker F, Arni S, Yamada Y, De Meester I, Weder W, Jungraithmayr W. CD26/DPP4-inhibition suppresses lung cancer growth via increased NK cell and macrophage recruitment. Zentralbl Chir 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1587531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
43
|
Yamada Y, Laube I, Jang JH, Maeyashiki T, Bonvini J, Inci I, Beck Schimmer B, Weder W, Jungraithmayr W. Sevoflurane preconditioning attenuates lung injury after mouse lung transplantation. Zentralbl Chir 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1587544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
44
|
Kim JS, Im BG, Jin G, Jang JH. Tubing-Electrospinning: A One-Step Process for Fabricating Fibrous Matrices with Spatial, Chemical, and Mechanical Gradients. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2016; 8:22721-22731. [PMID: 27513165 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b08086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Guiding newly generated tissues in a gradient pattern, thereby precisely mimicking inherent tissue morphology and subsequently arranging the intimate networks between adjacent tissues, is essential to raise the technical levels of tissue engineering and facilitate its transition into the clinic. In this study, a straightforward electrospinning method (the tubing-electrospinning technique) was developed to create fibrous matrices readily with diverse gradient patterns and to induce patterned cellular responses. Gradient fibrous matrices can be produced simply by installing a series of polymer-containing lengths of tubing into an electrospinning circuit and sequentially processing polymers without a time lag. The loading of polymer samples with different characteristics, including concentration, wettability, and mechanical properties, into the tubing system enabled unique features in fibrous matrices, such as longitudinal gradients in fiber density, surface properties, and mechanical stiffness. The resulting fibrous gradients were shown to arrange cellular migration and residence in a gradient manner, thereby offering efficient cues to mediate patterned tissue formation. The one-step process using tubing-electrospinning apparatus can be used without significant modifications regardless of the type of fibrous gradient. Hence, the tubing-electrospinning system can serve as a platform that can be readily used by a wide-range of users to induce patterned tissue formation in a gradient manner, which will ultimately improve the functionality of tissue engineering scaffolds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Suk Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University , 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Byung Gee Im
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University , 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Gyuhyung Jin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University , 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Jae-Hyung Jang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University , 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Cho M, Kim SH, Jin G, Park KI, Jang JH. Salt-Induced Electrospun Patterned Bundled Fibers for Spatially Regulating Cellular Responses. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2016; 8:13320-13331. [PMID: 27167566 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b03848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Implementing patterned fibrous matrices can offer a highly valuable platform for spatially orchestrating hierarchical cellular constructs, specifically for neural engineering approaches, in which striated alignment or directional growth of axons are key elements for the functional recovery of damaged nervous systems. Thus, understanding the structural parameters of patterned fibrous matrices that can effectively promote neural growth can provide crucial clues for designing state-of-the-art tissue engineering scaffolds. To this end, salt-induced electrospun patterned fiber bundles (SiEP bundles) comprising longitudinally stacked multiple fibers were fabricated, and their capabilities of spatially stimulating the responses of neural cells, including PC12 cells, human neural stem cells (hNSCs), and dorsal root ganglia (DRG), were assessed by comparing them to conventional fibrous matrices having either randomly oriented fibers or individually aligned fibers. The SiEP bundles possessed remarkably distinctive morphological and topographical characteristics: multicomplexed infrastructures with nano- and microscale fibers, rough surfaces, and soft mechanical properties. Importantly, the SiEP bundles resulted in spatial cellular elongations corresponding to the fiber directions and induced highly robust neurite extensions along the patterned fibers. Furthermore, the residence of hNSCs on the topographically rough grooves of the SiEP bundles boosted neuronal differentiation. These findings can provide crucial insights for designing fibrous platforms that can spatially regulate cellular responses and potentially offer powerful strategies for a neural growth system in which directional cellular responses are critical for the functional recovery of damaged neural tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mira Cho
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and ‡Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Yonsei University , 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Seung-Hyun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and ‡Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Yonsei University , 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Gyuhyung Jin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and ‡Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Yonsei University , 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Kook In Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and ‡Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Yonsei University , 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Jae-Hyung Jang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and ‡Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Yonsei University , 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Nouman MT, Kim HW, Woo JM, Hwang JH, Kim D, Jang JH. Terahertz Modulator based on Metamaterials integrated with Metal-Semiconductor-Metal Varactors. Sci Rep 2016; 6:26452. [PMID: 27194128 PMCID: PMC4872220 DOI: 10.1038/srep26452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The terahertz (THz) band of the electromagnetic spectrum, with frequencies ranging from 300 GHz to 3 THz, has attracted wide interest in recent years owing to its potential applications in numerous areas. Significant progress has been made toward the development of devices capable of actively controlling terahertz waves; nonetheless, further advances in device functionality are necessary for employment of these devices in practical terahertz systems. Here, we demonstrate a low voltage, sharp switching terahertz modulator device based on metamaterials integrated with metal semiconductor metal (MSM) varactors, fabricated on an AlGaAs/InGaAs based heterostructure. By varying the applied voltage to the MSM-varactor located at the center of split ring resonator (SRR), the resonance frequency of the SRR-based metamaterial is altered. Upon varying the bias voltage from 0 V to 3 V, the resonance frequency exhibits a transition from 0.52 THz to 0.56 THz, resulting in a modulation depth of 45 percent with an insertion loss of 4.3 dB at 0.58 THz. This work demonstrates a new approach for realizing active terahertz devices with improved functionalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Tayyab Nouman
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 1 Oryongdong Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-712, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Woong Kim
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 1 Oryongdong Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-712, South Korea
| | - Jeong Min Woo
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 1 Oryongdong Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-712, South Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Hwang
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 1 Oryongdong Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-712, South Korea
| | - Dongju Kim
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 1 Oryongdong Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-712, South Korea
| | - Jae-Hyung Jang
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 1 Oryongdong Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-712, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Jung YH, Jang JH, Kang H, Choi WS, Choi YK, Song WC, Song BS, Lee JH, Hong B. Properties of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Using Carbon Nanowall Counter Electrodes. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2016; 16:5302-5304. [PMID: 27483920 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2016.12215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This research investigates plasma-treated and metal-coated carbon nanowalls (CNWs) for use as counter electrodes of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The CNWs were synthesized on a fluorine-tin-oxide (FTO) glass substrate using the microwave plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) system with methane (CH4) gas. The post-plasma treatment was performed on the CNWs with hydrogen (H2) plasma using PECVD, and the CNWs were sputter-coated with metal films using the RF magnetron sputtering system with a four-inch tungsten (W) target. Then the post-plasma-treated and metal-coated CNWs were used as counter electrodes for the fabrication of the DSSCs. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) was performed to obtain cross-sectional and planar images of the grown CNWs. The energy conversion efficiencies of the DSSCs manufactured using the post-plasma-treated and metal-layer-coated CNWs as the counter electrodes were measured.
Collapse
|
48
|
Abstract
The traditional techniques involving an oblique tunnel or triangular wedge resection to approach a central or mixed-type physeal bar are hindered by poor visualisation of the bar. This may be overcome by a complete transverse osteotomy at the metaphysis near the growth plate or a direct vertical approach to the bar. Ilizarov external fixation using small wires allows firm fixation of the short physis-bearing fragment, and can also correct an associated angular deformity and permit limb lengthening. We accurately approached and successfully excised ten central- or mixed-type bars; six in the distal femur, two in the proximal tibia and two in the distal tibia, without damaging the uninvolved physis, and corrected the associated angular deformity and leg-length discrepancy. Callus formation was slightly delayed because of periosteal elevation and stretching during resection of the bar. The resultant resection of the bar was satisfactory in seven patients and fair in three as assessed using a by a modified Williamson-Staheli classification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H T Kim
- Pusan National University, 1Ga-10, Ami-Dong, Seo-Gu Busan, 602-739, Korea
| | - K P Lim
- Pusan National University, 1Ga-10, Ami-Dong, Seo-Gu Busan, 602-739, Korea
| | - J H Jang
- Pusan National University, 1Ga-10, Ami-Dong, Seo-Gu Busan, 602-739, Korea
| | - T Y Ahn
- Pusan National University, 1Ga-10, Ami-Dong, Seo-Gu Busan, 602-739, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Abstract
Designing biomaterial systems that can mimic fibrous, natural extracellular matrix is crucial for enhancing the efficacy of various therapeutic tools. Herein, a smart technology of three-dimensional electrospun fibers that can be injected in a minimally invasive manner was developed. Open surgery is currently the only route of administration of conventional electrospun fibers into the body. Coordinating electrospun fibers with a lubricating hydrogel produced fibrous constructs referred to as slidable, injectable, and gel-like (SLIDING) fibers. These SLIDING fibers could pass smoothly through a catheter and fill any cavity while maintaining their fibrous morphology. Their injectable features were derived from their distinctive rheological characteristics, which were presumably caused by the combinatorial effects of mobile electrospun fibers and lubricating hydrogels. The resulting injectable fibers fostered a highly favorable environment for human neural stem cell (hNSC) proliferation and neurosphere formation within the fibrous structures without compromising hNSC viability. SLIDING fibers demonstrated superior performance as cell carriers in animal stroke models subjected to the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) stroke model. In this model, SLIDING fiber application extended the survival rate of administered hNSCs by blocking microglial infiltration at the early, acute inflammatory stage. The development of SLIDING fibers will increase the clinical significance of fiber-based scaffolds in many biomedical fields and will broaden their applicability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Slgirim Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University , 50 Yonsei-Ro, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Seokhwan Yun
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Yonsei University , 50 Yonsei-Ro, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Kook In Park
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Yonsei University , 50 Yonsei-Ro, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Jae-Hyung Jang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University , 50 Yonsei-Ro, Seoul 03722, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Choi W, Lee S, Kim SH, Jang JH. Polydopamine Inter-Fiber Networks: New Strategy for Producing Rigid, Sticky, 3D Fluffy Electrospun Fibrous Polycaprolactone Sponges. Macromol Biosci 2016; 16:824-35. [PMID: 26855375 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201500375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2015] [Revised: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Designing versatile 3D interfaces that can precisely represent a biological environment is a prerequisite for the creation of artificial tissue structures. To this end, electrospun fibrous sponges, precisely mimicking an extracellular matrix and providing highly porous interfaces, have capabilities that can function as versatile physical cues to regenerate various tissues. However, their intrinsic features, such as sheet-like, thin, and weak structures, limit the design of a number of uses in tissue engineering applications. Herein, a highly facile methodology capable of fabricating rigid, sticky, spatially expanded fluffy electrospun fibrous sponges is proposed. A bio-inspired adhesive material, poly(dopamine) (pDA), is employed as a key mediator to provide rigidity and stickiness to the 3D poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) fibrous sponges, which are fabricated using a coaxial electrospinning with polystyrene followed by a selective leaching process. The iron ion induced oxidation of dopamine into pDA networks interwoven with PCL fibers results in significant increases in the rigidity of 3D fibrous sponges. Furthermore, the exposure of catecholamine groups on the fiber surfaces promotes the stable attachment of the sponges on wet organ surfaces and triggers the robust immobilization of biomolecules (e.g., proteins and gene vectors), demonstrating their potential for 3D scaffolds as well as drug delivery vehicles. Because fibrous structures are ubiquitous in the human body, these rigid, sticky, 3D fibrous sponges are good candidates for powerful biomaterial systems that functionally mimic a variety of tissue structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wuyong Choi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 120-749, Seoul, Korea
| | - Slgirim Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 120-749, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung-Hyun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 120-749, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Hyung Jang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 120-749, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|